gatn i tr giwitg.
WEDNESDAY, APRIL 19,1885
"The printing presses shall be .free tO, ever/
person who undertakes to examine the TM
ceedliags of the legislature, or ;any branch of
government; and no law shall ever be made
to restrain Mat thereof. The free comxuu
nication.of tho t andlipinions is one of the
invaluable.. of .men; and every citizen
Duty freely, speak, write and print on any sub
ject ;,bein,g responsible Mr the abuse of that
liberty. in prosecutions for the publication of
papers investigating the official conduct of offi
cers, or.men in .pubita capacities, or where the
matter published is proper for public informa
tion; the truth. thereof may be given in evl
,dencs."—Canatiln4ton of .Pennay/vania.
Assassination of the President.
It is our sorrowful duty to lay before
our readers to-day the most astounding
intelligence that it has ever fallen to
, our lot to print, during a somewhat
lengthened connection with the press.
The President of the United States,
occupying a private box at a theatre in
the capital of the country, with his wife
by his side and a number of friends
around him, has fallen by the hands of
a devil-inspired assassin!
When the fearful rumor first spread
from mouth to mouth this morning, it
was received by all with incredulity.
No one could believe it. But it soon
assumed a shape and consistency that
gave rise to serious apprehension that
there might be truth in it, and by half
past eight all doubt was dispelled.
Mortally wounded about half-past
nine o'clock last night, by a miscreant
whose motives can at this time scarcely
be guessed at, the President lingered in
a condition of insensibility till half-past
seven this morning, when he died.
It adds to the horror of this awful oc
currence, that about the same time the
President was stricken down, the Sec
retary of State, confined to his bed from
the effects of recent accidental injury,
was set upon and stabbed about the
neck and face, so that he died at a
quarter before ten o'clock this morn
ing !
We have but few comments to make
upon this astounding and bewildering
intelligence. The occasion is not one
for many words. The eminent men
whose tragic death we chronicle to-day,
could not have been removed from this
world at any time or in any way, with
out their loss being deeply lamented.
Their removal at this time will occasion
the profoundest sorrow throughout the
length and breadth of the whole coun
try. It must everywhere be regarded as
a public calamity—and how great the
calamity may be, the future alone can
reveal.
P. S.—Since putting the above in type
we have been informed by telegraph
that Secretary Seward is still alive, but
his son (Assistant Secretary of State),
who was wounded also, is dead.
The National Calamity
Nowhere in moderate circles do we
hear any other opinion promulgated
than the one which seems almost uni
versal, that the assassination of Mr.
Lincoln is a great national calamity.
All parties agree in the belief that he
had resolved to pursue a course of con
ciliation,
to act upon the line of policy
foreshadowed in the terms tendered to
Lee and his army by Orant. All men
believe that such a course would have
resulted in a speedy restoration of the
revolted States to the Union, without
further bloodshed, and with a fair pros
pect for a speedy reduction of our armies
to a peace standard, and a consequent
great and permanent decrease of the ex
penditure which is daily adding vast
sums to the enormous natural debt
already accumulated. All conservative
men were full of hope, and disposed to
rejoice in the pleasing prospect open to
us in the future. None but a few ex
treme radicals seemed to be dissatisfied
These were, however, powerless under
the influence of the prevailing senti
ment of approval which was being felt
by Mr. Lincoln.
The great danger is, that his succes
sor may be hurried, in the excitement
of the hour, into a wrong and inju
dicious course of action. The radicals
will do their best to obtain power over
him. We hope and trust he may be
able to resist the influence of their per
nicious councils, and that he may show
his good sense by following up the policy
which it seems to be universally con
ceded was fully resolved upon by Mr.
Lincoln, and approved by the Cabinet,
on the very last day of his life. It is
but just to the dead that this should be
done, and Mr. Johnson will not be jus
tified by any great part of the people in
pursuing another and opposite policy.
Let us hope he will redeem past errors
in his own life by the wisdom and
moderation of his future acts.
Mob Law Revired
A mob - of cowardly ruffians destroyed
the States and E'11,077, office at Ports
mouth, N. H., on Tuesday afternoon.
Mr. Foster, the editor, had a plain way
of talking Democratic truth, that the
Administration lackeys didn't like, and
a gang of bullies were obtained to silence
a man whom they could not answer by
logic and argument. We trustthat this
lawless vagabondism will be checked at
once by the proper authorities and that
the rights of a free press under legal re
strictions will be guaranteed in New
Hampshire. The General Government
cannot afford, at this time particularly,
to suffer such an outrage to pass by un
noticed and unpunished.
The Niagara Fired On
There is unpleasant news from Europe.
The rebel ram Stonewall has for some
time been permitted to remain in the
harbor of Lisbon, nominally for repairs
and coal, but actually to avoid a contest
with the United States frigates Niagara
and Sacramento, which waited outside.
The Portuguese Government, probably
on remonstrance, ordered the Stone
wall to depart, which was done. The
United States steamers having arrived at
Lisbon—u'hj we have yet to learn—re
ceived peremptory order not to leave
that harbor for twenty-four hours, at
tempted to go before the expiration of
that time, and were then fired upon
from the Belem Fort, the Niagara being
struck on the poop and one of her men
killed. The United States frigates then
anchored.
The commanders of the Federal
steamers Niagara and Sacramento state
that they had no intention of sailing
when fired on from the Portuguese
forts, and that they were only shifting
their anchorage.
ft is rumored that diplomatic notes
have been exchanged in regard to the
affair,
It is siipposed that the Stonewall will
make for Gibraltar.
The „Index ,eays: "Should the Wash
ington government presume to impose
upon Portugal as inferior in power, and
endeavor to extort reparation from her
in the case of the Sacramento and Ni
agra, the great Powers will be placed
under unavoidable obligations to protect
her in the assertion of her rights."
Wages Or Contrabands
The Government wages to contrabands
in the Quartermaster's Department, $35
a month and rations, equal to $5O a
month, disinclines every colored con
traband to go on alsTorthern farm. The
moment the war is over nearly every
man of them will be discharged and
thrown out of employment.
Specie is more plenty in Texas than
ever before, andyet goods are very high.
Confederate currency is not used to any
extent ip Tex, . .
rEerr~~te~e~itiy~
The N. Y. Tribune has always been
noted for adhering with unflinching
;tenacity to. its positions. It tringeWar
Upon slavery fora years with many
vigor and persistent's ,
, tliiiirpose.;.wpch .
made it to veryin ?
any roost olintx ;
ious journal in the landNto-dayilt is
the strongest advocate forn,,generO j us
and manly policy of conciliation, ftward .
the disarmed rebels to be " found 'in the
Republican party. In its issue of yes
terday it has a most sensible editorial
on the subject. We make the follow
ing extracts::
,
We lire justemerging from one of the
grandest and most momentous struggles
in human history. In this struggle we
have individually done well or ill, as
the case may be ; but there is no time
yet to discriminate and label us as pa
triots or otherwise: Stiffica it for the
present that our count& annes forth
triumphant from the furnace wherein
she had been fearfully tried and tested.
Her integrity is preserved and vindi
cated, in defiance of the most gigantic
and formidable rebellion which the
world has ever known. Her place
among the nations of the earth will
henceforth be higher and prouder than
ever before. The power of her domestic
foes is utterly broken ; the eager hopes
of her foreign revilers thoroughly blast
ed. Never were sanguine expectations
more signally confounded than are
those of the partisans of disunion,
American or European.
We do firmly believe that Gen. Grant
was as wise as he wasgenerousingrant
ing such liberal terms to the remnant
of Gen. Zee's army, on condition of its
laying down its arms. We do not doubt
that he did so with and by the advice
of President Lincoln, who, we are con
fident, will proceed in the line of mag
nanimous policy thus indicated if he is
not overruled by bad advisers and de
terred by what he mistakes for public
opinion. _For, if we allow Lee, - Wise,
Gordon,l'ickett, Elzey, Ruggles, Ould,
&e., &c., &c., upon their surrender, to
go in safety to their homes, with a
Pledge that they shall there remain
" undisturbed " so long as they shall
continue to deport themselves loyally
and quietly, how can you fail to treat
with equal lenity those who may here
after surrender? If these ought not to be
tried and punished who should be? Nay:
with what show of fairness can you put
others on trial for their lives, yet allow
these to go free?
The New York Times,doing injustice
to its own sagacity in a characteristic
attempt to sail between wind and water,
says, Let us hang Jeff. Davis and
spare the rest." It seems to us well to
catch a culprit before you decide to hang
him ; but we do not concur in the ad
vice. Davis did not devise nor instigate
the rebellion ; on the contrary, he was
one of the latest and most reluctant of
the notables of the Cotton States to re
nounce definitively the Union. His
prominence is purely official and repre
sentative ; the only reason for hanging
him is that you therein condemn and
stigmatize more persons than in hang
ing any one else. There is not an ex
rebel in the world, no matter how peni
tent, who will not have unpleasant sen
sations about the neck on the day when
the Confederate President is to be hung.
And to what good end?
The Auditor General
Referring, some days ago, to the state
ment made by a Harrisburg correspon
dent of the Franklin _Repository, that
the Hon. ISAAC SLENKER, Auditor
General of Pennsylvania, would retire
on account of age and infirm Eealth, at
the close of his present term, we took
Dceasion to remark that, according to
the information at our command, there
was nothing in his age or the state of
his health at this time to prevent him
from being a candidate again.
Desiring to know whether Mr. SLEN
KKR would or would not permit his
name to go before our next State Con
vention, we have made inquiry in a
quarter likely to be well inforthed, and
have been assured that, whilst Mr.
SLENKER does not seek a renomination
now, as he neither sought nor desired
the nomination when it was conferred
upon him in 1862, yet he will not de
cline it if it should be tendered to him
by the Democratic convention.
Mr. is , LENE ER has just passed through
a protracted and severe spell of sick
ness, which it was at one time feared
might have an unfavorable termina
tion.. The public will rejoice to learn
that his health is now nearly re-estab
lished, and that he will in a short time
be able to resume the performance of
his official duties at Harrisburg. The
State contains no better citizen, nor has
she ever had a public officer more
worthy of respect and confidence.
Cold for Cotton
Let whoever is fortunate enough to
have, in his or her pocket, a federal
greenback note, take it out, and read
the printed words on the back :
" This note is a legal tender for ALL
" debts, public and private, except duties
" On imports, and interest on the public
"debt, and is receivable in payment of
" all loans made to the United States."
Then, if he call, let him reconcile
that specific announcement and authori
tative decree with the terms on which
the Savannah cotton was sold by the
Government, in New York last Tues
day. The popular preference for metalic
currency has all along been denounced
as disloyal. In the cotton order, the
Government proclaims that nothing
but gold can purchase Government
property. The acts of Congress say that
greenbacks are legal tenders for all gov
ernment debts except duties on imports,
and the cotton order plumply nullifies
that legislation, and spits upon it. In
a word, the cotton order is right in the
face of the Campbell letter of the new
Secretary of the Treasury, and places
the Treasury Department " in opposi
tion to the financial policy" of the Re
publican party.
Mr. 'McCulloch must forthwith write
another letter !
Democratic Triumph in Toledo Ohio.
We learn from the Toledo Record,
that the Democratic candidates for
mayor and marshal of that city were
elected on Monday last by large majori
ties. Mayor Dorr had 1,117 majority
over the regularly nominated Republi
can candidate, and Col. Bond had 640
majority over E. S. Hank, independent
Republican candidate. This is an aver
age gain of about I,ooosince the Novem
ber election. The news from Richmond
was received in the„, forenoon. Demo
cratic flags were unfhrled, and the party
workers labored with a zeal that noth
ing but such tidings could have inspired
and the result shows how effectually
they labored.
Deniocrats are always enthusiastic,
especially over any event which adds to
the honor or glory of their country. We
are glad however, that those of Toledo
did not permit their enthusiasm, at the
capture of the rebacapital, to interfere
with their political duties on the day of
their municipal election. In Connecti
cut the Democracy- acted differently ;
and while engaged in patriotic rejoic
ings over the fall of - aichmond, allowed
the election in that state to go against
them by default.—Pitt.sbury Post.
Col. Dodge, Assistant Provost Mar
shal General for the southern division
of New York, in response to inquiries,
has written a communication in which
lie says it is a great error on the part of
the people to suppose that owing to our
recent victories no more men will be
warted for the army, and that conse
quently no further apprehensionsof the
draft need be entertained. He states
that all the men required by the Presi
dent's last call are still needed, and that
there is no reason to doubt that every
one required to fill the quota of each dis
trict will be exacted by the government.
He gives notice that whenever a provost
marshal is not kept busy in mustering
in volunteers or substitutes he will com
mence drafting, and that the people of
New York as well as other places must
disabuse their minds of the impression
tliat the full quota will not be insisted
on,.
But little maple-sugar will be made In
Vermont this year : , on account of the
.sudden coming of spring'and theabsence
of frost in the ground: Some farmers
are tlet tr/periag their, trees atoll,
ASTOUNDING NEWS
From Washington
Atsusiiiatiii of ' 'r,i'dent Lincoln !
_4tterripted liOrderp.f,thafetary!Elew
'l
ai.d. and Om Son.
40,000 REWARD: OFFERED FOR THE
ARREST OF THE MURDERER.
WASHINGTON, April 15-1.30 A.,
This evening ahout. ,J. i 0 P. M. at Ford'Al
theatre, the President, while sitting, in his
private box with Mrs. Lincoln, Miss Harris
and Major Rathburn, was shot by
. an
sassin who suddenly entered the box and
approached behind the President. The as
sassin then leaped upon the stage, hrand
ishing a large dagger or knife, and made
his escape in the rear of the theatre. The
pistol ball entered the back of the Presi
dent's head and penetrated nearly through
the head.
The wound was tnicrtal.
The President has been insensible ever
since it was inflicted, and is now dying.
About the same hour an assassin, whether
the same or another, entered Mr. Seward's
house, and under pretense of having a
prescription, was shown to the Secretary's
sick chamber. The Secretary was in bed, a
nurse and Miss Seward with him. The
assassin immediately rushed to the bed, in
flicted one or two stabs in the throat aria
two in the face
It is hoped the wounds may not he mor
tal; my apprehension is that they will prove
fatal. The noise alarmed Mr. Frederick
Seward 4 ,3rho was in uu adjoining room, and
he hastened to the door of his father's room
where he met the assassin, who intlicted
upon him one or more dangerous wounds.
The recovery of Frederick Seward is
doubtful
It is not probable that the President «•il
live through the night
General Grant and wife were advertised
to be at the Theatre this evening,. but lie
started to Butlington at six o'elcitik this
g•
evening.
At a Cabinet meeting, at which Genera
Grant was present, to-day, the subject i)f
the state of the country and the prospects of
a speedy peace were discussed.
The President was very cheerful and
hopeful. lie spoke very kindly of Gen.
Lee and others of the I 'onfederaey, and the
establishment of the government in Vit.
All the members of the Cabinet, exeep
Mr. Seward, are now in attendance upot
the President.
I have seen Mr. Seward, but ho am
Frederick were both unconscious
E. M. sTANToN,
Secretary- of War
Further Particulars of the Assassination
The following full account of all tha
happened or is known of the assassin's
tion of the President, is from the specta
correspondence of the IN ew York Hcrct/(
of yesterday :
MAJOR RATEnuN's STATEMENT
The President's box at Fork's theatre
is a double one, or what ordinarily con
stitutes two boxes, in the second tier, at
the left of the stage. When occupied by
the Presidential party the separating
partition is removed, and the two are
thus thrown into one. This box is en
tered from a narrow, dark hallway,
which in turn is separated from the dress
circle by a small door. The examina
tion of the premises discloses the fact
that the assassin had fully and deliber
ately prepared and arranged them for
his diabolical purpose previous to the
assembling of the audience. A piecqof
board one inch thick, six inches wide
and about three feet in length served for
a bar, one end being placed in an inden
tation excavated in the wall for the pur
pose about four feet from the floor, and
the other against the molding of the
door panel a few inches higher than the
end in the wall, so that it would be im
possible to jar it out of place by knock
ing on the door on the outside. The
demon having thus guarded against in
trusion by any of the audience, next
proceeded to prepare a means of observ
ing the position of the parties inside the
box. With a gimlet or small bit he
bored a hole in the door panel, which
he afterwards reamed out with his knife
so as to leave it little larger than a buck
shot on the inside, while it was suffi
ciently large on the outside in the dark
entry for him to place his eye against
with convenience, and see the position
occupied by the President and his friends
Both box doors were perforated in like
manner. But there were spring locks
on each of these doors, and it was barely
possible that they might be fastened.
To provide arminst such an emergency
the screws which fasten the bolt hasps
to the wood had been partially with
drawn, and left so that while they
would hold the hasps to the wood they
would afford little or no resistance to a
firm pressure upon the door from the
outside.
DELIBERATE PREPARATION FOR TBE
MEM
Having thus provided for a sure and
easy entrance to the box, the next btisi
ness was to insure a clear and unob
structed passage to the locality of the
victim by such an arrangement of 'the
chairs and sofas as would place the
other occupants at considerable distance
from him. The rocking or easy chair
occupied by Mr. Lincoln was found ,in
the front corner of the box farthest from
the stage. Another, for Mrs. Lincoln,
a little more rentote from the front,
while the other chairs and a sofa were
all placed on the i side nearest the stage,
leaving the centre of the spacious bbx
clear for the bloody operations of ttie
actor. These preparations were neitlfer
conceived by a ;maddened brain, de
signed by a fool, nor executed by, a
drunkard. They bear most unmistaka
ble evidence of genius, industry and
perseverance in the perfect accomplish
ment of a deliberate murder.
At a few minutes past eight in the
evening the President and Mrs. Lincoln
called at the residence of Senator Har
ris, corner of Fifteenth and H streets,
where they took Miss Clara Harris and
Major R. Rathbun, S. army, into
their carriage, and proceeded to the
theatre. Shortly after they entered the
fatal box the President seated himself
in the chair designed for him by the
assassin. Mrs. Lincoln took one near
him, Miss Harris the one at the oppo
site corner, fronting the audience, and.
Major Rathbuneated himself upon the
sofa, a few fed lf behind Miss Harris.
There were no other persons in the box,
and no one entered or left it until
about the time -of the assassination.
Charles Forbes, the personal attendant
of the President; had been told by Mrs.
Lincoln to remain near the box, as he
might be wanted. The President seem
ed well, though somewhat sad, and
spoke very little. He arose once dur
ing the performance, went to the door
of the box, put on his overcoat, and
then returned to his chair and sat down.
The deed was perpetrated during the
second scene of the third act of the
piece, - by some man who must have ap
proached stealthily and unseen through
the dark passage at the back of the box:
Major Rathbun was not aware of his
presence till hearing the report of a ,
pistol, and, looking round, saw the
flash, and dimly through the smoke the
form of a man 'in the box, not more
than six feet from the President. As
the Major sprang towards him he heard
him shriek some word like " freedom."
He then seized him. The assassin shook
loose from the officer's grasp, and at the
same time made a violent thrust at !his
left breast with the knife which he held
in his hand. Major Rathbun caught
the blow on his left arm near the shoul
der, and at once sprang for him again,
but only succeeded in grasping his
clothing; which fie partly torefrom him
as he leaped from the box to the stage.
The Major then cried out "Stop that
man," and, supposing it impossible for
him to escape th f rough the crowd
below, rushed badk to the Presi
dent and to the aid of Mrs. Lincoln,
who, for the first time realizing what
had occurred,' was shrieking for help.
The President had not changed' his
position, except that his eyes were
closed and his> head slightly bent for
-wa.rit Major itatttlaw laaTiv at a glance
•
went to the door of the box for the pur
pose of procuring medical aid, and to
his astonishment found the outer door
at the:end of the dark hail from which
the boxes are entered, firmlylbarred on
the inside with a piece bf wt:a:Wedged
across about four feet from the floor; so
that those outside who were knocking
for admission could not get in. Tearing
away the fastenings and passing in one or
two persons who represented themselves
as surgeons, he requested Captain Craw
ford to prevent all other persons from
entering the box, and begged the audi
ence to disperse.
When the surgeons had concluded
their examinations it was derCided to re
move the body from the theatre, arid ac
cordingly the whole party, including
Major Rathbun, who had charge of Mrs.
Lincoln, proceeded to a house opposite.
It was now found that the Major was
seriously wounded, and becoming quite
faint from loss of blood. He was sent
home by his surgeon.
TTIE RAPIDITY OF THE ASSASSIN'S
The whole time occupied from the
firiiigof the pistol in the box to the leap
ing upon the stage was not over thirty
seconds. The President never spoke or
unclosed his eyes from this time until
his death. The clothing of Major Rath
burn and the dress of Miss Harris were
bespattered with blood from the wound
of the Major. The wound of the Presi
dent did not bleed at all.
miss LAURA KEENE'S STATEMENT.
Prominent among those mentioned in
connection with the incidents of the
late tragical death of our worthy Presi
dent is the name of Miss Laura Keene,
the actress. In order to place her right
in the history the following facts will
suffice:
Miss Keene was behind the scenes at
the precise time of the shooting, waiting
to come on the stage. She was near the
`place theatrically known as the tor
mentor. She was on the northern side
of the theatre, while the President's box
was on the southern side. Miss Keene's
position was near the pompter's desk;
but as that official was absent calling
some of the actors she- placed-herself
near the point where she could more
readily enter upon her part. She was
at the time expecting to see the ingress
of Mr. Spear, whose part was at hand,
and prepared herself to break his
fall as he entered in a drunken scene ;
but instead of receiving Mr. Spear, Mr.
Booth pushed his way soddenly through
the side scene, striking Miss Keene on
the hand with his own, in which he
held the dagger. She for a second
looked at him and saw it was another
person from the one she expected, and
instantaneously she heard the cry that
the President was shot. The cry was
spontaneous among the audience, and
many of them were making for the
stage. She then knew something was
occurring, as women were screaming,
men hallooing, and children crying, as
if a fire panic had taken place. Miss
Keene went to the front of the stage,
and, addressing the bewildered audi
ence, said, "For God's sake have pres
ence of mind and keep your places, and
all dill be well." Notwithstanding
this appeal the audience were boister
ous, and while all seemed willing to
detect the perpetrator of the great crime,
but one made a move to this end.
Scarcely had the perpetrator of the
crime jumped from the President's box
to the stage than he was followed by
Mr. Stewart, one of the auditors. As
Mr. Booth crossed the stage he met and
struck at the carpenter with the dagger
he held, and instantaneously made his
exit to the rear of the theatre, where Isis
horse was in readidess, and thence
made his escape. Miss Keene, after
momentarily arresting the panic and
consternation in the audience, heard
the cry of Miss Harris, saying "Miss
Keene, bring some water." Miss
Keene, responding to the call, made
her way, which is rather circuitous,
through the dress circle to the Presi
dent's box, and got there a few mo
ments after the occurrence. There she
saw Mrs. Lincoln, in the agony of a
devoted wife, uttering the most piteous
cries. Miss Keene attempted to pacify
her, at the same time offering the good
offices in her power ; but she was con
vinced from her observation that hu
man help was in vain. Miss Keene
remained with the President until he
was taken from the theatre.
ll=
Scores of people were seen all day
looking at the house where the Presi
dentbreathed hislast. Artists were there
sketching it and the theatre opposite.
The front entrance is reached by winding
steps, fifteen or twenty in number, so
characteristic of this locality, but a style
almost unknown to New York. There
is nothing about the building to make
it attractive.
10=E31
The room in which Mr. Lincoln was
laid when taken into the dwelling is in
the rear of the building, and at the end
of the main hall, from which rises a
stairway. The walls were covered with
a brownish paper, figured with white.
It is quite small—not over ten feet in
width and fifteen feet in length. Two
or three engravings and a photograph
hung upon the walls. The engravings
were copies of the "Village Blacksmith"
and Herring's " Stable and Barnyard
Scenes." The photograph was one
taken from an engraved copy of Rosa
Bonhenr's " Horse Fair." The only
furniture in the room was a bureau coy ,
ered with crochet, a table, eight or nine
plain chairs, and the bed upon which
Mr. Lincoln lay when his spirit took
its flight. The bedstead was a low wal
nut, with headboard from two to three
feet high. The floor was carpeted with
Brussels, considerably worn. Every
thing on the bed was stained with the
blood of the Chief Magistrate of the na
tion. It was in this quiet but humble
place that the separation of the soul
and body took place. It was here that
the spirit took its departure and left the
earthly casket stiff, cold and motionless.
THE APPEARANCE OF THE WHITE
The interior of the White House to
day presented a scene of overwhelming
sadness. An air of desolation pervaded
the whole building. The officers and
domestics of the household moved about
with noiseless tread, as if fearful to dis
turb the last sleep of the great good
heart which was stilled forever, or to
arouse the grief of the mourners who
were sobbing over their irreparable be
reavement.
The body of the late Chief Magistrate
of the nation was temporarily laid out
in one of the upper rooms of the house,
known asthe guests' room, in the north
west corner of the building. No change
has been made in the arrangement of
the furniture. In the middle of the
room were two undertaker's stools, cov
ered with black velvoi, upQn which
rested the cloth-covered cooling board
on which were placed all that remains
here of him who, having conducted the
nation through a period of adversity
unparalleled in the history of the world,
was about to win the glorious title of
the great pacificator. The body was
dressed in the suit of plain black worn
by him on the occasion of his last inau
guration. Upon his pillow and over
the breast of the corpse were scattered
white flowers and green leaves, offer
ings of affection. The features are
'natural. A placid smile is upon the
lips. The eyes and upper part of the
cheeks are still discolored by the effects
of the cruel shot which caused his
death. The face, however, is natural,
and the broad brow and firm jaw re
main as in the portraits of the late
President, so familiar to the people.
THE ASSASSINS AND THEIR ACCOM-
Two theories are pursued in regard to
the escape of the assassins of Mr. Lin
coln and the Sewards. One is thatthey
have really gone from the city ; the
other that they are still concealed here.
There is now no doubt that more than
two were connected with the trarric.oc
curence. Information has been obtain
ed showing that six or more were en
gaged in it. The authorities believe,
from their investigations, that there
were a number of aiders and abettors
besides the principal actors. It is now
definitely ascertained that John Wilkes
Booth is the murderer of President Lin
coln. There are stories afloat show
ing that long ago he manifested
a disposition to become an actor
in some such great tragedy. A vast
amount of testimony has been taken on
the subject, showing that it was his in
tention to have committed the deed on
the 4th of March last ; but this is irrele
vant to the question of immediate in
terest. On Friday last he dined at
Weleker's restaurant, the most fashion
able one in the city. After dinner he
returned to the National Hotel. When
he was leaving he was noticed by Mr.
Merritt, the clerk, to be unusually pale
and nervous. He asked for a sheet of
paper and envelope, and commenced to•
write a letter at the public counter. Ob
serving that a number of people were at
theTounter„ he requested to be allowed.
request _was acceded to. While writing
he inquired If it was 1864 or 1865, and
was answered, " Don't you know the
year you live in?" Upon finishing
his'letter he deposited it in the mail
box and proceeded to Ma main. About
seveno' clock he came downto the office,
and, upon handing his key to Mr.
Bunker, the clerk, on duty,. the latter
remarked his unusual ,paleness and
marble:like appearance, and asked if he
was ill. He answered quickly, "No,"
and asked, "Are you going to Ford's
theatre to-night?" Mr. Bunker replied
" No." He said, " You ought to go;
there is to be some splendid acting there
to-night." The next ; heard. of Booth
was a little after 7 o'clock, when he, in
company with five others, entered the
drinking saloon of George Harry, ad
joining Ford's Theatre, and all of them
drank together. The emphasis of their
manner in taking thedrink attracted
attention. After drinking they formal
ly shook hanffs with each other, bidding
one another good bye. Upon leaving
the bar-room two of the party. rode off
on horseback. After the ;tragic occur
rence at Ford's Theatre an officer com
manding one of the fortifications east of
the city was hurrying to his command,
and was accompanied by an orderly.
Between Lincoln Hospital and Camp
Rarry they came upon two men riding
desperately. These two turned down a
lane' in which were four others, all
mounted. The officer and-his orderly
gave chase, and were fired upon. The
orderly was wounded, and the party
pursued rode rapidly away and escaped
with those who were evidently waiting
for them.
These facts, in connection with others
which for the present should not be
published, lead to the belief that the
horsemen who crossed the Anacostia
river on that night were accomplices
an,4 decoys, aud that the real culprits
are either concealed in the city or have
taken a different direction.
VIOE PRESIDENT JOHNSON TO HAVE
BEEN ALSO ASSASSINATED.
It is very evident that the then Vice
President Johnson was included in the
murderous' programme of Friday night.
On Thursday a man of genteel appear
ance took a room at Kirkwood's Hotel,
where Mr. Johnson boards. For reasons
best known to the proprietor or the de
tective, the name registered has not been
disclosed. During the following day he
was particular in his inquiries about
the room of Mr. Johnson, his where
abouts and habits. Since Friday night
the strange lodger has not been seen,
and on breaking open his room last
night there were found concealed be
tween the bed and mattrass a bowie
knife and navy revolver, and a bank
book of J. Wilkes Booth, showing a
balance of over four hundred dollars in
bank. During the afternoon of Friday,
Booth called at Kirkwood's, and sent to
Mr. Johnson a card, as follows :
" Don'twish to disturb you. 'Are you
at home ? J. WILKES BOOTH.'
When the assassination of Mr. Lin
coln occurred Senator Farwell, of Maine,
was in the theatre, and hurried to Mr.
Johnson's room and woke him up, to
apprize him of the horrid tragedy.—
Upon entering the room he took the
precaution to extinguish the light. It
may be that this circumstance, or per
haps the early retiring of Mr. Johnson,
saved him from assassination.
Since his inauguration President
Johnson is attended from and to his
hotel by a mounted guard.
MRS. LINCOLN REMAINS SECLUDED
As yet few visitors, and only those
who are known to sympathize deeply
in the family affliction, have been ad
mitted to the mansion. In this hour
of her deep affliction Mrs. Lincoln has
been attended only by General J. B. S.
Todd and her two sons, Robert and lit
tle Tad, until to-day. Mrs. Secretary
Welles has been with her all day. Mrs.
Lincoln has refused to receiveany visits
of condolence, and has consented to see
only Secretary Stanton, of the Cabinet,
who had an interview with her this af
ternoon to ascertain her wishes in re
gard to the funeral ceremonies. Her
sister, Mrs. Grimsley, who has been
much with her, is expected to arrive
here on Tuesday next, Mrs. Lincoln
has been much prostrated by this deep
and mournful tragedy, which, in the
moment of his greatest triumph, has
bereft her of him whose greatness and
goodness was her great pride. She has,
however, borne the blow with heroic
firmness, and while trying to comfort
her sons for their great loss, has, under
the ministrations of Dr. .R. K. Stone,
the family physician, Ven enabled to
bear the sad blow that has befallen her
household.
Yesterday Surgeon General Barnes,
Dr. Stone, the late President's family
physician ; Drs. Crane, Curtis, Wood=
ward, Toft and other eminent medical
men performed an : autopsy on the body
of the President.
The external appearance of the face
was that of a deep black stain about
both eyes. Otherwise the face was very
natural.
The wound was on the left side of the
head, behi d, on a line with and three
inches from the left ear.
The course of the ball was obliquely
forward, toward the right eye, crossing
the brain obliquely a few inches behind
the eye, where the ball lodged.
In the track of the wound were found
fragments of bone which had been
driven forward by the ball.
The ball was found imbedded in the
anterior lobe of the west hemisphere of
the brain.
The orbit plates of both eyes were the
seat of comminuted fracture, and the
orbits of the eyes were filled with ex
travasted blodd.
The serious injury to the orbit plates
was due to the centre coup, the result
of the intense shock of so large a pro
jectile fired so closely to the head.
The ball was evidently a Deringer,
hand cast, and from which the neck
had been clipped.
A shaving of lead had been removed
from the ball in its passage through the
bones of the skull, and was found in
the orifice of the wound. The first
fragment of bone was found two and a
half inches within the brain, the second
and a larger fragment about fora• inches
from the orifice. The ball lay still
further in advance. The wound was
half an inch in diameter.
The coffin of the President measures
in the clear six feet and six inches in
length, and eighteen inches in breadth
at the breast.
A strong military guard has been
placed around the residences of the
several Cabinet officers, and around the
Executive Mansion.
The Induction of Mr. Johnson Into Office.
- WASHINGTON, April 16, 1865.
Yesterday morning Attorney-General
Speed waited upon the Hon. Andrew
Johnson, Vice President of the United
States, and officially informed him of
the sudden and unexpected decease of
President Lincoln, and requested that
an•early hour might be appointed for
the inauguration of his successor. The
following is a copy of the communica
tion referred to :
WASHINGTON CITY, D. C., April 15—
Sir: Abraham Lincoln, President of
the United States, was shot by an as
sassin last evening at Ford's theatre, in
this city, and died at the hour of twenty
two minutes after 7 o'clock this day.
About the same time at which the
President was shot, an assassin entered
the sick chamber of the Hon. Wm. H.
Seward, Secretary of State, and stabbed
him in several places in the throat,
neck and face, severely, if not mortally,
wounding him. Other members of the
Secretary's family were dangerously
wounded by the assassin while making
his escape. By the death of President
Lincoln the office of President has de
volved, under the Constitution, upon
you. The emergency of the govern
ment demands that you should imme
diately qualify according to the require
ments of the Constitution, and enter
upon the duties of President of the
United States. If you will please make
known your pleasure, such arrange
ments as you deem proper will be made.
Your obedient servants,
Hunn McCuLLocit, Secretary of the
Treasury.
EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of
War.
GIDEON WELLES, Secretary of the
Navy.
- Wm. DENNISON, Postmaster-General.
J. P. USHER, Secretary of the In
terior.
JAMES SPEED, Attorney General.
To Andrew Johnson, Vice President
of the United States.
M. Johnson requested that the cere
mony should take place at his rooms at
the Kirkwood House, in this city, at ten
o'clook in the morning. Hon. Salmon
P. Chase, Chief Justice of the Supreme
Court of the United States, was notified
of the fact, and desiredi to be in attend
ance to administerthe oath of office. At
the above named hour the following
gentlemen assembled in the Vice Presi
dent's room to participate' in the cere
mony ; Hop.
.balmon P. Chtte, Hon.
Hugh McCulloch, Secretary of the
Treasury, Mr. Attorney General Speed,
F. P. Blair, Sr., Hon. Montgomery
Blair,Senators Foot of Vermont,Ramsey
of Minnesota, Yates of Illinois, Stewart
ofNevada, Hale ofNew Hampshire, and
Gen. Farnsworth of Illinois. After the
presentation of the above letter the
Chief Justice administered the follow
ing oath to Mr. Johnson :
--- • .
Ido solemnly swear that I will
faithfully execute the office of President
of the United States, and will to the
best of my ability preserve, protect and
defend the Constitution of the United
States."
7: After receiving the oath, and being
declared Ikresident of the United States,
Mr. Johngton remarked :
Gentlemen,
I must be permitted to
say, that I have been almost over
whelmed by the announcement of the
sad event.which has so recently occur
red. I feel incompetent to perform
duties so important and so responsible
as those vitich have been so unexpect
edly thrown upon me. As to an indi
cation of any policy which may be pur
sued by me in the administration of the
government, I have to say that that
must be left for development as the ad
ministration progresses.
The message or declaration must be
Made by the acts as they transpire. The
only assurance that I can now give of
the future is reference to the past. The
course which I have taken in the past
in connection with this rebellion must
be regarded as a guaranteeof the future.
My past public life, which has been long
and laborious, has been founded, as I in
good conscience believe, upon a great
principle of right, which liesat the basis
of all things. The best energies of my
life have been spent in endeavoring to
establish and perpetuate the principles
of free government, and I believe that
the government, in passing through its
present perils, will settle down upon
principles conson an t with popular rights
more permanent and enduring than
heretofore. I must be permitted to say,
if I understand the feelings of my own
heart, that I have long labored to ame
liorate and elevate the condition of the
great mass of the American people. Toil
and an honest advocacy of the great
principles of free government have been
my lot. Duties have been mine—con
sequences are Clod's. This has been the
foundation of my political creed, and I
feel that in the end the government will
triumph, and that these great principles
will be permanently established.
In conclusion, gentlemen, let me say
that I want your encouragement and
countenance. I shall ask and rely upon
you and others in carrying the govern
ment through its present perils. I feel,
in making this request, that it will be
heartily responded to by you and all
other patriots and lovers, of the rights
and interests of a free people.
At the conclusion of the above re
marks the President received the kind
wishes of the friends by whom he was
surrounded, and a few minutes were
devoted to convesation. All were deeply
impressed with the solemnity of the
occasion, and tne recent sad occurrence
that caused the necessity for the speedy
inauguration of the President was
gravely discussed.
Mr. Johnson is in fine health, and has
an earnest sense of the important trust
that has been confided to him. William
Hunter, Esq., the Chief Clerk in the
State Department, has been appointed
Acting Secretary of State. A special
meeting of the Cabinet was held at the
Treasury Department at 10 o'clock this
morning.
lea=l
WASHINGTON, April 15.—President
Johnson and his Cabinet held their first
formal meeting this afternoon, at the
Treasury Depaament,in the room of Sec
retary McCulloch.
President Johnson, in conversation
with a distinguished gentleman to-day,
said at present he saw no necessity for
an extra session of Congress, and further
that he would not commit himself to a
policy which would prevent visiting
condign punishment on traitors. He
had been fighting rebels here and in
Tennessee, and his previous course
might be regarded as an indication of
his future conduct upon this subject.
TB E CWSEQUIES OF THE LATE PRESI-
WasHINGTON, April IG.—The corpse
of the late President has been laid out
in the room known as the guests' room
in the northwest wing of the White
House. It is dressed in the suit of black
clothes worn by him at his last inaugu
ration. A placid smile rests upon the
features, and the deceased seems to be
in a calm sleep. White flowers have
been placed upon the pillow and over
the breast. The corpse of the President
will be laid in state in the east room on
Tuesday in order to give the public an
opportunity to see once more the features
of him they loved so well. Prepara
tions are being made to that end, under
the supervision of upholsters:' The
catafalque upon which the body
will rest is to be placed in the south
part of the east room, and is
somewhat similar in style to that
used on the occasion of the death of
President Harrison. Steps will be
placed at the side to enable the public
to get a perfect view of the face. The
catafelque will be lined with fluted white
satin, and on the outside it will be cov
ered with black cloth and kirk velvet.
It is understood that the funeral of
President Lincoln will take place on
Thursday next. The Rev. Dr. Gurley,
of New York Avenue Presbyterian
Church, where the President and his
family have been accustomed to wor
ship, will doubtless be the officiating
clergyman. The remains will be tem
porarily deposited in a vault of the
Congressional Cemetery, and hereafter
will be taken to Mr. Lincoln's home, at
Springfield, 111.
The funeral car, which is being pre
pared for the occasion, is to be a mag
nificent affair. It is to be built on a
hearse body, the extreme length to be
14 feet, the body of the car will be
covered with black cloth, from which
will hang large festoons of cloth, the
sides and ends gathered and fastened by
large rosetts of white and black satin,
over bows of white and black velvet.—
The bed of the car in which the coffin
will rest will be eight feet from
the ground, in order to give a full view
of the coffin, and over this will rise a
canopy, the supports of which will be
draped with black cloth and velvet.—
The top of the car will be decorated with
plumes, and the car will be drawn by
six or eight horses, each led by agroom.
THE FUNERAL OF MR. LINCOLN.
WAstma - vrox, April 16.—The Presi
dent and Cabinet, at the meeting to
day, entrusted to Assistant Secretary of
the Treasury Harrington the general ar
rangement of the programme for the
funeral of the late President.
Major French, the Commissioner of
Public Buildings, will attend to the
carrying out of so much of it as directly
appertains to the corpse, and Major
General Augur, in charge of the de
fenses of Washington, will be in charge
of the military part of the procession.
Assistant Secretary Harrington has
been in consultation to-night relative
to the arrangements with Gen. Ogelsby,
Senator Yates, and Representative Ar
nold, of Illinois, and Generals Grant,
Halleck, Augur, and Colonel Nichols,
and Admirals Farragut and Shubrick.
The funeral ceremonies of the late
President will take place on Wednes
day. The time for the remains to leave
the city, as well as the route by which
they will be taken to Springfield, is as
yet undetermined.
The procession will form at 11 o'clock;
the religious ceremonies will commence
at noon, at which hour throughout the
whole land the various religious soci
eties have been requested to assemble in
their respective places of worship for
prayer. The procession will move at 2
P. M. Details will be made known as
soon as perfected. The acting Secretary
of State has issued the following ad
dress :
TO THE PEOP,LE OF THE UNITED
STATES : The undersigned is directed to
announce that the funeral ceremonies
of the late lamented Chief Magistrate
will take place at the Executive Man
sion, in this city, at 12 o'clock noon, on
Wednesday, the 19th inst. The various
religious denominations throughout the
country are invited to meet in their re
spective places of worship at that hour,
for the purpose of solemnizing the oc
casion with appropriate ceremonies.
(Signed) W.M. HUNTER,
Acting Secretary of State.
Department of State, Washington,
April 17th, 1865.
France has had sixty-seven , queens.
Miserable lives they led. Eleven were
divorced ; two executed ; nine died
young ; seven were widowed early ;
three cruelly treated ; three exiled. The
rest were either poisoned or broken
hearted.
The new Vice President, Senator
Fosterof Connecticut, arrived in Wash
ington yesterday.
George D. Prentice
There was a time when the utter
ances of the distinguished journalist
whose name stands at the head of this
article , were- held in no lightesteem by
tAe'cipponeufs of the Democratic party.
We presnmeMr. Prentice is as wise now
as he was wh&f. he was recognized as
the leading editor of the Clay Whigs of
the United . States, and therefore we can
see no reason why his old political as
sociates, (of whom there are twelve
thousand in Lancaster county), should
not pay the same respect to his opinions
in 186,5 that they did in 1844. At any
rate, we feel like inviting their atten
tion to the following from the Louisullle
Journal of Friday last :
Anonymous accuses narrow-minded
people, meaning thereby all not inflamed
with its own agony and party ambition,
with overlooking the North and seeing
only that the South are to be conciliated.
Now, we don't propose to conciliate
the North, for the simple reason that
they have the power to conciliate them
selves. They can dictate terms, right
or wrong, if not one way, then another.
As they have the destiny of this coun
try in their hands, they have the re
sponsibility now of a final settlement.
They eschew all responsibility for what
has happened, but impartial history
will tell the plain truth, that they pro
voked the rebellion. They did what
was calculated to bring trouble, accord
ing to all the lessons of experience in
government. Their fidelity to the Con
stitution and the goverhment, when it
was not in their hands, is well under
stood. They do not see their own
crimes. They lay them on God or des
tiny.
Now, we want this party to provoke
no more rebellions. The disastrous end
of this one will be a warning for a time
just as long as the pressure lasts.
But there is a warning on the other
side. A country can't afford to put
down such rebellions often. The sacri
fice of hundreds of thousands of lives,
and a debt of four or five thousand mil
lions to tax the toil and sweatof all gen
erations to come is a solemn warning to
rulers not to provoke such a contest nor
to encounter another.
The responsibility of rebels ends with
their overthrow ; but that of the Gov
ernment remains. Its imperative duty
is to provoke no more rebellions, and
leave no seeds of any that ean be smother
ed out.
We don't apprehend that the majority
willget up a rebellion against themselves
and hence there is no danger of a rebel
lion now from them. We don't think
it necessary to conciliate them to keep
down rebellions.
We see, however, an extraordinary
congestion of Federal power in Execu
tive hands, and every disposition to en
hance it without limit. No usurpation
of power, no possible violation of Con
stitutions, no invasion of the rights of
persons and property, awaken any ap
prehensions. We have what we never
had before—an enormous debt, which
must bring oppressive and unequal tax
ation. We have a currency all in the
handsof the Federal Government. And,
last of all, this everlasting negro ques
tion. It is only shifted a little, and in
a more unmanageable position than it
was before.
If there were causes that could ead to
rebellions before, what are there now?
Then it is not worth while to disguise
the fact that the Government has to
deal with vast populations disaffected,
'not at all disposed to co-operate with it
in anything. Hence we say it is the
duty of power to conciliate. If they
must have all the conciliation them
selves, they must meet the conse
quences, and we say this country can't
afford any more rebellions. It can no
more aflbrd it than the rebels can afford
to get them up. Rebellions are not pre
vented by heavy penalties and terrible
severity. Moderation and forbearance
alone prevent them.
Wisdom and moderation might have
prevented this rebellion. They were
not found, and ambitious men were left
with all the material to get it up in their
hands. They have learned a lesson;
but if the Govenment learns nothing, it
will be of no permanent value.
Abraham Lincoln
The incidents in the life of Abraham
Lincold are so generally known through
out the country that there is no special
call for an extended biographical notice
at this time.
Born on the 12th of February, 1809,
in Harden county, Kentucky, Mr. Lin
coln's 'early life was spent in poverty
and toil. His father, Thomas Lincoln,
removed from his homestead in Ken
tucky when Abraham was in his eighth
year, and settled in Spencer county, In
diana. After spending twelve years in
their new home, the family emi
grated to Decatur, Illinois, where
Abraham hired himself out as a'
farmhand to the neighbors, or as aclerk
in a store. In 1832, when the Black
Hawk war broke out, he joined a volun
teer company, and was chosen captain.
He was recorded as an efficient, faith
ful officer, watchful of his men, and
prompt in the discharge of his duty;
and his courage and patriotism shrank
from no dangers or hardships. After
his military'life he ran for the Legis
lature, but was defeated. He subse
quently failed in business, and was ap
pointed postmaster. In 1834 he was
sent to the Legislature, and when the
session was over he commenced the
study of law and obtained a license to
practice, in partnership with his friend
and former colleague in the Legislature,
Hon. John T. Stuart.
In 1847 Mr. Lincoln was elected to
Congress as the only Whig representa
tive from lillnois. While in the House,
he introduced a bill to abolish
slavery in the District of Columbia. His
nomination and election as President
in 181,0 and 1864 are suhjects of which all
are fully cognizant. The civil war
which followed ; the hundreds of thou
sands slain ; the act of emancipation,
and other events, which have rendered
the last four years the most memorable
in the history of the nation, need no
recital here.
It is a strangely dramatic conclusion
to so eventful a life, that just as the war
which had made memorable his first
term of office was coming to a close,
and on the fourth anniversary of the
surrender of Fort: Sumpter, he should
have been assassinated, and that too, at
the nationabcapital.
Juniata County
OIL.—By reference to our advertising
column it will be seen that a company has
been organized to prospect foroilorother
minerals in this county. The enter
prise is one that should commend itself
to the citizens of this county, and they
should encourage it with their means
and moral support. There are indica
tions in Um soil and springs, on the west
side of the river, in Turbett and Milford
townships, of oil, salt water and coal,
similar to those of the oil producing
regions. The land of the late Daniel
Spiese, Esq., in the latter township,
possesses all the merits to indue pros
pecting upon them. There are numer
ous salt and mineral springs upon them,
and the strong probability is, that the
oleagenous fluid is also there only await
ing development. We urge our citizens
to countenance the enterprise now
formed, as it may be the means of de
veloping untold wealth to them.
HORSE THIEF ARRESTED.—On the
night of the 27th ult., a bay mare was
stolen frorrrMr. John Cleck, of Walker
township, who promptly offered a re
ward of $lOO for the arrest of the thief
and the recovery of the property. Mr.
James Adams and B. F. Sehweir start
ed in pursuit of the thief and arrested
him three miles above Ikesburg, Perry
County. His name is Wm. Harman,
and is a resident of Perry. He was
lodged in jail at this place, and will be
tried at the April term, commencing on
the 24thinst.-11fijiintown Democrat.
St. Louis Horse and Mule Market
Goverinnent is still taking Horses and
Mules, although many dealers expect them
to stop from day to day, and buy with great
caution. There is no change in the price or
inspection of Government stock.
Fine Horses are in better demand and
and meet with ready sales. Large draft
Horses are wanted, but few arriving. Mares
Bell readily at,sloo to $2OO each, as to quality.
Large Mules are in good demand at prices
ranging from $2OO to $350 each. Now that
the war is about ended, it is expected that
fine horses will improve in price. As soon
as the restrictions are taken off from ship
ping South, there will be a better demand
for this class of horses.—Price Current.
A destructive fire occurred in South
and Water sts., New York, on Sunday.
The buildings burned were mostly
bonded warehouses filled with hemp,
rice, tea, sugar, cotton and other articles
to the amount of over $1,500,000. Most
of the loss is covered by insurance. The
total loss vp be overs2,9o , •
I • 1
Geikerai
From the Boston Courier.
We are glad to seethat Edward Bates,
of Missouri, who resigned his post as
Attorney General of the United States'
last year, because he could not approve
of the unlawful acts of the Administra
tion as was understood at the time, has
come out in the Missouri papers with
important suggestions calculated to turn
the minds of others in the right direc-3
tion. The following is an extract from
his letter, which appeared on Monday.
week :
I feel irresistibly compelled to volun-.
teer in the service of the State, pledging,..;
myself to do what in me lies in resisting--
the revolutionary violence which now
threatens to overwhelm all interests.
And I see no way in which I can hope,.
so efficiently, to serve the people of the"
State as by addressing you through the
press, and in that way givin ,, you my
opinion and advice (the best I ' am capa
ble of forming) of the evils by which we
are now beset, and the possible remedies
which may yet lie within our reach.
I have assumed, and, in the forthcom
ing articles, shall endeavor to maintain
(along with others not now stated) the
following distinct propositions :
1. Martial law is not the governing
rule over this State. It does not exist
here ; and all that has been done under
that pretence and contrary to the laws
of the land was, and is, a personal wrong ;
and a punishable usurpation.
2. The government of the various sec
tions an ddistricts of this State by Pro
vost Marshals is an unlawful and danger- '
ous anomaly. Provost Marshals are
strictly military, and incapable of civil
functions. They are simply military
police officers—neither more nor less.
3. The law of the land (as found in the
Constitutions and statutes of the tinged '
States and the State of Missouri) do not
fail to confer upon the officers of Gov
eminent, National and State, all the
powers which are necessary to the suc
cessful prosecution of the war and to the •
peaceful rule of the country. And any
attempt to substitute, in place of the laws,
the will of any military officer, is not
only an act of disloyalty, but is also a
dangerous blow struck at the Govern
ment's lawful power for good.
4. The Convention now sitting in St.
Louis is revolutionary—in its origin, ill
its composition and character, in some
of its proceedings already passed, and in
others clearly indicated in the course of
its action. Instead of being" omnipo
tent," as some extremists claim, it has
not a tittle of power granted by law.
And as it has no granted powers, and
written limitation upon the power as
sumed, it cannot have any duties, and
may do, at its own caprice, anything or
nothing. But whatever it has done or
may do can carry with it no legal obli
gation, until ratified the people or ac
quiesced in by the State.
In the next number I intend to treat
of martial law, and the manner in which
it is sought to be used and abused in this
State. EDWARD BATES.
Some Particulars of Lee's Surrender
A letter from the Army of the Poto
mac, dated April 12, says The final ar
rangements for the surrender of Lee's
army were complet&lyesterday, and to
day they are at liberty to proceed to
their homesor elsewhere, as they choose.
The terms granted were certainly of a
very liberal character. A large number
of officers, together with thousands of
the men of this army, express their dis
satisfaction, not only at the unprece
dented liberality granted to the Army
of Northern Virginia, but at the man
ner in which they were paroled and al
lowed to go their way, without our men
being permitted to enjoy the results of
their long struggle in the passage
through the lines of General Lee and
his army; but it is claimed this would
have been humiliating to General-Leo
and his officers, and that it is not the
wish or desire of our Government or
commbnders to act toward them in any
way that would tend to irritate their feel
ings ormake theirposition more intolera
ble than it actually is. The policy pur
sued may have been for the best, and
our soldiers will submit, as they always
do, to what is judged most wise. During
!Sunday night and Monday large num
bers of the rebels, as well as some of
ficers, made their escape from the Lines.
and scattered through thewoods,many,,
no doubt, intending to return home.—
Our camps, last night were filled with
them, begging something to eat, which,.
of course, was freely given. These men,
when asked if they had been paroled,,
invariably replied " No," but were al
lowed to go where they pleased.
The number General Lee claimed to
about given up was 10,000 muskets, with
as many more men from the commissa
ry, quartermaster's hospital, and other
departments; butthe officers who have
been permitted to pass through their
camps assert that not more than. seven
or eight thousand will be found to have
been surrendered. The cavalry operat
ing with Lee was also turned over, but
only a small force, with broken-down
horses, could be found, report stating
that the best had teen picked out and
sent to Johnston. The number of guns
taken was thirty, with from three to
four hundred wagons, very little am
munition, and no supplies. As an evi
dence of the state of their commissary,
when they reached Farmville, the resi
dents tell us they had been issuing ears
of corn to men for several days previous,
but that a train from Lynchburg met
them there with flour and pork. Out
of some two thousand horses turned
over to us, not more than two hundred
were found to be worth a single ration
of forage for each.
Commissioner Ould and Assistant
Commissary Hatch were captured on
their way from Richmond toward Dan
\dile, and brought into camp on Sun
day. They had a.large southern ex
press wagon, filled with cigars, liquors,
and other luxuries, and by some under
standing were allowed to go into Lee's
lines. They returned last evening, and
are said to have gone to Richmond on
some business connected with the ex
change question.
Orders Were issued last evening for a
movement of troops now here. The
Second and Sixth corps are to start this
morning for Burkesville Junction, the
cavalry and Twenty-fourth corps to go
toward Danville. while the Fifth will
remain to take possession of and brin,,-
away the property and effects of Lee'S.
army.
The trains are now running to Mutes
ville Junction, but the road being in a
rather shaky condition, not much regu
larity is as yet attainable for the time
me
being.
Brigadier General Smyth died on the
fith from the of of the wounds re
ceived on the fith inst. His body hie
been embalmed, and is 011 its way to his
late home. He lived at Wilmington,
Del., and leaves a wife and child
mourn his loss.
Drafting and Recruiting in the Lope ,
States to be Stopped.
PURCHASES AND EXPENSE.% TO RC
Military Re tractions on Trade to be
Removed.
WASHINGTON, April 13.
To Major General Dix, Atte York:
This Department, after mature con
sideration and consultation with the
Lieutenant General upon the results of
the recent campaigns, has come to the
following determination, which will be
carried into effect by appropriate orders
to be immediately issued:
First—To stop all drafting and re
cruiting in the loyal States.
Second—Tocurtail purchases for arms,
ammunition, quartermaster's and com
missary supplies, and reduce the ex
penses of the military establishment in
its several branches.
Third—To reduce the number of gen—
eral and staff officers to the actual ne
cessities of the service.
Fourth—To remove all milita...Ty re
strictions upon trade and commerce so
far as may be consistant with the public
safety.
As soon as these measures can be put
in operation it will be made known by
public orders.
EDWIN M. STANTON,
Secretary of War.
Three thousand bales of the cotton.
captured at Savannah by Gen. Sher
man were sold on Tuesday at New
York, on Government account, at the
Merchants' Exchange salesrooms,.
Broadway. The conditions were pay
ment before delivery, in gold or gold
certificates. Middling qualities sold at
15c. ; ordinary to middling, 21e2,21c. ;
low middling, 19®19i-c.; good ordinary,
15®16c., and some repacked and pick
ings sold at 81c.
A fresh fracture was discovered on
Saturday in Seoretaxy Seward's jaw, but
the physicians all agree thathe exhibita
wonderfal yittaity,...
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