-.-'*.tit... """: ~'Y=_"^..^(~l/.~..t•.M
• '1
~W4PNV4PAY;" AWOL 14el&
-''''''Tliirprinting pretties* shall 'be tree -to every
• ,person who undertakes to examine. the pro
)1, , ceedints of the legislature; or tuiy branch of
goVernment; and no law shall ever be made
to restrain the right thereof. - - The free commu
nication of-thought and opinions is one of the
invaluable• rights •of men; and every citizen
j l i my : freely speak, Write and print on any sub
t; bing responsible for abuse -of that
li ec berty. e -- In -proseeutions for th the e
publication of
papers Investigating the official conduct of offi
cers, or men in public capacities, or where the
matter published its proper for public informs
tioti,• the truth thereof may be given in evi
dence."—Chnsaintion of Pennsylvania.
Mho Oppose Peace?
The, mass of the people, both in the
North and the' South, would hail the
return 'of an 'honorable peace with
heartfelt joy. ;]'here would be rejoicing
in every humble home in the land
..-How the tidings would thrill the hearts
of those who have dear ones exposed
to all the dreadful uncertainties of the
battle-field! The announcement that
".this cruel war is over " would cause
a shout of gladness to go up from every
city and town, from village and hamlet,
from the farm-house and from the la
borer's humble cottage. Everywhere,
among the masses of the people, the ad
vent of peace Would be hailed as the
greatestpossible earthly blessing. What
prevents its coming? Why can we not
have a speedy and an honorable peace?
We do not believe there are any in
surmountable obstacles in the way. The
military situation is just now most favor.
able to an early and honorable ending
of the existing strife. Whatever the
leaders of the rebellion might be dis
posed to do, the people of the South,
those who fill up the armies and con
stitute the bulk of the population,
might he easily reached and influenced
if those who are in control of our affairs
could be induced to lay aside passion
and predjudice, and to act with an eye
single to the good of the whole country.
What prevents Mr. Lincoln from offer
ing proper terms of adjustment?
We believe he'is controlled in his acts
by two classes of men. The one are the
malignant political fanatics; men Who
thanked God for the disgrace and the
slaughter at Bull Run. These are po
litical madmen. ' They are, at least,
complete monomaniacs. But a single
idea possesses them. For the sake of
having their theories fully tested they
are willing to have the war continue
indefinitely in the most bloody form.
They will never consent to Its ending
until the white man and the negro ai•e
put upon a footing of entire equality..
These are aided and abetted to a certain
extent by another wing of the Repub
lican party. Many of the leading men
of that organization, while not willing
to grant the negroes entire social equal
ity, are anxious that he should he al
lowed to vote.
This they know to be a necessary pre
requisite to their• continuance in power.
They are perfectly sure that nothing
can prevent them from being hurled
from office so soon as the war is over;
unless in the meantime they can con
fer the right of voting upon the negro.
Because the white man is not yet suffi
ciently subdued by arbitrary power
and intimidated by military violence
to submit to this degradation, they
wish the war to continue until they can '
perfect their plans for perpetuating their
rule by means of negro suffrage.
But, besides these there is another
very large and influential class. Tide
embraces those-who are making money
out of the war either directly or indi
rectly. How can we enumerate the
numbers or estimate the power and in
fluence of this class of men. The busi
ness built up exclusively by the war is
vast, and it employs an immense
amount of talent and energy. The men
who are engaged in it are most inti
mate in the inner political circles at
Washington. They reach the ear of
the President readily, and represent the
only portion of the business world with
whom he comes in contact.
In numbers they are a host; and by
their collective exertions they create
the atmosphere in which Mr. Lincoln
lives, and moves, and has his being.
Ninety-nine out of every hundred men
with whom the President converses
from month's end to month's end, are
persons growing or already grown
wealthy from profits made out of busi
ness created or fostered and cherished
by the wax; or they are such as are liv
ing out of . the federal taxes and loans.
They are manufacturers, contractors,
.shoddyites of all classes and description,
and Government officials. Combined
they constitute a vast and powerful
body. Of course they are all devotedly
loyal, after the fashion of these days, and
utterly offposed to offering any terms of
peace to the South.
The fanatics who constitute the first
class precipitated the war upon the
country; both classes desire its con
tinuance. What does it matter to them
how much the people suffer. Neither
fanaticism nor avarice know what
mercy means. The one would help to
crush the lives of millions beneath the
Juggernaut of war to gratify its malig
Imo t hate; the other would gladly con
tinue to distill the blood of the people
into gold, with which to fill its CMVill&
In the one or the other of these two
classes are to be found all those who o
pose the offering of fair terms of adjust
ment to the South. How long will the
people consent to suffer and bleed, that
fanaticism and avarice may be gratified?
Is it not the veriest mockery in the
world for any people to call themselves
free, while all they hold most clear is
made to depend upon the caprices of a
set of fanatics, or the avaricious desires
of those who are coining money out of
their country's misfortunes, and grow
ing rich upon the miseries of the popu
face?
AMONG THE PENALTIES we have had
to pay for the election of an Abolition
ist to the Presidency in 1860, is the
almost total destruction of our carrying
trade on the ocean. Of imports and
exports at New York in 1860, the last
yeas• of Mr. BUCHANAN'S administra
iron, two hundred and thirty-four million
dollars worth were carried by American
vessels, and one hundred and fifty Mil
lion by foreign yesgels. In 1804, tit-4
year last past of Mr. LINCOLN'S admin
istration, s'venty-four millions were
carried by American vessels and four
hundred and six millions by foreign
vessels. •
While American ships are rotting at
the wharves of our seaport towns, and
foreign vessels are doing our carrying
on the ocean, because of the insufficient
protection afforded to our merchant
vessels by our badly managed navy,
against the three or four Confederate
ships afloat, Mr. Lincoln lends a war
vessel to the negro government of Li
beria, and employs a fleet in the trans
portation of abolition excursionists to
Charleston, Savannah, and other points
of interest on the Southern seaboard.
A PROMINENT New England Aboli
tionist got thrown off the New Haven
railroad track last week. He ay un
conscious for a little while, and when he
revived, he did not know himself and
could not tell his own name. The same
thing has several times happened to the
anti-democratic party. Being knocked
off the track, it has forgotten its own
name and failed to recognize itself. This
accounts for its numerous change s o f
name, and for the delusion it labors
under of being loyal to a government
whose Constitution it has reviled for
half a aentu4 and at /ant subverted.
•
---- Frecnegrolilbor. _
The abolition of slavery in the British,
West Indies, by act of the,.lmperial
Parliament; destroyed the agriculture
and commerce of thoaaslands. Jamaica4 c .
which at one time deserved to be classed
among the garden spots of the-:world;,
was by that act of misdirectedt : philan
thropy converted into a'iziarren waste:
Her rileichants "Were baik.krupted - : or
driven to other fields of enterprise; her
planters were reduced to poverty; and,
her negroes were converted from indus
trious cultivators of the soil into lazy
loungers who preferred basking in the
sunshine to laboring in the field.
Travelers over that once flourishing and
highly-cultivated county now encounter
evidences of neglect and decay at every
turn. The " master " is gone ; his state
ly old mansion is crumbling to the
earth, and the broad acres which once
waved with a luxuriant growth of cane,
are covered with weeds and brambles.
The " freedman " still lingers about the
old plantation, but his cottage wears a
far less cheerful aspect than it wore
when he was a slave. The time-honored
annual whitewashing has fallen into
disuse. That is the work of "servants,"
not of " freedmen." The garden fence
has gone down, and the " freedman "
finds it easier to let it lie than to lift it
up. What is "freedom " to him if he
cannot abstain from the labor which
brought sweat to his brow before the
British Parliament in its wisdom broke
the shackles that bound him to a mas
ter ?
With the example of the British West
India Islands before their eyes, the Ab
olition leaders in this eounty,*rejecting
the Crittenden Compromise,: which
would have secured us peace forever,
deliberately went to war for the pur
pose of freeing the negroes in the South
ern States. How much money they
have spent, how much blood they have
shed, and how much misery they have
wrought, are known to the world. How
they have succeeded in their attempt to
produce the great staples of the South
by the labor of "freedmen," may be
learned by reading an account of the
working of Gen. Banks's free labor sys
tem in Louisiana, which we publish on
our first page. That account gives the
experience of a gentleman who has
been engaged in cane-raising and sugar
making for thirty years. Attempting
to work his plantation with " freed
men" under regulations prescribed by
Gen. Banks, he sunk nearly six thous
. and dollars in a single year, not count
ing the loss of his own time or the use
of his land, teams, machinery and agri
cultural tools This gentleman attrib
utes his ill-success to what is no doubt
the true cause, viz : want of control
over the laborers. Like their "freed"
brothers in Jamaica, they understand
freedom to mean exemption from labor,
and they shirked their duty when their
services were most needed. They were
required to work ten hours a day in
summer and nine in winter. These
were not hard conditions. A majority
of white laborers at the North work full
ten hours per day the whole year round,
seldom loohig a day. But the "freed"
laborers employed by the gentleman
whose experience we publish did not
ork every day. The men and boys
each put in only nine months labor,
taking the average during the year,
whilst the women and girls averaged
only seven and a half.
Let the Abolitionists succeed in their
attempt to uproot the social system of
the Southern States, and the productive
cane-tields awl - cotton plantations of the
South will in a very few years present
the same desolate appearance that
wearies the eye and oppresses the mind
of the traveler in Jamaica, whilst the
industrious and well-fed slave will de
generate, into the lazy and half-starved
free negro
`•That Single Drink
After some hesitation, the New York
Mrthodi,/ pays its respects to the great
Plebeian's inaugural debauch It says:
"We feel the disgrace the more keen
ly because our own vote helped to bring
on the mortifying spectacle. We were
not aware when we dropped our ballot
on the sth of November last, that we
were contributing to any such scheme,
and in the name of the country's de
cency, we tell the men who meet in
National Conventions, that they must
not again put us to the hard necessity
ofchoosing between doubtful patriotism
sober and unquestionable loyalty drunk.
When we remember how, at his inau
guration, Washington bowed himself
reverently to kiss the Bible, without
touching it with his hand, and how
every President and Vice President
since has conducted himself with be
coming propriety on the solemn occa
sion, we feel the shame of the ill-timed
profanity and debauch all the more."
_ .
There are several other religious papers
throughout the country, says the Pitts
burg Post', which took an active part in
the last Presidential election, because
" a sense of duty" compelled them to
do so, but which have not at all alluded
to Johnson's condition on the day of his
inauguration. This is strange, esy ecial
ly in view of the fact of those papers
having been forced into politics, because
of the duty they felt they owed to the
cause of patriotism and " morality."
There are several eloquent Divines, too,
who lectured their congregations every
Sunda'- in favor of Johnson's election ;
but we have not heard of their having
made a single allusion to him since his
inauguration. Why do not these pious
and exemplary gentlemen, who delight
to preach politics instead of Christ
crucified, say something in condemna
tion of the most disgraceful scene that
ever took place in any deliberative as
semblage? These preachers will, if
they are not more circumspect, lose all
their influence ; their permitting John
son's conduct to pass unnoticed will
have a tendency to convince their con
gregations, that their mingling religion
with polities is intended to help parti
zanship at the expense of religion and
morality.
McClellan In Europe.
= Gen. McClellan is receiving marked
attention wherever he goes in Europe.
In England the Prince of Wales in
vited him to lecoxue his guest, and, not
satisfied with the apology that he was
going immediately to the Continent, he
pressed his acceptance of the invitation
on his return. In Paris he was the man
of mark, and, unsolicited, his friends
in Court sent him tickets for the grand
State ball. Thus we go. While at
home we have a drunken Vice Presi
dent, who is viewed with contempt,
the defeated candidate for the presidency
is admired by the wise, good, and noble
abroad. How marked the difference
between a gentleman and a boor!
R. BALDWIN, of the Worcester Spy,
member of Congress from Massachu
setts, &c., does not appear. to hold his
political frrie at Washington in very
high esteem. He says : "Forney is a
horn politician, and that of a low order.
He never aspired to anything higher.
Time fact that he holds an opinion
earnestly exposes it to suspicion; and
suggests the question, not seldom put,
what is Forney after now ?" He will
be after you, Mr. 8., if you speak so
plainly, often.
THE jolly Senators and favored citi
zens who went down to Savannah,
Charleston, Fortress Monroe, and all
around, in the United States steamer
Fulton, Captain Wotton, at the govern
ment's expense, have expressed their
thanks to the captain for bringing them
back. The Boston Post says that this
is more than the people will do who
are taxed to pay for their frolic.
air agiiiildiro peace rumors. Betal Banks's Free Labor System:
They have received strength fromgip 2.12,the Editors of the World:
undeniable fict that the Presigient, the t.i . e:! NEW ORLEANS, February •Ati . ct ,
Secretary of State, Gen. Sherman aptl ants: SupposW that you land mar . .
read_ ers.may Awytiltosity onEglinic ;
Gen: Grant are in-;conferencefat CIA•
etibieflVOl General" BanWaXlee Loaibre.
system, and the piospettfor *large - 63:13A
Point. -z:iNVliat ifi r r iiivsensia‘ at thtit
onacan tpll. The tribution , -from Louisiana to arctde44l
future maylieA , eal the 'truth such fraying the interest onithe heavy At)b4--"1
a time as this RI-Certainly cannot ben which is: clidlyabeinniilating, I ".g"party 01'4i - ensure; and
-
' th give yod my experience in the manage-,
kefore ". the
wart
of "free labor" during the past'
nation, craving for- peace, looks with year.
intense interest for' the result of the Ido not propose to criticise the sys
present meeting. tem or declaim against it, but will gkxe
you the naked facts, so that each one
can draw his own conclusions. `Me
last season was a very bad one for the
„agriculturist, butnot more unfavorable
than other years in times past, and
from data in my possession rmight
easily show the very marked difference
in the results of the past season, and r
similar ones which premled it, but this
would be a violation of my intention;
So I will Proceed with my statement.
I have been engaged in raising cane
and manufacturing it into sugar since
1835—have resided constantly on my
plantation, and given my exclusive at
tention to my business daring the
whole time. The climate of lower
thouisiana is admirably adapted to the
production of sugar cane, owing, among
other reasons, to the frequent show 4
which fall during the montlig of July,
August, and September, and for the
same reason it is utterly unsuited to the
growth and maturity of cotton. Last
year I planted cane, knowing from past
experience that cotton was too uncer
tain to depend on, particularly when
planted on old• and filled with eoco
grass.
The Internal Revenue.
From July 1, 1861; to March . 1865,
the income of the.Governmen.t from in
ternal revenue alone amounted to $15 . 9,'-
661,816, and it is believed that under the
amended law, $200,000,000 will be re
ceived during the year, or something
over the amount realized in Great
Britain in 1864, from excise duties,
stamps, taxes and property and income
taxes.
Il The Missouri State Convention
on the 29th inst. adopted an article pro
viding that after the Ist of January,
1876, no person shall be allowed to vote
who is unable to read, except through
physical disability. Another article
adopted provides that foreigners may
vote one year after declaring their in
tention to become citizens.
A WASHINGTON correspondent of the
1 - _ , :pringcteld (Mass.) Republican says :
General Butler's commission as Major
General expires in a short time and he
will then probably be quietly mustered
out of the service.
BEAST BUTLER'S friends offset his
military failures by claiming that "he
prevented the yellow fever from visiting
New Orleans while he was there.." We
suppose if he were sent to Ireland the
potato rot would cease !
A HOTTENTOT once got up a painting
of heaven. It was enclosed with a fence
made of sausages, while the centre was
occupied by a fountain that squirted
potpie.—Erehange.
A loyal league artist would have made
i ta great forest with leaves of greenbacks
on the trees and millions of fountains
squirting Vice Presidential nectar.
THE LVOIF4LATURE of Massachusetts
recerrtly passed an act to exclude liquor
dealers from thejury box, but the Gov
ernor vetoed it (nit of respect for Andy
Johnson.
Small• Pox In New• York
The New York ets , rrer, a religious
journal, contains the following extract
from the testimony of Dr. Stephen
Smith before 'the joint committees of
the New York Senate and Assembly on
the Health Bill. It is certainly a start
ling- picture:
" Small-pox is the very type of pre
ventablediseases. We have a safe and
sure preventive in thorough vaccina
tion. And yet this loathsome disease
is at this moment an epidemic in New
York. In two days time the
inspectors found 644 cases, and
in two weeks upward of 1,200;
and it was estimated that but about one
half were discovered. In many of the
large tenant houses, six, ei!rbt, and ten
cases were found at tin- same time.—
They found it under every conceivable
condition tending to promote its com
municability. It was in the street cars,
in the stages, in the hacks, on the ferry
boats, in junk shops, in cigar stores, in
candy shops,in the families of tailors
and seamstresses, who were mak
ing clothing for wholesale stores,
in public, in private charities, &c.,
&c. I hold in my hand a list of
cases of small-pox found existing
under circumstances which show how
wide-spread is this disease. Beddingof
a fatal case was sold to a rag man; case
in a room where e.indy and daily papers
were sold ; case on a ferry boat ; woman
was attending bar and acting as nurse to
her husband who had small-pox ; girl
was making cigars while scabs were
falling from her skin; seamstress was
making shirts for a Broadway store, one
of which was thrown over a cradle of a
child sick of small-pox ; tailors making
soldiers' clothing, had their children,
from whom the scabs were falling,
wrapped in the garments; at woman
selling vegetables had the scales falling
from her face, among the vegetables,
t l / 4 :c., &c. Instances of this kind can be
quoted at any length, but these ex—
maples are sufficient to show that
small-pox spreads uncontrolletlthrough
out our city."
The Burroughs Murder—Arralgnment of
the Woman Harris—Appearance of the
Criminal, etc., etc.
[Front the Washington Star, March :30.J
ThiS afternoon Miss Mary Harris,
Who, it will be remembered, shot A.
Judson Burroughs, a clerk in the Treas
ury Department, in one of the halls of
the building, on the 30th of January
last, was arraigned in the Criminal
Court.(Judge Olin) on au indictment
charging her with the crime, found by
the grand jury on Tuesday last. A few
minutes past three o'clock she arrived
at the court-house in a carriage, accom
panied by, Warden Beale and Mr. (fee.
H. Fayman, one of the guards, and
Mrs. Field.
The party were met by Joseph H.
Bradley, Sr., one of her counsel, whose
arm she took and proceeded to the
clerk's office, accompanied by Mr.
Bradley and Judge Mason, where they
remained until the pending trial in the
court-house was brought to such a stage
that she could be brought into court for
arraignment. She was at tired in a straw
colored silk bonnet trimmed with yel
low ribbon and black lace, beneath,
which her dark ringlets displayed them
selves; close fitting black cloth coat,
and dark gray dress, and carried a dark
muff: She was veiled so that only the
lower part of her face was visible.
About twenty minutes past three the
party entered the court-room, the
prisoner leaning on Mr. Bradley's arm,
and took seats in front of the green table,
the accused taking a seat at the left,
with Mr. Bradley at her right. Quite a
sensation was produced in the court
room on appearance of the party, and
after silence had been restorer, Mr.
Bradley stated that they were ready,
and the clerk of the court (Mr. Middle
ton) arose, at the same time the accused
rising with Mr. Bradley, whose arm she
took, and proceeded to read the indict
ment, which charges that she, with
malice aforethought, did fire the fatal
shot, on the 30th day of January. At
the conclusion Mr. Middleton asked
"What say you, are you guilty
or not guilty ?" Miss Harris (in a
low but firm 'voice: " Not guilty."
Mr. Middleton—How will you be tried?
Miss Harris—By my country. Mr. Brad
ley tat the same time)—By our country.
The prisoner was then seated, and after
a moment Mr. Bradley asked the court
if she could retire. Judge Olin—Fes;
but you had better confer with the dis
trict attorney in relation to fixing the
time for trial. Mr. Bradley—l will re,
turn in a few moments and confer with
him. The party then left the room,
and Miss Harris was escorted to the
carriage and taken back to jail. The
counsel for the accused are Messrs. Jos.
eph A. Bradley, sen., W. Y. Fendall
of this city, and Hon. D. W. Vorhees;
of Indiana
A Curious Story---Lee Reported to Rave
Been in General Grant's Camp Talking
With President Lincoln.
[Fro-in the Syracuse Journal.)
A communication which seems to
con firm the rumors of a renewal of
peace negotiations on the James was
received to-day by Mr. William H.
Malcher of this city. His sou, who is
connected with one of the Maine regi
ments locatediu the immediate vicinity
of . Lieutenant-General Grant's head
quarters, writing on the 25th, says:
The President is here to-night, and
General Lee is here too. They are try
ing to settle this thing up if they can,
and I rather think they will succeed.
I saw Lrc myself. They brought him
here blindfolded. He came to our head
quarters accompanied by Lieutenant-
General Grant." If there be no mis
take about this statement, it is, of course,
a most important one. What greatly
discredits it, however, is the fact that
on the very day mentioned—last Satur
day—the severe engagements on the
two wings of Grant's army took place.
The York (Pa.,) Democrat thinks the
aggregate cannot through the State by
the freshets fall short of $10,000,-
000,
The agricultueal year commenced on
the first of February, and I counted
forty-eight (48) laborers consisting of
men, women, boys and girlsovertwelve
(12) years. My returns have just been
made out giving the number -of days
worked, the expense incident to the
cultivation, themauufacture of the cane
• into sugar, and the net proceeds of the
crop. The men and boys averaged nine,
the women and girls seven and a half,
months of labor each.. This account
was a liberal one so far as they were
concerned, not being kept by the hour
as the military order authorized.
I agreed to give the labors oar-four
teenth part of the net proceeds of the
crop, " furnish them with healthy ra
tions, comfortable clothing, quarters,
fuel, medical attendance and instruction
for children ;" this being one of two
plans laid down for the employment of
freed laborers by Gen: Banks in his pro-,
OM:nation, in continuation of the systenf
established Jan. 30th, 1863. In the cog-
sideratiou of the foregoing, the laborem
were required to render to their ern'
ployers " between daylight and dar '
ten (10) hours in slimmer and nine (. .
hours in winter of respectful, hones
and faithful labor."
Some of my neighbors, who kept a
time table strictly in accordance with
the order, did not gets° good an average
by a month or six weeks; but the
amount of labor performed did not vary
a great deal on the diitil.ent planta
tions.
My expenditures were as follows
of which $1667.37 were for corn
and the balance consisted of the
ordinary expenses of a sugar
plantation fully stocked and
provided for making and sav
ing a crop.
I made 13 his. of snit:: r, cal tied at F-21;97.. - io
WOO (one thousan I ; ga Is. ino•
lasses
Balance brought down, due by
crop for Milani,
1166.72
This sum of :40.2.2 is au excess of ex
penditure over the amount produced by
the sale of the crops leaving not one
cent to pay the laborers; hut to show
pal that I expected to do a great deal
better than I did, I advanced to the
laborers during the year :'. ,4 1177.60,
which I shall have to place to the ac
count of profit and loss.
The question may be asked why I
was compelled to buy so much corn.—
There are two reasons for the defici
ency ; firstly, fifteen government wag
ons stopped at my barn one fine morn
ing and carried of as many loads of
corn ; secondly, the laborers have been
doing the same thing the whole year to
feed their poultry,. horses and hogs, in
spite of all my vigilance and orders to
the contrary. It was wisely said by
oue well acquainted with human nature
" that locks were made to prevent hon
est people from stealing, and not rogues"
and if this adage applied to white per
sons, its application.,to black ones is
much more forcible.
I will now give you a statement of
what the experiment of " free labor"
eoa , me in money last year, and if vex
ation, disgust and troublecould he stated
in figures, I would add that also, and
the sum total would be as difficult to
enumerate as the national debt.
Excess of ex pendit tires brougi t down ...S 4d) 22
Cash paid laborers lu advance • 117 80
80 hbls. pork 2150
Clothing, shoes, hats, blankets, medical
bill, dee 1400 00
,•5.52t3 52
To which must be added an unknown
sum for the tuition of colored children.
I have lost my time, the use of my land,
teams, valuable machinery. and the
wear and tear of agricultural tools. In
this calculation the expenses of my
family are not included, and the items
given belong exclusively to the money
expended trying to make a crop.
You may ask what was the cause of
this failure, and I answer unhesitating
ly that the main cause was the want of
control over the laborers, and our want
of ability to execute the work at the
right time and in the proper manner.
In recent speeches made by Gen. Banks,
he represents his plan as a perfect suc
cess. I wish he could manage a large
plantation for one year and witness the
practical operation of his experiment,
and he might find that planters do not,
like generals, leap suddenly into
maturity, as did the Goddess Minerva
from the brain of Jupiter.
The failure of the cotton crop was ra
tionally accounted for, in ascribing it to
the continued rains and the visit of the
army worm ; but these reasons do not
apply with the same force to the cane,
which did not have any worms to con
tend against, and the rains would not
have made material difference under a
good and efficient system of labor.—
Lower Louisiana presents a flat surface,
with a gradual fall from the banks of
its rivers and bayous to the swamps,
and to secure a crop against the heavy
rains of winter and spring, the lauds
must at all times be kept free from all
obstructions. Our plantations present
a narrow front to the stream, and run
back in the shape of - a parallelogram
about seventy acres, and the canals con
duct the water from the front to the low
lands in the rear.
These canals are usually separated by
a space of seventy yards, and run back
from one and a liah to throe miles ; in
addition to these leading ditches there
are cross canals at the end of each cut,
the squares being usually from three to
five acres long. I have given this de
scription at the risk of being tedious ; but
the topography of this section differs so
greatly from any portion of the United
States that I thought it necessary, to
enable your readers to know something
about our system of drainage, in order
to understand wby its neglect should be
followed by such serious results to the
planter, involving the almost.total fail
ure of the sugar crop. By a reference to
,the amount of labor rendered, you will
readily see that im time was left for
other work than the cultivation of the
crop and the preparations necessary for
saving it. There was no time for clear
ing the drains of bushes, weeds, and
earth, and as a consequence, the unusual
quantity of rain which fell remained
on the surface - and destroyed the crop.
This is the true reason why those who
had cane failed to raise a crop. The
quantity of sugar to be raised this year
must necessarily be small for the want
of plants ; unlike cotton, about one-half
of the cane crop must be planted an
nually,. from the cane itself, and each
season a sufficiency for planting pur
poses must be secured against frost, to
secure a fair crop.
Lest some of your readers shoulctsup
pose that the laborers have suffered also
by the shortness of the crop,and the small
portion coming to them in most instances
on the account of the failure, I beg leave
to staje that they have been clothed,
physieked, and fed at mrtxpe s nse i and
they have also raised crops of corn and
cotton for themselves, and their corn
bins have proved to be asinexhaustible
as the ptirses bestowed by fairies on
favored mortals, and, to parody the
words of Goldsmith.
"And still the wonder grew,
That one small bin should feed so vast a crew."
Do not suppose for an instant that my
want of success is an exception to the
general rule; on the contrary, my
neighboni say that I am fortunate in
having lost less than a large majority
of those engaged in the same pursuit.
This parish, which formerly produced
an average of twenty thbusand hhds.
of sugar, some cotton and a surplus of
corn, has but two planters who paid
their expeusai the past yeas.
A new order has just been issued for
tomagulation of the labor of freedmen
for the present year, and the prices to
be Paid are based on the expectation of
..,,
Zthe success of the plan community;
We price to be paidtheWircoii, though
11:10, does not constitute!the 'Eriticipal .
'objection against the - order. `Mire is
no mode by which yoif.:; , ,can obtain the
'required amount of., m
to,secure a
oroli V . and, as a consequence, many will
1 permit their plantations to lie idle,
sooner than take the risk of losing the
little that is left them.
CLASSIFICATION OF FREEDMEN AND
THEIR WAGES...
IVi All persons Of proper age and
Condition to labor, when received, shall
beelassifled by the superintendent as
follows: Sound. persons, over 18 and
under 40 years of age, shall be classified
as No. 1 hands; over 14 and under 18, -
.and over 40 and under 55, No. 2 ; over
12 and under 14,- and over 55,, No. 3.
Persons suffering from any physical
defect or infirmity, but able to work,
shall be classed as he considers proper.
TheAninimum rate of wages of No 1
males shall be $.25 per month ; No 2,520;
No. 3, $l5. Nos. 1,2 and 3, females,slB,
$l4, SlO. These rates shall not restrict
mechanics and others from contracting
for higher wages, if they can do so.
If the scheme of free labor have for
its object the support of the negroes at
the expense of the whites, it may be
called an entire success, for this has
been the result so far, and we have been
gradually drawn on, hoping for differ
ent results until our means as well as
our patience are nearly exhaust
ed. The visionaries who in their closets
concoct beautiful theories for the bene
ficial employment of the negroes,
are utterly ignorant of their char
acters, and fail to comprehend
that they are not influenced to
any great extent by those incentives
-which induce white men to give in
labor a fair return for their wages. He
needs comparatively little, and these
needs are confined to the present; the
future does not overshadow his mind
with its wants and its difficulties, and
consequently that great stimulus to ex
ertion with the white man, the layin4
up something for his future support,'
does not enter into his calculations.
Inclosed I send you a printed state
ment of the last crop of sugar, and also
the paragraph concerning the wages of
freed laborers, by publishing which you
will oblige an OLD PLANTER
The State Senate
There will be eleven new State Sena
tors to elect next full, to fill the vacan
cies occasioned by the retirement of
-- • •
11. District. Jacob E. Ridgeway,Abo
litionist, Philadelphia; district com
posed of the 9th, 10th, 13th, 14th, and
-Isth wards of the city.
IV. George Connell, Abolitionist,
Philadelphia ; district composed of the
19th, 20th, 21st, 22d, 23d, 24th and 25th
wards of the city.
XL William J. Turrell, Abolitionist,
Susquehanna; district composed of
Bradford, Susquehanna, and Wyoming
counties.
XII. J. B. Stark, Democrat, Luzerne;
district composed of Luzerne county.
XIII. S. F. Wilson, Abolitionist,
Tioga ; district composed of. Potter,
J'ioM'Kean and Clinton counties.
X r VIII. George H. Bucher, Demo
crat Cumberland ; district composed of
Vork and Cumberland counties.
XIX. William M'Sherry, Democrat,
Adams; district composed of Adams
and Franklin counties.
X XII. Thomas St. Clair, Abolitionist,
Indiana; districtcomposed of Crawford,
!Indiana and Jefferson counties.
XXIII. William A. Wallace, Demo
crat, Clearfield ; district composed of
Clearfield, Cameron, Clarion, Forest and
Elk counties.
XXV. .J. L. Graham, Abolitionist,
Allegheny ; district composed of Alle
gheny county ; (2 members.)
XXVII. C. M'Candless, Abolitionist,
Butler; district composed of Lawrence,
Butler and Armstrong counties„
Four of these retiring Senators are
Democrats, and seven are Abolitionists.
There is no doubt at all about the De
mocracy being able to elect in the four
districts now represented by Democrats,
and there is at least a reasonable proba
bility of reclaiming several of the A bo
lit ionized districts.
Since last fall, it is believed a suffici
ent number of changes of opinion have
been wrought in the minds of the rank
and file of the opposition party, to give
the Democracy several additional Sena
tors. The Senate, the past winter,
stood 14 Democrats to 19 Abolitionists—
a change of three, it is thus perceived,
is all that is required to put the control
of the Senate where it ought to be—
with the party of the people, the Na
tional Democracy.
Doctor Martin R. Delaney.
Many of our readers doubtless recol
lect " Old Patty Delaney and her son
Martin, who came to this place from
Virginia sometime about the year 1832,
and resided here for several years. This
son Martin, who was only known here
as an insolent, impudent negro,;has re
cently been appointed by the P&sident
a tegimental surgeon, with the rank of
major, in the United States army. This
negro, as black as charcoal, is now su
perior in rank to any captain in the
service.
Delaney was born near Charlestown,
Va., and came to this place with his
moter, and after several years resi
dence here went to Pittsburg, where he
I worked as a barber, bloodletter, cupper
and leecher. Some years after he re
sided there he published a small weekly
paper, which was marked by a small
share of ability, and circulated entirely
among the negroes and abolitionists of
that vicinity. He occasionally de
livered lectures, and during the time
the late George M. Dallas was
minister at London, Delaney made his
appearance there at a meeting of an In
ternational Congress, and was introdu
ced by Lord Brougham, when Mr.
Dallas withdrew from the convention.
After his return to the United States,
he engaged in the treasonable conspira
cy of the cut-throat and horsethiefJohn
Brown, , to excite a servile insurrection
in the South. He assisted to draw up
the Constitution for the government of
the South after John Brown had liber
ated the slaves. After the failure of
John Brown's conspiracy, Delaney fled
to Canada, where, along with the mu
latto Douglass, and other fugitive
negroes, and traitorous Abolitionists, he
was engaged in other plots against the
peace and safety of the people of the
United States.
Such is a brief sketch of this full
blooded, woolly-headed, jet black ne
gro, who has been elevated by Mr. Lin
coin. over the heads of the brave and
gallant captains in our country's
.ser
vice, who have fought and blecgon
many a hard fought field, and who
must now acknowledge, in this thiclK
lipped African, a superior officer. Oh,
tempera! Oh, moreP I— Valley ,Ypirit.
This negro, whose elevation to the
rank of major in the army, has so de
lighted the fanatics, has not gone to the
battle field to diSplay his bravery, but
is -traveling about, edifying the abo
litionists of New England with lectures
on the " History of Anglo Saxon Pro
gress and Government." We have
seen no report of his lecture, but we can
easily conjecture what it is like. No
doubt he prowl to the satisfaction of
his fanatical hearers that Washington,
and Madison, and Jefferson knew
nothing about progress and govern
ment.
Forney on the Sltuation—What the Court
Joral says of the Peace Rumors.
WASHINGTON, March 30.
The following appears in prominent
type in Forney's Chronicle, of this city :
The rumor which is retailed by the
gossips of the town, of the meeting of
President Lincoln and Generals Grant,
Sherman, Meade, Ord, and Sheridan,
on board the steamer River Queen, is
undoubtedly correct; but we can assure
our readers that the resultof the confer
ence is not known. The statement that
General Lee had asked for a conference
with General Grant is entirely without
foundation. That great events are im
pending, there can be no doubt. The
rapid depletion of the rebel army, the
closing of all the ports where blockaders
have been accustomed to enter, the lack
of spirit and vigor of the rebel soldiers,
the despair of their officers, the declara
tions of General Lee that "the cause of
the rebellion was hopeless," the rapid
fall and permanent depreciation of gold,
and the evident distrust of the strongest
secessionists in Jeff Davis, all indicate
that a crisis is at hand. When it will
come no one can tell. Diplomacy and
manceuvering may delay it for days,
weeks, or months, but there can be no
doubt that we are soon to see the end
of the rebellion. Fate decrees it, and
that the result 'may be aecorpplised as
quickly as possible, and without any
'more bloodshed, is the prayer of all,
Late Rebel News.
We extract the. following from the
Richmond Enquirer and Sentinel of the
27th :
WAR
" -•
~_ • NEWS.
• . TRANS-NrivuogsklPPl DEPARTMENT. •
lifilltary matters beyond the Mitg--'s
sippi 'are entirely at -a stand-stW. Our
forces hold the lower portion of .A.rkan-= -
sas, along the Washita river, and com
mand the greater portion of the line of
Red river.
Gen. Standwatie is said to be prepar
ing for an attack on a line of supply
trains. His troops are in splendid con
dition.
In Missouri, the citizens of which
havesuffered more terribly from fiendish
barbarity than any other in the Con
federacy, more than Usual quiet pre
vails. The Yankee troops have gone,
and the sad sufferers are allowed a little
respite, the hours of which will be made
the more bitter by the unavoidable con
templation of their desolation and
misery. Spots once occupied by flour
ishing villages are now a blackened
waste and as silent as the grave. In
numerous instances the Yankees not
only burned homesteaft, but shot the
inmates, male and female, and made
their home their funeral pyre.
One instance is recorded in which a
father was shot and scalped, the mother
and little son shot down, and all, with
a sick daughter, who was unable to
move, Were burned up in their dwell
ing. The Yankee officers made 'sport
for themselves by walking through a
town at night, and when they saw a
family gathered around the fireside
would lire their pistols through the
window into the group. Such have
been the character of the Union troops
who have held sway, in Missouri.
The Damage Done at Fayetteville.
[From the Richmond Examiner, March 27.1-
A letter to Gov. Vance gives the fol
lowing account of the damage clone at
Fayetteville by the Yankees :
All the arsenal buildings burned.
Fayetteville Ob Brrver office burned.
W. B. Wright's residence burned.
(. B. Mallet's residence burned.
Mrs. Banks' residence burned.
Branch Bank of the State of North
Carolina burned.
'Pwo warehouses 00.0 pie, I by Rock fir;th
Co. burned.
Court House and jail burned.
John Waddell was killed ou his plan
tation, about four miles east of Fayette
ville. None of the citizens of Fayette
ville were killed. John T. McLean,
W. T. Horne and Major Hawly wereall
hung, to extort from (liens where their
valuables were hid, but were taken
down uninjured. It is reported that
about four hundred negroes and whites
were drowned in Cape Fear river in
endeavoring to escape with the Yan
kees, either from the sinking of a flat
or the Yankee officers cutting the pon
toonsloose.
Private residences, after being plun
dered, were gurded to "protect" them.
A letter from Fayetteville says of the
suffering there :
We are in the greatest distress. The
Yankees have nearly destroyed both
town and country. There will not be
left more than fifty head ggf four-footed
beasts in the country, and not enough
provisions to last ten days. Many, very
many families have not a mouthful to
eat. Our house and many others were
burned, and everything destroyed.—
Even the negroes have been robbed
and abused. As to valuables, nothing
is safe in their track.
All {lie factories, the arsenal, and the
entire square on which the Bank of
North Carolina stood, have been burn
ed. Every store and house in town and
country have been robbed.
1 Republican Governor on .tidy John
Governor Buckingham, of Connecti
cut, has issued a proclamation for a fast
clay, in which he refers to the *crying
sins of the times, among them enume
rating the •' incoherence" of Ancly
Johnson :
The oath of fidelity to the Constitu
tion and to high official duty, has re
cently been taken with a stammering
tongue, in the presence of, and to the
reproach of the American people.
The Niagara Falls Peace Negotiations
Letter from Mr. Horner Greeley
O'rr , "lnnnle'acr ”.1 tiu Manchcdcr .6,riolitt, (Ind
WASHINGTON, Feb. 22, 1865.
I have just come into possession of a
very curious document, and one, too,
which I am confident will be peculiarly
interesting to your readers, because it
sheds so much light upon the connec
tion which Mr. Horaste Greeley, editor
of the N. V. Teifmiir, had with the fa
mous Niagara Falls peace negotiations
0- last July, in which he figured so
prominently, together with Cornell
Jewett, and Messrs. Sanders, Clay, and
Holcombe. Apparently this letter,
which I need not say has never been
published here, was the initial move
ment in the negotiations referred to.
Here it is :
NEW YORK, uly 7,
v DEA 1i .4 112: I venture to inclose you
a`letter and telegraphic dispatch that I re
ceived yesterday from our irrepressible
friend Colorado Jewett, at Niagara Falls.
I think they deserve attention. tf course'.
do not indorse Jewett's positive averment
that his friends at the Fall have "full 'tow
ers" from .1. D., though I do not doubt that
he thinks they have. I left that statement
stand as simply evidencing the anxiety of
the Confederates everywhel, for
touch is beyond doubt.
And therefore I ventiirr , to remind you
that our Needing, bankrupt, almost dying
country also longs for peace- shudders at
the prospect of fresh conscriptions, offurther
wholesale oleNastations, and of 114• W rivers
of human blood; and a wide-spread COTlVie
tion that the Govern rent and its prominent
supporters are not anxious for peace, and do
not improve proffered opportunities to
achieve it, is doing great harm now, and is
morally certain, unless removed, to do far
greater in the approaching elect ions.
It is not enough that we anxiously desire
a trite and lasting peace; we ought •to de
monstrate and establish the truth beyond
cavil. The fact that .k. It. stephens was
not permitted a year ago to visit and elmfer
with the authorities at Washington, has
done harm, which the tone at the late Na
tional Convention at Baltimore is not cal
culated to counteract.
In entreat you, in your oWII time and
manner, to submit overtures for pacifica
tion to the Southern insurgents, which the
impartial must pronounce frank and gene
rous. If only with a view to the momen
tous election soon to occur in North Caro
lina, and of the draft, to be enforced in the
free States, this should be done at once.
I wouldgive the safe conduct required by
the rebel envoys at Niagara, upon their
parole to avoid observable and to refrain
from all communication with their sympa
thizers in the 1”y:11 Slates lull youl may
bee reasons for dccliiiing it. But is halter
through them ur otherwise, do not, I en
treat you, fail to make the Southern people
comprehend that von, and all of us, are
anxious for peace, and prepared to grant
liberal terms. I venture to suggest the fol
lowing
PLAN OF ADJUSTMENT
- .
1. The Union is restored and declared
perpetual.
2. Slavery is utterly and forecT«- abol
ished throughout the same.
3. A complete amnesty l'or all political
offences, with a restoration of all the in
habitants of each State to all the privileges
of citizens of the United States.
4. The Union to pay four hundred million
dollars ($400,000,000) in five per cent. United
States stock to the late Slave States, loyal
and secession alike,. M he apportioned pro
rut«, according to their Slave population
respectively, by the census of 1860, in COM
pentiation for the loyal citizens by the Abo
lition of Slavery. Each State to he entitled
to its quota upon the ratification by Its
Legislature of this adjustment. The bonds
to be at the absolute disposal of the Legisla
ture aforesaid.
5. The said Slave States to be entitled
henceforth to' representation in the House
on the basis of their total, instead of their
Federal population, the a - hole now being
Free.
6. A National Convention to be assembled
as soon as may be, to ratify this adjustment,
and make such changes in the Constitution
as may be deemed advisable.
Mr. President, I fear you do not realize
Bow intently the people desire any Peace
consistent with the NatiOnal integrity and
honor, and how joyously they would hail
its achievement, and bless its authors. With
United States stocks worth but 40 cents in
gold per dollar, and drafting about to com
mence on the third million of Union soldiers,
can this be wondered at
I do not say that a just Peace is now at
tainable, though I believe it to be so. But
I do say that a frank offer by you to the
insurgents of terms which the impartial
world say ought to be accepted will, at the
worst prove an immense and sorely needed
advantage to the National cause: It may
save us from a Northern insurrection.
Yours, truly, HORACE GREELEY.
Hon. A. LixeoLN, President, Washington,
D. C.
P. S. Even though it should be deemed
nnadvisable to - make an offer of terms to
the rebels, I insist that, in any possible
case, it is desirable that any offer they may
be disposed to make should be received,
and either accepted or refected. I beg you
to invite those now at Igiagara to exhibit
their credentials and submit their ultima
tum, Ef, G,
PeD118)11111118 News.
UN/ON OF ' 6aisop::-.:The necessary
legislation having.heen obtained for the
, anion :Of Washington alai 'Jefferson Col
'legal--the one located at Wishington, Pa.,
and the other at Canonsburg, in the same
county—the. final arrangements will be
consummated in a short time. We see it
stated thitenr. Scott, the President of Wash
ington College, has determined to remove
to this city (Lancaster).
PHILADELPHIA.—Under Republican rule
the City of Philadelphia appears to be run
ning in debt at a rate that might well alarm
her tax-payers. At the meeting of the City
Councils on Thursday last, a coMmunica
tion was received from the Mayor in an
swer to a resolution requesting him to in
form Councils of the several loans author
ized by the City, and the amount remaining
unsold. It appears that since March, 1860,
loans to the amount of $9,130,000 have been
authorized, of which $6,862,900 remained
unsold at the date of the resolu
tion of inquiry. Thus the City of Phila
delphia, has been trying to contract
loans at the rate of two millions a year; but
more than two-thirds of the amount autho
rized remains unsold, because Republican
extravagance and mismanagement have
run the city's credit down so that her loans
will not command their par value. Not
withstanding these facts, a bill to create a
new loan not exceeding:3E4' O,OtX), was passed
by the Common Council at the above men
tioned meeting ; and an ordinance creating
still another loan of $1,000,000, fur an ex
tension of the Water Works, was postponed
—to be taken up again and passed at ;In
ot hor meeting, in all probability.
BERNS COUNTY.
REV. MR. BAT:SMAN'S LEcTuitEs, on the
Lands of the Bible, have been well attended,
and deservedly sp ; for a more interesting
or instructive series of discourses on that or
any kindred theme, has never becii deliver
ed from the sacred desk. Apart from the
charm which intrinsivally attaches to the
subject, the fael that the lecturer's sources
of information have been enlarged and en
riched by personal observation and experi
clap, gathered during an extensive tour
through the la in ls of which he treats, imparts
to his descriptions and coin 'twills, an in
creased degree of interest, and a large
measure of originality.
our police officers are beginning to cone
out in their uniform dress, recently ordered
by Conneils. It is in the Philadelphia
style—blue frock coat with yellow buttons,
gray pants, and blue cloth cap. 'Officer
\Vise was the first to put on the new dress,
and as be is an old soldier, he wears it very
becomingly. 'the until rms will be se,l
- for the attention of the officers while
on duty, and will enable strangers to single
them out from a crowd, if in need of police
assistance.
THREE You N,, imr,s, daughters of
Jonathan Kepler, Jacob Renninger and
Abner Heller,..of Boyerstown, came near
losing their lives last Wednesday, by
drinking from a bottle of medicine prepar
ed for horses. Timely medical assistance
alone saved thorn from death.
TWO NEW LOCOMOTIVES, Wilt, al the
Norris Work , , Lancaster, for the Reading
Railroad, arrived here last week. They
are named after two distinguished Generals
-- ‘• General Grant" and
now in service—
" t;eneral Mead,.'
THE READINO RAILROAD COMPANY have
nearly ready fine Locomotives, for use
on the Lebanon Valley Branch. The busi
ness on the Branch is very heavy, and con
stantly itel:easing.—Reading G'azele.r,
LEIIiUH coUNTY
DE)I,WRATI,TTI pn• — lt gives us great
pleasure to announce I hat our Democratic
friends in Bethlehem borough made a com
plete sweep at their election on Friday
week—electing every man on the ticket,
from Chief Burgess down, by an average
majority of lirr. We understand that one
gentleman, who matte himself conspicuous
as a "treason smeller," sonic time since,
was handsomely laid Out. Two tickets
were run—one a straight-out Democratic,
and the other a mongrel—made up of abo
litionists and shaky democrats; but in
spite of all the Democrats triumphed, and
most handsomely, too. The two remaining
abolitionists in the town council will retire,
and henceforth that body will be purely
Democratic.
RELEASED.—Jostah Albright, of the I Itlt
Pen na. regiment, son of Mr. Phaon Albright
of this place, captured last summer in front
oflPetersburg within a day of 11w expira
tion of his three year term of service, and
ever since kept in rebel prisons inthe South,
has just been paroled, and is now in ('atop
Parole at Annapolis, Md., awaiting ex
change and muster out of the service. His
brother-in-law, rapt. John P. Dillinger, of
this place, last week paid him a visit.
Ituitnixo promises to be quite brisk in
Allentown during the coming season—the
simply of dwellim;s being far short of the
demand. Lumber and building material •
generally are expected to experience a con
siderable reduction. 54.vertil new houses
have already been coninienced.—.llkoilawn
Drnim•rn 1.
M I N col:NT)
Btu ia.t:s. --The l a •idge over Jack - , creek,
about a ndle below town, having Leen
swept away by the recent freshet, travel is
for the present carried on over the old stone
bridge, situated, a few rods above the turn-
pike. The turnpike bridge al Mann's Nar
rows is not yet completed.
lit NO DA NAn es.—The at work ol re
pairing the damage done by the freshet to
the Mifflin and Centre 'ounty railroad is
being pushed forward with hecoming ener
gy by Engineer Schaffer.
REsmNen.- -Col. W. F. _Biddle has re
signed the superintendency of Freedom
Iron Works, and returned to Philadelphia.
Ile IA ill he succeeded by R. 11. Lee, Esq.,
late superintendent of the Fort Pitt Iron
Works at Pittsburg.
Poon.lone,—_A certain Col. Hawkins,
(traveling we believe under the auspices of
the:Sanitary Commission,) delivered a lee-
titre in the Town hall, on Friday night.
Having advertised that the lecture should
be " a largo audience assembled ; but
the Colonel devised a " joke," (as he called
it,) by which each and all present were com
pelled to fork over a fee before they could
get out.—Leicistown Democrat.
MONTGOMERY COUNTY.
Ton DRAFT—Ton S4ncsn M ATERIA I.
EX /I rsTED.- Several ,pr the Districts of
m , sitg e m er y er , unly hate hat their hear
ings B,r exenip, ion. In Norristown the fol
lowing are the figures of the number of men
reported, hold for service, in the re
cent draft: Upper Ward quota, 42; drawn
84 ; reported 57; exempted 38; passed 19 ;
wanted still to fill the quota 15. Middle
Ward drawn 50; reported 18; exempted 8;
passed or held to service 10; wanted still to
fill the quota 15. Lower Ward : drawn 70 ;
reported 23; exempted 22; passed 11 ;
wanted to till the Tiota 24. Whole number
of 1114;11 obtained for the Borough, 41 men ;
deficieutlll. The number of sound mendeft,
it will be observed, after these are are taken
away, is small, and is not the indication
strong, that the sound material in men be
tween the ages of 20and 45, Is being rapidly
exhausted, if the same ratio between sound
and drafted men holds good elsewhere?
CoNvENTION.— The Democratic Conven
tion of Montgomery county met on the 28th
ult., and elected the following gentlemen
delegates to the next State Convention:
Senatorial—Richard Young; Representa
tive—Dr. E. L. Acker and Lecher Van
Busk i rk.—Xorriatown Register.
CHESTER COUNTY
Satts.—At the sale of Gregg Clayton,
W. Bradford, three cows, strippers, sold
for $94, $83.50, $73 ; one family mare, 8226;
chickens, 26c. per lb., live weight ; turkeys,
38c. per lb.
The tavern property and fifteen acres of
land, at Darlington's Corner, property of
Joseph H. Osborn, was sold to John Wood
ward, of Thornbury, for $8,200.
A SOIREE, consisting of music, tableaux
vivants, charades, etc., is to be held in the
Hall of the Lutheran Church, Lionville, on
Saturday evening, April Bth, 1965, for the
benefit of the Lutheran Church.
OLD Coll , 7.—Mr. Ellis Wilson, of Newlin
township,near Mortonville, in cleaning out
his cellar recently, found four pennies and
one half penny, bearing the dates of 1794,
1795, 1801 and 1802, the half-penny 1797.
They are remarkable coins, with the heads
of Washington and Franklin quite plain.
THE WEST CHESTER MAIST MARKET.—
The quota of Chester county under the last
call, is, we are told, 781, and is answered
almost entirely by substitutes. They have
been bringing from $225 to $lO5O each. Put
ting them at $650 a man, this call will coat
the county $507,650. This whole amount
nearly is carried away, and has made the
money market tight. There IS no difficulty
in money loaners getting six per cent,
about West Cheater,
The new regulation of confining substi
tutes to the district drafted has sent prices
up.
Now for the profit of the business. Say
that' the Substitute gets $4OO out of the $O5O,
and there is realized for somebody $195,250,
in three months time or less. How this
large profit is divided is a secret to us, and
it would be considered impertinent to ask.—
Jcire rson /ay.
PERRY COUNTY.
THE Cnors.—The crops in this section
present a very encouraging appearance,
indicating a rich and productive harvest.
DUNCANNON.—Fortnately, the water at
Duncanncin did not drown out and chill
the furnace, as was feared. It is in -success
ful Operation, turning out a superior article
of iron.
Fine.—On last Sunday morning, before
daylight, a house in the Cove belonging to
Ccl. Winter, occupied by Messrs. Gelbach
and Shatt o, was destroyea by tire, caused by
a spark from a passing locoruotive. The
families
.barely :escaped with their lives.
The property was insured in one of the city
companies for .`3BOO.
DrtvcAN's ISLAND.—The destruction by
the flood on Duncan's Island is said to tie
retilly deplorable. Mr. Duncau's splendid
fields are almost ruined by the piling up of
the sand. Water courses have been cut
through the island, many of the buildings
destroyed, fences swept away, and almost
everythin g in the shape of property con
siderably (Lounged. Since the water has
subsided it lnei been found that the founda
tions of many houses in Petersburg have
lwen greatly injured.—DCMOciat.
- •
CLARION COUNTY.
CUT 0 F —Then: , has not been a stage
running in ally direction, from Clarion for
the past two weeks, anti for several days
during the freshet, we had no mail ; and the
telegraph wires were down—consequently,
we were tin off from our base of supplies
entirely, Nut inatters lire assuming their
proper shape. The mails are carried ou f
horseback, and the stages are about start
ing uni. A ferry has been put in operatio n ,
both al the mouth of Toby, and alsoat Bren
neman's acros s the Clarion riVer, 1t) supply
th e phw e o f the bridge, which Was washed
OIL- I )11 last, another vein of
Oil was struck ill the Black Diamond well
near the state road ride, on the I'larion
river—at a depth of something over 5(1) feet.
The workmen took out several buckets of
excellent oil, with the sand pump. They
are not through the third sand rock, but
this Vein of oil seems so strong that Colonel
Reamer, the superintendent, hits concluded
to I uhe the well, rind test it.
Tti - The draft fir Clarion
vounty, ..11110 ittilast week and over-1011 Wren
Were dr. \s it, and are ordered to report here
in clarion nest week.-- Driimpolf.
PIK E (•(lENTy
Al,l. K EN.• \V. learn that all the
stock of the oil company, of which ('olonel
.11ott of this place is a prontinet member,
is taken tip, and that the compitii - will
soon e ol lllllellre lit
rather ineline to the belief' they have a
"good thing," a , . tla• solonel looks very
THE Not ‘N ithstanding the late
unusually- high tlood in the Delaware and
the tributary streams, we hear of no dam
age to persons Or property iit this
which is very gratifying. Wii learn, how
ever, that much damage has been done to
the Erie Railway, not that some damage
was done to the brid ge al Nhitan,,m,s,
to - roes the Delalvarv.--//eoftd.
BEDFORD cot*NTy .
Itori•RNED.--Capts. D. W. Alit
Complier, I). P, lioegle, Lieut. J. It, Helm
and QllHrtin.ulastor Thomas King, all of the
101st I'. V., and lately prisoners in - the
South, are al present on a visit to their
homes in this county. Lieutenant Ilehn •
was not exchanged, bat effected his escape,.
after several trials, and after suffering great.
hardships and being eXpo,ell to many and
terrible dangers. We are sorry to learn
that Captain Mullin is seriously
iMET . :NE cor:VM
NkAun Cakkk I nt, ID.mtos. -We
learn from a reliable source that the Kass
well, situated on Dunkard creek, com
menced ,- flowine. on Tuesday night an the
title of ten barrels per hour. This will he
good news for the stockholders of the Pitts
burg and New York (MI Company.
NEON - COUR WNTI
•
HARI, AT I r.—The ;o•tive Superintendent
of the Wyoming I at this place has
been at work this week with a large force
masons and latiorers digging out the
foundations and rebuilding and repairing
the walls washed down by the great flood.
A large portion of the wall that supports
the Mill street bridge is tieing removed.
The whole structure was much shattered by
the water undermining the abutments.
CAucitlT IN TOWN. - I(uring the late flood,
Capt. M. K. Manly caught a tish of the pike
species, on Ferr.y street nearly opposite the
dwelling of .1 antes (laskins. This member
of the piscatory tribe, measured over
eighteen inches in length. Any person to
examine the spot where this fish was
caught, could searely believe, unless they
had seen it, that the waters could have risen
to such a height.
'LEANI xi: I; P.—A large number of our
citizens have been busily at work the past
week cleaning out the debris and filth that
had accumulated in their yards, cellars,
&v., front the subsidence of the high waters.
In many cases severe losses have been en
tailed on housekeepers in the destruction
of articles stored in the basement stories of
their houses which could not he secured in
time, bet ire the waters submerged them.
Pavements have to be relaid, pigpens, coal
bins, and other outhouses renewed or re
turned to the original foundations from
which they were swept. It will take some
time before our town will regain the appear
mice it had helm e the flood took place.
Tll4' Sloan' 110111 mill belonging to
WatermatrA Beaver, of the Pennsylvania
Iron Works, was destroyed by tire on Wed
nesday morning. The hiss over till insu
rance is estimated at ; 4 ,000. The burning
of this mill is a heavy loss to the
inasmuch as it will be difficult at
present for the company to supply the de
'Mind tin tlimr s d feed which 'has been
usually furnisholl :if this boacUle
NOIZTII A M o; uNT V.
•
•
NEW Pose)[ AS E It. --We understand that
John J.}Zorn has 'wen appointed Post
master of Easton. in the place of Dr. C. I%
Jennings, whose tern! had expired. In
Reading, Lancaster, Ilarrishurg and other
towns, the old Postmasters teem leappoint
ed. The Adtninistrtnien scent diSl)9§l.ll to
apply a different rule lo Easton. lir : Jen
nings has been a competent and obliging
officer. We hope Ihe .suit, can be said of
his successor trhen hr 1111 res.--
A rgu.l.
Brum nous Es. We doubt very much
whether there is in the whole state a town
where there is so groat a demand for tene
ment house, as exists in Easton, at this
lime. Many Inmilies have been compelled
to leave the place Mr Wall( of places todwell
in and others are still without houses after
the first of A pril.--S'rnlinol.
our OF clay] DRAFT.— IL afford,: us a great
deal of pleasure to announce that the Bor
ough of Easton has linallv tilled her entire
quota tinder the last call tin• troops, and is
entirely out of the draft.--,`lcali
ANEwSI-1 MUFF.— Ben. GOdShalk, esq.,
of this boroughHias teen appointed by
Gay. Curtin Sheriff of this county, in plat,.
of Ad.!, I lower, deceased. —B,:nl inrl.
ERIE ci )b.NT Y.
The lake is open between this harbor and
Detroit, and as far east as Dunkirk. The
ice I 11110h12111! continnes al the foot of the
hike, and MI \lg.! ion will not open, with
the exception of a vessel now and Men, for
a collide week,.
In Mill Creek some half a dozen dead
men have been drafted, and witless than a
dozen who have substitutes in the field. A
large number of the conscripts cannot be
foutid, having changed their residenno
since the enrollment was made.
We learn from a gentleman who has just
come from that Vii•lnity, that untnistakable
indications of oil have been di;eovered i
the well on the farm of Joseph Y. More
head, in I arbor Creek township.
A great fall in the price of produce and
store goods has taken plane ill this eity.
Erie Observer.
BENJ. WHrfMAN, E. q., Editor of the (Ho
se/Ter has bought 011( his partner and is now
sole proprietor of the paper, which is one of
tho best Democratic journals in the State,
AIONTWE (•( ')I-N1
U AND OIL.—We learn that, a Nev
York company have commenced exploring
for coal on Iho farm of Jol:eph Heckman in
Pocono township, Monroe county. They
have a large number of miners at work on
the farm and feel cmitident they will succeed
in finding a good quality of coal. if they
succeed it will he a " big thing for our
friends in :Monroe.
The oil fever has also broken out in
Hamilton township, and preparations are
making to develop several tracts on which
there are strong indications of oil. There
are several springs in the vicinity of- Fen
nersville, the waters of which are so greasy
that they could never be used for cooking
or washing purposes. These are the usual
indications of the existence of oil. Who
knows what large fortunes are buried be
neath some of the h, ur ren lands of Monroe?
It is hyjust such regions that oil is found in
Virginia and Western Pennsylvania.
St. Louis Horse and Mule Market.
[Report of sales at the Gothic Sale Stables
for the week ending March 29, 1865.]
Sales for the pa.st week have been twenty
head of fine Horses, from $2OO to $225 each
one pair matched, fast trotters, at $9OO, and
50 common work front $5O to $l3O each.
Buyers are paying for Government Cav
alry horses, subject to inspection, $155, and
for Artillery $165 each cash. Government
is payinig for same $l7O and $lBO in vouchers.
Government Mules are worth $lB5 in vouch
ers, and buyers are paying $l7O cash.—Price
Cicrrent.
It is stated that, from an inspection of
the Stratford Register, it is found that
Shakspeare's widow, subsequently mar
ried a shoemaker of the town, named
Richard James,