She gaiunter wittiligturtr,
rUBI,ISIIED EVERY THIMSDAY BY
COOPER, SAN DERSO7i & CO.
J. M. COOPER,
H. Q Sirrra,
WM. A. MORTON, • ALFRED SANDERSON
TERMS—Two Dollars per annum, payable in
all cases in advance.
OFFICE-SOUTHWEST CORNER OF CENTIiE
SCOTABE.
? Al letters on business should be ad
dressed 'to COOPER, SANDERSO' & Co. .
Votttli.
THE...ORIGIN OF IRELAND.
\V id nll eondeseinshin,
I'n turn your attinsehin
To what I would niinsehln iv Erin so green,
And widout Itositaysehin,
I'd show l'av that nayshin
Iteeame iv ereayshin the giro and the queen
It happened one inornin',
Widhout Inc Svarnth',
That Vail us did bathe in the beautiful say,
An' he that SUM,. tokin,
• (And Buretwits provokin',)
I ler pinions war sOakin', an wudn't give pllll
So Nipt une, who knew her, a
Began to purshue her
In °railer, to woo her, the wicked owld Jew !
An' he vary nigh caught her
Atop iv the wather—
(t,reat 3 a pitec'g daughter, who cried Poo in to,
Hut Jove, Ito great jayn lout%
:111 saw Vaynus
=S==t=a=l
Sc, he routed out in thunditer,
Ile'd tare lifin asundher,
.In'ttlittre - twasnowondher tt n • hither hi , ehtld
• • So a star that was living
Around hint espyin
saztil without sight!).
14=1
\\There it tumbled Ulu , whilthr.
tut N ptune while sinkin'.
And gave thinkin% ‘, broth rd.
An' that slitar wit, illiry html.
'loth lowlanil and
An' funned it swate isLwd, t hi. 1411111 it 1 , 1/111!
' Thus slitiiry,
"I:itsri snit do‘rn•friiiii alory i
That Erin so hoard 011,11'1h!
jt11111)1 , 1
lin Erin
tint raYn/tl'll..kii.• ;111
111114•11 did
iillll . l , it had kill .1 11.1,
Tler !tel . :t tthr,,i• “i the ili,111!
An' that gins,
It mad, h.•r 17•rl
A little nI,1,•111 . 1,,IIS I i.•ur it might prm
•
Pl illre how Call y , Oll h Lime Is
That Erin's I:11111/IIS
Lear, tly, , tord /11 , (1 . 110,. 11.1, x 1,71. and Is
alti9rcllancous.
'rite Causes of Itailo a) Disasters
'l•he N,.‘v "1",)1.1( / .. 0. , / Hay, Ihr
1111111 her Faii :Li•rhilits ich have
happened lately ha, lint the et.ilinittity
upon iniittiring to \dial, eaustts they are
tiwing. Peril:Li., it 'nay throw some
light upon the• 'natter to' repeal here
ivhat a veteran rail et - ay engineer, of
kn0w1, ,, 1g(.(1 skill, ':lid, 5 , ,11/1•
to n ponp_ , :er lu•utheri the pro
fession.
" Within ten years, - said the engi
neer, "you will hear of frequent and
fatal accidents on our. therican rail
way,. 'rimy will inerease to all extent
which will he alisohltely appahing. The
wood and iron on 'il'vhich the \Vheeh: of
the trains run alt:nWcrtain lime.
At present thi•y are lin,stly new, and
the danger of whit•li I ,:lt,.:11; does not
exist: b u t thcy will
sound hi, the cue nutil their texture has
wen changed by the constant hammer
ing of the heavy loaded wheels, and
then they will suddenly give way, The
first warning which the comiqtnies have
of their unsoundness, with the exception
-of the length of time that they have
lremt in he some accident to the
tr a in s dim pa s s ~;ver them. But the
lime whieh has elapsed since they were
Mid will nut he regarded, The desire of
profit m ill inthwe t he railway rompanies
to leave them im the track as long as
the superintendent finds no defect in
them apparent. to the eye, and thus, the
(lisuster and the discovery of their de
fective condition will occur at the same
inoment."
What was predicted six years since is
beginning : to take place, aini it' there
was all ground for his warning, as we
are confident there was, will take place
more frequent lyitereafter. The passage
wheels over the iron mils is a con
stant succession of heavy blovi . s.
wheels not glide smoothly over the
track ; if they did they would run with
out noise; on the contrary, they beat the
rail with a violence that keel's the train
in a constant jar. The wheel soon loses
its perfect circular Form, etimbined with
rapidity of movement, converts it into
a hammer. Ivleler this succession of
-4rokes the wrought-iron rail splits into
flakes, and the rail of cast-iron loses the
close cohesion of its crystallized struc
ture, becomes brittle, and is retuly to fly'
in pieces on the application of the very
force which it had resisted for years.
The superintendent looks at the rails,
he SCI'S that they retaill their original
-outward form, and reports: the trail: in
United Mute,, with a millictu
as lvt, , have t-een; then Ategria,
501001, pouielt-, and finally Peru, with
210,1100 poutoit t
.' The tin (•,..1, is larger
t gothi condition and the rail. sound. I in tireat Britain titaxi anywhere else on
BeNe 11101 : Ill Ilg a train passes ovt‘r
them, a mil is lirol;en, the ears thrown
from the Ir:wk., corpses aver:tilled aNVay
from the broken and crushed vehicles.,
linneirtal person are sniarting with
are inainital for tiro.
To show how 50i,j,!,1 iron i to ,ri ce
suddenly under 1.1. m .;.• fre. i tiently
repeated, we were tout thy nth..r day of
what happened to a piece of cold iron
lilaueet under a trip-htihnner. Tho h;l.-
31101'tieseetleel again ant) again vVithnut
Anaking any apparent impression, blow
iufter blow lbllowed and still the meta
- resisted: another hlow was given, ant
v ,the iron Ileac at our, into four pieek,s.
The only way to avoid these accident.
is ti take up the mil:, berore their tex
ture is so altered as to render them un
safe, supply their blare with new, and
send the old to the founderies to he
Juelted and recast. 'Thorn is no other
way to avoid the murder of passengers
by scores, who intrust their lives to the
.keeping of those who manage our rail
ways. They do this in ;crmany. :is we
3nentiohed a few das since. a
rail w, the traek has its regular tcrin of
service. After a due time it is relieved
—after a certain amount of hammering
hy the wheels that thunder over it, it is
pulled from thegrottud without remorse,
I owever earnestly ibt apparent sound
ness nuty pleat', for it. and is sent to the
f unlace.
it is said that this metleid would be
'.xeeeding - ly difficult, if not impossible,
On our railways on aceount of the differ
cut times at which the rails are laid
down. Hails discovered to be weak are
taken up before the time of superannu
ation arrives, and rails made at one
foundery or in one manner are better
fitted to last and endure the blows front
the wheels than others, so that our rail
ways are in fact a patchwork of old and
new, strong and weak rails.
It is no excuse to say that the method
we suggest is difficult. Difficult it may
be, but the difficulty must be met for
the sake of the lives of our fellow-crea
tures. We must not allow a car full of
passengers to he thrown off the track
and the passengers dashed to a jelly be
cause of an unwillingness to encounter
and obviate what we choose to call a
difficulty.
But impossible.it is not. Mr. W. J.
McAlpine found it as easy as it is for a
counting-house clerk to keep his papers
in such order that he can lay his hands
at once on the one•for which he has oc
casion. Mr. McAlpine knew every rail
on the Ohio and Mississippi Railroad—
patchwork as the track was—as perfectly
as a shepherd knows every one of his
sheep. He knew to a day how long
each individual rail ought to remain in
its place. What he did others may do.
A curious illustration has been given
us of the effect of the constant beating
of a railway track by the, wheels of the
trains, A subterranean'Conduit brings
the water. of the Hempstead ponds to
Ilrooklp; In crossing the railway
VOLUME 65
track between Jamaica and Brooklyn,
it passes fifteen feet below the track.—
It is made of the best brick, laid in the
best cement of water-lime, and is two
feet in thickness from the outside to the
inner, channel,. in which the water
flows. It is examined from time to
time, and lately every part of it was
found perfectly sound, except directly
under the railway track, where, not
withstanding the distance from the
surface., it was found cracked through
and through.
The Metal Crop of the World
[From the Sei,ntilie Artizan.l
An examination of the crop ortnetals
produced iu the great harvest field of
our glohe, leads to sonic striking and
interesting facts. rntil the discovery
of the gold fields of Australia and Cali
lontia, the crop or precious metals
throughout the Ivorld maintained as
uniform a production as the ver.eal or
other crops, and even since these dis
coveries the rate or production, so sud
denly and enormously expanded, has
subsided into regularity. he amount
of glittering dust shipped yearly from
San Franeisco, Alelbourne, and Sidney
is now as accurately estimated as cotton,
wh e at, lohacco. or any of our great
staples.
Thv value of precious metals produced
per annum in the fruited States as coin
pared with Euroile, is estimated in
round 111.11111 , 121's in the L'iwyr-lopwrlia
thus.: United States, sixteen
millions pounds sterling; llrentßritain,
wenty millions ditto: the Russian
Empire, five millions; France, only
three millions: the Austrian Empire,
less than half l'rus9ia,a little
upward of four mil lions; };elgiuni,
nearly w“ ulilliot Spain, a 11611 . 11 M
and a half: Sweden and Norway,
Sax‘my, three hundred thole.
and,: the liartz rather near
Italy', eete.iderahly lc than
utilliun ; and
(sight
annual astir:l2 . e nf' I ro inn tai talc in
i, al
:\lexii•i) and f(ail tip itia)Llt nine
1111.1 (ll , ' n ., 1 iir
id' lesi;
!Ilan dire,
to the p.Tititil t(ital ()I'
oral) of )11'1.Ci,,LI, 1110:11,,
annually in liitirnia• and _11111.11,a, in
,xact
Mr. \Vhitney's table (.f the inetallie
)reiltiet (t the w.rbl fm- the year
Iresents intere,ting facts.
1;11,no1l -t 'V
"I , ilN or. ,(1f copper, she
p rm l tiv ,. / 1 t;Aio • 4,!1011 ((m:-: or zino,
soil ton, and .21111,1H111 tons of iron.
The dispr,p,rtii,n tier , ' between the
reeiott , and ti,ertil i, very
ink, a-, will he -con hy a cwitpari3On
with Great Britain. The gold nt Great
ilritain in I‘, - , t i,t—lintated at Inn !Annuls
troy ; silver at ;o nun imunds : tin at 7,-
non 4 q,per, 14,:on; zinc, I,non twis;
lead, 61,hnn ton-;irnu, :,,ono,non hql , . In
the ' , awe year the I . nited includ
ing .. , upp() , ed to have I.r(-
dii,•,•d vtn,nun pwinds tr,,y of gni(' ;
„r potinds
tvoiriltipiii- of mercury, it ;Peat Britain,
and Itussia prod:trim' none .it
- .010 ions of copper. Line, 13,111111
)I . le:id and a niillinli of lons of iron
Mexico take , : the paint in silver, the
product of Is• - el aneffinting to 1,750,n00
pounds troy. Chili ranks next, to 2.50,-
noo pounds; Ecuador ainl New (lranada
:iie put down it liau.oou pounds; Bolivia
the sane; a n ti so
on—Brazil closing the li-t with only To)
poutitk. Prits-itt twit the Hartz. District
yield the ,;11111', :511,0111) 1/0111111S 011111.-
4ax,11- g it e= tii),lll/1) 1101111,1 S ; p ranee
.5,000 poittuk fluty, Africa, the Fast
;--otit hern Asia and Cul,a do not
appear in the -ilver h-t.
In the gold eolunin WO Thrill the
States tal;ill,2; the 10:1,1 at the load of
2110,000; in.xt _Australia, 1:0,o0o:
I,efore stated, Indies and
:-Aoutliern 2.5,nna pounds
and NeN4" (,1%71111da 1:),(M)11 (10
10,0011 pound, G,Huo pounds;
Austria .570 u pound, , , and Africa 4,oun
pounds. Spain bring, only 12 pounds ;
the Hartz _District gives but ii pc, ands,
and poor Sweden a miserable 2 pounds.
Norway, Pelgium, Prussia, Saxony,
Switzerland, France, Italy' nl tailat
make nu return in the gold column.
Thereat vor,..:yitry for mercury hi Spain,
which pro Weed two and a half
millions of pound,. comes the
the globe. To her 7,000 Lou-, the East
Indies and Southern Asia kring :you
tons; ton,: Saxony li, t.tlis;
alai Spain In tn,. (treat
;ill (itlieriiitintrit ,
in the proitui tion of virloper, hull will
cifiltintio t() (I() facile pro
()I' Hi(' vast
inas , o , of 11111ivi• copp e r which uh!.ytn~l
ill the Lake Superior rep,iinit is vet
ed. Next after ;real _Britain eitnies
Chili. with I Itian ton, of ,opper ; itien
then Aii•-traii, and thieanica,
proilueit,g ton-; the suuu in the
[tilted toils; the
I .\-ia with
3,111111 ton,, , 4) oli, viosinit
the ii,t with! hare
tilt itrerLuul, Alexieo, unit it
:seems, protittee nu eopper at all—at
lea,t 11.411. is ,01(1()Nvii in \lr. - \\"liittiey's
tat ;Limo bets , Africa
only firm ton,.
From I\ll'. \Vhitney's4:tter, it appears
that (:real Britain takes the 1...40 nf the
1 - nited States, not only in silver, tin,
copper Qtni iron, but lead also. The
produet of metal in 1554, in (hreat
(iritain, is set doe; t. 41 tll,Ollll tons against
1.5,11 m tons in the rnite.d 1 -gates. We
had supposed that the lead mountains
of NI isswiri would have risen if
return. produces tWie, is
WIWI! lead :IS the rnited Mates, the
yield in kl'-15-1 being put down at :10,Hin
tons. Prussia produces 5,11011 tons, Aus
tria 7,n00 tons, the Harts district 5,01 in
tons •••' , :t.xony :yon inns, France - 1,•,0)1
tons, ,
Iscn.! . .itna 1,(0n t a us, Itiuly 500 tuns
and list m all Sweden 21/11 ton,
As regards the irun crop we have seen
I ;real Britain and the United Mates
heading the list, the f,,ritter with three
and the latter with one million of loll:.
France collo , 'next witit (1410, 1 11 1 0 tons;
then :too,ono tons ; Iturssia t;oo,-
11110 tolls ; 1:io,00n tons and so on,
!)ringilo.2; up thy rear with .i,OOO
tons. The .„rs:o.l totals (Ito motallio
produoo of tlo. fort stuunted
up by Al r. Whi:ney, urr ; Odd 47u,9:0
pounds troy; :!,s1 2,20 u pound,
troy ; .Nleretiry -1,2n0,000 potins avoirdu
pois; Tin tt,o,io tolls; Popper 58,8.50
tolls; Zino 00,35 u toils; Leto! 1:13,000
tons; and Iron -1,7:12,ti0n tons.
Solitude
More and greater sins are committed
when men are alone than when they
keep themselves in fellowship. When
Eve in Paradj,se walked alone, then
came the evil one and deceived her.—
Whoever is amongst Men and in honest
company, is ashamed to site, or, at least,
lie has no place or opportunity to do so.
When David was alone, and idle, and
went to wars, he fell into adultery- and
murder; and I have myself found that
I have never sinned more thou when I
was alone. solitariness inviteth to
melancholy, and a person alone has
often some heavy and evil thoughts, so
hath he strange thoughts, and con
strued everything in the worst sense.
Melancholy is an instrument of the
devil, by which lie accomplOed his
wicked purposes. The deeper a person
is plunged into that state, the more
Power the devil hail) over him. To
live in an open, public state is the
safest. Openly, and amongst other per
sons, a man must live civilly and hon
estly, must appear to fear God, and do
his duty towards men.—Luther.
Important Letter from the Portland
"Advertiser.
WASHINGTO, Nov_ 7.—There have
been a few changes in the situation in
the Shenandoah Valley since my last
letter, and the indications are that a
terrible storm is about to burst in that
region. Sheridan's fate army, greatly
reduced since the disaster of the 19th
ult., has been broken up into detach
ments,lnd these are scattered about in
places widely separated. One detach
ment is at Hagerstown, in Maryland,
just south, f the Pennsylvania line,and
this detachment is considered large
enough to, have three of Sheridan's best
generals- Another detachment is at a
certain point in Maryland Still further
west ; a third is near Martinsburg ; a
fourth is much nearer to Harper's Ferry
than to Winchester ; and a fifth de
tachment (probably acting as a corps of
observation, and no doubt composed
entirely Of cavalry) is said to be still
near Cedar ('reek.
A few weeks ago the Administration
caused the Manassas (lap Railroad, from
Manassas Junction to Front Royal, to be
reconstructed at great expense. Until
Sheridan's defeat, on the 19th ult., it
was intended to use that toad for the
transportation of supplies to (1w army ;
hut his army was so weakened by that
disaster that it has been deemed pru
dent not to keep it at any point south
of Winchester, and therefore the Ma
nassas Gap Railroad became entirely
useless. It has been 41Wilantled accord
ingly ; the rails taken up and brought
to this city, in order to prevent the re
bels from taken Ahem up, awl the cross
ties burned. This is so to an
abandonment for the winter, awl until
late neCt spring, of all the territory elit
of the Blue Itidgeand south of the Poto
num, except the little strip covered by
the immediate defenses of \Vashington.
The supplies tin' Sheridan's army are
again sem, at great expense, from Balti
more to the general depot at Harper's
Ferry; and Slieridall's army is now
doing nothing more, and will do no
thin(' Inure all winter titan mono:;' to
guard the line of the Potomac. 'flue
the lame and iilipotent conclusion of
the campaigns of 1,501 in the valley;
campaigns which, under Sigel, Iltinter
and Sheridan, have been condueted With
78,00 n men, of whom only .1.1,01511,".
survive. 1 lenc is the whole inuttor iu
brief:
(In the 4th of may Sigel had 16,00))
troops. He lost in that month ti,nou,
(;eft. Hunter added 1 2,11011 fresh troops
in dune, and took command abio of the
s,nuo that were left under Siegel. But
he left Sigel there with s,o))o troops at
Winchester, while 1w inade his cam
paign against Lynchburg with his ONViI
12,1101 uteri , who were all well trained
soldiers. He lost O,IH to (int is own troops,
and Sigel lost -10iou when he was driven
from 'Winchester hr Early. About the
I:1th of .1 uly Gen. Wright took into the
Valley the Oth and 19tH Corps, 15,0n0
strong, and added to them the o,ouo left
under Hunter and the 4,itou left under
Sigel. Among these was ('rook's Divis
ion. Gen. Wright only lost 3,000 men
in his brief campaign, when he Was su
perseded, on the stli of August, by (;en.
Sheridan.
( (en. Sheridan brought with him from
the James Jtiver 12,))uo cavalry, and
front Washingbm a division of infantry
4,ooostrong . . Another division of infan
try, of -OM men, was assigned b) him
from the tith Corps, and he also took
command of the 22 001) men.lust named
under Gen. Wright. 'lbis gave him
42,11110 111)11 to start with. He was rein
forced between the 741011 of August and
the Irdh of Oetober, by 15,000 new re
cruits, of whom 5,000 were sulistitules
11d personal representatives, 1)11)1 7,000
were drafted 111(.11.
Your readers will no doubt have 110-
[iced the official statement, made a few
days ago, by Mr. Whiting, Solicitor of
the War Department, to the effect that
sluice the 20th of last August, there havo
been 20,000 voluntary enlistments into
the army. Tl!is statement, 1 have as
certained, is true. Tibt the " voluntary
enlistments " include, and indeed are
composed, of substitutes and personal
representatives, put in by individuals
and towns in order to avoid a draft.—
And I have ascertained, also, that the
last draft itself has actually produced
between 1 20,11 ti and 130,000 Meth
Here then are 24)0,00n men, who have
been raised sluice the 20th of August.
What Leconte of them? 80,000, I
know, !tare been scut to (;en. Grant's
army; till of tbeun having reached him
before the 59th lilt; .7,111/11 of them, I
knew, 11111'e bee/11-42111
dall's army, the last iletaelmtera. ,
big been sent up last week. 11uf this
only makes 9.5,000 men. What has be
come of the other 140,000 men. ((en.
Sherman needs 50,n0, but
,T have not
heard of 4.;1:: having been sent to him.
Sheridmi, then, has had, in all,
57,000 men, whereWitiu to conduct his
campaigns. He 1()t, in his par.ituif of
Early to `liras( rg, Augu-t 11 to 15, 1,6 0 0
men ; partly in hi,Lflle,
,p artlV tlirough
ssfte
the exee heat and want or water.
He lost on his retreat from Strashurg to
Winchester, August 10 to 10, "inn men.
1-le lost in his defeat at Winehester,
August 1 ti, and in his immediate retreat
to !harlestown, 1,200 men. He lost in
the se“2rr.: battle ;it Bunker Dill, Aug.
:Nth, I,ono men; 410 ill his subsequent
retreat tO (liariestown, lost in
the battle of Berryville, September :141,
1,000 men; h, do' battle :it Bunker's
Hill, September 19th, 0,000 1111 , 11; and
in the battle at Fisher's Hill, Septem
ber 21st, three thousand men. After
the battle he had swan)) men left, in
cludiug 0,000 new recruits, who had
joined hint •Siftrg ,Sept. ISt ; and he sup
posed that Early's ono' entirely
used tip,
• A few days, however, undeceived
him. From the 22d to the :loth of Sep
tember, lie lost in sundry skirmishes,
2,000 men. From the Ist to the sth of
October, he lost 4,110)) men in various
attempt to tbreu' a passage through the
Blue Ridge, in order to get to Lynch
eurg. tierce was then re,luced to
24,110cinen, and with these he retreated
to t-amslair n ,, , 11)1111 the tith to the 11011
clOutolher, losiwg 15,000 men rl, rmde .
From that tiroo .
• how ev he began to
receive the last reinforcemeuti, men
tioned above. From the 11th to the
10th tilt., he lost in the skirmishes and
reconnoissaneesmentioned in my recent
letters) 2 , 0 " 9 men, He lost in the great
battles of the 19th ultimo, 7,241 men,
namely, in the Gth Corp, 22G); in the
19th Corps, ; and in Crook's lii
vi on, 1,827. And lie has lost in skirm
ishes and - reconnoissanees since then,
nearly 1,000 more. His entire losses
during the campaign have thus been
:15,5i.) men, and his present forces re
duced to 21 ,13li men,
1; uador
Mexico
Vl5 -- lu Madame ( '—'s school pails
of water stood about in convenient situ
ations with cocoanut dippers, for the
convenience of thirsty.pupils ; but dip
pers will not be'ar too rough handling,
and the mortality thereof had been ir
ritatingly great. Madame was upon her
knees on the platform, one morning,
devoutly :conducting the devotions of
her hundred pupils, when in the distance
was heard the crash - of the devoted ves
sel. There was a pause in the prayer,
and these words audibly interlude(' by
the oblivious speaker, " Good gracious !
if there isn't another of my cocoanut
dippers gone !" and the prayer went on.
Danger in Trifles
The road to home-happiness lies over
small stepping-stones. Slight circum
stances are the stumbling-blocks of
families. The prick of a.pin, says apro
-verb, is enough to make an empire
insipid. The more tender the feelings,
the more painful the wound. A cold,
unkind word checks and withers the
blossom of the dearest love, as the most
delicate rings of the vine are troubled
by, the faintest breeze. The misery of a
life is born of a chance observation. If
the true history of quarrels, public and
private, were honestly written, it would
be silenced with an uproar of derision.
LANCASTER, PA., WEDNESDAY MORNING, NOVEMBER 23, 1864.
THE CATHEDRAL OF SAINT PETER AND
Full Description of the Bnildhsg.
Prom the Philadelphia Age
The wayfarer who enters Philadelphia,
no matter fromwhat quarter, will see, long
before he reaches the city; towering in
solemn majesty far above every surround
ing object, a huge dome. Its brown sides
stand out in bold relief against the sky, and
the gilded cross surmounting it twinkles
and sparkles in the sanlight; Should the
day he lowering, the massive dome looms
up in the mist, and the flying scud which
sweeps across the heavens almost touches
the top, it rears itself so high. No matter
whence the traveler approaches, the dome
is there, the marked attraction amid the
great mass of buildings spread out so wide
ly. Whilst all else is confused and undis
tinguished, the dome of the Cathedral is
plain and distinct. For miles it is visible.
It is the prineipal object seen on every
avenue of approach to this great city.
In the year 1545, when the United. States
were engaged in a foreign war, and soldiers
of every Stale fought side by side, and North
and mouth alike gave their children to toil
together, m vindicate the honor of the whole
country ; *slten Taylor, a SOthern man,
had won the ( c attle of Monterey, and was
marching to the tiel4 of Buena Vista; and
Scott, a Virginian, gathering an. army
to capture Mexico; wilcNi JcClellan and
Bragg, and Sherman and 1...,04zWeet, and
Meade and Fitz John Porter, weft. 411. sub
alterns in the Union armies, and all i,n2-
vottod fir gallantry ; when Jefferson DlLViti
;;,d A brahltlll Lincoln sat in the Federal
Cong,yess, a peaceful religious oluty was per
fbrineel in Philadelphia. I Sunday, Sep
tember ntit,; , 4li, Bishop I<cm!ick, surround
ed by his ciertt - fr, and his hock, laid the cor
ner-stone of the ttotowt Catholic Cathedral
of Saint Peter and Saint t' 1. The build-
Ina thereon to he erected was for the
worship of C. The corner-stone wit.
in whet was then the outskirts of Philadel
phia. J,E.gcn• Square had been enclosed,
:oid the I •;itlicdral wits to overhoK itsstout 11-
ern silly lint very few buildings marred
the Imnal ,a„,;.;? , which then spread in an al
, float unbroken t,..:;..ge of green thilds, west
and northwest to the Ejghtecti
years ago, Broad street ltai western
limit of Philadelphia, Fairmount wus
out if lowa—Fradi 1111 Squaic Wi ts
fashionable place of residence, Plirisi
!'hunch and Saint Peters were 1111111*61,1110
111iV,•111.11,11es with spires, in town, turd the
old Stat... Must , Ilea the highest steeple.
People were tiva) modest in their protett
shins, :Ind lived in ilirea-utory bricks.
Brown stifle was
. just eanil4.MThi
coil white marble fronts lied s , :ettriely bred
heard
Inshop Ecurich and his elergy performed
I heir religious duties, and the eorner-stone
was laid ; anti Al/ 17:011 ember sth, 15-16, the
vast audience that MM eoi t e 4ti fgr oat of
town to stand reverentially ill !,og4p
Square. invoking toils Messing on then•
lal,ors, dispersed, few dreaming of what a
Treat work_ they had begun. Many have
cone theli' 14 1 4 re , 411a4 place. Bishop
kenrick was afterwards 4.44410441 to Pal
tiutdre, and has slime gone to his grave, the
Brimalp of the 'atholic Church in the ruiterl
States,. Another Bishop took charge of the
work, Init. Bishop Newman, full of y e ars
anal o f honor:, was gathered to his father.,
and a 116 rd Bishop assumed the mitre.
'Bishop Wood is n u t' the head of the Catholic
Church here, and under his superintendence
we find the great Cathedral completed, and
on Sunday next, Nov. 1804, it is to be
dedicated to the worship or Intl, B has
heel, eighteen years, two months end four
teen days in building•
The i'athettral or Saint Peter and Saint
Pant is the largest elitirelt in North Ameri
ca, north . of the !tity of Mexit'o. With the
exception of one tir two churches there, it iv
till' largest on tie Western Hemisphere. It
exceeds in size th: - :lontreal Cathedral. and
tl 111.11tIMI'lli .0111.-.IVI ,
kill 1:1` , 1 /L. : 1.'41 , 11nd tAI. ychirlt ij
1111;1 , L(.l, vol
lintary conU iLnt ions of the nienil.ers of the
poorest religions lietiondhation 'among us.
Day after (lay the pennies..lwee been gath
ered, and this is what they - have paid for.
For eightt.on. Fears, the po,q , }iooph nt t.lir
city ha.e 4i., co the:, unitit
this is their ortering to i T od. The,
has Let•n paid tor ns it WitS
stone ittiii, owl' nail driven, has bean thu
offering of a faithrul ittattht , t<rf thu
)%er one million of dollars, nioi—tenths of
it io gold and silv_•r I,lesi:od memory,
have been eontrtlatled for the ounstruatiCal
of the great cathedral, and new it hits no
debt, and can be dedicated to Uod, a free,
untrammeled offering.
The work has gone on slowly,. and with
out 4,,telthili.ll. But few men have been
empioy'...al, and nearly all began their labors
wheil Mulding, hogtip, eighteen years
ago. A l l l uartii* M . -.4 lif i ti/iie Mu. lspeni
in lalm)ring on one spot, and i l ioWiliat
r,/,•iipat ion is gone, they must feel very sail.
The , 4oCic has scarcely been beard Uf. Out ,
side of the ilatimiii.ebilretais it liL beop
Mil
dont mentioned, tlihough the
is the greatest edince ill Philadelphia rao
one, outside of the Church, has been asjisd
to coatribole. Almost impereeptibly it has
grown up in our midst, and we have scarce-
Iv noticed it. So slowly has one stone been
laid on another, that until a few days ago,
when the fia-theoming dedication was an
tttt of Philadelphia knew such a
cisl:!are, or in contempla
tion, but that was ( M 01:: pit..
gritnages to Logan Sottare are num4ons.
The cars are totaled, 'Phoustimis stand there
in the streew, Hui ring up at the edi tice, whose
sacred inysteries ire to he unvepell on SIM-
Ilay nest.
( 'athedral was designed and its run
str;ietion superintended b • v Napoleon Le
Itrun, Vs, ! . 'rho facade was drawn by Join
Notimin, Al.s t or (lark brown
stone. Ever s y thin„ about it id
Jingo cohnuns adorn ih,e mid dire sur
mounted by enormous capitals which . in
turn ~,.i)i;ort the stdid brown front of root:
The cornice is the largest of any building in
the I 'lined States, and projects 4rther
ward. Though inassive, everything is Oa
horately ornamented. Richness and gran-
deur are the objects sought and attained
by tit' arenitiiet in the construction of the
front on imgan Ihn people who
linger about gazing for hours al, the volunius
and their delicate nuting,•intest
The building is ono 'hundred and thirty-six
feet in fcotit rill i,ogint Stumm:, rand from the
ground to the apex of the pediment of the
front is one hundred and one feet fuel si.,;
inches. The ground plan of the Cathedral
is tilt oblo n g, one hundred and thirty-six
broad I•v t WO hundred and sixteen feet long.
The building js ilia red like a cross, The
nave or long pinto of the 00=12 is one h on
deed and ninety-two feet in length. The
transept Or slant piece Is one hundred and
twenty-eight feet in length; each is fifty
feet wide. West of the transept, the nave is
horder•ql on each side by heavy pillars ten
feet square, supporting a Vaulted ceiling,
NVill,ql spreads over the ground lloor, at a
night oft•ighty feet. ( tit the •fmside of each
row of pilla r ,: are 'aides, t wenty-tm Ii••••
wide end finty-two lite( high, covered in
with small kIOIIIC,. ecich litt•itig a circular
window ip Oa, top, With itsmidl Stained
glass cefttre,- 'f ,o nt•rtb aisle windows have
lane centres , those on the south aisle have
red centres, The lave is lighted from the
top by a row of large windows op each side
of the vaulted ceiling. Fast of the transept
on rash side of the sanctuary or chancel is a
chapel I wenty4wo fed wide thirty.nine
feet long, Keil of these is lighted by a sin
ght stained glass window at the top. Un
like most buildings in the century there are
no side windows, and all the light is intro
duced front above. This, taken in conj tine
t ion with the prevailing color, of the whole
interior, which is made to, resemble Parts
stone, heightens the architectural effect, and
imparts the solemn and religions tone at> :
proprlatc to such en edillee, Nor 15 the ef
fect mai•feti 'uy the staitical Tho few
stained glass windowsill the building throw
no light in any part but the chapels. The
clear white, natural daylight, in all its purity
lights up the nave and. tranFept, and pleases I
far more than any stained glass could.
The sanctuary, or chancel, is fifty feet
wide and linty-six feet deep. It is paved
with fine nthrtile, the stones being laid so as
to form a pleasing figure. It is railed in by
the most magnificent Marble railing ever
seen in Philadelphia. It • is low, broad,
plain and rich • polished to the highest sus
ceptibility of the stone ; without any orna
ment but its own loveliness. The altar,
when completed, will be a grand affair.
The steps only are now 14. Four steps
go up to the base of the altae They•are all
made of Pennsylvania mitiktle, excepting
that the elevations of two of them are en
cased with jet black marble from Killarney,
Ireland. This marble shines like a mirror,
the polish is so exquisite. A temporary
altar of wood is now erected on these steps.
At souse time it will replaced by the grand
altar. The sanctuary lump will hang about
fifteen feet above the base of thealtar. For
nearly one hundred feet a slender wire comes
down from the highest part of the roof, and
on it the lainp will be suspended.
But the great triumph of the Cathedral is
the dome. At the base it is seventy-one
feet in diameter. The walls are ten feet
thick, and inside it is fifty-one feet across.
From the ground to the top of the dome is
two hundred and ten 'feet, and' above the
dome stands a huge gilded cross. Being on
elevated ground, the Cathedralls by , far the
highest building in the 'city. It almost
makes one giddy to stand on the marble
• pavement and p.m up into the dome. One
hundred and H..tatz feet above where you
stand, it closes over you. The eye is lost
almost in the endless circles of Stone upon
SAINT PAUL
stone Which gradually close together far
aboVe. , Al the top, on the inside, is apaint
ing of.the Assumption of the Ble:u.ed Vir
gin into Heaven. It is a circular painti,
and is so far awaythatit looks almostsmstl
enough tor the hands to 'span it: Yet it is
twenty-seven feet broad, and almost eighty
six feet around the outer edge. Come
nearer and look at the four medallions
which represent the four Evangelists, and
are satin the foul corners of the base of the
dome: They seem small and delicate, and
scarcely life size. They are eighty feet
above you, and each one is nine feet in di
ameter, and almost thirty feet around.—
Look at the pen in St. Luke's hand. It
seems a few inches long. Were you dose
to it and could measure it, it would stretch
more than-three feet. Gaze up at the cor
nice above the medalliomi. It runs around
the base of the dome. It looks as if with
care a man could stand upon its top, but
four men in a row taut run around it. See
that little square door above the cornice,
through which it seems a child mightereep.
A tall man can stand erect within it. Yet,
far above the cornice, and the door, and the
medallions the dome rears itself. They are
scarcely half way up. Set the Continental
Hotel upon another building as high as it
is, and they will nestle cosily under that
dome. Place them in Logan Square and
they will be almost eighty feet short of
reaching to a level with the top of the gilded
cross.
So well proportioned are all things in the
Cathedral, that until one begins measuring,
he has scarcely an idea of its size. Every
thing, large and small, is so elaborately
ornanstaih..ti ; 14u appropriate, and—if dull
marble can bo giaid ut hn so--everything is
modest, that Iheeye is soot h.!, lint
few prominent points catch it, begin
measuring, and at once the grandriur of the
edifice is forced upon the Mind. Standing
at the gpand altar and looking west along
the nave, the solid pillars on each side
stretch out in long rows, and at the end is
organ
. gallery. It seems a small affair.
11414 b ill 114 as if it were thirty feet
wide, To h 0.10.0 II is Nffa IndldrOCl Rnd
ninety feet off, .but that would ~,,rcely de
•elve the eye IC, ptnolt . ' l ' wy very little
fellows—almost children hi size--are ar
ranging the gas fixtures. You know they
must Ito men, but scarcely can believe it.—
See, one or them strikes with his hummer.
44.0 H fall and it is raised again, before
Cite SOnJal 'l'h„t is flh, gt . 1,1•1 teal
Al , 4o . 4lhift fiavo It tak ,
sound Niane peTeeptilOo lin t e to basal.
But we mast hurry on with the'deseri],-
non. The broad pavement is of marble.
was laid Iry John Itaird , Es.l. It extends
a n 0 - er M e !.,..Tound floor and is laid on
byltd; ttrelif•s. The pavement cost
till elitmep4 around
the 01.4, h cal) k 'wen. .4. dort , tl llllfercul
plans of hrnamental liliug adorn the dom..
All are different, yet harmonions, :Ind all
are beautiful. Yet much of this beauty is
1(4.4 !wrath(' Olt' "11:4(1(t Po”
marble flooring. : . mericans,
must Cii hen we go ati..• where, and
pews must he put in the grCat charchek. In
Europe not a poy mars the effect of the
great cathedrals, (111 (atoll iddif of (lift nave
hei , u afP Phlt;e', 44. Tlluse have
the steps erupted, but nothing more,
the grand altar in Me sac( nary, mid the
two chapels hostile 11, when completed there
will he thirteen chapels in the building.
'rho artist who has adorned the Cathedral
is Constantino lirtnitidi, Esq. For more
than three years past he has been engaged
on the decorations or 11, walls, Tho -
tug or 'owsslimPti.o!!.llllho 0004 , alkll the
lll6dltlllottisol'tta: Pair Fvangelists wereeNe
voted in \Vashingtom or canvass, tout
brought to the Cathedral and fltstenvd in
thole plaees. Itralailll'a great trittalph has
been the fresco painting of the Crucifixion
In the eastern end of the nave, bphinil the
altar. It is large and magnitiCettt. Each
figure is eoniplete, and it strik Illy ~ ,„',1k4i11.,1'
chit the ae . o ;•;1,1
0101 1 144 m11 0 01(11 . 1eTirl'; ' Was painted
tai the'wet plaster, antl . li a genuine rresco.
.Xs rife drilsiprovres,l,ed, arter sketching out
ltis work, he would pick out a line square
inches of the dry plaster and rephiee it with
soft wet plaster. So lie did until gradually
the whole surfitce hadp.olll, d upon.
tke “ litt the
,p p.,4 'gave the le ho zt
rale sofluess which can l he attained in
that mac. each end or the transept is
:mother large pailltittg, 111 l eel
in OW Nvit N , Itirtu .'}ll s ;l,urlst, Ihi the
south en O d
is the A,doratiop of the \Vise lien
of ilia 111 ill,' :4 , 4 the Mares
the little out of the Manger, alai it
nestles in her arms, Far off in the ills
taitee eau be seen the shepherds guarding
their Ilocks, and the Star of liethlehein in
the heavens. In the latter painting the wise
men or the cost how low before the Babe,
and phiew :it his feet their gold and
.gifts of
precious shines and sacred ointment. These
gyre also grand works tmihrt,
1 1 `. ', 1 01 2 nave can lieseen
replts tnie4 the }Minna (I,oot,fi t . ttteed.
(lutist, the Son, is latiug crucified ; is suffer
ing, that sinful man may be saved, Far
alaovo the Cruclfikion is another fresco
,epreseming the Eternal Father,
in the midst ii ilizt angels, looking down
upon the Non, Inn above the Father is the
Holy tihost, represented loy the usual sym
bol of a dove. Here, we have the Father,
the Son, and the I tole ghost; the Trinity,
believed in by all Christian Churches,
Protestant or Catholic. At theThase of the
Cross kneel the weeping Virgin, and Mary
.)[agdalen, and the Apostles, and in the
thp spim o ,ttp villegatt
whiolt tile soldiers motkinglyt presented to
soften he asked fora drink,
Wit have still to record, however, one or
the finest 1 , xiiibitions of Bruinitli's skill.
I in each side of each of the three great paint
ings there seem to bet no niches Therein
thus twelve in all. They ,ce,t like niches,
but are not: and in ea c h seems to stand ;1
statue, but it does not. 'rile observer is :1.1-
most sure that before him stands a niche,
enQloosing 4 si4littn, Tip perspective is
wopdefl'pl,
ontteri'pl. Pit Itt itstrit surtace
midi has Wrought in e,c‘ute a Ik.on
derful exhibition of what an artist can do,
The twelve Apostles stain there
,gazing tit
you—ntore•life-like than statues could he—
lmet(' rounded and solid than one would
think a painting could lt. , Four guard
each great toaintina. They are merely
paintings in the walls. The robes, the up
lifted hands, the eyes, mid features are al
most fill, ljke. Hrumidl has Just finished
his work , he is a modest, 11110birliSiVe
In old dlothes, bedaubed with print, on a
huge scaffold of rough boards, dirty and
smeared, hit slowly did his patient task.--
11 asks no praise (if the world. Hellas not
had his name in the newspapers. He has
courted no fame, lie asks no pay for his
labors, I fumbly did he trace out the glo
rious figures on the wall, unknown to all
but a very few of our people, watched for a
moment by perhaps one or two who hap
pened to be wandering about the unfinish
ed Cathedral; lint nearly all the time alone
and solitary, Enthusiasm for his art and
the enjovnurnt of practicing it were his re
ward. He has gone now, The last touches
IIIIVI• I/1`..11 ISiN tli
'rho hodnd will I. ton tw r the po
tient labevor of ithi‘thit three 0." 1
though few ii. - now ;mil few will ever
see him again, he has left sotto thing winch
will live long after he is under the sod.
And all this in the dark days of our
countrv.—in the midst, of war and misery—
is for the praise of that Blessed trod who
taught peace and good will among men. In
IShi, in the midst of war, the Cathedral was
begun. Now, in the midst of war, it is
completed. It is a temple erected to Peace,
and those win e.-411 worship in it will have
the proud sat isfaiq ion of 'knowing that daily
their prayers go up to Heaven for Peace
•
Alay the great I Uthedral always be a renliw
for those who, sickened with thc: ,onstant
ofcry , har t 1041 to worship their
(10 d Ivithont having war anthems
stunA lit Ms tettiples, or war rhapsodies
preaelted by his servants. Our labor is
ended. Philadelphia is proud that now she
has the greatest church in Ameriok,
A IY:4 1 1 1 ke Yarioi
The cipittian Natbanale, of a recent
date, gives this dismal picture of the
present belligerent condition of the
world:
if there be a dead calm in polities, as
well as business, among us, it is not the
same in all parts of the little planet we
inhabit. Three-quarters of humanity,
in fnct, aMliving'in the barbarous state
of war.
There is war in Poland.
War in Algeria.
War in Tunis.
War in Mexico.
War in the United States,
War in Peru,
War in New Zealand.
War in China and Kachgar.
War in Japan.
•
War in Afghanistan.
War in twenty countries in Africa.
This is, unfortunately, enough to dis
courage the friends of universal peace,
and who can say they will not meet
with still greater disappointment next
year? Italy, Hungary, Poland, Den
mark, and the Slavonian population of
Turkey, are not, it must be confessed,
in the most pacific humor, and, to those
who study the general situation of our
• continent, 'it Is quite evident that the
-general situation; instead of getting bet
ter, goes on from day to day getting
more and more complicated.
1 arietles.
Why is an Irishman's joke like an
Irishman ? Because it is pat.
" My Lord," said the foreman of a
Welsh jury, when giving in their ver
dict, "we find the man that stole the
mare not guilty."
A country individual who was
caught in the water-wheel of a saw
mill says he intends to apply for a pen
sion, as he is a survivor of the revolu
tion.
‘` What o'clock is it?" "I don't
khow, but 'tis only a question of time."
Mr. and Mrs. Brewer, of Wayne
county, have twenty-two children.
This is, perhaps, the most extensive
brewery in the West.
"Soldiers must he fearfully dis
honest;" says Mrs. Partington, "as it
seems to he a nightly occurrence for a
soldier to he relieved of his watch."
—When does an eagle resemble ardog
When he's a terrier in the sky—or, if
you like it better when lie's a Skip: for-
--The e•unu that wears a silken coat
The iawouti.
—in Alabama rebel, when asked
whether they "conAerinted close" there,
said feelingly : " I should think they
(lid ! 'they take every man that hasn't
been (lead more than two days!"
--1 f you and your sweel l h.e,art vote
upon the marriage question, you for it
and slits against it, noti`t flatter youNelf
m It being a tic
EgtOvoyal --I hope, my flien(l, if
ever cone conte \ %Intlll five miles of my
house aLrain, pm will =nn thvve all
night.
6'olo (Ira tilt' girt na
ture: (hitt yin!: curl: if
- Oil Mrs. I,awsonwa,.. t attled as a
. as sharp anil wide
awake. At last the eNSsi-eXaining law-
Ycl . , S.* PAtieuvl.', 00'1:timed,
l..awsou, you id,.,;\ . e. Kass enough
ill vow' io wake a twelve quart
Fall." ". yes," reOnal, " 41.0 ytill'Ve
iiita-11 in your tread to 4‘Al
DEEM
.11(1 a girt to her
sin tiw, ktiVN hotne, I. ant
a widow't: fatly darling, no husband ran
equal my parent in kindness." "She
ioay be kind," replied the wooer, but
la , lily wife—we will all live t "" ( • / '\ er '
and see it' I don't befit kno.thor."
e"a"' , if,k nom v,aiktug along; New
ilk progress stopped
barivade of lumber, and asked what it
-want il.. "0, that's io .top the yellow
fi'VCIT Was the reply. " I have
often heard of tile hoardof lid! I
licycr saw mu,
witikilig with Iwo
he'll- 'stepped on a hogshead hoop Iliat
Ilrw up and aruok lii i in the
Mellen," Sllid VI/Il
,11•1,ppell 111:11 . .l"
V'lll 1;010 111Wl11 11/I'lll2l,lllll'lS
Iliac:linely-dressed
gctitletnito to a beggar boy who had
a,...ked 1 1 l alms, f.,r what I
thonLthi Yon loot wort of," Was the h o y , s,
-- If an elephant van travel eight
miles at hour, and carry his trunk,
how far could lie go if Ile hail a little
page to carry it for him ?
- A certain judge having been called
on at n public meeting, for a song, re
gretted that it was not in Wa power to
gratify the coMptt,tly. ,\ tl,g who Was
pre:e?t? \re%l, " was inneli stir
vrdnsal, as it was notorious
that numbers halt been transported by
Ids voice,"
" Mr. ;Smith," said the counsel,
" you say you once officiated in a pulpit
-do Vol mean that you preached ?"—who
did"—" Ah, the court understood you
ditferevtly. They supposed that the
di , eourse came from you." '' ;No, sir;
I only throwed a light qt . \
1141'‘' long tive, the first woman
lived, we know not. ft is a curious
fact that in sacred history, the age,
death, and burial, of only one woman
—Sarah, the wife of Abraham—is dis
tinctly noted. Woman's age ever since
;mpears not to have been a subject for
history or discussion.
The wags says thilt, ;--dgers
NI real from Mar . tiuslairg, he turned his
artillery on his ammunitiou train, and
sent word to the pursuing rebels that he
would blow the whole thing up it' they
didn't let him alone,
All4it'MENT6l. FEMINAM.—A
Scotch paper tells the story of a dairy
farmer, who, after the burial of his wife,
drove a hard bargain with the grave
digger, who, bringing his hand down on
the shovel, said : " Down NO' :wither
shilling or up she collies'''
Lt has come to he known that many
rebel prisoners take the oath of alle
giance, enlist for bounty, and the first
opportunity that oilers away they go to
their friends. They have had a niee
furlough, and return totlAkdr (mainlands
enriched and reerk . die.d.
- - to au Eng iron
\V!:, hu Ailt.4oll;:kOky to b:kvi
sentrd hicasell one day front his work,
was lately sentenced to a month's hn
prlsonment, with hard labor, a 4,41 pen
alty for his otrenre.
—At ingenious Parisian has invent
ed a boat in Which persons can bathe— ,
and ,move about at the saute Owe, A
sort of floating cradle, \\*it a tent roof
and sides, and a of hand propeller.
There aro said to be in the United
Stato tiny thousand heathens. Idol
gods are worshipped: in two heathen
temples in San Francisco. The Vtli
nese have large ceicutie* soMtered gil
over California, awl 441 c, work of their
olhAltffeki 3 O.lienl is an inviting one for
(11ristians of every seet.
According ti) a California paper
they have a queer currencey in Owens
ville—aeorns. Business men gok along
very well until the Indiana began to
lay up their stws, vii4e4 the currency
became (kerange4, and a panic. ensued !
gslyvAmvpt. is robbed on all
sides, but let us be thankful that the
currency is sal depreciated that only half
is stolen which is minus.
Dar" He is only a prig tor," was the
sneering reAnarb of w leader in the circle
aP aristocracy—of the codfish quality.
Well, who was the Earl of Stanhope?
He was only a printer. What is Prince
Frederick William, married to the
Princess Royal of England? He, too,
was only a printer. Who was William
Caxton, one of the fathers of literature?
He was only a printer. Who are Horace
Greely, George D. Prentice, Charles
Dickens, M. Thiers, Douglass Jerrold,
Bayard Taylor, George P. Morris, J.
Gales, C. Richardson, N. P. Willis, and
Senators Dix, Cameron and Niles?—
They, too, were all printerS. What
was Benjamin Franklin? A printer.
Every one cannot be a printu—braine
are necessary.
NUMBER 46,
A Speech from Gen. Butler.
General Butler having been treated to
a most sumptuold repast, at the Fifth
Avenue Hotel in New York city, pre
vious to his departure from his labors in
the late election there, took occasion to
make an afternoon dinner speech, in
which the rough spirit of this wolfish
individual appears to be almost tem
pered to the mildness of the nature .of
the lamb. He talks in a strain of gen
erous forbearance toward the South that
might remind one of Lessing's wolf on
its death bed. In reviewing the speech
of this man, who has made for himself
such an unenviable reputation, the
World says:
He is for allowing the South till the
eighth of January to repent ; but after
that, they are to be told they have sin
ned away their day of grace, and the
door of mercy will be shut against them
forever. He says, again and again, that
this offer of grace is to be made "for
the last time," thbugh made in the cer
tainty of disdainful rejection. It is to
be made as a justification of subsequent
vengeance; and, considering that it
will be spurned, it is to he regarded
merely as a tricky device to disarm cen
sure. " I think we are now strong
enough," said Butler, " to make that
offer, and then I take it that the most
squeamish of our frienTls will agree !
with us,
when they find that we have
exhausted every resource of statesman
ship
in the attempt to carry out :peace—
that it is tine then to make war, yea,
war from the hilt." After its rejection,
he would have no more money boun
ties given to our soldiers • he would be
stow on them generous bounties in the
southern land. "We will open new
land offices wherever our armies march,
distributing lauds among the soldiers,
to be theirs and their heirs forever."
That is to say, the key-note of the war
must thereafter be universal massacre
and extermination! his sleds The
following passage of General Butler's
speech Is tbe key-note of the whole:
hat'sh uleasure, hotly Will say;
but is it not quite as ;'oat ets that we should
'tax ourselves,:;ltd raise. LIR' neeessttries of
lilt, for the pktrposo of giving boutithN, and
support to, the soldiers 144hting these
Iron W 11,01,11 WV have thv , e 111/10s over sol
eninly (Idled to i.olnu and be Ow friends;
in Mit!, to eomke. in June; in .163, to come
in Stl,l4Ani . ye.r and in toriel , to rotor by the
silt 01 January, VA .% .Iml wlow the dock
strikes the lost knell of that pro•ting day, and
h iett alt hope of return for those who horoalot
)wide progress towoM that return skill be
lost forever, so longer (yin Ai* ides the'
lona of AMerielf. lh , ,'WeAt Indies
islands, ox some 1§ care Aut to
name, beer/ its , htmlll 11(4,1 .-nongh to
be cursed present's, slot 1 I be their
ilwelti:4),pbsee, The; 'weer here
_
'i'he southern people are to he driven
to some place w:n•nter out WOrSt• titan
Mexico and the \Vest India, Wands,
"some place that I care 1,1,t l,i name,"
as Cowper's pr tit n;;;d' - •: pro:teller cared
not to the same place "to ears
The sum of (-leneral Butler's
speech is that, there should he made to
the South a mock-magnanimous offer
which they are sure to reject: and this
is to he done as ait excuse for driving
them not. to Mexico hut to----! and
parceling out thud WAtt , t t1M00,14 our
Soldiers,
Taking Ele.ite.ral Butler's speech :: a
Ivhole, it is quite in keeping with his
well-establisheit (11 meter,
A Cultlou , c.\.:l: on Tut:
okoNs.--A. little boy in Brasted, while
at school, some two vials since, pill' a
piece of ginger up his nostrils. His
schoolmistress got it out, as she thought,
but the poor little fellow suffered for
some time afterwards with pains in his
nose. His mother, therefore, took him
to several surgeons, but they thought
polypus was forming in his nostrils, and
that was the rtq.i.:,on lie eould not breathe
out of one 4de. ,\t last a letter was got
from a kind lady admitting him into a
hospital in London, and lie was there
nearly two months, but then he was
turned out incurable.. The little fellow
has suffered very much ever since, and
seemed very poorly. At last he said to
his mother. " I have got something
coming down my nose," and, on look
ing, she found it was the piece of ginger
which hadig . or two years caused so much
pain and trouble. It was quite rotten.
The little fellow is how getting better,
rind can, of course, breathe freely
through both nostrils.
A Mind Musician of Rarelit3
A friend has informed us of a blind
man, a graduate of the Ohio Institute
for the Blind, who is a novelty in the
musieal world. His vocal powers are
such as to astonish every one who has
had an opportunity to listen to him.
He runs down on the bass notes lower
than any other man, and yet sings the
highest tenor with perfect tskse. He
plays the cornet with the finest skill
with one hand, Ld accompanies him
self with the other on a cabinet organ
or piano. He is a marvel, and will, we
hope, make his appearance in public.
RELIGION IN DAILY LlFE.—Religion
is not a perpetual moping over good
books. Religion is not e'en prayer;
praise, holy ordinances—these are ne
cessary to religion—no man can lie re
ligious without them. But religion is
mainly and chiefly the glorifying of God
among the duties and trials of the world.;
the guiding of course amid the adverse
winds and currentsof temptation, by the
starlight of duty, and the eompas.s of
divine truth ; the bearing us manfully,
wisely, courageously - , for the honor of
Christ, our great leader in the conflict of
life.
A CAUTIOUS Mit.N.—As a -pedestrian
tourist was lately proceeding toward
Trenton, he asked a man who was break -
ing stones by the roadside how long it
would take him to reach that place ?
The man looked at him without speak
ing, and then resumed his work. The
question was repeated with the same
result, and at last the traveller walked
on. He had hot proceeded more than a
hundred yards when the man called after
him, and made a sign for him tolreturn.
When the pedest dims reached the stone
broker, the latter said to hint "It will
take you an hour to reach Trenton."
"Then why did you not tell me So at
first?" said the traveller. " Why,"
replied the man, " it was necessary for
firkt to m.‘4. , at what rate you walked,
and, from the way you step out, I am
now able to say that you can (10 the dis
tance in an hour."
Ast•ut•Xt+El( DEAcox.—ln the
city ad-I there resides a worthy
deacon, blessed or cursed with a tall,
gaunt figure, also with hands of enor
mous dimensions. He was strictly
pious, never failing to ask a blessing not
only when his own family dined hut
also at the servants' meals. (in one oc
casionlie employed a male servant who
was entirely ignorant of the Deacon's
religious proptnsities. He made hislp
pearanak shortly before the dining hour,
and as soon as the bell sounded the ser
vant started for the table, and without
ceremony commenced devouring the
good things. The deacon was horrified,
and extended his hands, saying, ' Pause,
young man—pause!' The young man
addressed raised his eyes signifiCantly
to the Deacon's upraised hands, and re
plied, " Yes, and pretty good-sized paws,
I should say !"
Vir A. boy, 13 years old,-died in Chi
chester, N. H., recently, who weighed
385 pounds. It took 115!, feet of boards
to make his'coffin. It was so large that
it could not be taken into the house.
The corpse - Waa bound upon timbers
and' carried to the coffin outside of, the
house.
M!!!!!!!
E 'IItATEKOKADIMITCM:
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P ATE:" 31 EDIae 1 ni3 and ether - tidTer's brlthe
One column, 1 year,____—::--42: 1 0"
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Other "Notices," ten lines, or less,
three times
The School House.
Teachers and parentsthould make It
a duty' to see that the circumstances
under which children study are such as
shall leave a happy impression upon
their 'minds. - Young scholars will
gradually and unconsciously become
like what they most look upon. Little
children are wonderfully susceptible for
good or evil.
Shabby school houses induce slovenly
habits. Unswept floors indicate cob
webby brains. 111-made benches not
only warp and dwarf the body but, by
reflux influence, the mind as well. Why
are children so often discouraged and
even disgusted at school ? Because the
school house seems a prison, and the
furniture as instruments of torture.
No matter how old or unfashionable
your school house—keep it clean. Hide
its sombre walls with pictures, embower
its went her-beaten exterior with flowers
vines, and decorate its yard with shrub
bery. Then the birds will come singing
welcomes to your chirdren. Then the
young immortals that entor itsAoor will
Le won 113- love 11(1 beauty. They will
enehnined zei if by sweet magic, and
their - Alin& will be awakened to learn
ing and virtuous instruction, with
links of gold brightening and strength
eningfor ever and ever.
Talented Youth.
A good ancedQte. is told of a house
painter's son, who used the brush dex
tenni:4y, but had aequired the habit of
" putting it on too thick." One day his
father, after having frequently scolded
him for his lavish daubing, and all to
no purpose, gave him a severe flagella
tion.
"'Chore, you young rascal," said het,
after performingthe painfulduty, "how
do you like kat ?"
" Well, I don't know, dad," whined
the !my, in reply, " but it seems to me
dun you out it on a thunderin' sight
thicker than 1 did!"
A SnAu'r RETouT.—The La Crosse
Dcmovent is responsible for the follow
ing good thing : At one of the hotels in
our eity, the landlord said to a boarder:
" See here, Mr. , the chamber
maid found a hair-pin in your bed this
morning, and it will not answer."
" Well," replied the hoarder, " I found
a !lair in the butter this morning, but it
(lid not prove you had a woman in it.''
The two men looked at each other for
Tout ten seconds, when each smiled
and went his way, no doubt pondering
on the peculiarities of circumstantial
evidence.
I . .4',,..Oliserving a few days since, a
rough-loi.,king customer in the custody
of a ladiceman, and followed by a large
eo nwoo rse of the martille, I inquired of
one ,a rho ,•rawd, a verdant-looking son
of Erin, what offence the culprit had,
been guilty or. "Sure, an' he attimpt
ed to conimit suieide, he did," was the.
reply. " ieide! " 1 ejaculated in sur
!wise. ' By what means pray?" "By
Latin' his poor old father over the head
wid a club till he lay for dead, the born
divil!" rejoined my informant. It was
some minutes ere I ceased to contem
plate the depravity of mankind in gen
eral and suicides in particular..
ft.t— Here is a specimen of breaking
the news gently :
During the summer of 1849, a Mr.
James 'Wilson, of \Vest Jersey, died of
the elmlera while some fifty miles from
home.
.1 011 n Rodgers was employed to con
vey the dead body in a wagon to his
friends at home. By inquiry he learned
the precise house of the deceased: On
driving to the door he called to a respect
able looking) lady, who was in fact the
newly made widow, and asked:
" Does Mr. Wilson live here?"
" Yes," was the reply, "but he's not
at home to-day."
" I know he's not tit home now, but
he soon will be, for I've got him here
dead in the wagon."
TREES MOST AFFECTED BY LIGHT-
N NO.—Fig trees and cedars are rarely
struck by lightning ; the beech, larch,
fir and Chesnut are obnoxious to it; but
the trees which attract it most are•the
oak, yew, and Lombardy poplar.—
Whence it follows that the last are the
trees must proper to be placed near a
building, since they will act like so
many lightning conductors to it. Again,
the electric fluid attacks in preference
such trees as are verging to decay by
reason of age or disease.
Compliment to Archbishop McCloskey.
A very elegant entertainment was
given to Archbishop MeCloskey,of New
York, on 'Monday evening last, at Del
monieds, by Charles O'Conner, Esq.
The company numbered about a hun
dred persons, all Catholics, and embrac
ing some of the most distinguished
citizens. Judge Daly represented
the Bench, James T. Brady the Bar,
James Gordon Bennett the Press, and
Dr. Bedford the medical profession,
while there were also present several of
the clergy and a large, number of the
representatives of foreign countries.
The Archbishop responded to a compli
mentary toast in brief and appropriate
terms—recognizing the great responsi
bility of the office he had,been called to
till, and the influence exerted upon the
w I mole country by the moral and religious
tone of the City of New York. The
occasion was one of marked interest.
]care New York was wild with peace
rvinors yesterday, and gold got a very
" blaek eye" in consequence. All kinds
of improbable • stories were in curcula
don ; but all that is really known Is,
that the - Washington cabinet are willing
to grant some such amnesty as General
Butler sketched in his Fifth Avenue
Hotel speech. Tlle,Washington CIWO2e•
i ( . 1C of yesterday gives unmistakable in
dications of the willingness of the ad
ministration to make terms with the
South on the basis of the Union and the
extermination of slavery. It takes two,
however, to make a bargain, and while
we hope, if a tender of peace.is honestly
made, that it will be frankly accepted,
we very much fear that the rebels are in
no mood to listen to overtures from a
Lincoln administration.—World.
vc-y-f- The following vaticination now
awaits fulfilment. Mr. Seward in his
Auburn speech said to his hearers:
" You have already abundant evi
dences of the exhaustion of the Rebels,
but not yet evidence of their conscious
ness of that exhaustion. , Those evi
dences will appear immediately on the
announcement of the re-election of Ab
raham Lincoln." ,
• .Wri - A• fellow contemplated in utter
wonderment the magnitudinous dimen
sions of a bystander's feet, and in atone
of astonishment, as he surveyed the
man's proportions, said, "You'd . have
been a tall man if they hadn't tent you,
so far up."
IlEirA mason in Limerick Ireland,
lately hammering a stone, chipped out
what he supposed to be a lump of glass.
It proved to be a diamond worth five
thousand dollars.
Spend not the morning, - the quint
essence of the day, in recreations • sleep.
itself Is a recreation, - add not, th‘efore ,
Bailee to sauce. -" - --