Intelligent? ft lontnnl, i. W. HWfTI ~ : PGR PRBfjiRNT, fe; JAMESi®HA»A| OP PRnNIYLVANIA, # (tiityriHoMs dscliion t/a finHmil OmmUtm)- Lancavter, February 80, IN4N. Appointment* bp Uio Attorney Generali William Matiiiot, Esq,, Deputy Attorney lien •ril for the countyof Gno.’ M. Klih*, Esq,, Deputy Attorney tionernl for the city of Lancaster, tD“ We cannot too strongly commend the power- Ihl article, contained in another column, from that able and popular Democratic journal the Motion /Port. It conveys a withering rebuke to that fell spirit, which seeks the elevation of one Democrat, by the employment of calumny against another. Jjfr. Wilmot is not the only man in Pennsylvania, to whom the Post's most caustic remarks will apply. There be those in this meredian, whom the shoe fits quite as well. 137" “Simon Sitydxb,” in favor of the Free Banking System, is from the pen of an able and true Democrat, whose opinions are entitled to high respect In giving it publicity, however, we do not mean to be understood as endorsing all its positions; on the contrary, our columns are open to the other side of the question. The truth'has nothing to ap prehend from discussion, however searching and radical. fU” The insinuation of the Washington corres pondent of the Bradford Reporter is a gross and wanton calumny. A. J. Geossbrenner, Esq., the able Editor of the York Gazette, was appointed our successor in the humble place we held in the State Department, soon after we vacated it, and receives his own salary, of course. - \ VT C. Haoeh, Esq., has been elected the \Presi ■dent of the Farnifers’ Bank of Lancaster, in\rdoin of George. H. Krug, Esq., resigned. H7* Samuel Marx, Esq., the efficient and much esteemed representative from Lehigh and Carbon counties, will accept our thanks for valuable favors. ID* “Maphusf unavoidably crowded out, will appear in Our next. Fourth of March Convention. Every county in the State has now chosen its delegates to the Democratic State Convention, which is to meet qn Saturday next, in Harrisburg, and we are hence warranted in anticipating one of the most numerous aind respectable assemblages ever convened in Pennsylvania. Among the delegates, a corrected list being contained in to-day's paper, will be recognized |the names of some of the ablest and soundest Democrats in the State, from whose calm and wise counsels the most auspicious results may be expected. The question of the next Presidency, which seems the absorbing one, will doubtless ex cite much interest. Fortunately for the welfare of the party in the State and Nation, the will of the majority has already been sufficiently indicated in the primary meetings of the people. TluTcon vention,'when full, will consist of 133 members, and it Has been well ascertained, that from 00 to 95 of this number are favorable to the nomination of JAMES BUCHANAN, leaving a minority of about onc-third to divide among the other candidates. The mode of choosing Delegates to the National Convention, to be held in Baltimore, will constitute one.of the interesting collateral questions, that will have to be decided by the State Convention. We have already expressed our views, at length, in favor of the General 'Ticket System, as the only possible method, by which. the voice of the State can be made potential,’or even respectable, in the National Conventioni We have read witli care and proper reflection, the objections urged agjiinst this procedure, by the presses that prefer a divided or district delegation, but have found nothing in their reasoning to alter or shake our opinion. Indeed; it may be affirmed, that they have studiously re frained from any argument whatever. Their op position has mostly consisted in intemperate denunciation^^which in a few eases has degenerated even into absurd .threats of disruption, secession, “double-setting,” and other extreme acts of politi cal insubordination, which has reminded one of the traditionary swearing of “our army in Flanders.” For ourselveß we are -content to leave this ques tion, where every Democrat that does not believe in the efficacy of “ buckshot and ball,” is ever con tent to leave honest differences of opinion, in the hands of the majority. Submission to their will, we regard as one of the cardinal maxims of the Democratic creed, without which deliberation is a mockery, and the holding ol a State convention a burlesque and a farce. Whatever, therefore, may be the conclusions of the majority of the 4th of March Convention, as well in regard to the candi date to be named for the Presidency, as in regard to the Delegates to represent the claims of the nominee at Baltimore, and the manner of their se lection, every well-disposed Democrat will acquiesce in the decision, whether it accords with his pre conceived opinions, or not. The Convention will \ doubtless adopt its own rules, and do its own work, in its own approved way, taking heed only to the right, unmoved by clamor or threats from any quarter. Taylor State Convention. A Convention of politicians of all sorts and sizes was held at Harrisburg, on the 22d instant, and nominated Gen; Zachary Taylor as a candidate for the Presidency. James Madison Porter of Eas ton* Secretary of War under John Tyler, presided, and the following Electoral Ticket was adopted: senatorial. John C. Bucher, of Harrisburg. Charles Shaler, of Pittsburg. CONGRESSIONAL. 1. Thomas D. Grover, "41. Luther Kidder, 2. Dr. John K. Mitchell, 12. Edward Herrick, 3. James Peters, 13. Tkos. W. Lloyd, . 4; J. Sidney Jones, 15. Samuel Bonham, 5. Henry Dull, 16. Thos. C; Miller, 6. Scott N. Brown, 17. Thos. Burnside, 7. David McConkey, 19. James Kelley, 8. John Long, 20. Thos. J. Power, 9. Henry W. Smith, 21. W. O. Leslie, 10. Thomas Craig, 24. Sami. S. Harrison. A State Central Committee was also appointed, •of which the Editor of the Harrisburg rfrgusl is (chairman —and a series of resolutions were pro posed by David Paul Brown, Esq. The Democratic Union says of the Convention, that “it was a very , sickly afiair. As there was no chance to get Dele gations from the various counties of the Common wealth, itwas determined to call over Congressional districts in the hope that somebody might be found 4 to attend from each district, but after calling over 4 the 24 districts, delegates could only be found from eight of them, leaving sixteen entirely unrepresented On a vote being taken, it was found that there were thirty-two delegates in attendance, two-thirds of whom were alsiTtielegates to a Native American which met alternately with tills Con tention, in some back room of Markley's hotel, to nominate a candidate for Canal Commissioner.” Adjournment ol state Legislature, 9fkte Senate has passed a resolution, desig nating the 21st of March as the ■ day of adjoum raent It has hot yet been acted on by the House «f Eepseseatatives. -- I XT Both branches ot the Pennsylvania Legisla jtufe’adjourned on Thursday, on hearing o{ the death of the Hon. Jous Qciscr Anxas, as a mark of respect for the illustrious deceased. ftfeBMOTI VICTOR* I ' 4 BenMeriit i I- * B *" p W»<hW»m»tT I J**v»i A, Mjith* Blinocraf i cun dliiato for Congio# In eomjtMod «( Duolrt «ml 14jlgh obuntloi, WM at the Hpecial Election} hold on Wednesday last, ns tho successor of John W, Hornbook In tho proaent Congress, Wo congratulate tho Horn and unflinch ing Democracy of thla district upon thli glorious triumph, Tho momhor sleet la o gentleman of admitted talent*, nnd will stand by tho Administra tion and.by the country upon the great question of tho War, should it bo prolonged. This was the issue before, the'people, and upon it the Democracy have proudly triumphed, I We append from the Lehigh RtpuhHctm the result in that county in full: I T 9 B, , Bridges, (Dem.) Trexler,:(Fed.) Allentown, 288 271 | Northampton, 57 34 Salisbury, , 138 112 Hanover, 180 108 South Whitehall, 177 191 North Whitehall, 155 183 Upper Macungy, 215 91 Lower Macungy, 202 175 Upper Milford, 280 162 Saucon, 150 213 Lowhill, Weissenberg, Lynn, Heidelberg, Bucks Countt has given from 125 to 150 ma jority for Col. Bbidgss, which completes the district. A Proud Retrospect. In a very few days, the Democratic State Con vention will have pronounced its decision, and the controversy, in this State, as to the relative merits and popularity of the different PresidentiaPcandi dates, will be at an end. The umpire that is to decide for all will have spoken, and in the spirit of true Democracy it will become us, as a band of brothers, devoted to a common cause, to accomo date ourselves submissively to its verdict The voice of that body will thenceforth constitute the voice of the State, and no true-hearted son of Penn sylvania will fail to employ every honest effort to urge its ratification upon the National Convention at Baltimore. To the friends of JAMES BUCHANAN the past few months afford a retrospect fraught with a satisfaction, which it were gross affectation to re press or conceal. They have been active in their efforts, and ardent in their zeal, and this has resulted from their unabated attachment to the man, with whose sterling virtues as a Statesman and Patriot they arc so familiar. It was impossible that they could prove unmindful of the fact, that J\lrL Buch anan has been the artificer of his own fame—that he has risen to the high places of government without the adventitious aids of family w r ealth and distinction—that in all the exalted civil trusts conferred upon him, whilst surrounded by a con stellation of genius the most brilliant, he has rarely, found an equal, and has ever grasped the most in tricate questions of government with, a force and comprehension, that have commanded universal admiration—and that, in private life, he has sus tained a character, without spot or blemish. It is not to be wondered, therefore, that troops of friends have in every quarter rallied to the deience of his character from unmerited obloquy, by whomsoever uttered, or from whatsoever motive. But not the least gratifying feature in this Metros pcct consist in this, that the friends of Mr. Buchanan> whilst thus zealous in the advocacy of his .claims, have consistently refrained from every species of attack upon rival candidates. ’They have eulogised him, as well they might, but they have not malig ned Mr. Dallas. They have not done so at any of their public assemblages, and most especially have the newspapers, friendly to Mr. Buchanan, preserved their freedom from this sin. To contend that the Materiel for such attack was wanting, is to contradict the unbroken current of all political experience. We have ourselves received from various sources a full dozen communications,in derogation of the personal and political character of Mr . Dallas, not one of which has appeared in our columns. We have preserv ed them all until now, and it is our intention, when we have finished this article, to consign .the!entire lot to our coal-stove, as the best depository any Ed itor can select for all such miserable attacks upon the distinguished men of his party. We should never forgive ourselves, had we, under the dominion of prejudice or passion, consented to the prostitu tion of our columns to the admission of ribald as persions upon the fair fame of any of the : great men urged by their respective friends for the Presi dency. Williamsport & Elmira Railroad. A general desire to complete this road, and con nect it with the New York and Erie Rail Road, seems to be manifested by the friends of internal improvement. The Williamsport and Elmira Rail Road lies on the direct route from Geneva to the seat of government, at Washington, and the -com pletion of the road, and its connexion with the'New York and Erie Road, at Elmira, would bring a large share of the trade and travel from the Lakes through Pennsylvania, thus greatly benefiting our people, and increasing the reVenues arising!from our public works. But the Williamsport and El mira company is entirely insolvent, and islnow, we understand, in the hands of a Sequestrator. Its, indebtedness exceeds the value of the 25 miles already contracted, and the stock has jgone beyond the reach of Mr. Hannegans “trumpet of resurrec tion.” Capitalists, we are told, are willing to in vest money to complete the road, but they are not willing to take the present works, suirjeet to the large incumbrances upon them. This is natural enough. Our cautious farmers do not purchase farms, whilst they r are covered with judgments and mortgages. But the remedy is obvious. Let the Legislature authorize a sale by the Sheriff—the purchaser to take a clear title, and -the proceeds to be distributed among the creditors entitled. This is the course recommended by the Lycoming Gazette , the Public Ledger , and other papers, which have spoken on the subject, and this seems to be fair to all parties, and absolutely necessary to the progress of improvement If the present stock holders are unable to complete the road, they ought not any longer to keep possession of the charter, which was granted for the sole purpose of forming this important connexion between the New York improvements and our own. A Taylor Flag Withdrawn ! . The Union $ Tribune of this city, which has for some time sported the name of Taylor at its mast-head, appeared last week, without the accus tomed colors. Although this sudden surrender is unaccompanied by a word of explanation, it has doubtless been produced by the overwhelming expression of the late Whig County Convention in favor of Clay. Our neighbor does right in thus calmly submitting to the will of the majority. | The other Taylor organs in the State will soon have to follow his example. The venerable partner of the lamented Mr. Ad ams is the second daughter of Joshua Johnson, a native of Maryland. Mr. J. held the post of Consul of the U. S. at London, under the elder Adams, and it was in that city, in the year 1797, that the nup tials took place. They have consequently lived in the conjugal state for a period oi over fifty years. Judge Gilmore Confirmed! The nomination of Samuel A. Gilm o r4 Esq., of Butler, as President Judge of the district com posed of Fayette, Greene, and Washington counties, has been unanimously confirmed by the Senate. Mrs. Adams. Death of Jeliit qulaey Adami i j Tltejjfrnwit W»* f|W tlMs■ fftftl JftVPilrt VlbttH «f fpl vMajipro thl&Nif ten qiilvor, to onmmmmitta hi* orflco of doitruotlon. Long before Iho fountains of aymimthy havo boon •pent In oornmiiiorailng the translation from Tima tn Ktomity of a friend hero, and a benefretor there, grim Mortality again sweeps his keen-edged scythe over the land, assigning to the high and the low, tho humble and the proud, the strong and the weak, a common lodgment In the /“dark valley oi the shadow of death,” Tho demise of Mr, Audits, although not an unexpected event, will create a profound sensation throughout tho length and breadth of the American Union. So intimately are his name and character interwoven with the early history of tho republic, that his departure seems like a severance of the chain that binds the Present to the Past. A void is created, which can never more be filled. The last venerated survivor of the Chief Magistrates of the “ Heroic Age” of the republic has departed. From the “National Intelligencer” we collect the follow ing particulars of his death. On Monday, the 21st instant, just after the yeas and nays were taken on a question, and the Speaker had risen to put another question to the House, a sudden cry was heard on the left of the chair, “ Mr. Adams is dying!” Turning our eyes to the spot, we beheld the venerable man in the act of falling over the left arm of his chair, while his right arm was extended,- grasping his desk for support. He would have dropped upon the floor had he not been caught in the arras of the members sitting next him. A great sensation was created in the House —members from all quarters rushing from their seats and gathered round the fallen statesman, who was immediately lifted into the area in front of the Clerk’s table. The Speaker instantly suggested that some gen tleman move an adjournment, vvhich'being prompt ly done, the House adjourned. A sofa was brought, and. Mr. Adams, in a state of perfect helplessness, though" not of entire insensibility, was gently laid upon it. The sofa was then taken up and borne out of the hall into the rotunda l; where itwassefdown, and the members of both Houses, and strangers, who were fast crowding around were with some difficulty repressed and an open space cleared in its immediate vicinity; but a medical gentleman, a member of the house, (.who was prompt, active, apd self-possessed throughout the whole painful scene.) advised that he be removed to the door of the rotunda opening on the east portico, where a fresh wind was blowing. This was done; but the air being chilly and loaded 4 with vapor, the sofa was, at the suggestion of Mr. Winthrop, once more taken up and removed to the Speaker s apartment, the doors of which were forthwith closed to all but professional gentlemen, several of whom arrived in succession as the news spread into the city. While lying in this apartment, Mr. Adams par tially recovemd-the use of his speech, and observed, in “This is the end of earth but quickly added, “I am composed.’’ Members had by this time reached Air. A.*s abode with the melancholy intelligence, and, soon after, Mrs. Adams and his nephew and niece arrived and made their way to the appalling scene. Mrs. A. was deeply affected, and for some moments quite pros trated by the sight of her husband, no%v insensible, the pallor of death upon his countenance, and those sad premonitories fast making the" appearance which fall with such a chill upon the heart. In the hall, meanwhile, a gloomy pause occurred in the usual hum of voices that fills it. Some members sat in" mute suspense; others stood in groups, and made or answered inquiries as to the cause anti the probable issue of the attack; others hastened toward the Speaker's room to get the latest intelligence of the sufferers condition ; while many were busily engaged in writing to their friends at home the alarming news. A remark very frequently made was, “Well, this is just what Mr. Adams could have wished; it is an appropriate ending of his public career; he falls, like a second Chatham, in the Senate house.” Mr. Adams, though for some months very feeble, was, when he entered the hall in the morning, in his usual health, and had but a lew minutes before delivered his vote, on a motion before the House, in an unusually distinct and emphatic manner. The attack was believed at first to have been a fainting fit; but this idea soon gave place to the ap palling conviction that it was a recurrence of a paralysis, which- has -twice before affected Mr Adams, though in a milder degree. Mr. Adams lingered until the evening of the 23d, when he breathed his last in the Speaker's room of the House of R*epresentatives. His last words were : “ This is the end of Earth—l am content' 1 His funeral took place on Saturday, and was truly solemn and imposing. The procession was over a mile in extent. John Quincy Adams was born in 1707; his death occurs in his eighty-first year. He was at different periods the Ambassador of the United States at all the prominent Courts of Europe, his diplomatic career having been begun in 1781, when he went to Russia as Private Secretary to Mr. Dana, our Minister at St. Petersburg. That was sixty seven years ago, and from that period, with rare exceptions. Mr. Adams has been in the public service. In Congress, in the Cabinet, in ■ the chief Executive Chair of the Republic, he ranked always among the first statesmen of the country. Another Letter from Taylor. Whatever else may be affirmed of the gallant Hero of Buena Vista, it must be confessed, that in him the cacatlCes scribenda is developed to a degree truly amazing. The leaves of autumn are not more thickly scattered, than are his epistolary acknow ledgments. One treads upon another's heels, so fast they follow. The last, but not the least, is the following to Peter Sken Smith, of Philadel phia, which was read at the recent State Conven tion at Harrisburg. It is consistent with those that have preceded it. The author, it will be seen, perse veres in an unalterable determination to run for the Presidency “on his own hook,” independent of the action of either of the great political parties that divide the country. JThat the politicians of both parties, under such circumstances, are every where abandoning the “ Rough and Ready” organization, and resuming their original position, creates no as tonishment Gen. TAYLon has unquestionably a strong hold on the affections of the American peo ple, but we question even his capacity to deface the party lines that have existed since the forma tion of the Constitution. To be President of the United States, he should, long since, have declared himself either a Democrat or a Whig. 4 Baton Rouge, La., Jan. 30, 1848. Sir—Your communication of the 15th inst., has been received, and the suggestions therein offered, duly considered. ° In reply to your inquiries, I have again to repeat,- that I have neither the power nor the desire to dic tate to the American people the exact manner in> which they should proceed to nominate me for the Presidency of the United States. If they desire such a result, they must adopt the means best suited, in their opinion, to the consum mation of the purpose j and if they think fit to bring me before them for this office, through their Legislatures, Mass meetings, orConventions, I can not object to their designating those bodies as Whig,Democratic, or Native; but being thus nom inated, |must insist on the condition—and my po sition onthis point is immutable—that I shall not be brought forward by them as a candidate of their party, or considered as the exponent of their party doctrines. In conclusion I have to repeat, that if I were nominated for the Presidency by any body of my fellow-citizens, designated by any name they might choose to adopt, I should esteem it an honor, and would accept such nomination, provided it had been niade entirely independent of party considerations. I am sir, your obedient servant, Peter Sken Smith, Esq. Z. TAYLOR. MiyWAim ANDDVCHANANI Demeeratie Maeiini at fceamen l*lft§Gi h » meeting eftlt«spetntie eiteeneef Pk* <P snil eillolning tswnihlpe, kneuM equity, DM »t tlte linma pf Mri. Mimmi on SstHfihy lilt, Fobrimry an, the following otfloor# \v«ro rMntftli ' ; .» JVmWmI. JOSEPH H, J.KFEVRH. „ .. ... „ Ww Pniiihnti, Or. N. W. fijwn Wiimam MoCtixir, J***r H. Hqwtqx, Jqux It. 0»o, I), MoUtaixi, Namuh Hutnakxx, Wiiliam F, Sakix, ilohx Ronnxxi, Hixnr Ecu art, OmviM’, Wihox, Axthoxtl,mhlix, Thomaa 8, Molltaixa v Sfrrrfartffi John McKUHpt and Jndrtw White, The following gentlemen were appointed a com mittee 10 draft resolutions expressive of the sense of the meeting, viz; Robert Mcllvaine, John F.Le fevre, Lewis Eckert, William Neely, Joel L. Light ner, John R, Trout, John Barcley, Christian Erb, John H. Schultz, John 0. Eckert, Moulton R. Sample, and Adam Trout, who, having retired for some time, reported the following resolutions, which were unanimously adopted: Resolved, That this meeting repose undiminished confidence in James K. Polk and his able cabinet officers, and point with pride and pleasure to the brilliant results of his administration, chief among which are the Tariff of 1846 and the Mexican War. The latter we believe to have been eminently just, necessary and constitutional. Resolved , That, in common with our Democratic brethren, we heartily rejoice in the triumphant .re election of Governor Shunk. He is honest, capa ble, and faithful to the Constitution. Resolved, That Pennsylvania, having from time immemorial emphatically vindicated her proud title of the Keystone of the Federal Arch—having in all past contests endured the heat and brunt of politi cal struggle, in a spirit of disinterestedness and selfc sacrifice, worthy of all praise—she now embraces the opportunity of urging her claims to the next Presidential candidate upon her sister states. Resolved, That our first choice for the Presidency is our good and faithful fellow-citizen, James Buch anan, the Statesman and the Patriot, the true De mocrat and eloquent Orator, whose services at home and abroad have reflected such imperishable lustre on the country. Resolved , In the language of Col. Ream Frazer, in hiß speech at the State meeting, held during the last Presidential canvass, at Harrisburg, “we avow ourselves proudly the friends of James Buchanan, BECAUSE WE KNOW HIM, and do so under the impression that he would be a President Jit to govern this great country.” " Resolved, In the language of the same speech, that “ it would be quite superjliious to speak of a man to whom the whole country accords its willing meed of praise—in the beautiful language of the English poet: “You can read Ins history in the Nation’s eye.”' Resolved, That the public course of James Buch anan “was always characterized by the same steady, firm, and watchful devotion to his cherished princi ples Resolved, In the expressive language of a senti ment forwarded in January, 1845, to a Democratic celebration in Baltimore, “James Buchanan, by withdrawing his name early in the Presidential can vass of 1544, set an example patriotically followed by the National Convention at Baltimore, in sacri ficing every thing for the cause, nothing for men. Pennsylvania will again present him to the Demo cracy of the Nation as her favorite and preferred candidate in 1848.” Resolved , That the meetings recently held in this county in favor of James Buchanan havebeen called without fraud, deception, or concealment—and that the attempt to misrepresent and depreciate their character, is unfair and unjust towards the Democ racy of Lancaster county, who have discovered in the acts of James Buchanan nothing to induce them to retract what they uttered of him in 1842 and ’45. Resolved, That we appeal to the Democratic State Convention which is to meet on Saturday next, in Harrisburg, to select as our representative in the National Convention none other than an open and avowed friend of James Buchanan. Resolved, That these proceedings be published in the Intelligencer $ Journal, the old and consistent organ of the Democracy of Lancaster countv, which so strongly commends'itself to our continued confi dence and support. The meeting was addressed by G. W. Baker. Dr. George B. Kcrfoot, George W. McElrov. and E. M. Huttcr—and adjourned with three loud and hearty cheers for James Buchanan! Character of James Buchanan, BY “ONE WHO.KNOWS HIM. Extracts from the proceedings of a Democratic S'ate Meeting , held in the town of Harrisburg, on the 2fV// of March , 1842, at which. John R. Butler , of Me gheni/ county , presided , published in, the LancasUr Intelligencer of April 12, 18-12. ; Col. Rkah Fiiazf.ll caine forward amid tho most tumultuous greetings. Silence having been some what restored, Col. F. began by saying that, in presenting himself before them, he should respond to their call, in a very few words. After tho spirit-stirring addresses they had heard—addresses from the warm hearts and strong minds of those who had* made them—in behalf of the character of the State, and the children, the jewels of the State, lie thought there could be no true Pennsylvanian present, whose heart was not animated with pride and exultation on the occasion, when they had met to advocate the claims of their distinguished lei low-citizen, JAMES BUCHANAN, for .the Presi dency. In the contest of 1844, the question of men would be entirely secondary, in comparison with .the high principles and interests involved. We feel here as democrats—we come here as democrats— espousing no man's quarrel, and, while we, advocate the claims of the long-neglected Keystone, resolved to do so without abusing those who choose to go out of their own State, and rally under the banner of another than their own fellow-Pennsylvanian. * *• * j* Sir, I have heard something insinuated about “ enemies of the late war.” The enmity of James Buchanan to the late war consisted in being one of the first—if not the very first—to enrol him self as a volunteer in a company of horse, under command of Judge Shippcn, and to march to the defence of his country in that campaign when the American troops rallied against Cockbum and the British army. (Tremendous and continued ap plause.) Sir, I saw this company in whigh James Buchanan was an humble private, on Their route to Baltimore ? (Applause.) I was a mere child then ; yet I remember it as well as if it had been yesterday. They were as yet not uniformed, and they rode off amid the warm wishes of their fel low citizens! (Applause.) Every word that Robert Magill. of Pittsburg, said, is true to the letter. *•.*******#• Sir, while I avow myself proudly the friend of JAMES BUCHANAN, “because I know him,” I do so under the impression that HE WOULD BE A PRESIDENT FIT TO GOVERN THIS GREAT COUNTRY. IT WOULD BE QUITE SUPERFLUOUS FOR ME TO SPEAK OF A MAN TO WHOM THE WHOLE COUNTRY ACCORDS ITS WILLING MEED OF PRAISE. In the beautifullanguage of the English poet: <f You can read his history in the Nation’s eye.” In the United States Senate he has always been a tower of strength. Look back and see what his conduct was in 183-1, and 183 C! See how warmly and effectively he sustained, with all the power of his great mind, the broad principles of Democratic truth. In all his contests with the lions of Fede ralism he bore them to the earth. (Enthusiastic paplause.) UnWce some professing'detnocrats. who , when elected to Congress or the Legislature, choose to misrepresent their constituents, his counsE was al ways TIIE SAME STEADY. FIRM, AND WATCHFUL DEVOTION TO HIS CHERISHED PRINCIPLES. (Ap plause.) On all the great questions he has pur sued the same manly and consistent course. On the doe-trine of instruction he has evinced a self sacrificing spirit worthy of all praise. Even when instructed by a Federal Legislature, he did ■ not look behind his instructions, as others who feared the loss of popularity might have done. Had his vote then been fatal to the Independent Treasury— had it prevented its inevitable repeal—he would have resigned his\seat and gone back to' the peo ple. Knowing, that such could not be the result, he obeyed the instructions, and; thus re served hifnself for '.that master effort—his great speech against a National Bank—and secured his vote against that measure, which must have been ite defeat, had not Mr/Ciay induced Henderson of Mississippi, one of its federal enemies, to “dodge the question.” On the McLeod case he pursued a course that alone will endear him to the affections of the people—a course which shows how sensitive he was of the dignity and honor of his country. On these questions, though opposed by the leading men of the federal party, he' has always come off victorious. TOAST sent to a Democratic Celebration in the city of Baltimore, on the Bth of January, 1845, in reply to an invitation to be present: M By Reah Buchanan : By with drawing his name early in the late Presidential canvass he set an example, patriotically followed by the National Convention at Baltimore, in sacrifi cing everything for the cause and nothing for men. Pennsylvania will again present him to the Democ racy of the Nation as her favorite and preferred candidate in 1848.” For thi knetiUF ißtrilliimr The Bashing SyUeis. The ftlendi ef Hie present deitruetive witem of bulking ue unlalnj e»ir» serve te leenrek ihem te!»ei the eiehilve monhphlj l which they hits ib Ifflg enjejed, They knnw ihet they etnnm ileftml t ey'tem which permits en Imho by p«wer»i|qni nf * elrenlilini medium wiMom Unit < n ill qmmi trtttuit qny trofarlim er rifttrd fq Me ificli on tong, and toiMiiul any imrily wAalivir /tor iht rr (| f thi inu <«. Ami the only tnoaiura they can reiart to In ardor to porpotuuto the corruptions of the entiling lyitem, li to /Ind fault with tvtry lubttitulc yropoiKl, The Free Dunking System, as ■nooeiiMly practised In New York and Ohio, has been proposed by the Committee on Bonks | end tills lit of course, the signal thr the advuoetes of the present corrupt system to raise the hue and ory against the remedy. A plain democrat would nover believe, until he witnessed it, that any honest man would object to a law, which only strips the bankers qf their mono poly—limits them in their issues to the amount of their actual capital, and compels them to pledge an available security for the redemption of their issues: These wholesome features are so indispensable to the public safety that they should be engrafted into every banking system. They are the only securities against favoritism—against ruinous expansions and contractions, and against the most unmitigated swindling which ever depredated upon a common wealth. Why should there be a monopoly in banking ? Is it in order that aristocrats may band themselves together in knots throughout the State, and by granting favors to their satellites, and withholding all business facilities from their opponents, control elections, influence the action of public officers in their favor, and thus perpetuate their power, and bind the people fast in the chains of slavery ? Ex perience has shown that competition is the proper corrective in every other business. It is the great stimulus to improvement in all the transactions of life. It is the certain security against extortion and other unfair practices in every other business ; and it must work with like advantage in the busi ness of banking. It is, therefore, right in itself, wholesome in its influences, and most in accor dance with the freedom and equality maintained by our institutions, that the practice of granting exclu sive privileges to the few, at the expense of the many, should be abolished, and that the business of banking, like every other, should be free and equal—open to all alike, upon the same terms. At the same time the safety of the public requires that rigorous terms should be imposed, to guard against abuse. In the first places the practice of permitting the banks to issue more notes than their actual capital should be entirely abolished. They are permitted, under their present charters, to issue their own notes to double the amount of their capital; and of course they may also loan out the whole of their actual capital in addition. That is, a bank, with 100,000 dollars capital, may loan it all out at the rate of 7 per cent., which is the usual rate of bank ing interest, obtained by taking the discount-in ad vance. It may, also, loan out its own notes to double that amount , at the same rate of interest.— Thus, a bank with only S 100,000 in the world, may actually draw interest upon $300,000. In other words, the Usury Law's are repealed in favor of the favored monopolists, and they are allowed to draw 21 per cent . interest for the use of their money, while other people are restricted to 6 per cent ! But more than all this, the banks are allowed to lend out the money of their depositors and draw interest upon that fund without paying any interest whatever to the owners of the money. But, what is still worse, and a thousand times more dangerous than any other feature in the pre sent system, is, that no restrictions whatever, save individual liability of the directors, are Imposed to prevent the ihprease of the circulation to an unlimi ted amount. "-There is no instance upon record of directors being made responsible for an over-issue, and yet such over-issue is of frequent occurrence. In November, 1846, the Lewistown Bank had a cir culation of $325,000, while the whole amount of specie in its vaults was. only $5,733 ! The West Branch Bank had a circulation of $220,000, while the whole amount of specie in its vaults was only $30,309! The Erie Bank had a circulation of $176,920, while the whole amount of its specie did not exceed $22,000! The Ilonesdalc Bank had $170,000 in circulation, with only $20,000 in specie to redeem it! The Bank of Susquehanna County had over $95,000 of its notes in circulation, with less than $5,000 in specie to redeem them. The condition of these banks was but little improv ed in Novcinber*lB47. And this is what is called a currency based upon Gold and Silver! The power of making money plenty or scarce, at pleasure, is one ot the most dangerous powers which can be conferred. Where such a power is granted to corporations, without adequate security for the redemption of the issues, the people nre no longer free. The power exists, at present, and the people are at this moment wearing the chains of slavery to the Banking Influences. The prices of wheat, of land, of goods, of labor, are entirely un der the control of these corporations. They hold the power to produce contractions and expansions of the currency, at pleasure, and with it they enjoy unlimited sovereignity over all the dearest rights and interests of the'people. By contractions prices are made to fall. This is the moment for the spec ulating banker to purchase life property of his ne cessitous neighbor at an under-value. By expan sions prices arc made to rise. This is the moment for the scheming monopolist to sell at an exhorbi tant rate. By a repetition of these practices the people are periodically plundered of their earnings, and they bear it with greatest composure ima ginable. Not content with this adroit system of swindling, the community are occasionally favored with the explosion of one or more of these unsound “ mo ney-makinginstitutions. The friends and mana gers of the institution, anticipating its dissolution, generally borrow large sums of its worthless paper. This paper is put; in circulation among an unsus pecting community, and as soon as this is done, the bank breaks—its notes fall in the money market to 50 cents or 20 cents on the dollar. The honest mechanic or business-man, who is unable to await the slow process of winding up, is forced to sell the notes for the most he can obtain. The debtors that is, the directors of the bank and their friends become the purchasers, because the notes are re ceivable, at par , in payment of their liabilities to the bank and .thus the friends of the bank make fortunes, and the “ toiling millions » are defrauded of the greater part of their hard earnings. In a short time the bank is ready to go through a similar operation, and the people are so much de luded by the potent influences of these chartered “ swindling shops,” that they submit to be fleeced without resistance, because they perceive no reme dy for the evil. - But there is a “ balm in Gilead ! ” An adequate remedy has been proposed by an intelligent com mittee of the people’s representatives. And that remedy cuts up by the roots the whole system of swindling, which has been practised through the aid of con,tractions and expansions of the currency —of unlimited issues —and of fraudulent insolvency. By limiting the issues to the actual capital provided for their redemption, a ruinous expansion is effec tually guarded against; because an expansion that is based upon actual capital is never ruinous is always wholesome. It gives no fictitious stimulus to business. On the contrary, it gives a real and healthy support to every branch of trade. By throwing the banking privilege to all alike, the system of contractions is alstjp cut up by the roots. If one bank attempts to injure its customers by contracting its currency, another is immediately established in the same neighborhood, which fur nishes the facilities denied by the first—and thus competition, the universal corrective, at once ar rests the evil. By compelling the bankers to pledge with some trust-worthy person an ample available security for the redemption of their notes, all fur ther speculations, by means of fraudulent insolven cy, are nipped in the bud. There i» no way, by which the bankers can avoid the payment.of their issues, after they have pledged with some proper person an available security, amply sufficient, for the purpose. There is no suspension of specie payments—no Swartwouting of the funds—no breaking of the bank and buying up its own notes at a discount. Every avenue of fraud is hedged BFeußd and ftg&lssti The bankers ire .obliged to redeem iheir notii* of have their ieeu= ritlei sold at onee tn the market? and theh bank eloied=ft!wayij bewiur, without Inn to the note holderst And (f» by any- aeeldentt the leeurltiei should strove luiyffleimti the hankers are Individo* ally liable tor every dollar of the defteleney, : 'rite whole system of spemilMlen and Baud Mug arrested by the new prqeet (hr the prevention qf swindling in the bunking Mnoir, It la no wander that tlio manopolliti ary out against Ilia hill. If limy do not succeed In (Mating. It “ Othello's no oupatlnn'igono."' They tell us to be anrelht— that money will beornno too abundant (hr tho wel fare of the people, Tide Is a silly objection. If the money is real money—lf It be Issued upon substantial (hundation, so that it muif aJu’ay* com mand Msijwfr on demand, iti abundance Is a bless ing, instead of a curse. But how is It in New York? Doth systems have been In operation there fbr about ten years, and we find that the whole amount of circulation in that State is only $20,- 000,000, It has not been discovered in N. York, that the people of that State have more money than their business operations require. How is it in •Ohio ? The free system now proposed has been in operation some years in that State. Is there an ex cessive issue there? Not at all. The whole amount of circulation in that State is only $8,320,- 000. Even old-fashioned Virginia, without half the enterprize and trade, has a larger circulation than Ohio; and Massachusetts, under the present system, has a circulation of $18,000,000, which is more than twice the circulation of Ohio with both systems in full operation. There is, at present, an unnecessary contraction in Pennsylvania. The whole circulation in the State did not in November 1846, exceed $10,900,000, and is now about $13,- 000,000. We are far below New York and Massa chusetts, and reduced nearly to a level with Vir ginia and Ohio. Either the present banks cannot, or will not, furnish facilities for business equal to the demand. In either case -a remedy should be provided. But, it is said with a gravity which provokes a smile, that the States may authorize an unlimited amount of these bills of credit, without providing any security for their redemption, but the moment the interests of the people are protected by a pledge of security for their payment, they become uncon stitutional, and the State Treasurer is called upon to set himself up as the Supreme Judge over all the other departments of the State Government, and even over the Supreme Court of the United States, and, on his own responsibility, to nullify the act of the Legislature ! None but a monopolist, accus tomed to evade, violate, and nullify the acts-of the Legislature, would dare to make such a bold and impudent suggestion. None but one grown old in constant infractions of laws made to restrain bank ers within proper limits, would have the hardihood to broach such an absurd doctrine, or to propose to carry it out by means so reckless and desperate. He will utterly, fail in his purpose. Neither the present nor any other State Treasurer will lend himself to the monopolists to accomplish a purpose so corrupt. No man in the State desires thus to acquire a reputation for either knavery or folly. But a word or two on the constitutional objec tion. “No State shall emit bills of credit,” says the Federal Constitution. What are “ bills of credit?” Story, in his work on the constitution, tells us, that “the phrase was well known at the “ adoption of the constitution, and generally used “to indicate the paper currency issued by the “ States, during their colonial dependence.”— “ During the war of the revolution the paper cur “ rency issued by Congress was constantly denomi “ nated in the acts of that body i bills of credit “and the like appellation was applied to similar “ currency issued by the States. The phrase had “ thus acquired a determinate and appropriate “ meaning.” What were the evils of this currency which the constitution desired to guard against? It was is | sued by the Government and thus forced into circu- I lation by the confidence which the people always re ] pose in their government, and by the power of the government, exercised in its legislation, while no security whatever was provided for its redemption, and the government u>as not liable to be sued at law fur the money. It has been thought by many that the notes issued by banking corporations are “ bills of credit” within the prohibition of the constitu tion. There is plausibility in the argumont, that if the States cannot issue such notes directly, they cannot accomplish the snmo objoct indirectly, by creating corporations with authority to issue them. But “ a bill of credit ” has been defined by the Su preme Court of the United States, in the case of Briscoe vs. The Bank of the Commonwealth of Kentucky, 11 Peters, 31S. “ A bill of credit within the constitution,” says tho Court, “ must bo issued by a State —on the faith of the State —and bo design ed to circulate ns money on the credit of the State. The individuals who issue the bill must have the power to bind the State —they must act as agents , and, of course, not incur any responsibility, nor impart, as individuals, any credit to the paper.” Now it must bo apparent that the notes issued under the free banking system are not “ bills of credi|,” prohibited by the constitution. They are not issued by the State. The notes are only prepar ed in blank, under the supervision of a man of character. He may be the State Treasurer, or he may be a private citizen. Any one, in whom the Legislature have confidence, may perform this du ty. He is not necessarily a State officer. As to this, he is only a trustee and agent for the note holders. The notes, when prepared by his direc tion, are perfectly inoperative. He does not ((is sue” them. He does not “emit” them. They would not be bills of credit, if he actually emitted them, because he has no authority to bind the State. On the contrary, it is expressly declared in the pro viso to the seventh section of the bill, that the State cannot be made liable for the payment of the notes —there is no faith of the State pledged for the pay ment. The notes are blank pieces of paper, when delivered to the bankers—they are mere nullities while they remain in the hands of the State Treasurer. They are no more bills of credit than they were when in the hands of the paper-maker, the engra ver, or the printer. They are no more bills of credit than are the pictures in old Dilworth’s Spelling Book. They are not emitted by the State at all. They are never emitted, until they are signed and issued by the bankers themselves. They are not issued upon the faith of the State. On the contrary, they are issued on the faith of the indi vidual bankers, and on the faith of the securities pledged by them. And what are those securities ? A small portion of the stock of the State—not the entire faith of the State—may be pledged by the individual bank ers, as a security. The State pledges nothing for the redemption. Her faith was pledged for the payment of her public debt, when she issued bonds to her creditors, but her faith was never pledged for the redemption of bank issues. The pledge for this purpose is the act of the bankers themselves ,• and the State is only liable for the faithful applica tion of the securities whioinday be deposited. But State stock need not, under the provisions of the bill, be deposited at all. The bankers, if they pre fer it, may secure the payment of their issues by the deposite of stoek of-the Federal Government. So that this species of currency is nothing like the old continental money. It is neither issued by the Stale nor on the faith of the State. Nor is it productive of the evils of the continental currency, (the real “ bill of credit ” intended to be prohibited.) There is a security for its redemption, which was not the case with the continental money. The per sons issuing them are liable to an action for the mo ney, which was not the case with the continental currency—and there is neither legislation, nor mo tive for legislation, on the part of the Government,* to force the people to take these issues, which was not the case with the continental money. This is the construction of the constitution as admitted by the Legislative, Executive and Judicial Departments of New York—as acquiesced in by parties for the last ten years in that State—as adopt ed by the authorities of Ohio— and as solemnly seU tied by one of the most lofty and most authoritative tribunals in the whole world— the Supreme Court of the United States. But there is another view of this subject. The debt of Pennsylvania is about $40,000,000. The annual interest of this sum at 5 per cent, amounts to $2,000,000. The. greater part of this debt is held by foreigners, who draw their interest semi- MUJIIjF ftßffl the B»mb in gyrrißt Retoa will bbl hi Fiiiljfii taf fcHipjFi, Here then li» iiinkißßßil dj*ls ’£? pteeleue. mettle Irib> fiHFflpem BBftFI. linil.tßHHßl 1 It Ii brUKIi in the money merlteti rrH ii.twH m hiutaeii tpiFttlßßi in t esntißHßi itit# nf flnotßMlnn, Thf ftw Imiiklniiyiieni w«m U PfiniM domeml (hr our Stoic -tnoba—they WBRldi hP RurohinJ. brought homo ftom Kurapo, Alia owned 'toy our own ollliani—wild would, of fl °urio, roaelvo tholr Inioron In "our own durronoy —nml thin Ihli ilrnln of tho preolotii metili would bo Happed, and tho builnon community would bo rollsvod (Vum periodical omhorreiimont, I hn«o ■old (hit tho now lyitem would oreoto a demand Itor State itooki, Till, would be gratifying to every friend at good old Ponntylvanlo. Why ihould her credit bo 30 per oonl. bolow par, when her adjoin ing aUtera—Now York and Ohio—pro,at]par,,or nearly 10, in oonaequonoe of tholr tVeo lyaioma of banking f The itooki o| New York and Ohio are continually selling at par, or varying but little Irptn it, while Pennsylvania fi per oent.’e pro selling a* low as from 71 to 73 cents on tho dollar, add her 8 percent's are but a. few cents above that’rate.— Every honest man desires to preserve his own credit. Every honest Pennsylvanian should like wise desire to preserve the credit of the State. We have gained credit abroad for our prowess in arms —let us establish a like credit for our ability and honesty in money matters. It may be that the new bill has its defects. But it. is infinitely better than the present systejp. In deed almost any system is better than the prewnf. It redounds greatly to the credit of many : of the institutions now existing, that they have not yield ed to the temptations to fraud and speculation which are spread so profusely before them. But their uprightness furnishes no qrgument in favor of a system which encourages a contrary course, and under which the people of this country have al ready lost money enough to defray the whole ex penses of the Mexican War. It is the great curse of Democracy that her cen tinels are not always sufficiently vigilant in guard ing against the insidious approaches of her enemies, who are ever watchful for opportunities to hood wink and deceive, so that tliey may persuade her to adopt the dangerous dogmas of Federalism. It was thus that she was persuaded to adopt the United States Bank—-the adulterous connexion of the Government and the State Banks, and the High Tariff. But the moment her attention was called to these evils, she abolished them, and struck thdm out of her creed as spurious interpolations by the common enemy. The present banking system is but another such interpolation. The warning.voice of Snyder denounces it as dangerous to.the safety and liberties of the people. It may take some time to undeceive the unthinking, and to remove the mists and prejudices created by the monopolists. But Truth must triumph in the end. Complementary Ball to Mr. Stouch.—-A num ber of the friends and admirers of this accomplished dancing master, intend giving him a complimentary ball. The compliment is well deserved, as Mr. Stouch has been untiring in his efforts, during the season of balls and cotillions, to make every thing pass off as pleasantly as possible. Nodoubtthe vo taries of the “ Polka ” and “ Gallopade” will give him-a brilliant and handsome benefit. * From tlie Democratic Union. Fourth of March Convention. We publish below a list of Delegates appointed to the 4th of March Convention. We are aware, that there may be some inaccuracies, and trust that our friends-will correct them, wherever found. SENATORIAL DELEGATES. 1. Philadelphia city. —Henry M. Philips and Al exander E. Dougherty. 2. Philadelphia county. —William J. Crans, Ellis B. Schnabel and Edward A. Penniman. j 3. Montgomery. —Dr. John A. Martin, j 4. Chester and Delaware. —James Atkinsi 5. Berks.— John W. Tyson. 6. Bucks. —Gen. John S. Bryan. 7. Lancaster and Lebanon. —Reah Frazer and W. W. Murray. 8. Schuylkill , Carbon, Monroe and Pike.— Charles Frailey. 9. Northampton and Lehigh. —Peter WykoffV 10. Susquehanna, Wayne and Wyoming. —Rufus M. Grcnnell. 11. Bradford and Tioga. —Ulysses Mcrcur, rec ommended by Bradford. j 12. Lycoming, Clinton and Centre. —John A. Gamble. : 13. Luzerne and Columbia. —C. R. fluckhlew. 14. Northumberland and Dauphin.— DJ W. C. Brooks. i 15. Mifflin, Juniata and Union. —John Purcell. 16. Perry and Cumberland. —Dr. Jacob Baugh man, of Cumberland. 17. York.— David Small. 18. Franklin and Adams. —Wilson Reill 19. Huntingdon, Bedford and Blair. — 20. Armstrong, Cambria, Clearfield and Indiana. Gen. Robert Orr. s 21. Westmoreland and Somerset. — Joshua F. Cox. 22. Fayette and Greene, —John L. Dawsin. 23. Washington. —S, B. Hays. 24. Allegheny and Butler. —Chambers M’Kibbin and Alfred Gilmore. 25. Beaver and Mercer.—' Thompson Graham. 26. Crauford and Venango. — 27. Hrie. : —lion. James Thompson. 28. Warren, Jefferson, Clarion, Potter, McKean and Elk. — John S. McCalmont. i REPRESENTATIVE DELEGATES. Adams.— Joel B. Danner. j Allegheny. —George P. Hamilton, John Coyle, Robert H. Kerr and David Lynch. j Armstrong. —H. N. Lee. ; Bradford. —D. Wilmot and B. Laportc. Bedford.—William P. Schell and James Reamer. Beaver. —John Mitchel and Lewis Berlcs.— John C. Evans, John Zerbe, Solomon L. Custer and David Kutz. I Blair.- John Dougherty. j Butler. —James M ’Glaughlin. Bucks. —Paul Applebaugh, A. G. Ryali and Josh ua Wright. Crawford.— Morrow B. Lowry and Jsmes E, M’Farland. Centre and Clearfield.— Pr. I. D. Canfipld and Capt. George Walters. Chester. —John Ralston, Samuel Davis and John Hickman. Columbia. —Col. Joseph Levers. Cumberland.—A.. Smith M’Kinney and William R. Gorgas. Cambria.— Jesse Patterson. Delaware. —Homer Eaches. Dauphin.— E. A. Lesley and Dr. A. Patterson. Erie. — Murray Whallon and Smith Jacksbri. Fayette. —Westley Frost and John Irons.j : Franklin. —Geo. W. Brewer and Frederick Smith. Greene.— John B. Gordon. ! Huntingdon. —John Scott. j ‘ Indiana.— Samuel S. Jameson. 5 Jefferson-, Clarion and Venango. —-George W. Ziegler and Seth Clover. f Lebanon.— Cyrus Carmony. Lehigh and Carbon. —Samuel Mara anil John Fatzinger. j Luzerne. —Warren J. Woodward and Samuel H. Puterbaugh. • I Lancaster.— John L. Lightner, F. K. Cuifran, C. M. Johnston, S. C. Stambaugh and Levi HSII. Lycoming, Clinton, Potter and Sullivan]—John Bennett and H. L. Dieffenbach. Mifflin.— Dr. Joseph B. Ard. Montgomery. —Nathaniel Jacoby, William T. Morrison and W. H. Schneider. Mercer .—James Galloway and James Hazleton. Northumberland. —Edward Oyster. Northampton and Monroe. —Major George Sla bach, William H. Hutterand M. JVJ. Dimmick. Perry. —William B. Anderson. Philadelphia city. —James G. Gibson, Francis Kelsh, James M’Annall, James Magee and! R. R. Young. | Philadelphia county.— Hugh Clark, Charles J. Burns, John Kline, John A. Bender, John Stallman, Anthony Felton, Joseph L. Smith and Jacob Souder* Schuylkill. —Thomas Foster and Kennedy Rob inson. - ; Somerset. —Williapj Roddy. 1 Susquehanna and Wyoming. —George Fuller. Tioga.— Jonah Brewster. Washington.— James M’Farren and Major Rob* ert Love. Westmoreland. —John Snodgrass, Alexander M’- Kinney and William Jack. Warren, McKean and Elk.—Alonzo I.Wi'cox* recommended by Warren. Wayne and Pike. —0. H. Mott. Union and Juniata. —Col. Andrew Parker and William Cameron. J York. —James M. Anderson, W. S. Picking and Stephen M’Kinley. 6 f Donegal Fuhnace.— The ‘Columbia Spy Uys: A young city is springing into existence, undir the especial patronage of the Iron King, in the neigh, borhood of this new establishment, which i? now in progress of construction. The fact is that Ma rietta and Columbia, tired of running againsieach other, are running right into each'other, and a few yearn will show that “ monntains interposed, ’win not be able to prevent our thriving villages “ mmghng mto one,” Success to the W £ that are drawing us together. SIMON.SNYDER. Communicated.
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