Sht gaunter Matalligtortr,
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Fortho latenlUencer
The Union League
ni srloitTrEt.r.olv.
'Tls a task that I have dreaded;
- Its a task both and sickltlng;
'Th. a task perfortned In sorroW,
Wlllll 1 0111comitelled to write of
Fallen, and degraded nature,
cif degraded litinian nature.
Yc.•l., in This once happy country,
Inn :hi ;Ige of light unit
In Illi, 1111111 , 1 of republic,.
%Viler, the eh went , . ot
3fade of 4-1410,111,, fraternal,
1)11,1. 1,0 I ,a , ell on law and order;
And a written rcatstitritit)n;
Where the eleinents of power,
Are in union people ,•
Wm-re the laws and t'en'd! ut
Mod the ret•pil• 111111 t hair
aunt
V 4,11 :II.: i'l.itting it. 0.. ,truct ion
LI our hell-horn ,ecret
With :ill factions you are kualed,
With hinttl les you are yt•lpltiv..
1,111 alt s 1,Uit,t,,1 to cle,truct lon,
I:v .11 , hont•st
In :/ 11,1, and wicked conte , t
Night nig with the lasts .rc note re.
You have sympathy 1,, color;
Ycai e1e511.1.4. the negro;
- I;.ai,e hint In the loyal ...I:natant,
the ...tanclard of a leaguer:
lint the lack of brain., in either,
Mal:. it ;Jilt It mooted
Whether or the I,eaguer
Has heen raised hy
I 'mon, sr hen d
lacuttic , , an.l
1 11 1 1 1 c keeping Of
1 . 11,1,.•11
th.
till 114,1
1:0,1 tea 1 / 1 11, 1 11.1 ~ ,11,•11 :1 1 . 11100,
“1141
our made:m.l lett us,
tihull e‘ist, ern-. on! Ili, V.111ki•1•,
1 I.‘ poorit le leader,
11 ilh a /ad), highlt
companion of hi, 1,,,,J111.
•I'lllu con Ile 1 111 , 11111 ,, ,
1111, •11,..1i14,1 1.1,0 1
S,lll out by the pr nice of
\Vho is,lcled in xlll-(ball tearlinig,
A , the lather 0i:il Hulls;
inn, 11 , 11.11 ill .lintallml,
mitat 11,11 eii Master;
'ie., long th• among the peopl.
'lcull.lll 11..1 1, .1, la, .n 11,0 g 111.11.11 ,,
1/.112, 11,!.:1,111:1.1 1111'4111';
1. \ 11,
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I trl l'la, pn•aell the go,pel;
•I, o,•1 in of ,iyen.
11111111•11";
,1111 less 1,1%1.111, 111.111:1
11141 1,10/1 . 1 lhal :11l 1 1111,,,,
WlLt, l• in lair Al,l
I'llll 1,1;11.11 , 11 limes Iry Iri 1,l Itell;
/111 1.1 “1111 1,. ,ichl liar.;
11:1,,1•:.i,111 1,1 llt , 1.1 I 1.,,0n.
ill! 1:1 r.
And pollll 4)1)1 roar hellioll mad,
\'‘'.lh 1:.1,• i-i 111 tor I 'non,
1. ,anal, ni et than' of
ll',alllll e.
and n -.
egro,
In \ it • .ere!
1 11 ,01.11' 111 dells of 1:111:11.... , -;
•1111.1, , 11IIe1 1..•,1 1:1.1141,
It Il Into tell 11.1Nauss.
Wll,ll if ut liel \VIs, ellat.ll
lu till ,V 1,1,111 •11.1111.• 1 .• 1 11.
is /11ort...M.\110111111 ..,. 11 .•
Mt.,' Union in 0pp1e , ...10n?
('All a .Imior he ,1111,
111 rellgion. , PPe e,
L a" 1 1 1 . 1,1;1111•,1! 1. , . I, v 11 , 1,111,1111111 .
tilt tea. 'ling, ot the 11. ,ii!
11 ill the 11,1 xllll x,:1.111111:;,
Eser ‘..10n Ihi 11111 ill, I IISt 1 , 1.1111111,r.
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h•pine,
Twight 111 IV:t,1111,1,,, 1111.1.111, 1,
1 11 1,,111l it ilI :11•1,11Igena 111,
~11 111 1. ...M. 11,,
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it ~.111.1 111 111, 11:1 \ 1 '11. 1 5 , 11
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All.l t lit I,aolli n,s of our ~.11 11.11
.\llll rl nun lin ell till tile si 1,41 011
Ali the ca le-,
T., the I...eling of ell cle,
1.
To a I. 'a .11.1 -halroll ,11111,1
To:1 halal 11l I,IVIII,
all.l ; a Chalging ell
1111
1.11, , :11111
1 111111 , 1. 11111.4. , :i1111 would 111 1'111 . 1 , 1 1.1.
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I\ 11,1 \sill you h.,. 111 1,, rally,
1:11P‘ ruuull the arr 111:
our 110(.1•1.., ,11V1 our
e our flag and Com.i.tilt ion
:-:le.•lnn Poll,, .111 e it ligion.
sill thl m oin .1111111,10.... n
.4.ll6'rcllancomi.
Address of the State Central l'onunittee
Ihr• o lovylr,o,err
presiaileal duly, tei
1:11 )1 itilled inipcht tes to addrc-,
you in regard to the involved
in the several clectioit, nii \vat hand. In
ili•icharging this duly,
111:11 II and candidly 0c hut we knoll - to
Lr the truth.
In lhis, the fairest, richest, and 1111,11
lately) the most favored Land of all the
earth; here, \vltt•re the last foot-prints
iii civilization have been I)l:tilted ; in
this land ;done of all the Christian
nations of the world—the fill spirit of
war is now raging. Our proud and it ti
exampletl career of' prosperity zisa nation
has been thus rudely checked; our in
dustry, that is not devoted to the pur
poses of a destructive war, has become
paralyzed; our financhil concerns have
been thrown into utter confusion and
del,asenten.t we have henceforth—pro
hahly forever—ti, stagger under a load
iii tleht greater, zind antler taxation
more onerous, than that of any other
nation on tile glut e; confidence iii the
ot . (air institutions is every
witeresadlydintinished--iii
forebodings as to the future, alarm, ein
harrassnnAft, distress have taken
the place of the happy peace, confi
dence, security, good order, and eon
tontinent lie so lately enjoyed.
Nor Can hope find a resting lil,tee in
contemplating the yirX who 11,111 con
trol the I Mverninent anti zAininister
its laws; and it turns siel:ened and
stills a \vay front the audacity, arro
gance and tyranny it finds in 111:4-11
places, even ill the very eitadal of the
tuition. Sciolists in government ; athe
ists in religion; upon Nviloarefree iovers
in one sphere, and free thieves in an
other; renvgutlus in politics , :11111 scot . -
fers at every well-settled l u riuciph e of
public right and private virtue, now
s‘\ - ay the destinies of this Itepublie,and
are crushing; out the very of Ameri
can freedom.
For three lng, fearful years have the
hest blood and sternest tillorts or our
people been f,reely given in a civil war
which has no parallel in the history of
the world. AN - hen this war commenced,
the Democratic gaily in the North, as
such, was prostrate under recent defeat,
which resulted Ilion) its own tinfortiol
ate division. Ent what a 2.•1'.11141 .kn.l
inspiring . spectacle was present,' on
hearing the lirst thunder of relteHious
arms ! Political and partisan feelings,
even in that hour of party humiliation,
were all had upon the altar of the coun
try, and the sun of Heaven nevershone
upon a people more united, resolute,and
determined than those of the Northern
States at the period we refer to.
Whatever might have been the views
of the Northern Democracy in regard
to the causes which ultimately engen
dered this unhappy strife; however
much in their inmost souls they de
plored the mad and reckless career of
Abolitionism ; however d6'ep was their
detestation of the course of those party
leaders, who had been for years sweep
ing up all the low, lurking elements of
bigotry and fanaticism, and directing
their vilest efforts against the rights,
interests and institutions of the South
ern people—still, the attempt of a por
tion of that people in consequence, to
breaß down the authority of the Con
stitution over the whole country, and
destroy the Federal compact, was II
Cri mina' art which could not lie tolerat,d
or justified. The amplest remedies for
the wrongs complained of were not only
Avit but at hand. Two millions
ui tad just recorded their hal lots
in a general popular election against
A ttrahant Lincoln and the ()NE million
who supported him and Ins policy.
There was besides, a Democratic ma
jority in one, if not both branches of
t'ongTess, which Would render him
powerless to inflict any permanent evil
on the country.
The right of secession, claimed by the
South as the remedy fur their grievtmees
is a political heresy, condemned by
Madison with his last breath, and by
many others of our ablest statesmen in
all sections of the Union. 'all the Con
stitution a compact, if you Will—as does
.letn.•rsou in the Kentucky resolutions of
'es--hut it is a compact of sovereign
States, made with each other as such,
having no right of secession " nominat
ed or constituted in the bond." The
Union thus formed was in its nature, if
not in terms, perpetual. Secession, then
in view of the compact, is simple Rcro/-
ion ; and thebreakiug up of the Union
our fathers had bequeathed us, was, un
der all the ei reumstanees we have detail
ed,and the thousand other considerations
. - 4, -. l'-t* . t'''''..;, - • - •' - '.''.': . :ittttitCit,,e't
VOLUME 65.
and consequences which must crowd
every intelligent and patriotic mind, not
only treason at law, but against the best
hopes of mankind. We could not then
—.wi/of now—and NEVER WELL consent
to it.
In this spirit of determined loyalty to
the Constitution and the Laws, the
Democracy of the NOrth, wiTh scarcely
an exception, relying upon the pledges
given ity President Lincoln, yielding
hint their ready and efficient support.
W hat were some of those pledges ? First
in his oath of office : I will support
the ( ' , institution of the Irnited States, so
help the God." Then in his Inaugural
Address, and with this solemn adjura
,, Lion fresh upon his lips, he said :
"I do I,ut quote n . 01110111.1 or my speeches
when I d4,lnrt , that '• .
hove w; p ur po se ,
rert(g or i>ndi rerl y, to inter/coo: with the in
.vNlnlL,n of rero in. Motes, where it
BELIEVE I Ilk VE .7+o lAW
-1.1.1. RD Hil"r() 1)1 ) S() AND HAVE N()
INC!, t NATI( )N , r() Un:-;()." Those W - 1111
110111111:1101 1 . 11,(11 lll , did s, with full
knot, I, , ,kte Mai I made this and similar
”,vo never recanted
theta. J 'tow re , ilerutt ,
and in doing so, I only press upon the
ptllst:ittentiou the !tole! ..coi , hisiv, evi
dent-, of which lit, rant is su: l optil h , that
Olt' roprrt 51,111113' 11 . 71,1 SOC
t ill :fly Witit•einlangerml ht the
now .sMninistration. I :idd too,
that all the protection tahich, consistently
with the ( aisiitirt ion and the laws, eau Iv
:zit en, will I, cheerfully given to the
suites, when lawfully demanded, for what
ever cause as elus , rfully I t one seetion ns
ltt aiuMier-
These repeated public pledges brought
voluntarily to the standard riti),e(l in
hundreds of thous
utnls as brave 111011 us ever I/reit:A(2d :il.
thus raised were
i),(•ipibiled on the South, with varied
Vii•liiry and defeat ; and war,
th),) bloody of
all strife..)-11», ever rag.t)(l
()vol. some of the fairest portion'. ti Ih:n
111111illip\ n lion.
Litt the long cherish-41 schemes of fa
n»ticisin for the extinetion of _African
si•ryitude could. no: be given up. No
matterif Alsissaeliuset ts, sixty orseventy
years sine() (I if" sell slaves to the people
of the Southern Slates, uniter the guar
untee< of a Constitution whieh she
helped to forin--)dill, Massaehusetts
Loth iu l'ongress and out or
it, note it, , t,rininyd, since they could
not " cult." they would ri t((( "the seal
front oil' the the bond. - 'File gallant
" throe thoub-and clergymen ()I' :' , (I,'NY
England "-- worthy disciples of the
Prince of Peace: --rallied to
It man, ill
the new 1111-'ll.lll Or fanaticism, and
v. - riAight, side by side, with infidels,
echo have for years been in the daily
habit, of sneering: at the Christian's
faith, ridieuling the Christian's hilt
and blaspheming the Christian's
The ilqtrs oar tinihi awl facile l're
sidetit were Ivarked upon, as well as his
v a nit L • or iv-eh,tion,
oNti.,Tho r;0[h.,,1 mouther, of his
:tod iho ,oiamipatioo
woro ron•od upon him,
:111(1 iondo Or his pality in the
catiduct 111 the \Var. I.lvery ellla•tof the
friends of peat, put rarth in
Nva.- 114:C4s:tied. Th, hostility of the Aim
-I,zale- ta th,,tiatith
eiaplay th, Nl,llll, th, lamented
.. 't1 *() !1!2: , r Ihnli their
thl . ('‘ , llSiitlltillll." They
hl`lit'Vl•li111111 a di , i'llptil/1I
tvatlht liravl after it, Its an incvitahle
can , :tiatl,,, civil tvnr, servilv
and thratigh these, an
titt,r extiattian slavery in all the
•Sautherti ;-ltates; awl, it Nvaultl scent,
they attea i.vell this terrihle
at the re,ord: Int the I , th tlay
of I)ecentber, Isun, Senator l'rittendt.m,
of Kentucl:y, till boson! friend of Henry
'l:l,v in his life-tinte, iiitreßhicell into the
Semite of the rnited States :1 scrit , of
resolutions, as a h;isis of settlement be
tween the two section- of tin , [Mon.
secession of South Carolina took
place of the smile mouth,
tind her members of l'ongress retired
from their places. NVe are 111115 particu
lar in reference to this subject, because
our opponctts, through their Central
Committee in this State, have intro
duced it jilt„ lan• address to you : and
there is It specious c!Fort made in that
address to turn aside front the 1 11•1)10.-
licans, the just obloTty and reproach
which the det'ent
has fastened upon
th,•ir party.
The ollered,•I1 i I 1 . 1 11 1 isk . iii
torus, base 1 I , uuue thantluee-
Courths
i ii i lilt! ' territorial domain
against -laver\ - forever --placing about
it).onti iiiilts tintlerthe provisions of the
(fttlinalice of 17 , 7, ntorerecently known
\Villoot Pro \ - i , o"—leaving the
remaining :' , oiyountile- , stibject to what
ever law , those \\du, settled upon it
might establish for themselves, when
ever they became a State. .All the
other features of the proposed compro
mise were nothing but re-allirmances
or tht plainest p\y, , r, an d provisions
of the Constitution, save, possibly, the
fair and eqiitithic stipulation that -lavery
should not be abolished in the District
of Cohinibia, as long as it existed in
Imyland and the two States
\\Mich had ceded that District to the
enerzil (;ovcrunient.
tun the Irith .1 . .1;1111111ry. Isid, Senator
l'hu.ke, a leatliin , It.eptildicati, moved to
amend the Crittenden prot,Osition by
out all Die material provisions
-certainly all that contained the olive
brands of pence, and inserting - a single
resolution hrelithing war and threats
tow ard tire
Ara- carried by :t vote of L'..; in G \ - or, all
IZepublicans, against Democratic votes.
says the address oC the Iteimblican
Committee "-ix Southern Senators re
fused t" vole at all on the proposed
amendment ;" and then, with a degree
of cool assurance iviliarl:able even in
these tiales, it goes on to tell the people
of Itennsylv:tnia " that had these six
Southern members voted against the
ainentlimmt, it \vould hut's been
defeated, and the Crittenden Compro
mise might have been taken tip and
carried by the -ante majority." I 4-neral
Canit•r,m, \vt i o put s forth this zuldress,
(11 11l- oven share
:hi- would not
k e pt ou, of view the fact that lie him
cult' voted hi., very (lark :tmend
im•iit, and the :.-aule day moved a recon
sideration: and, then, when this ques
tion was railed 01) only three days after
wards, hr total ei:prins/ his on.o mot'ion
r. it was Carried, however,
with I lie aid of :it least Oro lolinsoit
and Hidell , of the "six" named :aid
the ('oniproinise was again lit ."butt quo
heron , the Senate. It was linally taken
up on the huh of . ..\lzirch, and defeated--
many of the Southern Senators lutving .
withdra \vti front the Semite in the in-
thuir 11;1\ - ing trout
tlu I•tii(t.
Now. I ;eneral tMnerou, who issued
the :sidivss, ktao s jant as well as did
Senator Cameron, who sustained the
Clark amendment, that it required a
two-thirds vote to give vitality to the
Crittenden Comprontise. Ile knows,
too, that every Republican vote, includ-
Mo_ his own. iu the Senate, was given
against the Illeastl re, in elk.Ct, fl , lll tirst
to last. lie knows further that the Re
publican Senators refused Senator Big
ler's proposal to submit this question to
a vote of the people as instructive to
Congress. lie knows also that Mr.
Clemens, of Virginia, on the 17th of
Fel n'y', before that State adopted se
ce.ssion, endeavored, in the House of
Representatives al Washington, to ob
tain a similar arrangement in that body
M test the question of compromise be
fore the people, and it was voted down
by 112 Republicans against SO Demo
crats—every Republican in the 1-louse
voting in the negative. They would
not—they did not thwc to trust the peo
ple, the legitimate source of power, On
this question!
At the hazard of furnishing unneces
sary proof on this point, we beg atten
tion to the clear and explicit evidence
of Senator Pugh, a cotemenporary of
the author of the Address, in the Senate
of the United States. In the course of
his speech in the Senate, in March,
1861 he says :
The Crittenden proposition has been en
dorsed by the almost . nnanimous vote of the
Legislature of Kentucky. It has been en
donsol by the noble 04,0 Commonwealth of
Virginia. It has been petitioned for by a
large number of the electors of the United
States than any proposition that was ever
before Congress. r believe in my heart to
day that it would carry an overwhelming
majority of the people of my State, ave, sir
of nearly every State in the Union. before
the Senators from the State •of Mississippi
left this chamber, I heard one of them, who
assumes at least to be President of the
Southern Confederacy, propose to accept it,
and maintain the Union, if that proposition
could receive the vote it ought to receive
from the other side of the chamber. There
fore, all of your propositions, all of your
amendments, knowing as I do, and know
that the historian will write it down—at any
time before the first of .Tan nary, a two-thirds
vote for the Crittenden resolutions in this
chamber would have saved every State in
Union except South Carolina, (;eorgia WWI Id
be here by her representatives, and Lonisana
—those two great States—which at least
would have broken the whole column of se
cession.—(llobe, page 1300.
Upon the same point, on the same
day, the clarion voice of the patriot
Douglas bore testimony as follows :
The Senator (Mr Pugh) has said that if
the rrittendeu proposition could have been
passed early in the session, it would have
saved all the States except South I 'arolina.
I firmly believe it would. While the Crit
tenden proposition was not in accordance
with my cherished views, I avowed my
readini•ss and eagerness to aeeept it in order
to save the titian, if we could unite upon
it. I can Conti ran the Senator's declaration
that Senator Davis himself, when on the
commini, of Thirteen, lAN ready at alt
times to e, nproutiso on the 'rittenden pro
position. I will go further, and say that
Mr. Too IO was (i/Obe', page 1391.
How preposterous at this day, then,
this attempt of one of the leading actors
in that eventful drama thus to stifle
conscience, and to seek to rescue Ids co
conspirators trout the recorded verdict
of history, and the deserved and inevi
table condemnation of a betrayed peo
ple! The controlling spirits of the
publican party !lever Meant peaee—
never sought peace front first to last,
at any time or in any Mrm, save upon
the one drear and devilish condition of
turning loose upon our land three and
a half millions of black semi-lainl,arians
under the specious pretense of freedom,
while in reality, it was only to tear so
many of these poor creatures away from
their homes of comparative happiness
and peace, to find starvation, misery
and death in an inhospitable clime!
President Lincoln has but recently
declared, in very definite terms, he will
listen to no proposition of peace wide];
does not include this African millen
nium, notwithstanding those plain con
stitutional prohibitions of all right on
the part of the General Government
thus to intervene, which he himself,
with the oath of office fresh upon his
lips, declared he "/ e rr/ flu tym , rill/,l and
no int, idio," to di,rypr •rt.
we were to credit the ravings (df
the elder advise, of the Presiilent, or, at
least, those who Seen! to illihteliCe 111111
must I . lllly —SEIM IteeCher alit! Phil
l'OaSoll ha: , I WOO !!akin
urL rapid progress in these latter days,
that the haven of litildan perfection JUIN(
Ire near at hand. Itut alas! when We
till hopefully li,r the UeSSed.
which is to bear US onward in its course,
we hear nothing but he• loud breath
of the tempest; see nothing all around
us but the angry and troubled sea,
everywhere sparkling with foam and
surging im its madness; and we arc
tempted to ask, can this indt.cd he—
Tht•
These men are mistaken and mad, or
are traitors (if the deepest dve,ele.erciug
a traitor's darkest doom. This equality
of the Mack and white races which they
are seeking to estalilish in this country
is an ahsurd and idle dream which ti
brief contrast of their progress and pecu
liarities must dispel from every thought
ful mind.
A little inure than two cialturit..s since,
when tint' fathers first planted a few
germs of our race at scattered points
almig . the North American coast, the
whole numher of that race in the old
world did not exceed six millions. Eng
land,;-zcotland and Wales then numbered
fewer inhabitants than New York,
Pennsylvania and Ohio do now. :\ lark
the progress: in North America at this
time including a wholesome t 'eltic in
fusion, l there are at Mast thirty millions,
and in the whole world teonressing
there also the same infttsion,l from
eighty to ninety millions of people, sub
stantially Anglo-tiaxon in their origin.
We are everywhere thus displacing . the
more sluggish races, or hemming them
in tin ,vcry side; and at this current
rate of increase, lir one hundred and
fifty years from this time, will run up
to eight hundred millions of human
Icings—al I speaking the same language,
rejoicing in the same high intellectual
culture, and exhibiting the same in
herent and inalienable characteristics
On the other hand, the African race
has never, anywhere, given any proof
of its capacity of a self-sUstailled civili
zation. Since the sun first shone on
Mutt continent it has remained in the
same state of mental gloom. Cruel,
brutal, voluptuous, and indolent by na
ture, the African has never advanced
single -'tell beyond his tM•11 savage orig
inal. .'itur , ry ho, (re r I", 0, and to
this /tom• con( bine,: Yo bc, his itor/wil,
condition, throrighout
oral 1,1, own! And yet they have hail
:IS many opportunities of improvement
as the inhabitants of Asia or Europe.
Along the shorel Of the :Mediterranean
was talco concentrated the Litertature
and Science of the world, Carthage,
the rival of imperial I tome in all the
arts of commerce and civilization, exist
ed for many years on the African bor
der. Th, , f . ....tracens, the most polished
race of their time, founded and main
tained for cent cries a contiguous empire.
Still, for all this, the African has con
tinued to prowl ou through his bate;
night of harbarism ; and thus, in all
human lm•ob11111 ty, he will continue
forever. Tell us not that his want of
progress ill civilization is the result of
long established bondage. SO, tr cell
'uries, was our own race bound to the
earth Under Val'iMlS modifications or
medial vassalage. But the white sonl
expanded, and mounted above all its
hurthens and trammels, and finally, ill
this country, reached the full finition
repuhliem Cri•edmll.
We . ; ,.*:;111 this 111 , 11tal'•.•1111rir -- . I . of
the African—ace forbear, in the spirit
of sobriety, any physical contemplation
or contrast,—does not give a dominant
race tiki right to convey him from his
own benighted land to a foreign bond
age, even under the forms of a fat rehase
from his African master. Ilut this na
tural inferiority must he considered by
the statesman in framing laws and
adopting . Constitutions for human gov
ernment. In Pennsylvania we have
always affirmed this inferiority in our
fundamental laws; and the same has
been done in almost all the free States
of the Cuion—generally excluding the
African from the right of suffiage. This
necessity of regarding the law of
races, is thus forcibly commented upon
by Lamartine ta scholar and a states
man, always in favor of man's largest
liberty I in 0 recent work :
The 11101, 7 have traveled, the 111!11'1• 1 ;1111
enilyillred Nutt ),1,8 of ',lens for.. the g, , eat
.Nrerct of ?nen and manners. :Man is not so
capable it education as philosophers im
agine. The influence iir
,anverninent nnul
laws has less pawet-, inheally, than is slip
posed, liver tho manor is and instincts of
:lily people. While the primitive constitu
tion and blood the rncehaccaivcayStheir
influence, and natniti•st theulselvey thou
sands of years aftervards in the physical
Limitation and habits of a ptu•tieular family
or tribe. 1111011111 tutu tutui lbws in rivers
and streams: in the vast oi.eaniif humanity;
but its Waters mingle 1111 T
11111 es they never d it emerges
again, like the Blame from the Lake of
tieneva, with its own taste and color. 1 let,
is, indeed, an abyss of thought and medita
tion, and at the sante time rt grand seerel
for legislators. , As long as they keep the
spirit of the race ill view theg sucteed ; but
they fail when they strive against this na
tural predisposition: nature is stronger
than, they are.
But ivhy thus enlarge upon a topic
which hasundergone so much, and such
frequent discussion ? Why—because
this idea of working out negro equality
on the part of our opponents is the row
basis of our present political struggle.
Let no man be mistaken. This is really
the leading issue at the present moment
between the two parties. To carry out
this idea has come at last to be the ruling
if not the sole purpose of the war which
is now deluging the land with fraternal
blood! For this, the Constitution and
the teserved rights of the States and the
people have been mockingly tr,slitipled
LANCASTER, PA., THURSDAY MORNING, OCTOBER 6, 1864.
under foot ; for this, both imperious
and imperial edicts, such as would send
to the block any monarch in England
have been issued by the President, and
sought to be enforced ; for this, Secre
tary Seward's boast to Lord Lyons—" I
can touch my office bell at any moment,
and order to be arrested any citizen of
this country "—has been .all too fre
quently realized!
The extent to which the party support
ing the President are willing to go in
negro affiliation, finds a memorable il
lustration in the proposition made by
Secretary Cameron, the first of the sev
eral occupants of the. Secretary of War
under PresidenfLincoln. He cooly pro
posed, in his first and last annual com
munication, to free, and then, to arm the
whole black population of the South,
and turn them against their white mas
ters in a work of indiscriminate butch
ery ! This truly infernal suggestion was
not adopted by the President when first
proposed, but it has since been acted up
on in more instances than one.
We have charged the party at present
in power, fellow-citizens, with tyranny
and usurpation. We now go further,
and solemnly assert our • belief, that
there is a deliberate design to change
the character, if not the form of our
government. The leading papers in
the support o ft he A iln tinistration openly
advocate zt modification which will
place greater powers in the hands of the
President : and if their advice should•be
adopted by the people, in a short time
the chains will be firmly riveted, and
our liberties completely subverted.—
The Philadelphia Pr,,s not long since
remarked :
Anotiri•r principle must certainly he
eitihotlied in tlitr re,ogilizea farm of govern
ment. The loon who slittpe the legisltilib . n
of this ry \\Awn the War is post, 1111151
roillood'r that what we Want power and
strength. 1711• problem will i, to coothioe
Itcpoblicon t;oreritorent with
the powew, r,i rt MOorricleicol t;orernment."
About the same time, as if by concert
we lied in the North :
"This war has already shown the tibsur
lilil o% I f'orro'olioott with limited powers.:
it lens show, (left the yetwer of rrerg Gorerh
we)rt (milli,' to be mot oioNt• he 1'51,111
Such doctrines as these would have
met with rebuke even at the hands of
the elder Adapts; but they were the
natural precursors oh tile "War power"
wlin•11 Int, been made t o ov e rrid e th e
most explicit doctrinesof the Constitu
tion. The very wrong, in 'fact., com
plained or by our rather-, 11.101 enume
rated in tln•ir declaration , against the
English monarchs, have been revived
upon their sons. This Administration
has wilfully viiiiiited its owl, oath
hound pledges, 1111k1 sought
rlh hfrnfrf f /01? thr esu'oltlisht /will
(41,1( ty . ihr UOrr'llll,lflil ;" it /1(15 foster
ed a of whiolt I, ,itis
In f (1.1 Mt' If ell f thf
~Cf Pill'' , One 111111 eee tttr,
tele th , Irwin., intl . ,' lir rt Ii (if (1., s
poils'''. It ha , rendered " thc
lo the;-ii pottwr." It has su
perSedeil in g reign et lawless force
the security prescribed by law against
seizure and intprisonniellt " without
due process ,it 111.11'. " It has verily
alttl it zzowitztd, fp ttittl
SWIII7IIII es to &W
-el,: r,1 1 1 V(111111' Mid rut out their slll.l
- ." By an iniquitous C'onscription
law, it has distributed its agents among
the people, backed by bayonets and
clothed with discretionary powers over
the liberties, it not the lives of our citi
zens. It "/u,s Iltr
o ge 1111111 . 1!,
(1 .1 1,•,1, 1 ,111 111 (1 1 1 .7 ,111 . " l.t has "
111.0 s urr 11:1 Wi11 . .1,111 orgy Croti. , il'lll. " Final
ly, its chosen and purchased advocatei,
are now clamorous for a stronger ( iov
eminent, that "riot• buy/ /,'
(111 . 11. 1 1.111 1 ,',111 , 111 . 1 - 1111111,1,•1(Hrs,1111,1-
1 , 11 1 11, (111(1 11U. p,11'11 , 1 (,f 011;' (101 ,
1,1111 10( J'l,l ±110(1,111111111111 . 11. " These,
we submit, fellow-citizens, are all of
them features fairly exhibited, of that
stronger I lovernment," which our
forefathers, appealing "to the I-lupreme
Judge of the world," eighty years ago,
pledged their lives, their fortunes and
I heir sitercd honor" to put aside forever.
\V(' have 1R4 • 01'..` spoken, fellow-citi
zens, of depressed condition of the coun
try. The mountain of debt which has
linen piled up SO reeklessly, cannot be
les , than three thousand millions of dol
lar,, when all is fairly counted. Willis
l'ennsylvania's share will be at least
one-tenth of the or Si:',oo,uno,uon.
'fire annual interest . l)oll this sum (more
easily estimated thatillpaid) will he about
eighteen millions oftullars. This, add
ed to the annual interest nil' our former
debt,makes:in aggregate of interest 110 W
and hellecrorth to he horny the peo
ple of this Commonwealth, stated in
round numbers, of twenty millions of
dollars! NVe eannott,heighten this pic
ture of the stern ;utility, which an inex
orable arithmetical i'calculation gives.
I-lome made even a deeper cleht and a
,iarker id'ospect of flit future.
Tiixtition always falls heaviest upon
labor; it will now grind the poor to the
very earth. And yet the mock philan
thropists or the day are qncreasing the
taxation, awl urging on a system of
measmvs, which, under the pretense of
ameliorating the condition of the Afri
can, will, if carried on much longer,
practically enslave the laboring white
man and starve his family. And besides
ii' the forcible abolition of bondage
at the ;-iouth should succeed, it will only
be to (wing the white working-men and
women of the North into competition
in the same paths of labor with the
African, they have been taxed and
beggared to bring here and support
alllollg,-1 Us!
The favored capitalist, who has money
to lend to the administration, gets his
bonds, upon which there is no taxation;
and thus is increased the burdens of the
laboring and - middle classes. But we
forbear to pursue this melancholy train
of facts and reasoning . , and turn to the
noire
,grateful consideration of how We
can dd something for the correction of
these evils.
, It must be plain, fellow-eitizens, the
only hope that conservative men can
4
have or .- vine; the country from im
pending archy and ultimate ruin, is
Icy unith l with the Democratic pi., ty,
lie oitl, party now left that is truly
national in its character and conserva
tive in its ::iins ; the only party in the
country that has ever been able to
govern it, for any length of time to the
sat isisaction of the people at large.
This party has now presented for the
Presidency and Vice Presidency the
men or tho most unspotted lives', and un
blemished reputations—every - W:ly IlllaS
:,:li [ed and unassailable, except by the
corrupt and mercenary creatures in the
pay and promise of the existing Si
ministration.
In regard to I tc(trge R. McClellan, we
shall not pause here to write his history.
That is already engraved on the hearts
and consciences of a grateful people. We
feel confident, also, that his admitted
ability, integrity and independence, the
manly firmness he has always exhibted,
and especially, and above all, his heroic
devotion in the darkest hours to the
true principles of the Constitution, will
draw around him now the nation's con
fidence. This confidence, reposed in
such hands, Would never be betrayed.
He stands at the present, as he has al
ways stood, wholly aloof from intrigue.
lie is allied by no ties or contracts with
mercenary adventures in political life.
lie seeks not the office for which he has
been named ; hut has all along held "the
noiseless tenor of his way," free from the
embarrassments which trammel the ac
tive and ambitious candidate for office.
Even if defeat should fall to his lot in
this contest, (which we cannot believe,)
he be will consoled 'with the conscious
ness of having implored no man's aid;
pledged in advance, no placesthat would
be in his gift, if elected ; and that those
who had espoused his cause even from
the beginning, acted from sympathy
with a brave, persecuted, and patriotic
man ; acted front principle and love of
country, seeking no reward of future
favors. No one who has been named
for the Presidency desires it less; no one,
certainly, has courted it less, and this is
an additional reason why he should be,
and will be, preferred by the thoughtful
and the upright
The varnished reports of rivals in
command ; the suppressed and distorted
facts of a partisan committee of Con:
gress ; the constant jealousy and malig
nant opposition at every step of these
who feared his success and dreaded his
popularity, have all failed in blasting
his military reputation. Intelligent
men everywhere, in every land, have
read the libels upon this accomplished
soldier, only with a sickening sense of
their injustice and venality. In this
country they have penetrated the hearts
of our soldiery and the people at large,
only to kindle there a broader and
brighter flame of devotion to their in
tended victim ; and the world, ere long,
will witness with approbation the re
ward which they will mete out to a
national benefactor.
The 'eminent statesman who has been
nominated for the second place on our
ticket, has long been conspicuous in the
legislative branch of the Government.
Remembering his years, few men in
our country have ever reached a higher
position in the respect and confidence
of the public. No man in the present
Congress possesses to a greater extent
those gifts of oratory and accomplish
ments of statesmanship, that amply
justify the wide popularity and esteem
with which he is everywhere regarded
in the section of the Union that gave
him birth. lie, like our Presidential
candidate, belongs to the YOUNG MEN
of this country.
These nominations are essentially
THEIR nominations. The fact of youth
should give a deeper interest, if pos
sible, to this in the struggle now at
hand. The whole of active life is befort ,
them, with all its pursuits, hopes and
enjoyments. Let them weigh well re
cent and passing events, and mark the
rapid coiling of despotic power ; let
them resolutely see to it, that the wise
and benetieent institutions of the pure
men Or former times become their own
sure heritage and that of their children.
Finally, fellow-citiz.ensof Pennsylva
nia, of all classes and conditions, it is in
your power to dissolve the clouds which
now,' threaten to overwhelm all our
brightest hopes, and bring upon our
country along night of storm and dark
ness. Against the usurpations and evils,
which we are conscious of having but
too imperfectly depicted, let us array
ourselves in combined strength. The
election of our Congressinnal, Legisla
tive and County tickets in October is of
the highest importance, if we would
succeed in the Presidential contest in
November. Hmccess here will inspirit
the Conservative men of other States.
Defeat will idarni and dishearten. It is
the fit"rl" of the Pennsylvania Democ
racy, and those who unite with us to
cAuffx 71115 ELECI'IoN, if W0111(1 1101
bring on prematurely, that which is
sure to follow in the end, if I . lllllily We
fail in :November- 44 Thr de...p(f w hi. o h
rev louiw”8 ric,poti,m, or the rugc whioh
wrlcoulcs ourtichy."
Let our watchwords be Wan W'an iif we
must have it for the true, legitimate
objects or ,11,11 a war, and NONE irrn En;
for pr.\ cy the first moment that peace
can restore to us the common heritage
of a united country; for the imperisha
blea glory flak obt _
and the Con
stittition unimpaired ; with sympathy
for our soldiers in the field under their
trials and dangers—ready ever aid
and to honor thent— which cannot pos
sibly be better done, than in giving our
best efliirts in endeavoring - to so modify
the ' i , rounds of Ow struggle they are
inaintitining as that it shall appear
purely just I ieforc men, and in the sight
of God!
\\e implore, then, all who love lucre
and order; all who wish to see industry
successful and property secure ; all who
are willing to support wise legislation,
puhlie virtue, and constitutional liberty;
all who wish to lead prosperous lives
themselves, and enjoy in quiet the trolls
of their industry; all who wish to tratH-
Mit their property thud the blessings of
free institutions to their children, we
implore all these to unite with us. We
go for the country, the trots eountr3•
—tor rsioN, LittERTV and LAW. If a
majority of the people will thus he true
lo themselves, we may hope soon to see
our country resuming with renewed vig
or her glorious eareer—FßEE,
,\NO HAPPY—the pride of her own
eiti•zens,audthe;ulntirationoftheworld!
Ily order orthe Democratic State Cen
trat Committee. ( WARD,
'hairranil
1;. .J. 11E.Ni PH I -a•retcu•\ .
Come out from Among the Foul Party.'
Slaahly is (lying! Every day lirings
fresh evidence or losses 111111
I)einocratie corruption :mil
inellpaeity 01 the ,lianiinnilt party are
all the 'oll , ervittive, honest,
true I 'akin inen to the standard 01 Me
llon:in. The following. are a fUNV of
those mil() have lilt the ',arty :aid
have.joirleil heart anti liana iu the 1101,1 e
work the 2allzult Little
1\ lay t 0 111 i,
races.
MILLAIZI) F 11, I -
lelt I.:, elected on.,tlie Whig ticked
leneral Taylor, in 1845,, is ardently
supporting let llellan and Pendleton.
Gm - . PRA :\ I LE 1 1"1 1 1.], 'f)r . kr,ntiu•ky,
Whi) \V;I (dodo' 1:y the I ht.:publicans,
or, at least, whose election Wa , claimed
by them as a Lincoln victory, is sup
porting. AIc•('lell: u i and Pendleton.
Hon. AMOS K ENDA LL, Gen. Jack
son's Postmaster General, is one of the
most ardent supporters of McClellan
and Pendleton.
Hon. _HEVER DV JOHNSON, of
Maryland, the oldest member of the
Vnited States Senate, who was elected
to his present position by
can party, has come out square in a hit
ter for McCdlan. He says of Lincoln :
" I Low can an honorable man believe
that One who has so signally faired for
almost four entire years can be success
ful if another four years he granted
him. Not one in Congress, certainly.
Not twynty memliers believe him e.lid,
or at all C , ; to!, to the mighty titsk. Ile
has Is tried and found wanting."
Hon. ETN A COWAN, 1". S. Sena
tor from this State, and one of the few
good men in the I lepublican party, is
opposed to Abraham Lincoln and favor
aide to General MeClellan.
Ex-Coy. WASHINGTON HUNT, of
New York, formerly a Whig, and here
tofore silent, supports McClellan and
Pendleton.
Hon. 0. 11. BROWN IN( i, late United
States Senator from Illinois, and always
a steadfast Republican, has.come out in
favor of McClellan. In a speech lately
made hy him at a Mc( 'Nina!' ratification
meeting at Quincy, Illinois, he said he
" regarded McClellan as the best gene
ral our country had produced, and his
election would give him entire satis
faction."
Hon. ROBERT C. WINTHROP, of
Massachusetts, formerly - Whig Speaker
of the House of Representatives, and
heretofore not with the Democracy, is
out strongly for McClellan. He heads
the Democratic Electoral ticket in his
State.
JAMES T. BRADY, Esq., the dis
tinguished New York lawyer, who has
zealously supported Mr. Lincoln, is
stumping New York for M'Clellan. He
spoke at the M'Clellan Constitutional
meeting at New York on the jith with
great force.
Hon. D. M. WOODSON, of lowa,
many years Judge of the Ist Judicial
Circuit in that State, openly declares
his endorsement of M'Clellan and the
platform. He has heretofore always op
posed the Democracy. In Morgan,
Scott and (reene counties he is a "tower
of strength'."
Gen. LESLIE COOMBS, of Ken
tucky, and Hon. M. UNDERWOOD,
of the same State, are now supporters
of Little Mac.
GEORGE H. HILMAR - D, of Mass.,
the Essayist and Historian, who has
heretofore opposed the Denioeraey, is
now enthusiastically in favo'r of M'Clel
lan and Pendleton, to save the country.
JOHN VAN BUREN, Esq., who
something more than a year ago went
over to Lincoln's support and took an
active part against the Democracy last
fall, is now giving all his energies to the
election of Little Mac.
JAMES S. THAYER, the most elo
quent orator of New York, and once
the bosom friend and political partisan
of Henry Clay, has turned in as an en
thusiastic• supporter of the Democratic
nominees.
GEORGE I). PRENTICE, for many
years the leading opponent of the De
moeracy in Kentucky, is out strong in
support of McClellan.
Hon. E. C. SEAMAN. Republican
Senator of Michigan, has commenced
a most vigorous campaign for Little
Mae.
.10:-;F:PH B. INIORE4S, seven years
editor of the Boston Traveller, and for
Many years editor of the Newburyport
I/rvvrhl, in opposition to the Democracy
is now in the ranks of the gallant Mc-
Clellan.
Hon. AVM. B. OGDEN, Republican
State Senator of Illinois, is supporting
MeClellan and Pendleton.
Jr.l\ oSISORNE, Bresident of the Illi
nois-Ventral Railroad, a prominent Re
publican, is also in the . .71feClellan ranks
doing gotal service.
FRANKLIN T. BACKUS, of Ohio,
who was the Republican candidate for
Supreme Judge, in Isn2, is out for me-
I len. 11111 - 11'S .1. CLAY, or the old
Kentucky Whig; stock, has taken the
stump for Little Mac.
NELSON FRANKLIN, a former
Reis Senator of Ohio, is out for
McClellan.
(;en. IMSECRANS is said to have
mailea speech at a _McClellan and Pen
dleton ratification meeting in St. Louis
on the Bth inst., in the course of which
he took occasion to sad• that he had been
raised a Democrat and was a Democrat
WM', and he was determined that there
should he a free election in Missouri.
Ife was heartily cheered.
Col. A. 'W. BREWSTER, of Mass.,
has joined the ranks with his old com
mander—Little Mac.
Col. WM. H. IRWIN, for two years
commander of the gallant 4nth P. V.,
;mil a hitter opponent of the Democracy
is lime making-speeches for McClellan.
MO. (len. McCLERNAND, of Illi
nois, is for little Mae,
(ten. RoilEirr ANDERSON, of:Fort
Sumter fame, is for Little Mac.
GEOltli; W. McCOOK, of the
lighting McCook family, is stumping
for Little :\fitc.
(len. A. 1\1(1). McCOOK, of the same
stock, is kith his brother in the good
cause of the - Union and Little Mae.
r (;en. BuRNsEDE is not fo?
wcieihin, the notoxon g is what he said
of him in a puldie meeting in New York:
I have known (:on. McClellan most
intimately, as students together, as
soldiers in the field, :is private citizens.
1;or years we have lived in the same
family, and I know !din as well as I
know any human being on the face of
the earth, and I know that no more
honest, conscientious man exists than
;en. McClellan. I know that no feel
ing or ambition, beyond that of the
gmal and the success of our cause, ever
enters his breast. All that he (Toes is
with a single eye, a single view to the
success of the Government, and the
breaking down of this rebellion. I know
that nothing under the sun will ever
induce that man to swerve from what
he knows to be his duty. He is an
honest Christian-like anti conscientious
and let me add one thing, that he
hes the soundest head, anti the clearest
military perception of any man in the
United States."
11,i1fr,1,. is nit in favor of McClellan,
but he wrote to him when Pope's defeat
had placed Washington in danger:
" 1 beg you to assist me in this crisis
with your: Wilily and experience. lam
entirely tired out."
('in,•innati ('ouu,trrriul, Hepubli
, :11thotigli not supporting . MrClel-
" Even his enemies must concede to
him abilities as a commander superior
to those of a dozen or more oflicers (lOW
holding important positions." '
Among the long list of influential
newspapers which have come over to
Ito support of the Democratic eandi
dates, are :
Tho N.VTIONAL ENTELLI(IEN-
C \Vashington, 1). C., the old and
dignified organ of the Whig. party,
\\ 16,11, since the breaking Up Of that
party has been independent, has joined
its vigorous and valuable laliON with
the Denoicraey in the cause of Little
Mac awl Pendleton.
'life ISV ILLE JOURNAL runs
up the names of McClellan and Pendle
ton, and has opened fire against the
Washington Disunionists.
The SoMERSET HERALD, Mary
land, Republican, runs up Mae and
Pen, and repudiates Lincoln and John
son.
'Flu N ENV LONDON CHRONICLE,
Connecticut, takes down Lincoln and
puts up \ L •ic alltl Pen.
'l'h , EsTuH ESTER MONITOR,
Nen, York, denounces shoddyism and
conies (nit in support of McClellan and
Pendleton.
The ANN ARBOR JOURNAL, of
Michigan, Republivan, runs up the
names of McClellan and Pendleton,
and joins in the tight for the Union.
The CINCINNATI VOLK'S
(lerman Republican, runs
up the Democratic ticket and enters
upon its support "with all its energy
and conviction."
The ST. LOUIS A NZIEGER, Ger
man Republican, abandons Lincoln and
advocates McClellan, saying that
'• thousands of Republican will desert
the incapable, corrupt and perjured
Lincoln Administration, and gather
under the banner of McClellan to save
the Republic."
The WOOD COUNTY INDEPEN
DENT, Ohio, repudiates Lincoln, whom
it has heretofore supported, and comes
out vigorously for McClellan.
The SUFFOLK HERALD, one of
the most influential Republican papers
on Long Island, N. V., takes the Balti
more candidates from Its columns and
supports McClellan,
TIIE HIGHLAND BOTE, following
in the steps of the Cincinnati VoU4s
liTund, has taken down the names of
Fremont and Cochrane, and substituted
t 1 se of M'Clellan and Pendleton.
The lOWA BANNER; German Re
publican, declares for APClellan and
Pendleton.
The foregoing list of eminent men
who have abandoned the cause of Shod
dy and disunion could be largely ex
tended, as could also the list of news
papers which have patriotically recanted
from the support of the Shoddy candi
dates and come over into the ranks of
the hero of Antietam. For one instal
ment the foregoing will be found suffici
ently unpalatable no doubt, to the
Shoddy office holders and contractors,
and will help them to contemplate the
doom they already.more than suspect at
the November elettlou.
NUMBER 39.
The Ifannfbcture of "Greenbacks."
HOW THE GOVERNINIENT MO:NEV IS
MADE-A TRIP THROUGH THE NOTE
PRINTING DEPARTMENT-FULL DE
SCRIPTION OF THE PROCESS OF MANU
FACTURING THE UNITED STATES
" SINEWS OP WAR."
To obtain access to the note printing
bureau requires a pass from the Secre
tary of the Treasury himself. For obvi
ousreasons, it is a privilege rarely granted
and never, except under the most
thorough survillance. No lady not em
ployed upon the work is ever permitted,
under any circumstances, to enter that
part of the department. If for no other
reason, the crowded machinery would
make it dangerous.
THE MACHINE 51100
is the first room we enter. It is sup
plied with forges, lathes, planes and
drills capable of doing all the re wring
necessary to be done to the machinery
of the building and to facilitate the set
ting up and working of such new
machines as are demanded by our ex
tensive paper circulation. Compactness
and utility have been studied through
out this branch of the Treasury Depart
ment.
THE PAPER MILI
though not as extensive as one for gen
eral manufacturing is sufficient for all
the labor required in making the note
printing paper. The engine used in this
room is a great beautiy, glittering with
brass as highly polished and clean as
the work of a watch, and running al
most as quietly and smoothly.
The manufacture of a paper combin
ing the qualities of wear and being split
less and unphotographic, was a desider
atum. Accordingly it was resolved to
make some experiments, which were
intrusted to Dr. Gwynn. He lags pro
duced a paper firm as parchment,
smooth as satin, and of a combination
of materials known only to himself,and
secured to the exclusive use of the gov
ernment. He has introduced into it a
fibre which cannot be photographed
without discoloring the paper to which
impressions may lie transferred, giving
it the appearance of a coarse black spi
der web. Being moulded into the body
of the paper it is impossible to erase it,
and it must he a great preventative of
counterfeiting by the the - photographic
process, which has latterly Icon the
most successful.
TILE LSE: MILLS
are six in number, for making as many
different colors. Each one is called a
four-horse power mill, though the whole
six are driven at the seine time by an
engine which one could pick up with
one hand. It not only turns these mills,
but at the same time runs three Hoe
cylinder presses. It was made in the
machine shop of the department, and
derives its force from its great boiler ca
pacity. Of the manufacture of ink but
little is to he said, for any one having
seen a common paint shop has the pro
cess at once, and perhaps the Only dif
ference is, that here mine lint the first
quality material is used.
'Mil.: ENO RAV INO ROOM
is of more interest than any we have
yet been in. Here science and art are
both displayed to perfection. There is,
perhaps, no engraving so line and re
quiring so much time '0 execute as that
on the plates now being prepared for
national note-printing. One the size of
a bill, on which the workman has been
employed almost a year, is a copy of one
of the paintings in the rotunda of the
capitol. The figures wore Or eXollitiitt!
proportions, and the water lines, though
plain, extremely delicate in their
tracery.
With the single plate, as it coons from
the bands of the engraver, it would lie
impossible to do the printing required,
and as it is equally impossible to have a
number of plates engraved, it becomes
necessary to repeat them in another
way. This is done in the following
manner: The engraving is done on a
plate of soft steel just the size of the hill
or bond and the cuttings are indenta
tions. When finished, the plate is har
dened and taken to a transfer press"
where a roller of soft steel of a circum
ference to take in the size of the fiat
plates rolled over it under heavy pres
sure leaving the impression on the
roller in a raised form. This roller is in
turn hardened ann then any mlnilier of
that plates similar to the original are
prepared, and receive in like manner
the impressions from this ,roller and be
come faesinnfes of the plate engraved ;
and we have reproduced inafewnunmites
what it has taken months with chisel
and eye-glass to make. •
TILE PRINTING
is now done on the old fashioned en
graveirs press, being nothing more
than a single iron roller covered with
cloth and paper to press the printing
paper into the indentures placed in a
strong frame and turned back and forth
by hand.by a spoke placed in theend of
the roller. Two persons work in each
press, a man and woman, the former
attending the plate, the latter the paper.
The plate is kept warm while working
by a glass-heater. The sheets when
printed are each laid between other
sheets of thin brown paper to keep them
from blurring, and sent in hundreds to
the drying room. The first process of
bond printing is nunlhenillg the coupons
and the denomination with a yellow
mordant, and as they fiy from the press
are bronzed as they appear when issued.
Yellow is used because it cannot be
photographed without showing too
plainly to be mistaken, as we remarked
about the fiber in the paper. This dis
covery was made in the following man
lier: When Mr. Clark was at the head
of the Bureau of Construction he had a
map made for military purposes which
it was necessary to repeat. It was pho
tographed, and an obscure road marked
with a faint yellow line was discovered
to be black in the copies. He then pho
tographed a specimen sheet of inks or
paints and of all the colors except black,
yellow was the only one which might
not have been altered with ease with a
touch of the brush. It was black as the
black itself. Hence any attempt to
photograph this color will only lead to
the discovery, and as it is the ground
work of bonds and other securities, and
covered by the printing, it seems an
other security against fraud.
is the lust process before trimming. The
work is done by women, the machines
being worked with a treadle, The
figures are placed in the edges or six
disks placed side by side and fastened
to an arm worked by the treadle, some
thing after the style of a Wheeler &
Wilson sewing -machine. The disks
are turned by a ratchet, and will num
ber from one to nine hundred and nine
ty-nine thousand and ninety-nine.—
For consecutive numbering a little hook
is attached to the ratchet, the disks and
machine shifts itself. Otherwise the
disks are turned by the number.
TILE TRIMMING AND (TTTINC
was formerly done by hand, and, of
course, very imperfectly and laborious
ly. There were two things to be over
come in cutting by machinery—the in
equality of the registry and the shrink
age. It was desirable that the edges
should he trimmed, so they would wear
well. If cut with a straight knife they
would be beveled one way. As they are
now cut, with circular knives running
pinchingly, they have an edge beveled
both ways. The sheets are registered
in the centre, and the shrinkage divided
between the two edges.
The greenbacks are printed four on a
sheet. One machine trims the margins
and another separates them. This latter/
is an ingenious contrivance. It slits
them very fast, and lays them with re
gularity in a box, each series of num
bers separately. The notes are lettered
A, B, C, and D, and the numbers on
each are the same ; therefore it is essen
tial they should be kept carefully apart.
Each of the boxes that receives them
has a movable bottom.
When the cutting for the day first
commences this bottom is near the top
of the box, but as the cutting progresses
and the number of the bills increases, a
ratchet lets the bottom drop the thick
ness of a bill, so the box is kept just so
full all the time, to make the bills slide
in without doubling. It is intended that
the cuttingshonldbe a criterion bywhich
to judge of the genuiness of the bills for
every one must be the width_ and
length. If the end of a bill be placed on
RATES,Pr. ADWMI.Wir.Fit , • -
SuSransa AnVEnTandrisn.r4' tala: Pear Per
square of ten lines ; -ten per cent. increase for
fractions .
Ram, Esrersofayear, • .ftasoia pnopEzrz and Gra.
Anynarfncsd, 7 eents':_a - line for the
nrst, and 4 cents for each-subsequent 'neer
tlon.
..
ATirTitX .Ikimoronas and other adver's by. We
cohimik . : ,
One coluxon,l year,.:............ ~;; . ,,8104, :
Half column,.l year-....................._ a -
Third colum ll,l. year...--- ........
....... ' 40 10 -
Quarter
.. c01umn,...:..._........_............... 801.
BUSINESS CA nns,or ten mes or less, .
one year,
Business Cards, five lines or less, ono
year -...—.........-.—...
LEGAL AND OTHER NOTICES-- .
Executors' notices .. ...• -..........„
Administrators' notices,..
Assignees' notices
Auditors' notices -
Other "Notices," ten lines, or less,
three times - 1.51)
the center ofanother, therewill be found
no difference in the width, an exactnes.4
which cannot be given by the hand.
The currency cutting-machine is more
complicated, as it cuts both ways, and
tiles them in bundles of five dollars each
and I am not sure but it binds andseals
them.
is the progress now used in this estab
lishment. The wetting is done by cloths
instead of by dripping or sprinkling, as
in newspaper printing,. A room is pre
pared especially for this, with iron
weights for pressing. Each man has
his particular place assigned him, and
all work in harmony and with precision
and celerity. Ordinary bills are wet and
dried three times during the printing.
But this process will soon be done away
with for preparations are being made to
substitute.
in its stead, in which there will be at
least two advantages, speed and better
work. To do this some eighty heavy
hydreutlic• printing presses are being set
up, when what is called dry printing, or
printing on dry 'paper, will for the first
bete he successfully performed. There
is a very pereclitilde difference between
the present Way and the one to he sub
stituted. Specimen sheets show a
cleau•er impression and remarkable dis
tinctness with which the faintest water
line is made to stand boldly out. This
process, which is entirely new, hits only
been introduced after the most vehem
ent virulent opposition. All sorts of
stories eireulated of the building being
crushed down, of there being au impos
sibility to take with a machine more
than seventy-five impressions per day,
and a hundred others of similar charac
ter; but inviting men of judgment and
skill in machinery to test the feasibility
of the plan. :\ Ir. Chase went on and
instructed Mr. Clark to continue the
experiments and perfect the system.
The first tests. were made with band
pumps. :\ laehine pumps are now being
rigged, and the whole will soon be in
motion. 'l'bcn• has been added to the
pressure of the pumps a regulator in
the shape of a weight of east-metal of
forty-live tons weight, which is intend
ed to take up their lost power as their
force is exhausted,t hus keeping up near
the same pressure all the time.
Eras AND SAFI.a;L , ARIiS
spun every one in t his departmentfrom
the chief (town to the lowest laborerop
crate at every turn. Not even a blank
sheet, much less a printed paper, is pass
ed front one hand to another without
being (minted and recipted for, and un
less there is collusion from one to an
other through every process through
whieh the paper• has to pass before it is
money, through the entire range, there
cannot he an over issue. The paper is
issued from one room, and is reissued
from that room sixteen or eighteen
times before it is put into circulation,
being counted, charged, and receipted
for each time, and recounted, recharged,
and recuipted for through each process
t hat it passes after leaving, this room.
Five hundred persons are employed
in note, bond, and currency making. It
would weer as if this ntnuber• ought, in
a month's time to turn out money
enough to carry on a half a dozen such
wars as we have on hood. But a million
of dollars in notes, of the required de
nominations to do the torrent business
of individuals is an immense pile of
paper, and when it comes to hundreds
of millions they grow into small hay
stacks as to sire.l Sut the present pro
cess of printing, each pressman takes
about rive hundred impressions per day.
liy the hydraulic presses it is expected
that from three toll% e hundred hupres
shuts per hour will be taken.
An Abolition palter, out West, the
other day, contained an editorial pitch
ing into a resolution ptssed at a Demo
cratic meeting. It turned out that the
re so lilt ion was drawn hy Thos. Jefferson?
This shows what chance Jefferson
would have it , he were ali`•e. Why; the
very wen who now talk of devotion to
the Declaration ot Independence, would,
without doubt, semi its author to Fort
La Fayette.
TUE MAcIIINERY 01 , THE HUMAN
..—Very few mechanics are aware
,ow much machinery there is, in con
dan t action, in their own bodies. Not
mly arc there hinges and joints in bones
Jut there are viii ves in the veins, a force
al nip in the heart, :ind curiosities in
d her parts of the body equally striking.
Mc of the muscles forms an actual pul
ey. The hones which support the body
ire made precisely in that form which
ems been ascertained, by calculations
ind experiments, to he the strongest for
Allays and supporting columns—that of
tollow cylinders.
—Vie have a " scion," says an ex
•hange, not yet advanced to the dignity
if jacket and trowseis, who, as the gen
al "Country Parson" whould say,seems
o understand the art of putting things."
It became necessary the other day to
nilict 0 dose of castor-oil and the little
chow Look the siekeningstuffas bravely
is ally vetran could see a baynot charge.
k wry face or two, and his opinion of
he medicament found expression: as
allows: " Mother I don't think ignite
ike castor-oil! it is a little too rich.
How is rr WITH YOU ?-At a prayer
meeting in the church of the village of
Spunktown, in the State of Maine, a
country lad was noticed by one of the
elder deacons to hold his head and wrig
gle in his seat, \ollie the tears seemed
to start every moment. ,
A clear case of repentance, thought
the old deacon, as he quietly stepped to
the side of the lad and in a whisper af
fectiOnately inquired :
" How is it with you, my son?"
The buy looked up, and supposing
him to be the sexton answered :
" Oh, very bad, and 1 want to go out
—my Milan's is kickin' up a revolution,
and if 1 ever vat a currant pie again,
lily name ain't J eems 13illins!"
—An Irishman was once brought be
'ore a magistrate charged with marry-
rig six wires
The magi Irate asked him how he
;ould he so hardened a villain.
" Plase yer honor, I was trying to get
t good 'un."
ze - Nobody can doubt that a major
ity of the people are in favor of peace,
but those who would accept it at the
expense of the Union are very feW in
deed. The events of the last four years
have pretty ;plainly demonstrated that
the old democratic party is the only power
in the country that can secure peace on
any terms short of disunion. The elec
tion of McClellan upon the principles
he has declared will bring peace and
restore the Union. And at the same
time, it will restore to the hearts of the
people, from Maine to Texas, the spirit
of fraternity which abolitionism has so
fearfully unpaired, but without which
neither peace nor the Union can long
exist.
" I was never on intimate terms
with the prisoner?" said a burglar who
was used as a Queen's evidence against'
a " pal." "He was no gentlenian. I've
known him when he was robbing a
house to drink a gentleman's-cham
pagne and go off with his silver; With
out - leaving a card - tif - thaais on the
dining-room table. He `bronght•`dis
credit on the perfesshun." ,
The potato crop in Hampshire- coun
ty, Mass, is so large this seasounthattar
mers-are hurryirig then?. to ' markeV for
fear of rot. • -•-- •