PRESIDENT'S
MESSAGE.
Fellow-citizens of Me Senate
and ofthe House of Representatives :
The brief space which has elapsed since the close of
your last session has been marked by no extraordinary
olitical event. The quadrennial election of Chief
Magistrate has passed off with lees than the usual ex
ettement. However individuals and parties may have
been disappointed in the result, it is nevertheless a
subject of national congratulation that the choice has
been effected by the independent suffrages of a free
people. undisturbed by those influences which in other
countries have too often affected the purity of popular
elections
Our grateful thanks are duo to an All-merc'ful Prov.
'dance, not only for staying the peotilcuee which in
different forms has desolated some of our Miles. but for
crowning the labors of the husbandman with aui abund
ant harvest. and the nation generally with the bless
ings of peace and prosperity.
Within a few weeks the public mind boo been deeply
affected by tae death of Daniel Webster. tilling at his
decease the office of Secretary of State. His associates
in the Executive government have sineerely sympathiz
ed with hie family and the public generally on this
mournful occasion. Ills commanding talents, his great
political and professional eminence, his welt tried pat
riotism. and his long and faithful services. in the most
Important public trusts, have caused his death to be
lamented throughout the wintry. and have earned
for him a larding, place in our history.
In the course of the fast summerenuoldoraisla anxie
ty was caused fora short time by an official intimation
from the government of Great Britain that ted.re
had been given for the protection of the Cohorts , upon
lliscoasts of the British provinces in Nurth America
against the alleged encroachments of the dolling res
old!' of the United Slates and France. The shertneso
of this notice and the season of the year seemed to
make it a matter of urgent importance. It was at first
apprehended that an increased naval force had been
ordered to the fishing grounds to carry into effect the
British Interpretation of those provisions In the con
vention of 1518, in reference to Line Gus, latent at
which the two governments differ. It wax Roca di-cor
er/id that such was not the design of Great Britain
and satisfactory explanations of the neat object. et the
measure have beau given both hero and in London.
The unadjusted difference. however. between the
LAO &tell:Merits as to the interpretation of the first
article of the convention of 1818 is still a matter of
Importance American fishing ve,els wi!hin int. of
ten years have been excluded from waters to which
they had free aeCebe for twenty-fire- ears alter the ne
gotiation of the treaty. In 1845 this exclu-ion was re
laxed en far as the Bay of Fundy. but the just. inns
iihmal intention of the Home government. in compli
noce with whet we think the true construction at the
convention. to open all the olin. r outer bay, to out
fishermen. was abandoned, in consume... the op
position of thin colonies. Nut withstanding tb.s. tine
lluittd Fi Ides have, since the Bay of Flitrly was
pencil to our flhinenn. a in 1845. pursued tine nr.st 1ib
e1...1 course to , and the colonial 11..hing intern...ts Ily
the revenue of 1840. the ;lath, on volcano I,h en,.
. tering our ports wero greatly reduced. and by the
wan-housing act it is allowed to be entered inn bond
without payment of duty. In this way colonial 11,ln
has acquired Ilee monopoly of tine export trwle to non
Market and is entering to come extent into the home
consumption 'l'lloao facts were uniting thus" which
increm.ed the sensibility of our fishing interest, at Into
movement iu iluentlon.
These cireumstances and the incidents above
alluded to have led me to I hink.t he moment fa
vorable for a reconsideration of the suit
ject of the fisheries en the coast of the British
provinces, with a view to place them upon a
mote liberal footing of reciprocal privilege. A
willingness to meet us id some arrangement of
this kind is understood to • exist, on n he part of
Great Britain, with n desire un her part to in•
chide in one comprehensive settienient, as well
thin subject as the commercial intercourse be
tween the United States and the British provin•
ces. I have thought that whatever arrange
ment a may be made on these two subj acts. it is
expedient that they should be embraced in sep
orate conventions. 'rite illness and deal In el the
late Secretary of State prdliented the commence
ment of the. contemplated negotiation. Pains
have been taken to collect the information re
quired for the details of such art arrangement.
The subject is attended with considerable difii
culty. if it is found practicable to conic to an
taireement mutually acceptable to the two par
ties, conventions may be concludt d iu the course
el the present white's. The control el . Congress
over all the provisions of such an arrangement,
'affecting the revenue, will of vourse be reser•
ved.
The aflairs of Cuba formed a prnmine int topic
in my last annual message. They remain in an
enemy condition, and a feeling el alarm and ir•
ritation on the part tit the Cuban authorities ap
pears to exist. 'Phis feeling has interfered wait
the regular commercial intercourse between the
United States and the island, and led' to some
nets of which we hove aright to complain. But
the Captain General of Cuba is clothed with Ito
power to treat with foreign governments: nor is
he in any degree under the control of the Span
ish Minister at Washington. Any communisa
tion which Inc may hold with an agent of a for
eign power is informal and In matter of courtrss.
Anxious to put an end to the existing inconve
niences. (which seemed to rest on inisemicep
tionS I directed the newly appointed Alinister to
Mexico to visit Havana, on his way to Vera
Cruz. Ile none respectfully received by the
Captain General,who conferred with him Iteely
on the recent occurrences; but no permanent
arrangement was efketed.
In the mean time, the refusal oldie Captain
General to allow passengers and the moil to'lnc
landed in certain cases. for a reason which does
not furnish in the opinion of this Government
even a good pre:umptive ground her such u pro.
hibition, has been made the subject nil a serious
remonstrance at Madrid ; and I lave no reason
to doubt.that due respect will be paid by the
government of Her Catholic Majesty to the rep
resentations which our Alittister,has been in
structed to make on the subject.
It is but justice to the Captain General to add.
that his comitust toward the steamers employed
to carry the mails of the United States to Ha
-. vane has, with the exceptions above alluded to.
been marked with kindness and liberality, and
indicates no general purpose of interfering with
the commercial correspondence and intercourse
between die island and this country.
Early in the present year official notes were
received trom the Ministers of France and Eng•
land, inviting the Government of the 'ill:tied
States to become a party with Great Britain and
France to a tripartite Convention, in virtue of
which the three powers should severally and
collect ively disclaim, now and for the future, all
intention to obtain possession of the Island at
Cuba, and should bind themselves to diseounte
nance all attempts to that effect on the part of
any power or individual wham ey. This invite
thon has been respectfully declined, for reasons
which it would occupy too much space in this
communication to state in detail, but which led
me to think that the proposed measures would
be of doubtful constitutionality, impolitic, and
unavailing. I have, however, to common with
several of my predecessors, directed Inc! Minis
ters of France and England to he assured that
the United States entertain no designs aphis ,
Cuba ; but that, on the contrary, I should regard
its incorporation into the Union at the present
time as fraught with serious peril.
Were this island comparatively destitute of
inhabitants, or occupied by a kindred race, I
should r •eard it, if voluntarily ceded by - Spain,
as 0 most des:rabic acquisition. But, under ex
; isting circumstances, I should look upon its
incorporation into our Union as a very hazardous
measure. It would bring into the Confederacy
a populatioi, of n different national stock, speak•
mg a different language, and not likely lo har
monize with the other members. It would
probably affect in a prejudcial manner the in
diastrial interests of the South; and it might
revive those conflicts of opinion between The
different sections of the country, which lately
shook the Union to its centre, and which have
been so happily compromised.
The rejection by the Mexican Congress of
the Convention which had been concluded be•
tween that Republic and the United States, for
the protection of a transit way across tho isth
mus of Tehuantepec and of the interests of those
citizens of the United States who had become
proprietors of the rights which 'Mexico had con
ferred on one of her own citizens is regard to
that transit, has thrown a serious obstacle in the
way of the attaintnent of a very desirable nal ion
al object. I am still willing In hope that the dif
ferences on the subject which exist. or hereafter
arise, between the governments, will be amica
bly adjusted. This stibjeet, however, has al
ready engaged the attention of the Senate of the
United States, and requires no further comment
in this communication,
The settlement of the question respecting the '
port of San Juan do Nicaragua. and of the
controversy between the republics of Costa
Rica and Nicaragua in regard to their boun
daries, was considered indispensible to the
commencement of the ship canal between the
two oceans, which was the subject of the Con
ventionbetween the United States and Great
piitain of the 111th of April, 18.30. Accord
ingly a proposition for the same purposes ad
dressed to the two
. governments in that quar
ter, and to the Mosquito Indians., was agreed
to in April last by the Secretary of State and
the Minister of her Britannic Majesty. Be
sides the wish to aid in reconciling the differ
ences of the two republics, I engaged in the
negotiation from a desire to place the great
Mork of a ship canal between the two oceans
under one jurisdiction, and to establish the
important port of San Juan de Nicaragua un
der the government o a civilized power. Tile
proposition in question Willi assented to by
Costa Rica and the Mosquito Indians. It has
not proved equally acceptable to Nicaragua
bat it is to be hoped that the further negotia
tions on the subject which are in train will be
carried on in that spirit of conciliation end
‘nomprimise which'ought always to prevail on
such occasions, and that they will lead to a
satisfactory result. _ '
I have the satisfaction to inform you that
the executive government of Venezuela has
acknowledged some claims of citizens of the
United States, which have for many years past
been urged by °lir charge d'affaires at Carrie
` sass It is hoped' that the same sense ofjustice
will actuate the Congress of that Republic in
providing the means for their payment.
The recent revolution in Buenos Ayres, and
the confederated States having opened the
prospeot of an improved state of things in
. that quarter, the governments of Great Bri
fain and France determined to negotiate with,
the chief of the new confederacy for the free
access of their commerce to the extensive coun
tries watered by the tributaries of the La
Plata ; and they gave a friendly notice of this
purpose to the United States, that we might if
we thought proper pursue the same course: In
compliance with this invitation, our minister
at Rio Janerio and' our charge d'affsirs at Bu
enos Ayres have been fully authorized to con
clude treaties with the newly-organized Con
federation, or the States composing it. The
delays which have taken place in the formation
of the new government have as yet prevented
the execution of those instructions; but there
is every reason to hope that these vast coun
tries will be eventually opened to our com
merce.
A treaty of commerce has been concluded
between the United States and the Orie4tal Re
public of Uruguay , which will be laid before
the Senate. Should this Convention go into
operation, it will open to the commercial en•
terprise of our citizens a country of great ex
tent rind unsurpassed in natural resources, but
from which foreign nations have hitherto been
almost wholly excluded. •
The correspondence of the late Secretary of
State with the Peruvian minister relative to
the Lobos Islands was communicated to Con-
Rities toward the close of the last session.—
Since that time, on further investigation of the
subject, the doubts which had been entertained
of the title of Peru to those i#an,..ls have been
removed; and I have deemed it just that the
temporary wrong which had been unintention
ally done her,from want of information, should
be repaired by an unreserved acknowledge
ment of her sovereignty.
I have the satisfaction to inform you that
the course pursued by Peru has been credita
ble to the liberality of her govergmeut. Be
fore it woo known by tier that her title would
be acknowledged at, Washington, her Minister
•if Foreign Afftirs had authorized our charge
Paff.dres at Limit to announce to the 4. meri
can vessels which had gone to Lobos for guano,
chat the Peruvian Government was willing to
freight them on its own account. This inten
ion had been carried into effect by the Peru
vian Minister here, by an arrangement which
is believed to he advantageous to the parties
in interest.
,
Our settlements on the shores of the Pacific,
the naturally gteen.a great,.extension, and in
..eme respects new direcion, to our commerce
in that ocean. A direct and ram Ily increasing
niercourse has sprung up with Eastern Asia.—
Ile waters of the Northern Pacific. even into
the Arctic sea. have of late years been frequent•
ed by our whalemen. The application of steam
to the general purposes of navigation is hecom
mg daily more common, and makes it desirable
to obtain fuel and other •necessary supplies at
convenient points en the route between Asia and
our Pacific coast. Ouramfortutrite countrymen
who front time to time suffer shipwreck on the
coasts of the Eastern seas are entitled to pro
tection. Besides these specific objects, the gen
eral prosperity of our States on the Pacific re
quires that an attempt should be made to open
the opposite regions of Asia to a mutually ben
eficial intercourse. It is obvious that this at
,empt could be made by no power to so great
an advantage as by the United States, whose
constitutional system excludes every idea of dis
tant colonial dependencies. I have accordingly
been led to order an appropriate naval force to
Japan, under the command of a discreet and iii
telligent officer of the highest tank, known to
our service. He is instrucied to endeavor to ob
tain from the government of that country some
relaxation of the inhospitable and anti-social
systemic has pursued for about two centuries.
Ile has been directed particularly to remonst rate
in the strongest language against the cruel treat-
MOM to which our shipwrecked mariners have
often been subjected, end to insist that they shall
be treated with humanity. Ile is instructed
however at the same time to give that govern
ment the amplest assurances that the objects
of the United States are such and such only as I
have indicated, and that the expedition is friend
ly and peaceful. Notwithstanding the jealousy
with which the governments of Eastern Asia
regard all overwres from foreigners, I am not
without hopes of a beneficial result of the ex
pedition. Should it be crowned with success.
the advantages will not be confined to the United
States, but, as in the case of China, will be
equally enjoyed by all the maritime powers. I
have much satisfaction in stating that in all the
steps preparatory to this'expedition the Govern
ment of the United Siatea has been materially
:tided by the good offices of the King of the
Netherlands, the only European power having
any commercial relations with Japan,
In passing from this surveyof our foreign rela
tions. I invite the attention of Congress to the
condition or that department of Government to
which this branch of the public business is entrust
ed. Our intercourse with foreign powers has of
late years greatly increased, both in consequence
of our own growth and the introduction of many
new States into the family of nations. In 'this
way the Department of S ate has become over
burdened. It lins, by the recent establishment
of the Department of the Interior, been relieved
~f some portion of the domestic business. It the
residue of The business of that kind such as the
distribution of Congressional documents, the
keeping. publishing and distribution 01. the laws
of the United States, the execution of the copy
right law, the subject of reprieves and pardons,
and same other subjects relating to interior ad
ministration, should be transferred from the De
partment of state, it would unquestionably be
for the benefit of the public service. I would
also suggest that the betiding appropriated to
he State Department is not fire proof; that there
is reason to think there are detects in its construc
tion. and that the archives of the Government in
charge of the Department, with the precious col
lections of the manuscript papers of Washing:
ton, Jefforson, Hamilton, Madison and.Monree,
are exposed to destruction by fire. A similar
remark may he made cf the buildings appropri
ated to the War and Navy,Departments.
'f he condition of the Treasury is exhibited in
the annual report from the Department.
The cash receipts into the Treasury for the
fiscal year ending the 30th June last, exclusive
•if trust funds, were $49,728 386 89, and the
expenditures for the same period. likewise ex
I elusive of trust funds, were 846,007,89t3 20:
of which iii 6,453.815 83 was ou account of the
principal and interest of the public debt, inclu
ling the last,instalment of the indemnity. to
Ilexico, under the treaty of Guadalupe Hidal
.4 0 , leaving a balance of $14.632,136 37 in the
Treasury on thh Ist day of July last Since
:his latter period, further purchases of the
principal of the public debt have been made to
the extent of 2,456,547d015. and the surplus in
cute Treasury will continue to be applied to
that object, whenever the stock can be procured
within the limits, as to price, authorized bylaw.
The value of foreign merchandize imported
during the last fiscal year was two hundred
Ind seven millions two hundred and forty
thousand ono hundred and one dollars (8207,-
240,101 ;) and the value of domestic produc
tions exported was ono hundred and forty nine
millions eight hundred and sixty one thousand
nine hundred and eleven dollars. (8140.861,-
911,1 besides seventeen millions two hundred
ind four thousand and twenty six dollars 07,-
204.026) of foreign merchandise exported; ma—
king the aggregate-of the entire exports one
hundred end sixty seven millions sixty
tire thousand nine hundred and thirty seven
dollars (167,095,937 ;) exclusive of the above
there wits exported forty-two millions five hun •
'red and seven thousand two hundred and
eighty-five dollars ii 142,607,285) in specie;
.tad imported from foreign ports five millions
two hundred and sixty• two thousand six bun
dred and forty-three dollars, (55.262, 643.)
In my first annual message to Congress I
called your attention to what seemed to me to
some defects in the present tariff, and recom
mended such modifications as in my judgment
were best adapted to remedy its evils and pro
mote the prosperity of the country. Nothing
has since occurred to change my views on this
important question.
Without repeating the arguments contained
in my former message, in favor of discrimina
ting, protective duties, I deem it my. duty to
call your attention to one or two other consid
erations affecting this subject. The first is,
the effect of large importations of foreign
goods upon our currency. Most of
,the gold of
California, ns fast as it is coined, fi , ds its waf
directly to Europe in payment for goods Or
chased. In the second place, as our manufac
turing establishments are broken down by
competition with foreigners, the capital in
vested iu them is lost, thodsands of honest and
industrious citizens are thrown out of employ•
merit, and the farmer to that extent is depri
ved of a home market for the sale of his sur
plus produce. In the third place. the destruc
t on of our manufactures leaves the foreigner
without competition in our market, and he
consequently raises the price of the article
sent here for sale, as is now seen in the in
creased cost of iron imported from England.—
The prosperity and wealth of every nation
must depend upon its productive industry.—
The farmer is stimulated to exertion by find
ing a ready market for his surplus products,
and benefitted by being able to exchange them,
without loss of time or expense of transporta
tion, for the manufiictures which his comfort
or convenience requires. This is always done
to the boot advantage where a portion of the
community in which he lives is engaged in
other pursuits.
But most manufactures require art amount of
capital and a practical skill which cannot be
commanded, unless they be protected for a time
from ruinous competition from abroad. Hence
the n cesoity of layine those duties upon im
ported goods which the Constitution authorizes
for revenue, in such a manner as to protect and
encourage the labor of our own citizens. Duties
however should not be fixed at a rate so high as
to exclude the feraigie article, but should be se
graduated as to enable the domestic manufac.
turer fairly to compete with the foreigner in our
own markets, and by this competition to reduce
the price of the manufactured article to the con
sumer to the lowest rate at which it can be pro
duced. This policy would place the mechanic
by the side of the farmer, create a mutual inter
change of ;their respective commodities, and
thus stimulate the industry of the whole coun
try, and render us independent of foreign nations
for the supplies required by the habits or neces
sities of the people.
Another question,wholly independent of pro
tection, presents itself, and that is whether the
duties levied should be upon the value of the
article at the place of shipment, or, where it is
practicable, a specific duty, graduated accord- I
mg to quantity, as ascertained by weight or
measure. All our duties are at present ad va
lorem. A certain per centage is levied on the
price of the goods at the port of shipment in a
foreign country. Most commercial nations
have found it indispensable, for the purpose of
preventing fraud and perjury, to make the du
ties specific whenever the article is of such un
iform value in weight or measure as to justify
such a duty. Legislation should never encour
age dishonesty or crime. It is impossible that
the revenue officers at theport where the goods
are entered and the duties paid should know
with certainty what they cost in the foreign
oouniry. Yet the law requires that they
should levy the duty according to such cost
They are therefore compelled to resort to very
unsatisfactory evidence to ascertain what that
cost was. They take the invoice of the impor
ter, attested by his oath, as the best evidence
of which the nature of the case admits. But
every one must see that the invoice may be
fabricated, and the oath by which it is support
ed false, by reason of which the dishonest im
porter pays a part only of the duties which arc
paid by the honest one,and thus indirectly recei.
eve from the treasury of the United States a re.
ward for his fraud and perjury. The reports of
the Secretary of the Treasury heretofore made
on this subject show conclusively that these
frauds have been practiced to a great extent.
Tho tendency is to destroy that high moral character
for which our merchants have long been dlstingut•hed;
to defraud the Government of its revenue; to break
down the honest importer by a dishonest competition ;
intl. finally. to transfer the business of importation to
foreign and irresponsible agents. to the great Satre
ment of our own citizens. I therefore again moat
earnestly recommend the adoption of specific duties.
%,herever it is ?racticable, or a home valuation. to pre
vent three frauds.
I would also again call your attention to the
fact that the present tariff in some cases im
poses a higher duty upon the raw material
imported than upon the article manufactured
from it, the consequence of which is that the
duty operates to the encouragement of the
foreisner and the discouragement of our own
citize •s.
For full El tol detailed information in regard
to the general condition of our Indian afftirs.
I respectfully refer you to the report of the
Secretary of the Interior and the accompany
ing documents.
The Senate not having thought proper to
ratify the treaties which had been negotiated
with the tribes of Indians in California and
Oregon, our relations with them have been left
in a,very unsatisfactory condition.
In other parts of our territory particular
districts of country have been set apart for
the exclusive occupation of the Indians, and
their right to the lands within •hose limits has
been acknowledged and respected. But in
California and Oregon there has been no re
cognition by the Government of the exclusive
right of the Indians to any part of the coun
try. They are therefore mere tenants at suf
ferance, and liable to be driven from place to
place-, at the pleasure of the whites.
The treaties which have been rejected proposed to
remedy this evil by allotting to the different tribes
d•stricts of country suitable to their habits of life, and
sufficient for their support. This provision. morn than
any other, it is believed, lad to their rejection ; and as
no substitute for it has been adopted by Congress. it
has not been deemed advisable to attempt to enter
into new treaties of a permanent character, although
no effort has been spared by temporary arrangements
to preserve friendly relations with them •
If it be the desire of Congress to remove them from
the country altogether, or to assign to them particular
districts more remote from the settlements of the
whites. it will be proper to set apart by law the terri
tory which they arc to occupy. and to provide the
means necessary for removing them to it. Justice
alike to our own citizens and to the Indians requires
the prompt action of Congress on thin subject.
The amendments proposed by the Senate, to the
treaties which were negotiated with the Sioux Indians
of Niinnesoka. have been submitted to the tribes who
were parties to them. and have received their assent -
A large tract of valuable territory has thus been open
ed for settlement and cultivation. and all danger of
collision with these powerful and warlike bands has
been happily removed.
The removal of the remnant of the tribe of Seminole
Indians from Florida has long been a cherished object
of the Government. and it is one to which my inten
tion has been steadily directed. Admonished by past
experlenCv of the difficulty and cost of the attempt to
remove them by military force. resort has been had to
conciliatory measures. By the invitation of the
Commissioner of Indian Affairs several of the princi
pal chiefs recently visited Washinzton. and whilst
here acknowledged In writing the obligation of their
tribe to remove with the least possible delay Late
advices from the special agent of the Government re
present that they adhere to their promise and that a
council of their people has been called to make their
preliminary arrangemets. A general emigration may
therefore be confidently expected at an early day.
The report from the General Land Office show In
creased activity in its operations. The purvey of the
northern boundary of lowa has been completed with
unexampled despatch. Within the lest year 9.022.953
acres of public land have been surveyed, and 8,035,463
acres brought into market
In the last fiscal year there
were sold 1,333,071 acres.
Located with bounty land
warrants 3,201,314 "
Located with other certificates 113,682 "
Making a total of 4,870,067 "
In addition. there were—
Reported, under swamp land
grants 5;419,188
For internal improvements, /
railroads, &c \`, 9,025,'910 "
Making an aggregate of 13,115.173 "
Being an increase in the amount of lands sold
and located under land warrants of 50,220 acres
over the previous year.
The whole amount thus sold, located under
land warrants, reported under swamp land
grants, and selectee fur internal improvements.
exceeds that of the previous year by 3,342 372
acres; and the sales would, without doubt, have
been much larger but for the extensive reserve
lions for railroads in Missouri, Mississippi and
Alabama.
For the quarter ending 30th Sernembor, 1852,
there were sold 943,255 acres.
Located with bounty land
,war
rants. 1,387.416 "
Located with other cirtiheates 15,649 "
Reported under under swamp
land grants 2.483,233
Making an aggregate for the
quarter of 4,131,253 "
Much the larger portion of the labor of arrang•
ing and classifying the returns of the last census
has been finished, and it will now devolve upon
Congress to make the necessary provisions for
the publications of the results in such form as
shall be deemed best. The apportionment of
representation, on the basis of the new census,
has been made by the Secretary of the Interrior
in conformity with the provisions of law relating
to that subject, and the recent elections have
been made in accordance with it.
I commend to your favorable regard the rug
gestion, contained in the report of the Secretary
of the Interior that provision be made by law
for the publication at.d distribution, periodically,
of an analytical digest of all tho patents which
have been or may hereafter be, granted for use
ful inventions and discoveries, with such descrip
tions and" illustrations as may be necessary to
present an intelligible view of their nature and
operation. Tho cost of such publication could
easily be defrayed out of the patent fund, and I
am persuaded that it could be applied to r o ob
ject more acceptable to inventors and beneficial
to the public at large.
An appropriation of $lOO,OOO. having been
made at the last session for the purchase of a
suitable site, -and for the erection, furnishing,
and fitting up of an Asylum for the Insane of
the District of Columbia, and of the Army and
Navy of the United States, the proper measures
have been adopted to carry this beneficent pur
pose into effect,
By theiletest advices from the Mexican Bound
ary Commission it appears that the survey of the
river Gila, from its confluence with the Colorado
to its supposed intersection with the western line
of New Mexico has been completed. The survey
of the Rio Grande has also been finished from the
point agreed on by the Commissioners as " the
point where it strikes the southern boundary of
New Mexico" to a point one hundred and thirty
five miles below Eagle Pass, which is about two•
thirds of the distance along the course of the
river to its mouth.
The appropriation which was made at the last
session of Congress for the continuation of the
survey is subject to the ?011owing proviso :
"Provided, That no part of this appropaistion
shall be used or expended until it shall he made
satisfactorily to appear to the President of the
United States that the southern boundary of
New Mexico is not established by the commis.
sioner and surveyor of the United States farther
north of the town called 'Paso' than the some is
laid down in Pisturnell's map, which is added to
the treaty."
My attention was drawn to thie subject by a
report from the Department of the Interior, which
reviewed all the facts of the case, and submitted
for my decision the question whether, under ex
isting circumstances, any part of the appropria
tion conld bo lawfully used or expended for the
further prosecution of this work. After a care
fol sobsilloratiot of the oableot,. I amp tip gm
conclusion that it could net and so informed the ,
head of that Department Orders were imme.
diately issued by him to the 'commissioner and
surveyor to make no further requisitions on the.
Department, as they could not be paid ; and to
discontinue atl operations on the southern line of
New Mexico. But as the Department had no
exact information as to the amount of provisions
and money which remained unexpended in the
hands of the commissioner and surveyor, it was,
left discretionary with them to continue the sur
vey down the Rio Grande as far the means at.
their disposal would enable them, or at once to
disband the Commission. A special messenger
has since arrived from the officer in charge of
the survey on the river, with the information,
that the funds subject to his control were exhaus
ted, and that the officers and othcra employed in
the service were destitute alike of the means of
prosecuting the work and of returning to their
homes.
The object of the proviso was doubtless to ar-,
rest the survey of the southern and western lines
of New Mexico, in regard to which different
opinions have been expressed ; for it is hardly to
be supposed that
t there could be any objection to
that part of the line which extends along the
channel of the Rio Grande. But the terms of
the law are so broad as to forbid The use.of any
part of the money for the prosecution of this
work, or even for the payment, to the officers and
agents, of the arrearages of pay which are justly
duo to them.
I earnestly invite your prompt attention to the
subject, and recommend a modification of the
terms of the proviso so as to enable the Depart
ment to use as much of the appropriation as will
he necessary to discharge the existing obligations
of the Government, arid to -complete Ahe survey
of the Rio Grand to its mouth.
It will also be proper to make further provi
sion by law for the fulfilment of our treaty with
Vlexico . for running and marking the residue of
the boundary line between the two countries.
Permit me to invite your particular attention
to the interests of the District of Columbia.
which are confided by the Constitution to your
peculiar care.
Among the measures which seem to me of the
greatest importance to its prosperity are the in
troduction of a copious supply of water into the
city of Washington, and the construction of
suitable bridges across the Potomoc, to replace
those which were destroyed by high water in the
early part of the present year.
At the last session of Congress an appropria
tion was made to defray the cost of the surveys
necessary for determining the best meats of af
fo-ding an unfailing supply of good and whole
some water. Some progress has beenmade in
the survey, and as seen as it is completed the
result will be laid before you.
Further appropriations will also be necessary
for grading and paving the streets and avenues,
and enclosing and embellishing the public
cgrounds within the City of Washington.
I commend all these objects, together with
the charitable institutions of the District, to your
favorable regard.
Every effort has been made to' protect our
frontier, and that of the adjoining Mexican
States, from the incursions of the Indian tribes.
Of about 11,000 men 'of which the army is com
posed, nearly 8,000 are employed in the defence
of the newly acquired territory, (including Tex
as,) and of emigrants proceeding thereto. lam
gratified to say that these efforts have been un
usually successful. With the exception of some
partial outbreaks in California and Oregon, and
occasional depredations un a portion of the Rio
Grande, owing, it is believed, to the disturbed
state of that border region, the inroads of the'
Indians have been effectually restrained.
Experience has shown, however, that whenever
the two races are brought into contact, collisions
will inevitably occur. To prevent these collisions
the United States have generally set , -apart por
tions of their territory for the exclusive occupa
tion of the Indian tribes. A , diffituly
occurs, however, in the application of this policy
to Texas. By the terms of the compact by
which that State was admitted into the Union,
she retained the ownership of dl the vacant lands
within her limits. The government of that
State, it is understood, has assigned no prtion of
her territory to the Indians ; but as fast as her
settlements advance lays it off into counties, and
proceeds to survey and seli it. This policy man
ifestly tends, not only to alarm and irritate the
Indians, but to compel them to resort to plunder
for subsistence. It also deprives this govern.
ment of that influence and control over them
without which no durable peace can ever exist
between them and the whites. I trust, therefore,
that a doe regard for her own interests, span
from considerations of humanity and justice, will
induce that State to assign a small portion of
her vast domain for the provisional occupancy of
the small remnants of trines within iter borders,
subject of course to her ownership or eventual
jurisdiction. If sho should tail to do this, the
fulfilment of our treaty stipulations with, Mexico
and our duty to the Indians themselves, will, it
is feared, become a subject of serious embarrass
ment to the Government. It is hoped, however
that a timely and just provision by Texas may
avert this evil.
No appropriations for fortifications were made
at the two last sessions of Congress. The cause of
this omission is, probably, to be found in a grow
ing belief that the -y stem of fortifications adopted
in 1816, and heretofore acted on, requires revi
sion.
The subject certainly deserves full and careful
investigation; but it should not be delayed long.
er than can be avoid.-d. In the meantime there are
certain works which have been commenced—
some of them nearly completed—designed to pro
tect our principal seaports from Boston to New .
Orleans, and a law other important points. In
regard to the necessity for these works, it is be
lieved that little difference of opinion exists
among military men. I therefore recommend
that the appropriations necessary to prosecute
them be made.
I invite your attention to the remarks on this
subject, and on others ronnected with his De
partment, contained in the accompanying report
of the Secretary of War.
Measures have been token to carry into effect
the law of the last session making provision for
the improvement of certain rivers and harbors,
and it is believed that the arrangements made
for that purpose will combine efficiency with eco
nomy. Owing chiefly to the advanced season
when the act was passed, little has yet been done
in regard to many of the works beyond making
the necessary preparations. With respect to a
few of the improvements, the sums already ap
propriated will suffice to complete them, but moat
of them will require additional apptopriations.—
I trust that these appropriations will be made.
and that this wise and beneficent policy, so au
spiciously resumed, will bo continued. Great
care sholud be taken, however, to commence no
work which ia,not of sufficient importance to the
commerce of the country to he viewed as nation
al in he character. But works which have been
commenced should not be discontinued until
completed, as otherwise the sums expended will,
in most cases, be lost.
The report from the Navy Department will in
form you of the prosperous condition of the
branch of the public service committed to its
charge. It presents to your consideration many
topics and suggestions of which I ask your ap
proval. It exhibits an unusual degree of activ
ity in the operations of the Department during
the past year. The preparations for the Japan
expedition, to which I have already alluded ;
the arrangements made for the exploration and
survey of the China Seas, the Northern Pacific,
and flehring's Straits; the incipient measures
taken towards a reconnoissance of the continent
of Africa eastward - of Liberia ; the preparation
for an early examination of the tributaries of the
River La Platte, which a recent decree of the
provisional chief of the Argentine Confederation
has opened to navigation ; all these enterprises,
and the means by which they are proposed to
be accomplished, have commanded ,my full ap
probation, and I have no doubt will, be produc
tive of most useful results.
Two officers of the navy were heretofore in
structed to explore the whole extent of the Ama
zon river from the confines of Peru to its mouth.
'Phi return of one of them has placed in the
possession of the Governmer.t an interesting and
valuable account of the character and resources
of a country abounding in the materials of com
merce, and which, if opened to the industry of
the world, will prove an inexhausible fund of
wealth. The report of this exploration will be
communicated to you as soon as it is completed.
Among other subjects offered to your notice by
the Secretary of the Navy, I select for special
commendation, in view of its connection with
the interests of the navy, the plan
. submitted by
him for the establishment of a permanent coria
of seamen, and the suggestions he his presented
for the re-organization of the Naval Academy, •
In reference to the first of these, I take occa
sio■ to say that I think it will greatly improve
the efficiency of the service, and that I regard it
as still more entitled to favor for the salutary in
fluence it must exert upon the naval discipline,
now greatly disturbed by the increasing spirit of
trieslumligutios, sogrultol froze our primal; eye.
tern. The plan proposed for the organization of
seaman furnishes a judicious substitute for the
law of tiepterhbar, 15.50, abolishing corporal
punishment, and satisfactorily sustains the poli
cy of that act, under conditions well adapted to
maintain the authority of command and the or
der and security of our ships. It is believed that
any change which proposes permanently to dis
pense with this mode of punishment; should be
preceded by a system of enlistment which shall
supply the navy with seamen of the most meri
torious class, whose good deportment and pride
of character may preclude all occasion for a re•
sort•to penalties of a harsh or degrading nature.
The safety of a ship and her crew is often do•
pendant upon immediate obedience to a com
mand, end the authority to enforce it must be
equally ready: The arrest of refractory - seaman,
in such moments, not only deprives the ship of in
dispensable aid,but imposes a necessity for double
service on others whose fidelity to their duties
may be tolled upon in such an emergency.—
The exposure to this increased and ardu
ous labor, since the passage of the act of
1850. has already bad, to a most observable
and injurious extent, the effect of preventing
ilia enlistment of the beat seamen in the navy.
The plan now suggested is designed to promote a
condition of service in which this objection will
no longer exist. The details of this plan may
be established in great part, if not altogether, by
the Executive, under the authority of existing
laws; but I hayis thought it proper, in.accord
ance with the suggestion of the Secretary of the
Navy, to submit it to your approval.
The establishment of a corps of apprentices
for the navy, or boys to be enlisted until they
become of age, and to be employed under such
regulations as the Navy Department may devise
as proposed in the report. I cordially approve
and commend to your consideration; and I also
concur in the suggestion that this system for the
early training of seamen may be most usefully
engrafted upon the service of rour merchant ma
rine.
'The other proposition of the report to which I
have referred—the re-organization of the Naval
Academy—l recommend to your attention as a
project worthy of your encouragement and sup
port. The valuable services already rendered by
thisinstitution entitle it to the continuance of
your fostering care.
'Your attention is respectfully called to the re
port of the Postmaster General for the detailed
operation of his Department during the last fis
cal year, from which it will be seen that the re
ceipts from postages for that time were less by
$1,431,696 than for the' preceding fiscal year,
being a decrease, of about 23 per cent.
This diminution is attributable to the reduction
in the rates of postage made by the act of March
2;1851, which reduction took effect at the com
mencement at the last fiscal year.
Although in its operation during the last year
the act referred to has not fulfilled the predictions
of its friends, by increasing the correspondence of
the country in proportion to the reduction of
postage, I should nevertheless question the policy
of returning to higher rates. Experience war
rants the expectation that as the community be
comes accustomed to cheap posta g e, correspon
dence will increase. It is believed that from this
cause, and from the rapid growth of the country
in population and business, the receipts of the
Department must ultimately exceed its expenses,
and that the country may safely rely upon the
continuance of the present cheap rate of postage.
In former messages' have, among other things,
respectfully recommended to the consideration of ,
Congriss the propriety and necessity of further
legislation for the protection and punishment of
foreign consuls residing in the United States; to
revive with certain modifications the act of 10th
March, 1838, to restrain unlawful military expe
ditions against the inhabitants of conterminous
States or territories; for the preservation and pro
tection frcmmutilation or' theft of the papers, re
cords,and achives of the nation; for authorizing the
surplus revenue-to be applied to the payment of
the public debt in advance of the time when it
will become due; for the establishment of land
offices for the sale of the public lands in Califor
nia and the Territory of Oregon; for the con
struction of a road from the Mississippi valley 1
to the Pacilicocean ;•for the establishment of al
bureau of agriculture for the promotion of that
interest, perhaps the most important in the coun
try, for the prevention of frauds upon the Govern
ment in applications for pensions and bounty
lands; for the establishment of a uniform fee bill,
prescribing a specific compensation for every ser
vice requited of clerks, district attorneys, and
marshals; for' authorizing an additional regiment
of mounted men, for the defence of our frontiers
against the Indians, and for fulfilling our treaty
stipulations with Mexico to defend her citizens
against the Indians it with equal diligence and en
ergy as pur own;" for determining the relative
rank between the naval and civil officers in our
public ships, and between the officers of the Ar
my and Navyin the various grades of each ; for
reorganizing the naval establishment by fixing the
number of officers in each grade, and providing
for a retired list upon reduced pay of those unfit
for active duty; for prescribing and regulating
punishments in the navy; for the appointment
of a commission to revise the public statutes of
the United States, by arranging them in order,
supplying deficiencies, correcting incongruities,
simplifying their language, and reporting them
to Congress for its final action; and for the
establishment of a comm scion to adjudicate and
settle private claims against the United States.—
I am not aware, however, that any of these
subjects have been finally acted upon by Con
gress. Without repeating the reasons' for legisla
tion on these subjects which have been assigned in
former messages. I respectfully recommend them
again to your favorable consideration.
I ; think it due to the several Executive Depart
meats of this Government to bear testimony to
the efficiency and integrity with which they are
conducted. With all the careful superintendence
which it is possible for the Heads of those De
partments to exercise, still the due administration
and guardianship of the public money must very
much depend on the vigilance, intelligence, and
fidelity of the subordinate officers and clerks, and
especially on those entrusted with the settlement
and adjustment of claims and accounts. lam
gratified to believe that they have generally per
formed their duties faithfully and well. They are
appointed to guard the approaches to the public
Treasury, and they occupy positions that expose
them twat] the temptatione and seductions which
the cupidity of peculators and fraudulent claimants
can prompt them to employ. It will be but a
wise precaution to protect the Government against
that source of mischief and corruption, as far as it
can be done, by the enactment of all proper legal
penalties. The laws, in this respect, are supposed
to be defective, and I therefore deem it my duty to
call your attention to the subject, and to recom
mend that provision be made by law for the pun
ishment not only of those who shall accept bribes,
but also of those who shall either promise, give,
or offer to give to any of those officers or clerks a
bribe or reward touching or relating to any mat
ter of their official action or duty.
It has been the uniform policy of this Govern
ment from its foundation to the present day to ab
stain from all interference in the domestic affairs
of other nations. The consequence has been that
While the nations of Europe have been engiiged in
desolating ware, our country has pursued its peace
lul course to unexampled prosperity and happiness.
The wars in which we have been compelled to
engage, in defence of the rights and honor of the
country, have been fortunately of short duration.
During the terrific contest of nation against notion,
which succeeded the French revolution we were
enabled by the wisdom and firmness of President
Washington to maintain our neutrality. While
other nations were drawn into this wide sweeping
whirlpool, we sat quiet and unmoved upon our
own shores. While the flower of their numerous
armies was wasted by disease or perished by hun
dt eds of thousands upon the battle field, the youth
of this favored land were permitted to enjoy the
blessings of peace beneath the paternal roof.—
While the States of Europe incurred enormous
debts, under the burden of which their subjects
'still groan, and which meet absorb no small part
of the porduct of the honest industry of those
countries for generations to come, the United
States have once been enabled to exhibit .the proud
spectacle of a nation free from public debt ; and,
if permitted to pursue our prosperous way for . a
few years longer in peace, we may do the same
again.
i But it is now said by some that this policy
must be changed. Europe is no longer separated
from us by a voyage of months, but steam navi
gation has brought hen within a Sew days' sail of
our shores. We see more of her movements, and
take a deeper interest in her controversies. Al
though no one proposes that we should join the
fraternity of potentates who have for ages lavish.
ed the blood and treasure of their subj.ets in main
taining "the balance of power," yet it is said that
we ought to interfere between contending mover
efrns and their subjects, for the purpose of over
throwing the monarchies of Europe and establish
ing in their place republican institutions. It is elle
ged that we have heretofore pursued a different
corse from a sense of our weakness, but that now
our conscious strength dictates a change of policy,
and that,it is consequently our duty to mingle in
these contests and aid those who are struggling
for liberty.
This:is a most seductive but dangerous appal
tolh• puiroas vszpigkis Id /masa. limay.
ing as we do the blessings of a free government,
there is no man who has an American heart that
would not
,rejoice to see these blessings extended
[snail o:her nations. We cannot witness the strug
gle between the oppress,' and his oppressor any
where without the deepest sympathy for the for
mer, and the most anxious desire for his triumph.
Nevertheless. is it prudent or is it wise to involve
ourselves in these foreign wars? Is it indeed true
that We have heretolore refrained from doin g so
merely from the degrading motive of a conscious
weakness For the honor of the patriots who
have gone brfure us, I cannot admit it. Men of
the Revolution who drew the sword against the
oppressions of the mother country, and pledged
to Heaven "their lives, their fortunes. and their
sacred honor" to maintain their freedom, could
never have been actuated by so unworthy a mo
tive. They knew no weakness or fear where
right or duty pointed the way, and it is a libel
upon their fair fame for us, while we enjoy the
blessings for which they so nobly fought and bled,
to insinuate it. The truth is that the course
which they pursued was dictated by a stern sense
of international justice, by a statesmanlike pru
dence and a tar-seeing wisdom, looking not mere
ly to the present necessities but to the per
manest safety and interest of the country.—
They knew that the world is governed less by
sympathy than by reason and force ; that' it was
not possible for this nation to beconie a "propa
gandist" of free principles without arraying
against it the combined powers of Europe; and
that the result was morn likely to be the over
throw of republican liberty here than its estab
lishment there.
History has been written in vain for those who
can doubt this. France had no sooner establish
ed a republican form of government than she
manifested a desire to force its blessings on all
the world, Her own historian informs us
that hearing of some petty acts of tyren•
ny in a neighboring principality. U The Na-
tional Convention declared that she would
" afford succor and fraternity to all nations
"who wished to recover their liberty! and she
gave it in charge to the executive power to give
" orders to the generals of the French armies to
•• aid all citizens who might have been or should
be oppressed in the cause of liberty." Here was
the false step which led to her subsequent misfor
tunes. She soon found herself involved in wars
with all the rest of Europe. In less than ten
years her government was changed from a repub
lic to an empire; and finally, alter shedding riv
ers of blood, foreign powers restored her exiled
dynasty, and exhausted Europe sought peace and
repose in the unquestioned ascendency of mon
archial principles. Let us learn wisdom from
her example., Let its remember that revolutions
do not always establish freedom. Our own free
institutions were not the offspring of our Revolu
tion• They existed before. They were planted
in the free charters of self-government under
which the English colonies grew up, and our
Revolutiotionly freed us from the dominion of a
foreign power, whose government wasat varianae
with those institutions. But European nations
have had no such training for self-government,
and every effort to establish it by bloody revolu
ticrts has been, arid must, without that prepara•
tion, continue% to be a failure. Liberty, unregu ,
lated by law, degenerates into anarchy, which
soon becomes the most horrid ot all despotisms
Our policy is wisely to govern ourselves, and
thereby to set - such an example of national jus
tice, prosperity, and true glory, as shall teach to
all nations the blessings of self-government, and
the unparalleled enterprise and success of a free
people.
We live in an age of progress, and ours is
emphatically a country of progress. Within
the last half century the number of States in this
Union has nearly doubled, the population has
almost quadrupled, and our boundaries have
been extended from the Missit sippi to the Pa
cific. Our territory is chequered over with
railroads, and furrowed wtth canals. The in
ventive talent of our country is excited to the
highest pitch,, and the numerous applications
for patents fur valuable improvements distin
euish this age and this people from all others.
The genius of one American has enabled our
commerce to move against wind and lice, and
that of , another has annihilated distance in the
transmission of intelligence. The whole coun
try is full of enterprise.- Our common schools
are diffuhing intelligence among the ! eoplo
end our industry is fast accumulating the com
forts and luxuries of life. 1 his is in part ow
ing to our peculiar position, to our fertile soil,
and comparatively sparse population; but much
of it is also owing to the popular institutions
under which we live, to the freedom winch e
ery man feels to engage in any useful pursuit,
according to his taste or inclination, and .0 the
entire confidence that his person and property
will be protected by laws. But whatever may
be the cause of this unparalleled growth in pop
ulation. intelligence, and wealth, ono thine is
clear, that the Government must keep puce
with the progress of the people. It miler
participate in their spirit of enterprise, and
while it exacts cthedience.to the laws, and re
straints all unauthorized invasions of the rights
of neighboring States, it should foster and pro.
tent home industry, and lend its powerful
strength to the improvemem of such means of
intercommunication as are necessary to pro
mote our internal commerce and strengthen the
ties wh , cli bind us together as a people.
It is not strange, however much it may be
regretted, that such an exuberance of enter.
prise should Ca 1193 some individuals to mistake
change for progress, and the invasion of the
rights of others for national prowess and glory
The former are constantly agitatingjer some
change in the organic law, tr urging , new and
untried theories of human rights. The latter
are ever reedy to engage in any wild crusade
against a neighboring people, regardless of fhb
jumce of the enterprise, and without lurking
at the fatal consequences to ourselves and to
the entree of popular government. Snell xpo•
ditiens, however, ore often stimulated by mer
cenary individuals, who expect to share the
plunder of profit to the enterprise without ex
posing themselves to danger, and are led on by
same irresponsible foreigner, who alm•.es the
hospitality of our Government by seducing the
young and ignorant to join in his scheme of
pers.mal :ambition or revenge, under the false
and delusive pretence of extending the area of
freedom. These reprehensible aggressions
but retard the progress of our nation and tarn
ish its fair fame. They should, therefore. re•
ceiver the indignant frowns of every good 'citi
zen who sincerely loves his country and takes
a.pride in its prosperity and honor.
Our Constitution, though not perfect, is
doubtless the best that ever was formed.—
Therefore let every proposition to change it be
well weighed, and if found beneficial, cautious
ly adopted. Every patriot will rejoice to see
its authority so exerted as to advance the pros
perity and honor of the nation, whilst he will
watch with jealousy any attempt to mutilate
this charter of our libetiee, or pervert its pow.
era to acts of aggression or injestice. Thus
shall conservatism and progress blend their
harmonious action in preserving the form and
spirit of the Constitution, and at the same time
carry forward the great improvements of the
country with a rapidity and energy, which free
men only can display.
In closing tlfis, my last annual communica
tion, permit me, felloW•citizens, to congratu
late you on the prosperous condition of our be
loved country. Abroad its relations with all
foreign powers are friendly; its rights are re•
epected, and its high place in the family of na
tions cheerlully recognized. At home we en
joy an amount of happiness, public and private,
which has probably never fallen to the lot of
any other people. Besides affording to our own
citizens a degree of prosperity, of which on so
large a scale I know of no other instance. our
country is annually affording a aefuga and a
home to multitudes, altogether without exam
ple, from ,the Old World.
We owp these blessings, under Heaven, to
the happy Constitution and Government which
were bequeathed to us by our fathers. and
which ft is our limed duty to transmit in all
their integrity to our children. We mutt all
consider it a great distinction and privilege to
have boon chosen by the people to bear a part
in the administration of such a Government.—
Called by an unexpected dispensation to;:its
highest trust eta season of embarrassment and
alarm. I entered upon its arduous duties with
extreme diffidence. I claim only to have dis
charged them to the beet of an humble ability.
with n single eye to the public good ; and it is
with devout gratitude, in retiring from office.
that I leave the country in a state of peace and
prosperity. MILL A RD FILLMORE.
WASHINGTON, December 6, 1852.
CURt YOR CHAPPED HANDS.—Most of our
juveniles during the winter season, are
troubled with chapped hands ; fur the ben
efit of the mothers, who are obliged to lis
ten to their endless complaints, we publish
the following receipt for" chapped hands."
" Take three drachms of gum camphor,
three do. white beeswax, three do. sper
maceti, and two ounces olive oil—put then,
together in a cup upon the stove, whet.,
they will melt slowly and form a wbit,
ointment in a few minutes- the hand,
be affected, annoint them on, going to bed,
and put on a pair of gloves. A day or two
will suffice to heal them."
prlhe Ladies of the Union Dorcas Sooiety
acknowledge the reoeipt.of $27, from the dif
bruit Lodges of the I. 0.0. 7., for which they
Mass them their t b
IN THE MkTTF.R of the intended application of
Groans. Kiacnea, to the Court of Quarter ties-
skins, at January term, 1f3.53, for a license to
keep a tavern in the North-West Ward, in the
city of Lancaster, it being an old stand.
WE, the undersigned citizens of On N. W. Ward,
city of Lancaster, whero said inn or tavern is pro-
Posed to bo kept, do certify, that the said inn or
tavern is•necessary to accommridate the public and
entertain etrangere and travellers, and that we are
well acquainted with the said George Kircher,
is of good repute for honesty and temperance, and
and that he is well provided with house-room and
conveniences for the accommodation of etrangere
and travellers.
Jacob Wearer, Danl Harman, J. Frey, Peter
Harlacher, Geo Ford, Frederick Cooper, Watson
H. Miller, Peer McConomy, 11. A. Shaeffer, C. Ha
ger, M. Carpenter, Gen. M.lsser, W. F. Mayer,
Charles Shaeffer, Wendel Martzall,John A Shieren
brandt. Nov 36-3t.-45
IN THE MATTER of the intended application
of JOHN A. Scstenacricsrtr:., to the Court of Quer
ter Session at January term, 1853, for a license to
keep a tavern in the North-West Ward, Latinate'.
City, it being an old stand.
WE, the underawed citizens of the North-West
Ward, where said inn or tavern ia proposed to be
kept, do certfy, that the said inn or tavern is nec
essary to accommodate the public and entertain
strangers and travellers, and that we are well ac
quainted with the said John A. Scheurenbrand,
and that he is of good repute for honesty and tem
perance, and is well provided with house room and
conveniences for the accommodation of strangers
and travellers.
W m. F. Miller, Gilbert R. Hartley, Geo. Acker.
man, Wm F Mayer, Jon Drepperd , J. Frey, Jacob
Snyder, W. Martzall, Samuel Kissing. r, F. Gast,
F. Peuseh, Eli Webb, Chas.Shaeffer, Daniel, liar.
ialan, Adam Snyder, W.m. D. Groff, Chrn.• Myer,
H. Kraft, Joseph Brillbart. Nov 30-3t-•46
For Sale or Rent
CRAWFORD HOUSE, PORTSMOUTH, VA.
pHE subscriber to animates to retire from that old
I and well established stand known as the
CRAWFORD HOUSE. He therefore of f ers sTir
the same for sale or. Rent; tho house io welly,
furnished with every thing necceasary (or carryint
on the I lotel in all its branches, the situation be
ing central, and in the most business part of Ports
mouth, can be made ono of the most profitable Ho
tels in the United States.
It is near the terminus of the Seaboard eqd Roa
noke Railroad, and all the Steamboat linesv
The Hotel is large and is well furnished with
every convenience for the purpose for which it was
originally built.
There is attached a large yard and a sufficiency
of stabling, ice house, fc., &c.
For a business and enterprising man this is an
opportunity which seldom offers, and would not
now, but in consequence of the present proprietor
retiring.
Those desirous of purchasing or renting will
please call without delay, and enamine the promt
les.
Immediate possession given.
JOHN W. COLLINS,
Portsmouth, Virginia.
nov 30 3t-45]
Washington Street Property
AT PUBI.I SALE.
PO MONDAY, the 20th of December, 1862, the
ki subscriber will dispose of, at public sale, at
the hotel of Lewis Sprecher, in East King street,
ihe following describe • property, viz :
Three lots of ground, each fronting 17 feet 011
Washington street, in the city of Lanf-aster bound
ed by property of F. Laise on the west, and the
Common School property on the east, running back
96 feet to a twenty feet alley. On each of said iota
is erected a one-story BRICK DWELLING
with an attic, and the necessary out-build- ±9,
inv. The property is desirably located,
clear of ground rents, and will be sold together or
separately as may hest suit purchasers.
Possession will be given on the lin of April next,
when a title clear of all incumbrances will be
made.
Sale to commence at 6 o'clock in the evening of
the above mentioned day.
nov 30-Is-45) JAMES 11. BARNES.
New Court House Property
AT PUBLIC SALE.
ON Thursday December 9th, 1832, at '7 o'clock,
P. M., at Wright'e Hotel, South Queen -ct. will
be sold by public sale, that very valuable property
in Duke Street, immediately North of the New
Court House, late the estate of Dr. Samuel Humes,
deed, and partly occupied by him.
This property has a front, upon the new street
between it and the Court House, of '7O feet—and
ono upon Duke Street, northward to the 2nd Re
formed Church of V7O legit—and Ims erecte I upon
it FIVE DWELLING HNUSES. New stn
ble and other implovemeets,—with three
good wells, and also the Conestoga Water
introduced.
From the desirable locality and size ofthe ground
it would ho admirably calculated for the (tree ion
of a large Hotel, and a nuinher of Dwellings,
—or for a handsome row of 9 or 10 Dwellings alone
—presenting to capitalists and others, an opportu
m•y for investment that may not so n offer again.
The property will be divided into convenient
sized lota, a plan of which can be seen by calling
on the nubscriber,—and will be sold in lota, or en
tire, as may best suit purchasers.
HENRY CARPENTER, Executor.
td 44
Public Sale
ON Saturday, the ISth et December, 1852, will
be sold at public vendee, un the prennses, in
rolerain Township, Lancaster c unty, a Tract o
61 ACRES OF LAND, adjoi lag finds o f 3111111.19
earshall, Dr. John N. Emileman, John M'Clellan
and others, on which are erecied a good one Story
LOG DWELLING H0117 4 E, small Earn, .41
Spring • louse and other improveme..ts. yt
There is a spring of never failing excellent 14111
water, convenient to the dwelling. About 4/1
Acrs of the land is under good and thriving Om
'
cer and the greater part of the remainder 13 in a
good state in cultivation, with an OR HARD of
well selected fruit trees, in fine hearing order. The
property is convenient to Churches, Schou a, and
Mills, and offers inducements to pqrsona desirous
of purchasing a small FARM.
Sale to commence at I o'clock on Bald day, wheu
terms w:',ll be made known by
JOHN WHITESIDE,
Ass:g .ea of Dr. Goo. T. Dart; 4. Wile.
Nov. 30 td-43J
For Salo.
ARARE chance to make money—For Sale one
of the most vamable Eating and Drtnking
11011889 in the city, very favorably situated on
one of our greatest thoroughfares. The property
18 large and well arranged for doing business, and
is fitted up in the most costly and elegant style.—
A lease can be had for any length of time at a ve
ry low rate. Apply to or address
R. FREW:RICH!,
No. 36 North Bth street, Philatle phia.
3m-43
Mrs. Kerfoot
WILL open, on Thursday, (2d December)
doors below the Lancaster Bank, in youth
Queen street, a handsome assortment of
VELVET BONNETS, •;.
of the latest styles and patterns, to which
she invites the attention of the Ladies of Otis city
and vicinity. Nov 30—tf 45
Winter Bonnets.
ylrfcs RANNINGER having just returned from
Philadelphia with a very rich and beautiful
assortment of WINTER BONNETS and tir.
Fancy Trimmings of the most splendid pat
ferns and latest styles, begs leave to invite wed
the Ladies to give her a call and examine her stock.
Fier si k, Maim and velvet Bonnets are truly beauti
ful. She has also just received a pretty assortment
.if Ribbons, Artificial., Flowers, Bonnet Caps, and
a fine variety of Embroidery, cocsisiling 01 Laces
and Edinga. Also a lot Of Gloves, Hosiery, &c.,
very cheap. Please call, see, and examine for your
selves, at the old stand near the court house.
Mrs. R. hope. her Country friends will find ber
at her rooms, In North Queen et., immediately ad
joining the Printing Office ft. Book Store of John
Bear, where she will use her beet efforts as hereto-
fore to give aatisf ction. She would here take oc
casion to return thanks for past patronage, and
rusts that she may merit a continuance of those
favors. ploy. 23 tf-44
Fall and-Winter Fashions.
IS,;ES MARINE & KING, would respect.
AL !Lilly inform the Ladies of Lancaster city and
county, that they have received a largo and Me-
E ;ant assortment of
FALL AND WINTER MILLINERY,
at their old stand in East King street, a
rew doors east of Sprecher's Hotel, where they
will be cdetteed to see and are prepared to accommo
lam all who will favor them wttli their custom, In
rtyle, quality arid price equal with that of any other
millinery establishment in Lancaster city.
Nov 2 tf42
Fall and Winter Millinery.
TiE MISSES A. 4. E. KEENAN respectfully
inform thi.ir friends and the ladies of Lanc'r. city
and county in general, that they will open Titld
DAY, 16th inst., at their rooms, on the North-east
corner of Prince and Vine Streets, a beautiful as
...ttment of
FALL & WINTER MILLINERY, corn..
Prising Boiverra of every variety, and Rib
none ecthe neatest and latest styles. The ladies
ire invited to call and examine our.goode, at the
corner of Prince and Vino Streets. [Nov 16-4 t 43
Boarding.
AFEW persons either single gentlemen, or gen.
tleman and lady can be accomiidated with
doarding, on reasonable terms, with pleasant and
commodious rooms, by applying at the Granite
douse. North Queen Street. L. A. puzEit.
Sq. , . 9. 2m42.