Stye Cancaeter Intelligencer
OEO. BASBERSON, EDITOR.
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LANCASTER, PA., JULY 19, 1859;
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DEMOCRATIC STATE NOMINATIONS
AUDITOR GENERAL:
RICHARDSON L. WRIGHT, Phllada.
SURVEYOR GENERAL:
JOHN ROWE, Franklin.
THE GREAT BATTLE IN ITALY
We invite attention to the letter from the
battle field of Solferino, written by Mr. Ray
hond, one of the editors of the New York
Times t and published in that journal. It is a
vivid aooount from an intelligent eye-witoeeß
of many inoidents of one of the most tremen
dous oonfiiote whioh the Italian peninsula,
fertile rb it haß always been of battle for more
than two thousand years, has over seen. From
it we learn that the French and Sardinian
loss, in killed and readied
25,000 men. An equal number of Auetriuus
were, doubtless, placed hors de combat; and
thus, not less than FIFTY THOUSAND MEN
in all lost their lives and were disabled on
that bloody battle field 1 The result was a
viotory for the allies, but so dearly bought as
to disable them from pursuing the Austrians
who retreated aoross the river Minoio in good
order. The Austrians Btate their loss at 220
officers and 9,000 privates, killed and wounded,
and 4,000 missing—in all 13,230. This, also,
is doubtless a greatly underrated account
Later intelligence states that seven or eight
of fhe Austrian Generals were wounded, and
Gen. Gresche killed, and as many of the
French and Sardinians. It is also stated that
Beveral of the French Infantry regiments were
nearly cut lo pieces, and that the Piedmontese
suffered so severely as to be incapable of
forming in the line of battle.
Take it altogether it was one of the most
destructive battles of modern times; but the
whole extent of the loss on either side will
not be known until the facts are brought to
light by the impartial historian of after years.
THE LATEST FROM EUROPE.
By the Weser, which arrived at New York
on Friday night, we have two days later news
from Europe—but nothing important except
French official report of the great battle of
Salferino. From this we learn that the loss
of the French army amounted to 12,000 rank
and file, killed and wounded, and 720 officers
horse de combat, of whom 150 were killed
outright. The loss of the Sardiniau army
was still proportionally greater —no less than
49 officers killed and 167 wounded, 642 sub
officers and privates killed, 3,409 wounded,
and 1,258 missing a total of 5,525 ; or an
aggregate of 18,245 in the allied army. The
loss was probably much more severe than is
here admitted. 25,000 would doubtless be
nearer the mark.
It was stated in some of the late news from
the seat of War that both Marshal Baraguay
d'Hilliers and General Niel, of the French
army, were killed; but as the official report
is silent on the subject, we presume such is
not the case. They would be a great loss, as
they are two of the best Generals in the
Emperor's service.
Both armies, at the latest accounts, were
evidently preparing for another, and perhaps
yet more bloody, encounter.
SOUND SENTIMENTS
The letter of Hon. R. C. Winthrop against
> further slavery agitation bas been followed by
*a letter from Hon. W. C. Rives, in which he
says:
The subject of domestic slavery has no
proper oonneotion with our national politics.
Its general regulation is admitted by all to be
exclusively within the domain of State laws
and State Constitutions. The few questions
with regard to it that oun come within the
provinoe of the general government, nro
settled, onoe for all, by the Constitution of the
United States, and have received a praotioal
solution in the natural oourse of events,
whioh leaves no longer any motive of interest
or duty, either to the non slavehulding or the
slavoholding States for their continued agita
tion. Every dictate, on the contrary, of
wisdom and patriotism, demands that a con
tention, fraught with so much peril to the
existence of the Union itself, as well as
threatening dangerous reactionary conse
quences to the parties and interests concerned
in it, whether at the North or the South,
should oease, and give place to the calm
consideration of other and more legitimate
and urgent questions, on which the political
freedom and happiness of the whole country
depend. These vital national questions caD
be brought to a safe and happy issue only by
fcho cordial co-operation of patriotic men in
every seotion of the confederacy—a co-opera
tion hopeless, as all must see, while an inter
necine controversy is waging on a sensitive
and peculiarly exciting question, of which
the necessary effect, if not the purpose, is to
array section against section in habitual and
unrelenting strife.
J9* Hon. JAMEsGAMBLEhas been appointed
by the Governor President Judge of the
Lycoming Judicial district, to fill the vacancy
occasioned by the decease of Judge Burnside.
J9“The President of the U. States was to
leave Washington on yesterday, on his annual
.visit to the Bedford Springs. He is expected
to be absent from the seat of government some
two or three weeks. Miss Lane accompanies
bim.
19* The Sapreme Court of Pennsylvania
have deoided that it is incumbent on owners
of mills, factories, tanneries, &c M situated on
streams, to keep the dust, Bhavings, tan, bark,
Ac., out of the same. Any deposit of these,
renders them amenable for damages.
A*t)ESERYiNG Notice. —Wo take pleasure
in re-publishing the following notice of the
. Advertising Agenoy of Messrs. Pettengill &
Co., whioh appeared recently in a New York
journal. It expresses the opinion' we have
formed from our own business relations with
that enterprising house, and we believe it will
be endorsed by the press throughout the
country:
S. M. Pettengill & Co.— The New York
Advertising Agency. —We learn that the
business of this enterprising house, in the
advertising line, throughout the United States
and Canada, has been far from a limited one
the past year, notwithstanding the general
reduction of thiß line of expenditure among
the merchants of the country. We have been
informed that the New York city contracts
alone with Pettengill & Co., for general adver
tisements, during the past twelve months,
will amount to the Bum of two hundred thous
and dollars, a proof that New Yorkers,, after
all, are not frightened at'the apathy of buyers,
and though there may be periods of dullness!
it is no reason that a man must
take his sign down and dose hie shutters:
the motto naß been—“ Keep up your busi*
neBB notice.” Confidence in this particular
oharaoter of the men composing
this firm, and the rule of promptness which
governs their settlements with newspapers
°? l ono an d thoir sugaoious ohoioo
of those newspapers whioh will bo most
advantageous for their advertising patrons on
tno other, may bo ono explanation of tho
S resent high position of Pottongill & Co, in
le lino they aro in; at all ovonts, thoso who
ttavo ooposlon to put tho aorvioos of this agenoy
in requisition will find them prompt, honor
able and responsible.
Hon, Rufus Ohoato of Massachusetts,
died at Halifax, of disease of the heart, on the
12th Inst. •
tt AMERICAN REPUBLICANISM.”
Only five short years have passed away,
since a new political organization, known as
the Know Nothing Order, sprang up in this
country—first commencing with the Yankees,
as all political and religious isms do. It was
bound together by solemn oaths, obligations
and penalties, and was secret and hidden in
all its movements; Its avowed objects—when
forced to avow them—were a radical change
and an unreasonable extension of the natural
ization laws, the proscription of the foreign
born and Catholic citizensof the United Stateß,
and the exclusion from the offices, honors and
trusts under the government of all except
native born Protestant Americans. The
candidatefor admission into this Order, having
first signified his willingness “to use his
influence and vote only for native-born Ameri
can citizens, for all offices of honor, trust , or
profit, in the gift of the people, to the exclu
sion OF ALL FOREIGNERS AND ALIENS, and
Roman Catholics in particular, and without
regard to party predilections,” was required
to take the following oath or obligation :
FIRST DEQUES OBLIGATION.
In the prusenco of Almighty God and these wltnuwes,
you do solemnly promlso and swoar that you will never
lotray any of tuo secrets of this sooloty, nor communicate
them even to proper candidates, except within a lawful
council of the order; and you will novor permit any of
the soorots of this society to be written, or In any other
manner to bo made legible, except for the purposo of ofllclai
Instruction; THAT YOU WILL NOT VOTE NOll GIVE
YOUR INFLUENCE FOR ANY MAN FOR ANY OFFICE
IN TIIK GIFT OF THE PEOPLE, UNLESS HE BE AN
AMERICAN BORN CITIZEN, IN FAVOR OF AMERI
CANS RULING AMERIOA, NOR IF HE BE A ROMAN
CATHOLIC; that you will, in ull political matters, so far
as this order is concerned, comply with tbo will of the
majority, though it may conflict with your personal pref
erence, so long as it does not conflict with the Constitu
tion of the United Stateß of America, or that of the State
in which you reside; that you will not, uuder any circum
stances whatever, knowingly recommend an unworthy
person for initiation, nor suffer it to be done if in yoar
power to prevent it; that you Will not, under any clrcum
stancep, expose the name of uny member of this order,
□or reveal the existence of such an association; that yoa
will answer an imperative notice issued by the proper
authority, obey the commaud of the State Council, presi
dent, or his deputy, while assembled by such notice, and
respond to the claim of a sign or a cry of the order, unless
It be physically impossible; that you will acknowledge
the State council of as the legislative head,
ruling authority, aud the supreme tribunal of the order
iu the State of acting under the jurisdiction of
the national council of the United States of America —
binding yourself in the penalty of excommunication from
the order, of forfeiture of all intercourse with its members,
and being denounced in all the societies of the same as a
wlltui traitor to your God and your country.
Bound together by this and even yet more
horrible obligations, this party swept like an
avalanche over all the Northern, and several of
the Southern States of the Union. The main
points upon which it rested its claims to
support were its opposition to the growing
power of our foreign and Catholic population;
and, by way of impressing upon the people
the magnitude ot the dangers likely to spring
from this source, they bitterly denounced the
great body of those who emigrated to this
country as “ ignorant and uninformed” —as
“paupers and criminals ” —and the Catholics
as the “ willing tools and abettors of a corrupt
and corrupting Church/’ Headed by leaders
of talent and standing, beardless boys and
weak-minded men, who had never been
deemed fit to fill the office of a Constable, or
the lowest subaltern station in a militia
company, went about the country reflecting
upon the worth and patriotism of such men as
Chief Justice Taney and Gen. Shields, and
denouncing others who, in less responsible
positions, had rendered invaluable services to
the Republic as civilians and soldiers. Whole
bodies of our Irish and German citizens
were branded as “red mouthed, beer drinking
vagabonds,” and characterized as the corrupt
tools of a treasonable Church. In their bitter
hatred to these classes of our citizens, and
their mad zeal to debase them in the eyes of
the world, and deprive them of the rights and
privileges prom sed and guaranteed to them
by the Constitution and laws of their country,
some of these politico religious fanatics even
made the streets of Louisville and Baltimore
and New Orleans, and other cities and towns
of the Union, red with their blood and the
blood of their innocent wives and children.
But these persecuted foreigners were not
without defenders. They were not left to
contend for their rights solitary and alone.—
The great Democratic party of the nation was
their shield and protection. Everywhere from
the Aroostook to the Rio Grande, with civil
and religious liberty, and equal and exact
justice to all men, no matter whero born or
what wero their religious opinions, engraven
upon tho ample lolds of its broad bannor, that
noble old party stood forth tho champion of
our adopted citizous—tho advocate of oivil aud
religious liberty. It conquered, and thoso for
whom it did battle wore socured in their lib
erty, their equality, and the enjoyment of their
rights under the Constitution.
These are all matters of history, of such
recent occurrence a 9 to be fresh in the recol
lection of all our readers. But what is the
case to-day ? Strange aB it may seem, the
denunciators and persecutors of 1854 and 1855
—for Know Nothingism and Black Republi
canism are one and the same thing—have
changed front, and now assume to be the pecu
liar friends and protectors of those whom they
so recently hated and despised. The veteran
General Cass —who never'believed the Pope
of Rome was a raw head and bloody bones,
nor the foreigners a set of “ vagabonds ” aqd
“jail birds ” —wrote a letter a few weeks ago
advising some Frenchman not to return to hie
native country during the existing in
Europe. These Know Nothing Black Repub
licans read it, re-read it, and pondered over it
for several days, and finally made the astound
ing discovery that it was shamefully unjust
to the foreigners—those men whom they had
so shortly before denounced as “ paupers,
criminals and vagabonds, the refuse of the
European population ” —and thereupon they,
kind and generous souls, became so wonder
fully excited and tremendously indignant at
the ungrateful and rascally Democracy that,
for a time, we really feared they would get up
a civil war and frighten our mothers and
wives and sisters and children out of their
tiny boots! We are glad to be able to an
nounce to our readers, however, that their
excitement and-indignation has taken a less
dangerous turn, and is now running off at the
mouth in the shape of learned disquisitions on
international law, most wise and cogent argu
ments on the duties of the Government toward
naturalized citizens, intermixed with a huge
quantity of the very softest “ blarney,” for
political effect. Indeed.it is now confidently
believed that no very serious or alarming con
sequences will grow out of the matter; the
ODly danger being that some of these over,
zealous,.eleventh hour friends of the poor for
eigner, may get a shilalah rapped over their
empty pates for thus daring to insult the hon
est, intelligent emigrant, upon whose charac
ter and standing, in both his native and
adopted country, they have heaped so ipuch
slander and abuse, with their hypocritical
cant about his rights, and their hollow sympa
thy for his wrongs.
This new fangled sympathy of the Black
Republican Know Nothings is supremely
funny and^ridicubus—so much bo, that we
think the Managers of the Arch Street
Theatre, in Philadelphia would do well to have
it dramatized as a star piece for Wheatley and
John Drew when they next appear upon its
boards; the former in tho character of John
Minor Botts or John Hickman, as tho vindi
cator of tho poor forelgnor—and tho latter as
tho improßsod “ paupor and criminal” upon
whom tho “ foreign-popish Domooraoy " had,
by moans 0 i n dangorous system of natural
ization laws, oonforrod tho rights of Amorioan
oitizonship, A oomody of this kind would
undoubtedly have tho run of the season, and
“bring down the house” in a manner that
1 would shake the old building to
foundation.
THE SATUH-AIiIZATIOIT QUESTION.
So much misapprehension prevails in refer
ence to the views of the Administration on
this question, that we embrace the opportunity
furnished by a practical case, which has
recently arisen in the kingdom of Hanover,
to refer to it again.
The case is that of a.naturalized citizen of
the United States who is a native of Hanover,-
and who, when he left his native country, was
neither in actual service in the Hanoverian
army nor had been drafted to serve in it, but
who has yet, upon his return to Hanover, been
deprived of his liberty and compelled to do
military duty.
The intervention of our Government having
thus become/necessary, the whole subject of
the rights^of our naturalized citizens has
received the renewed and careful consideration
of the President, and his views, as well as
those of his entire cabinet, upon this important
subject, will be found in the following extraot
which we are permitted to make from a
despatch transmitted a few days ago from the
Department of State to our minister at Berlin
in relation to the case referred to.
It is impossible to add anything to the
strength and clearness of this statement; and
we uro persuaded that it will meet the full
concurrence of every reflecting man in the
country '.—[Washington Constitution.
Extract of a despatch from the Department of
State to the Minister of the United States at
Berlin, dated July 8, 1859.
The right of expatriation cannot at this day
be doubted or denied in the United States.
Tho idea has been repudiated ever Bince the
origin of our Government, that a man is
bound to remain forever in the country of his
birth, and that he has no right to exercise his
free will and consult his own happiness by
selecting a new home. The most eminent
writers on public law recognize the right of
expatriation. This can only be contested by
those which the nineteenth century are still
devoted to the ancient feudal law with all its
oppression. The doctrine of perpetual allegi
ance is a relic of barbarism which has been
gradually disappearing from Christendom
during the last century.
The Constitution of the United States
recognises the natural right of expatriation,
by conferring upon Congress the power “to
establish a uniform rule of naturalization.”
Indeed, it was one of the grievances alleged
against the British King in the Declaration of
Independence, that he had “ endeavored to
prevent the population of these States—for
that purpose obstructing the laws of naturali
zation of foreigners, refusing to pass others to
encourage their migration hither,” &c., &c.
The Constitution thus clearly recognises the
principle of expatriation in the strongest
1 manner. It would have been inconsistent in
itself and unworthy of the character of the
I authors of that instrument, to hold out
| inducements to foreigners to abandon their
, native land, to renounce their allegiance to
their native government and to become citi
zens of the United States, if they had not
been convinced of the absolute and uneondi
tional right of expatriation. Congress have
uniformly acted upon this principle ever
since the commencement of the Federal Gov
ernment, They established “ a uniform rule
of naturalization” nearly seventy years ago.
There has since been no period in our history
when laws for this purpose did not exist,
though their provisions have undergone
successive changes. The alien, in order to
become a citizen, must declare on oath or
affirmation that he wiil support the Constitu
tion of the United States; and, at the same
time, he is required to absolutely and entirely
renounce and abjure all allegiance and fidelity
to every foreign prince, potentate, State or
sovereignty whatever, and particularly, by
name, the prince, potentate, State or sover
■ eignty whereof he was before a citizen.”
The exercise of the right of naturalization,
1 and the consequent recognition of the princi
ple of expatriation, are not confined to the
Government of the United States. There is
not a country in Europe, I believe, at the
present moment, where the law does not
authorize the naturalization of foreigners iu
one form or other. Indeed, in some of these
countries this law is more liberal than our
own towards foreigners.
The question, then, arises, what rights do
our laws confer upon a foreigner by granting
him naturalization ? I answer, all the rights,
privileges, and immunities which belong to a
native bom citizen, in their full extent, with
the single qualification that, under the
Constitution, “ no person except a natural
born citizen is eligible to the office of Presi
dent.” With this exception, tho naturalized
citizen from and after the date of his
, naturalization, both at homo and abroad, is
I placed upon tho very same footing with the
native citizen. lie is neither iu a better nor
a worse condition. If a native oitizon chooses
I to take up his residence in a foreign-country
for the purpose of advancing his forifcuno or
promoting his happiness, he is whilst there
bound to obey its municipal laws equally with
I those who have lived in it all their lives. He
goes abroad with his eyes open ; and if these
j laws be arbitrary and unjust, ho has chosen
|to abide by the consequences. If they are
administered in an equal spirit towards him
self and towards native subjects, this govern
ment have no .right to interfere authoritatively
in his behalf. To do this would be to violate
the right of an independent nation to legislate
j within its own Territories. If this govern-
I ment were to undertake such a task, we
might soon be involved in trouble with nearly
the whole world. To protect our citizens
against the application of this principle of
universal law, in its full extent, we have
treaties with several nations securing exemp
tion to American citizens when residing
abroad from some of theonerousdutiesrequired
from their own subjects. Where no such
treaty exists, and an American citizen has
: committed a crime or incurred a penalty for
violating any municipal law whatever of the
country of his temporary residence, he is just
j as liable to be tried and punished for his
1 offence, as though he had resided in it from
the day of his birth. If this has not been
I dune before his departure and he should
I voluntarily return under the same jurisdiction,
he may be tried and punished for the offence
upon principles of universal law. Under
such circumstances, no person would think of
contending that an intermediate residence in
his own country for years would deprive the
government whose laws he had violated of the
power to enforce their execution. The very
same principle, and no other, is applicable to
the case of a naturalized citizen, should he
choose to return to his native oountry. Id
that case, if he had committed an offence
against the law before his departure, he is
responsible for it in the same manner as the
native American citizen to whom I have
referred. In the language of the late Mr.
Marcy, in his letter of the 10th January, 1854,
to Mr. Jackson, then our charge d'affaires to
Vienna, when speaking of Tousig’s case,
“ every nation, whenever its laws are violated
by any one owing obedience to them, whether
he be a citizen or a stranger, has a right to
, inflict the penalties incurred upon the tran
gressor, if found within its jurisdiction.”
This .principle is too well established to admit
of serious controversy. If one of our native
or naturalized citizens were to expose himself
to punishment by the commission of an offence
against any of our laws, state or national,
and afterwards become a naturalized subject
of a foreign country, he would not have the
hardihood to contend, upon voluntarily
returning within our jurisdiction, that his
j naturalization relieved him from the punish
-1 ment doe to his crime; much less could he
appeal to the government of his adopted
country to protect him against his responsi
bility to the United States or any of the
States. This Government would not for a
moment listen to such an appeal.
Whilst these principles cannot be contested,
great care should be taken in their application,
especially to our naturalized citizens. The
moment a foreigner becomes naturalized, his
allegiance to his native country is severed for
ever. ne experiences a new political birth.
A broad and impassable line separates him
from his native country. Ho is no more
responsible for anything ho may say
or do, or omit to say or do, after
assuming his now character, than if ho
lmd boon born in tho United States. Should
ho return to his nativo country, ho roturns as
an Amorioan oitizon, and in no othor oharao
tor. In ordor to ontitlo his original govern
moot to punish him fur an offonoo, this must
havo boon committed whilst ho was a subjoot
and owed alleeianeo to that government. The
offence must Have been oomplete before his
expatriation. It must have been of suoh a
character that he might have been tried and
punished for it at the moment of his departure,
A future liability to serve in tho army will
not be sufficient; because, before the time can
arrive for such service, be has changed his
allegiance, and has become a citizen of the
United States. It would be quite absurd to
contend that a boy, brougtrtto this country
from a foreign • country/with his father*?*
family when but twelve years of - age aud
naturalized here, who should afterwards visit
the country of his birth when he had become
a man, might then be seized and compelled to
perform military service, because, if he bad
remained there throughout the intervening
years and his life had been spared, he would
have been bound to perform military service.
To submit to such a principle would be to
make an odions distinction between our
naturalized and native citizen. For this
reason, in my despatch to you of May 12,
1859 rand again in my letter to Mr. Hofer
of the 14th ultipio, I confine the foreign
jurisdiction in regard to our naturalized citi
zens to such of them as “ were in the army or
actually called into it” at the time they left
Prussia. That is, to the case of actual deser
tion or a refusal to enter the army after
having been regularly drafted and called into
it by the government to which at the time
they owed allegiance. It iB presumed that
neither of these cases presents any difficulty
in point of principle. If a soldier or a sailor
were to desert from our Qrmy or navy, fur
whioh offence he is liable to a severe punish
I ment, and, after having become a naturalized
| eubjeot of another oouutry, should return to
1 the United States, it would be a singular
defence for him to make that he was absolved
from his orime because, aftor its commission,
ho hsd beoome the eubjeot of another govern
ment. It would be still more strange were
that government to interpose in his behalf for
any such reason. Again, during the last war
with Great Britain, in several of the States—
I might mention Pennsylvania in particular—
the militiaman who was drafted and called
into the service was exposed to a severe
penalty if he did not obey the draft and
muster himself into the service, or, in default
thereof, procure a substitute. Suppose such
an individual, after having incurred thiß
penalty, had gone tg a foreign country and
become naturalized there, and then returned
to Pennsylvania, is it possible to imagine that
for this reason the arm of the State authorities
would be paralyzed, and that they could not
exact the penalty ? I state these examples to
show more clearly both the extent and the
limitation of rightful Hanoverian jurisdiction
in such cases. It is impossible to foresee all
the varying circumstances which may attend
cases as they may arise ; but it' is believed
that the principles laid down may generally
be sufficient-to guide your conduct.
It is to be deeply regretted that the German
governments evince so much tenacity on this
subject. It would be better, far better, for
them, considering the comparatively small
number of their native subjects who return to
their dominions after beiDg naturalized in this
country, not to attempt to exact military
service from them. They will prove to be
most reluctant soldiers. If they violate any
law of their native country dnring their visit,
they are, of course, amenable like other
American citizens. It would be a sad misfor
tune if, for the sake of an advantage so
trifling to such governments, they should
involve themselves in serious difficulties with
a country so desirous as we are of maintaining
with them the most friendly relations. It is
fortunate that serious difficulties of this kind
are mainly confined to the German States —
anu especially that the laws of Great Britain
do not authorize any compulsory military
service whatever. •
Gen. Cass’ Despatch to American Foreign
Ministers—Our Rights as Neutrals. —It is
stated that the letter of Gen. Cass to our
Ministers abroad was sent to Europe by Wed
nesday’s steamer. The letter bas not been
made public, but a Washington letter-writer
says:
“The presept manifesto lays down broad
principles which will govern us in the main
tenance of our rights as neutrals, and there
is every reason to believe that the positions now
assumed will be adopted by all the great
nations of Europe. The principal points are
of course with reference to a limitation of
articles which shall be deemed contraband of
war. The United States holds that nothing
should be embraced in this list but the direct
and immediate munitions of warfare, such as
powder, muskets, cannon, lead and saltpetre,
etc. Coal, which is the very foundation of
manufacturing and commercial transactions,
is declared by the United States not to be
contraband of war, and any attempt to con
strue it otherwise will be viewed as an en
croachment upon our commerce. So, also,
are breadstuff's not contraband of war. The
broad doctrine is also reiterated that a free
flag covers the cargo, and it is declared that
we will never yield on the privateering ques
tion.
The promulgation of this despatch will
doubtless be followed by large orders for coal
in this country, and generally will have the
effect of promoting the interests of American
shipping.
Austria maintains that coal is contraband
of war, while Franco and Russia hold to a
contrary doctrine.
Atrocious Murder. —On last evening,
about 8 o’clock, a young man named Wm, W.
Taylor, was most brutally murdered on the
pavement at the corner of Henrietta and
Light streets, by two men named George
Burke and Thomas Eaton. Burke and Eaton
were drunk, riding through the streets, and
had also been down to Lower Canton, where
the Bethel Lee street Methodist Episcopal
Sunday School were spending the day. Young
Taylor, the murdered man, was a member of
the Bethel church, and had walked down to
the wharf at the foot of Conway street to see
the steamer Lancaster return with the school
on board. After they had landed he started
for his boarding house, at George A. Summer’s,
No. 34 Henrietta street, and as he stepped on
the pavement at the corner of Light and
Henrietta streets, Thomas Eaton, who was
out of the buggy, stopped him, and demanded
that Taylor should treat. This Taylor refused
to do, whereupon Eaton struck him, knocking
him to the pavement. George Burke, who
was in the buggy, sprung out, drew a pistol,
caught Taylor by the hair, and placing the
muzzle almost to his head, firpd. The ball
entered the back part of the head, and passed
through into the brain, and Taylor fell to the
ground unconscious. Eaton and Burke
j umped into their buggy and started out Light
street, but when near Montgomery street it
upset, when they ran. Eaton was arrested
about one hour after the occurrence, and Cap
tain Woods with a number of men are
engaged in searching for Burke. Burke and
Eaton are both members of the “ Tiger Club.”
Taylor was from Accomac county, Va., where
his parents reside. He was 26 years of age,
and a shoemaker by trade. After he was shot,
he was carried to his boarding house, where
he died in a few minutes. —Baltimore Ex
change, of Wednesday.
Taking Observations from a Balloon.—A
writer dating CastelDedolo, June 20, says:
“ Id order to improve all these advantages
an expedient was adopted which is not new
indeed, but which appears now under quite
different circumstances. The brothers God
dard, of Aeronautic repute, who came out some
time ago provided with their best apparatus,
made yesterday in the afternoon their first
experiment at Castelneflolo. One of them
made an ascent in a small balloon to explore
the position of the enemy beyond the Chiese.
Having first mounted on the campanile to take
the bearings, and make himself somewhat
acquainted with the country, he entered his
little skiff and went up in the air with a
regularity which, according to those who saw
the ascent, showed he was master of his
eccentric conveyance. He rose to a height of
from 500 to TOO yards, Btopped for a minute
or so, and then descended again with as much
regularity as he had shown in ascending.”
THE EDITORS’ BOOK TABLE
NEW YORK WAVERLEY. Devoted to Refinement, Sci
ence, Literature, News, Arts, Poetry. Romance, Commerce
and Agriculture. Published weekly by Jones & Smith,
121 Nassau Btreet, New York, and 15 Brattle street, Bos
ton, at (2 per annum.
Tho New York Wavortey is one of the best, neatest and
most entertaining family papers published any where. It is
printed in folio form, on the finest quality of paper, with
handsome type, and its original and selected articles can
not ho excelled. A new feature In literary Journalism la
the publication lu the Waverluy, each week, of ono of
Bt'tmoKON’s celebrated sermons, making In all, nt the uud
of tho year, 62 sormous—worth doublo the subscription
price. The paper la of a high moral touo, and nothing
appears In Its columns which could possibly offend tho
educated, tho refined or the religious portion of tho com
munlty. We can cheerfully recommend the Waverley to
such of our readers as desire to become subscribers to a
first-dais literary paper.
UODEY'B LADY'S BOOK, for August, la more than usu
ally attractive. , The Fashion Plate and other embellish*,
moots are very floe, and cannot fall in being particularly*
pleasing to the Ladies, for whoa Godey I s * first-rate
caterer. .
CITY AND COUNTY ‘AFFAIRS.
Mysterious Affair —Two Dead Bodies
Found. —On Thursday afternoon last, about 6 o’clock, as
Mr. Metzger,-of MUlerariUe. was driving through the by
road leading from, tbs Millersvitle to the Colombia turn
pike,Cthree miles west of this city, and when within about
three hundred yards of the latter, he discovered two dead
bodies lying in tbs road. They were that of a man and
woman, the former apparently between fifty and sixty and
-the latter about forty-five years dt age.: Mr. Metzger came
to the' city and' informed-Dfputy Coroner Ditlow of the
circumstance, when be repaired to the spot, in company
with Dr. A. J. Carpenter, at 9 o’clock the same evening.—
A jury was summoned and the following facts, as we learn
from the Express, elicited:
The names of the man and woman were unknown to any
person present, though they had been seen in the neigh
borhood for several days, and were last seen alive sometime
on Thursday morning. In the examination no outward
marks of violence coaid be discovered on the person of
either, which makes the case one of peculiar mystery.
The bodies were about fifteen feet apart, the man lying
lengthwise in a broad rat, and the woman across the rut.
Four small dogs, which were seen with them for several
days, were lying on and around the bodies, aod were with
much difficulty driven away. A camp kettle was found
by the side of the read, in which there was a large flask,
ono-third full of whiskey. As no markß of violence coold
be discovered on the bodies, it was thought that they had
been poisoned, and Dr. Carpenter, at the request of the
Coroner, removed the stomachs for the purpose of analysing
their contents. There was tjot a particle of food In the
stomachs, nor the ovldenco that they had partakou of food
for several days. A small quantity of mucus matter was
all that the stomachs or bowoU cootalued.
Cue of ijbo wltncxsos at tho Inquost stated that In tho
morning he saw a young man slttlug beside the woman,
and found the man do&d some distance from them, but be
could uot Iduutlfy him.
As tho above wore about all the facts elicited on Thura*
day ulght, the coroner’s Jury reserved their verdict until
they learn tho result of the post-mortem eßamlnation. —
Three men, named John Megila, Frederick Fisher uud
Henry Qroll, were arrested late In the night, at Getz's
tavern, a short distance from whore the bodies were found,,
on suspicion of being in somo way connected with the
affair. They are now in Prison awaiting a hearing, which
takes place before the Mayor to-morrow morning.
From what we were enabled to gather from different
sources we are led to believe that the cause of death was
not from violence, bat from an overdose of the villainous
compound in the flask. The stomachs being empty, it
would not require a very large dose of strychnine—a lead
ing ingredient in the whiskey—to produce death, although
it seems a little remarkable that both should die at about
the same time.
The bodies were taken to the Poor House early on Friday
morning, and were interred in the burial ground connected
with that Institution.
Sunday School Pic Nic.— The Sabbath
School connected with St. Mary’s Catholic Church. Vino
street, will hold a Pic Nic to-day at Landis’ Woods, on the
Philadelphia turnpike, a most delightful spot about one
mile and a half from the city. Although the weather Is
piping hot, the participants will doubtless have a merry
time. Among other attractions, the Fencibles’ Band has
been engaged.
The Washington PicNic.— The Third An
nual Pic Nic of the Washington Fire Company, No. 4, comes
off at liocky Spring on Thursday next. The managers’
preparations have been on an extensive scale, and we are
satisfied that it will be the grandest and most spirited
social gathering of the season. The spot selected for the
holding of the Pic Nic is a delightful one, and should the
weather prove favorable a large concourse of people will
doubtless be present. Apropos: the Washington’s repu
tation for attention and courtesy to their visitors is pro
verbial, and this is the secret of the success which attends
all this Company’s undertakings. The music—oh! ’tis
delightful tospeakofit—will be furnished by the Fencibles*
Cornet Band aud Kefferis Orchestra The most perfect
arrangements have been made for the conveyance of visitors
to the Pic Nic grounds. Omnibuses will run from lteeso’s
City Hotel, North Queen street, every half hour during the
day. We wish our good friends of tho Washington and all
the participants in this gathering a real happy time.
Warm Weather.— Daring the early part of
last week the weather was intensely warm—the thermome
ter ranging trom 93 to 93, and in some localities at 100, in
the Bhade. The copious and refreshing rains in tho latter
part of tho weqk have somewhat modified tho temperature,
but still it remains hot enough for all useful purposes.
“ 0! for a lodge In some vast wilderness,” with ice creams
and mineral water to cool one’s parched tongue!
School Teachers Elected.— The Board of
School Directors held a meeting, at the Athenamm rooms,
on Wednesday eveniug lastr-qDd elected the following
Teachers:
Samuel W. Reigart, Priucipal of Male Secondary School,
East Ward, in place ot I. N. Peirce, resigned.
Joseph L. Amor. Third Assistant in- the Male High
School, in place of John P. McCaskey, promoted.
Miss 1\ Uathvon, re-elected to Primary School.
Corner Stone Layinc.— The corner stone
of the African Union Church, situated on Charlotte street,
between Walnut ‘and Lemon streets, will be laid at 3
o’clock, P. M., on Sunday next. Rev. Messrs. Steck, Krotel,
Thomas and others of the city clergy will assist iu the
services.
Lancaster County Bible Society.— The
regular annual meeting of this aociety will be held on
Thursday next, ut 3 o'clock, p. m., in the Moravian Church,
Mr. Hummer's.) West Orange street.
The City Schools. —The annual examina
tion of the Common Schools of this city took place durlug
last week. The examinations passsed off lu a highly crod
liable mauner to both teachers and pupils—the latter being
tested by the severest scrutiny and coming out with “tlying
colors.” These examinations havo proved the Common
Schools of the City of Lancaster to bo among the very beat
In the couutry. We are glad to loaru that so many of our
cltizouß attuudod the difioreut examinations.
School Celebration.— TLo Auntfxl Celebration of tbo
Secondary and lower classes of the High Schools took placo
on Friday morning at Fulton Uall, commencing at 0 o’clock.
The exercises consisted of recitations, a dlnlogueand music,
and the pupils acquitted themselves with much credit.—
The following was theentertalnmont offered: “Address on
Education," Alfred Ilubley; “Young America,” John
Shrelner: “Freedom in our own Koeplng," George Wolch
ans; “Extract from Dow, jr.,” Frank Lichty; “La Fayette, 1 "
David Lichty; “Pba'ton’s Drive,” Wash. Ilambright;
“Pedantry,” a Dialogue, A. Magraw, Edgar Reed, William
PiDkerton, James F. Downey. At the closo of the exer
cises, the Summer vacation was announced by Hon. A. L.
Hates, President of the School Board. The vacation closes
on the last Monday in August.
The High Schools’ Commencement.— The 7th Annual
Commencement of the High Schools took place at Fulton
Hall on Friday evening, commencing at 8 o’clock. The
Hall was crowded in every part, and the entertainment
was a great sourco of pleasure to the patrons and friends
of the Common School system present. The following was
the order of exercises :
Yocal'Music—Come with thy Lute to the Fountain.
Address—Napoleon lll.—Henry S. Dorwart.
Address—The Ravages of Time—David Rosenmiller.
Instrumental Music—ll Bravo—Duet
Essay —Flowers—Anna E. Gast.
Essay —Early Impressions—Annie C. Bundel.
Vocal Mnsic —Rain upon the Roof.
Essay—The Beauties of Natnro—Louisa A. Rosenmiller.
Essay—Where is thy Homo?—Hannah Martiu.
Essay—Friendship—Ada Reinstein.
Instrumental Music—Hunter’s Chorus —Duet.
Address—Are we Really Civilized?—Miles Rock.
Address—Physical Education—Albert Ditmars.
Vocal Music —Wild Ashe Deer—Full Chorus.
Essay—The Spirit of Song—Sue Clarkson.
Essay—Our Public Schools—Sarah H. Bundel.
Instrumental Music—Motley—Duet.
Address —Italian Independence—W. T. Wylie.
Address—lndependence of Thought in
L. Bomberger.
Vocal Music—Fairies of the Sea.
Instrumental Music—Two Fairies—Duet.
Address to Graduates—By Hon. A. L. Hayes.
Presentation of Diplomas to the Graduates.
Vocal Mnsic —Universal Medley—Full Chorus.
The graduating class numbered thirteen, six males and
6even females, as follows: Henry S. Dorwart, William T.
Wylie, David Rosenmiller, Miles Rock, Albert Ditmars,
George L. Bomberger, Sarah 11. BuDdel, Sue Clarkson,
Annie C. Bundel, Louisa Rosenmiller, Anna E. Gast, Han
nah Martin, Ada Reinstein.
Appointment of a Consul.—Our esteemed
fellow-citizen, Mr. J. J. Sprenger, of the firm of Sprznueb
<fc Westhaeffer, Booksellers and Publishers, 44 North
Queen street, has been tendered the Consulship at Dresden,
the Capital of the Kingdom of Saxony. Mr. S. is ono of
our most enterprising and intelligent business men. —
Moreover, he is a gentleman of refinement and taste, and
will bo an excellent representative of tho American char
acter at one of the most beautiful of Germany’s cities. He
is an active, zealous and enthusiastic young Democrat, and
has always been a warm admirer of the President. We
congratulate him on his good luck.
Lancaster Fencibles’ Armory, Lancaster,
July 14, 1859.—At a stated meeting of the Lancaster
Fencibles, held at their Armory, on the 11th inst., the fol
lowing resolutions were unanimously adopted:
Resolved, That the thanks of the Lancaster Fencibles aro
due and are hereby extended to the Committee of Arrange
ments of tbo late celebration of the 83rd Anniversary of
American Independence at Litiz, for their kind invitation
to participate in the observance of that day, and for their
many marks of attention daring our visit on thatoccasion.
To Messrs. Tshudy and Ranch we return our thanks for
their excellent and refreshing collation tendered us imme
diately after our arrival.
To Mr. Lichtentbaler, the gentlemanly proprietor of the
Litiz Springs Hotel, for the excellent supper which was
set before us—and for his kiudness and attention to onr
wants, during our beautiful stayJn the beautiful village of
Litiz, deserves and receives a unanimous vote of thauks.
To the citizens of Litiz, generally, the thauks of the
company aro also due for the interest and attention which
they manifested in making our visit ono of pleasure and
delight; we shall ever bold lu klDd remembrance their
approving smiles and kindly greetings.
Turnpike Election.— The following gen.
tlemou ware elected Directors of the Millport and Straiburg
Turnpike Hoad Company on Saturday last: John Muuile*
mau, Oyrui Ilorr, John lterr, Ituury Hear, Amos Ilorr,
Samuel Ourtls.
Soaldeu to Death,—On Wodnosday morn
log Inst, says Saturday's Straiburg Herald, an only child
of Mr; Alfred McCall, aged about 10 months, was accident
ally soaldod, from the effects of which ho died on Thursday
afternoon. -As usual, In auoh oases, various rumors aro
afloat as to tho manner in whloh the accident happened,
yet all agree in the statement that while his mother was
crossing the-room with a boiler of hot water, it slipped
from her hand and fell on the child's back. Qswas lmme*
dlttely-ttkeh up, a'physiclan leot for* and every effort
made to save him, but all to no purpose. The child lived
about 80 hours after the aocident r 'ana was buried yesterday
afternoon.
Fire Company Officers Elected.— At a
stated meeting of Washington Engine and Hose Company,
No. 4, held in their Hail, North Queen street, on Friday
evening last, the following officers were elected for the
ensning year:
President —Martin Sheaffar.
Vice President—Joeeph. Samson.
Treasurer —GodUeb oener.
Secretary—Henry M. White. f
Assistant Secretary—Capt. John Nixdorf. r
Hose DirectorarrSl/P*. Saner, Peter Nagle, John Trissler,
Peter WTGorreehi,' Conrad Gast. Frederick Nixdorf.
- Engineers—Henfy Nagte, Martin Dorwart, Christian A.
Flick. """
Electing Committee—Lewis Zecber, Henry White, James
A. Btone. _ ~
Axemen—Augustus Hillichsoch, John Fndenstein, J.
P. Stormfeltz, John Bender. . , _
Torch Carriers—David Hartman, Henry Nixdorf, Harri
son Buckins, John Lutz. ~
Trustees —Martin Sheaffar, Henry M. White, Godlieb
Sener. ;
Stealing Fruit. —On Friday as Alderman
C. F. Voigt was entariog his yard gate, in South Queen
street, he observed four boys on his pear tree helping
themselves to the fruit. Immediately upon seeing Aid.
V. the boys made off, but he succeeded in eaptdrlng one of
them and brought him before the boy had
□early a half peck of pears concealed about his person, and
probably the others were equally well supplied. It is really
annoying to persons who take great care in cultivating
choice fruit, to be thus wantouly robbed of their labors.—
These pears are of a superior quality, but do not ripon
until lute in August, and to pluck them off now—when
they are too hard uud hitter to bo eaten —is malicious, to
say the least. Aid. V., as well as a number of other persons,
have recetitly suffered much from tho Incursions of fruit
thieves, und il some of thorn are caught (hey will be dealt
with In & summary wanner. The boys iu tho present case
were taken before llio Mayor on Friday evening, who gave
them n eovore reprimand and held thorn lu ball for thoir
future good behaviour.
False Pretence.— John Roadman, of this
city, was artested ou the 9th lust., by Constable iUdabnugh,
of Harrisburg, charged with obtaining scrap Iron to tho
amount of $l5O 40. from the Short Mountain Coal Compauy,
under false and fraudulent pretences. The suit was brought
by J. L, Sutton, President of the Company. At the time
of making the purchase, Roadman gave the Compauy a
check for the amount on one of the hanks iu this city, and
when it was presented to bo cashed, the hank officers
informed tho Company that Roadman bad no deposit in
tho bank aDd payment was refused. Roadman was taken
before Alderman Mnsaer, and gave bail for his appearance
at next term of the Dauphin County Quarter Sessions’
Court.
Fire.—During the prevalence of the stnrm
on Wednesday night, a barn, the property uf Benjamin
Garber, residing iu East Donegal township, was struck by
lightning, and the buiMiug aud all Its contents destroyed.
The entire crop of graiu ami hay was lost, and the loss of
Mr. G. is estimated at $5,000, ou which there is uo iusur
ance. The barn was a very large one auil built with all
the late modern improvements.
Reading and Columbia Railroad.-
mg of the citizens of Manboitn favorable to the construe
tion of this road was held at the Ceutral High School in
that borough on Wednesday evening last. From the
Sentinel we learn that the meeting was organized by
appointing Michael White, Esq., of Mauheim, Chairman;
A. M. Bruckart, of Penn township, aud John Shcaifer, of
Lancaster, Vice Presidents: and J. >l. Ensininger. Sec
retary.
Mr. N. Worley buiug exiled upon, stated the object of
the meeting, in which ho alluded to tho very encouraging
prospects of this place being made a point on the road, and
strongly urged upon the citizeus to give their aid and
influence to the project.
On motion. J. W. Fisher, Esq., of Columbia, then addres
sed the meeting at some length. During the course of hlB
remarks he stated that this was the only line of railroad
remaining unfinished between New York and Baltimore:
that many of the farmers on the route were favorable to
its construction, and that there was no section of country
in the Union more fertile than the one the line will pass
through. That tho road will afford means to export our
surplus produce; and that all that is wanting is for the
people to take up the matter in earnest. The very policy
of the citizens is to make this place a point, as it is very
clear that the large amount of business that woipd natur
ally concentrate here would make this place the most
important point between Reading and Columbia.
Dr. Snavely, as chairman of the committee on resolutions,
submitted tho following, which were unanimously adopt
ed:
This meeting, deeiniug the construction of the Reading
and Columbia Railroad of vast importance to the districts
through which it will paBS, and satisfied as to the utility
and benefits to be derived from its location through our
valley, the “garden spot” of the Keystone State, by afford
ing an easy trausit for our surplus produce to tho princi
pal markets: Therefore
Resolved, That the said road should and ought to be
constructed by way of Manheim, from the fact that it will
furnish more business than any other point on the road.
Resolved, That in the opinion of this meeting it will be
to the interest of the company to start said road at Read
ing and run to Columbia, keeping as far distant from the
Lebanon Valley and tho Pennsylvania Railroads, as may
bn rracticablp.
Resolved, That we will unite and use all honorable
means, and all the aid in our power, to secure the location
and completion of said road by way of Manheim.
Resolved, That the proceedings of this meeting be pub
lished in the Manheim Sentinel, and all other papers
favorable to the proposed road.
On motion of Mr. Worley, a couiiuittw of live, consist
ing of N. Worley, John Ilostetter, J. E. Cross, P. Arndt,
and B. M. Stauffer, was appointed to solicit subscriptions,
conditionally, to be binding only if the road is located by
way of Manheim.
Opening uf Boors. —The Commissioners of
the Reading and Columbia Railroad advertise lu to-day's
Spy that they will open books for the reception of sub
scription to the capital Block of tho above road on Monday,
the Bth prox., at tho Washington House, in this borough.
This is the necessary preliminary step towards an earnest
commencement of this important work. Our citizens will
now have au opportunity of showing their interest in an
undertaking that must, if carried out—and we havo u->
doubt of its suci-e-s—so materially Influence our future
prosperity.
Wo have urged and shall not cease to urge upon tho
peoplo tho necessity of a movement by thorn in the direc
tion of progress. We need some common prqject In which
tho entire town can unite, to give fresh spirit and Impotus
to our business, our plousuros, und onr very lives. If wo
remain much longer indifferent to our most vital Interests
wo shall stagnate, aud no futuro Infusion of unorgy and
new blond will sufllce to redeem us from & merited ring
fence and whitewash. Now is the time for action, and wo
ontfeat tho moneyed weu of tho town to take advantago
of this opportunity to build up a business which cannot
be diverted from mb.— Saturday's Columbia Spy.
Accident.— Oh Monday last a little child,
about flvo years of age, daughter of Goorge G rady, of Penn
township, met with a serious accident by falling from a
high chair. It appoars that the little girl had a plate in
hor hand at tbo time, which broko In the fall, a pioce cut
ting her on tho upper lip and nose, leaving only about half
an Inch at the root of tho nose not separated. We have
since learned that the prospects of a re-union aro not very
favorable, as the circulation through tho Injured part has
not been fully established. 8o says Friday’s Manhelm
Sentinel.
A False Rumor. —Some time last spring,
a report came to Lancaster that Mr. Matthias Brelay, well
known as the Mason who did the stone work on the
Lancaster Court Honse, had committed suicide in Read
ing. Nothing of the kind appoared in the papers of this
city, but some of the Lancaster papers credited the rumor,
and published it as a fact, so that the bolief became
general that Mr. Breidy was dead. But the rumor was
effectually contradicted a day or two ago, by tho supposed
dead man himself, who appeared, alive and well, in the
office of the Express , and expressed his indignation at hav
ing thus been killed off typographically “ without his
knowledge or consent.” We are glad, on Mr. Breidy’s
account, that Reading has one suicide less to answer for
than the Lancaster papers charged her with.— Reading
Gazelle.
Departure of Trains, and Closing of the
Mails at the City Post Office. —The different Passenger
Trainson the Pennsylvania and branch railroads leavo this
city as follows:
Fast Lino.
Throngh Express
Lancaster Accommodation.
Mail Train.
Harrisburg Accommodation.
Through Express.
Mall Train.
Harrisburg Accommodation.
Lancaster Accommodation.
Emigrant Train.
CLOSING OF MAILS BY RAILROAD.
Eastern Through Mail—For Philadelphia, New York aud
Eastern States, at 6.4 ) a. m., IV p. m., and 8 p. m.
Way Mail East —For Philadelphfaand intermediate offices,
at 6.45 a. m.
Western Through Mail—For Columbia, Harrisburg, Pitts
burg and Western States, at 9V a. m., and 8 p. m.
Way Mail West—For Landisvllle, Elizabethtown, Mount
Joy, Middletown, Harrisburg, Lewistown, Huntingdon,
Tyrone, Altoona, Hollidaysbnrg (and Way Mail between
Altoona and Pittsbnrg.) at 9)4 a. m.
Southern Mail—For Colombia, York, Baltimore, Washing
ton, D. C., and Southern Btate*, at 9% a - m -
Pittsburg Through Mai!, at 1% p. m.
For Btrasburg, via: Camargo, Quarryville, Martinsville,
and New Providence, at 6.45 a, m.
Through Mail East.
Way Mail East
Through Mail West.
Way Mail West
Southern Mail
For Reading, via: Neffsvillo, Litiz, Rothsville, Ephrata,
Reamstown, Adamstown and Oouglersville’, daily, at 8
a. m.
For Lebanon, via: East Hompfield, Mauheim, White Oak,
Mount Hope and Cornwall, daily, at 2 p. m.
For Millersville and Slackwater, Tri-weekly, Tuesday
Thursday and Saturday, at 1 p. m.
For Safe Harbor, Tri-weekly, Tuesday, Thursday and Sat
urday, at 1 p. m. .
For Hiukletown, via: Landis Valley, Oregon, West Earl,
and Farmersville, Tri-weekly, Tuesday, Thursday and
Saturday, at 2 p. m.
For Paradise, via: Greenland aud Soudersburg, daily, at
3 p.m.
For Litiz, via : Neffsville, daily, 2 p. m.
For Marietta, via: Hempfield and Silver Spring, 1 ri-wookly,
Tuesday, Thursday aud Saturday, at 6 a. m.
For Strasburg, via: Fertility and 'Wheatland Mills, daily at
2 p. m.
For Lampeter, daily, at 2 p. m.
For New Holland, via: Binkley’s Bridge, Leacock, Barevlile,
Beartown, BowmansvllJe and Muddy Creek, Tri-weekly,
Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday, at 12 m.
For Phcenixviile, via: New Hollaud, Blue Ball, Goodville,
Churchtown, Morgantown, Honoybrook, Chester Springs,
and Kimberton, Tri-weekly,Tuesday, Thursday and Sat*
urday, at 12 m.
For Port Deposit, Md., via: Willow Street, Smithvllle, Buck,
ChesnutLeveijGreeD,Pleasant Grovo,Kock Springs, Md.;
and Rowlandsville.Md., Tri-weekly, Monday, Wednes
day and Friday, at 0 a. m.
For Colebrook, via: Swarris Mill, Old Line, Sporting Hill
and Mastersonville, Semi-weekly, Monday and Friday,
M. H. LOCHER,
G. W.OTTINGER,
W. F. DUNCAN,
CHAS. A. GETZ,
0. F. VOIGT,
at 6 a. m.
For Vogansville and Terro Hill, Tri weekly, Monday, Thurs
day and Saturday, at 2 p. m.
For Liberty Square, via: Conestoga, Mnrticvitlo, Colomau*
vllle, Mount Nebo, Bothesda and RawlinsvlUe, Soml
weekly, Tuesday and Saturday, at 1 p. m.
For New Danville, weekly, Wednesday, at 9 a. in.
Office hour*, from 7a.m.t08 p. m. Ou Sunday, from w
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Correspondence of the New York Timas.
FJROSI THB BATTLE-FIELD of SOL"
FERINO.
Castiglione, (Italy, \
Friday Nighty June 24, 1859. |
I came from Bresoia early this morning,
and arrived just in time to witness the last
half of what I have very little doubt will
turn out to have been the greatest battle the
modem world has seen. I oannot describe it
with any precision as yet, for it has. lasted all
day, and extended over a cironifc of not less „
than fifteen miles ; the noise of the cannonade,
and even of the musketry, moreover, is still
in my ears, and none of those engaged in it,
except the wounded, have returned to give us
any distinct and connected report. But- not
less than 450,000 men have been engaged in
it; and of these not less than 30,000 (dead or
disabled) lie, on this bright, starry night,
upon the bloody field.
The battle commenced at a little before 5
in the morning—not far from sunrise. V Just
back of Castiglione rises a high range of hills,
whioh projects .a mile or thereabouts into the
plain, and then breaks off towards the left
into & wide expanse of smaller hills, and so into
the rolling surface whioh makes that portion
of the plain. The Austrians had token
tion upon these hills—planting cannon upon
those nearest to Castiglione whioh they oould
approach, as the French army was in full force
in and around that little village, and had
stationed their immense array all over tho
surrounding plain. As nearly a 6 wo oan now
learn tho Emperor Francis Joseph had ool
looted bore not less than 225,000 troops, and
commanded thorn in porson. His evident
purpose was to make a stand hero and risk
the fortunes of the war upon the hazards of
tho day. Napoleon promptly accepted tho
challenge, and commenced the attack as soon
as it was light this morning, by placing can
non upon the hills still nearer to Castiglione
than thoso held by the Austrians, and open
ing fire upon them nn the heights beyond.
lie took his own stand upon tho highest of
these—asteep, sharp baoked ridge, which com
mands a magnificent view of the entire circuit
of the plain, and from that point direoted the
movements of his army during thcearly por
tion of the day. TJie French very soon drove
the enemy out of the posts they held nearest
to the town, ana followed them into fhe small
villages of the plain below- The first of these
was Solferino, where they had a sharp and
protracted engagement. The Austrians dis
puted every inch of the ground, and fought
j here, as they did thro, ghout the day, with
j the utmost desperation. They were three
: times driven out of the town before they
: would stay out. The people of tho village,
j moreover, took part against the French, upon
! whom they fired froth their windows, and tho
j French were compelled in self defence to burn
! the town When they found it impossible to
! hold thoir ground any longer, they fell back'
j slowly and steadily until they reached the
i village of Volta, which, as you will see by tho
i map, lies directly southeast from Castiglione,
I and is only about a mile from the river Minoio,
j from which, however, it is separated by a
1 range of hills.
Upon these hills, in the rear of the town,
and over looking it completely on the south
and southeast sides, the Austrians had planted
very formidable batteries f aud when I arrived
upon the field and went at once to the height
where the Emperor had stoou at the opening
of the engagement, but which he had left an
hour before to follow his victorious troops,
these batteries were blazing away upon tho
French, who were stationed on the plain be
low. I was too far off to observe with any
accuracy the successive steps of the action,
but I could distinctly see the troops stationed
upon the broad plain, and moving up in
masses towards the front, where the artillery
was posted, as their services wero required.---
But as 60on as they reached this point they
were speedily enveloped in the smoke of the
cannon, and disappeared from observation.—
But the general result was soon made evident
l)v the slackening of the Austrian fire, and by
the falling back of their smoke and a corre
sponding advance on the part of that wliich
rose from the French artillery.
The cannonading at that poiDt lasted for over
an hour ; but in precisely what direction the
Austrians retreated it was not possible, from
the position I occupied, to see. I was afraid
to change it, moreover, because, although I
might easily have gone more direotly and
closely upon the field, I could not have found
any eminence upon the plain from which I
could have had so sweeping and complete a
view. Part of the Austrian force probably
crossed the Mincio river, which flows south
ward from the lower end of Lake Guarda,
and empties into the Po. But the battle con
tinued to rage all over the region northwest
of a line connecting the towns of Castigliono,
Solferino, and Volta. At one point after
another a sharp cannonading would arise and
oontinuo for half or three-quarters of an hour;
and, aftor each successive engagement of this
kind, tbo result became apparent in the
retreat of the Austrians and the advanoo of
tho French foroos. During all the oarly part
of tho day tho sky had boon clear and the
weather hot.
But olouds began to gather about nooD, and
at five o'clock, while the oannonade was at
its height, a tremendous thunderstorm rolled
up from the northwest; the wind came first,
sweeping from the parohed streets an onor
roous cloud of dußt, and waß soon followed by
a heavy fall of rain, accompanied by vivid
lightning and rapid explosions of rattling
thunder. The storm lasted for about an hour,
and the cannonading, so far as we oould dis
tinguish, was suspended. Then the rain
ceased, the clouds blew away, the sun shone
out again, and the air was cooled and per
fectly delightful. Though tho cannon may
have ceased for a time to take part in it, the
fight had meantime gone on; and when I
agaip resumed my post of observation, from
which the storm had expelled me, the cannon
ading commenced on the extreme left of the
entire field, and on the very borders of the
lake, northeast from Castiglione and west of
Peschiera.
The Piedmontese troops, under the King,
whu commands them in person, had been
posted there, and received the Austrians as
they came around. From about seven o’clook
until after nightfall an incessant and moat
terrible combat was here kept up. The bat
teries of the two armies wore apparently about
half a mile apart, and at the outset they were
both served with nearly equal and effective
vigor. But the Austrians gradually slackened
their fire and several times took up new posi
tions, while the Sardinians poured a rapid and
uninterrupted shower of balls upon them,
suspending only for a lew minutes at a time,
and then renewing it again with redoubled
fury. The wind had now gone down, the air
was still, and the sound of musketry, as well
as ol the cannon, wa9 distinctly heard. The
former Wus continuous, sharp, and incessant,
sounding like the constant and irregular pat
tering of hail upon a roof, while the latter
was occasionally suspended, but while it lasted
was overwhelmingly grapd and terrible.
Over the Sardinian park roso a dense white
cloud of smoke, directly upwards, its sides
j -perfectly upright and well defined, and spread-
I ing outward both ways at the top like an
I enormous sheaf of wheat. The sun was mak
! ing a glorious setting in the West, and as his
I light gradually departed the vivid flashes at
! each discharge of the cannon gleamed through
: the smoke like sharp lightning through tho
! breast of an enormous cloud. Sometimes only
j a single flash would be seen, then two or three
j at once, and sometimes half a dozen would
j break forth in instant succession. It was
; beginning to be dark when I turned to descend
■ the hill, and all the way down I still heard
the roar of the cannon and the clattering of
the guns of the infantry. But the Austrians
were clearly falling buck, and could scarcely
‘ havo failed to sustain a total rout. Itia'poa
i sible they may be in condition to make one
more struggle in the morning, but, judging
I from my own observation, it certainly is not
J probable. They have sustained an over
j whelming defeat, and it seems to me not
i unlikely thattheEmperormaynow be induced,
bv the representations of neutral powers, to
accept tho peace which Napoleon will be very
likely to tender him.
[The correspondent adds that ho feels war
ranted in saying that tho French must have
had 25,000 men hors dc combat Ho says ho
saw 10,000 wounded men come from the field,
on carts, wagons, mules, and litters.] He
further adds:
If I did not already know the rosult of tho
battle, I would bo roady to supposo, from tho
enormous numborof wounded soldiers at this
momont passing my window, that tho Fronoh
army had boon morally destroyed. I am
quito suro, no matter what tho Fronoh official
report may bay, that my proooding estimation
of tho wounded is small.
Wo saw about throo thousand Austrian
prisoners brought in. How many were taken
, during the day oould not be ascertained, I
saw one orowd of 600, another of 450, and
| many smaller squads. The Austrians wound*
> od were piled into the carts sometimes indie
-1 oriminately with theFrenoh.
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