a_~_y
t~k~~e)x~g~uc~r,.___
561.213102 t'i.)3M4.9 Di LP
6 f i r i nt i ng pr e s s es shall be free to evert ,
perdon'fwho undertakes to .egagnine the pro
eeeglifiga 'oftbe legislature, or, any , branch of
government; and no law shall ever be made'
tottetrain the righttherixtf. -The free commu
nication of thought and opinions is one of the
invaluable rights. of- rum t and every citizen
may freely speak, write and print on any sub
ject; bein_g responsible . for the abuse of that
liberty. Lu.prosecutions for the publication of
papers investigating the official conduct of offi
cers, or men in public capacities, or Where the
matter published Is proper for public informa
tion, the truth thereof may be given In evi
dence.":_—Cetutifution of .Pennayitxrnia.
Political Degradation and Decline.
Public sentiment in our country is in
some yesitects far from being as elevated
asititiouldhe. Our people have been
trained to take too narrow a view of life
and to put too low an estimate upon its,
duties. In all things we have, looked
too exclusively to the material advan
tages to be secured. The children of
this land have been educated, not so.
much with a view of forming complete
and well developed men and women,in
the highest and best sense of the term,
but rather with a view to their getting
forward in the world. We are and
have been too much a nation of sharp
traders. Our unvarying question in
regard 'to every project presented has
been, "will it pay 'X' We have esti
mated every scheme by the amount
of money in it. The thirst for gold has
been wide-spread and all-pervading,
and an inordinate desire for wealth has
been the prevailing and distinguishing
characteristic of our people. Nor have
we been at all scrupulous as to the
means by which riches were to be
gained. Tricks, too sharp to he honest,
have been the subject rather of approval
than of honest indignation and proper
scorn. We have failed as individuals,
and as a nation, to cultivate the highest
style of manhood. Our model merchant
has been theman who has succeeded in
Amassing the largest fortune. If a man
could only succeed in retiring from
pork-packing or stock dealing a mil
lionaire, it mattered little what else
he had been or was. He might
be a low-bred vulgar, man, but his
wealth caused him to be envied, and
gave hfm influence and social import
ance, while a brown-stone front in a
fashionable part of the city, and a splen
did turn-out on the street, gave his wife
and daughters admittance to our most
fashionable circles of society. The al
mighty dollar has been too much our
God. The practical teaching of society
td the children of the land has been too
much like the reported dying advice of
the old Quaker to his son " Get money
John! Honestly If thee can, John; but
John, get money !" The getting of
money has been regarded as the chief
business of life, the acquisition of
wealth as the chief and most worthy
object of ambition.
This inordinate desire for riches has
pervaded every class of society, and
the haste to be wealthy has led to more
than ordinary bluntness of moral
perception. It has corrupted many of
our public men, and caused offices to be
eagerly sought, more for the emolu
ments to be derived from them than
froth a pardonable desire for distinet
or the more elevated and ennobling
ambition of serving the public chiefly
for the public good. Thus have our
legislative bodies, both State and Nation
al, been crowded by political tricksters;
men who scrupled at nothing ; who
made their public position subservient
to their private interests, who were al
ways ready to sell their votes to the
highest and best bidder. True they
stood by their party, as a general thing,
when a question was up which was re
garded as a party test, but on all ordi
nary subjects of legislation—they were
ready, with " itching palms, to sell and
mart their offices for gold."
It is notorious that the meagre salary
of a member of the Legislature of Penn
sylvania has for years, possessed the pe
culiar property of expanding itself to
such wonderful proportions, that a few
successive winters at Harrisburg have
been regarded as sufficient to secure an
ample fortune to any man who Was
sharp enough to manage the matter
adroitly. It is sad to think how very
low the standard of political honor and
honesty has come to be among us. The
day when suspicion of taking a bribe
was well deserved political damnation
to any man has passed away, we fear,
forever. The moral sense of the people
has been blunted by the teachings of
society. Dishonesty is only disreputa
ble now when practised by obscure par
ties, or in little things. The poor scamp
who fails to pay his tailor is despised, the
miserable wretch who is guilty of petty
larceny is tried and condemned as a
felon ; but the men who are defaulters
to the Government for large sums, those
who
. .plunder the public treasury of
many thousands, and those who take
bribes from day to day, are regarded ;is
virtuous individuals, and recognized as
honorable and distinguished members
of our modern American society. We
are shamed and disgraced by such oc
currences almost daily. Official stealing
has got to be the rule rather than the ex
ception.
Not only does corruption of this kind
stalk abroad bare-faced and unblushing
in the light of day, but it is no longer
regarded as the slightest ban to success
in public life. It has become so com
mon that it no longer excites remark,
and no longer arouses indignation.
When such is the political atmosphere
in which a people line, public virtue
necessarily dies out among them, and
the great and tne good of the laud shrink
from the wretched struggle by which
alone public position is to be gained. It
is not strange, in view of this
state of affairs, that our Legisla
tures, both National and State,
present such a decided contrast to
those which marked the earlier and
purer days of the republic. Our petal
cal degradation and decline has been
most rapid, most marked, and is one of
the saddest possible subjects which can
be contemplated by the man who is
solicitous in regard to the welfare of his
country.
The Rights of Congress :asserted
The following resolution, which was
unceremoniously tabled in the House of
Representatives last week, passed yes
terday by a handsome majority;—the
Democrats, and such Republicans as
have not come to regard the other
branches of the government as a mere
appendage to the executive, voting to
gether for it. Our readers mill remem
ber that its former defeat called forth a
most spicy debate, iu which Henry .
Winter Davis and Thaddeus Stevens
took occasion to rebuke the administra
tion party for their truckling subservi
ency, and their disposition to surrender
every power of Congress into the hands
of the executive. The resolution as
passed is as follows:
Resolved, That Congress has a constitu
tional right to an authoritative voice in de
claring and prescribing the foreign policy
of the 'United. States, as well in the recogni
tion of new powers as in other matters, and
it is the constitutional duty of the Execu
tive Department to respect that policy not
less in diplomatic negotiations than m the
use'of the national forces when authorized
by-law, And the propriety of any declara
tion of foreign policy byDongress is Both
cientlYproved by the votewhich pronounces
it, end such propositionovhile pending and
undetermined, is not a fit topic for diplo
matic explanation with any foreign power."
Superstition still .exists in France.
Lately, in an interior town, a young
mason - dug- up a body in a e.emeterY l
out off one hand and burned it tose4es;
he would then be able to shoot game
wittiouthis gun making any repprt to
attraeCtiwziotlee of the pollee guard.
The Dignity of Labor.
zest& • With.ikirraiWiiir
,hearts the mournful story of the fall of
our race. The concluding words of the
ctirse, "in the - sweat of thy broWshalt
thou eat bread until thou return unto
the ground;" .the earwith
grating harshnes6 But; if ,we hale
been thoughtful, if we have. Well 6Oh
,
sidered this, seemingly hartlV:sentenee,
if we have looked at man - in the *la
tion he sustains to the world in which
he dwells, we must see that beneath
this apparently dreadful curse God in
his infinite mercy has hidden a bless
ing.
How ever it may have been with him
before the fall, while he existed in a
state of perfection, it is plain that, now
at least,man can only rise in the scaleof
social being, and fulfil the high destiny
that is still possible to him by patient
and well directed labor. The advance
ment of the individual, of the family, of
the community, of nations, of the world
of mankind is dependent upon this.—
Even happiness, the phantom which
we all so eagerly pursue, is to 'be found,
not in listless idleness, but in the full
and fitting employment of both mind
and body. This will be disputed by no
one; and thus we see that this part of
the original curse has been transmuted
into a blessing. Nothing great, noth
ing useful, nothing high and ennobling,
nothing worthy of man's nature, of his
lofty origin and ultimate exalted des
tiny has ever been accomplished but by
toil ; by diligent and well directed
eftbrt, by the busy hand guided in its
efforts by the wise, thoughtful, hard
working brain. Driven from the gar
den of Eden, man had all the wide
world betbre him. Darkened and en
feebled as his mind was by the fall, he
was Still ,ainible of the grandest achieve
in en ts in arts, in science, and in every
walk of intellectual life.
Wherever man refused to recognize
the dignity of labor, he was found in
the degraded condition of the rude
savage. He roamed the forests unclad,
his home was some rude hut or cave in
the earth, he fed upon the spontaneous.
productions of the ground, or on the
weaker and less erafty beasts of the
field, and sometimes sunk so low as to
be addicted to cannibalism. Brute-force
was his law, the vilest superstitions his
religion, his love was but lust, and all
unholy passions were ever alive and al
lowed to revel unrestrained in his
breast.
Recognizing the great truth that la
bor is honorable, and that nothing good
or great can he accomplished without
It, man rises, through the triumphs
achieved by his own exertions, to high
er and ever advancing forms of civiliza
tion. The rude hut of the savage is
exchanged for the commodious home;
his nakedness, or covering of skins, for
clothing of the richest material, fash
ioned with artistic skill ; his coarse and
scanty fare, for every viand that can
tempt or satisfy the most capricious ap
petite ; instead of indolence we have
industry; for harbarism refinement;
for ignorance knowledge ; l'or the de
grading superstitions of paganism the
divine consolations of Christianity ;
for fierce strife, and brutal passions, all
theb u man it ies and amen ites of civilized
life.
True, the Wise ones tell its it is intel
lect that has done all this. And all
honor to. intellect. It also has its la
bor, and in its most abstract and ethe
rial form cannot develop itself without
the co-operation of its t win brother la
bor. Where intellect exerts it,ell, where
it thinks, Invents - , and discovers, it there
lalrors. Through the medium of labor
it does all that it dues, and upon labor it
is perfectly dependent to carry out its
mechanical operations. Intellect is the
head, labor the right hand. 'rake away
the hand and the head is a magazine of
knowledge and lire that is sealed up in
eternal darkness. SUCiI are the rela
tions of labor and intellect. Each is
dependent on the other, and in their
legitimate spheres of labor they are
alike honorable.
Emigration to Maryland
The Examiner pub dishes, with appar
ent satisfaction, an article from the Bal
timore btrrican, stating that in conse
quence of the abolition of slavery in
Maryland, that State is receiving large
accessions to her population from Penn
sylvania. The names are given of a
number of farmers from this State who
have gone over the line and purchased
plantations.
We have no doubt that a great many
of our best citizens will remove to Mary
land, being attracted thither by the
comparative cheapness of land ; but we
can see nothing in this to call forth re
joicing from any Pennsylvanian who
feels an interest in the prosperity of his
own State. I f the abolition of slavery
in Maryland is stripping us of thousands
of our most industrious tillers of the soil
—diminishing our population and re
ducing our wealth—then it is unquestion
ably an event over which we should not
feel called upon to rejoice.
Lancaster county is likely to share
largely in this new movement south
ward. Land is so high in this county,that
a little place of forty or fifty acres will
sell for enough to buy a good sized farm
even in Washington and Frederick
counties, Md., where soil is of excellent
quality and in a fine state of cultivation
and improvement. The chief restraint
upon emigration to that section hereto
fore, has been the prejudice of our peo
ple against the institution of slavery.
This being now removed, the line farms
of the counties named, which can be
bought for half the, price of land of the
same quality and irl'the same state of im
provement in this region, will no doubt
tempt many of our well-to-do farmers
to part with their old homesteads and
buy large tracts on the other side of
Mason and Dixon's line.
What It Costs to Live
The following is a carefully prepared
statement of the prices demanded for
the general every-day articles of cow
sumption before the war and at the pre
ent time, together with the per centage
of increase. Some of the commodities
named have increased from 660 to 650
per cent., and are still On the rise. NO
sensible person can peruse such statistics
without stopping for a moment and con
sidering to what we are drifting :
Formerly.- Present Price. Increase.
Tea .... .54) ets pr 1t)......t'l ;0(1175 20),a'250
Coffee. -._i-1 do obs 714 330(0_'400
Sugar S :to 75
Beef 11 to 1-1 do 22(0. 30 over 100
Mutton .. Sto In do 16(4t) 20 about 100
Pork 9to 12 do 20® 30....ab0ut 150
Ham eut.ll do 20® V near 210)
Lard 11 do ...... . 30 173
But ter.....25 to 35 do ...... 70® 100 250e1)245
Milk 4 to 5 per qt. l' , 140@200
Flour 104)
House rent..
_lien's Clothing.
Dress Good for Women and Children... 3006.400
Aluslins :00,150
Brown Sheetlngs • 6000.650
Canton Flannels, formerly De, now.7sc. G3O
Cotton Laps, do 18e, do 175 e. 872
Drugs 200
Coal and Wood 1300 200
Boots 200c5M
Three years ago no one ever dreamed,
and, in fact, it was unsafe to publicly
announce that such prices as those quot
ed above would be the ruling figures of
to-day. But this would hardly be worth
a consideration if we were assured that
matters would become no worse. Yet
day after day prices are advancing, and
the present reckless management of the
affairs of the nation is tending to add
still greater weight to the burden which
is :now crushing the people.
The largest, refracting telescope in
America has just been completed in
Cambridge, andpurchased for the Chi
cago University for $18,187. Its weight
15f.,000 pounds, and the length of the
great tube 22 feet.
How Should We Use One t _
preeen
ministration shown its utter unfitness
to rule, more clearly than by the repeat
ed evidence it has given of its inability
to make_ any4JToperuseofsuch victories
oallavOteckfrom tincitt4 I time gabled
by arrities;';,ln ;lie hiiitory 4f, all
great Wars it luiaßeetOtsuarfor thafauc
cessfut'party, aver a - iigna'yictoiy, to
offer to'nake terms of peace with their
adversaries. This has been done from
motives of humanity, as well as from
reasons of political policy. All great
wars, being waged for some ostensible
purpose, have been ended at length by
negotiations, generally add• very pro
perly begun at some opportune moment
of decided military success. Then the
defeated party is inclined to take coun
sel from his temporary weakness, and
then the victors can afford to be not
only just, but generous.
The terrible civil war in which we
are now engaged was begun for the
avowed purpose of restoring the su
premacy of the Constitution, and of our
constitutional form of government, ever
such States as had revolted. Believing
it to be such, the war at the beginning
I received the cordial support of the mass
of the people of the North without ex
ception as to party. Over and again,
did the Democratic party pledge itself
to aid in its prosecution, so long as it
was conducted in accordance with the
Constitution, and with an eye single to
the restoration of the I - Mon.
Not only have the crude theories, and
the fanatical designs of the party in
power led them to divert the war en
tirely from its original avowed purpose,
and made it infinitely more bloody and
costly than it should have been; but
they have so complicated our relations
with the people of the South as to ren
der it impossible for any man to dis
cern the end of this horrible strife. We
gain victories, but they are barren of
good results, because no use can be made
of them by our rulers. Mr. Lincoln,
being merely the willing tool of a set of
utterly imprzu fanatics, dare not
oiler the South any terms of peace which
they can accept. Horace, we can see no
end to the strife, but in the complete
exhaustion of one or both of the con
tending parties.
Is that likely to happen speedily?
We do not believe it is. Sy long as the
people of the ;••4outh remain or one mind,
aml bear to us the bitter hate which the
policy of the party now in power must
necessarily excite, so long will we re
main widely dissevered and warring
sections of it once united and prosper
ous country. Union on the theory of
the radicals in power is impossible, and
they can never end the war until they
change their policy. So long as vin
dictiveness and hitter hate is the pre
vailing sentiment on the part of the
party in power in the North, it will be
met and responded to by corresponding
and almost universal bitterness and
hate in the South. Until there is a
complete change of policy our victories
must continue to he barren of any good
results. Just now there is almost a
surfeit of good' news, and the Admin
istration papers arc busy in showing
how the war will end in just ninety
days more. It is even said that some,
who have recently put in substitutes,
are regretting the expenditure of their
money. So long as there is no evidence
of a change of policy, there is but little
cause for exultation on the part of the
former, or of regret on the part of the
latter. It is simply impossible that the
war should end, while the sentintent ()I'
the people of the South continues to be
what it must micessarily be made by
the acts anti the policy of the radicals
who have charge of our atlkirs. We
know, front the lessons of the past,
enough to make us very distrustful of
the future, and we warn our readers not
to credit any of the overwrought repre
sentations of Abolition newspapers, but
to set their houses in order, and to pre
pare for other and more oppressive
drafts than any they have yet suffered
from.
National Debts of European Nations.
It is all old saying that " misery loves
company," Juni if the adage be an 01l
spring of truth, as no doubt it is, we
will find con,oltd ion, while we are de
sponding over the condition of our gov
ernment finances awl the enormity of
our liabilities, in the fact that the na
tional debts of the principal nations of
Europe have also largely increased with
in the last few years. Notwithstanding
the strenuous efforts which England
had made to reduce her indebtedness, it
appears that' her debt is now nearly as
large as it was fifty years ago, when she
was just emerging from her protracted
war with Franfp, and is one hundred
and twelve millions of dollars greater
than it was in 18.53, as may be seen by
the following table showing her aggre
gate liabilities at carious periods :
3' ,r
1, 4
1 I.
1, 1
1,1(
England has struggled hard for half a
century to reduce lierpublic debt—with
what success may he seen by the above
figures—and at the end of each year she
has barely been enabled, as AI r. llan
stone remarked, to make both ends
meet.
And how has it been with Prance:'
In 1851 the French government owed
5902 7 000,1101 I, or less thanlhall of the pres
ent debt of the United States. In 185.5
she had increased to 51,216,500000 ; in
1800 to 51,70n,000,000 ; and now her na
tional debt amounts to :'-'1,900,n00,n0n,
which, with floating bills to the extent
of S168,000,0(51, makes the aggregate
liabilities of the empire at the present
time foot up 52,065,n00,000. It appears
by these figures that the debt of France
has increased more rapidly within the
last ten years than that of any other na
tion in Europe.
The Italian States have also been ex
pending money without stint, th e y
hawing increased their liabilities in
three years from 5-153,n00,000 to SBOO,-
000,000, or to nearly half the present
debt of the United States, without a
tenth part of the resources wherewith
to meet it. And the same, in a greater
or less ratio, may be said of RuEtsia, Prus
sia, Denmark, and many other coun
tries; so that we find at the present
time the debts of the different nations of
Europe reach the.aggregate of $12,5011,-
000,000, which is about the liabilities of
the United States multiplied by six.—
.iVeu , York He raid.
Oua African sister—Liberia—is to
have one of our gunboats on credit, as
decided by the Committee on Foreign
Affairs, " for the purpose of assisting in
the stoppage of the slave trade, now
carried on contrary to the will of that
Government." The Secretary of the
Navy is directed to select the vessel and
complete the arrangements. It is ex
pected that this new policy of making
free gifts of our Navy (Liberia being
one of the biggest humbugs of the age) .
will continue until all the chiefs of the
two C4uienas, Senegambia, and the Un
explored Region are provided with one
of these interesting relies.
One Use of Our Victories
The President has ordered a call and
draft for three hundred thousand more
men, to make up deficiencies occasion
ed by credits on the last call. This is
the first tangible fruit of our recent
much heralded victories. We hope
none of the enthusiastic believers in the
ninety-days theory of Secretary Seward
will allow their faith to be shaken. Let
them still show the same silly credulity
they have so long exhibited. By so
doing they may maintain a reputation
for consistency, at the expense of their
reputation for good sense,
The whole of''the rebel Gen. Buek.
ner's baggage was captured on theist
inst., about four miles above Rodney,
on the Mississippi_ river. It consisted
of six trunks, all heavily packed with
" the thneores of-civilized life."
A:0.
plied to the leaders of, thatTarty which
rut an early period stood upTor the rights
of the 'people, as a *term; of reproach:l
In the yearl.799, wtis.A:Thdpnwlifaisati,.
vas elected Cover:nor of the sAti• of
'Pennsylvania; over Jame Itoss,-party_
spirit ran as high as it haS° done at any
periodsinee. ,Then our party held ‘l6
the name of Republicanl . -i but it was
styled the Denmpratic party by way of
reproach. It afterwards sdopted the
nickname thus given to its. and made it
not only respectable but figinidable.
We have lately had or attention
called to an address issued by Thomas
Cooper, Editor of the Sunbury and
Northumberland Gazettii,, published
June 29, 1799. In that paper, in speak-
ing of the means by which it would be
possible for the President 6f the United
States to make encroachments upon the
rights of the people, h imagines a
ease which in nu in Y respects is
so accurate a descriptioof what we
have seen occurring in diir day as to
make his words seem alai »t prophetic.
They at least prove him t 4: have been a
man of more than ordinOry sagacity,
and show that, even as eaOY as the be
ginning of the present 'century the
party afterwards known by the honor
ed name of the Democracy held the
same opinions that they do at present,
and that their opponents ifere then, as
they now are, in favor cf Executive
usurpations of poster. A#. cooper, in
the article referred to, says
" I can best illustrate ink!meauing by
supposing a case. Let me place myself,
therefore, •in the President's chair, at
the head of a party in this'eountry aim
ing to extend the influence!of the Gen
eral Government, to inertase the au
thority and prerogative or the Execu
tive; and reduce by degrees to a mere
name the influence of the : !eople. How
would I set about it; what system would
I pursue?
As the rights reserve& td,3 - the state
Governments, and the !bounds and
limits set by the Constitntiou of the
Union, are the declared barriers against
the encroachments of exeOttive power ;
my first business would Pie to under
mine that Constitution, liud render it
useless, by claiming authnrity, which,
though not given by the eXpress words
of it, might be edged in intiler the cover
of general expressions or nnplied pow
ers; by stretching the meaning of the
words used to their utmostdatitude; by
taking advantage of evert:'' ambiguity ;
and by quibbling upon' tibtractions to
explain away the plain ;and obvious
meaning of the written imllru went. It
would be my business to extend the
powers of the Federal !Courts, and
of Federal Officers ; encroach
upon the powers of the S'fate Govern
ments '
• and for that purpt* to promote
a spirit of opposition anidug them, so
as to subject to accusatiod of disaffec-
tion to those which were the most op
posed to the arbitrary measinres I should
intend to pursue. In addtVon to this I
would IIOW and then exerise trilling
acts of authority not alrowed by the
Constitution, under some; pretense of
necessity or sonic prerogative. If by
such means I should succeed in making
one encroachment, this I Ni - ould use as
a pretext for some other greater,
until the public should Lys degrees be
come accustomed and call Ons to them."
" My next object Nrollid pc to restrict,
by every means in my i power, the
liberty of the press; for the free discus
sion of public characters too (longer
tts for despotism to toler4e. Hence I
would multiply laws agairast libel and
sedition, and fence round tile characters
of the officers of the Goliernment
well contrived legal obstacles. \V hat
soever should tend to brilig them into
contempt should be sedition, however
contemptible or reprehtlnsible they
might I,e. Hence, too, 1 Ny'ould express
the idea, that all who oppOSed my ideas
were enemies of the Itovet•pment, that
is, WI my "construction of it,l of
the country. It should be the
business of my partizans to cry
down all such persons, ti's dangerous
and seditious; as disturburti of the peace
of society ; and as traitors i tor little less
than traitors. The °bioin:s' induced by
'these charges, being itweltppon in the
public prints under my ; ..outrol, and
vociferously urged by nryt dependenk
in office in private converifttion, would
make opposition to my measures ob
noxious and dangerous, and thus sup
press freedom of speech, turd put an end
to political discussion.!!
"The more completely To enlist the
ambitious, the needy, and': the unprin
cipled under my I•anners, would take
care that no place, no no counte
nance should be given or any except
those whose opinions and language were
implicitly and actively coincident with
any Own.
" By strict attention to the mere forms
of religion, by great outwalNl respect for
the clergy ; by a declared preference for
religious characters ; by
..frequent ap
pointment of days of fast lug anti prayer;
by all possible means :ft Oty command
I would gain over the cletigy to my in
terests, and acquire for my designs the
popular reputation of sanctity. Thus,
should suspicion be laid asleep, as to the
motives of my conduct, apil the voices
of the bigoted and ignorat4, as well as
of the interested and incrOnary of the
land should be loud in my praise.
" It would be my evidefrt interest to
cultivate the moneyed men of the coun
try. Hence, 1 would slio,r a decided
preference for merentile:people ; and
would especially en couragetthe banking
and funding systems. Tltr, latter par
ticularly ; because the metre money I
could borrow on any iiretetice, the more
jobs, the more contracts, rt,tid [the more
means I should have at Ifitnd for cor
rupting my adversaries anti purchasing
partisans.
1) , b/.
1 ; ~W,IMXI,INMI
4,111N1,0(111,01111
1,4:5,1X10,0X1
gi5.1)(0,000
;;,545,11. , 41, (P9O
:;,957,1)011,090
" lint the grand engine, the most use
ful instrument of despoti.c ambition,
the means upon which Ii could most
safely rely, would lie a large standing
army, and a greatly ineren i ied navy. ,,
Snell, under the form of a supposed
ease, is a description of t 1 e means at
tempted to be employed by the Federal
party in 17P9, for the purpOie of inereas
ing the power of the execull,i, - e at the ex
pense of the rights of the States and the
ConstitiOnal liberties of thepeople. They
were signally defeated in their nefari
ous designs ; hut in our Ay we have
seen every one of the beaus above
enumerated successfullyi• employed
for -.Millar nefarious purposes.—
The Constitution has I,(een insidi
ously undermined, and most shame
lessly violated; the liberty of speech
and of the press has heerE restricted ;
those who have opposed tlf'k, follies and
the crimes of the party in power have
been denounced as seditiUtis, and stig
matized as traitors; thus has political
discussion been entirely prevented iu
some States, while in all it ;has been re
stricted; the clergy hates liven e9rrupt
ed, and made the mere subservient tools
of the party in power ; thenioneyed in
terests of the country have : been enlist
ed, and a huge expenditure' i lias put into
the hands of the Administration almost
inexhaustible means of corruption ; and
the grand engine of despotiSin, au enor
mousstanding army, has bee' r n employed
to further the centralization Wall power
in the hands of the Executri;e. It really
seems as if Mr. Lincoln hail deliberate
ly adopted the plan for el - dating a des
potism laid down by Mr. Cooper in the
article from which we haveamoted.
A Grim Record
From the Albany Argus.;
The 'Southern Almanac for hie year 1865,
published at Lynchburg, Va., gives a state
ment of the killed, wounded tmd prisoners
in the great battles of the war;i'for 1861-'62-
'63-'64. The publishers say that the returns
for the first three years areacc4rate, having
been compiled from official soaces. Those
for 1864 are approximated r but they are
nevertheless nearly correct. r.
.
Killed. Wounded. PrfB/niers. Total.
1661 . 1,031 4,312 1,606 6,999
1862 ..17,189 49,533 5:075 68,615
18473 _12,200 48,000 7P200 131,400
1804.............15,100 45,000 7316) 67,8181
Total
_ .
Killed. Wounded. Prisoners. Total.
1861 4,998. 9,874 9,773 24,648
111432.............20,275 68,388 43818 132,371
1863 _18,300 54,0110 311000 100,300
1864 64,000 110,000 3270(81 206,000
T0ta1...197,573 242,265 119,481. 469,419
Fedeial loss ln battle, etc .0,419
!, by sickness, etc 3:10,000
419,119
Confederate loss In battle, ete....274,841
If " by stekness, ete r 100 ? 000 •
424, 844
E.
:seem of Federal loss
otal loss
14(3,812
FFDI. RAI S
3'14,30
...... 1,244,263
.-74 10 ,416Mgeatalaillifts
-- 41 - the — lftWilielirigirttatin -- the Su ,
Rretne Court of the United States, on
of last week, in commemo
-iation of the death of Chief Justice
, l'Tifiey t that magistrate was stylecletle
`Milt! the line of our!Chil r it Juetfees.
lii`Other places he has beenistyled the
feuith, and in still others, the sixth.--
Tl 3
~National Intelligencer says ,the
variation results from the omission or
inclusion of one or both of the names of
I John Rutledge and William Cushing,
of whom' the former was appointed
Chief Justiceby Preatdent Washington,
and took his seat on the bench, but was
rejected by- the Senate,- and of whom
the latter was appointed by the Presi
dent and confirmed by the Senate, but
never acted in that capacity; The cir
cumstances of their respective cases are
as follows :
While. John Jay was absent in Eng
land, engaged in the negotiation of the
British treaty of 1794, he was chosen
Governor.of the State of New York.
Anticipating his resignation of the
Chief Justice, President Washington
offered the vacant post to John Rut
ledge, of South Carolina. In fact, Mr.
Jay's resi g nation was received on
the :10th of June, 1793, and on the fol
lowing day the President ordered the
commission of Mr. Rutledge as Chief
Jutice to be made out as of the date.
The appointment of the President and
the promulgation of the British treaty,
as negotiated by Jay and ratified by the
Senate, reached Charleston, the resi
dence of Rutledge, about the same time.
The indignation of the majority of the
people of Chaisteston at the terms of the
treaty knew no bounds, and Rutledge,
sharing in this popular sentiment, ad
dressed an excited assemblage on the
subject in language of reprehension and
reproach, which symbolized with the
most violent diction of President Wash
ington's political opponent. As Judge
Rutledge , had been .a no less trusted
than able member of the Federal party,
his " imprudent sally," as Alexander
Hamilton styled it,was read with "pain,
surprise and mortification." Hamilton
took up his pen in reply to Rutledge's
onslaught on the treaty and the entire
Federal party, not knowing that lie bad
received the appointment of Chief Jus
tice before he had taken his stand
against the convention of Jay, was in
dignant at his defection, or at the false
complaisance of the President, as sonic
supposed, when the intelligence of his
appointment was made public, without
its being known that the honor had
been tendered to him before his opposi
tion to the treaty was indicated.
Chief Justice Rutledge took his seat.
on the bench at the August term of the
Supreme Court, which opened at Phila
delphia on the 21st of that moulth, in
the eear 1795. On the adjournment of
tile Court, after a session of but a few
days, he returned to Charleston. In
November of the same year he pro
ceeded to Augusta to hold a term of the
Circuit Court, and soon afterwards set
out to hold the circuit in North
Carolina, hut was overtaken by sick
ness on the way. His long ; and in
cessant labors had imptureil the
vigor of his constitution, and, under the
access of disease, his miml gave way.
The rumor of his failing health conspir
ed with the political rancor of the Fed
eral majority in the Senate to procure
his rejection by that body. "The Sell
ate's refusal to confirm his appoint
ment," says the biographer from whom
We glean these memoranda, " extin
guished the last spark of his sanity."
A burning and a shining light in our
Revolutionary period, his sun Went
down in a cloud. He died on the 18th
of July, in the year 1500.
After the rejection of Rutledge by
the Senate, President Washington nom
inated \Vm. Cushing, of Massachusetts,
who was one of the Associate Justices
of the Supreme Court, to till the vacacy.
11,\V 11.• unanimously confirmed by the
Senate, and held his commission about
a week, when, on the ground of failing
health, he returned it, declining the ap
po ntmeu t. He never actually presided
;is Chief Justice, and hence his name
has sometimes been omitted from the
line of the Chief Justices of the - United
States. If we include Irotlt Judge Cush
ing and Judge Rutledge in the category,
Judge Chase is the seventh. The order
of the succession is as follows: John
Jay, John Rutledge, William Cushing,
Oliver Ellsworth, John Marshall, Roger
It. Taney and Salmon P. Chase.
Sensation in Troy
Ito 1111 l nitie ease of Alleged Crime, Lore
Exile, Luxury, and Arrest
The Troy Times 0; December 3d, has
the following spicy, though brief story :
Decidedly the most startling and sensa
tional case that has occurred in the
criminal history of this vicinity for a
long time was brought to light by the
'Mitts! States and local authorities yes
terday and this morning. The facts are
briefly these : For many years there
lived in (termany—at Cologne, we be
lieve—a young hanker by'the name of
Louis (toldenfauss. Trusted by his em
ployers, and acquainted With all secrets
of the financial world, he is said to have
not only forged the names of prominent
merchants as drawers and indorsers on
bills of exchange, F tt also to have suc
cessfully imitated the private mark
which denoted the genuineness of the
paper. Leaving a wile and child in
Prussia, lie (-tune to New York with a
beautiful young lady of course a lady
is in the vase) last May, and is alleged
to have negotiated fraudulent bills on
persons in Germany to the value of
to,ooo thousand thalers, which, at the
equivalent or 72 cents per thater, with
gold at S2.3o,gave him the snug fortune
of 5ti.5,000. lie came to Troy, and - made
many friends—especially among his
fellow-countrymen. Tall in person, in
telligent in countenance and conversa
tion, Louis Iteraud, as he called him
self, was a nail to make his mark any
where. He "banked" in Wall street,
and purchased a farm at Pittstown, in
this county—paying 516,000 for it, and
fitting it up in a great style, equal to
the island home of Blannerhasset. But
the Elysian dream was of short dura
tion. Yesterday afternoon, Deputy E.
States Marshal .Jarvis, of New York,
arrived here, with extradition papers
Pontr the Prussian government. In
company with officer H urlbert he pro
ceeded to Pittstown and arrested ( told
enfauss, alias Ueraud, at his home.—
The officers also brought with them it
safe, containing 530,000 in gold, and
reached here at midnight. This morn
ing the prisoner was taken to N. York,
but his friends secured the legal ser
vices or M. 1. Townsend and P. H.
Baerman, and elllleavorml to obtain
possession td . was 'Jud g ed
in the jail office. 1t will probably be
sent by express to New York, and (told
enfauss will start for (termany in the
next steamer. His friends claim his
innocence, but the Officers say that
when he was arrested he made a full
confession': The Ai& has made quite
an excitement in town.
r flie N . r
ash iugton Xational
Jo
irllipcmw,•says: General Sherman will
be net by sad domestic news when he
reai•hes the ocean on his victorious
march through It ebeldom. His youngest
child, a fine boy, about six mouths old,
died last week at South Bend, Ind., at
the residence of Speaker Colfax, which
is occupied by Mrs Sherman and family
this winter, the General's eldest children
attending the Catholic college in the
vicinity:of that town, and Mrs. Sherman
desiring to be near them. Many will
remember a very touching letter writ
ten by the General on the death of lds
son, a year or two ago; and while he is
in the field, so bravely fighting the ene
mies of his country, death -has robbed
him of another of his home circle t and
will cause the old wound to bleed afresh.
He will have the sympathies, in this
new affliction, of all who honor him
for his heroic patriotism.
The fine new sloop-of-war Wampa
noag was launched on ThUrsday fore
noon at Brooklyn Navy Yard, amidst
the cheers of a large assemblage of ladies
and gentlemen who had congregated to
witness the event. Among the dis
tinguished persons present were Ad
mirals Farragut, Paulding and Gregory,
in honor of the first named of whom a
salute was fired from the receivingship.
Twenty-seven vessels of the same class
as the - Wampanoag are now in course of
construction five of which are being
built at the Brooklyn Navy Yard.
Chief Justice Chase on Thursday last
took the oath of office and assumed
charge of his duties as presiding officer
in the United States Supreme Court, at
Washington.
An immense explosion occurred on
Thursday forenoon at the Dupont pow
der mills, near Wilmington, Delaware,
by which ten men were killed and
several wounded. The noise was heard
and the, shack felt, very sensibly as far
north as Trenton N, J.
° ROWS**
omliii. r rAngrultir Chien' a-n'nd.
-
December 9.
The Yankees kicked up quite a fuss
in the State House. They had a mock
Legislature, elected speaker; clerk, &c.,
and were introducing bills, resolutions,
&c., at" a furious Tate, witefta courier?
burst into their midst, almost bri.pathlesS'
with the announcement" The Yankees
are coming!"—then thelwhole peneern
absquatulated with the'most precipitate
haste and alarm. - This was not a bid
travestle on the closing hours of the late
session.
L. Carrington, Esq., the efficient and
indefatigable clerk of the House,sueceed
ed in saving the records of.his depart
ment, having removed them via Savan
nah, Thomasville, Albany and Macon,
and thence back to the capital. The
Yankees ravaged his •nice little farm,
near the city, killing all, his stock, and
destroying everything in the shape of
subsistence on the place.
The richest man in Baldwin county
has not corn enough to last till March,
and meat is not, and will not be. The
house next to Mr. Carrington was burn
ed, and it was through the presence of
his wife alone, that his own place was
saved from the flames.
fFrora the Macon confederate.]
On Sunday, November 20, Slocum's
corps of Sherman's army, began to pour
into our devoted city, The few com
panies of troops which composed our
local guard had been withdrawn. Most
of the public stores had been removed,
and the ill-fated inhabitants were left to
the tender mercies of the invader. On
Monday Sherman arrived with the
balance of his army. Most of the inert
belonging to the city left before the
enemy arrived. Those who stayed mid
our noble women had to submit to all
the insults, tyranny and oppression
which the invader saw . fit to inflict.
Robbery of every kind and in every
degree was the order of the day. Dis
gusting scenes of plunder and rapine
were perpetrated in the presence, and
with knowledge of officers of high rank
and when expostulated with, and asked
to protect private property, we were
told that they intended every Southern
man should feel that it was very ex
pensive ti, be a rebel. Indeed th6y
seemed to think that everything we
had belonged to them, and that it was
a very great crime to hide anything
from them, and hiding did very little
good, for they are the most experienced
and adroit thieves that we ever heard
of, and knew exactly where to look for
hidden treasure.
They burned two or three private
dwellings in the vicinity, but none in
this city. Penitentiary can be
easily repaired ; the walls are not in
jurea except at the gate, and the large
building containing the cells ror the
prisoners being composed of granite,
brick and iron, call be easily repaired.
The railroad bridge across Fishing
creek can be rebuilt in a short time, as
the abutments and piers are uninjured.
The enemy remained here from Sun
day evening Until Friday - morning,
which gave them time to pillage the Sur
rounding country for many miles. They
strolled about the country in small par
ties, frequently unarmed.
Captain Sam McComb, Lieutenant
Joe Beall, dolphus McComb, Gus
Cone and Theodore San thrd were cap
tured mar this place by some of Sher
man's forces. Messrs. Beall and A. Mc-
Comb escaped at No. 11 C. R. R. on
Tuesday last, and arrived here sate on
Friday last. Capt. Sam McComb was
still a prisom when they left. They
also state thiti , on. Thos. F. Wells, our
immediate St: c Senator, was a prisoner
in the enemy s hands. We sincerely
trust that they may be soot' released
from durance vile.
When Sherman's army approached
Milledgeville on Sunday, the 20th ult.,
we had the Presblent'sMessage in type,
ready for publication. The next day
we took doWn our press and hid it and
the type of our office where they could
not find it. ()mot' the Yankee generals
had his headquarters in our Mike, but
did it little damage. We print the
present issue 1,11 a hand press, not yet
having had time to get home our cylin
der press. Gur office 'has literally been
trodden under foot by the Gentiles, but
we hope by next week to be all right
again. The mails have been greatly
damaged, so that many of our subscri
bers will not get their papers this week,
but we hope the mails will soon he re
sumed and things go on as usual.
Trade Regulations with the South.
The general regulations for the pur
chase of products of the insurrection
ary States on Government account have
just been promulgated, providing for
the appointment of agents, by,
the
Secretary of the Treasury, at the fol
lowing designated markets or plaees of
Nurchase, viz: New Orleans, Memphis,
ashville, Norfolk, Beaufort, Port
Royal and Pensacola.
The price to be paid for any of the
products purchased sltall be agreed upon
botween the seller and purchasing - agent,
lint in no case to exceed the market
value in the city or New York, accord
ing to the latest quotations, which are
to lie daily forwarded tot he agents, and
to the colleetor and surveyor of cus
toms, less a sum ei rind to the internal
revenue tax, the permit fee, and such
deductions its will cover transportation,
insurance arid other expenses, and to
such arrangements for payment as may
be prescribed in special instructions.
It is further provided, among other
things, that the sales of produets pur
chased may be made weekly at public
auction to the highest bidder, not ex
ceeding in quantity ono-fifth of the
amount received during the previous
week, unless under peolliar circum
stances. Any person bringing in pro
ducts for sale to the purchasing agent,
desiring to repurchase and transport the
same to a loyal State, may give notice
to that ellbct at the tinie of making
sale, when, under certain regulations,
the aceommodation will be granted;
but the: products sold shall not be re
sold until after transportation to a loyal
State, or to a foreign port, and shall be
liable to forfeiture for breach of this
regulation.
The President, having approved the
regulation, has issued an onler upon the
subject, ill which lie says all persons,
except such as may be in the civil,
military or naval service of the Govern
ment, and having in their possession
any products of States declared in in
surrection which the agents are autho
rized to purchase, and all persons own
ing or controlling such products there
in, are authorized to convey the pro
ducts to either of the places which have
been or may heteafter be designated as
places of purchase ; and such products
so destined shall not be liable to deten
tion, seizure or forfeiture while in tran
sition or in -41111 awaiting transporta
tion.
Any person transporting, or attempt
ing to transport, any merchandise or
other articles, except in pursuance of
of the regulations of the Secretary of
the Treasury, or transporting, or at
tempting to transport them, or articles
contraband of war or forbidden by any
order of the War Department, will be
deemed guilty of a military offence, and
punished accordingly. The War and
avy Departments have revised (feneral
Orders, with a view to carry out the
above trade reg u la t Louis Price
Cotrrciit. .
The New York Time: , has:a New
Orleans correspondent whose represen
tations present a rather discouraging
picture of the working of the free negro
system there. He says :
" The crying evil which play be heard
on every plantation down the Missis
sippi is the incorrigible indolence of the
negroes, and with it the lack of power
to make the niggers work. The freed
men will work only as they feel dis
posed. The planter has no means to
compel him to labor, and consequently
the negroes on most plantations are un
derapoorcondition ofdiscipline. Not one
in fifty will raise a linger to help them
selves so long as they can get enough
to eat by stealing and possess a rag
to cover their nakedness. Indepen
dent of the ravages of the army worm
the crops of the majority of the plan
tations would have resulted in small
returns the present season. I have
heard a dozen planters assert this fact,
and they attribute it to no other cause
than the universal indisposition of the
negroes to do, the necessary work, and
the utter inability .of the superinten
dents to get the work out of them. The
negroes are paid, clothed, and fed ; yet
they will steal sugar, and either eat or
sell it. They steal the corn and feed
their pigs with it and save their own
for market; They feign sickness and
will lie in the hospital for weeks when
nothing on earth is the matter with
them. The negro idea of
.freedom is
that of *unrestrained license to do as
they please and go where they choose.
• "'
The notorious steamer Alexandra,
supposed to be'a Confederatesprivateer,
has arrived, at Nassau from. England.
1.. A.• • , 7 7"7" .11 . ,
— Vtir.Viffrritflo:?, - Dec: If.
SENATE.—Mr. Clark, President pro. tern.
in the chair. _ -
Mr. Nesmith, of4n; :presented the
memorials _of the - tare of Oregon,
proving for the establishment of a manu
leaky °farms in that State.
‘G:ritnes, lowa, from Committee on
NO/al Affairs, reported a 'joint resolution
tendering, the thanks of Congress to Capt.
Joim A.'WhasloW of the' S, Navy, in ac
cordance-with - the recommendation of the
PreSiderit. - •
Mr. Grimes said it was not necessary for
him to say anything as to the merits of this
case, the filets were well known to the
Senate. He moved that the Senate proceed
to the consideration of the resolution, and
asked unananimons consent to do so.
_ .
Consent was given and the resolution was
`considered and passed.
qtrimes, lowa, reported from naval
Committee, a similar resolution in the case
of Lieut. Wm. B. Cushing, which was also
passed.
Mr. Wilson, Mass., presented the petition
of several line officers in the army, asking
for additional compensation. Referred to
to the Committee on Military Affairs.
Mr. WiLson from the Military Committee
reported back the joint resolution offered
by him yesterday, with the recommenda
tion that it pass—it was read the first time.
IfousE.—Mr., 'Wilson, of lowa, from Com
mittee on Judiciary, reported a bill amen
datory of the act of July 17th, 1862 to de
fine the pay awl emoluments of oflicers of
the army, etc.; so as to read that any alien
of 21 years and upwards, who shall have
enlisted in the volunteer or regular army
or navy or marine corps, and been honor
ably discharged, may become a citizen with
out any previous declaration, and shall not
be required to prove more than one year's
residence. The bill was passed.
Mr. Stevens, from the Committee on
Ways and Means, reported a bill making
appropriations for the diplomatic and con
sular expenses, and a bill making apprt
priations for invalid and other pensions.
Both bills were referred to the Committee
of the Whole on the state oft he Union.
The bill for a shin canal around the Falls
of Niagara, and fir a ship canal front the
Misissippi to Lake Michipm, were further
postponed to the 2:ld of January next.
On motion, Brooks, N. Y., it was resolved
that the Committee on Foreign Affairs, be
instructed to inquire into the expediency of
forthwith providing by treaty or otherwise,
for the protection of our Canadian and pro
vincial frontier, front murder, arson and
burglary, o'4 - the pretence of rebel invasion.
Mr. Schenk, Ohio, front the Committee
on Military Affairs reported a bill provid
ing that all Major Generals and all Briga
dier Generals in the Military service of the
United States, who, out the 15th day of Feb
ruary, 191i5, shall not be in the performance
of duty or service corresponding to their
respective grades and rank, and who khall
not have been engaged in such duty or ser
vice for three months, continuously, next
prior to that date, shall lie then dropped
from the rolls of the army; and all the pay
and emoluments or allowances of Knelt
general officers so dropped shall cease front
that date, and the vacancies thus oceasioned
may he filled IT new promotions
and appointments us in other cases, but no
officer is to be considered as included in the
foregoing provision, whose absence from
duty shall have been occasioned by wounds
received, or disease contracted in the line of
his May while in the military service, or
by his lacing a prisoner of war in the hands
of the enemy, or under parole and
any Major ( ieneral of Volunteers or Briga
dier General of Volunteers, who may have
been appointed from the regular army un
der die authority given in section 4, of the
act approved July 22. d, 15(11, to authorize
the entployment of volunteers to aid in en
forcing the laws and protecting public prop
erty, and the acts amendatory thereto, who
shall be so dropped front the rolls, shall not
thereby be discharged from the service
of the United States, but shall be remitted
to his position anal duty as an officer of the
regular army,
Second thereafter continuously until the
termination of the existing War of the re
bellion on the last day of each month after
the 15th of relatary Isli.i the provisions of
the foregoing section shall be made
applicable to any general officer in the mil
itary service of the United States, Shall not
on the said last day of any month have been
engaged in the performance of duty or ser
vice or corresponding to his proper rank,
tin• three months consecutively then next
preceeding.
Mr. Cox, Ohio, inquired of his Colleague,
what had Iwconie of a similar bill introduc
ed here last session.
Mr. Schenck replied that, having passed
the Ii toe, it hangs tire in the Senate.
II r. ('ox sid he could see no necessity for
the passage of such a law, as the President
has now power to drop officers for incom
petency or inefficiency. He asked why the
Senate had not acted on the old bill ?
Mr. Schenck replied that he could not tell
his colleague the reason for the Senate's
non-action on the subject, as the question
had been fully discussed at the last session.
He would lIQW merely move the previous
question.
This was seconded, and under its opera
tion the bill passed—yeas, 96, nays 38.
The House then proceeded to the con
sideration of the joint resolution pend
ing from duly last, authorizing the
Secretary of the Treasury to appoint
three commissioners to inquire and
report, at the earliest practical It moment,
the best and most efficient mode of raising,
by taxation, the necessary itmount of reve
nue ha' supplying the winds of the I Mvern
went ; having regard to the sources from
which it is to 1/0 drived, with power to take
testimony tinder such regulations as may
be prescribed by the Sect - eta-v of the
Treasury.
The rOsolation was tabled—yeas nays
The house then took up and passed with
out delude the Senate bill, authorizing the
purchase or construction of six steam reve
nue cutters on the lakes, and appropriating
one million of dollars for that purpose.
WASHINGTON, Dec. 15.
SENATE.—Mr. Clark, of New Hiunpshire,
President pro tem, in the chair.
Mr. Sunnier, of Massachusetts, offered
the following, which was adopted: That
the President of the United States be re
quested, if not inconsistent with the public
interests, to furnish to the Senate any infor
mation on the files of the Department of
State concerning the paper published in the
VOIUMe or trettties, and entitled "an ar
rangment between the United States and
Great Britain, between Richard Rush, Esq.,
acting Secretary of State, and Charles B.
Agot, ILis Britanic Majesty's Envoy Extra
ordinar," relating to the naval three to be
maintained upon the Anterican lakes.
Mr. Lane, h unsas, offered the following
resolution. that the Committee on the con
duct of War be instructed to inquire as to
the truth of the alleged charges, that large
numbers of disloyal persons are in the eni
ph)yment of the government, in the Navy
Yards, Quartermasteni' and Ordinance
Departments, &e., of the ethintry, to the ex
clusion of loyal men, with power to send
for persons and papers.
VI r. Lane. I desire to make a statement
that was made in my presence last night,
before a large assembly of gentlemen, in a
public speech, that. It few days ago the son
of a soldier, 1010 died of starvation in a
rebel prison, applied at the Philadelphia
navy yard for employment, which was ne
cessary for j the maintenance of the family
left by thislsoldier who had died of starva
tion. lle wa.s refused, while at the moment
of his refusal there were thousands of dis
loyal Men ill the employment of that navy
yard; I make that statement in hearing of
the chairman'of the Committee on Naval
Affairs, mid call his :Mention to it. I ask
for the passage of the resolution.
Mr. Chandh•r, Mich., sug , ested that,
as the Committee on the Coraluet of the
War had as much before it as it could pus
sibly between new and the 4th of March,
the resolution had better be referred to a
special committee.
Mr. Lane, Kansas, said his object was to
have the investigation made and the report
upon it before the installation of the new
administration. If there was such an evil
as spoken of it should be made known, and
the policy of the administration should be
changed in the installation. Ile was one of
the men who believed that no government
could be successfully administered unless
it surrounded itself with office-holders in
sympathy with it. He wanted the report
before the 4th of March next.
Mr. Johnson, Md., did not know that he
had any more confidence in the Adminis
tration than the Senator from Kansas, but
he had no doubt the President would see
to it that the offices were tilled by loyal
men, whatever might be said as to the loy
alty of the Navy Yard employees, it was
a fact that they all voted for Mr.
Limon, he did not believe the Senate had
any right to interfere in this matter which
he thought was pertaining to the Executive
Department of the Government. Suppose
the investigation turned out as the Senator
from Kansas anticipated what could the
Senate do ? Nothing but express an opin
ion which could have no legal binding what
ever upon the President, and he might or
might not disregard it either because he
thought it his interest to do so, or not as he
did not concur in the conclusion of the Sen
ate on the subject, he was opposed to the
resolution.
Ifors—Holtnan of Ind. introduced a
resolution directing the Secretary of War
to furnish a copy of the order issued De
cember :21st 1863, in regard to troops
enlisted, on condition that they should
be discharged when their regi
ment were mustered out of serrviee ;
also, the order dated December, 1853, ad
dressed to the Governor of Massachusetts,
in regard to troops to fill up old regiments,
and, also, inform the House whether the
principles therein announced have been ap
plied to all soldiers mustered to till up old
regiments.
Mr. Schenck, Ohio, objected to the con
sideration of ;he resolution unless it was
referred to the Committee on Military Af
fairs, which he said now had that subject
under consideration and had already ob
tained information on the subject.
Mr. Holman's resolution was referred to
the Committee onllilitaxy Affairs.
Mr. Mallory, Ky.; asked leave to offer a
resolution requesting the President to com
municate all papers "bearing .of: the arrest
and imprisoinuentufLieut. Gov Jacobs and
Col..Maiferdy. the latter one (lithe Presiden
.
fishElec,tonsof Kentnek o T by.whookaordtk
arrested and *hint they - are rlsoned
Mr. Stevens, ,
On motion of Mr. Orth; of Ind., the House
took up and passed the Senate bill provid
ing for a special term of the Courts for the
district of Indiana.
On motion of Grisartild. of N. Y., a
resolution was passed directing an investi
gation of all the facts - its to the practical
operation of the pension laws, a system of
permanent relief, and to inquire into the
actual condition of the present invalids of
what measures should be passed to secure
them employment, independent of persons.
Mr. Cox, of Ohio, offered a resolution,
which was adopted.
Resolved, That the Secretary of State, if
not incompatible with the public service,
communicate to this House, all communi
cations on file in his office with reference to
the difficulty upon the northern borders,
and which have been referred to the- Com
mittee on Foreign Affairs.
Mr. f'ox said this information was desir
ed with a review of some action of the
Committee on foreign offairs and for the
eludiation of the questions Committed to
therein.
Mr. Blaine, of Me.,_ moved that the Com
mittee Ways and Means be instructed
to inquire to the expediency of 'exempting
sailing vessels of 500 tons, and upwards
from the 2 per cent. tax imposed in the 94th
seetion the internal Revenue Act of 1864.
Adopted.
WASHINGTON, Dec./19,
SENATE.--Nlr. Clark, the president pro
tem, occupied the chair.
Mr. hale,
N. U., tiPpeared in his seat.
Mr. Ten Evek, presented a petition front
citizens, who had United States Certificates,
asking for indemnity. Referred to the
Committee on the Judiciary.
.. •
Mr. Sumner, Mass., presented a petition,
from Henry Ward Beecher and three thous
and citizens of New York, praying for the
abolition of slavers. Referred to the Com
mittee on Slavery.
•
Mr. Wilson, SifISS., presented a petition,
front the officers of colored trools, asking
for an increase of pay, ,tic, lleferrNl to the
Committee on Military Affairs.
HousE.—Mr. Davis:Md,,otTered the reso
lution reported by hint on Thursday, and
which the 11m usethen (aided, d6claring that
Congress has a constitutional right to an
authoritative voice in declming and pre
scribing the foreign policy of the United
States, and that it is the duty of the execu
tive department to respect that voice, ke.
Farnsworth, 111., moved to lay the
resolution On the table, Disagreed to—yeaA
49, nays 73.
WASIIINGTON, 1)0(.. 20
SEN ATE.-Mr. Sherman, of Ohio, front
the Conunittee on Finance, reported the
llonss llill. to extend the time allowed for
withdrawal of,ertain goods, therein named,
front public stores, winch was passed.
Mr. Dixon, of Conn., from the Committee
on the District of Columbia, reported a hill
to amend the (Darter of the Washington
tias-light Company, so as to allow ft to
charge an inereasoid price tits' gas.
The rate fixed by the hill is the average
price charged at the Capitol of Maryland,
Penna., New Jersey and New York. The
bill was postponed.
llousE.—on motion of Mr. Rollins, N.
a resolution was adopted having in view
retaliation of treatment of rebel prisoners
in our hands, unless the I at federate au
thorities afford bettor treatment to Union
prisoners in their keeping.
on motion of Mr. Holman, a resolution
was adopted instructing an enquiry into
the expediency of selling lands, the pro
ceeds of the sales of which are to be disposetl
of by the State legislatures for the benefit
of soldiers permanently distilded.
Mr. Stevens, of Pa., reported a bill for
the support of the military academy and a
bill to supply the deficiencies of the appro- •
priations for the year ending with June
next.
Rolling them Responsible,
The Lou/sr/tie Dcmocrist thus em
phatically announces the determination
of the Democracy to hold the fanatics
now in power responsible for the salva
tion or ruin of the country. 1t says:
We call upon the Republicans to ex
hibit themselves now. They have it all
their own way. The Senate and lower
House are overwhelmingly for them,
In the whole length and breadth of the
land there is no voice powerful enough
to stay them or direct them outside of
their own organization.
There are no excuses now for them ;
they cannot shift their blunders on to
the Democrats or excuse their failures
by pleading the constraint of a power
ful minority. It is all theirs—every
thing. Democrats have nothing to do
with it ; the few present in Congress are
only marking the game. They can de
clare the moon green cheese and slice It
out among themselves. They can con
script the man in it, if they can catch
him. They can present a Heel of ves
sels to the negro kingdom of llayti, as
well as to the republic of Liberia. They
can present a red flannel shirt and a
family Bible to all the winsom infants
it Africa.
We wish them loak ! We call upon
them to save the country, or at least to
save the pieces. We are not proud—
anything will do. Only we warn them
that we Will hold them to a strict a 0...
countability. We will not abate one
jot or tittle the penalty they owe for
bringing on this war. We warn them
that they are housed in places that do
not belong to them, and we will as
suredly mahe them account for the
waste they do while thus situated.
A Proclamation by the Rebel General
Breckinrldg,e.
HEADQUARTERS, itee. itl24.
Protection having been guaranteed to
all citizens of East Tennessee who,
having entered the Federal service,
shall, in good faith, return home and
enter upon their pursuits as peaceable
citizens, this privilege is hereby ex
tended to all who, not having belonged
to the Confederate army, have gone
within the lines of the enemy to avoid
service or for other reasons. Such as
are above or below the military age
shall not be required to perform mili
tary duty, and all shall be free front
punishment except such as had been
guilty of murder and other high crimes.
All citizens and soldiers are requested
and enjoined to receive with kiminess
those who avail themselves of this or
der, and to cultivate such a spirit as
willput an end to the internal strife
and domestic warfare which have so
long desolated this portion of the State,
.Jxo. ('. linEclusninGE, Maj. (len.
Items of News
Kossuth has three nephews in the
Union army, Col. L. L. Zulaysky, who
when General Ashoth was disabled in
the late severe engagement at Mariana,
Fla., took the command and brought
the action to a successful close; Major
A. Ruttslagg, commanded the lst Flori
da cavalry, and Lieutenant E. Zulaysky
in his brother's regiment.
Rufus Choate's widow, who was n
daughter of the Hon, Mills Want, of
Hanover, N. H., died at Roxbury, Mass.
on the Bth inst.
The Czar, of Cracow , says that there
are at present seven hundred operative
tailors less in Warsaw than there were
previous to the insurrection of last year.
The tailors supplied the greatest num
ber to the revolution of any class of ope
ratives.
Our loss In the battle of Franklin
turns out to have been much larger
than first reports made known. It was
over two thousand in killed, wounded,
and missing. We lost nearly rIS many
prisoners as we took—that is, about a
thousand. This loss occurred when our
lines were broken, early in the action.
A wild boar was killed a few miles
from Bridgeport, N. J., a few days ago.
His appearance indicated an age of
about fifteen years. His skin was half
an inch think, and several loads of buck
shot were required to despatch him.
The carcase weighed 500 pounds, and
the tusks were. 3 inches long. It is sup
posed that there are others in the same
vicinity. About a year ago a pedestrian
of that neighborhood was pursued by a
wild hog, supposed to be the one
,just
Mika.
The rebel Longstreet is said to be still
suffering greatly from his wounds. The
ball went in at the base of his throat,
just below Adam's apple, and cut its
way out through the right shoulder,
just below the clavicle. As it passed
out it cut the nerves of sensation and
motion of the right arm. The arm still
remains paralyzed as far as motion is
concerned, but the nerves of sensation
are somewhat involved in the cicatrix,
and are morbidly and acutely seusitiye
and irritable, lie has taken oceans of
morphine, and is greatly reduced, but
the pain seems to remain as great as
ever.
The Sandusky I?e,gister of Monday
has the following : We are credibly
informed that one day last week one of
the rebel officers in the 'BulLPen,' as
our soldiers call it, otherwise in one of
the barracks in the enelo4ure on John
son's Island in which the rebel pris;
oners are kept, gave birth to a bounc
ing boy.' 'This is the first instance of
the father giving birth to a child w 4
have heard of; nor have we read of it
in the books. The officer, however; was
undoubtedly a wonian.!!
The Internal Ifovenue Pepartnient
haS detected the o;iliector at Detroit in
appropriating large en* money fat'
prlviitb apeOulationk,