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VOL. LXII.
`'/‘ LANCASTEIt ti'f‘i'Pt%NAOß
, •
PUDIASITWD ITIMY YWZODAW, WO .Z imsTa'DITCL =LL?,
: • • BY ogo:sit*Difittigos.----
_
flunscatemx , -,,TWO Dollen , - por, erantua, - .payable. In
, "num r gliacan titukosl , until all timer
- • fges -818 lAAluki!a44.tit , thq, option 'of .the Editor'.
Apv,en . Fisexizir.l.—Adiertiisements, 444...exeeellini. one
*10 3 ;0.14. tinier) 'fan „bit Ineeited - threif times fer one
twentjqltre' eentEr fbr vsph" ed.:M*4o3er
-Tlioie "gienteit6iigtli, proportion: '"
Jon Panmso—Such 118 Hand Bina P01t43114 Tanimblets,
-..:Blanks; Labels ; ko., ke.; executed;rith mourner :and on
, • ;shortest notice. - : - • .
. . . ,
'-• THE FARMER. "
• •
The twilight of life's.siutumn time,
liotv sweet its holy
. spell
To those
,who. rest rom earthly toil
And know they've labor'd
Snob joy as.thine, those.hands haie taught
The wilderness to sidle,
Thy. ptitient , years.of , toil have won
A garden from the wild.
Thy cheek, that harirests sun's have•tann'd,
Still wears a healthful glow ; • ,
Ana love'e sweet fountain in thyleart
with .peaceful flow: •
The years that upon other brotis
Have set the deal of care,"
But lightly passed o'er thine, and left
A crown of glory there:
The hoary head is beautiful
• When found in wisdom's ways,
With honor she has crowned thy brow,
Blessed thee with length of days.
On sunny hillsides stronger hands
The ripened sheaves shall bind ;
And younger voices raise the song,
At merry.autumn time.
Thon'lt wait amid the mellow light,
'Till angel reapers come
To bid thee join, triumphantly,
A sweeter ' , Harvest Home."
KIND HEARTS
Let but the heart be beautiful,
And I care nut fur the face,
I heed nut that the form may want
Pride, dignity. or grace.
Let the mind he filled with glowing thoughts
And the soul with sympathy,
And I care nut if the cheek be pale,
Or the eye lack brilliancy.
What though the cheek be beautiful,
it soon must I.,se its bloom ;
The eye's bright lustre soon will fade
In the dark and silent tomb;
But the glory of the soul will live
Though the joyous life depart,
And the m.gic charm can never die
Of a true and noble heart.
The lips that utter gentle words
Have a beauty all their own,
And more I prize a kindly voice
Than music's sweetest tone;
And though its sounds are h.rrAt or shrill,
If the heart within beat free,
And echoes back each glad impulse,
"Its all the world to me.
THE WAY TO KEEP HIM.
Out again to-night . ?' said Mra.
fretfully, as her husband arose from the
tea-table, and donned his great coat.
4 Yes, 1 have an engagement with
Moore; I shall be in early ; have .a light
in the library. Good night ;' and with a
careless nod, William Hayes left the
room.
Always the way,' murmured Lizzie
Hayes, sinking back upon the sofa, out
every night. I don't believe he cares one
bit about me .now, and yet we've only
been married about two years. No man
has a more orderly house. lam not a bit
extravagant, and yet I don't believe he
loves me any more. Ohl dear, why is it ?
I wasn't •rich, he didn't marry me for
money, and he must hayed loved me then
—why does he treat me with so much
neglect?' and with her mind filled with
such fretful queries, Lizzie Hayes fell
asleep on the sofa.
Let me paint her picture as she lay
there. She was a blonde, with a small,
graceful fi_ure and a pretty face. ' The
hair, which showed by its rich waves its
natural tendency to curl, was brushed
smoothly back, ' it was such a bother to
curl it,' she said; her cheeks were pale,
her whole face wore a discontented ex
prdision. Her dress was a neat chintz
wrapper, but she wore neither collar nor
sleeves what's -the use of dressing up
just for William 1'
Lizzie slept soundly for two hours, and
then awoke suddenly. She sat up, glanced
at the clock, and sighed drearily at the
prospect of the long interval to be spent
before bed time.
The library was just over the room in
which she sat, and down the furnace flue,
through the registers, a voice came to the
young wife's ears; it was her husband's.
Well, Moore, what's a man to do! I
was disappointed, and I must have pleas
ure somewhere. Who would have fancied
Lizzie Jarvis, so pretty and loving, could
have changed to the fretful dowdy she
now is? Who wants to be at home to hear
his wife whining all the evening about her
troublesome servants, and her headache
and all sorts of bothers ? She's got the
knack of that drawling whine so pat, that,
'pon my life, I don't believe she can speak
pleasantly.'
Lizzie sat as if stunned. Was this
true 1 She looked in the glass. If not
dowdy, her costume was certainly not
suitable for an evening, even if it were
an evening at home, with only William to
admire. She arose and went softly to her
own room, with bitter and sorrowful
thoughts, and a firm resolution to win
back her husband's heart, and then his
love regained to keep it.
The next morning William came into
the breakfast room with his usual careless
manner, but a bright smile came to his
lips as he saw. Lizzie. A pretty chintz
with a pretty collar and sleeves of snowy
muslin, and a wreatth of soft full curls,
had really metamorphosed her, while the
blush her husband's admiring glance cal
led up to her cheek, did not detract from
her beauty. At first, William thought
there must be a guest, but on glancing
about he found they were alone.
Come, William, your coffee will be
stone cold,' said Lizzie, in a cheeryi
pleasant voice.
"c It must be cool till you sweeten my
breakfast with a kiss,' said her husband,
crossing the room to her side, and Lizzie's
heart bounded as she recognized the old
lover's tones and manners.
Not one fretful speech, not one com
plaint fell upon William's ear through the
meal ; the newspaper, his usual solace
during the hour, lay untouchel, as Lizzie
chatted gaily on every pleasant subject
she could think of, warming by his grati-'
fled interest and cordial manner.
You will be home to dinner she said ,
as he went out.
Can't to-day, Lizzie. I have business
out of town, but I'll be home early to tea.
Rave something substantial, for I don't.
expect to dine. Good bye,' and the smiling!
look, warm kiss and lovely whistle were a
marked 'contrast to his careless, lounging ,
gait of the evening previous.
I am in the right path,' said Lizzie in
a low whisper. Oh ! what a fool I have
been for the last two years! A fretful
,dowdy !" William you shall never Say that
again.
- Lizaie loved her linsbaid with real wifely
devotinnTand - het - heart would quiver as
She thought*of h is confidence to hill friend
M.; but like brave littlewomau she stifled
back the bitter feeling, and tripped off to . :
perfect - - her plans.' The grand piano,
silent for months, • was opened, and the
linen covers taken from the furniture.—
Lizzie thinking a He shant find any parlors
more 'attractive than his own, I am deter
mined' •
Tea time came, and William came with
it. A little figure in a tasty, bright; silk
dress, smoth curls, and oh ! such a lovely
blush and smile, stood ready to welcome
him in • and tea passed as the morning
meal had done.
After tea there was no movement, as
usual towards the hat rack. William
stood up beside the table lingering, chat
ting till Lizzie also arose. She led him
to the light, warm parlors, in their pretty
glow of tasteful arrangement, and drew
him down beside her on the sofa. He felt
as if he was courting her again as he
watched her fingers busy with some fancy
needle work, and listened to the ' cheerful
voice which he had loved so well two Years
before.
g What are you making, Lizzie V
A pair of slippers. bon% you remem
ber how much you admired the pair I
worked for you, oh! ever so long ago V
I remember ;.black velvet with flowers
on them. I used to put my feet on -the
fender, and dream of blue eyes and black:
curls, and I wished the time would move
faster to the day when . I could bring my
bonnie wee wife home, to make me music
in my house.'
Lizzie saddened for a moment, as she
thought of the last two years, and how
little music she had made for his loving
heart, gradually weaning it from its alle
giance ; then she said :
I wonder if you love music as much as
you did then.
Of course 1 do. I often go in at Miss
Smith's, for nothing else than to hear the
music.'
I can play and sing better than Miss
Smith,' said Lizzie, half pouting.
But you always say you are out of
practice when I ask you.
I had the piano tuned this morning—
now open it and we shall see how it sounds.'
William obeyed joyfully, and tossing aside
her sewing, Lizzie took the piano stool.
She had a sweet voice, not powerful, but
most musical, and was a very fair perform
er on the piano.
Ballads, Lizzie.'
4 Oh ! yes, 1 know you dislike opera
music in a parlor.'
One song after another, with a nocturne
or lively instrumental pieces occasionally,
between them, filled up another hour pleas
antly.
The little mantle clock struck eleven
Eleven ! I thought it about nine. I
ought to apologise, Lizzie, as I used to do,
for staying so long, and I can truly say,
as I did then, that the time has passed so
pleasantly I can scarcely believe it is so
late.
THE LITTLE BLACK SLIPPER.
Said I : Harry, where did you get that
slipper ?' Said 11% : ' James, this is the
tale :
g if anything will alleviate the little
miseries of a two days diligence-journey,
it is having as pretty, good-natured, and
cosmopolitan a little widow for your trav
eling companion as I had from Cordova
on the Guadalquiver, to Madrid on the
Manzanares. Tumbling into the interior'
of a diligence at 2 o'clock of a June mor
ning, after a few hours spent in vain at
tempt to sleep, rendered vain by a legion
of those tirailleurs du diable, long-horned
mosquitoes, one is by no means as serene
in temper as one should be. The writer
was savage that morning; and not until
the mayoral (conductor) had brought a
light to see if the passengers were all
properly packed in, revealing the cheerful
little face of .a pretty woman opposite to
him, did his good nature shine out as a
patient reflector and dissipate the fog of
discontent.
A long journey before us ; let us make
ourselves comfortable,' said the lady, the
departing mayoral with light just enabling
me to see that there was a smile on her
face. Then there was a shaking of black
silk skirts, Gracias a Dios I. there were
no steel or whalebone petticoats on her
blessed form ; two little feet 'sought re
fuge on my side; two good-sized ones
searched for an asylum on her side of the
diligence • and behold, we were disposed
to be friends for life. I don't know whether
Tupper, in his 4 Proverbial Philosophy,'
mentions under the bead of Friendship'
that it is a traveling shawl,' but in his
next edition he'd better do it, you know ;
because it is ! At least this morning; when
I spread mine over my legs, and extended
the courtesy to the limbs (Lingua .smer
icana) of the fair widow, she accepted the
woolen with a kind acknowledgment that
made me feel blessedly pleased with my
self and with her. The bolls 'of the eight
mules pulling the diligence were jingling ;
the postillion on the right leader had set
tied himself in his saddle ; the arriero
had hold of the reins; the mayoral
jumped into his seat in the Imperial ; and
the zugal, holding his (mimes hat tight
on his head, sprung out of the door of the
diligence office, uttering fearful yells and
cracking his whip with the ferocity of a
mad monkey; when—creak, bang, slide,
slip ? and we were launched on our jour
ney to Madrid.
'I went to sleep, and had a pleasant
dream of a cherubim, the kind that flew
round Noah when, he was building, the
Ark, and had no legs ! and having a dear
pair of gaiter boots for. wings ; while I
had for a companion another aeronaut
with large blank eyes, apropos of which—
" I never loved a dear gazelle
And gazed upon its soft slack eyes,
But what it turned out a d— sell—
A damsel heaving gentlest sighs '—
who was all thy's and thou's. In addition
to black eyes, she had blank hair•and a
traveling-shawl, and she had feet; and
both -the tiny little ones were somehow
thrust into the pockets of my shooting
coat, and—l woke up, and found that
there were a pair of little high-heeled,
black slippers, with white stockings at
tached, resting on the cushion by my side.
:You may
.talk about dream books, and
explanations of dreams;"but such bona fide
realixations please`Me most; and I looked
down at them and determined . they should
be mine if./ had td.gb a hand on them--
matrimonially, of coarse , a mod de
ib
offer mi this, hand. of > with
piano - . 1 4 013 0144.10103. • , _
1:4 Bat ahe> woke up , and :as the sun-was
a THAT gown= is `TBII psoansome:lnuitit- LAak Osmium rirs'AsjAgint; UWA3D.'
- LANCASM . TITESDAY- I, 4oNiNtr, M 4110312, 1861.
now shining brightly, she saw me regal.' d
ing those leather mice,'•whereupon she
at'oncti bid them, not by rudely withdraw
ing them but by cuddling them up - under
,one end of the traveling shawl; _which end
was in close proximity with my,pantaloons
pocket.-=:gow, reader, fancy my feelings
nursing a pair of twins like those, belong
ing to a very pretty woman—moreover a
widow.
Buenas, diar Senor P It. was cheer
fully, pleasantly spoken, and with such a
winning smile, and the, dark eyes beamed
so softly under the long black eyebtshes,
that: it, elicited all the writer's stock of
.
amiability in return. it came out in con
versation that the lady was from Seville,
was a widow, and her first name was Ju
niata, (tad y tal, or So-and-So) and . as I
had passed many pleasant days in Seville,
and bore away gay souvenirs of the
Marvel,' we were soon in earnest about its
wonders ; and beauties. She was charming
ly naive in conversation, and 'showed in
every remark, what is an exception with
Spanish ladies—an intelligent and anima
ted disposition. At Bailen, whge we
dined, 1 lost my heart when I handed her
from the diligence--beside, she faintly
pressed my hand with her gloved hand,
and showed me those feet !
There is no use doing things in, a hur
ry, so I determined, as we were yet thirty
six hours from Madrid, to wait until we
were within three hours of the city before
I formally proposed- for her heart, hand,
and high-heeled shoes. Sy, que gusto,
gue placer
• Again Was the. Old,.diligenoe en route
again, the shades of night were on us, and
the cool air brought out the traveling shawl;
and again a joint partnership was entered
into . between Juanita and me. Somehow'
near Las Navas' de Tolosa, the diligence
gave a fearful lurch, and Juanita was
pitched nearly into my arms ; seems to
me, she must have assisted the shook, else
how, in all the darkness of night—for it
must have been nearly 10 o'clock and
raining—could I have kissed her and ta
ken charge of her for nearly a minute,
while the diligence was coming to time 1
' QUIEN BABE!
That's the way to get over the difficulty
in Spain ; in Italy with a
CHI LO BA !
or to hunt it up to headtartere in Arabia
MA MIRO !
if you want it at home
WHO SNOWS!
That was a rose-colored_ rainy night—the
diligence pitched several times with equal
success.
I made up mind to turn Spaniard, buy
one of those velvet tiles, a black lamb
skin jacket, knee-breeches, pounds of sil
ver waistcoat and coat buttons, leather
gaiters with long leather fringe ; learn to
roll mgarritas and become a cigarrito ;
go twice a week to the Circo Gallistico,
'where roosters do combat ;' bet my duros
on the winning gallo, (not gall oh ! but
on the contrary ;1 attend every bull fight,
and mass once a week, to keep my hand
in ; dance the bolero; drink aguardiente
very cautiously ; shoot red-legged par
tridges all the year round, and, to sum
up, come out strong as a full-blooded
majo ! either this or edit a paper in "bled
rid, brogresisto.
Again the morning broke and up cam e
the sun illumining oar breakfast at Val
depenas, where the wine comes from, at
least the baptismal name of table-wine
half over Spain. I determined to edit a
paper in Madrid, progresisto !
The day wheeled by until we arrived
at Tembleque, where our diligence was
wheeled on to a railroad oar, and we were
to make the fifteen leagues between there
and Madrid with great diligence by steam.
Tembleque means a diamond pin ; it sticks
me with pain when I think of it, for there,
yes there ! Juanitia was lost to me (as a
wife) forever.
At Tembleque, while taking a hurried
lunch, I saw a bill announcing a bull-fight
to oome off in Madrid next day, and was
glad to be able to enjoy this amusement
once more ; on my return to the diligence,
I communicated to the widow the inter
esting fact.
0 pia ! ' said she, how I do love
bull-fights ! And, to see Cueliares with
the cape in• one hand and the sword in the
other, Hesoos ! he is a spades; but you
should have seen Juan, (pronounce Whan)
he always killed the first blow. .9y Car
namlia! there was a man for you—and such
clothes and such legs—poor soul ! that
last blank ball from the mountains was
too mitch,for him—too much, too much !
and-here the widow paid a tribute of two
tears to his memory, and flourished her
little hands and white cambric disconso
lately.
This Juan did not please me, although
he had succumbed to the bull, and was
gone where good bull-fighters go ; the
tribute to his memory made, me a little
slightly jealous. But concealing my feel
ings, I asked as unconcernedly as possible
—' well, who was Juan 3 '
Juan 1' replied the dear widow, Juan?
why, he was my husband !'
Farewell, orange flower wreaths, white
lace veils, and so on—farewell; ideas mat
rim6tial. Harry Buttons de Button
vale, marry a bull-fighter's widow ! By
the shadow of my respectability, never !'
c Juanita, I never can be thine !' said
I, in a burst of feeling.
.Ay. Cqrambu I but, you will see me
home in•a carriage when I arrive at Mad
rid, won't you asked the. widow.
* * * *
I did—and she gave me the slipper.'
A SENSIBLE GIRL.—The Madison
(Wis;) Patriot says that a feW days since
a couple of young folks called on Esquire
F. and after considerable hesitation, re
quested to be united in the holy bonds
of matrimony,' which request the Squire
at once proceeded to comply with. -The
girl from the lateness of , the how.; and the
peculiar nature of the oalli thought some
explanatioth neocessary, and so very inno
cently remarked,- 4 We came frem: Colum
bia County to attend the fair, but finding
the -taverns all- full, - _and no place for
Aleok to sleep, we concluded to. get mar
ried, so be could. sleep With me !'
A. Widow lady, sitting by a cheer-
Id fire, in a meditative mood, shortly after
he I:timbal:bre decease; sighed out
4 Poor fellow—hoW he did like a good.fire
I hope he has gone where they keep good
fires !'
117" A little fellow one day non-plussed
'his- mother by • making the following in-
Rain , •••4Xother, if a man is •a‘mister,
ain't s' woman' a
=MI=
nwearalatear ADDRESS.
PRESIDENT UNCOLN.
..FELLOW - CITIZJINS Or THE IIdthisOSTATZS:
In complituride with a - ctistoin'as bid as the .
government itself, I appear:before you to
address you briefly., and to take in your
preserice,the,oath .prescribedliy the,Con
stituticin of the , United States, to be taken
by the President before he'enters on the
execution of his office.-
I do, not consider it necessary-at preicent
for me to discusii those matters of ,iy:lnsin
istration about. which there is no special
anxiety - or sllcitement. ;Apprehension
seems to exist antong the people of the
Southern States that, by the accession of
a RePnblicaii administration, their` prop- -
erty and their peace, and personal securi
ty are to be endangered.
There has never -been any reasonable
cease for such an apprehension - . • Indeed,
the, most staple evidence to the. contrary
has all the while existed and been - open to
,
their inspection. It is found in nearly all
the pabhshed , speeches of him who now
addresses you:_,
I do but quote from. one of these speech
es when :I declare that I have no purpose,
directly or indirectly, to interfere with the
institution of Slaiery in the States where
it exists. I believe I have no lawful right to
do so, and I have no inclination to'do so.—
.Those who nominated and elected me, did
so with the full knowledge that I had made
this, and many similar declarations, and
had never recanted them; and, more than
this, they placed in the' platform for my
acceptance, as a law to themselves and to
me, the .clear and emphatic resolution
which I now read: • -
" Resoltxd, That the maintenance, inviolate, of
the rights of the States; and especially of the right
of each State to order and control its own domestic
institutions according to its own judgment exclu
sively, is -essential to that balance of power on
which the perfection and endurance of our political
fabric depend; and we denounce the lawless inva
sion by an armed force of the soil of any State or
Territory, no matter under what pretext, as among
the gravest of crimes."
I now reiterate these sentiments, and in
doing so, I only press upon the public at
tention the most conclusive evidence of
which the case is susceptible, that the prop
erty, peace and security of no section are
to be in anywise endangered by the new,
incoming administration.
' I add, too, that all the protection which,
consistently with the Constitution and the
laws, can be given, will be cheerfully giv
en to all the States, when' lawfully de
manded, for whatever cause, as cheerfully
to one section as to another.
There is much controversy about the de-
livery of fugitives from service or labor.
The - clause I now read is . as plainly writ
ten in the Constitution as any other of its
provisions :
" No person' held to service; or labor in one State,
under the laws thereof, escaping into another, shall,
in consequence of any law or regulation therein, be
discharged from such service or labor, but shall be
delivered up on claim of the party to whom such
service or labor may be clue."
It is scarcely questioned that this pro
vision was intended by those who made it
for the reclaiming of what we call fugi
tive slaves ; and the intention of the law
giver is the law. All members of Congress
swear their support to the whole constitu
tion—to this provision as much as to any
other. To the proposition then, that slaves
whose cases come within the terms of
this clause "'shall be delivered up," their
oaths are unanimous. Now, if they would
make the effort in good temper, could
they not with nearly equal unanimity
frame and pass a law by means of which
to keep good that unanimous oath?
There is some difference of opinion
whether this clause should be enforced by
national or State authority ; but surely
that difference is not a very material one ;
if the slave is to be surrendered, it can be
of but little consequence to him, or to
others, by which authority it is done, and
should any one, in any case, be content that
his oath shall go unkept, on &merely un
substantial controversy as to , :how it shall
be kept?
Again, in any law upon this subject,
ought not all the safeguards of liberty
known in civilized and humane jurispru
dence to be introduced, so that a free man
may not be in any case surrendered as .a
slave? And might it not be well at the
same time to- provide by law for the en
forcement of that clause in the Constitu
tion which guarantees that the "citizens
of each State shall be entitled to all the
privileges and immunities of citizens in
the several States ?"
I take the official oath to-day with no
mental reservations, with no purpose to
construe the. Constitution or laWs by any
hypercritical rules ; and while I do not
choose now to specify particular acts to
Congress as proper to be enforced, I .do
suggest, that it will be much safer for all,
both in official and private stations, to con
form to, and abide by all those acts which
stand unrepealed, than to violate any of
them, trusting to find impunity in hav
ing them held-to be unconstitutional.
It is scarcely seventy-two years since the
first inauguration of a President under our
national constitution. During that period
fifteen different and greatly distinguished
citizens have, in succession, administered
the executive branch of the government.
They have conducted it through many
perils, and generally with great success;
yet, with all this scope for precedent, I now
enter upon the same task for the brief
constitutional term of four years, under
great and-peculiar difficulties.
A disruption of the federal Union, here
tofore only menaced, is now formidably
attempted. I hold that, in contemplation
Of the universal sentiment and of the Con-
stitution, the union of these States is per
petual. Perpetuity is implied, if not ex
pressed, in the fundamental laws of all na
tional governments
It is safe to assert that the Government
proper never had a provision in its organic
law for its own termination. Continue to
execute all the express provisions of our
national Constitution and the Union will
endure forever—it being impossible to de
stroy it, except by some action not pro
vided for in that instrument itself.
Again, if the United States be not a
government proper, but an association of
States in the nature of a contract merely,
can it, as a contract, be peaceably unmade
by less than all the parties who made it?
One party to the contract may violate it,
break it, so to speak, but does it not re
quire all to lawfully rescind it? ,
'Descending from these general princi
ples, we find the proposition that in legal
contemplation the Union is perpetual,
confirmed by the history of the Union it
self. The Union is much older than the
Constitution. It was formed in part by
the articles of association in 1774. It was
matured and continued by the Declaration
of Independence in 1776, It was further
matured, and the faith of all the then thir
teen States expressly plighted and engag
ed, that it-should be perpetual, by the Ar
ticles of Confederation in 1778-- , and, final
ly', in 1789 One, of the declared objects for
ordaining and establishing the Constitution
was " to,fortn'alnore perfect Union;" but,
if destruction of the 'Union by one or by
part only of the States be lawfully possible,
the. Union is lesS than before the COnSti
tution, having lost -the vital element of
'perpetuity.
It follows .from these views that no
• State, upon its own mere motion, can law
fully get out of the Union that resolies
or, ordinances to that effect are legally
void ; and that acts of violence within any
State or. Siges.agairtstibte artthoritypf the
United Stites, are insurrectionary or rev°a
lutiortal, aecording to circumsttuices.:
Afterafo**Ni.ter"Mit;in Tie". IT,Ofttke
I==l====
-- P.onstitutk4i , and•iiiiiwi, - ,ilio „Erni - on:is un- 1 in, acopmunity,where the" Moral sense of
broken ;.and - to the:extent - 6fmy ability T"I the peopleAmpfirfeetly sappertslthe.litir,
`shall take care, adthe • Constitution ; iieof - 4 itselt?` The'great hody - of the people abide_
tr
expressly. enjoinun me, that - the-laws ofni - Wthcatikklegakobligations: m:both.;m* ~
the . Union be ' faithfidly eleented' in -ally) and few break over hi ! each. This Ithink
the States. Doing this I demi to be only I .. eannot y beerfectly cured, and _ it would
-
a simple duty, on My - part, and I shall per- - . , be worse in - both cases after
form „it sq. far as practicable N unless. my . of the seaioiisthiinNifcire. ' • • ,
rightful masters,: the American peOple,,c - The foreign slave trade; now imperfect
shall Withheld the , requlalte means, ori in ..,1 jy - suppressed, would be ultimately revived
some authoritative manner, direct the con-, 1 . . without restriction. in one. section ; while
wry.. - . _
•
'trust this will not be regarded a men
ace, but only as a declawed purposethat as
to the Union, I will
.constitiftionally de
fend and maintain it. •• In doing thifs there, ;
need be no bloodshed or violence;' and .
there shall belfone unless it.be forcectup
on, the national authority. The power con
fided to xn,ci•will_txs'USed to hold, occupy
and possess -the , property and • places be
longMg to the . govenipaent-and3o Collect.
the duties on imports;`. Wend what
May be . necessary for 'these objects, there
will 'l3 - 45 •no inimsion, - no;:uaing of force
against' or among the people anywhere.
Where hostility to'the United States in
any interior loeality iliall,be Bosnia and
so universal as to prevent competent res
ident citizens from bolding federal'offices,
there will be no attempt to force obnox
ious strangers among the people for that
object. While the strict legalright may ex
ist in the government to enforce, the ex
ercise of these offices; the attempt to do so.
would benso irritating, and so nearly im
practicable withal, that I deem it better
to forgo for a time the uses of such offices.
The mails, unless repelled, will continue
to be furnished in' all parts of the Union so
far as possible. • The ,people everywhere
shall haVe'that sense of perfect security'
which the most favorable and calm thought
and reflection on the part of the Govern
ment can give them. The course here in
dicated will be followed, unless current
events and experience shall show a modi
fication or change to be proper, and in ev
ery case and exigency my best discretion
shall be exercised, according to circum
stances actually existing, with a view and
hope of a peaceful solntion of the national
troubles, and the restoration of fraternal
sympathies and affections.
That there are persons in one section or
another who seek to destroy the Union at
all events, and are glad of any pretext to
do it, I will neither affirm or deny; but if
there be such, I need address no word to
them: To those, however, who really love
the Union may I not speak, before enter
ing upon so'grave a matter as the deatruc
tion of our national fabric, with all its ben
efits, memoties-and hopes? Would ityfot
be wise to ascertain. reviously why We'do
so? Will you hazard so desperate a step
while there is any possibility that any por
tion of the ills you fly frail have no real,
existence? Will you, w he certain ills
you fly to are greater than all the unreal
ones you fly from? Will you risk the com
mission of so fearful a mistake?
All profess to be content in the 'Union,
if all constitutional rights can be ain
ed. Is it true, theii, that any ri. aly
written in the Constitution hy e
nied ? I think not. Happily, th, .... an
mind is so constituted that no party can
reach to the audacity of doing this.—
Think, if you can, of a single instance in
which a plainly written provision of the
Constitution has ever been denied.
If by the mere force of numbers, a major
ity should deprive a minority of any clear
ly written constitutional right, it might in
a moral point of view justify a revolution.
It certainly would if such a right were a
vital one. But such is not our case; all
the vital rights of minorities and of individ
uals are so plainly assured to them by af
firmations and negations, guarantees and
prohibitions in the Constitution, that con
troversies never arise concerning them.—
But no organic law can be framed with a
provision specifically applicable to every
question which may occur in the practical
administration. No foresight can antici
pate, nor any document of reasonable
length contain, express provisions for all
possible questions.
Shall fugitives from labor beKsurrentler
ed by national or State authority? The
Constitution does not expressly say. May
Congress prohibit slavery in the Territo
ries ? The Constitution does not express
ly say. Must Congress protect slavery., in
the Territories ? The Constitution does
not expressly say.
From questions of this class spring all
our constitutional controversies, and we
divide upon them into majorities and mi
norities. If the minority will not acquiesce,
the majority must, or the government
must cease. There is no other alternative
for continuing the government but acqui
escence on the one side or the other. If
a minority in such case will secede rather
War • dcquiesce, they make a precedent
which, in turn,, will divide and ruin them
—for a minority of their own will secede
from them whenever a majority refuses to
be controlled by such a minority.
For instance, why may not any portion
of a new Confederacy, a year or two hence,
arbitrarily secede again, precisely as por
tions of the present Union now claim to
secede from it? All who cherish disunion
sentiment are now being educated to the
exact temper of doing this. Is there such a
perfect identity of the interests among the
States to compose a new Union as to pro
duce harmony only, and prevent renewed
secession? Plainly, the central idea of
secession is the essence of anarchy.
A majority, held in restraint by consti
tutional checks and limitations, and al
ways changing easily with the deliberate
changes of popular opinions and senti
ments, is the only true sovereign of a free
people. Whoever rejects it does, of neces
sity, fly to anarchy or to despotism. The
rule of a minority, as a permanent arrange
ment, is wholly inadmissible; so that re
jecting the majority principle, anarchy
and despotism, in some form, are all that
is left.
I do not forget the position assumed by
some, that Constitutional questions are to
be decided by the Supreine Court ; nor do
I deny that such decisions must'be bind
ing in any case I.ipon the parties to a suit,
as to the object of that suit, while they
are also entitled to very high respect and
consideration in, all parallel cases, by-all
other departments of the government; and
while it is obviously
. possible that sudh de
cision must be erfoopoos in any given 'cake,
still the evil effect following it being limit
ed to that particular case, with the chance
that, it may be overruled and never be-
come a precedent for other cases, can be
better borne than could the evils of a dif
ferent practice.
At the same time the candid citizen Must
confess that if the policy of the govern
ment, upon vital questions affecting the
whole people, is to be irrevocably fixed hy
the decisions of the Supreme Court; thein
stant they are made in ordinary litigation
between parties, in personal actions, the
people will have ceased to be their own oil
ers—having to that extent practicalry -re
signed their government into the hands of'
that eminent, tribunal.' • •
Nor, is thereintl*i'yfew any assault up
on the Court or the Judges? It is a duty;
from which:they, may not shrink h to decide'
cases_properly
_brought before them,. and
it is;_no .fault . of 'theirs .if others:seek to'
turn-theirdecisions to
. political purposes:'
One liectiOn Of our country: believesiSle
'very is right- and ought •to-be extended,
while the , other believes it isrovrong'and
(meat: not to be extended, :This is: the
only substantial disputa,
Thafagitive slave elapse of the Constitu
tion', and the' lain .for: the i sappteisioix of
thaloteiga slave trades are esahtarwell
;:07.4*IldifeeOlis**** 4.Pr. evettili,be
, 17 •
Owe slaves now only:partially surren
.
dered; would not be surrisndeied at all by , ,
:the other. J • . - '•: • •
•Rhytrically spearing re cannot separ!O.
-Wc,can not. remove, our, respective seotions
from each other nor build an impassable
Wall' betNiettri'theinl A husband and wife
may be -divorced 'and go out of the_V - re-'
, sence• and beyond the reach of taw* other,-
but the different parts °Lour country can
, , .
not do this. They cannot but'rernalp face
to face, and an intercourse, either arnica
bleni hostile; must continue between them::
Is it possible then to - make this inter-,'
course more advantageous or more eatiim
factory_after separating than before? Can
aliens make treatiesoasier than frjends can
make laws? Cantreaties be more faithful:
ly enforced between aliens than laws a—
mong friends ? SuppOse you go to war, you r ,
cannotfight always, and when after much`
loss on both sides and no gain on' either,
you cease fighting, the identical old ques
tions as to terms of intercourse are again-4
upon you.
This country, with its institutions, be
longs to the people who inhabit it. When
ever they shall grow weary of the existing
government, they can exercise , their con
stitutional right of *lending it, or their -
revolutionary right to dismember or over
throw it. ' .
I cannot be ignorant of the fact that
many worthy and patriotic citizens are de
sirous of having the, national Constitution
amended. While I make no recommen
dations of amendments, I fully recognize
the rightful authority of the. people over
the whole subject--to be exercised in
either of the modes prescribed in the in
strument itself; and I should, under ex
isting circumstances, favor rather than op
pose a fair opportunity being afforded the
people to act upon it. I will venture to
add that to me.the convention mode seems
prefera.ble, inasmuch as it allows the a-
Oiendment to originate with 'the people
themselves;-instead of permitting them to
take or ;eject a-ppeposition originated by
others; not `espbcially chosen for the pur
poie, and which might not be precisely
such as they would wish to either accept
or refuse. .
I understand a proposed amendment, to
the constitution, which amendment how
ever I have not seen, has passed Congress
to the effect that the Federal Government
shall never interfere with the domestic in
stitutions of the States, including that of
persona : held to, fic'rvio* To avoid a mis
construction of what E haveAaid, I depart
from my-purpose not , to speak of particu
ler amendruents'so as to say, that hold
ing such alir4irision to be now implied as
constitutional law, .I -have no objection to
its being made express and irrevocable.
The chief magistrate derivesall,his au
thority from
,;the people, and they have
conferred none upon him to fix times for
the separation of the States. The people
themselves cari do this also if they, choose,
but the Execdtive,RB such, has nothing to
do with it.. - Elie duty is to administer the
present , government as it came to his
hands-, and to transmit it unimpaired by
him, to' his siip.cessor.
Why shOuld; there not be a patient con-
.
fulence in the ultimate justice of the peo,
ple ? 'ls there 'any, better 'or equal hope
in the' world?" In otir . present differences,
is either party with-Out falth of being in
the right? If the:Altnighty Euler of na
tions-with his eternal truth and justice be
'on yotir side of the North, 'or on yours of
the Soutlii that, truth and - that justice will
surely 'prevail by . the judgment of the
great tribunal of the-American people
By the frame of the.government under
which we live, Phis sanilovople have wise
ly given their public serv'ant's but little
power for mischief, and have with equal
wisdom provided for the return of that
little to their own hands at very short in
tervals.
- While the people retain their virtue and
vigilance, no administration by any ex
treme wickedness or folly can very seri
ously injure the Government in the short
space of four years.
My Countrymen—one and all—think
calmly and well upon this whole subject.
Nothing valuable can be lost by taking
time. If. there be an object to hurry any
of you in hot haste, to a step which you
would never take deliberately, that object
will be frustrated by taking time, but no
good object can be frustrated by it.
Such of you as are now dissatisfied still
have the old Ponstitution unimpaired,
and on the•sensitive point, the laws of
your Own framing= under it; while the
new Administration will have no immedi
ate power, if it wanted, to change either. If
it were admitted that you who are dissat
isfied hold the right side in the dispute,
there still is no single good reason for pre
cipitate action. Intelligence, patriotism,
christianity, and a firm reliance on Him
who has never yet forsaken this favored
land, are still competent to adjust in the
best way all our present difficulties.
In your hands, my dissatisfied country
men, and .not in mine, is the momentous
issue of civil war. The government will
not assail you—you can have no conflict,
withdut being yourselves the aggressors.
You have no oath registered in Heaven
to destroy the Government, while I shall
have the most solemn one to " preserve,
protect and defend". it.
I am about to close. We are not ene
mies but friends. - We must not be ene
mies. Though passion may have strained,
it must not break our bonds of affection.
The mystic chords of memory, stretching
from every b'attlefield and patriot grave, to
every loving heart and hearthstone all over
this broad land, will yet swell the chorus
of. the Union, when again touched, as
they surely will be, by the better angels of
our nature.
" A Touch of Nature Makes the
Whole World Kin."
On board - the bteamer Ocean, between
Cleveland and Detroit; a-circumstance oe
outredlately which is, pleasantly told by a
coriespondent of the Cleveland Herald..
young girl, apparently about 17 years
of age; was seated'upou a pile of cheese.
boxes, with het 'two little brothers, aged
11 and I.g years. ' Thhy were orphans,
bound from Allegheny, I"ennsylvania, to
Michigan,' where they expected to find a
home with an uncle. - • , '
After having • purchased: second.olass
tickets for the three, the' girl had 'spread
her old quilt on the pile of cheese boxes,
and prepared to pass the'night in quietude.
She had hardly arranged her nest, hoivoliver,
before illiiiiiiiiiiciideWd*ififered by a
second-claeS passenger, : a tall' young man
of 23 yearsorka had loyed her in secret
almOst fesui inAtici,‘Mid who, for. the
past two years, had been rafting lumber'en
the Ohie — rivef. irtiiiitg - acquired about
two hutidred dollars' in hard ounenify;l he
IMMO to Ohmalattd Ott the tenth to paitioi.
pate in:,thep gelebration, _when as he ex.
pressed itv94olPo ineaniminklmid -picked
his pocket okeyery darned cent but ,fonr
m em - tin - lige - to find tbh „*, the.
MMM
4 ,t . f:1,P'. - `. , V . : _cif}
'• •
_l i i
money,: he had Martell for theAreattlioith
:the determaation - ta:bire ent.,es.4l firm.
To hietnuvrise andjoy he handl Woolf
en board the same vesaebvititthe o , llloof
hifateut!a earjieat n_ffeetiono.
Sliding up:to, er, he.Wii l 4 l /kAt , .mi
i
g
Why, Cynthia •!fin!),l:,AY:h_f"tidit you
do! 'didn't hardly know your Why. ow
you ve,growa. Where are yousoing,
4 I'm' going to uncle ' s, 'in biiiiiigi(n,'
was ihe feeble reply, $ ramikciiiik - biother
was dead, didn't you r ' . . : : n; '''`
• 6 Why no :' and his voieb":'ilofteniid.
When, did she Ilie;qyittbikAnnt l
6 She died last January! :Uncle Trete
to me. that if I'd come up *ere lie'4 eve
me and the boys a h0me.',.,..,.,,
6 Cynthia Ann !' and , the yOung ,piel's
role° trenihed -- -- there '
ain't n o man'll u be
- so glad' to give you a home as I *lll r rye
alters thought li heap'of you Fl_told Your
mother when yon wasn't' MOIVEI ' 0 1 'high,
that whenyou'groiteil up I was goite. to
have you. Now, 'Cynthia Anni jeat-say
the word, and you're to hum nom.!' ,, , ,-
i Whatql_benome of the boys 'l' inquired the agitated maiden. , . ;: •(
6 Pll go with you, and leave 4 ,6l4,ta your
imeleli, and then we'll go West and hire
out, this . ; fall , and winter, and then
.next
spring we'll buy a small farm and" lin, to
hum ! ,
The girl gave a;warm sigh of acceptance,
leaned her head against the honest - 'breast
of the 'hardy youth, as much as to say4if
you want anything, take it.
The man snatched a kiss from her Abe,
ruby lips, sprang dawn from the loheese
boxes and exclaimed : clf there's a
minister or justice of the peace on this
boat, I've got a job for him !'
4 I am a justice of the peace,' remarked
a venerable looking old man from -York
State,
remount the cheese boxes, and you
shall be a married man in less than five
minutes.' _ _ -
Well, hold oni squire I haiti't got no
j
money, but I'll give you an all ofired
good axe.'
'Never mind about the pay,' said the
worthy 'squire, I'll take my pay in seeing
you happy.'
The fellow remounted the pile of cheese,
clasped, the hands , of his dearly beloved,
and in three minutes the ceremony, ,vyas
performed—he had entered into a new ex
istence. Kissing his little bride once on
her' ruby lips, he seated himself on a big
cheese, and commenced; no doubt, for the
first time' to realize what he was, what he
had done, and what ought and must be
done.
Starting up suddenly, he exclaimed,
half aloud, to himself, Well, by hokey,
this is a pretty hard way of passing the
first night!'
The bride blushed and replied, c Never
mind, John, we are just as happy as if we
were rich. Come sit down.
But John had an idea, and he was
bound to put it in operation. Going to
his pile of baggage, consisting of one large
meal bag, containing a change of shirts
nooks, neckerchief, and old boots, he took
from the leg of one of the boots an excel
lent axe, and walking up to the clerk's
office, he exclaimed—
, I say, look here,Cap'n, I've paid-for a
deck passage, but want a bed for myself
and w—i--self.. I haint got no money,
but here is an all joftred good axe.'
The gentlemen in the office replied that
the clerk had stepped out, but would be
back in a few moments ; whereupon the
man went book to the pile' of cheese •to
look at his precious treasure.
Having our sympathies aroused, we
hastily ran among the passengers,". told
the story, and took up a collection to
cure a state-room for the young c6riple.—
To the credit of our lady passengers, they
were the most liberal in their donations,
and in less than ten ,minutes we -had col
lected $14.92. Presenting this surri,to
the agreeably astonished: young 'man, we
informed him that he could now progord a
stateroom with two beds One. kidi for solf
and wife, the other-for, the hops. Thank
ing us with his big watery eyes, he 'lashed
to the clerk's office,where he was met by
Capt. Piered, - "agent Of the 1in0:3,-04ot.
Evans, commander of the boat, and Mr.
Carter, the clerk.
Capt. Pierce exclaimed— , Here, my
good fellow, here's a ticket for yourself
and, wife to go to Chicago. Get West
as fast as you can ; go to work on alarm,
and look out for the land sharks' '
Capt. Evans pulled out a glitteririg
coin and said • here's five dollars Keep
yourself in good condition, and—' . .here
the worthy captain forgot his speeeh and
ran off laughing.
The clerk, Mr. Carter, handed them_au
a key, and said, You are welcome to one
of the best staterooms on the borit. It
has two beds, one for yourself and wife,
the other for the boys.
Capt. Evans having returned, exolaim
ed-4 Give the boys another- room ! -They
haint no business in therm. 'They- - haint
no business'—here he broke down With
laughter again, and hurried sway to .give
orders on the,., boat._ The
.4?.0414, now
retired to tbeir sumptAesios i Apartmrth i pt
happy as mortals are
this earth, and th.epiesenge
knots to praise -the' liberality_of
earned, and the eomioaroddity-Of Capt.
Evans.
THE. LANCASTER • INTELLIGENCER
• JOB PRINTING ESTABLISHMENT
No. & NORTH DUKE SERSICT, LANOASTER t , PA..
The, Jobbing Department hi 'thortrtighlY thrill' W with
tiny and elegant type of eltory deecripttori; Wattle under
the charge of a practical and experienced AO Print
The:Proprietors are prepared to • • .
PRINT °FLECKS, .
NOTES, LEGAL BLANKS,
CARDS AN-O. 01:11= 4 - 112,
BILL READS AND HANDS:ELLS ,
• PROEM& ANDPOSTERS,
PAPER SOOKSAyD PAMPHLETS, .
ALL TICKETS - AND INNTPATIONS,
PRINTING IN COLORS AND PLAIN PRINTING,„
-with neatneee, 'accuracy and diepatch. on the most rearms
- Me terms, and In a manner not excelled' .b 7 ant aananish
went In tiMcity.
.Orders tram a. distancl, hi nutfl: orrettier*ra,
promptly attended ", Address o i r SOIE, • ...;BANDERS
InPADlPlucer
No .1 Nortti Doke 'street, Damao . ft.
- .
cpicir.s sPiows lipzeills.ift 7
NO. - 1 GROUND PEPPER.- •.•
GINGER. 9INNAMOI‘ALISPX OI ,-OLOYS B .
AMERICAN AND.ENOWS/ 1 MUSTARD.
CAYENNE PEPPRR; NUTMEGS; MAO& '
SOP. -OARS. SODA, SALTRETRA D4,l•ll)4lMkr.
BAL. SODA,INDIGO.
; CIARAWAY..AND OORIANDKR; , REED.- 3St 41511:7
ABEITON. DAIRY AND GROUND SALT, 46„ ,
Tor uleid the Eagielfilky NC-244 kidlDßltietlifiti Ist
skeet, omen of New, Edladelphie,... r
Purchasers will end it. Useetly td4lssir intlesed, boltb
in quality end saki to buy these goo ;Which are wer
rented ea Represented or forldted. • 4 triaLiteolkitetk:l)
(i IP A k - 11111_4:11 •
have reordtedriliiit4o**ahlitlailleCtid
204WarahcasealintralmtillAigailftr a
and Corn Fodder' Outten
Chopping Mlll,witlr PruIIePWVAPPMI OIII OOI I 4O I
Ploughs aid :Plough Cretl?Ill!;, Xurk :Conair mop,
Ciairspikmat • 84 " ,
armors ere invited lo &ems 1ef34 0. uukerouututse .
Uhrolg iii *la iell it the likelgtekesi•
&
alai doer totaiimelher .
oett r.: topm
'3 , J ". e! . ..Z .
MIEN]
C:2T
ion "gt)(i.e. •