SI)C Lancaster IntcUuu'na'v.
VOL. XLIX.
Lancaster intelligencer,
I’UHLISHF.n EVERY TUESDAY MORNINU,
BY E. W. HUTTER.
Office in “ Union Cpurf,” in the rear of the Marled
House, adjoining Centre Square. ■
' TKIIMS: ,
Kuusciuption.'—Two dollars per annum, payable
'iti advance! l\vo tWnntv-liVu, il‘ not paid within
mix months{ dud two llltv, If* not paid within the
year. No Mulnmrlptiou discontinued until nil ur*
ffiiruutjN urn paid. unless ut tlio option of the
Htlllor.
Adv^htisFjMßNTh.—Accompiuiioil by tin*CASH, uml
_net oxijofiiilna 'one s<|imn'i will hu inserted three
; time* (hr ono dollar, uml twenty-live cents loreueli
' additional Insertion. Thuso.of a greater length
In proportion,
Jon f , nrNTiNQ.=»Suoh hh lluml JIIIU, Posting Bills,
Pamphlets, Blanks, Labels, ice,, ice,, executed
- with accuracy and at the shortest untico,
ADVERTISEMENTS.
By the President of the United
States.
IN pursuance of law, I. JAMES K. POLIv. Pres
ident of the United States of America, do
hereby declare and make known, that public sales'
will be held at the undermentioned Land Offices, in
Wisconsin, at the periods hereinafter designated, to
wit:—
At the Land Office at’ the “ FALLS OF ST.
CROIX RIVER,” commencing on MONDAY, the
fourteenth day of August next, for the disposal of
thelpublic lands within the undermentioned town
ships, to wit:
North of the bane line, and west of the fourth prin-
' ‘j- cipalmeridian.
Townships twenty-five and twenty-six of range one.
Townships twenty-five, twenty-six, and twenty-
seven, of range two.
Townships twenty-eight and twenty-nine of .range
SEVENTEEN.
Townships twenty-nine, thirty, arid thirtv-two, of
range eighteen.
Townships thirty, and fractional townships thirty
one and thirty-two, of range nineteen.
Fractional townships twenty=nifie and thirty, and
townships thirty-one and thirty-two of range
twenty.
At the SAME PLACE, commencing on MOX
•DAY, the twenty-eighth day of August next, for
the disposal of the public land's within the umler
tmentioned townships and fractional townships, to
wit:
North of the base line, and west of the fourth prin
cipal meridian.
Fractional townships twenty-six and twenty-seven,
and townships twenty-eight, twenty-nine, thirty
one, and thirty two, of range twenty-one.
Fractional townships twenty-eight jmd twentv-nine,
and townships thirty and thirty-one, of range
TWENTY-THREE.
Fractional townships twenty-nine, thirty, and thirty
one, of range twenty-four.
At the Land Office at GREEN BAY, commene
lngion MONDAY, the twenty-first day of August
next, for the disDosal of the public lands situated
within the undermentioned townships and fractional
townships, viz :
Norf/i of the base line, and east of the fourth princi-
pal meridian
Townships thirty-five, thirty-six, and thirty-seven,
* aiid fractional township thirty-eight, of range
twenty.
Fractional townships thirty-five, thirty-six.- thirty
seven and thirty-eight, of range twenty-one.
Fractional townships thirty-five, thirty-six, thirty
seven and .thirty-eight of range tW^nty-two.
Lands appropriated hv law lor the use of schools,
military, or other purposes, will_.be excluded from
thesale's. 7.
The offering of the above mentioned lands will
be commenced on the Javs appointed, and proceed
in the order in which they are advertised, with all
convenient dispatch, until the whole'shal! have
been offered and the sales tlwis closed. But no
sile shall be kept open longer than two weeks, and
no private entry of any of the lands will be admit
ted until the expiration of the two weeks.
Given under my hand at the City of Washington,
this eighth day of May, Anno Domini one thousand
eighty hundred and forty-eight.
By the President: JAMES K. POLK.
Richard i\l. Young,
Commissioner of the Ceneral Land Ojfirc.
NOTICE TO PRE-EMPTION CLAIMANTS.
Every person entitled to the right of pre-emption
to any of the lands.within the townships and frac
tional townships above enumerated, is required to
establish the same to the satisfaction of the Regis
ter and Receiver of the proper land office, and
make payment therefore soon ns practicable after
seeing this notice, and before the day appointed
. for the commencement of the public sale of the
i lands embracing the tract claimed, ortlierwise such
claim will be forfeited.
RICHARD M. YOUNG,
Commissioner of the General Land Office
May 23 17-13 t
ID* BOOK. BODERY’«OI
W. O. Illckok,
(Successor to Hickok 4- Cant hie, J BOOK BINDER, i
and Blank Book Manufacturer, Harrisburg, Pa. \
THE'subscriber respectfully informs his frieiuls j
and the public, that he is now carrying on the
aobve business in the old stand, formerly occupied j
by .Hickok & Cantinc. As the building has for the i
Jast eight years been conducted by him, he Hatters
himself that, by careful attention to business, lie
will merit and still receive a continuance of tlTe
patronage so liberally enjoyed by the old firm.
Particular attention will be paid to the ruling and
binding of every description of BLANK BOOKS,
fox banks, county offices, merchants, and private in
-'dividuals, such as
Discount Ledgers,
General . do. • 1
Discount Note Books, j
Check Books, {
Tellers’ Statements, j
Ticklers, !
Scratches,
Weekly Statements,
Letter Books,
Cash Books,
Copy Books,
Pass Books,
Day Books,
Journals,
WITH EVERY
Full and Half Bound Blank Books.
He has made particular.'arrangements to supply
Prothonotaries with the new and approved Judg
ment Docket and Register, with the new Statement
of Administration Acct., Old Books, Periodicals,
Xaw Books, Music, Newspapers, &c., bound to any
'pattern, and in any style required. He has made
full and ample arrangements to bind Harper’s Il
lustrated Edition of the Bible, and Harper’s' Illu
minated Shakspeare, in a style of magnificence not
to be excelled in the cities, in either Velvet, Tur
key, Morocco, Calf or Sheep, and at very reasona
ble prices. Copying Presses supplied to order.—
Paper Ruled'to Pattern. All work warranted.
References in the City of Lancaster—J. Gish &
Co., Booksellers, E. W. Huttbr, Editor of the
Lancaster Intelligencer .
| Harrisburg, May -23, 1848
Fall Fashions.
D SHULTZ, Hatter, No. 19£ North Queen st.,
, would respectfully inform his friends and the
public that he has just received from New York and
Philadelphia the latest Fall and Winter Fashions,
and wili be pleased to furnish his customers and all
others with them at the shortest notice. As all his
Hats are manufactured under his immediate super'
intendence, he feels warranted in saving, that for
durability and finish they cannot be surpassed by
any establishment in this 'or any other city in the
Union. : His 6tock consists of Beaver, 'Nutria,
Brush, Russia, Cassimere, Moleskin, Silk, Bcc. &c.
which he will dispose of at the lowest prices. Call
and examine his stock before purchasing elsewhere.
; CAPS, CAPS!
Hhtossortment of Caps is one of the most extensive
city and he is adding to it daily. Customers
may rest assured thatf they will be suited, as he has
carefully selected his stock from the largest assort
ments in New York and Philadelphia. Don’t for
get the stand, directly opposite Michael’s Hotel,
North Queen street.
; Country Merchants visiting Lancaster, dealing in
Hats or Caps, can be supplied at wholesale prices,
from one to a dozen, such as they may want.
He also informs his numerous friends and custo
mers that he still continues to conduct the Hatting
business in all branches as heretofore, at his
OLD STAND IN NEW HOLLAND,
to which place all orders for the delivery of Hats
are requested to be forwarded
jsep 4 14-^y
AND ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN. I/n Kramph's Building, first door on the second floor.
WHEREAS, I, Jacob. Weitzel, of the city ofl rTIHE undersigned, Mary A. Ranninger. herc-
Laucastor, coppersmith, have received by let- JL with respectfully informs the public, that she
tern Patent, recorded in the Patent the city j intends, on Tuesday, the 18th of April, instant, to
of Washington, certain .useful improvements in the | upon a Bplcndid assortment of
construction of Stills, which improvements consist! i\lllilttn»v li'ni'fl
,r an ii'diUttunril ,üb. called u do.. tag tub, wind, j jn (ha , 1,” b ‘occ’rTi" .Tuhn.nn.
b.lb? l-'>«l.vubovu tiledill,,f .Aid, tub tin, | (J ,, ucrrP l, lv|m fe,, in Mr. , t . Krll ,
doubler is inclosed, the beer which is pumped into pi , # »»•' v .... n , ’ .1
,i,«niud t:;,,3'rir fiii:: ( ; ■; 3 • 1
tub bituTli " mii!" l " h llm " ll "’ r ’ " r lfum ll "’ I AH l.°r article* urn od the ho.t ~,mlity. «f the
incut. W. boon violated by several di.tilier. u tl,i» ! btmw, !• it,toy ami timing Uounma, Hiblnun.
county and in veriou. other placci, I horcbv give »'“»"*• Bu ,T , imd «">“ C »P*> to lur.. Mourn*
r , , • h i 1 ini; Caps and Collars, acc. &.e,, ns wc 11 as m u so
notice, that unltfss those persons who have made ~ h 4 , 1 . „ , . .r. n~ i •
use ol’my invention, or have it now in use, without looted assortment of ho handsomest Dress f.ood
being authorized by mo. como Ibrwurd and mako evor olku-ed to tbd pubiic boforo. ■
lull reparation for having''infringed my patent right, old Bonnoto will also be altered and made n,
on or belbro the first day of March nt.U, suit will 1 ai ' o "V' l he m ° st lasl,1 “ ,ml)lc st - v ?■ " -,th ,he S™',
be instituted against all and every such person or “ re >£ nd **“ re f onab 0 “ r ”! s - ,
persons. JACOB WEITZEL. Bom,its a,,d f-entlemen’s Hats wlmened am.
Feb. 22 IS4S tf-4 pressed.
’ ' Notwithstanding that the Ladies, far and naan.
are fully convinced of her superior work, she nev- :
crtheless does not consider it superfluous, here tr
stale, that she has, at the same time, employed the
best and most experienced assistants!** herbusiness.
and no apprentices, who are merely learning the
trade: Hence she is fully enabled, in every poin?
of view, to render full and complete satisfaction to
those who mav favor her with a call.
MARY A. RANNINGER.
Lancaster, April 11, 1848. 3m-11
Warren county, (Virginia,) Land
at Private .Sale.
THK subscriber is desirous to dispose of his val
uable Farm, situated on the Shenandoah River,
live miles above Front Royal (the county town) and
containing about 4(JU acres, a large propor
tion of which is first quality meadow. This
Farm is beautifully timbered, well watered,
admirably located in point of health, conve-
society. The greater part of this land
is in the highest state of cultivation, well set in
clover, and highly productive; upon the Farm are
.. several comfortable Dwelling and an
: »}{jj| excellent store house, and the greatest abun
d4Jq£idunce of the finest fruit ot all descriptions. If
desirable this Farm might be divided into two or
more Farms, giving to each a sufficiency of timber
and water, and whejj the projected improvement
of the Shenandoah River shall be completed (which
it soon will be) this property cannot fail to be im
mensely valuable. I deem it unnecessary to give
a more detailed description as persons desiring to
purchase will doubtless examine for themselves.
Any communications addressed to me at Front
Rovai, Warren county, (Va.) will receive attention.
April IS, 184S-2m*-12] WM. BENNET.
ALL persons wishing to roof eithernew or old
buildings with slate are hereby informed that
the subscribers have now on hand at their quarries
at Peach Bottom, Lancaster county, a large quan
tity of ROOFING SLATE, of a superior quality ;
also a proportion of second quality ; all of which
they will dispose of on very accommodating terms,
either by the ton or by the square when put on the
roof.
Persons wishing to roof buildings of any descrip
tion can always be supplied at the sho'rfest notice
by calling on the undersigned partner, at his Mills,
near Goshen post office,Fulton township, in person,
or address him by letter, directed to that office, and
they will be promptly attended to. They also fur
ther request those who may find it more convenient
to call on John'Ehler, Esq., of the city of Lancas
ter, or on Mr. Jeremiah Brown, of-Columbia, thev
being fullvauthorized to contract for said company.
SLATER BROWN k CO.'
Fulton twp., Feb. 29, IS4S. 4m-5
MICHAEL McGRANN takes occasion to in
form his patrons and the public generally,
that lie has removed from his .old Tavern Stand, to
a two story brick house nearly opposite, one door
north of IVentz £ Brother's Bee Hive Store, in
North Queen street, where lie will be most happv
tO acCOUimod.ilt? Itis numerous cnatomero. Win
table and bar will be constantly supplied by the
best the market and season can afford, and on the
premises there is sufiicientstablingto accommodate
a large number of horses. The place having un
dergone a thorough repair, i\lr. feels able
to render entire satisfaction to his customers, and
lie trusts to receive a continuance ofthevery liberal
degree of patronage heretofore extended to him
He would also inform his old customers, that he
still follows the bottling business, and is ready to
supply then with bottled PORTER, ALE, CIDER,
and BROWN - STOUT, at the old prices and the
usual distances from the city
April 11
MR. NOAH SMITH, who has been for some
time past in the employ of Mr. Landis, the
founder of this popular establishment, takes plea
sure in informing the citizens of the city and coun
ty of Lancaster, that he has purchased the same
from Mr. Landis, ami that from this date it will be
under his control and direction.
The Museum has been thoroughly refitted of late,
with new decorations, scenery, &c., and a great
many specimens of natural and artificial curiosities
have been added to the heretofore large catalogue.
Mr. Smith assures the friends and patrons of this
delightful Repository of Art and Science, that no
pains on his part-will he spared to render it worthy
of' a visit from the philosopher or antiquarian, as
well as from those of’ an humbler sphere. Admis
sion Scents. [Lancaster, April 11, IS4B-3m-n
IS4S Conestoga Navigation. ISIS
Transportation to Philadelphia and Baltimore!
AT REDUCED RATES OF FREIGHT.
rpHE Farmers, Millers, and Storekeepers of Lan-
I caster county are informed that the “ Conesto
ga Transportation Company *’ will place a new and
superior line of Freight Boats on the water from
Lancaster to Philadelphia and Baltimore via Con
estoga Navigation and Tide Water Canal, immedi
ately on the opening of the Canals —and will run
constantly and regularly through the season. The
rates of freight will be as follows t
Flour, - - - • 22 cents per barrel.
Grain, - 7£ 11 “ bushel.
Groceries, Drv goods, &c.> IC . -
... i f . > lb cents per 100 lbs.
delivered in Lancaster, j 1
; For further particulars apply at the office of the
| Conestoga Navigation Company or to
; GEORGE CALDERj Agent.
; Lancaster, Feb. 29, IS4S. 5-3 m
Judgment Dockets,
Appearance do.
Quarter Sessions do.
Execution do.
Election do.
Orphans’ Court do.
Naturalization do.
Sheriff’s do.
Justices" do.
Ad Sectum Index do.
Deed Rooks,
Invoice -Books,
Commission Books.
Miscellaneous do. r
THE subscriber repectfully informs his friends
and the public that he has removed to the old
established and w’ell known shop lately occupied by
William Cox, in North Duke street, on the Railroad,
where he is prepared to do all kinds of work, such
as making and repairing
CARRIAGES, BAROUCHES, BUGGIES,
SQUARE CARRIAGES,
VARIETY OF
and vehicles of every kind belonging to the coach
making Business.
New worlfHvili be sold, and repairing of all kinds
done cheaper, than at any other establishment in
this city, and all work will be done in the best and
most fashionable style, and manufactured from the
best materials. All new work warranted.
He returns his thanks to the public for the liberal
encourgement heretofore extended to him, and
hopes by strict personal attention to business, and
moderate charges to merit and receive a continuance
of public patronage. GEO. B. MOWERY.
April 18, 1848. • 12-6 m
W. 0. HICKOK.
6m-17
Look Here! Clocks and Watches.
THE undersigned has just returned from
Philadelphia with a new and splendid
assortment of Clocks, Watches, Accordeons, fc- 1
Musical Boxes, Gold Pens, &c., which he
prepared to dispose of on the most reasonable
terms. Among his assortment may be found Gold
.and Silver Levers, Imitation Levers, Quartiers and
English Watches, and a new article of Clocks, and
all articles usually kept in his line. He respect
fully invites the inspection of his friends both in
town and country to his stock of goods with the as
surance that from his assortment they cannot fail to
make a selection of any article they may want.
Repairing attended to as usual, and all work
warranted. JOHN BROWN, A'gt.
Feb. 15, 1848. 3
Chair Maker, Paper Hanger
and Painter.
Corner of South Queen and Vine streets.
THE undersigned respectfully informs his friends
and the public that he has now on hand, and
is constantly manufacturing to order CHAIRS (ft
of all kinds and descriptions, from the highest fopa
to the lowestprice. Theyhavebeen generally / ‘fl
admired —are elegantly finished, and are of the most
durable character.
House painting in all its varieties executed by
the undersigned. His prices will be found extremely
moderate.
All orders for Paper Hanging will be promptly
executed. GEORGE F. ROTE,
dec 22 1847 v 44-ly
DAVID SHULTZ
ADVERTISEMENTS.
Votive to Distillers,
Slate for Sale.
REMOVAL,
Lancaster Museum,
AND GALLERY OF FINE ARTS.
Removal.
“ THAT COUNTRY IS THE MOST PROSPEROUS, WHERE LABOR COMMANDS THE GREATEST REWARD.’
CITY OF LANCASTER, TUESDAY MORNING, JUNE 6, 1848.
ADVERTISEMENTS.
Lancaster city & county Millinery.
Carriage Manufactory.
THE undersigned respectfully informs the publi
that lie lias removed his extensive
COACHMAKING ESTABLISHMENT.
to the town ofSchoeneck, in Lancaster county, 1;
miles from Womelsdorf, in Berks county, where liP
formerly conducted the same business, and 15 mile
from Reading. He is now prepared, at his ne 1 '
stand, to manufacture every article in his line, an* 11
also to execute repairs of coaches and other veh
cles at the shortest notice, and at the most reasoi
able prices. He has constantly on hand a complei
assortment of
Coaches, Barouches, Rockaways,
with single or double seats, Buggys,
with or without covers, made according to thj
newest style and of the best materials, which tV
durability and neatness cannot be excelled. Pei
sons desiring neat, cheap and substantial
will therefore find it to their advantage to patron
ise this establishment, as his work is not to be sur
passed. Orders, addressed to the Schoeneck P.
0., county, wiji be promptly executed,
and the work will be delivered wherever customers
may require it.
Carriages and buggys somewhat worn, will be
taken in exchange for new work—as also country
produce.
Old coaches and buggys on hand, selling from
s2sto $5O. Old vehicles repaired and repainted
equal to any new. ,
He will spare no pains to merit a continuance
of public patronage, especially from his old custo
mers in Lancaster and Berks counties,
Schoeneck, May 2, IS4S.
Sprecher & Rolirer’s liieap Iliird-
Ware Store.
HARDWARE, Glass, Paints,Oils,and Varnishes
at tliat long established stand, East King st.,
Lancaster, formerly occupied by ilowett & Krieder,
a few doors east of the Court House, next door to
the Drug Store of James Smith, and opposite Geo.
Messenkop\s Hotel, which they have recently taken
anil where they will cany u., the Iniblia-os.
They most respectfully beg leave to invite the
attention of their friends and acquaintances to their
stock of Hardware, which they have just opened
and will sell at the most reasonable prices, includ-:
ing every variety of Iron and Steel, Latches, Locks,
Bolts, Hinges, Screws, and all kinds of building
materials, everv description of Files, Blacksmith’s
Bellows, Saddlery, best warranted Edge Tools,
Planes, and Veneers. Also a complete assortment
of CEDAR WARE, such as tubs, buckets, butter
churns, together with every article in their line.
They will keep constantly on hand every variety of
Coal and Wood Stoves; also a highly approved
COOKING STOVE.
The attention of young beginners is particularly
called to their full and complete assortment of
household utensils.
Determined to spare no pains to accommodate
purchasers, and by steady adherence to business,
they expect to merit a continuance of the liberal
patronage thus far bestowed upon them.
GEORGE D. SPRECHER,
REUBEN S. ItOHRER.
Old Metal and Flaxseed taken in exchange for
goods. janl3-50
REMOVAL—T. C. WILEY, “
Fashionable Boot and Ladies Shoe
Establishment.
THE undersigned begs leave to return hiscPJji
thanks to the public for the encourage-JMuJ
ment heretofore extended to Inin, and to ac
quaint his former patrons and friends and the pub
lic generally, that lie lias 'removed his fashionable
boot and shoe store from North Queen to East King.
street, dirictly opposite Mrs. Mcsscnkop’s Hotel,
and ojie door east of Janies Smith's Apothecary,
where he is prepared to do all work in his line of
business with neatness and despatch. He lias on
hand a general assortment of
French & Morocco Skins for Boots,
to which branch of his business he devotes particu
lar attention, and guarantees his Boots to be made
in the neatest and most fashionable manner. He
has also just received from the city an assortment
of lasts of the most fashionable styles for Ladies
Shoes. He also keeps constantly on hand an as
sortment of Ladies’ and Misses’ Shoes of his own
manufacture, which he is confident will give gen
eral satisfaction, as they are made in the neatest
and most fashionable manner.
April 25, IS4S.
Salisbury Handle Manufactory
and Turning Mill.
THE subscribers tender their thanks to their
friends for the patronage extended to them in
the business in which they are engaged} and res
pectfully solicit a continuance ol their favors.
They now inform their friends and the public
generally, that. they continue to manufacture
at their establishment at Salisbury, {on the Phila
delphia and Lancaster turnpike, one mile east of
Kinzer’s and one mile north of the Gap,) Broom,
Brush, Hoe, Shovel ar.d Fork Handles, Plastering
Lath turned and sawed, Pallinc, Bench Screws, See
They have also, an excellent Turning Mill con
nected with their establishment, and are prepared
to do all kinds of Turning in wood, such as Porch
Columns, Cabinet, Coach and Wagon Turning oi
all kinds with promptness and despatch.
They have now on hand a lot of seasoned lumber,
suitable for Cabinet Makers use, which will be
turned to order or disposed of on reasonable terms.
Also, a large lot of prime Ash Plank which will
be sold low and sawed if wished to any size.
Any communications directed to Gap Post Office,
Lancaster county, will meet with prompt attention,
sept 7 ’47-32-ly A. F. & S. C. SLAYMAKER-
Castings! Castings!
THE Subscribers having rented the shop, to
gether with all the Lathes, Tools, Patterns,
&c., belonging to Pennel & Lenher, late in the oc
cupancy of James H. Pennel, they are prepared to
do all kinds of
CASTING AND FINISHING.
such as Railroad work, Furnace and Forge Cast
ings, Mill Gearing, Factory work, Horse Power
and Agricultural Castings, &c.
Having patterns of every description on hand,
they are prepared to execute all orders at the
shortest notice. Also, Patterns made to order.
From the known experience of the subscribers
in tl)e above business, the assurance is given that
all orders will he faithfully executed.
May 2, 1848.
New Supply of Boots & Shoes
Gum Shoes, &c.
THE subscriber has just received a new* Wi
supply of;Boots, Shoes, Gum Shoes, &c., at
his stand, in North Queen Street, two doors above
the Post Office, to which he invites the attention of
his patrons and the public in general.
He has a. supply of Gum Shoes of every descrip
tion, consisting of Buskins, Sandals, and plain,
with double soles, and also a> common article.
Nov 9 ’47-41j ADAM S. KELLER-
LIFE AND PUBLIC SERVICES
GEN. I.FAY IS CASS,
Sun «/ a Revolutionary- Soltlirr.
I.vwiß .win, burn jit.K.x>!ti’r, in Nfwllamn-
LET lliein cull nt tin 1 Bi-t- (live Bture t Nor
Queen ntreet, and see ; lierff they cijn buy u
: much for $l.O0 —as they a short time ago wouj
have to pay $2.00 for. This then isa radical chuuf
for the express benefit of the people.. Let thej
call early and see the
LARGE LOTS- tings at Amherlsburg and Detroit, and were in lull
;of and beautiful Goods just opening : ft retreat for Lake Ontario. The American army
j Revolutions now-a-days are remarkable for the. immediately commenced the pursuit, and after
BREVITY. . capturing two small detachments, which offered
i Splendid Lawns, last I2J cts. some resistance in favorable positions, overtook the
38 inch Muslins, heavy and fine, for 6f cts. enenl y at the Moravian towns on the river Thames,
, . , . , ,-di W ?r 1 Dii i 50. about eighty miles from Detroit. The British
: A good article ot Plain Modes and Blk. only 12i cti \,n J . \ i . v-
I A good article, Highly Cameleon. ' G ™ eral (R™ ator .) h * nlseU t unequal to h,=
i Mourning Dress Goods : command. Having some days the start, it he de
; Ladies can be supplied with every article R si&ned to escape, he should - ha\ e pushed his retreat
I mourning. ’ as rapidly as possible. But he moved slowly, en- i
; Good plain Blk. Chintzes, only • 12* ct cumbered with much heavy baggage, and finding
| Good “ Lawns, ’ 12i, 18 and 25 ct the American army closing upon him, he prepared
Mazatlann, Bereges and Silk Tissues. for battle. The ground he chose was heavily cov-
Ladies Gloves: 1 ered with trees, arid his left rested upon the river
Lisle thread, Silk and Kid ; Misses Gloves in variety Thames, while his right extended into the woods.
At the Bee Hive. ' terminating in a marsh. This flank was occupied
v CHAB. E. WENTZ &, BRO. ; fiy the Indians, who it was intended should turn the'
, . -Ginghams: ' American left wing and attain the rear. The army
Just opened, 4 cases ot splendid French; Scotc movet i so'rapidly that many of the troops were leit
and English Dress Gnighanfs; New patterns an and £ SI 4 U po ,-t,cm only of Gen. Cass's
verv cheap—at THE BEE HIV L, North Queen s 1 , ... 3 » • ,
, ' Ladies Hummer Dresses. . command vras m the battle; they were stationed
.The greatest variety of the most splendid stvh imiT,e( h nlc ly j n front oftheenemy s artillery, "meh
, just received, among the newest styles are j commanded the road, with directions to chafge upon
Mazatlans, . . Magnificent'it as soon as the action commenced. Gen. Cass-
Zephrines, .... Beautiful. ' volunteered his services, together with Commodore
; Zephr Tissues, . . . Lovely. Perry, to*assist Gen. Harrison; and at the moment
Pompadours, .... Fascinating of the charge of Col. Johnson's regiment, which
• &r. &c«, perfectly exhaustless, at the 1 decided the late of the day, General Cass took a
BEE HIVE, North Queen street, position with the right wing of it. commanded by
CH AS. E. \V ENTZ & BRO. LiGtitcnant Colonel Johnson, and accompanied it in
- _ onne t ons. its charge upon the British line. It was a danger
■ Just opening, the newest styles for Spring and Sue ®. ‘ , , 7? -
I mer, the greatest variety ewr seen in Lancaster.- experiment to charge.a me ol disciplined br.t
-! Great care lias been taken in the selection ofstvll lsh sobtlCTsby undisciplined mounted Americans;
' T i • i . i -u 7Tf ,'f '•' ‘ but valor supplied the pace ol discipline; and. not-
In ISUG, he was elected a member ol the Lems- . , t 1 G .[ * ’
, .. f \,. i i - lt -i. "i • withstanding the resistance, that brave regiment
lature ot Ohio, and during tne session he took his , . - , = =
. , , r.i i u i i - i .i broke through the line, and instant y the enemy
part in the business of the day. He draughted the , , ~ /
* ~ i . . . •. . j • ° was thrown into contusion, and threw down their
aw which arrested the traitorous designs ot Burr. , . - tU \, . „ - r , l}
, . , , n v t 1/ n\ -\ • i arms, happy to escape with their lives. Iheßnt
and introduced an'address to Mr. Jeflerson. which . , M’r» t 1 ,, , , . *
• , i,i „ „ u ish general. Proctor, lied almost at thq commence
v. as unanimously adopted, expressing the attach- s , . ■ . , , , r . r ,
. , J , erw- ♦ r r ment of the action, and was pursued by General
ment of the people of Ohio to the constitution of „ . , , . -i u i i
, T I T , .. 1 F Cass, with a detachment, tor some mi es. but could
the United btates. and their confidence m that ulus- . ,
trious man. In March, 18u7. he was appointed, no T er a \.en. , . , .
T a. ■«, li, r»u- t ,i It is well known, that in this important battle
by Mr. Jefferson, Marshal ot Ohio. In the exeeu- ... , n , . ~ n i •
y -,ii - General Lass bore a prominent part, tully sharing
tion ot the duties ot that office, in the business ot . . , , ' J- . ,
. . ‘ . i • .1 V c r ■ in the exposure and dangers oi the conflict. An
his profession, and m the occupation of a farm in ,
K ■ . l t* „-i„i l i eye-witness, writing some twelve years since, says;
Muskingum county, where he resided, he passed ■ r . T , 11 n ,<• ’ i
! - .. f 1 •• In the autumn of 1 bid. l well recollect General
us time min | n f the northwestern army, commanded by
Harrison and Shelby. He was conspicuous at the
landing of the troops upon the Canada shore, below
Malden, on the 27th of September, and conspicuous
at the bailie of the Thames, as the volunteer aid of
the commanding general. 1 saw him in the midst
of the battle, in the deep woods upon the banks ol'
the Thames, during the roar and clangor of fire
arms.'and savage yells of the enemy. Then I was
Utictll .Viml. xG-.-.v..,. ......1 .. -• ..
JESSE REINHOLD.
Gm-14
Then our difficulties with England assumed a pro
tentous aspect. ILt multiplied aggressions left'
us no recourse but war: and the statesmen of the
day prepared for it with firmness. As one of the
preparatory arrangements, it was determined to
march a considerable force to the north western
r.i.o fm- .itThnri--* nr rlpiV>iKivp meas
ures, as circumstances might nyirler it necessary.
The command was given to General Hull; and a
regiment of regular troops, which, hud fought with
credit at Tippecanoe, was assigned to hint.—
To this were To be added three regiments of
Ohio volunteers. As soon as this demand 'upon
their patriotism was known, the citizens ol
that State hastened to the call of their count)y,
and the force was raised without delay or
difficulty. Mr. Cass was among the volunteers,
and was elected to the command of the third regi
ment. He proceeded immediately with his regi
ment to Dayton, where the army was concentrated,
and whence it commenced its march for Detroit.
The country was a trackless forest, and much of
it was low and wet. Great difficulties were inter
posed to the advance of the troops by the streams
and marshes, and by the necessity of cutting a road.
But these were overcome with the usual good will
ami perseverance of the American soldiers. The
army reached Detroit on the -Ith of July, ISI2.
Official information that war would be declared,
overtook them in the wilderness; but the declara
tion itself was not received until they reached De
troit. Col. Cass was perhaps more earnest for an
invasion-of Canada than nny other officer in Hull's
army. He w<is decidedly in favor of making an
early anil decisive movement, before the British
should be prepared for the invasion. \Ye conceive
it to be no dfsparagement to any one to say that lie
was the master-spirit of that army until the affair
; at the Canadas ; after which, it is known he disap-
I proved of- every step taken by the commanding
general. There cun now be no doubt that Hull's
army never would have entered Canada but for the
persuasions of Col. Ciiss. So anxious was ho to
push forward and do something to meet the just
expectations of the administration and the countrv,
that he comanded the advanced detachment, and
icas the first man to land in arms in the enemy’s coun
try.
On the 15th of July he was ordered to attack a
British detachment stationed ai the river Aux
Canards, about fifteen miles from - Detroit, and five
miles from Fort Malden, then the British head
quarters. He crossed the river some distance above
the enemy's post, and briskly attacked them; when,
after some loss, they fled. Here was spilt the first
blood during the last war. Col. Cass took posses
ion of the abandoned position, and immediately de
spatched a messenger to Gen. Hull, informing him
of his success, and advising him to march imme
diately to Fort Malden—the road to which was
opened. Hud this been done, success must h ivc
crowned the operation, and the war, in that quarter,
would have been over. He was, however, sadly
disappointed by the indecision of Hull, who ordered
him to return and join the army. From This mo
ment bad counsels prevailed, the army lost all con
fidence in Hull, and he proceeded in his own course,
regardless of the advice or remonstrance of his
officers. About three weeks after the affair at the
Canards, the whole army was ordered across the
the river to Detroit: in which time, had Col. Cass'
advice been taken, Malden might have been reduced,
and a secure lodgment made in Upper Canada. The
order of Hull to return was not less unexpected to
the army than was the disgraceful surrender at
Detroit, without a shot being fired, overwhelming
to the country.
T. C. WILEY.
tf-13
Breaks his sword at Hull's Surrender of
On entering Canada, General Hull distributed a
proclamation among the inhabitants, which, for
the ejcgance and high spirit that it contained, can
not be surpassed: but it was sadly in contrast with
the fulfilment of its professions. Unfortunately’
for the country, the author of the proclamation,
Col. Cass,'was not the commander of the army.
Had he been so, the country would have been saved
the mortification of beholding the-descent from the
promise to the fulfilment. As it was, he used every
exertion to arouse in the commanding general that
spirit of patriotism which breathes in every line of
the admirable paper, but in vain. A spirit of in
fatuation, or something worse, seized upon Hull,
and led him on from one false step to another, until
the crowning act, the surrender of Detroit, without
firing a gun, completed his own ruin, and brought
disgrace upon the arms of his country. It is well
known to the country that both Col. Cass and Col.
McArthur were detached from Detroit previous to
the surrender, ostensibly for provisions, but, in fact,
because they were unwelcome counsellors at head
quarters. Stung with mortification on hearing of
the surrender, Col. Cass, when ordered to deliver up
his sword, indignantly shivered it in pieces, and
threw it to the earth,, refusing to surrender it to
| the enemy.
JAMES BOON,
MICHAEL HANVEY.
tf-14
SKETCH
lli'inotritllc rnmllilnli' for Prcitldfiil,
Colonel in the last IVar.
For an Invasion of Canada.
Severe Battle with the British,
Detroit.
*—Buchanan
Appointed a Brigadier General—and
Services tinder Gen . Harrison at the
Battle of the Thames.
After the surrender of Detroit, Col. Cass repaired
to Washington, to a report to the government the
whole circumstances attending the expedition. He
was exchanged during the winter, and in the spring
was appointed a Brigadier General. Shortly alter
this, he joined Gen. .llarrisqn at Seneca, where the
army was collecting, destined to recover the terri
tory of Michigan, ami to take possession of the
western district ofTinpor Canada. The prepaid*
tnry arrangements being completed, and- the lake
being open to the triuisportntion ot mu' troops by
tlic victory of Horry, Gen. llurrison commenc'd
hi* movement in Septenile'i', I*l M, and embarked
hi* troopN nt tl»e montlbof Portage river, whence
they moved, anil were concentrated at Put.in-hay,
Prom here they nailed to the Western Sister, a
Munll inland oil' the coast of Cuimdn, where, being
all collected, the fuml arrangements were made.
The debarkation was superintended and directed by
Gen. Cass, of the army, and Captain Elliott, of the
navy; and the troops landed in perfect order, ex
pecting to meet a formidable resistance. But the
enemy hud lied, after destroying the, public build-
Kentucky
Testimony of Gen. Harrison .
Gcuerdl Harrison, in bis report of the battle of
the Thames, dated October 9, ISI3, says :
-I have already stated, that General Gass and
Commodore Perry assisted me in forming the troops
for the action. The former is an officer of the
highest promise, and the appearance of the brave
Commodore cheered and animated every breast.’’
The battle of the Thames terminated the North
western campaign, and put an end to the war in
that quarter, but not to the difficulties or importance
of the command. The United States being once
more in the possession of the Territory of Michi
gan. and of the province of Upper Canada, Gen.
Cass was assigned, temporarily, the command of
the district, and General Harrison withdrew with
his army.
Appointed Governor of Michigan by Mr.
Madison,
On the bth of October. 1813. he was appoint
ed by President Madison governor of Michigan,
at that time- one of the most important civil
offices within the gift of the Executive. He was
the civil as well as military governor of a large
territory, having many hundred miles of exposed
frontier, tilled and almost surrounded with numerous
tribes of hostile Indians, in the pay of the British
government, and constantly excited to acts oi hos
tility by British agents.
Asa prool of the delencless state of the country,
it may be mentioned, that incursions were made
by the Indians, and some persons made prisoners,
and others killed within sight of the town of De
triot, and three expeditions of mounted militia hast
ily collected, were led by Governor Cass in pursuit
of the Indians, and some of them were killed with
in hearing of the town.
,A single incident will show the nature of those
excursions in the forests in pursuit of the Indians.
General Cass's servant, who rode immediately in
his rear, had a personal rencontre with an Indian,
who started from behind a tree.and havingdischar
ged his rifle, attacked him with the but-end, and
was killed after a short conflict.
, But peace came to put an end to this state of
things. The executive power oi the Territory was
almost unlimited, and the legislative power was in
the hands of the governor and judges until 1819.
TUaPGovernor Cass performed well his highly im
portant and delicate duties, the whole body oi the
people of Michigan will bear us witness; and the
fact of his haying been seven times nominated by
four successive Presidents, and seven times confirm
ed by the Senate, without a single vote against him
in that body, or a single representation against him
from the people over whom be presided—a state of
things unexampled in the history of our territorial
governments —-is a sufficient proof of the wisdom
of his administration.
In the discharge of his duties as Superintendent
of Indian Affairs, Governor Cass was called upon
to enter into many negotiations with the Indian
tribes, and often under circumstances of great peril
and responsibility. He formed twenty-one treaties
with them, and extinguished their title to nearly
one hundred millions of acres of land—a vast do
main acquired for the United States; but upon terms
so just and satisfactory to the Indians, that no couT
plaint was ever made by them upon the subject.
Heroic act against the India)^
There are two indidents connected with the for
mation of these treaties, which strongly illustrate
Governor Cass’s judgment and decision ot character.
In the expedition of 1 820, it became his duty to
inform the Indians atSault de Ste. Marie of the in
dention of our government to establish a military
post there, and to flic upon the site lor the same.
The chief of the tribe was openly opposed to the
United States, and in the pay of the British govern
ment. In consequence ot this, they heard the in
tention of Governor. Cass with apparent ill-will, and
broke up the councils, with the most hostile feeling.
On returning to their encampment, they removed
their women and children into Canada; and having
prepared themselves for battle, raised the British
flag, as a token of defiance. Governor Cass had
but a small detachment of soldiers with him, w hile
the Indians numbered eight hundred warriors.—
Unaccompanied, except by his interpreter, he ad*
vanced directly into -their midst, and with his own
hands pulled down the flag,, trampled it under his
feet, and afterwards burned it, ordering the inter
preter to inform the Indians that ‘‘they were with
iu the jurisdiction of the United States, and that
no other flag than theirs could be permitted to
wave over it." The moral influence of this bold
act had the desired effect: the Indians returned the
next day to the council, and the treaty was conclii-
ded, without any further threats or insults. On |
ayiving at Green Bay. in 1527, for the purpose of
forming a treaty. Governor Cass found that the
Winnebago Indians had*uot yet come in; and as
the object of the treaty was to settle difficulties
among some of the tribes, the toon-appearance of
the Winnebngoes was an evidence ol their desire
lor war rather than peace. He immediately re
embarked on hoard his birch canoe, for their camp
ing ground, to prevent any hostilities, and to bring
them to tin' treaty ground. He rapidly pursued hi*
voyage up the Fox river, across the portage, anil
down the Wisconsin, to the place of encampment.
Taking with him only Ids interpreter, he w ent up
to the encampment, where ini Inund them in war
like iinxid, and dolermined not "to treat. Threats
mid entreaties were alike unavailing with thi» ex
asperated tribe. He left them, ami returned to Ins
canoe. Ashe lumetflo go to dig river, a young
warrior raised his gnu, ami taking deliberate aim
at him, pulled the trigger; but, prn\ ideutially, the
gnu missed lire. Thi* is the only insumoo of vio
lence ever offered to him during the long period of
his intercourse with the Indians. He proceeded
immediately to Prairie du Chicn, where he organi
zed the inhabitants, and placed them in a condition
of defence, and returned to the treaty ground. By
his prompt and energetic movements he prevented
extensive hostilities, tlie end of which no man could
kpow. . i
Appointed Secretary of IVar by Andrew
Jackson—Supports him in all the great
measures of his Administration
In IS3I, Gen. Cass was called by Gen. Jackson
to take charge of the War Department, and his
removal from Michigan-Territory was marked by
a universal expression of regret. His colleagues
in the cabinet were Mr. Livingston, Mr. McLane,
Mr. Woodbury, and Mr. Taney—men who posses
sed the confidence of the President and soon acquir
ed that of Jhc country’. The characteristic traits
of General Jackson's administration have now pass
ed into history. It was Cold, prompt, honest, and
national. It sought no dangerous constructive
powers, and it endeavored carefully to exercise
those of which it was the trustee, for the American
confederation. The great questions of the bank,
of the removal of the deposites, of nullification, of
the French indemnity, and of the Creek and Cher
okee difficulties—three of which involved delicate
points connected with State rights—occupied its
attention, and were all happily disposed of. Few,
if any, now call in question the wisdom of Gen.
Jackson's course upon these important subjects,
though it is difficult now to realize the intense an
xiety they excited, and the momentous consequences
which hung upon their decision So far as the War
Department necessarily took any immediate course
in these questions, it was prompt and energetic, and
met with the approbation of the country. At the
portentous period of nullification, the • military
orders were firm, but discreet, and it appeared by a
message from the President, in answer to a call
upon that subject, that no order had teen at an;/ time
given to '■resist the constituted authorities of the Stute
of tiouth Carolina , within the chartered limits of said
State.'' The orders to Gen. Scott informed him
that, "should, unfortunately, a crisis arise when the
ordinary power in the hands of the civil officers should
not be sufficient for the execution of the laics, the Presi
! dent would determine the course to be taken, and the
' measures to be adopted ; till then he was prohibited
! from acting."
The same caution marked the order to the troops
when there seemed to be danger of a collision with
the authorities ol Alabama, arising out of occur
rences upon the lands of the United States in that
State. In proof of this, we quote the following
extract of a letter from the War Department, writ
ten by Governor Cass to Major Mclntosh, and dated
October u'J, ) ft.’-U;.
‘•Sin: Your letter of the 21st instant to Major
General -Macomb has been laid before me; ami, in
• lluvi; in miOllli von iiiti i on win niicipusc
no obstacle to the service of legal process upon any
officer or soldier under your command, whether is
suing from the courts of the State of Alabama, or
of the United States. On the contrary, you will
give all necessary facilities to the execution of such
process. It is not the intention of the President
that any part of the military force of the United
States should be brought into collision with the
civil authority. In all questions of jurisdiction, it
is the duty of the former to submit to the latter,
and no consideration must interfere with that duty.
; If. therefore, an officer of the State, or of the United
; States, come with legal process against yourself, or
: an officer or soldier of your garrison, you will freely
admit him within vour post, and allow him to ex
, ecute his writ undisturbed."
Appointed Minister to France by Undrew
Jackson.
In lS3fi. General Cass was appointed minister* to
France, and immediately resigned his post. as Sec
retary of War. On retiring from the department,
he received a letter from General Jackson express
ing warm personal feelings towards him, and com
mending his whole official conduct. He sailed from
New York in the month of October. As diploma
tic relations had not been fully re-established with
France, he was-directed to proceed to England, and
there ascertain the views of the French govern
ment. lie found that a French minister had been
appointed to this country, and he -immediately re
paired to Paris and took up his residence there.
After his recognition, his first official duty was to
procure the interest due upon the twenty-fite mil
lions of francs indemnity, which had been retained
when the principal was paid. After some hesita
tion this was effected ; and thus this great contro
versy. which at one time threatened such grave
consequences was happily closed.
Makes a Tour to the East.
In 1837. Gen. Cass made a tour to the east, lie
visited Italy, Sicily, Malta. Greece, the islands of
the Archipelago, Constantinople, and the Black Sea,
Egypt, Palestine, and Syria. He was at Florence.
Palermo, Athens, Corinth. Eleusis, Salamis, and the
battle-fields of Plataja, Le.uctra, Cheronaea, and
-Marathon—at the plains ol Troy, at Alexandria.
Cairo, and the Pyramids; at Jaffa, Jerusalem, Beth
lehem, the Dead Sea, Nazareth, the Sea of Tiberias,
Tyre. Sidon, Baalbec. and Damascus. Memorable
places these, and calculated to excite strong emo
tions in the mind of an American who had passed
a large portion of his file amid the toils and priva
tions of a new country.
His Return to Paris.
Alter his return to Paris, Gen. Cass resumed the
duties of his mission, and continued in their regu
lar execution till its termination, lie was prover
bial lor his kindness and hospitality to his country
men, none of whom were denied his’aUcntions, and
few of whom visited Paris without being invited to
his house. His observations upon the government
and people of France were given to the public in
the page's of the Democratic Review, in an article
entitled France, its King, Court, and Government,"
which most of our readers will probably recollect.
Among other literary papers he published in this
country, was one upon the French tribunals of jus
tice. which contained much information interesting
to an American, and in which the author expressed
his decided condemnation of the system of the
English common law, looking upon it as a code
originating in feudal and almost semi-barbarous
times, anil utterly unsuited to our condition and in
stitutions. This opinion is fast gaining ground, and
we trust the time is rapidly approaching when l his
relic of feudal tyranny—this perfection of sense as
it is called, but this perfection of nonsense as it in
many cases.is will give way to reason and justice.
Pamphlet on the u Right of Search."
In 1841 arose the well-known question of the %
quintuple treaty, in which General Cass acted a
prominent and an efficient part. The British gov
ernment, in its scheme of maritime superiority,
which it never abandons any more than its plans of
teritorial aggrandizement, projected a plan, by
which, under the pretence of abolishing the slave
trade, her ships of war would have been enabled to
search and examine, and ultimately to seize the
vessels of other nations at their pleasure. This
plan was to form a treaty, to which the five great
powers of Europe should be parties, by ’which
means a new principle in the law oUnations would
be established, and. our flag, among others, prostra
ted at the feet of England. This treaty was nego
tiated and actually signed by the ministers of the
live powers—those of England, France, Russia,
Prussia, and Austria—before the nature of the trans
action was fully understood by the world. It fie
came disclosed before- the Tatificatiohs wire'ex
changed with the French government General
Cass published a pamphlet which entered Jeeply
inro the whole matter, and \yhich was trat slated
into French and German, and extensively circula
ted upon the continent. It awakened the public
attention, and created a great sensation fiVen In
England. The London Times, in announcing it,
said: {
. “It is a shrewd performance, written witliißoun‘
spirit, much bold assertion of facts, ami a very au
dacious unfairness of argument, which is mther
amusing, when contrasted, with a certain trine of
gentlemanly candor, which is occasionally adopted
Sven in the'very act ol pefnrmiiig some eVhia'most
glaring nervcrslons," I
In addition, also, to the pamphlet, he pt'eseijtcd a
protest to tin* Fmich governim'iil against the niti
liculion of tlu- treaty, In doing this, he slated that
ho had no instruction*^do pursue such a course-, and
adds: |
*• I have pursued, in the views 1 have submitted
to you, [M, Unbent, the French Minister of Foroign
Arturs,] that l express the feelings of the American
government mid people. If in this 1 have deceived
myself, the responsibility will be mine. As
as 1 can receive despatches from the United States,
in answer to my communications, 1 shall be ena
bled to declare tn you either that my conduct thas
been approved by the President, or that my mission
is terminated/’ „ 1
But he did not deceive himself. His course was
warmly applauded by the American . people, \yho
are ever alive to national interest and honor, and
coldly approved by the government. \
The following short extract will exhibit the
spirit which pervaded this memorable paper. I
“ But the subject assumes another aspect, when
they (the American people) arc told by one of the
parties that their vessels are to be forcibly entcre’d
and examined, in order to carry into efleet these
stipulations. Certainly the American, government
does not believe that the high powers, contracting
parties to this treaty, have any wish to compel the
United States, by force, to adapt their measures jo
its provisions, or to adopt its stipulations. Thesy
ha\e too much confidence in their sense of justice
to fear any such result; and they, will see with
pleasure the prompt disavowal nfa.de by yourself,
sir, in the name of your country, at the tribune df
the Chamber of Deputies, of any intentions of thjs
nature. But were it otherwise, and were it possi
ble they might be deceived in this confident expec
tation. that would not alter in one tittle iheir course
of action. Their duty would be the same, and thb
same would be their determination to fulfil it.—|-
They would prepare themselves, with apprehension
indeed, but without dismay—with) regret, but with
firmness—for one of the desperate struggles which
have sometimes occurred in the history of thje
world, but where a just cause and the favor qf
Providence have given strength to comparative
weakness, and enabled it to break down the pride
of power.’’
Defeats the Quintuple Treaty.
The success of this scheme, so long cherished,
and so long projected'on the part of F.rigland, turn
ed upon the ratification of France. With it slje
could hope to establish this new principle in mari
time law, and with that attain her darling object of
maritime supremacy. But the opposition of tA\{o
such commercial nations as the United States and
Fiance to this interpolation would have rendered
hopeless its general recognition. Hence herefiorjts
to accomplish this measure, and as, for more thin
half a century, she had not failed in any great object
! of her policy, her pride and interest were equally
i united in this. Her journals,'therefore, were filled
with the subject. It occupied the attention of her
government, her people, arid her press: and h^r dip
lomatic agents through Europe were active and
persevering. While the subject was under discus
sion in the Fiench Chamber of the eyes
i ing the result. The result was soon manifested,
j The public opinion of France spoke too loudlyito
j The government gave way, and refused
j. to ratify a treaty, negotiated under its own direc
j tions. and signed by its own minister. The part
! which General Cass bore in this transaction is well
! understood and appreciated by his countrymdn;
I and. if any doubt existed on the subject, it wSukl
1 have been removed by the abuse heaped upon him
in the English, journals, and by the declaration) ol
j Lord Palmerston, in the House of Commons, that
] his efforts contributed in a great degree to thejre
-1 jection of the measure.
Opinions of the Press.
Au American writing from Europe, in Niles's
Register, March, 18-12. says:
«• Gen. Cass has hastily prepared a pamphlet Set
ting forth the true import and dangers of this treaty.
It will be read by every statesman in Europe; and,
added to the General's personaj influence here, will
effectually turn the tables on England. .The coun
try owes the General much for his effectual influ
ence with this government.’’
The London Times, of January 3, 18-12, says:
‘•The five powers, which signed the late treaty
lor the suppression of the slave trade, will not allow
| themselves to be thwarted in the execution of .this
j arrangement by the capricious resistance of the
l cabinet of Washington." ' •;
It is not a little curious, in reading overth? papers
relating to this transaction, to see how some of the
journals of the day in the United States censured
the minister for his interference in foreign concerns ;
and foretold, very confidently, that he would be re
j buked by the French government. And the Lon
j don Times, of May 10, 1542, states, with apparent
i exultation, that the venerable patriot, who has just
I been called trom among us, (Mr.. Adams,) said in
Congress that he regretted Gen. Cass
“ bhould have so completely forgotten the whole-
some rules of the founders of his country as to in
terfere, without instructions from his government,
in a delicate negotiation between the great powers
of Europe."
This ‘ delicate negotiation" directly involved one
of the most precious rights of the United States—
that of sailing the ocean undisturbed and in peace.
To prevent the consummation of such a projects
was not to interfere with other nations, but to pre
vent other nations from interfering with us. As to
the French government, it took no such view of
the matter. The answer of M. Guizot to General
Cass was in a very good spirit, and exhibited the
best feeling to the United States. He stated that
the treaty had not been ratified, and disavowed all
designs of doing anything whatever- unfriendly to
the United States.
Resigns the French Mission—in const*
quence of the Ashburton Treaty.
On the 17th of September following thisstrans
action, the news of the ratification of the Ashburton
treaty reached Paris, and Governor Cass immedi
ately resigned. His reasons for so doing we gather
irom the fallowing extracts of letters to Mr. Web
ster:
u It is unnecessary to push these considerations
further \ and in carrying them thus far, I have found
the task an unpleasant one. Nothing but justice
to myself could have induced me to do it. I could
mot clearly my position here, without re
capitulation. -My protest of 13th February, dis
tinctly asserted that the United States would resist
the pretension of England to search our vessels. I
avowed, at the same time, that this was But my
personal declaration, liable to he confirmed or dis
avowed by my government. I now find- a treaty
has been concluded between Great Britain and the
United States, which provides for the co-operation
of the latter in efforts to abolish the slave trade,
but which contains no renunciation by the former
of the extraordinary pretension, resulting, as she
said, from the exigencies of these very efforts; and
which pretension I felt it to be my duty to denounce
to the French government. In all this, I presume
to offer no further judgment than as I am person
ally affected by the-course of the proceedings, ind
I feel they have placed me in a false position,
whence I can escape but by returning home with
the least possible delay. I trust, therefore, that the
President will have felt no hesitation in granting
me the permission which I asked for.”
Returns to the United States.
In December, 1842, General Cass returned to the
United States. He was received by the citizensof
Boston and New York, with every demonstration
of respect. His hold stand on the quintuple treaty
had excited the feelings of the people in his favor, and
he was everywhere hailed as the champion of the
NO. If.