guttingtow*
ruszasmar MERV' WEDIiZEIDAY By
COOPER, sAND_EusoN it Co.
J. M. Cdopmal.,
H. G Mars;
SA.ISMICILSON.
Wx. BiorrTON,
TERMS—Two Dollars and Fifty Cents per
annum, payable all cases in advance.
OFFICE-SOUTHWEST COINER OF CENTRE
SQUARE: • • '
air All letters on business should be ad
dressed to COOPER, Sarronnson & Co.
/Marg.
The Thunder Storiri
I never was a man of feeble courage.
There are but few scenes of either hu
man or elemental strife upon which I
have not looked with a brew of daring.
I have stood in front of battle, when the
whirlwind was rending oaks from their
rocky cliffs, and scattering them to the
clouds. I have seen these things with
a swelling soul that knew not of danger;
but there is something in the thunder's
voice that makes me tremble like a
child. I have tried to overcome this
unmanly weakness. I have called perdi
to my aid; I have even sought to
strengthen moral courage in the lessons
of philosophy, but it avails me nothing.
At the first low moaning of the distant
cloud, my heart shrinks, quivers, and
dies within me.
My dread of thunder had its origin in
an incident that occured when I was a
boy of ten years. I had a cousin, a girl
of the same age of myself, who had been
the constant companion of my child
hood. Strange that after the lapse of
so many years, that countenance should
be so familiar to me. I can see the
bright young creature, her eyes flashing
like a beautiful gem, her free locks
streaming as with joy upon the rising
gale; her cheek glowing like a ruby
through transparent snow. Her voice
had the melody and joyousness of a
bird's, and when she bounded over the
woodland hill, or fresh green valley,
shouting a glad answer to every voice of
nature, and clapping her little hands,
in the very ecstacy of young existence,
she looked as if breaking away, a free
nightingale from the earth, arid going
off where all things are beautiful and
happy like her.
It was morning in the middle of Au
gust. The little girl had been passing
some days at my father's house, and she
was now to return home. Her path lay
across the fields, and I gladly became
the companion of her walk. I never
knew a summer morning more beauti
ful and still. Only one cloud was visi
ble, and that seemed as pure, and white,
and peaceful, as if it had been the in
cense smoke of some burning censor of
the skies. The leaves hung silent in the
woods, the waters in the bay forgot their
undulating, the flowers were bending
their heads as if dreaming of the rain
bow and dew, and the atmosphere was
such a soft and luxurious sweetness that
it seemed a cloud of roses scattered down
by the hand of a Peri, from the far-off
garden of Paradise. The green earth
and blue waters lay abroad in their
boundlessness, and the peaceful sky
hung over them. The little creature at
my side was in a delirium of happiness,
and her sweet voice came ringing out
upon the air as often as she heard the
note of some favorite bird or found
some strange and lovely flower in her
frolic wanderings. The unbroken and
almost supernaturul tranquility of the
day lasted until noon. Then, for the
first time, indications of an approach
ing tempest was manifest. Over the
summit of a mountain, at the distance
of about a mile, the folds of a large
cloud became suddenly visible, and at
the same instant a hollow roar came
down on the winds as if it had been the
sound of waves in a rocky cavern. The
clouds rolled on like a banner unfolded
upon the air, but still the atmosphere
was as calm and the waves as motion
less as before, and there was not even
a quiver upon the sleeping waters
to tell of the hurricane. The tempest
was inevitable. As the only resort, we
fled to a mighty oak that stood at: the
foot of the precipice. Here we remained
and gazed breathlessly upon the clouds
marshaling themselves like bloody
giants in the sky. The thunder was
not frequent, but every burst was so
fearful that the young creature who
stood beside me, shut her eyes convul 7
sively, clung with desperate strength to
my arm, shrieked as if her heart would
break. In a few minutes thestorm was
upon us. During the height of its fury,
the little girl lifted fingers toward the
precipice that towered over us—l looked
and saw an amethysine peak the next
moment the clouds opened and the
mountain tottered to its foundation ; a
roar like the groan of the universe filled
the air, and I felt myself blinded and
thrown I knew not whither.
How long I remained insensible I can
not tell; but when consciousness re
turned, the violence of the tempest was
abating, the roaring of winds was dying
on the tree-tops, and the deep tones of
the thunder-cloud came in fainting
murmurs from the eastern hills. I rose
and looked tremblingly and almost de
lirously around. She was there, the
dear idol of my infant love,stretched out
on the earth. After a moment of irres
olution, I went up andlooked upon her.
The handkerchief upon her neck was
slighly rent. A single rent, and a single
dark spot upon her bosom, told where
the pathway of death had been.
At first I clasped her to my breast
with a cry of agony, and then laid her
down and gazed upon her face with al
most feelings of calmness. Her bright
disheveled ringlets clustered around her
brow ; the look of terror had faded from
her lips, and infantsmiles were pictured
there ; the red rose tinge upon her cheek
was lovely as in life, and I pressed it to
my own ; the fountains of tears were
opened, and I wept as if my heart was
water. I have but a dim recollection of
what follows ; I know that I remained
weeping and motionless till the coming
twilight, and I was taken tenderly by
the hand and led away where I saw the
countenance of parents and sisters.
Many years have gone by on the
wings of light and shadows , but the
scene I have portrayed still comes over
me with a terrible distinctness. The
oak yet stands at the. base of the preci
pice, but its limbs are black and dead,
and the hollow trunk looks upward to
the sky—as if calling to the clouds for
drink—as an emblem of decay.
One year ago I visited the spot, and
the thoughts of bygone years came
mournfully to me. I thought of the
little innocent being who fell by my
side like some beautiful tree of spring,
rent up by the whirlwind in
the midst of its blossoming. But I re
membered—and oh ! there was joy in
the memory—that she had gone where
no lightnings slumber in the rainbow
cloud, and where the sunlight waters
are broken only by the storm-breath of
Omnipotence.
My readers will understand why I
shrink in terror from thunder. Even
the consciousness of security is no relief
to me—my fears have assumed the na
ture of an instinct, and seem indeed
part of my existence.—George D. Pren
tice.
—The witness Conover„ whose disappear
anre Was noticed among, our. new items
yesterday, turned up in New York on Mon-
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VOLUME 66.
Spare Momenta.
A lean, awkward boy came one morn
ing to the door of the principal of a
celebrated school, and asked to see him.
The servant eyed his mean clothes and
thinking he looked more like a beggar
than anything else, told him to go
around to the kitchen. The boy did
as he was bidden, and soon appeared at
the back door.
" You want a breakfast, more like,"
said the servant girl, and I can give
you that without troubling him.
" Thank you," said the boy, "I should
have no objection to a bite, but I should
like to see Mr. , if he can see me."
" Some old clothes may be you want,"
remarked the servant, again eyeing the
boy's patched clothes. " I guess he has
none to spare, he gives away a sight,"
and without minding the boy's request,
she went away about her work.
" Can I see Mr. ?" again asked
the boy, after finishing the bread and
butter.
" Well, he is in the library ; if he
must be disturbed he must, but he does
like to be alone sometimes," said the
girl in a peevish tone. She seemed to
think it very foolish to admit such an
ill-looking fellow into her master's
presence. However,she wiped her hands
and bade him follow. Opening the
library door, she said :
" Here's somebody, sir, who is dread
ful anxious to see you, and so I let him
in."
I don't know how the boy introduced
himself, or how he opened business, but
I know that after talking awhile, the
principal put aside the volume which
he was studying, and took up some
Greek books and began to examine the
new corner. The examination lasted
some time. Every question which the
principal asked the boy, was answered
readily.
" Upon my word," exclaimed the
principal, " you certainly do well,"
looking at the boy from head to foot,
over his spectacles. " Why, my boy,
where did you pick up so much ?"
" In my spare moments," answered
the boy.
Here he was, poor, hard working,
with but a few opportunities for school
ing, yet almost fitted for college, by
simply improving his " spare moments."
Truly, are notspare moments the " gold
dust of time ?" How precious they
should be? What account can you
show for them ? Look and see. This
boy can tell you how very much can be
laid up by improving them, and there
are many other boys, I am afraid, in
jail, in the house of correction, in the
forecastle of a whale ship, in the tippling
shop, who, if you shouldask them when
they began their sinful courses, might
answer, " in my spare moments."
"In my spare moments I gambled
for marbles. In my spare moments I
began to smoke and drink. It was in
my spare moments that I gathered
wicked associates."
Oh, be careful how you spend your
spare moments? Temptation always
hunts you out in seasons like these.
When you are not busy, he gets into
your hearts, if he possibly can, in just
such gaps. There he hides himself,
planning all sorts of mischief. Take
care of your " spare moments."
Marriage
Marriage is a school and exercise of
virtue, and though marriage has cares,
yet the single life has desires, which are
more troublesome and more dangerous,
and often end in sin, while the cares
are but instances of duty and exercises
of piety; and therefore if single life has
more privacy of devotion, 'yet marriage
has more necessities and more varieties
of it ; it is an, exercise of more graces.
Marriage is the proper scene of piety
and patience, of the duty of parents and
the charity of relations; here kindness
is spread abroad, and love is united and
made firm as a centre.
Marriage is the nursery of Heaven.
The virgin sends prayers to God, but
she carries but one soul to him; but the
state of marriage fills up the number of
the elect, and has in it the labor of love
and the delicacies of friendship, the
blessings of society, and the union of
hands and hearts. It has in it less of
beauty but more of safety than the single
life; it has more care but less danger; it is
more merry and more sad ; it is
fuller of sorrows and fuller of joys ; it
lies under more burdens, but it is sup
ported by all the strength of love and
charity, and those'. burdens are delight
ful. Marriage is the mother of the world,
and preserves kingdoms, and fills cities,
and churches, and Heaven itself. Celi
bacy, like the fly in the heart of the ap
ple, dwells in perpetual sweetness, but
sits alone, and is confined and dies in
singularity; but marriage, like the use
ful bee, builds a house and gathers sweet
ness from every flower, and labors and
unites into societies and republics, and
sends out armies, and feeds the world
with delicacies, and obeys their king
and keeps order, and exercises many
virtues, and promotes - the interest of
mankind, and is that state of good things
to which God has designed the present
constitution of the world.
Comfortable Reflection for Fat Men.
It is notable in criminal statistics that
no fat man was ever convicted of the
'crime of murder. Stout persons are not
revengeful; nor, as a general thing, are
they agitated by gusts of passion. Few
murderers weigh more than ten stone.
There are, however, exceptions which
justify us in assuming eleven as the ut
most limit of the sliding scale, but be
yond that there is no impulse towards
homicide. Seldom has such a phe
nomenon as a fat house-breaker been
paraded at a criminal bar. It is your
lean, wiry fellow, who works with the
skeleton keys, forces himself through
closet windows which seemingly would
scarce suffice for the entrance of the
necessary cat, steals with noiseless
step along the lobby and by
the stairs, glides into the cham
ber sacred for more than a half a
century to the chaste repose of the gen
tle Tabitha, and with husky voice, and
the exhibition of an enormous carving
knife, commands silence on pain of in
stant death, and delivery of her cash
and jewels. It is your attenuated thief
that insinuates himself under beds, be
hind counters, dives into tills, or makes
prey of articles of commerce arrayed at
shop doors for the temptation of credu
lous passers. A corpulent burglar is as
much out of place and as little to be
feared as was Falstaff, at Gadsill—and
what policeman ever yet gave chase to
a depredator as bulky as a bullock ?
Corpulence, we maintain, is the outward
sign not only of a good constitution but
of inward rectitude and virtue.
The number of the United States war
vessels on the Atlantic sea-board has been
ordered to be reduced from 600 to about 90.
The West Gulf Squadron is to be reduced
to 20, and the Miasigeippi Squadrou to 15
veeeela,
Heading Off a Lawyer.
Rufus Choate, in an importantmarine
assault-and-battery at sea case had Dick
Barton, chief mate of the clipper-ship
Challenge, on the stand, andobadgered
him so for about an hour, that at last
Dick kot his salt water up, and hauled
by the wind to bring the keen Boston
lawyer under his batteries.
At the beginning of his testimony
Dick had said that the night was "dark
as the devil, and raining like seven
Suddenly Mr. Choateasked him—
" Was there a moon that night?"
"Yes, sir."
" Ah, yes ! a moon—
" Yes, a full moon."
"Did you see it?"
"Not a mite."
"Then how do you know there was
a moon ?"
"Nautical almanac said so, and I'll
believe that sooner than any lawyer in
this world."
"What was the principle luminary
that night, sir ?"
Binnacle lamp aboard the Chal-
lenge."
"Ah, you are growing sharp, Mr.
Barton."
"What in blazes have you been
grinding me this hour for—to make me
dull?"
"Be civil, sir. And now tell me in
what latitude and longitude you crossed
the equator in ?"
"Sho ! You are joking."
"No, sir! I am in earnest, and desire
you to answer me."
"I shan't."
"Ah, you refuse, do you ?"
"Yes—l can't."
"Indeed! You are chief mate of
clippership, and unable to answer so
simple a question?"
"Yes ; 'tis the simplest question I ever
had asked me. Why I thought every
fool of a lawyer knew there aint no lati
tude on the equator."
That shot floored Rufus Choate.
Eight to Sixteen
Lord Shaftsbury recently stated, in a
public meeting in London, that he had
ascertained from personal observation
thatof adult male criminals in that city,
nearly all had fallen into a course of
crime between the ages of eight and six
teen years; and that if a boy lived an
honest life up to twenty years of age,
there were forty-nine chances in his
favor and only one against him, as toan
honorable life thereafter. .
This is a fact of startling importance
to fathers and mothers, and shows a
fearful responsibility. Certainly a pa
rent should secure and exercise abso
lute control over his child until sixteen
—it cannot be a very difficult matter to
do this, except in very:rare cases ; and
if that control is not wisely and effici
ently exercised, it must be the parent's
fault—it is owing to parental neglect or
remissness. Hence the real source of
ninety-eight per cent. of the crime in a
country such as England or the United
States lies at the door of the parents.
It is a fearful reflection,; we throw it
before the minds of the fathers and
mothers of our land, and there leave it
to be thought of in wisdom, remarking
only, as to the early seeds of disease,
that in nearly every case they are sown
between sundown and bedtime, in
absence from the family circle, in the
supply of spending money never earned
by the spenders, opening the doors of
confectioneries and soda fountains, or
beer and tobacco and wine shops, of the
circus, the negro minstrel, the restau
rant, and dance ; then follows the Sun
day excursion, the Sunday drives, the
easy transition to the company of those
whose ways lead down to the gates of
social, physical, moral ruin.
From " eight tosixteen !" in these few
years are the destinies of children fixed
in forty-nine cases out of fifty—fixed by
parents ! Let every father and mother
solemnly vow : " By God's help I'll fix
my darling's destiny for good by mak
ing home more attractive than the
streets."
" Woodman, spare that tree!" popular
as it may be in song, ought to be more
familiar and popular with all who are
possessors of trees. How beautiful—
most beautiful of earth's adornments—
are trees. Waving out on the hills and
down in the valleys, in wild wood or
orchard, or singly by the wayside ; God's
spirit and benison seems to us ever
present in trees. For their shade and
shelter to man and brute, for the music
the wind makes among their branches ;
for the fruits and flowers they bear to
delight the palate and the eye, and the
fragrance that goes out and upward
from them forever, we are worshipful
of trees.
" Under his own vine and fig tree "
what more expressive of rest, indepen
dence and lordship in the earth ! Well
may the Arab reverence in the date—
palm a God-given source of daily suste
nance. Dear to the Spaniard his olive,
and to the Hindoo his banyan, wherein
dwell the families of man, and the birds
of heaven build their nests. Without
trees what a desert place would be our
earth—naked, parched and hateful to
the eye. Yet how many are thought
less of the use and beauty of trees.
How many strike the axe idly or wan
tonly at their roots.
Above all other,things in the landscape
we would deal gently with trees. Most
beautiful where God plants them, but
beautiful even as planted by the poorest
art of man, trees should be protected and
preserved. If he is a benefactor who
causes two blades of grass to grow where
but one grew before, how much greater
his beneficence who plants a tree in some
waste place, to shelter and shade, to
draw thither song birds and to bear
fruit for man. Plant trees, 0 man, that
has waste land—and be careful of those
that are planted.
A Nice Girl
There is nothing half so sweet in life,
half so beautiful or delightful or love
able as a "nice girl,"—not pretty or
dashing or elegant girl, but a "nice
girl." One of those lovely, lively, good,
good-hearted, sweet-faced, amiable,
neat, domestic creatures met within
the sphere of home, diffusing around
the domestic hearth the influence of
her goodness, like essence of sweet
flowers.
A nice girl is not a languishing beauty
dandling on the sofa and discussing the
last novel or opera, or the giraffe like
creature sweeping majestically through
the drawing-room. The " nice girl"
may not even dance, or play, and know
nothing about using her eyes, or coquet=
tingwith a fan. She never languishes;
sheis too active. She is notgiven to sen
sation novels, she is too busy. .At the
opera she is , not in front showing her
bare shoulders, but sits quiet and iliaoli 7
trusive—at the back of the box; most,
likely, in fact it is not often hi shelf
scenes we discover her. Homeds her
place. _
LANCASTFR, PA., WEDNESDAY MORNING, JUNE 14, 1865.
A Long Giace at lireakfast.
Edward Irving sometimes taxed the
patience of his host and a large com
pany of invited guests, by consuming
fifteen or twenty minutes in invoking
the Divine blessing. By. the time he
ended, the devotional frames of the
company were as cold as the dishes on
the table. But their sufferings were
light, compared with those of a circle of
Scotch ministers, from the Synod of
Cleishmaclaver, on their way to the
General Assembly of the Scotch Kirk.
They were well punished for their for
getfulness. • A humorous contributor to
Frazer's Magazine tells the story in a
recent number.
The brethren had started by coach at
an early hour, and had travelled some
twenty miles before they. reached the
inn where breakfast was prepared for
them. The keen air of our northern
hills sharpens the - appetite ; and when
the brethren drove up to the inn, they
were almost famished with hunger.
" Now, gentlemen, just ten minutes for
breakfast," says the coachman, as he
entered the landlady's snug little par
lor, to have his own. Ten minutes!
The time was short, so they must make
the most of it. They rushed into the
room where the breakfast was spread,
and there, basking his ample person be
fore the fire, stood a portly gentleman,
dressed somewhat like a dignitary of
the Church of England. Their appetite
was keener than their curiosity, so they
scarcely looked at the stranger, but
concentrated all their attention on the
viand.
Half way in the air, before the morsel
had reached their lips, their hands were
arrested by a sudden cry of " Stop !" It
was the supposed dean or bishop. "Good
heavens, gentlemen," he exclaimed,
"have you so far forgotten your sacred
profession, as to partake of food without
invoking a blessing?" The brethren
looked like school-boys detected in some
flagrant fault; but before they had time
to remonstrate or explain, the same
voice exclaimed, in a tone which en
forced obedience, " Let us pray." They
instinctively sprang to their feet, and as
sumed the attitude of decorous devotion
while the stranger offered up a prayer
which they themselves admitted was
superior in action and expression, to
those of Dr. Drawlitout himself. He
had only one fault; he did not know
when to stop. The minutes rolled rap
idly away, but the stream of fervent sup
plication flowed on without a break.
They had a terrible struggle, the breth
ren had, as they closed one eye in devo
tion, and ogled the savory viands with
the other ; but when a hand approached
it drew back before the stern glance of
the stranger, which seemed to compre
hend them all.
The sufferings of Tantalus were noth
ing to the sufferings of the deputation
from the Synod of Cleishmaclaver ; but
all things must come to an end. "Time
is up, 'gentlemen," said the coachman,
opening the door, and wiping his mouth
with the air of one who had enjoyed his
breakfast. The appearance of the coach
man, and the sound of his familiar
voice, broke the spell ; but there was no
time to be lost. The horses were shak
ing their heads and pawing the ground,
in their impatience to start ; so they had
to take their seats, and turn breakfast
and dinner into one. " Was that the
Bishop of D ?" said one of the
famished brethren. " That the Bishop
of D ?" said the coachman, con
temptuously ; " why that was Lord P.,
the maddest wag in the kingdom."
The brethren said nothing, but "chewed
the cud of sweet bitter fancy," until
they reached the next halting-place,
where they got something more sub
stantial to chew. Somehow the story
oozed out, and the trick played on the
members of Cleishmaclaver called forth
many a hearty laugh at the Lord High
Commissioner's levees, and seriously
affected the gravity of the Moderator
himself.
General Jackson's Motto
"Think before you act, but when the
time for action comes, stop thinking."
This is the true doctrine. Many men
fail in life and go down to the grave
with hopes, blasted and prospects of
happiness unrealized, because they did
dot adopt and act upon this niotto. No
thing so prepares a man for action as
thought ; but nothing so unfits a man
for action in the course of action. Bet
ter by far adopt some course and pur
sue it energetically, even though it may
not be the best, than to keep continu
ally thinking without action. "Go
ahead" ought to be printed in every
young man's hat, and read until it be
comes a part of his nature, until he can
act upon his judgment, and not be
turned from his course by every wind
of interested advice. In conclusion we
would say: "Think before you act;
but when the time for action comes,
stop thinking."
Horses at Pasture
Every horse in the country ought, if
possible, to haveat least a few weeks run
in the pasture. It will do for him what
no kind of medicine or nursing can do
so well. It will improve his hoofs, his
hair and skin, his wind, digestion, and
blood; will take out stiffness and lame
ness, and put on flesh, and infuse new
life generally.
Before turning horses out, it is well to
accustom them gradually to that kind
of food, by cutting a little grass for them
each day, or allowing them to " bait "
for an hour or so daily in the backyard.
And, when let out, they should not have
" flush " feed at first, as they will be
likely to over-eat and injure themselves
both iri their looks and their wind. The
best grass for a horse pasture is a mix
ture of timothy, blue grass and red top.
Horses relish this feed better when it is
moderately short. When they are to
be turned out for any length of time,
and not to be used much in the mean
while, they should have on only a light
pair of shoes. This will allow the hoofs
to come in close contact with the soft
earth, and will prevent contraction.
Where horses cannot enjoy pasturage,
they should have fresh cut grass as often
as convenient, and should have their
stall floors covered with tan bark, or
better, have the planks taken up and
clay floors laid.
Force of Habit.
The New Lisbon Patriot tells of a
Presbyterian clergyman in that place
who has stereotype prayer after the
close of his sermon, which contains
among other things, a request very ap
propriately characterizing the sermon:
"O; Lord, pour down thy blessings
upon the feeble effort that has been put
forth this day." On last Sabbath, a
young stranger 'delivered a very excel- ,
lent discourse. Mr. T. follow4,with his
prayer : " Lord, pour dowr.tthy blest
Ings,upon the feebre pfro4 # 1 4.14 44 -
day been ,
fOrtli :by - Our ,young
brother."
SharP Epitaphs.
Some years: Once, w.hen - Caleb Cush
ing was yoluiger, he met in society a
Miss Gould, who did not like him, so
she exercised her poetical powers in
writting cutting epitaphs upon the
young beaux of the neighborhood, and
Caleb in particular. At a party which
both attended, a paper was circulated,
which caused great merriment, and
finally came to the eye of Cushing, who
read
" Lie along ye dead,
For in the next bed
Repose the ashes °Mashing,
He has crowded his way
Through the world as they say,
And even though dead may bepushing."
Cushing took the paper, disappeared
a few minutes, and returned with an
other, which,theing circulated, put an
end to the persecutions of the poetess
It contained the following:
"Here lies one whose wit
Without a wounding could hit;
Green be the turf that's above her ;
Having sent every beau
To the regions below,
She now has gone down—for a lover !"
Miss Gould, who was verging towards
old maidhood, did not relish this home
thrust, and left off writing epitaphs in
that society.
Genuine Eloquence
There are no people in the world with
whom eloquence is so universal as with
the Irish. When Leigh Ritchie was
traveling in Ireland, he passed a man
who was a painful spectacle of pallor,
squalor, and raggedness. His heart
smote him, and he turned back.
" If you are in want," said Ritchie,
"why don't you beg ?"
"Surely, it's begging I am, yer honor."
"You didn't say a word."
"Of course not, yer hOnor, but see
how the skin is spakin' through the
holes in my trowsers! and the bones
cryin' out through me skin! Look at
me sunken cheeks, and the famine that's
starin' in me eyes! Man alive, isn't it
beggin' I am with a thousand tongues?"
Produce of an Acre
The following product of a single acre
of ground, the truth of which is vouched
for, will give an idea of the capacity of
land in the hands of onewho thorough
ly understands how to bring it forth.
The acre here referred to is situated on
Long Island, where the soil is by no
means naturally affluent :
" On one acre, within sight of Trinity
Church steeple, New York, but in Jer
sey, lives a man I will call ' John
Smith.' John's neat cottage and
acre cost him, eight years ago,
$3,000, now worth $6,000. In
the spring of 1864 he planted 12,000
Early Wakefield cabbage plants, which
by the first week in July, were sold in
New York market atsB per 100, for $9OO.
Between the rows of cabbages were
planted, at the same time, 18,000 Silesia
lettuce plants, which at $1 50 per 100
brought $l7O. Both crops were cleared
off by July 12, the ground being thor
oughly plowed, harrowed and planted
with 40,000 celery plants, which were
sold before Christmas of the same year
at $3 per 100, forsl,2oo, making the total
receipts $2,430.
"His expenses were : Manure, $l5O ;
keep of horse, $300; interest on $6,000,
$420; hired labor, $400; incidental out
lay, $100; amounting in all to $1,370,
which deducted from the receipts gave
him the net profit of $1,050. John,
some might call a clod-hopper. He has
no particular skill, no great share of
brains,' his only prominent qualitybe
ing untiring industry; but it would be
difficult for any one, no matter how en
dowed with skill or brains, to make
more of an acre than lie did."
Waking Grandma
A sweet little incident is related by a
writer. She says : I asked a little boy
last evening,—
" Have you culled your grandma to
tea ?"
"Fes. When I went to call her she
was asleep, and I didn't know how to
waken her. I didn't wish to holler at
grandma, nor to shake her ; so I kissed
her cheek, and that woke her very
softly. Then I ran into the hall, and
said, pretty loud, ' Grandma, tea is
ready.' And she never knew what
woke her."
Do we find anything more sweet, del
icate and lovely than this in the annals
of poetry? Can conventionality im
prove upon such politeness, spontaneous
in the heart of a six years' boy?
A Boy's Lawsuit
Under a great tree, close to the village
two boys found a walnut.
" It belongs to me," Ignatius, " for I
Was the first to see it."
0 " No, it belongs to me," said Bern
hard, " for I was the first to pick' it up,,
and so they began to quarrel in earnest.
" I will settle the dispute," said an
older boy, who had just come up. lie
placed himself between the two boys,
broke the nut in two, and said :
" The one piece of shell belongs to
him who first saw the nut ; the other
piece of the shell belongs to him who
first picked it up ; but the kernel I keep
for judging the case. And this," he
said, as he sat down and laughed, " is
the common end of most lawsuits."
—At a recent election a merchant
presented himself at the polls, accom
panied by a well known physician,
when, with a view to avoid taking his
turn in the long row of voters, the phy
sician interceded for his friend, and re
quested that the crowd would give him
the head of the line, on the ground of
being under medical treatment. The
merchant looked as if he was in the
prime of health, when Fred Walter,
penetrating the dodge, spoke out :
"I say, doctor, is thatman under your
treatment?"
"Yes, sir," said the doctor, with ex-.
quisite politeness, "he is now under
my treatment?"
"Then, gentlemen," exclaimed Fred,
" let the man vote at once ; he'll never
have another chance."
A CORRESPONDENT of the London
Dailg News, having invested in Con
federate cotton bonds, writes to that
journal for information in regard to the
probability of their redemption by the.
American Government. He modestly'
expects the United States to foot the
bills of the rebels, and to pay for the
cannon and cruisers that John Bull
kindly furnished to our domestic foes.
The News, however, quietly extin
guishes these fallacious hopes, by as
suring its correspondent that he "is just
in the position of - a creditor whose
debtor has died, leaving no executor
and no assets."—Press.
Charter Election in Westchester County
At the charter election held in the
village of Mount Vernon,Westchester.
county, Y., on the 30t of May, the
Democracy achieVed a victory of much
importance. Party lines have never in
the.history of the village beendrawn in
local matters ; and the Loyal League;
backed by their organization, threw
down the gauntlet, and nominated 'a
Atria; 'party ticket. The Democrogyi
without any "previous organizition,
'lnanftilly - 'took- up the challenge - Trnin
Itheir opprinents;' and also nen:limited a
'strict party. ;ticket, . 'and, succeeded in
electing every man on It by a handsome
nujority.—.Y. Y. Express.
gtiotauthmo.
INTERESTINO LETTER FROM DRUID.
probiblellotaCi , id. the Presidentuth
aidetipinions-ExtreniePoliticalViews
to be Repudiated-The Real Meaning of
the &innesty Proclamation-Tim South.
ern - People to be Treated as Fellow-Citi•
zeni-: - NoEtrcetitions for Treason to take
Place-What Magnanimity Will Do,
&e„ &e.
[Correspondence of the N. Y. World.]
BALTIMORE, June. 4.
POLICY OF THE NEW PRESIDENT.
Nothing is more important than to
ascertain certainly what the policy of
the new President is to be. The whole
country is suffering on account of the
doubt which exists on thispoint. Every
fact which throws any light upon this
subject is of great value. lam fortunate,
therefore, in having it in my power to
give au outline of the general line of
policy which has been determined on
by President Johnson. For reasons
which will at once occur to you, I am
not at liberty to give my authority for
the statements that follow '
• but your
readers may depend upon It that they
are authentic, as .events indeed will
prove.
SECTIONAL PRINCIPLES OF THE HELPER-
MEAN PARTY TO BE REPUDLATED.
It may be stated in the outset, that
Mr. Johnson's policy, as President of
the United States, will not be based
,upon the distinctive principles of the
*Republican party. If there are., in the
!platform of that party, any principles
that are truly national, those principles
will be cherished and followed out by
the President. But those principles of
that party which are distinctively sec
tional, which aim at the aggrandizement
of the Noith at the expenseof the South,
the operation of which would enable
people at the North to regulate and con
trol the internal affairs and domestic
policy of the Southern States, and would
keep alive and exasperate the bitter feel
ings between the people of tl two sec
tions—these principles will be repudi
ated by the executive at the earliest pos
sible moment. Mr. Johnson, as Presi
dent of the United States, does not con
sider himself a member of the Republi
can party. It was the Providence of
Uod which called Andrew Johnson to
the great work of restoring the Union
of the States ; a work infinitely greater
and requiring far greater statesmanship
than the work or suppressing the rebel
lion ; and in performing that work the
President believes, not only that he has
a right, but that it is his imperative duty
to rise above all party considerations,
and to act, as near as possible, as the
great fathers and founders of the Re .4
public would act, if they were living
now.
VINDICTIVENESS WILL BE AVOIDED
In the first place, all vindictive feel
ings toward the people of the South
will be avoided, either on account of the
rebellion, or on account of slavery.
President Johnson recognizes and is
fully impressed with the fact that the
guilt of the rebellion does not lie at the
doors of the southern people ; that the
leaders of the rebellion are alone to
blame for that great crime; and that
the real attachment to and love for the
Union, which has always existed in
the hearts of the southern people, was
only smothered and repressed, and
never extinguished during the rebellion.
THE AMNESTY PROCLAMATION MERELY
A FIRST STEP.
• In the second place, in regard to
slavery at the South and slaveholders,
the President holds that whatever guilt
or sin there was in the matter was equal
ly shared by the North; and that it
would be unjust in the highest degree
to disfranchise any person at the South
merely because he has been an owner of
slaves. That degreeof prosperity at the
Squth which was the result of slave
was equally shared by the North
The North was benefited by the wealth
and prosperity of the South. The abo
lition of slavery is one of the results of
the war. If the southern people accept
that result cheerfully, and adapt them
selves to the changed relations which It
will involve, the interests of the whole
country require that they be encouraged
in every possible way. Tile amnesty
proclamation of May 20th, therefore, is
only the first step of the President in
that direction. It will soon be followed
by another, reducing the number of the
excepted classes, and containing other
liberal provisions toward the citizens of
the Southern States.
SEE=
EME=23I
In the third place, the President real
izes that the object of the war was TO
RESTORE THE UNION, and not to abol
ish slavery, or to confer the rights of
citizenship upon negroes. lie intends
that that object shall be accomplished,
and that the Union shall be restored
upon such principles that it will be
hereafter indissoluble. But he cannot
perceiveithe necessity or the propriety of
admitting to a participation in the work
of reconstruction a race of men just
delivered from bondage, ignorant, de
based, and degraded, and utterly incapa
ble of understanding the subject. So
far as his influence and authority ex
tends, justice will be done to the liber
ated slaves; work and wages will be
provided for them, with schools and re
ligious instruction ; none will be al
lowed to oppress or injure them in any
way ; butthe question of allowing them
to vote will be left to the decision of the
legal voters of the respective States.
President Johnson understands the
negro character, and particularly what
kind of people the liberated slaves of
the South are. He will afford them
every facility for demonstrating to the
world whether or not they are worthy
of becoming citizens, but that will be
the limit of his official action in that
direction.
THE SOUTHERN PEOPLETO BE RESTORED
TO THEIR POLITICAL RIGHTS.
On this point the President's procla
mation of May'-9, providing for the
restoration of civil government in the
State of North Carolina, and for calling
a convention to alter or amend the con
stitution of that state, is highly signifi
cant, because it is the result of the Prbs
ident's deliberation on the subject, and
it indicates the policy that he has de
termined to pursue toward all of the
Southern States. The vagaries and the
fine-spun theories of the Charles-Sum
ner school of politicians are blown away
with a breath ; the fundamental doc
trine that the states have never been
out of the Union, and that there is no
power that can take them out, is plainly
enunciated; and those persons are re
garded as citizens and voters, and only
those, who were citizens and voters be
fore the war. The proclamation, while
it excludes from the polls all traitors
and qsloyal persons, in accordance with
the terms of the amnesty proclamation,
exclOes also all - negroes ; and this
coursm will be followed in the case of all
the other Southern States. When the
constitutional convention assembles in
Nort4. Carolina, they will, of course,
presdlibe who shall be voters in allsub
sequent elections - in that state.
WHO WILL VOTE IN NORTH CAROLINA ?
It has been stated in some of the
papers that only the poor whites will be
allowed to vote for members of this con
vention. But this is a great mistake.,
The population of North Carolina, in
round numbers, amounts to a million of
souls. In 1860 it was 992,000. Of these
only 361,000 are negroes, leaving a white
population of 639,000. In 1860 North
Carolina cast 98,000 votes for President,
of which 45,000 were for the Union can
didate. Out of these 96,000 votes, it IS
said, on good authority, that there are
not 6,000 men who own estates worth
1t20,000 and upwards, ' while there are
10,000 who own estates ranging between
$lO,OOO and $20,000 and 30,000 who own
property worth between $5,000 and
$lO,OOO. These 40,000 voters will surely
have .a , voice in the formation of the
convention. And it hi said by well-in
, formed persons from: that state; that the
new constitution which will be, formed
'by the convention, so far permit
ting to vote, will contain a pro
vision:for the gradual removal from the
state of all colored tiersons: North
Carolina is a state as well adapted to the
NIMIBtit
labor of white men as Maryland Or Mis
souri •, and •as one white' man can per
form the work of two aegroes, self-in
terest will ultimately dictate this course.
THE PRESIDENT DOES IsIOT THIRST FOR.
THE BLOOD OF. TRAITORS.
In regard to trialsfor treason, growing
out of the rebellion, and the execution
of political offenders, the President has
determined on acourse which will hand
down his name to posterity as among
the wisest rulers of modern times. The
senseless clamor for more blood, and the
frantic howls of a portion of the Repub
lican press for vengeance against Davis
and Lee, and the other leaders of the re
bellion, find no echo in his breast. His
official conduct toward those misguided
.men will be regulated by the principles
of law and justice, and by a jealous re
gard for the honor of our national char
acter. He does not think that the blood
of traitors is the only imperishable ce
ment of free institutions. He does think
it would be very bad policy to make a
martyr out of Jeff. Davis, and still worse
to bring General Lee to the scaffold, as
he is now being urgedto do. Although
Mr. Johnson has risen from an humble
origin, as Fillmore and Douglas, and
many of our other great men have done,
he is far from being an illiterate man.
He has read history, that great school
of rulers, and he has studied the lessons
which it teaches to some purpose. And
none of the lessons which history
teaches is more deeply impressed
upon his mind than this: ' That
purely political offenses should not be
punished with death."
WHY POLITICAL OFFENDERS SHOULD
NOT BE EXECUTED.
History, and particulary modern his
tory, is rich in illustrations of this rule.
It is founded upon the fact that such
acts as those which constitute treason
do not originate in moral wrong, but in
differences of political opinion ; that
they often result in success; and that
when they are successful, they receive
the lasting admiration of mankind.—
Washington himself was a rebel and a
traitor, and had not the revolution of
1776 proved successful, a price would
have been set upon his head, and he
would have been tried and found guilty
of treason. No man who values his rep
utation as a scholar will deny that suc
cessful rebellion alone saved the foun
ders of our republic from conviction of
treason. President Johnson is deeply
impressed with the fact that the object
for which the war was undertaken is
fully accomplished, so far as arms and
force can accomplish it; and that what
remains to be done must be accomplish
ed by far different instrumentalities;
that the wisdom of the statesman must
now finish the work from the point
where Grant and Sherman left it.
CONSEQUENCES OF A MAGNANIMOUS
He realizes the fact that the eyes of
the whole civilized world are fixed up
on him, and that in his treatment of
Jefferson Davis he will be judged by
the enlightened nations of Europe, and
by posterity, by a far higher standard
than that which requires his blood as
an atonement for that of his lamented
predecessor. In all probability, and as
matters look now, Jefferson Davis,
when brought to trial, will be convict
ed of treason, the punishment of which
is death. But Mr. Johnson will not
permit that penalty to be inflicted. He
will not signalize the commencement
of his administration by such a glaring
political blunder as that would be. Jef
ferson Davis, executed on a public
scaffold, would be regarded as a martyr
to the cause of the South by the south
ern people in all time to come. They
would regard him as having died for
them; as having laid down his life for
their sake. The momentary weakness
which he manifested in the hour of his
capture would be forgotten; his
portrait would be hung in every south
ern home, and his memory cherished in
every southern heart. Neither the
safety of the nation nor the honor of
the Government requires the execution
of Mr. Davis. The honor of the Gov
ernment has been abundantly vindi
cated; and a magnanimous course now,
on the part of Mr. Johnson, will dis
arm all remaining resentment in the
minds of the southern people, and will
secure the unbroken nationality of the
country for many succeeding genera
tions.
CHANGED RELATIONS OF THE EXECU-
These are believed to be among the
considerations that will influence the
conduct of the new President in his
treatment of the persons who will be
tried for treason ; and such is an outline
of what it is believed his policy will be
in relation to a few of the momentous
questions which press upon his atten
tion. It must be remembered that the
President of the United States to-day
holds far different relations with the
South than those which existed a year
ago, or even four months ago. It has
only been a few months since a draft
for half a million more of soldiers was
ordered, because the President believed
that many more soldiers would be re
quired to put down the rebellion. Yet
so suddenly did the rebellion collapse
that not one of the 500,000 men was
needed as a soldier. DRUID.
lEEE
To the Editor of The New York Tribune
SIR:-I am requested by some of the
people here to write you a line, correct
ing the statement of your Washington
correspondent, that in the recent elec
tion formembers of the Legislature "the
Disunionists swept the State." Your
correspondent has been grossly imposed
upon in this matter, and without de
signing to do so, has, nevertheless, fla
grantly misrepresented the case.
In the first place, there has no gen
eral election taken place in Virginia
since the Restoration. The election to
which allusion is made was a special
one, held in but six counties ; and of
them returns have as yet been received
from only three. lam informed upon
the best authority that of the persons
chosen in the three counties heard
from, all were Union men before the
war, except the ones chosen in Alex
andria.
In the next place, it is a fact that
there are no longer any' Disunionists "
in Virginia. The people are all for the
Union, having failed in their effort for
a separate government, and recognizing
that failure as conclusive. They accept
the Union without reservation, intend
ing to stand by it in good faith. The
National Government is to be theirs
and their children's forever, and to that
Government, albeit they would not have
voluntarily chosen it, they will bear
faithful allegiance. This is the exact
position of ninety-nine hundredths of
the people of Virginia.
I deeply regret to see the spirit of pro
scription which many persons entertain
toward the• Southern people in their
present condition—a people whose kin
dred blood and heroic character, to say
nothing of their misfortunes, should
commend them to our sympathy and
respect. This spirit of proscription is
wrong. The Slaveholders' Rebellion
was precipitated by irresistible forces,
and it is unjust to hold individuals re
sponsible for it. I should rather con
vict Thomas Jefferson than Jefferson
Davis of being its author ; but the truth
is, it was an event developed in the pro
gress of civilization. Shall we not be
kinctand• forgiving to those who have
cotamitb3d error, however grievous,
when it is manifest, that their error was
ordered by Providence, in . His wisdom,
to advance the interests of mankind?
Withregard to the "incidental" ques
tions connected with the war, I find the
Southern people as reasonable as could
be expected or desired. They consider
slavery dead and gone, and are glad
that it is so. They are disposed to ac
commodate themselves to the new sys
tem of labor, and to promote the well
being of the black man to the best of
them ability. As to negro suffrage, it
is a new idea
.here; but I am sure it
will, in some form or other, be ultimate
ly adopted by the peeple,
Very respectfully, your 'friend,
MARTIN FJ CONWAY.
•
C,Va. MIOND, VA., June 2, 1885.
Citizens no longer need passes to go to
Richmond. The fare from Baltimore is #B.
• 'IC4 O'- •A: 1- o•'.,"''-
itcarzincas for ADYzaimmeaseizar_l:l2 - ir - y r eaX
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'three6o
To. Hang or Not to Hang.
We cannot find time or space for an
exposure of all the misapprehensions,
misstatements and evidences of mental
chaos, which are daily sent us with re
gard to the proposed execution of cer
tain leaders of the late rebellion ; yet
some of the most mischievous among
'them seem worthy of serious considera
tion. For instance : Mr. A. J. Smith,
of Danville, Pa., favors us with an
elaborate misconception of all we have
thought or said on this subject, whence
we cull the following points that seem
worthy of attention. Says he :
"The leaders of the Rebellion, according
to the Constitution (as shown by a leading
article in your paper a few days ago), are
guilty of treason t for which the law claims
that they should suffer death; and, if so,
why should not justice be administered?"
Answer.—No, Mr. Smith! the Consti
tution does nog say that " the leaders"
especially are guilty of treason, but that
all of our countrymen who have been
concerned in ' levying war against the
United States, adhering to their enemies,
giving them aid and comfort" are thus
guilty ; and the law prescribes death as
their puishment. Not one less than
Two Millions of American men and
women have been thus guilty of treason,
and are exposed to death by hanging as
the legal penalty of that crime. Now,
you do not propose actually to hang all
these men, women, boys and girls, any
more than we do; the largest number
that any of your school have ever esti
mated to us that it was proper to hang
was fifty thousand ; which is but one in
forty of the guilty. Others have re•
duced the number to five thousand, one
thousand, and even lower. Now, then,
What right have yon, who propose to
hang a fortieth, or a much smaller pro
portion, of the guilty, to put on such
airs to us, who would treat all the rebels
precisely as you would treat the im
mense majority? Where is the differ
ence in principle between us? And
which of us evinces the greater consis
tency ?
Says Mr. Smith again :
" It is my opinion (and I believe I ex
press the feelings of thousands of your
readers), that, if the leaders of the rebellion
have committed no crime, it is unjust that
they should he held for trial, particularly
in prison; but, if they have committed any
crime, it is equally unjust that they should
go unpunished.",
—Very well, Tfl. Smith: "the lead
ers " have committed treason ; and so
have the followers ; yet you favor the
non-punishment of the latter, in clear
violation of your own principle that,
"if they have committed any crime, it
is unjust that they should go unpun
ished." Justify your own exemption of
the immense majority from punish
ment, and you will have justified our
position as to the residue.
Let us hear Mr. Smith once more
" A few days ago, the Nation was shocked
by the murder of our noble President ; but,
very soon afterward, the people rejoiced to
know that the assassin had been killed, and
now look hopefully for the vindication of
justice in the ease of those connected with
him. And yet, will any oue say they are
more deserving of death than those who
have been the cause of murdering hundreds
of thousands of the noblest and bravest men
of the land?"
—Yes, Mr. Smith ! you say that very
thing ! You demand the execution of
all the assassins without discrimination,
while you want only "the leaders" of
the Rebellion punished. You therein
proclaim your own clear conception of
a radical moral difference between Re
bellion and Murder. Having thus re
futed your own doctrine, you have saved
us the trouble.
The civilized world has long since de
termined and agreed that, while to kill
men in order to overcome a rebellion is
perfectly justifiable, to execute them as
rebels after their revolthas been utterly
suppressed, is of very dubious policy and
questionable humanity. Austria killed
many thousands of Hungarians in put
ting down the uprising under Kossuth,
and no one demurred ; she hung thirteen
only of the military leaders surrendered
unconditionally by Gorgey at Vilagos,
and all Christendom cried shame upon
her. Suppose these had been surren
dered under capitulation like that of
Lee, or Johnson, of Dick Taylor, or
Kirby Smith, and she had proceeded
thereafter to try, convict, sentence and
hang them, she would have been exe
crated as perjured and infamous to the
end of time. To this effect, the verdict
of History is emphatic and overwhelm
ing. (See what it says of the execution
of Marshal Ney under the Bourbons in
1815. Yet he was precisely such a fore
sworn traitor as Robert E. Lee, and not
half so well shielded by terms of capitu
lation.)
If we could see how the hanging of a
score or so of those rebel chiefs who are
not protected by a Military capitulation
would benefit either the Blacks or the
Poor Whites of the South, we might be
reconciled to it ; for we regard the en
franchisement and elevation of a race
as of more consequence than any dozen
lives. But it seems to us hanging men
in cold blood, for no other crime than
defeated, broken-down rebellion, is cal
culated to enshrine them in the memory
of their followers, to embitter the late
rebels against the Union, its supporters,
and its sway, and to prompt them to
wreak their hate and vengeance on that
class of Unionists who are still exposed
to their wrath—that is, the just emanci
pated Blacks. In our judgment, the
hanging of six rebels, merely as rebels,
will cause the death by privation,
famine or violence, of many thousands
of Freemen, and interpose a formidable
barrier to the elevation of their class to
citizenship and a voice in the govern
ment of their respective States ; hence
(and for other reasons) we are inflexibly
opposed to it.
To put our idea more completely
within the mental grasp of Mr. Smith,
we will express it thus : There are still
great social and political meliorations
to be effected atthe South—meliorations
which we deem essential to the highest
well-being of our country and of all our
people. We see not how to effect these
changes without powerful Southern
help ; and, where a labor of love is to
be performed, we consider one live man
worth more than two dead ones. You
can't hang men (even by proxy) and
reasonably calculate on their further co
operation and support; and want the
hearty good will and active help of as
many Southern whites as possible in
placing the Southern blacks in that posi
tion which seems vital to the well-being
of all classes and of every section.
Hence (among other reasons) our hos
tility to hanging in the premises, and
to any equivalent.—N. Y. Tribune.
The National Monument.
The Managers of the Soldiers' National.
Cemetery at this place have decided to
have the ceremonies of the laying of
the Corner Shine of the National Monu
ment, to be erected in the Cemetery, on
the 4th of July next. Major General 0.
Howard, who bore a conspicuous part
in the battle of Gettysburg, has been
selected as the orator, and President
Johnson will perform the ceremonies of
laying the Corner stone. Lieutenant
General Grant, and the officers and
privates of the army of the Potomac,
are expected to participate in the exer
cises. The members of the Cabinet, the
Judiciary, Senators and Representa
tives, and Governors of the several
States, with the heads of the State De
partments, are also expected to be pres
ent.
It is suggested that all local celebra
tions of the coming 4th of July, especial
ly throughout our own State, be aban
doned this year, so that no one who is
inclined to come here to do honor to the
memories of the heroes who lie on the
soil of our own State, may be attracted
by small celebrations at home.
We are assured that every possible ar
rangement will be made with the several
railroad companies for the transporta
tion of the people to and from this place,
and their accommodations while here.
The • .Committee of Arrangements
selected' by, the Board for the ceremon
ies of the 4th consists of. David Willis,
Chairman; W. Y. Sellick, Secretary, B:
W.: Norris '
..B.Leford, and Levi &obey.
They will announce the details of the
arrangements in due time,—(Vettyaburo
Compiler.