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iiirgEoNESDAY,NOVEMBEIt 15,1865.
"The printing presses eball be free to every
person .wlu> lmdertakes to examine the
ceeding3 of the legislature, or any b of
government; and no law shall ever be made
to restrain the right thereof. The free commu
nication of thouglit and opinions Is one of the
invaluable rights of men; and every citizen
may freely speak, write and print on any sub
ject ; being responsible for the abuse of that
liberty. In prosecutions for the publication of
papers investigating the official conduct of offi
cers, or men In public, capacities, or where the
matter published is proper for public informa
tion, the truth thereof may be given in evi
dence..
LANCASTKB. INTELLIGENCES OFFICE.
November 6th, 1885. J
JAM'S F. POWNEY is authorized to re
oeive money and subscriptions, and to con
tract for advertising and job work for us.
COOPER," SANDERSON dr. CO.
The Late Colonel Bowman.
The Philadelphia Press - of yesterday
had the following notice of the late Col
onel Bowman:
Colonel Bowman was a Pennsylvanian,
and was born in the year 1805. In 1821 be
entered West Point, and graduated No. 3
in the class of 1825—that class in which Al
exander D. Bache, for so many years at
the head of the corps of Topographical En
gineers, was No. 1; Benjamin Huger No.
8; Robert Anderson, of Fort Sumpter
fame, No. 15 ; and Charles F. Smith N 0.19.
Breveted second lieutenant in the highest
brahch of the service on his graduation, he
was the same day promoted to the full
rank, and appointed acting assistant pro
fessor of ethics at West Point. He was re
lieved in the following year. The only
official record which exists says nothing of
his employment from that time until 1853,
but simply records his various promotions.
He was made first Lieutenant January 21,
1835, and Captain July 7, 1838. He saw no
service in the Mexican war. In 1833 he was
detached from the Engineer Corps and or
dered to the U. S. Treasury Department, the
Secretary of which appointed him Superin
tendent of the Bureau for the Purchase of
Sites and Erection of Custom-houses. He
was engaged on this duty until his promo
tion to Major of the Engineers, January 5,
1857, soon after which he was ordered to su
perintend the completion of Fort Sumpter.
He left this work but a short time before
the investment of it by Beauregard. In
1862 he was made superintendent and com
mandant of the Military Academy at West
Point. The changes in the corps, resulting
from the death of Gen. Totten, in April,
1884, very materially affected Colonel Bow
man, and resulted in his retirement front
the superintendency. By the death of T.otten,
Colonel Richard Delaiield became Chief
Engineer, and Lieutenant Colonel Bowman
was advanced one in the line of promotion.
His senior Lieutenant Colonel, Thomas J.
Ortn, was appointed an additional Aid-de-
Camp. Barnard was made a Major Gener
al, and George W. Cullem, the next Lieu
tenant Colonel, was given the command of
the Military Academy. Colonel Bowman
retired to Wilkesbarre in July, 1884, where
he was engaged, up to the time of his death,
in supervising the plans and propositions
of his subordinate engineers for the im
provement of our coast defences.
The statement therein made in regard
to the cause of the removal of Colonel
Bowman-from the position of Command
ant of West Point is not correct. He
was removed by order of Stanton for
having invited General George B. Mc-
Clellan to deliver the address on the
laying of the corner-stone of the monu
ment to the graduates of West Point
who had been killed during the war.
For this act Stanton took pleasure in
venting hispettyspite on Col. Bowman.
When removed from the command of
West Point he was ordered to report at
Lancaster, and on representation being
made by one of his friends that Wilks
barre, and not this city, was the home
of Col. Bowman, Stanton rudely asked :
" Is it Lancaster in the order?" and
being assured that it was, replied, " then
Lancaster let it be." We do not sup
pose a more contemptible specimen of
petty and malicious meanness can be
found among the many despicable acts
of the Secretary of War. We had the
above statement from Colonel Bowman
himself, who boarded in this city for
months, while his family lived at Wilks
barre. To some of his military friends,
who suggested that lie might safely go
to Wilksbarre and have ally order
which came to Lancaster forwarded to
his home, he replied, that he had strict
ly obeyed all orders for more than forty
years, and he should remain at Lan
caster until ordered elsewhere. And
lie did so, until lie was appointed Chief
of the board to supervise our coast de
fences. This appointment was not
made until he had given notice of his
intention to call for a proper military
examination into his case. Then
Stanton, fearing to have his mean-
esS exposed, appointed him to the po
sition which he held at his death. There
was not a mau in the regular army more
universally respected and esteemed than
Colonel Bowman. We have it from his
own lips that during more than forty
years of service he never asked for a
furlough or leave of absence, except
once, and then he willingly returned to
duty again at the expiration of two
weeks, a call having been made upon
him, which, however, he was not bound
to obey. Such was the man who was
made the victim of Stanton's petty
spite.
A Nice Family Quarrel
The Harrisburg Telegraph of Fri
day evening has a most bitter and vio
lent attack upon Colonel McClure,
drawn out by his account ofthe inter
view he had recently with President
Johnson. The Telegraph, which is the
most unprincipled and mendacious
sheet in the country, is entirely in the
interest of Simon Cameron. The old
Winnebago gives the cue, and the cur
Bergner is always ready to yelp and
snarl at the heels of whomsoever his
master points out as an object of hatred.
This accounts for the attack upon Mc-
Clure. McClure and Cameron are not
friends, consequently Bergner hates
him. But, the assault upon McClure is
equally an assault upon all who are
not in league with Cafneron. Every
blow aimed at the editor of
the Repository is equally a blow
at Governor Curtin, at Kelly, at
Stevens and at all who are not ready
to come and go at Simon's bidding. It
is not necessary for us to intimate that
the attack upon McClure abounds in
abusive epithets and is distinguished
for its venom. Such is the unvarying
character of the editorials of the Tele
graph. The article to which we allude
is instructive and entertaining. It
shows what a happy and harmonious
family the Republican party of this
State is. We congratulate them on
their pleasant relations to each other.
We shall look on and enjoy the family
feud, caring but little which faction
succeeds in destroying the other.
GENERAL KILPATRICK was arrested
for bribery on election day at Newtown,
New Jersey, together with the United
States Deputy Collector and two or three
others. He will be indicted at the De
cember Term of the Court of Sussex,
his native county. So says a correspon
dent of the Newark Journal.
THE CLAIMS of IIIIL4IR , Ohio, Wis
consul, New York, Vermont, Delaware
and Minnesota, for moneys advanced
the Government in the early stages of
the war, have been settled by the Trea
sury Department. The claims of Penn
sylvania are said to be in a fair way of
• adjustment. The people of this State
will be glad to hear that such is the
case.
THE NEW YORK HERALD presents
the question of the admission of the
Southern members to Congress in this
light:
" If the Southern States are in the
Union, if they had no right to secede,
then an attempt on the part of Congress
to reject the Representatives duly elect
ed is revolutionary. It is an insurrec
tion, a rebellion against the Constitu
tion, and the President will have full
authority to exercise all the powers
vested in him in times of insurrection
and rebellion to put an end to their rev
alutloflary work,"
. ankee-Patriotism.-
On the 29th of August, 1775, General
Washington wrote from Cambridge,
Massachusetts, to Richard Henry Lee:
"I have made a pretty good stormamong
such kind of officers as the Massachusetts
Government abounds in since I came to
this camp, having broke one colonel and
two captains for cowardly behavior at Bun
ker Hill ; and two captains for drawing
more provisions and pay than they bad
men in their companies, and one for being
absent from his post when the enemy ap
peared and burnt a house just by. Besides
these, I have at this time one colonel, one
major, one captain and two subalterns un
der arrest for trial. In short, I spare none,
and yet fear it will not all do, as these peo
ple seem to be attentive only to their in
terests."
That is decidedly a strong indictment;
but, we think it can easily be shown
that the people of New England have
been noted for selfishness, if not for
cowardice, from the day of the revolu
tion to the present time. To prove this
we need not cite instances of an ind.
vidual character—the manufacturers of
wooden hams and nutmegs,_ and the
horde of unprincipled adventurers
whose rascally tricks have made the
name of Yankee everywhere synony
mous with that of swindler and cheat.
The history of the country shows that"
New England has always been more
attentive to its own interests than to
the honor and the welfare of the nation.
At the time of the adoption of the
Constitution, Yankeeship owners being
then largely engaged in the slave trade,
it was by the vote of New England
delegates that the clause was inserted
prohibiting the interruption of that
nefarious traffic before the year 1808.
After the slave trade had ceased,
finding the employment of negro labor
unprofitable, the Yankees took occasio‘
to sell their slaves to the people of tilt
more Southern States; and it was ntt
until they had nothing to lose in a
pecuniary point of view that their puri-
tanical consciences commenced to be
exercised in regard to the sinfulness of
slavery.
On ' the breaking out of the war of
1814, these same Yankees, having much
money invested in shipping, and being
largely engaged in commercial trading,
opposed the war most bitterly. They
showed plainly their willingness to sac
rifice the national honor on the altar of
their own selfishness.
They first opposed a tariff, because
they believed it would lessen the profits
of their shipping by curtailing foreign
importation, and only favored it after
manufactures had been established
among themselves, which were benefit
ted by protection.
In short, every movement which they
have made has been marked by selfish
ness. The national honor, the best in
terests of the country at large, and even
their own puritanical fanaticism, next
to selfishness the strongest motive pow
er of the Yankee, have all been made
subservient to their own interests. From
the days of Washington down, it could
truly be said of the Yankees as a body,
in the words of the letter from which we
quote, " these people seem to be atten
tive only to their own interests."
The latest instance of their willing
ness to sacrifice everything to pecuni
ary gain which has fallen under our
notice is a petition to Secretary Seward,
got up in Boston and signed by many
of the largest ship owners of that city,
praying him not to press our claims on
the British Government for depreda
tions committed by the Anglo-rebel
pirates, as they are called. The reason
assigned is that when England becomes
involved in war, which these Boston
speculators think cannot be far distant,
the position which her Government
has taken in regard to the fitting out of
Confederate cruisers, if allowed to stand
as a precedent, will give a chance to
realize immense sums of money by fur
nishing similar vessels to her adversary.
In plainer terms, they urge Secretary
Seward to pocket what they profess to
regard as an insult to our national honor,
in order that they may have a chance
to pocket money iu the future. Such
is Yankee honor and Yankee patriotism.
The Election In Maryland
The late election in Maryland was the
veriest farce imaginable. In Baltimore,
out of a vote of thirty-live thousand,
less than six thousand votes were polled.
So it was throughout the State. In the
Frederick district of over two thousand
legal voters only 674 were polled. The
rest either were refused registration or
their votes were rejected when offered.
A beggarly minority thus rules a State
which was once free. We are glad to
notice that even leading Republicans
are getting ashamed of such an infamous
attempt to disfranchise the majority of
the people of their State. Wm. H.
Purnell, Postmaster of Baltimore ; Hon.
Edwin H. Webster, late member of
Congress and now Collector of the port
of Baltimore, and others, are denouncing
the infamous Registration Law. It
cannot long stand against the tide of
public opinion, and the day that wit
nesses its repeal will see the triumph of
the Democratic party in Maryland by
an overwhelming majority.
Negroes Demanding Equality
The negroes of New York held a State
Convention at Poughkeepsie, which ad
journed at a late hour on Wednesday
night last. A large number of the
counties of the State were represented.
A State Central Committee was ap
pointed to urge the franchise and other
questions affecting the interest of
" colored Americans."
Previous to the final adjournment of
the Convention, the following resolu
tion was unanimously adopted:
Resolved, That this Convention is of
the opinion that there should be a rep
resentation of colored men in the city
of Washington from the different sec
tions to be there during the session of
Congress, supported by the people,
whose duty it should be to urge upon
the members of Congress the impor
tance of having the status of the colored
American so fixed in the land that his
color shall not be a bar to his occupying
any position, or to the enjoyment of all
the rights that appertain to citizenship.
So, whoever visits Washington this
winter may expect to see the lobby of
the Capitol crowded with negroes,
whose business it will be to button
hole members of Congress for the pur
pose of securing the passage of a law
giving them entire equality with the
whites. Whether they will succeed or
not remains to be seen.
General Grant's Real Name
The Milwaukee News says that a
prominent and reliable citizen of Wis
consin was told by General Sherman,
when on his recent visit to Milwaukee.
that Gen. Grant's real name is Hiram
S. Grant, and not Ulysses S. Grant, as
he is usually designated. Gen. Sherman
stated that the name by which General
Grant goes was acquired by the blunder
of the member of Congress who recom
mended General Grant for the Military
Academy, when he handed in the name
of young Grant to the Secretary of War.
After his appointment to West Point,
the embryo Lieut. Gen. endeavored to
secure a correction of the error, but the
officers of the Academy declined to do
so for want of authority, and referred
the matter to the War Department,
where for some reason it was neglected.
The modest student of military tactics
finally flanked the difficulty by assum
ing the name which accident and the
official record assigned him. His mother
however never forgot to call him Hiram,
and Ulysses never fails to respond to the
call. Whatever of truth there may be
this ste4ment we cannot say.
__ .. _
`"Co~ns`W~[or e~iee~men:
Gradually the fanatics of the North
are being forced to admit that freedom
is not a blessing to the negro. All the
woes of slavery, since it was first es
tablished on this continent; are but a
trifle in comparison with the miseries
precipitated upon the blacks by sud
den emancipation. On last Sunday
evening the Church of the Puritans in
New York city was crowded with a
congregation which assembled for the
purpose of hearing some facts in relation
to the condition of the freedmen from
General Fisk and Chaplain French,
both of the Freedmen's Bureau. Dr.
Cheever, the pastor of the church con
ducted the preliminary exercises. Chap
lain French then addressed the assem
blage. We give a couple of extracts
from his speech. He said :
"What has been the work of our nation
for the past four years? The taking of four
millions of souls out of the prison house of
slavery and setting them on the world's
highway. There they are now, without
money, shelter or clothes. They have no
friends of their own race to assist him, and
a feeling of supreme loneliness has come
over them. How glad they were when first
they became aware of their freedom,lntici
pating no hardships; and yet they had no
sooner begun to snuff the air of that freedom
when their sufferings commenced. They
are now fast travell in g down to the tomb.—
They want coffins, and will want thousands
more before the January of 1866.
" In South Carolina, Georgia and Ala
bama there is an excess of freedmen. As
our soldiers hemmed the Southern planters
in, they sent their slaves to the centre—
which accounts for this. In these places,
owing to drought and poverty, the people
are unable to sustain this excess of popula
tion. If we do not assist them we drive
the Southern people to establish another
system of oppression. If not assisted thirty
thousand freedmen will perish in Georgia
before the Ist of March. They are starving
and dying there, calling for coffins because
they can't get lir,ad. Ido not want to re
proach the government or the people; but
the freedmen require the assistance of both
to save them from death."
The speech of Gen. Fisk was much
in the same strain, though having been
confined to Kentucky and Tennessee,
he had not seen so many scenes of ex
tended misery as Chaplain French.—
Still his account of the condition of the
negroes was such as to leave no doubt
of the wretchedness which prevails
among them. Such is the report which
northern fanatics make of the work they
have succeeded in accomplishing, by
means of the bloodiest war of history.
They have succeeded in putting the ne
groes into a position in which grim death
stares them in the face. They are in
want of everything, and especially in
want of coffins.
Polities or the Next Congress
The Congress of the United States at
its next session will stand politically
divided as follows, without the Senators
and members elected from the States
lately in rebellion: In the Senate there
are thirty-eight Union or Republican
Senators and eleven Democrats. Eleven
Southern States are at present unrepre
sented in the Senate, and these will be
entitled to twenty-two Senators, who
will, in all probability, vote with the
Democrats. In the House (exclusive of
the newly elected Southern members)
there are one hundred and forty three
Union or Republican members, and
forty-one Democrats. The Southern
States now unrepresented are entitled
to fifty-eight members, most of whom
will probably vote with the Democratic
side.
The Freedmen of Mobile
The Acting Mayor of Mobile, in au
order to the Chief of Police, after refer
ring to an order issued by the AV:it De
partment, October •'-1, stopping the issue
of rations to the destitute of Mobile, di
rects him to arrest all indigent and des
titute persons, and bring them before
him. He says :
" Your attention is particularly called
to the influx of idle and vagrant freed
men, and to their congregating in and
about the city. They are here in viola
tion of State and municipal statutes.
Thousandsare loitering about thecity in
idleness and destitution. Many of them
live by theft, and have become an in
sufferable nuisance to the community.
The evils proceeding from this state of
affairs are perceptible in the daily in
crease of crime, loathsome disease and
pauper burials."
Mr. Buchanan's Book
The Press of yesterday contained a
long and bitter assault upon the forth
coming book of ex-President Buchanan.
The Age to-day has the following item:
"We are authorized to say that the
statements made in several quarters,
that Mr. Buchanan's book has been
published, are utterly untrue. The fol
lowing telegram, from the eminent
house of D. Appleton & Co., received
yesterday, by a gentleman of this city,
shows that the advance sheets spoken
of have been surreptitiously obtained :
NEW You', 13.-Mr. Buchanan's
book is not published, and no copies have
been delivered to editors.
D. APPLETON d CO.
THE NEW issue of Treasury notes and
postal currency will be printed on what
is called " membrane paper "—a new
invention in the paper line—the success
ful imitation of which will baffle the
skill of the oldest counterfeiter. It will
be well nigh impossible to produce the
paper outside of the Treasury Depart
ment at Washington, and, from its tex
ture and finish, the least expert in
money will be able to distinguish the
genuine note. Not the leastof the many
excellencies of the new currency is the
fact that it will wash.
AN OFFICER in the old army, who
went South and joined the rebellion at
the outbreak, called upon the President
and asked for pardon. The President
informed him that he had not yet par
doned an officer, who had gone over:to
the South and taken up arms against
the North. He did not know what he
might do in the future, but for the pres
ent he held their cases under advise
ment.
A STORY IS GOING AROUND in the
Republican papers, which publish it
with evident satisfaction, " that the
three daughters of the late Chief Justice
Taney are left in a condition of poverty,
and that two of them have been serving
for a living." Simon Cameron's home
organ adds that "Judge Taney died a
poor man and left three daughters, and
their secession friends have notcared for
them as they should have done." We
believe Judge Taney did die a poor man,
having lived an honest one; but this
story about his daughters " serving for
a living" is, we are confident, entirely
untrue. Of one thing we are certain.
Tenderly as Taney's daughters may have
been reared; they would rather " serve
for a living" than eat bread stolen from
a Bureau of the War Department or
cover their nakedness with blankets
stripped from the back of a cold and
shivering Winnebago squaw.
THE RESIDENT PHYSICIAN of New
York city, Dr. Sayie, has submitted to
the Health Commissioners the results
of a personal examination he has made
of the disease which broke out on board
the steamship Atalanta and of the in
fected passengers. He says there can
be no doubt of the true name of the
disease, all the symtoms telling but
too plainly that it is the Asiatic cholera.
The passengers on the Atalanta, pro
voked by their detention at quarantine,
had addressed a letter to the Mayor of
New York, denying that the disease
which had broken out on the vessel was
choler?t. But Dr. Sayre's report settles
the question and shows that the au
thorities did right in preventing the
ship from coming up to the city.
HON. JACOB COLLAM.ER, U. S. Senator
from Vermont, died at his residence in
Woodstock, Vermont, on Wednesday
evening.
The High Prices.
Gentlemen who have been putting off
"the purchase of a new overcoat for a
year or two, in the expectation
that when this cruel war was
over they - would be able to buy one at
the old prices, are a good deal disap
pointed this fall to find that a tolerable
overcoat costa sixty dollars, and a good
one ninety. The old coats having been
lined, bound, cleaned, mended, but
toned, and collared, till the skill of no
tailor or dyer can make them decent
again, the distracted owners are asking
the question, with which Fourth-of-
July orators used to begin the conclu
sion of their orations, "And, now, fel
low-citizens, what • remains for us to
do?"
We must confess, says the New York
Weekly Review, that the high prices pre
vailing just now, seven months after
the peace, are not the entertainment to
which we supposed ourselves invited.
Housekeepers did not expect, at the
close of a productive season, to pay sixty
five cents a pound for butter; nor did
they suppose that coffee would cost
nearly as much with gold at 146, as it
did when gold was at 250. If coin is so
abundant, why are sausages thirty cents
a pound, which used to be eleven? With
farmers' barns stuffed and crammed
with a remarkably large hay-crop, why
has milk gone up again to twelve cents
a quart? Granting that apples and
pears are scarce, must a small pear, that
can be eaten in four bites, bring the re
tailer twenty-five cents? And is it
really true that a barrel of apples is
worth ten dollars? As tocoal, at twelve
dollars a ton, are the Pennsylvania
miners always on the strike? Last year
it was the canal that had given way;
this year the miners won't work. If
we ascend from coal to silk, we are met
with a similar story. Many respectable
ladies feel that existence without a black
silk dress (hanging on a peg in reserve
against possible contingencies) is not
worth having.
Last year, with a fortitude and self
denial of which women alone are capa
ble, they did without a new one, and
furnished up the old. What is their re
ward? Mr. Stewart tells them that the
cattle disease has got into the silkworms,
in consequence of which silk is as dear
as ever, and no one knows whether next
year there will be any silk at all. Some
thing has got into everything to make
it cheap. Pumpkin-pie—late resort of
the destitute—even pumpkin-pie is an
extensive luxury, since the eggs which
convert pumpkins from feed of pigs in-
to sustenance for man cost four cents
each.
What is the use of doing well, if we
have to expend all we get upon the ne
cessaries of life ? But most of us are not
doing pretty well. It is a fact, that any
family occupying a whole house, and
not having more than three thousand
dollars a year, is puzzled to live within
its income. Wages and salaries are
higher than they used to be, but they
have not been increased in anything
like a proportion to the increased cost of
living, and, we presume, more than half
of the working population of thecountry
receive their incomes in the form of
wages or salary.
We assure our readers that there is a
great deal of respectable pinching going
on at present, in houses that exhibit to
the passers-by a brilliant front door and
four stories of brown stone. When John
Van Buren said at Albany that it was
about as much as he could do to pay for
three meals a day and a lodging, the
audience laughed, as though it were a
joke. In his own case, it may or may
not be a joke, but he spoke what to very
many well-dressed people is rather a
grim reality.
AVe do, therefore, most earnestly de
sire that Congress, very early in the
coming session, will strike boldly at the
principal cause of the high prices—the
inflation of the currency. This infla
tion is the heaviest of all our taxes.
Not only does it keep up the price of
commodities, but by the fluctuations in
the price of gold it renders it difficult to
do business with certainty. Thesuper
abundance of money stimulates specu
lation, and compels every man to charge
an exorbitant profit in self-defense
There is one nuisance which a return
to specie payments will immediately
abate, and that is the dirty and illegible
rags which supply the place of silver
change. Three long years have passed
since these eyes of ours beheld a ten
cent piece. Where is thesilver gone ? In
whose cellar is it stored? Of what avail
are the toils of so many of our fellow
citizens in thesilver-mines of the South
west, if we cannot get enough to buy
our noon-day apple with? 0, Mr. Mc-
Culloch, 0, members of Congress, what
ever else you omit, prick the bursting
balloon of our currency, and give us
back our silver change!
The oil Business
The Philadelphia Ledger thus speaks
of the legitimate business of develop
ing oil territory as contradistinguished
fiom the speculation in oil stocks of fic
titious value:
Since the appearance of a paragraph
in the Ledger, a few weeks ago, allud
ing to the oil production in this State
and its increasing foreign shipments
from this port, already greatly exceed
ing that of all other commodities ship
ped hence, the business is attracting
more serious attention, the practical
operations in oil, as contradistinguished
from the speculations in oil shares of
fictitious value, proving to be of much
importance as a legitimate pursuit.
We have seen a statement going the
rounds of the press, though we do not
know from what source the facts pre
sented were derived, which sets down
the oil production of the present year
at one and a half millions of barrels.—
The exports from all the ports for the
year, to the Ist inst., have been 438,025
barrels, averaging 10,561 barrels per
week, and at the rate of 549,172 barrels
per year. These exports are about 37
per cent. of the• production, say about
1,464,458 barrels, and estimating the
average price at the well atslo per barrel,
it would follow that the value of the
year's product will be, say 515,000,000
From this is deducted 20 per cent. for
working expenses, leaving the net profit
upon the year's product $12,000,000.
Nearly the whole of this profit, be it
more or less, comes into Peun'a. Up to
this time, the oil regions in Virginiaand
Ohio have not been largely productive,
while the discovery of the oleaginous
liquid in our own State is steadily
spreading to new points, hundreds of
miles from the site where it was first
found in large quantities. This is a
matter of world-wide importance—it is
so much additional wealth, as the re
ward of enterprise and industry. It is
not probable, however, that oil is con
fined to even the broad limits of Penn
sylvania. It was announced last spring
that indications of its existence had
been discovered in California, and more
recently in Missouri. Of the latter, the
developments, from want of time, pro
bably, have not been very conclusive;
but from Los Angelos, in California, re
ports are said to be very favorable.
Secretary Stanton's Guard
A Washington correspondent of the
Cincinnati Commercial writes:
It is asingular fact that Secretary Stan
ton cannot so far recover from the belig
erent attitude which so well became him
while we were at war, as to dismiss the
military guard from his own private
residence. Passing by No. 820 K street,
yesterday, about noon-day, I encoun
tered a chap in blue Regimentals and
dirty white gloVes, strutting up and
down in front of the" palatial mansion"
of the Secretary of War, and in the alley
in the rear of the house was plainly au
dible the tramp, tramp of another arm
ed patrol, who soon came into view with
bayonet on shoulder, keeping guard over
his side of the fortification. Isn't it re
markable, that while the forts around
Washington are being dismantled, and
Lieutenant General Grant comes out
and goes everywhere unattended, the
Secretary of War should require to be
so constantly hedged in by bayonets?
Our War Minister seems to be the only
man in the country who can afford to
keep a private battery on his premises.
THE SPOT selected in Westminister
Abbey as the last resting place of Lord
Palmerston, is in the north transept,
where lie buried Castlereagh, Wilber
force, the Cannings,Charles James Fox,
the Earl of Chatham and his brilliant
son, and a host of worthies whose names
have adorned that country's ,history.—
The grave is close to the hideous monu
ment of Lord Chatham, at the great
north door, entering from St. Margaret's
churtkyard, and on the one side of the
gray% lies the body of Fox, and on, the
other those of the two William Pitte.
Colonel MCClure-and President Jo eon.
Colonel A. K. McClure 1/3 so well
known in this State that the account
which he gives of what transpire(' at a
recent interview between himself and
President Johnson will be read with
very great interest by men of all parties.
Below we give his report in full, as it
appeared in last week's Repository.
We cannot, noteven for politeness sake,
say we are sorry that the interview
seems to have been unsatisfactory to our
friend the Colonel. Of late he has seem
ed to be getting into close communion
with Stevens, Kelly and the extreme
radicals of his party. That Andy John
son should have boldly announced sen
timents not in conformity with those
politicians with whom Colonel McClure
is now most intimately associated, we
regard as a happy and favorable omen.
The gallant Colonel says candidly that
he has "occasion to complain of his own
work," as one of those "who fashioned
Andrew Johnson into a Vice President
at Baltimore." He seems to have been
annoyed by seeing one pardon seeker
after another come from the President's
apartments with evidences of success :
but neither this nor the conviction
forced upon him that Jeff. Davis would
never be hanged unless he hanged him
self, disgusted him so thoroughly as did
the plain and manly utterances of the
President in regard to reconstruction,
and the admission of the Southern del_
egates to Congress. If Colonel McClure
is to be believed, and no one who
reads his statement can fail to see
that he speaks the truth with sad
ness of heart, "the President, both
by word and deed, disclaims the
position of a partizan executive, and
is not insensible to the flattering
approval of his administration by the
Democratic party." The Colonel sees
the contest that is sure to come between
the President and the leaders of the
Republican party, and declares that
Andrew Johnson will separate him
self from the party which elected
him rather than give up his plan of re
construction. The whole country will
be glad to hear this announcement
made on such unquestionably good au-
thority as that of Colonel McClure. His
report will be read with interest by all,
and every conservative man in the na
tion 'will approve the sentiments ex
pressed by the President as eminently
wise and patriotic.
An Hour with Andrew Johnson
Editorial Correspondence of the Franklin Re
posilory.
- WASHINGTON, OCt. 31, 1865.
I was of those, in an humble way,
who fashioned Andrew Johnson into a
Vice President at Baltimore—having
publicly supported his nomination be
fore the meeting of the Convention and
voted for him in that body. I have
since then had occasion to complain of
my own work, and have never after
the inauguration, been free from grave
apprehensions as to the wisdom of that
choice. Differing with most men
who besiege the Executive department
in this very important particular, that
the administration has no honors I
aspire to, I may differ with, most of
them also alike in the frankness with
which I counsel, when invited to do so,
and in the convictions which result
from contact with rulers.
I found myself here on Friday for the
first time since February last, and dur
ing the afternoon of the same day, call
ed at the White House to see President
Johnson. I found the halls, the ante
chamber and all other available spaces
around the Executive room, crowded
with a motley mass of men, with an
anxious female face here and there giv
ing variety to the scene—all waiting,
and some from day to day, to gain an
interview with the President and plead
for restoration of citizenship and prop
erty. Soon the door opened and a gen
teel lady emerged from the President's
room with a large official envelope
clutched nervously in her hand, and a
benignity of countenance that told more
plainly than words that another citizen
had been born again to the Republic.—
Soon after another and then another
came with like trophies of success, and
as each one passed out the mass would
sway toward the door to catch the name
of the next one called. In a little time
I gained admission and had my first in
terview with Andrew Johnson as Presi
dent.
There are few men who could make a
more favorable impression upon a stran
ger on first acquaintance, than the Pres
ident. He differs from Mr. Lincoln in
most external characteristics, and in
many contrasts favorably. He lacks
Mr. Lincoln's jolly humor; improves
.upon his ungainly ways; is vastly more
diplomatic, and wears a uniform and
quiet dignity that would have been
shockingly out . of . place in his lamented
predecessor, but which well becomes
the Chief Executive of a great Nation.
He is about five feet ten in height,
rather stoutly and symmetrically built,
has long hair well silvered by the frosts
of time, rather a cold grey eye that
that looks as if in its calmest glances
there slumbers behind it quite enough
to quicken it; a finely chiseled Roman
face, usually sad in expression at times
relieved by a genial smile, and in man
ner and dress serenely plain and unaf
fected. Such is, in brief, a portrait of
Andrew Johnson, but two yearsago the
despised, the reviled of traitors ; the
man upon whose head fell their fiercest
denunciations and against whom were
hurled their keenest and deadliestshafts,
and now the President of the United
States with his foes at his feet suppli
cating his pardon, and charged with the
highest duties and responsibilities ever
imposed on mortal man.
He meets the visitor cordially, and
speaks in the softest tone and in well
measured sentences. There was little
formality—the usual greetings and
thence we passed to questions of graver
moment. However reticent he may be
on some issues, he seems to have no re
serve as to the policy he conceiv i es to be
the true one to bring back the insurgent
States. He discussed the position of
those States and their people with great
interest and occasional warmth, and
with a frankness that left no doubt as
to his purpose. He holds that they
were never out of the Union ; that se
cession, however accomplished as a fact,
cannot be accomplished in law; that
the supreme authority of the govern
mentin those States was not overthrown
by rebellion, but simply in abeyance,
and of course it logically follows his
premises that, since rebellion has ceased,
the States resume their proper place in
the Union and restoration is accom
plished. This, in brief, was the stand
point from which the President dis
cussed the question of reconstruction for
more than au hour, and answered sug
gestive objections at times with an
earnestness that demonstrated how ar
dently,he is working to givesuccess to his
policy. I could not but remind him
that his theory stripped all traitors of
the protection they might claim as public
enemies ; that it would stamp as guilty
of treason within the law, every man
who aided the rebellion, and of necessity
demand at his hands commensurate
punishment for what he must hold as
unmitigated crime—as appalling murder
and desolation for which there is no ex
tenuation to be plead. " You have," I
" added, given us on every hand the
" Nation's monuments of Mercy—where
" will be its monuments of Justice ?
" Davis is a proclaimed assassin, as well
" as a traitor—his agents have died, an
" other (Werze) will follow—how are
" the ,principals to atone to a people
" doubly bereaved in their homes and
" in .their cheif sanctuary of power ?"
To this the President answered with
much animation that the measure of,
and the time for, atonement were yet
for the future to determine. I shall
not soon forget the emphasis with
which he declared that the South
must come back and be a part
of us, and " it must come," he added,
"with all its manhood—l don't want it to
come eviscerated of its manhood!" To
this proposition abstractly there could be
no objection made. We want the South
with all its manhood, which I would con
ceive to be the Southern people with their
treason abandoned and theircrimes pun
ished—not punished revengefully ; not in
imitation of the Guillotine of France or
the Inquisition of Spain; but by making
the leaders who conspired to overthrow
the government, strangers to its honors
and its citizenship and thus through life
the monuments of the power, the jus
tice and the magnanimity of the mighti
est nation of the earth. The President
said that such may be the measure of
punishment; that he hadpardoned but
few who would, come under such a
rule ;- that there are excepti.Ona to all
rules, andtherewere both civil func
tionaries and army officers who might
be pardoned with propriety. He said
that he had not yet gone as far in his
amnesty, either general or special, as
Mr. Lincoln proposed. -He explained
what is not generally known, that his
pardons are mainly of business men,
many of whom were Union men, who
must have pardons to enable them to
sell or mortgage their lands, or to get
credit in their business operations; and
added that he had not yet reached the
consideration of such cases as Lee,
Stephens, Longstreet, Beauregard and
others of that class.
He spoke freely of the proposed trial
of Davis, and said that as yet the gov
ernment had not taken any steps in the
matter. If he is to be tried in Rich
mond, the trial must necessarily be
postponed until the civil authority is
fully restored, and then it will be a ques
tion for consideration under the condi
tion of affairs which may at that time
exist. As Virginia is still practically
under martial law, certainly wholly
under military rule, I judge that many
moons may wax and wane before we
can have a great State trial. I do not
question the wisdom of this delay, for
it is certainly better for the government
to avoid the danger of defeat in attempt
ing to convict of constructive treason in
Washington, than to force a trial which
might afford a technical escape for Davis
and leave the great questions undeter
mined. If I were going to guess on the
subject, I would say that Davis is more
likely to be paroled during the next
year than to be tried, and if he is ever
banged, he must do it himself.
The President is clearly adverse to
confiscation and that question is practi
cally settled. Whatever might be the
views of Congress, confiscation is not
possible with an Executive determined
ly hostile to it and with the pardoning
power in his hands. I infer, however,
that on this point Congress will har
monize with the Executive, as a num
ber of even the radical leaders, such as
Greeley and Sumner, openly oppose it.
If our credit can be sustained otherwise
I am content. Five years hence we
shall all be wiser on that point than
now.
I believe that the President will wield
all his power to effect the admission of
the representatives of the rebellious
States into Congress during the next
session. The Senate being organized
the question cannot come up there un
til it is brought up in order ; but there
will be a strong pressure to force the
admission of the Southern members by
placing their names on the roll when
the House meets. This Mr. McPherson
will not do, and on all votes of instruc
tions he will call only those who are
returned from States clearly entitled to
representation. The law forbids him
to do otherwise, and he will be faithful
to it. The question of their admission
will then agitate the house, and I fear
make a sad breach between the Presi
dent and Congress. The South is en
couraged by the position of the admin
istration to be importunate in its de•
mand for admission, and it is not im
probable that it will in the end be ad
mitted. I have seldom seen
Congress struggle against power
and hold out to the end. The his
tory of such conflicts is always dotted
with frail ones who fall by the way. I
have ever felt that the revolted States
should take no part in the government
they vainly sought to destroy until all
issues arising from the war, and all its
logical results should be settled by faith
ful men. To the victors, not to the van
quished—to the friends, not to the foes
of the government does this duty
belong, and if it shall be otherwise,
there are many who will tremble for the
safety of the Republic.
On the future of the freedmen the
President talks well. He displays more
sense than sentiment on the question,
and means to solve the problem fairly
as demanded by civilization and
humanity. Of their abilty to win a po
sition that will enable them to be incor
porated into our system of government
as citizens, he is not eminently hopeful,
but feels that it must be fairly tried
with an open field for the negro. That
failing, he looks upon colonization as
the only alternative.
It would be foolish to disguise the
fact that the President, both by word
and deed, disclaims the position of a
partizan Executive, and that lie is not
insensible to the flattering approval
of his administration by the Democratic
party. I do not mean by this that
he is in sympathy and fellowship with
them; but I do mean that he is
not wholly in sympathy against them •
and he will, I feel warranted in saying,
adhere to the political fortunes of the
Southern States without regard to po
litical consequences. This may or may
not sever him from the party that sus
tained and cherished him in the dark
est days through which he passed, and
that won him the highest honors of the
Nation through a flood of obloquy ; nut
if it does, I infer that he will accept the
situation. He evidently means above
'all other things, to compass the admis
sion of the Southern members :and the
complete restoration to power of those
States, and if Massachusetts and South
Carolina can strike handsover the same
administration, then will We have a
faithful President and a harmonious
country. If not I leave the future to
tell the story. Where in all this record
soon to be made up the Nation shall
see that "treason is the greatest of
crimes and must be punished," is not
to my mind apparent. A. K. 31.
Gold in Pennsylvania
There has been, as our readers are
aware, a great deal of talk of late, about
the gold being found in Greene county,
in this State. The good people in that
locality are waking up in a lively man
ner to the bright prospects that glimmer
before them. From the certified report
of the officers of the U. S. Mint in Phil
adelphia, it will be seen that the en
thusiasm of the Greene county people is
not entirly without foundation, for there
is indeed gold in Greene county, and of
extraordinary richness.
" Report of the examination of a small
specimen of Ore brought by Mr. F. W.
Corinth, of Philadelphia, and stated to
be from Greene county, Pa.
" The Ore is Sulpheret of Iron and
Lead in quartz which appears upon
hasty inspection so much like the pyrite
as to be easily mistaken or overlooked.
" It was assayed in three parcels of
various weights from about 14 grains to
3 pennyweights, and by different
methods, either of which give accurate
results. These results show much ir
regularity as to the amount of precious
metal, but in any case a very extraordi
nary richness and the largest parcel pro
duced the highest return. The results
are as follows :
" The amounts are per pound Avoir
dupois and it should be stated that the
silver returned, is present as a natural
alloy of the Gold, making it somewhat
pale, the fineness of the Gold is from 796
to 816 (thousands,) about 191 Carats.
One part gave per pound,
$.9 40 in Gold,
13 in Silver.
;38 53 Total per pound
Another part gave per pound,
$l6 00 in Gold,
26 in Silver.
$l6 26 per pound.
The Third and largest part
$B7 90 in Gold,
1 00 in Silver.
CSR 90 per pound.
[Signed by] J. R. ECKFELDT,
Assayer
U. S. Mint, Phil'a, Oct. 21, 1865.
The Waynesburg, (Green county)
Messenger says:
"We had the pleasure lately of see
ing in the possession of Joseph G. Ritch
ie, of our town, several specimens of
what is supposed to be Gold ore from the
`Maple Run Well.' These specimens,
unlike those discovered in other wells,
are not found in the quartz rock, but in
a soft slate rock. The depth at which
these specimens were procured is about
three hundred feet.
Mr. Ritchie has also a very fine speci
men of gold-bearing quartz rock from
the `Stella Well,' which be is about to
send to Philadelphia to have it tested in
the Assayer's Labratory. We trust
that it may indeed prove `pure gold tried
in the fire.' "
TUE JEWS have, as a body, shown
their full share of patriotism. The num
ber of Jews in the United States army
during the late war was 40,000. They
have established five asylums for dis
abled soldiers, their widows and or
phans, the benefits of which are limited
to no faith or creed—one at New York,
one at Philadelphia, one at Cincinnati,
one at Chicago, and one sq St. Louis.
le~CDsrL9=- - Hie'Tilsl: "'~ - - - ~ ~
Messrs. Speed, Rousseau, Everts, and
others, counsel for the Government, an
nounced in a New York paper as positively
determined on, was true in August, but is
not true now. Public opinion has changed
since then, and Government measures
always follow public opinion. It is admit
ted as a fact that any trial in a Southern
State would be a farce.
It is equally a fact that the Southern
States unanimously desire his pardon; that
the majority of the Democratic party
hold the same opinion, and now that the
leaders of the radical wing of the Republi
can party have exnressed the same wish, it
is believed it will be taken for granted that
amajority of the nation are opposed to his
punishment. —N. Y. Tribuue.
To sacrifice Mr. Davis would be to
make him a martyr, and give his
memory a power which he living can
never acquire. The act would be un
worthy of a great and powerful gov
ernment. It is but just to say that Mr.
Davis did not belong to the party of ex
treme and original secessionists. He
was originally opposed to the measure.
In the South, before the war, he was
regarded as a conservative, however
much we may astonish some people by
the assertion.
It is thus admitted that public opinion
in this country is decidedly against the
idea of punishing Mr. Davis, and con
sequently is in favor of his pardon. We
hope he will be. We see no reason why
Mr. Davis should not be, butmany why
he should be. It will be good policy. It
will gratify the Southern people, or at
least great numbers of them, and even
those who opposed most strongly the
war, and who were life-long opponents
of the doctrine of secession which Davis
professed. It would be a victory over
their hearts, a victory over passion and
vengeance. It would ti nd strongly to
cement together the Union, and be an
additional proof that the Government
is earnest in its endeavors to blot out
the past and to look only to the future.
It would prove that the Government re
gards the Southern people as a part of
the people of the United States and re
spects their opinions and prejudices ac
cordingly.
Upon his memoitible tour to New
England, he described in one of his
speeches the secessionists of the South
as the "mosquitoes that sing around the
ox," for which bovine simile he was
soundly belated, and in no very gentle
or complimentary terms, by the extre
mists of Mississippi. They even went
so far as to call him a ." traitor to the
South." When the conspirators felt
that their hour had come, the hour for
which they had long labored, for "pre
cipitating the South into a revolution,"
they never exhibited more skill than in
selecting Mr. Davis as their standard
bearer. They selected him because he
was a conservative, as they calculated
and calculated rightly that his name
would reconcile many to the movement
who would otherwise have bitterly op
posed it. His conservatism, his general
purity of character, and his military
ability as evinced in the Mexican war,
were the reasons which prevailed with
the more astute precipitators and caused
them to fix upon Col. Davis as their
leader. It is not perhaps generally
known that there was bitter opposition
to him in the Montgomery Convention
and that he was successful only by the
change of a single name. The candi
date of the Simon Pures was ToOmbs.
Alexander H. Stephens was selected
for the Vice-Presidency of the Confed
eracy, for the same general reasons
which prevailed in the case of Davis,
viz.: because it was thought that his
identification with the cause would
disarm to a great extent opposition, as
it did. Thus it turned out that the real
originators of the strife in the South,
those who had been long holding other
issues subordinate and that of revolu
tion supreme, when the terrible ordeal
came took back seats, and did not, ex
cept to a very limited extent and in an
unimportant sense, guide the whirl
wind which they had raised. This is
often the case. But we have said more
than we designed.
It is a gratifying and suggestive re
flection that as time elapses the public
sentiment of the country becomes more
and more disposed toward a magnani
mous and conciliatory course. With
time, passions die out, the desire for
rigor and vengeance diminishes.
In cannot be concealed, in this con
nection, that the good conduct of the
Southern peoplegenerally ; their prompt
acceptance of the issues of the war, and
their return with so much promptness
and alacrity to their allegiance as citi
zens of the United States, have had not
a little to do with the growth of the
magnanimous feeling we refer to the
East and West and Middle States, and
the wish on the part of the conservative
masses generally for the pardon not
only of those who had acted in the war
against the Government in subordinate
capacities, but of the leaders of the re
volt themselves. Many of these have
already paid the debt of nature, and are
beyond the jurisdiction of any earthly
tribunal ; and those who promoted the
revolt in a small way have in a multi
tude of instances, almost universally in
fact, been sorely punished for their
course. They have eaten of the bitter
fruit of the tree which they planted and
cultivated. If punishment is what is
desired, then indeed have they been
punished The voice of humanity
cries out, " Hold, enough." Let the
sword be stayed, and let mercy now be
heard. We believe the pardon of Mr.
Davis could not possibly do any harm
in this country, but would greatly exalt
the Government and our institutions in
the eyes of the whole eivilized world.
Policy demands it, no less than hu
manity and good sense.
If the demands of those who shout
perpetually that " treason must be pun
ished" were to be complied with, and
if " treason " is opposition to the Con
stitution and the Union, then assuredly
not a few of those very persons would
fall before the sword of justice. If this
definition of treason be correct, many
of them have been the most blatant
traitors the country has ever held. They
at least ought to hold their shameless
tongues. They are guilty, and every
honest, intelligent man in the Republic
knows it. The sword they call for is
two-edged, and cuts both ways. They
of all others should avoid it.—Louisville
Journal.
The'Currency of San Francisco
Mr. Bowles, of the Springfield Re
publican, speaks of the currency of Cali
fornia in his last letter from that region.
Utah and Colorado have the paper
money of the East in use, but all the
States and Territories to the westward
use only gold and silver. Mr. Bowles
says:
" Paper money has been kept out by
the force of a very obstinate public
opinion and the instrumentality of State
legislation. Our national currency of
greenbacks are here simply as merchan
dise; you buy and sell them at the
brokers for about seventy-five cents in
coin to the dollar. Of course, being
made a `legal tender' by United States
law, it is competent to pay a debt here
with them ; but no man who should do
this once, without the sum being made
proportionately larger, of course, could
henceforth have any credit or standing
in the mercantile community. All large
and long credits are now coupled wjth
an express stipulation that they are
on a specie footing, and a law of the
State, known as the 'specie-contract
act,' protects such arrangements. But
public opinion so far, and in all the
small daily transactions of trade, is the
great and controlling law on the sub
ject."
The Bonnet Question
The ladies are rebelling against the
winter fashion for bonnets. The prin
cipal of a wholesale millinery house in
forms us that his customers never pur
chased "bonnet frames" with equal re
luctance. The buggy-top pattern require
a large amount of materials, and makes
a very small show for it. Moreover the
show, when it is made, is any
thing but graceful. To construct a bon
net over the gig-top frame requires
three-fourths of a yard of material,
with ribbons and lace and flowers,
ad infinitum. The small bonnets
of last summer, that made quite as
much display, and were tenfold more
graceful, required less than half a yard
of material. The consequence is that
the fashion dictated to the ladies is not
accepted as fashions generally are, and
that a good many dames and demoiselles
are in open rebellion, and refuse to ac
cept the dispensation of the Empress
Eugenie for the winter of the year of
our Lord 1865. This unacceptable
mode makes the millinery trade com
paratively dull, and many a discarded
bonnet will be revamped this winter,
that, were the fashion more acceptable,
would find its way into the rag-bag.—
Philadelphia News.
THE VERMONT Legislatureadjourned
eine die at 8 o'clock on Thursday morn
ninge
..F, .
'rOm the ' October report of the Cornte
missioner of Agriculture we compile the -
following comparative statement of the
undermentioned crops in the years
stated. The returns are from all the
States excepting those lately in rebellion
and exclusive of those on the Pacific
coast.
1863. 1864. 1865.
Wheat, (bus.) 179,404,036 160,695,523 14&522.828
Rye, " 20762,782 19,672,975 19,543,9%
Barley, " 11, 3 68,155 10,M2,178 11,391,286
Oats, " 173,800,575 176,680,064 22 ,252,295
Hay, (tons,) 19,736,847 18,116,751 23,538,740
While the crops of oats and hay are
greater than in any former year, tne
yield of wheat, rye and barley is less
than in 1863 and 1864. In all cases,
however, the crops are more bountiful
than in 1860, the year before the war.
There are no figures in the report from
which to estimate the corn crop of 1865,
but Mr. Newton, the Commissioner,
says it has never before been equalled.
All the fall crops are reported to be in
good condition. In the Northern States
there is an improvement in the yield of
cotton, but in the South it is much in
jured from worms and rain. He reports,
also, a material decrease of fatted cattle
in nearly all the States. Canada, it is
said, has better crops than usual of late
years. Concerning the English harvests,
the Commissioner quotes the following
from the Mark Lan e Ex - press, of October
2d:
"The last week in September has closed
in brilliant sunshine and summer heat,
giving such an opportunity to the North for
harvest purposes as very seldom occurs,
and serving somewhat to abate the general
fears about the deficiency of the crops of the
kingdom :it a period when the prospect of
foreign imports has materially lessened.
Nearly all that was upon the ground before
the sickle i r the scythe began their work
has now been housed, and though much is
in poor condition, the damage by actual
sprouting has been small. As a nation,
therefore, we have been signally favored,
and we doubt not that a willing tribute of
thanksgiving has been sent up from a mul
titude of hearts. There is a timely increase
of live stock in Ireland, and hence a mate
rial increase of human food at a time when
this will be sure to fetch its price to grow
ers, and be a signal benefit to the kingdom.
Our belief that the late depression in new
wheat had run its term (of low prices) has
been justified by the state of the market,
which throughout the country, with im
proved condition in the samples, has reach
ed to fully 24 cents per 480 pounds; but the
more we • hear of the potato crop, the less as
surance have we of its keeping qualities. In
some localities the whole growth has been
lost."
From this it will be seen that the En
lish harvest has probably not been so
short as anticipated, and it is believed
that a considerable quimtity of the old
crops remain over. As to the effect the
cattle plague may have in increasing
the consumption of breadstuffs, no
opinion is given.—Ledger.
Difficulties in Gathering the Cotton Crop
---The Freedmen Obstreperously Inde
pendent, According to the Texas Pa-
pers.
From the Houston (Texas) Telegraph of 25th.]
We have just returned from a trip to.
Washington county, and found the
drought had nearly ruined the corn.
crops, and it is estimated that only one
half a crop will be made this season..
The same will prove true of the potato
crops. Cotton looks well, and we have,
been informed by old citizens that7they
never before seen such a fine and heavy
yield as this season. We hear loud
complaints everywhere of the scarcity
of hands to pick it and save it; and we
saw acres of the finest cotton that ever
grew dropping off the bolls, and wast
ing for the want of hands to save it.
The planters made contracts with
their former slaves to remain with them
and save the crops, but they proved un
faithful and deserted the first oppor
tunity. Thousands of bales of splendid
cotton will be lost in Washington
county by this cause, and the neighbor
ing counties are no better off. We have
heard good judges estimate the loss by
this cause throughout the State to be
40,000 bales. It is a deplorable night to
witness large cotton fields waisting.
The weather has been beautiful for
picking for some time past, but the ne
groes left at the very time they were
needed. We have heard some of the
largest and wealthiest planters say they
would not hereafter depend on this kind
of labor, but they would rent their plan
tations to enterprising German emi
grants and give them a liberal share of
the crops. We find that many of the
largest planters in Washington county
are satisfied that the labor of freedmen
can no longer be profitable, for the reason
that it cannot be depended upon when.
wanted. Many planters have com
menced ginning and baling this season's
crop and rushing it alto market. The
high prices cotton commands stimulates.
them to sell now. Every station on the
Central and Washington county hail
roads is crowded with cotton bales, and
the railroads cannot ship it off as fast as
it comes for the want of sufficient roll
ing -stock.
I Boy Shoots Both Ills Parents and then
Kills Himself.
A shocking tragedy occurred in the
town of Caledonia, Racine county on
John
Stitesky,
night. A boy named
Stitesky, the only son of a respectable
Bohemian residing near the Chicago
and Milwaukee Railroad track, in the
the northern part of Caledonia, Racine.
county, committed one of the most atro
cious and cold-blooded acts of combined
parricide and homicide that has ever
been recorded in the annals of crime.,
The circumstances are as follows:
The father, who was a farmer in ex
cellent circumstances, had been labor
ing in the woods during the day, and
had come in at nightfall for his supper.
The meal was prepared, and the mother
called John, who is an only son, about
nineteen years old, to come in to tea.
The aged couple sat down to their meal,
thinking the boy would presently join
them, when suddenly a shot was fired
through the window pane of the room,
and the father was struck by the ball in
the left arm, completely shattering it at
elbow. The mother started up, and at
the same instant another reportresound
ed, and she was struck in the abdomen
by a bullet, which passed completely
through her body !
In another moment another discharge
was heard in the yard, and the father,
who with parental instincts divined the
nature and effect of the third shot,
summoned strength enough to get out
of doors, where he found his son welter
ing in his blood, and already gasping
his last! He had murdered both his
aged parents with the two barrels of
one gun and had shot himself through
the body with another weapon, ending
his life almost instantly.
As the reader has already surmised,
the boy, author of this terrible tragedy-,
was not sound in mind, although he
has never been noticeably insane. We
conversed with a neighbor who knows.
the family well, who assured us that the
boy had never been crazy. He has,
at intervals, though he has never been
violent, or been considered at all dan
gerous.—Millwaukcc Sentinel, 3d.
The Freedmen
A lady agent of the Michigan Freed
men's Relief Association has just re
turned from a trip to Harper's Ferry,
where she has been engaged in the
gratuitous distribution of about one
thousand dollars worth of quartermas
ters' stores among the Indigent whites
and freedmen of that neighborhood.
Eleven hundred and fifty-two deaths
among the colored population of the
District of Columbia are reported since
the Ist of January last up to October 31.
The Freedmen'sl3ureaulas just comple
ted the following statistics regarding
the blacks over which itexercises direct
control: Total number of freedmen in
Washington, 15,000; in Alexandria, 7,
500; living in freedmen's village, 1,069,
on Government farms in Maryland,
501; in Loudon county, Virginia, 6,000;
in Fairfax county, 3,ooo—making a to
tal of 373,070.
The medical department of the bu
reau gives the following figures; Out of
the above number of freedmen there
were 2,445 under medical cure during
the month of October, of which there
are 778 now under treatment.
Officers of the Veteran Reserve Corps.
It has been ascertained that eighty
five per cent. of the six hundred and
forty officers of the V( teran Reserve
Corps have been wounded in battle,
some of them as many as seven times.
Five per cent. became disabled from
other causes, and teu per cent. from die
eases contracted in the line of duty.
Ninety-ores underwent amputations,
There were eight dissections of the arm
and sixteen lost an eye. There is a
probability that this corps will be made
permanent by the ensuing Congress, as
they have rendered important service
in war. It is net doubted, they will effi
ciently perform their duty in time or
peaces