-JT % J ’MP
--'' L *d \• - j^ssssi
‘l_E3t±J_f_k - »- ■»-*—< • ■>-- >-■--*■■
• ■-'fl-V'-.-i'S •* •■*>« . •• ?:■ •
£ &l» j v 1 *
Grea Hrit^reWthe.CH}J ß^ t j^
H IGN of the auiS Ren
•> 7 corner.oPEast-King. and;
Ddke Street*, opposite-'the Farmers’ Rank, would-
reßpeetfuUy notify:hiBrjxiends-and the public:
geneftULyythat be his'shop from North:
Queenstreet to the abovetatand ; and very cordially
v invites 'old-customers,vand as many new
onesiaswould- wish a dollar, in- the purchase:
of aihat,;to give him he can sell
handsome and durable arbclh at least one dollar •
lower’than chn be purchased at other shops, j
He-is'slso prepared to fill all orders for HATS and
CAPS, of’the best; Quality aud latest styles, prompt
ly and on-terms ds. accommodating as can be. ob
. tamed at any- other stand. He would also say. lus -
• Fall- and' Winter Faxhibns are now ready, and
invite a!l:to call, examine and judge for themselves. -
Ho keeps constantly on .hand, and manufactures
to order, all sizes of Cassimere, Brush, Russia, i
Niitna, Silk• and -Napped -Hats, together. with an
assortment of plain and cheap hats* which he will
seßion moderate terms. Also,.* general assort
ment ofMen’s and .Boy’s CAPS, very cheap.
He returns his thanks for tlie patronage hereto
fore! bestowed upon him, and trusts that those wish
ing fashionable and durable Hhts and Caps will
consult their own interest by. giving him a call:
but idon’t forget. the place—corner ot East King
and) Duke streets,.or you’ll miss a bargian. that
you’ll not forget in a hurry! Remember, right op
possite the-Farmers’ Bank, sign of the Golden Hat.
apr 13’47-11-tf] JACOB HESS.
The United States’ Clothing Store.
igri of the' striped coat,by REUBEN ERBEN,No.
1 35 North Queen street, corner of Orange, one
square from the Court House, East side, Lancas
ter, Pa.
rfTOIS mammoth establishment, now. contains by
Xlht the largest and cheapest assortment of men’s
afitFboyi’ well made clothing in tho cityofLanean
tori | and will positively not be undersold by any
other. Tho stock Includes every description of
clothing worn at the prosout day. Tho tpost fhili
ioimhlo, as well ns the most plulu, so thnt.all tastes
•may bo suited. 7 . The subscriber being u praetloal
unuLMpeiloHoed tailor, gives his entire personal
attention \io the huslnuss, and liuh every garment
miufa under Ids immediate Inspection hy the best
workmen in the State,|uud us he buys all Ids goods
in the Extern <dttes4br ensii, can mmfldmitly re
commend, the inhabitants of Laneusier city ami
county, one and alt, to call ut tho
• SIGN OF TJIH--HTIUFRD COAT,
and convince themselves that it is the right place
to buy cheap and well-made clothing.
A targe variety of cloths, easslmeres, vestings,
fee. 1 of the very finest us well us oommnu qualities,
always on hand and made up to order lit good
stylos at a very small advance on wholesale prices.
The latest Loudon and Paris Fashions always re
ceived, anti CUSTOMER WORK made according
to the latest patterns and in the highest style of the
artlby thd very host workmen.
A fine assortment of shirts, shams, collars, cra
vat's, stooks, and StilTner’a gluvoa, handkerchiefs,
suspenders, hosiery, ami all kinds of Flannel and
knit under shirts and drawers. Also, umbrellds,
cheap.
Thankftil for past favors I respectfully solicit a
continuauce of public patronage, and feel confident
that all purchasers will find it to their advantage to
’dulll with me as 1 am determined to avoidjill hum
bug and misrepresentation, and. sell goods for what
they really .are. REUBEN ERBEN, Tailor,
United States Clothing Store, Sign of the. Striped
C6at,NoV3s North Queen street, corner of Orange,
square from the Court House, East side, Lan
caster,-Pa. ’ sep 28-35 _
| I Fall Fashions.
IV SHULTZ, Hatter, No. 19J North Queen st.,
Jj t would respectfully inform his friends and the
ppblic that lie has just received from New York and
Philadelphia the latest Fall and Winter Fashions,,
and will be pleased to furnisb his customers and all
others with them at the shortest notice. As all his
Hits are manufactured under his immediate super
« intendence, he feels warranted in saying, that for
durability and finish they cannot be surpassed by-'
any establishment in this or any other city in the
Upipri. His stock consists of Beaver, Nutria,
Brush, Russia, Cassimere, Moleskin, Silk, &c. &c.
which he will dispose of at the lowest prices. Call
and examine his stock before purchasing elsewhere.
CAPS, CAPS!
His assortment of Caps is one of the most extensive
in the city-and he is adding to it daily. Customers
may rest assured that they will be suited, as he has
*' 'carefully selected his stock from the largest assort
ments in New' York and Philadelphia, Don’t for
rget the stand, directly opposite Michael’s Hotel,
North Queen street. - -
| Country Merchants visiting Lancaster, dealing in
Hats or Caps,"can.be supplied at
from one to a dozen, such as they may want.
I He also informs his numerous friends, and custo
mers that he still continues to conduct the Hatting
business in all branches as heretofore, at his
OLD STAND IN NEW HOLLAND,
to.which'p&eeall orders for the delivery of Hats
are requested to be forwarded,
aep 4-14-1 y Y DAVID SHULTZ.
Fastiionabie Fall and Winter
I Clothing.
Call at the New Clothing Establishment, West King
! street,"Between Cooper& Lichty’s and C. Hager’s
| store, opposite to Steinman & Son’s Hardware
store.
E-LICHTY, Merchant Tailor, has always on
Y ’hand a stock of ready made clothing, of the
cheapest and best to be had in the city. He would
call attention to the following articles, and feels
assured will be able to give general satisfaction to
all who will favor him with their custom. His stock
consists in fiart as"follows;
Dress and Frock Coats, Cassimere Pants, Neck
and Poclret Handkerchiefs, ] Vests of all kinds,
Drawers, Suspended, &c. together with every arti
cle of clothing.-for gentlemen’s and boys’ wear,
which he will sell at the very lowest rates. Cloths,
Casaimeresl and Vestings always on hand.
-Haying just received the New'York and Phila
delphia Spring. ;arid Summer Fashions, he is pre
pared to attend to customer’s work, which will be
warranted to be'done iri the best manner arid with
punctuality." ' ' - .. ■ oc * 2&-^39
Removal oftlie Clieap Casb *
CLOTHING STORE.
J GdRMLEY, Merchant Tailor, respectfully
Y ihfdrms the citizens of the city and county of
T Lancaster—his customers and the customers of
Simon J. Young, that he has taken the ; ‘stand so
long occupied by S. J. Young, two doors south of
-Orange .Street, and next - door to J. Gish & Co.’s
Book Store, where he has the largest assortment of
ready made clothing ever offered in the city of
Lancaster. This stock consists of Cloaks, Bangup,
Sack, Dress, Frock, Walking atid. Riding Coats,
Roundabouts for hoya.of all slues and descriptions!
J. Gr^returns, thanks for the many*fevors and
hopes that his friends and the customers of J* J.
i Young and the, public In general will continue to
I - iUvor aim with their ealhr. \. . tnov ifl=43
I*. M. UAXIIIUtniT,
MER6HANT TAILOR) would meat reapeat-
Hilly Inlbrmhis IVieiuia and the public that he
seel veil at hie rsem, thr a number of yeara oe*
i : ousted by Setlelb Halbae]i, deeeaaed, as a aliee
i store, la NertU'&ueen street, nett deer te the E«=
. amiiier it Herald office, a large aesertffient of ready
made OLOTHINO, nf every variety, out and made
i in the latent(kll and winter atylea.
He would alee tulbrm hie IWenda and the public
i that he paye particular attention te eoitomer work,
and la prepared to make to order all article! In hi;
line. In the Intent and moat Ihahlennble etyle, and
on the moat roaeonable.terina. . ,
1 ' Scouring and Renovating attended to on the
| iliorteit notice, Ho. pledgea himaolfto give aatla.
! jlwfcdr* all who may wl«h garment* renovated
- TW fnd vofiiffeil. ,Hn Joalros to preient Ida acknowl
edgement* ftrpaat (livora and aolloltin ooiulnunnoo
oftho pubUcfltvor.
rtember 31, 1847.
Removal.
GEO. SPURRIER would jespectfolly inform his
’friends* customers, and tJwpubllc in general,
that fee hM removed jiii Clolhlpg otore from hia old
Btamfi lnext door to . the Post Office,,;to ..one door
Bear’s Printing'Office,''and; nearly
opposite J. Michael’s Hotel, at the 'sign of the Bio
Pants, whore all .would do well to calf'that want
tobuy-CHEAP-AND WELL-MADE CLOTHING,
93T Customer's work attended ta-at the shortest
notice, and madeinaw.orknianlike manner, Don’t:
for»et thfi.place, G sign of the Big Pants. ; .
dec , GEO. SPURRIER.
• ' ! •': ; -:*!rw»cl»;BIerlM'o'e8. M •
JUST opened all ihe desirableshade* of those
splendid THXBESyRVOTBS so much jn de
malid 4('p?esent : fdfclo»%s.enadressea—warfanied'
. fromi«hß «eleß«.ied i facliSJ,of-JiobhnB'’& C^"’AH
-•A-oVv, i-“ lft<B,QneeniStreei.,
?•• ocl-jS“ •: "• -• • .-fps- : • •38''*"‘
■-T*'*
Z „ i
W. O.Hlckok,
(Successorto JBckok tf CantiMj) BOOKBINDER ,
and Blank . Book Manufacturer, Jlarritbiirgi.Ba.
milE subscriber respectfully, informs bps-. friends
X'and the*pub!ic, that he is now carrying on the
■above business in the-otf stand-, formerly
& Cantine. As the buildmgiaß for the
last-eight years been conducted by jbim, be. flatters
himself that, by careful attention to business, ihe
will jnent ; and -still receive a contxnn&nceofthe
patronage so liberally. enjoyed.by-the i.
Particular attention-will be paid to the ruling and.
binding. of every description of BLANK BOOKS,
for banks, county offices, merchants, and private in
dividuals, such as Discount Ledgers, GeneraHdo.,
Discount Note Books, Check Books, Tellers’ State
ments, Ticklers, Scratches, Weekly Statements,
Letter Books, Cash Books, Copy Books, Judgment
Dockets, Appearance do., Quarter Sessions do.,
Execution d0..-Election do., Orphans’ Court do.,
Naturalization do., Sheriff’s do., Justices’-d0.,-Ad
Sectum Index do., Deed Books, Pass Books,.Led
gers, Day Books, Journals, Invoice Books, Time
do., Will do., Bond do., Mortgage do., Commission
do., Minute do., Miscellaneous do., and every va
riety of Full and Half Bound Blanks. - . i l-
He has made particular arrangements to supply
Prothonotaries with the new and approved. Judg
ment Ddcket and Register, with the new Statement
of Administration Acct., Old Books, Periodicals,
Law Books, Music, Newspapers, &c., bound to any
pattern, and in any style required* He bos made
full and ample arrangements to bind Harper’s Il
lustrated Edition of the Bible, and'Harper’s Illu
minated Shakspeare, in a style of magnificence .-Jiot
to be excelled in the cities;, in either Velvet, Tur
key, Morocco, Calf or Sheep, and at veVy reasona
ble prices. Copying Presses supplied to order.—
Paper Ruled to Pattern. All work warranted* :
Harrisburg, jan 4, 1848.] W. 0. HICKOK.
New Supply or Boots & Shoeilgig
Gum Shoes, Ate. fW
THE subscriber has just received a new 9
supply of Boots, Bliooi, Gum Sh'ons, fec., ! nt
his stand, in North Queen Btrcot, two doors abdvo
the Post Office, to whloh ho Invltos the attention: of
his patrons and the public In genoral. .
. Ho hns n supply of Gum Shoos of every doicrlp*
tinn, conslfttlntf of Buskins, Sandals, and plain,
'with double nolus, and also a common article;
uov 0 *47-411 ; ADAM 8, KELLER- j
I‘ ONGKNKCKEII fe CO., have received a lot ol’
j )mmlsmue : White Orapu Hliuwlh of nil prices
and qualities to the most costly, whloh they will
Milanese of at small advances.
Also, a now lot of Paris Kinhrolderloa, Needle
Worked Collars, raps am) laces, Bilk Fringe, fee.
A ImuutilUl assortment of Fancy Dress Goods,
; Ginghams, (.awns, linlaorines, Bareges, fee., Linen
Plains and Bilk Ginghams.
A honutilUl lot of Bonnot Ribbons.
LONGRNECKRR & CG„ i
Corner of East King and Centro Square*
May 25, 18-17. 17-tf
CALL tho attention of the public to their large
and splendid assortment of Dry Goods. The
mercantile relations in which they stand enable.
them to compete with any in their business. To
the low price of their goods, (which are selected
with great care and taste,) is united the greatest
variety in styles of all that is new and desireablc.
Their stock of STAPLE AND FANCY DRY
GOODS is the largest in the city. There is a great
range for the indulgence of the fancy, and it is
with pleasure they can assert there are few of those.,
who have favored them with a call
unsatisfied. 16 ’47-42-tf
Tlie IndustvlOtis Bee still gathers
- in Store.
THE largest and most splendid stock of DRY
GOODS ever offered in the city of Lancaster,
is now being opened at the Bee Hive, North Queen
Street, wholesale and retail.
This stock has just been received direct from*
Bostonj-New York arid Philadelphia, and comprises*
some of the rarest bargains of the day, for Fall and
Winter sales —Shawls, Silks, Merinoes, Ribbons,
Gloves, Hosiery’, &c. sept 21’47-^2l
Tlios. W. & Theo. S. Evans, Dentists.
TT AVING removed from the office lately occu
-11 pied by Thos. W. Evans, in Kramph’s build-
partnership existing between Van Patten
& Evans, having been dissolved,) to the corner of
North Queen and Orange streets, (over Metzger’s
Shoe Store,) entrance on Orange st., respectfully
offer their professional services to the inhabitants
of the city and county of Lancaster.
ftCT Thos. W. Evans, during his visit to Paris
would recommend his patients to his brother Theo.
S. Evans. , [nov 9-3m-4l
THE subscribers are opening a full assortment of
Fall and Winter Staple and Fancy Dry Goods,
which will be offered at the lowest market prices.
ALSO—L.overfag’s Syrup IVlolasses in hhdp.nnd
bbls. Lovering’s Crushed and Pulverised Sugars.
Low priced Brown Sugars. Rio, Java, and Lagu
ayra Coffee. Fresh New England Hops. Bed
Feathers, &c. &c. C; HAGER & SON.
sep 21 34
ARE regularly receiving from the manufacturers
in the United States and in Europe, large sup
plies of Hardware, Cutlery , and Saddlery, and: are
manufacturing a superior article of Cedar Ware.
Merchants, persons commencinglhouse-keeping,
builders,-manufacturers, mechanics, and the public
generally, are invited to examine their stock, their
prices shall be equal to the lowest Philadelphia
ates. -* [Jan 19-51
JUST .opened 50 of ihe most superb Tcrkerr
Shawls, direct from New York, at various
prices, at least 50 per cent lower than the same
Quality and 9tyles has ever been sold in this icily.
At the BEEHIVE,
10 doors North of the post Office N. Queen st.
bet-19. . ' ' 28
*• The ery In still they come.’’
JUST received 60 pieces’of those splendid French
and English Plaids so much worn for Ladies
Fall and Winter Dresses. At the Bee Hive, North
Queen street. !'
CHAS. E. WENTZ & BRO
oct 19 38
100 bbls. (i and ± barrels) New Mackerel, receiv
ed and now selling off at the lowest priqes a£
No. 80, North Queeti street, 2 squares from the
Court House.:and immediately under the Museum,
by [sep 7-334m] PINKERTON k SMELTZ.
DantelFagan, marble Mason.
LB stand ( Nprth Queen street, west side, be*'
W tween the rtUiroatf and post office. Ornamen
taf and Plain Mantels, Monuments, Tombs, be.
executed to order at the lowest prices. Lettering
dene In English 1 or German. \; -Inov.MO
manes. |
TUBT received a ftill supply of planes, consisting
U of K* W. Carpenter’s and Factory planed ami
tor sale at redueeu prices by
Jan 90=59 . BTKINMAN it 80N.
To lho§ Makers.
PpHE subscriber has a Animate workman, (Vmn
X Philadelphia, who makes and repairs el); kinds
oTffitoe Mailers Tools, which will he done at the
owoitprloes, and warranted to work well, •
deo 99-47 H. 0, LOCHER.
P DONNELLY, Attorney at Law i Office In
• South Qucon fltroot, in the room formerly
oocupiod by J, H. Montgomery! Eaq. [jan 4 MB-48
"ITTILLIAM W. BROWN, Attorney at--Law,
W tenders his professional lerviooi to,the public.,
Offloein stroet, a fo’w doors west,of the
Lamlr Tavern ana; next door to Col. D. W. Patter
son. • -• : ■
and wo have tho aum of 308,404 fit
aa the aggregate increaae of the balance in the
Troaaury, ancTof outitandlng taxea on the lat Dee,
1847, over the aame itema on the lat Dee. 1846.,
Thia calculation ahowa, that the revenues alien
ed and accruing, with|n a financial year, ending Qn
tho 30th'NoV<last, were,,not onlyodoquate jp> meet
the domanda ‘upon the Treasury, witbip' the. year,
but'eic'eeded Them by the'auhrbf s362,464'filths
above stated, and if to this turn; be addedthe
amount of-the debt paid'within the year,to wit,
$160,627 49, wehave the sum of *468,033 00,'as'
the exceaabfttbe revenuesaocntingWithin tbeyrear*'
over the payment of the interest on the pubiicdebt;
the eipenses.of tlte government-add teeiotheri or-*
tdihary dema»^i{ppon-the,T*ea»'lry.^,< t .-- ;
TUNItJgpB.-KAUFFMAN.a Attorney [ats'-ttiw,! Tte.BHlWttfeMßgr WSWWttflfcViWw,:^
(/ offers serviceatp thepublic.—,. proving eohditionpf the finances State. . ,It
Office' in L'ongenccker’a building," Centre Spuare, la thdfrrst'time since in
next.door to Kendig’s Hotel. v oiep_'?ri>oai--c ternfll improvement system; that 1 the pertnanent'
April 13, 1847. ~ , , : .11 revenues accruing within the year, unaldeffTodm
' r ’ * —v -1 T- x " < any othersource,havd. exceed edqrbeoh'equal. to,
I:W7'ILLIAJd,F. B]IYAIS, AUDmeyatthe denranda uponcdieSSrem&fy.'' Ir'iif Jhate; the*
' ®S e i9PJ“^ I, f .?P**chptfs Hotel, EaatSing at.j ini oftfSFclifiina'
Lancaster. -' ‘ '— ■" ■ c [dec * 'oponthedi'teasbiyJdtiringifhg'tWbTrredddittff yeansy
E. M.MAMBRIGHT.
, . 35 r tf
"ftTASHINGTON BAKER, Attorney at! Law,
YY offers Kls professional services to the public.
Office in Cehtre Square, ; to Thos. Baum*
gnrdjier & Co.’s Store, v [apv 3Gr4i-6m .
W. M’EtROYTAWrhey at-Law, o£
•VX fers bis professional servicestOrthe. public.—
Office in Centre Square, in the room 'formerly occu
jlited by .'Wm, Carpenter* lEsq., -next jdoor ito; the
Mayors, office. -
. ratea
.... ('•
Wlilto drupe Mliiiwlni
LongenccKcr & Co.,
New Goods.
SteiumanA Son
Rich Ter.kcrri. Shawls.
1847. Wo. 80.
hifY tAp -~f,jfcMW * +»*• *-• -«*-»;-’ > *■•' -
yH -‘ r * - *4* # »*r* ■'** * V”' <■ •* A- s* it , ”5 tjf-a&iiKU £. x
“r * * _-u <l< gT> M XMH>.fs&ifeS=Ma Jar * >- -i -.. .*** ... - - ■*•■■•• ——
nunui ktjit tpmwi no*ins»r..
BY E- W. 04JTYER-'
Ofice in “ Union Court ,’lf»JlU,Ttarj^u(&? Market
House, adjoining Centre Square.
TERBLS: - _ l
doUat»...per. »Bnjn,
*n advance; two- twenty-five,,if :not -paid, within
six months; and two finy r if notpaid wlfoin the
year. No subscnptioii .discontinued nqtil au ir J ,
rearages are paid, unless- at the option of the
Editor. » ► . • • uv ■ •
ADVEaTUEKEKTs.’r-Accompanied by die CASH , and;
not exceedmgrone square, will bejmerted three
times for one dollar, and twenty-five centa- fpr eachi
additional insertion. Those of .a greater length;
in.proportion. • . ... i
Job fntHTxne.—Such as Hand. Bills, ••Posting 8i115.,,
Pamphlets* JHahks, Labels, dec., &c., executed
with occuraey'&nd.-at-tbe shortest nobee.-
Governor’s Message.
To the Senate and House of Representatives,
of the ComtnomrcaUk of Pennsylvania
Gebtlekeit:— ~rfo ordinary reasons for foankfiil
ness to the Great God, crowd themselves upon the
Representatives of the People, at this annual meet
ing. Abundance during the past year, - has been
the reward of honest industry, in every* pursuit of
the eitiaehs. Animated with health and encour
aged by success, they have steadily progressed in
the accomplishment of their destiny, and while en
terprise has been highly fhvored in the development
of our great resources; the elevating purposes and
life of social organisation, religion, morality, edu
cation, refinement and civilisation nave been cher
ished and advanced.
Although peace aud tranquility have reigned
within tho borders of this State, we are Indentlfiod
with, and docply interested in the war with Mexi
co, in which tho nation is eMoged—a war which
the prudonco, forbearance, ana desire of tho people
to retain friendly relations, could not avert | and
which was evontually forced upon us, by the duty
that rests upon every well regulated Government,
to protoat the rights of its cluieni, and maintain
tho honor of the nation.*
Our religion, our interests, and our Institutions,
are tiiiontlnlly peaceful. Tho people hold In their
hands the sovereignty of tho nation, and exact from
their rulers obedience to their will. By their eon
trolling influence, they sanction and preserve the
cardinal policy of maintaining amioable relations,
with all other nations. By them the rights of
American cltisens, In all parts ofthe world, and the
honor ofthe nation are held sacred. Violations of
these national rights and national honor, appeal to
the justice, and invoke the power of the whole peo
ple for their Vindication. The war .of 1819, with
England, and the existing war with Mexico, are il
lustrations of this distinguishing feature in.the char
acter of the American people. Patient of. injury
while wrongs are auffofoble, and reasonable hopes
of a return to amicable relations, upon equitable
principles, can be .entertained, yet no nation may,
with impunity, violate the\ obligations of treaties,
or break Jarai-wUW-tha. United States.
In defence of these just nghlgj-tftc poww -of :this
people is' resistless. Every holds himself
responsible, and the anny springs into existence,
not by conscriptions, or contracts for enlistments,.
but by the voluntary impulse of independent free
men, animated by patriotism and urged onward to
the approbation of the
whole This mVhKjble spirit, guided by
the science and skill of the led our ar
mies in Mexico, from one victory and
from one great triumph to a greater, and wilrielfl} , '‘
them still onward, until a permanent and,honorable
peace is secured. While the honest pride of every
American is gratified, by the great achievements of
our soldiers, his confidence in our free institutions,
and in the means to defend and preserve them, is
strengthened. ■>
In the support and prosecution of the war, in
which *re are engaged, Pennsylvania has given to
ken of her ancient; and uniform' fidelity to liberty
and the honor of the nation. Her volunteers were\
among the first to tender their services, and in eve
ry encounter with the enemy; have magnified the
military fame of the Commonwealth, by deeds of
romantic chivalry and noble daring. In these great
achievements, many of our heroes have fallen in a
foreign land. The moans of the winds of Heaven,
in passing through the long grasa on their graves,
are re-echoed by the sighs of their friends in the
fatherland, and the sad requiem is a justtribute to
their sufferings and their valor.
The financed and creditofthe State—theamount
and condition bf the public debt, and the means of
reducing it, are among foe objects which claim foe
first attention of the Representatives of the people.
The amount of the public debt; on the Ist De
cember, 1847, was $40,789,577 00
On the Ist Dec. 1847, it was accord-
ing to the Report of the Auditor’
General, as follows, viz:
Funded Debt.
6 per cent, stocks, $"1,752,335 06
5 « • « : |7;267,990 37
4* « “ 200,060 00
Relief issues in cir
culation,
Interest certificates
outstanding,
Interest certificates
unclaimed,
Interest on outstand
ing and unclaimed
certificates, at
per cent., to Ist
Aug., 1845, time
of
Domestic creditors,
Being 1 $160,627 49
less than it was on the Ist December, 1846.
This payment, or reduction! of the .debt, within
the last financial year, was effected by the cancella
tion, at the Treasury, of one hundred and w fifty
thousand dollars of the relief issues, and by the re
ceipt of State stocks in payment of old debts,
which is allowed in certain cases by law.
There would have been two hundred thousand
dollars of the relief issues cancelled, within the
year, in accordance with the requirements Of the
law, but the payment of the interest which fell due
on the first of February, last, left the Treasury so
much exhausted, that the amount which should
have been cancelled on the 31st March, was not
then on hand. It will be recollected that it became
necessary to anticipate a portion of the moans of
the year, by a loan of $200,000 00, to meet the
interest which fell due on the Ist February.
The balance in the Treasury on the
. Ist Dec. 1846, was, $384,678 70
The receipts into the Treasury, dur*
ing! the financial year ending the
30th Nov., 1847, from ait sources,
including the loan of $300,000 00
above referred to, were, 3,077,025 89
Making an aggregate of
The payments;made nut ef the Trea
sury, during the* same period, in
eluding the: repayment el' the lean
e1’960,000, were, 1,080,813-1
heaving the bnlance in the Treasury,
nn the Ist Bee, 1847, 080,830 80
being 1980,919 10, mere than it was en'the Ist
Bee, 1840, -
The estimated amount of available
eutstnndlng tnxns, nn Ibe Ist Bee,,
1847, was, 048,881 00
and the estimated nmounter the same,
on Ist Dee,, 1840, wot, 049,088 04
Which ojhlhlta on inoronae, in thla
Horn, of • OjlOS 3'
To which odd the Incrcoan of. the b»l
-anon in the Treoaury, of
•ip'*
anlAe' tifcreSirt, m6«»»VeipeelftUj'ilil«e MfcKMribm'aT
hadabenSdlated in tie Trensurj.im,theiiskbec: orfe'aaiS adp«Fi>]r «• erefion, exe-
the preYioas'suspenaion of.tlie payment estioßJiWlheMw, » ireudJ^tioH'nii<f'®ttf4 : opon
ofsflie <«’«)»«' twtClM W- juweagkbojy
Ju4fyem, S wellas.th@.*»<ni ? t.‘pf«aiM eW^_aaiKy«j!,UxuMaaJ&jilwuopv
standing, were diminished, esch.year,. antj the - There^rtmi
-last} as is particularly explained mmy ailniial mes- with,cr'whschharealSsiwe airecrin6«eube upon
sages, in 1845 and 1846; towhith yon Me respect- .the interests, poantry, tha» the,SHjse#ey W 1
v—rt ,i; t<- -fltfJanSlng WWem. ... .■ ar
~, Anestimate of ,lhft receipts sad.'erpenditnres;of -- There is geodreason to believe, that the prfls
the cnrrgnt K „.'m4 e,m4jwick care, and.npon Ipentyoflthe pccpieot the;UriUed'BMafeSvP**ttMe]
otherJisdepiof July those connected.^itlntie
meat, mhereto appended,by which-ll appears,.that nas been promoted, by .the. removal on the part of
the p«hma<pf] nfjflppiptA min the Rntiiur- the Upi ntitiW'WWii i
frcuaaU sources,/or.the financial iy ear, ending or* our exportsofgxaouasd Qtheragricultiirafcproauc-r
the‘soth NoTember,lB4B, is .-k,. *3, 921,900 00 tiona, and the modification of our .oiniyUnfi; by
And that the'estimated amount of - • which the conflnercial exchanges of thy two coun-.
expenditures, for thesamepenody
. .-anclading.- the cancellation ,of
$300,000 relief notes, is. >'•
Which exhibits an estimated > e*£e*9 „ ,
of.receiptg, over expenditure 3, of ~$345,610 00
'Vq which add the estimate forr. the i-. j .
cancellation of relief notes,.which
are a part of the public. debt, >
And we have ihe sum of |: 54,0,510 00
as the estimated excess of receipts, of the current
financial year, ending on. the 30th November, next,
over the payment of the interest >on . the . ipnblic
debt, and the current demands upon the Treasury.
The estimates, when taken in the aggregate, I
consider entirely and, reliable. Durmg tlie
lastfewOyeaMj-'tHe actual VcsuttsbOvefieen'inore
favorable to the Treasury, than Were anticipated by
the estimates; Notwithstanding the extraordinary
floods', which occurred during [the past year , the
consequent damage to the public .works, ahd the
interruption of the trade upon them, for about two
months, the tolls taken by the collectors, Within
the year,- according to the report of tho 'Canal
Commissioners, amounted to the aum of $1,681,-
676 87, being 1880,081 11, mote than was; taken
ih the prededlng' year, and exceeded tho estimate
made flir tho last year, near onn hundred thousand
dollars, liad no unusuul Interruption of business
occurred, the amount taken would certainty-have
ronohod eighteen hundred Ihousltnd dollars.
The estlmato nf canal end railroad tolls, Ibr the
current year, Is seventeen hundred thousand dollars,
Whlah, there Is gund reason to believe, Is'rather
below than above the amount'which will he re-
ceived, Tho expenses of repairing the dnintigen to
the public works, by tho flonds'ol the pint year,
will principally fhll upon the current year, ■; They
are, however, Included In tho estlmato of tho ex
penses nf the year, and will not affect the results
presented In the preceding enloglntlpns. j
Tho amount of relief Issues, in circulation, on
tho first of December last, was nine hundred and
thirty one thousand,.six hundred and sixty fbiir dol
lars, of which fifty thousand wero cancelled ;nt the
Treasury, on the 91st of Sec,, leaving eight hun
dred and eighty one thousand, six hundred and six
ty four dollars, still outstanding. The moans of
the Treasury, It is believed, wllf be adequate to the
cancellation of the whole amount now in circula
tion, within the present and succeeding year.—:
Many of them are so dolhced, as to 6o almost illegi
ble, end are unfit for circulation!} besides they viti
ate the currency, and fUrnish ah ! excuse for the use
of small notes from other Staten, in violation of law,
and lessen the circulation of go(d and silver among
the people. Justice to the public creditors, who
are compelled to receive them in payment of their
interest, when they are befow'par, as well' as to
the people at large, imperatively demands that they,
should be taken out of circulation as soon as prac
ticable. 1, therefore, recommdnd the passage of a
law, allowing such of the Banks as have 'issued,
these notes, to fund them at a rate of interest not
exceeding six per cent, per annum payable semi-an-
TTtraHy, and that all the surplus means in the Treas
ury, beyond the, payment of the interest on the
public debt, and the current expenses of the gov
ernment, be applied, first,. 'to the redemption or
cancellation of those that may remain in circula
tion, as they come into the Treasury, and- then to
the payment of the amount.funded by the banks.
The resources' of the Treasury/wilt be sufficient
to cancel-all that may be received in payment of
dues to the Commonwealth; and to pay the banks
the amount funded within jtw.o years. By this pro
cess, should the banks agree to: fund any considera
ble portion of them, they Vnay jill be taken-out of
circulation within the present year. It may be*
urged, that as .these notes ;do not now bear interest,-
they ought not to be converted into a debt oh which
interest will be payable. /This; however, is but- a
superficial view of the'subiect.j There is no longer
any excuse for a violation of the: public
faith, by the payment of the public creditors, in a
depreciated currency, andithe small amount of* in
terest which will have be paid, if thebanksagree
to fund a portion of these notes, will be more than
| compensated by relieving the character of the State
from the continuation of this act' of injustice, and
the people from the losses incident to a deprecia
ted circulation. 'This currency had its origin in an
evasion of the Constitution } and ought to be blotted
out of remembrance. f - j *
It may now be safely assumed, that we have
reached a period, in our financial history, when the
permanent revenues of the Commonwealth exceed,
annually, the interest ont ihe public debt, and the
ordinary demands upon foe. Treasury, by at least
half a million of dollars. : And 1 foe excess, it is con
fidently believed, may, by a judicious revision and
amendment,o.f-the revenue laws—a - prudent and -
economical course on the’part of the legislative and
Executive departments of the Government, and the
faithful management of the public works, be aug
mented in a few years tojone million of dollars, as
a sinking fund, without increasing the burdens of
those who now pay their(taxes, on a full return and
fair valuatioh of their taiablejproperty. This sum
applied semi-annually, with its accruing interest to
the redemption of the five per cent. State stocks,
at par, would discharge upward of sixteen millions,
four hundred thousand [ dollars, of the debt in
twelve years, and reduce it at! the end of that time,
to twenty-three millions. 1 It is believed that all the
relief issues will be redeemed and cancelled, by
the year one thousand eight hundred and fifty, and
if the operations of the jinking fund are then com
menced,' on the funded debt, me result thus antici
pated, will be in the year one thousand
eight hundred and sixty-two,!at which time, there
is good reason to believe, the] net income from the
public.works, will be more than Sufficient to pay
the on the balahce dff'the public debt, ana
thereby relieve the people fcom all further direct
taxation for this purpose. - j '
Some may .view this proposition as visionary, and |
delusive, but .1 regard; it as entirely practicable, 1
under a wise and prudent administration of the <
affairs of the State. The augmenting trade upon ■
our public works, and :the. c6hscquent.increase of 1
business in our commercial dhdnianufacturihg cities I
and towns, and the increase 6f population and tax
able property, within our limlts,cannot fail, under |
a proper enforcement of the revenue laws* to add I
to the menus of the Treasury every year, if, how- ,
ever, this great object is to lie effected, the public !
revenues must not be Averted to other purposes,
and the most rigid economyand the* strictest ac» |
countability, of the agents, mint be required
and enforced,lt is among 'the first, and highest i
duties, of those entrusted with the administration
of the government, to adopt the most efficient i
means, under eilsting eireumetanees. to increase 1
publie eenfldenee and guard hgainst the good ihith ,
of the State being ever againtealled In questioned 1
reduee the publie debt, and Relieve the people (Vom
perpetual taiatiou to pay interest, i, therefore, Iteel |
impelled by a sense ef duty. tu renew the reeom*
mendation eontaineq dn the last annual message, i
which is in these words i u in nonneetlnn with this
sutdgei* I respeetfol y tecommend to the Ueneral
Assembly, the policy of proposing to
foe people, an amendment to the Constitution of
the mate, under the form of tho 10th article of that
Instrument, by which the Income (Vom the public
Improvements; after deducting tho neoesi&ry os
ponsoifor repairs and luperintoqdonee—the revenue
arising (Vom the State tax on rotftand ponnnal prop
erty, for a certain period, and stach other itoms'of
income as it may" be deemed expedient to include,
shall be set apart arid pledged, for the
paymentiof the upon tho public debt, affd
the gradual liquidate of the prinoipa).’ Suclran
amendment, judiciously/arranged, would, I'appre
xhend, mcct with. thq, ; dvoided approbation ofthe
people of the Commonwealth, it would concon
trate puKtic BenUoreut upon affixed object-remove
' all dqubtbfthe folliieiui of‘the -public credit, and;
laythefouCdatidhtifthefinal extinguishment .of
HhepubltCdebt. '-H'jwbufd^give' an additional sc
• attiirandft’ : 'to ; the pisoplhl ihd to the
' ppbUc creditors, event, could the public
s. .revenue be diverted frorir-its legitimate'object, and'
.would furnish -conclusive reasons, for the prompt'
andohMrfifl/psymetttof^foe-taxeß. , * i
i ; inequality;: of taxation arising; from largC
to taxi under-existing"
' faws, escaping. assessment, and the unequal valustti
lion, of that which fo guessed, continues" to be-*-
' j'uflt' v coinplt&t; : I am weH';aWare foere
ire iuherent difficulties connected With thnsubjeei, -
but still the experience-of the- operation of the
have become;«ppa- :
;
v anc6s■wfilch bxist,'and_Which shQnld-be adopted.!
931,664 00
353,956 43
4,448 38
22,459 80
96,005 47
•40,628,949 51
4,361,704 09
290,912 16
a«» ar^f^t^aSAj^-K^-i-W
*#? ? •>r , ,'--4f
id **&s&£> ** ?i
s4#>~ - 'S3*' "a;
tries -have. been • greatly augmented,-
ing, injanoualy, ao &r aa*l am informed* anyoCthe
great manufacturing interests, or" other industrial
pursuits of our people.' -
Other• causes, ,in: combination=with those' l alluded;
to, have produced,.* Jarge influx of specie intothe
United States, during the past year, which has gone,
into'active circulation among the people, or found
its-way into the vaults of the banks. Thia increase
of the precious metals, while-it should dispense, tn;
a great degree, with the use of paper currency, has
a tendency to increase it, by enlarging the means
of the banks. to.<extend their issues. The eftectof
which, if encouraged, will be to promote specula
tion, and over action nn every department of busi
ness, and thus make ■ the present substantial
penty of the people, the means ofproducing adver
sity and depression. The operations of the ; Consti
tutional Treasury have had, and no doubt will
continue -to have, aimost salutary influence,-In
restraining the tendepcy to excessive banking by
keeping the public revenues out of the vaults or the
banks, and compelling them to be'prepAred to re
deem their.notes, anqjfbrnish specie, to meet the
wants ofthose who have .customs, and other dues,
to pay to the Government
Although the-restraining influence of this groat
measure* upon the bunking lystom, is most bene
ficial, itfll It doos mft *llspense with the necessity
of caution and prudence, on the part of tho States,
In every tiling to banking nnd papor cir
culation. \
Moderate dlscrlmlifttiiig duties, with a sound
currency, limited to t!h» specie standard, may bo
regarded a« the natural and healthy condition of a
country, by which die Just rewards of labor are
snouted, and all the- great Interest! of the people
advanced, while high duties and a redundant paper
currency operate ai unnatural stimulants, and create
apparent blit delusive prosperity.
Nothing can contribute so much to the mainte
nance of our present prosperity as a sound curren
cy, Pennsylvania is rich In productions of almost
every description required by the wants of mankind; ,
and nothing is necessary to make her people the
most independent in the world, but a proper regard
for her true interests, ; To advance these, she must
not be seduced from her devotion to sound princi
ples, by the artificial contrivances of fhlse econo
mists, whoso selfish theories are as delusive as they
are destructive of tho public good,
The present is a most propitious period, when '
there is an abundance of gold and silver in ifie
country, to make a determined effort to increase: its 1
circulation, iind secure to the people the currency. -
which the wisdom of. the ftamer* the'‘Cohßtitu- i
tion of States provided. Instead of ]
creating new banks, or increasing the capital of old \
ones, our efforts should be directed to secure the i
solvency of those which already exist, and thereby
render their circulation sound and reliable. • • i
Impressed with the.force of theseconsiderations, ]
I am convinced that the increase of the banking ’
capital of the State, would be unwise and impolitic; ]
and 1 respectfully recommend, that before any one. ]
of the existing banks is re-chartered, a searching i
scrutiny be instituted into its affairs, its manage- j
ment, its credit, and its means; and if it be found -
that the notes have been suffered todepreciate,/Aaf •
the accommodations have been bestowed upon ft- ]
vorites, and large speculators and dealers in money, 1
instead of being diffused among moderate and safe ]
customers; that the issues have, at one period en- <
couraged speculations by- their excess', and at an- I
other oppressed honest industry, by their contrac- ‘,
tion; in short, thatthe legitimate objects for which ,
the .privileges were granted, ,have not been by fair, 1
faithful and judicious management accomplished, \
then the charter should tie suffered to expire by its i
own limitation. The discontinuance of such in- 1
stmitions will promote the public good, and will be
hailed with approbation by all but those who have, *
for private gain, wrested, them from the purpose for 1
which they were established.
This policy, so just towards the public, while it ,
may, to a moderate extent, diminish the present i
amount of banking capital, will strengthen public
confidence in the other banks, and add to the sta
bility and soundness of the currency. And as it
may, also, increase the-profits or existing banks,
beyond a just compensation to the shareholders for
their investments, and as this excess of gain is de
rived from the special privileges conferred upon
them by the Legislature, I recommend, thatthe tax
imposed by the act of the Ist. April, 1835, upon
dividends exceeding six per cent, per annum,, be
increased. While the inducement to excessive
banking will be reasonably checked,bythe increase
of this tax, the finances of the State may be, to
some extent, improved, and the public wefftrepro
moted.
The policy indicated will lead to the rigid exe- r
cution of the law prohibiting the circulation of ibr-, -
eign notes, under the denomination of five dollars,
as'soon as the balance of the relief issues is can
celled. This will be a' positive advance in the im
provement of the currency, which sbould be then
followed-by a law prohibiting the circulation of all
notes,- below denomination of ten dollars. The
channels of circulation will then be -filled with an
abundance of gold and silver, the public secured
against the chances of loss by broken banks, .and
depreciated currency ; and the way will be opened
to such farther improvements, as the real interests
and convenience'of the people may'demand.
* The cautionary enactments- I' have suggested,
cannot fail to increase," rather than diminish the
amount of a sound circulating medium., fully enti
tled to the public confidence. The effect will be
to bring the specie of the country into active circu
lation, toftrnish the people with a, substantial cur
rency, tiiat cannot be impaired by bank failures,
and to restrain the tendency of the batiks to foster
extravagance;* in time of prosperity, add seek the
meaiia of oppression in time of adversity; •'
A theory has been advocated and pnt into prac
tice, in some of the .States, called FREE BANK
ING. It is based-, in part, upon specie; and in
part upon State stocks, hypothecated with*the Gov
ernment; Inother words bahkß become the cred
itors of the Commonwealth, by purchasing her
bonds; these dre -deposited .with the Government,
and the Govettimebt endorses, and returns to the
bankers, notes prepared for circulatirin, to tttt equal
amount. I can perceive no grounds/for v Confidence
in this system. It triust explode, •.In a fcountry
where it is adopted to any considerable extent,
whenever a revulsion occurs to test Its stability, for
it Is a deviation from true principles. Bound and
safe banking can only be based and conducted; on
money— am and *«««*. Neither Individuals or
banks, ean lend that which they have neti and if
they lend credit la the shape of banh.netesi with
out the means to redeem them 1 in gold and stiver,
they commit a fraud upon the community, m they
lend and put in circulation, that which is net mon
ey, nor the representative of ffloney. ;
•if this*system of converting State itetks into
banking capital, and hypothecating it asrseeurlty
(hr the payment of hank issues, were net a delu
sion, mortgages upon rea estate, Wight be used
ftr the same purpose, wMeh would iffiM'in eaual
if not»betterseeurliyrthr the paymentof notes,
and bylhit proeeKs, the whole vampf;the reel
estate of the country, might be eonvertddlMo bank
ing capital, ftnd’the people into*; nation of bunk
ers, This proposition shows, that the whole scheme
is illusory ana unsound, , \ *
Free banking, in illegitimate sense; Is the right
which every man enjoys, to lend his own money to
whom he pleases. • It is the eiohange, of money
fbr securities, to ropay with Interest—ft involves no
ficticious increase of tho circulation . ‘but may be
carried on to an indefinite extent', 'without affecting
the currency.’ This is the fre»banUng Wbicbbaf
at all timos supplied,.: and does nowsupplyythe
wants of a large proportion of borrowers, and com
mendsiUelfto general confidence andapproval,by
Its simplicity and adaptation to tbevcircumstancea
Tho pol&y' of incorporating mining, manufa'ciu-'
ring, l transporting 'other companies, for-puftfr.
sea appropriately within.mdividoal competency,has
been fairly discussed ; and, guidedjbythe unerring
demonstrations, that these tnost
control oCiftdhianiil.teffiOWplsS'jJK*#9P o t®P»r
ion tin beepexpreiaed’Hnxhs •(iiijCajf’ffie wK'in
L' t ZpJ'Zi
j While aU ttr’great aeMttnSnt«; o6*in«(6es»fijsf
the Coiniflhnwealth
hidefffee'^SiijVequil .etiWWßßitfWiwff.MlSllb
Come meti;wba-ieem tohtara
is going onward arqund them, anih
the antiqhirfed notieit; ShaPllfe Thhid.co jffrreted
iand sclfishaggregatianof wealth,.n»a«*''the pro*,
teetionofeorporate privilege., i* preferableforthe
3,576,390-00
200,000.00
Iff V a? ‘4g&j£jg;
!
.-eton*, ufcl*^'w4>»'^“«^h* ,!
jDMlfati.pt fea¥Mffe£4«ft
done rat »k}»'gre»ti<y)«»eß<«t.t iWbn& ts&JiLt
°, ffin r 'i IH^ll
u jU«.-Tt>*-tiraewi» ,TO o*l-' -*w>tnest
where ell the nghtn of the <.by
a grant T*y.fte king to
i-portioffof his f4&]y£dß} CTf^tte^ 1 prfnl fcges,
to.cMry f pa4rade,;.or
partial enfranchisement, pw}e - the means,.of
resuming' some of their 5- - civil. rights. Then' anq
there,<mTpontioss'had-mferit*/tod'were cherished ■
by the friends tfjfrprqr.,. I|at*ia.th«ageend;cQto J ,
try, under'ourfree system/wnere the people are
•overeignytor an invert
BMMfcQf. the order .idCihinn. /Inn not to restore,
but to take r a from jhe people., their.common;
rights,'tod give them to’a few. It is to go baqkto;
wdark ages fOMnstructitiointne
meat, and-. having .found ,a* example,
from ita original purpose, and to make it tbe inatru-!
meat" of restoring the inequality
which ita introduction tended to correct. •* t
The fallacy that*.where large investments are
required to carry on a profitable business, (and cor
porators do not tasoclate'for that Which ife unprofit
able,) individual means‘are Inadequate, is every-:
where refitted in this happy.caunfrv. ...
Turther, by cheishing any particular business, >
and aurroundingit withMipeclal piiillesesi the tiat-'
ural Jaw , whieb secures to every branch of business
ita appropriate encouragement and < reward, is vio
lated. Under Jhiklawyso kindly provided by Him
who rules all things,>every individual mgn, untram
mcled by the. curses of bad government.’guidcd by
his moral and intellectual powers and ms religious
principles, advances his own happiiVoas and im
proves his own condlUon ; and* tbut, the happiness
and prosperity of all are ; promoted. lively effort
to modify or subvert this sbvoreign low, by placing
classes, provisions or callings beyond its control,
has hitherto, and ever will, flko every other trans
gression, bo destructive ot good, if our free in
stitutions nro right—lfit is right that nil mon, should
bo held equal—lf this is the law of our nature, eiw
stamped by Him who made ui, thou every human
law whleh impairs this equality, is radically and
Intrinsically’ wrong.
The Report of the Canal Commissioners will (hr*
nlsli Information, In detail, in regard to the publlo
works, Notwithstanding the interruption! of busl>
ness experienced during the year, the gratifying re
sult In presented, of a largo inereaie of tolls over
any proceeding year. The inoreaiod and, Increas
ing value of these great works, render them to ob
ject worthy of peculiar care and protection r and
must, fbrever, negative the idea of the Stato-sur
rendering the control over, theip, to a corporation..
The Pennsylvania Railroad Company nave com
menced tho construction of their read, between this
&laoe and the. city of Rlttiburg, under very fkvora
le auspices. The. Eastern division is now under
contract as ftrasLe wist own, and It is expected the
remaining portion of it, as for as HoUldaysburg,
will he put under contractduring tho ensuing spring.
The completion of-thisgreat public work, even to
jlollMfl7Rbu>g7wiU'augment' the trade and travel
upon the Philadelphia, and Columbia road. This
prospective increase of business, urges the necessi
ty of considering the best means of avoiding the
inclined plane, at the Schuylkill. '
As the Philadelphia and Columbia Railroad is the
important link which connects -the main line of our
public improvements,' as well as the North and
West branch canals, with the commercial metropo
lis of the State, and upon -the control and manage
ment of which the value of our canals mainly de
pend, every thing which relates to it is of the
highest concern to the interest: of the Common
wealth. * In adopting measures to change its route,
so as to reach the city without passing the inclined
plane, the greatest circumspection and care should
be observed, to secure the best'focation practica
ble, and to State against exorbitant
claims for damages.-’No change of location should
be sanctioned, until the whole question is carefully'
examined, by more of the most'competent c
engineers, who are entirelyfree from all interest in
the decision. Under no circumstances, should any
plan or arrangement be entertained,"by which the
State would, for. a single moment,-be deprived of
the ownership and entire control of the road.
The reports of the Auditor General and State
Treasurer, -in detail, the financial opera
tions of the year y. and: I take- pleasure in : saying,
that the industry, ability, and fidelity, with which
these departmehts'haVe been administered, are de
serving of the highest commendation:'
The Commonwealth, haa-heretofbre sustained ma
ny losses, by the delay of the . settlement of ac
counts, and the omission to force the" payment of
the balances found doe, when settled. Within the
last few years, many old account* havebeen. finally
settled, and suits brought and prosecuted to. judg
ment and execution, for balance* of* long standing.
This has, in . many, instances, produced extreme
hardship upon bail, some of whom have been com
pelled to pay the balances found due, with'ihe ac
cumulated interest, after the insolvency of their |
principals and co-sureties..
lam gratified in being able n to say, that the busi-.
ness imposed' upon ’tbe'accounting officers, by a'
special act- of collecting these' old
debts, has beep- faithfiiUy. .
-that the current business bias been promptly attend-.
ed to, and kept up. To enable the Auditor Gen
eral, however, to continue to do full justice to the
interests of the State, , and all concerned, in the.
prompt settlemeht“of accounts, liberal provision
should be made to pay additional clerk hire. :
While on this subject, I would respectfully invite
attention to the - .organization of the offices of. the
Auditor General" and State Treasurer, to ascertain
whether the regulations and checkß existing) are
sufficient, in all respects, to secure.a proper* ac
countability, and protect the interests of the Com--
monwealth. It is that the public' has for ;
many y.ears.sustained. no-losses by the Treasury,
but I .apprehend that the faithfulness of the agents,
having charge of these departments, and not the'
checks provided by thelaw',has'produced~this re
sult. This, is a prppitioiis peridd for. instituting an
examination of this subject,,.-particularly as the
present worthy officers hold sd large a share of the
public confidence. Since the establishment of the
presept system, the fintoces of the' State have in
creased from a few hundred thousand, to, nearly
four millions of dollars annually.' The regulations
and. checks which were then considered sufficient,
may.now be inadequate .to protectthe interests .of
the'commonwealth, in its enlarged and increasing
financial operations. r •'
. The., Auditor .General’s office,.to be an efficient
check upon the Treasury,.should, be so oraanized,
that the Auditor Gebetal might know, at aif times,
the condition of the Treasury fromlhe books of-his
own office,, without being dependent on , those of
the Treasury. If errors or .omissions eaist in the
Treasury, the Auditor General's books should'de*
tect and correct them, 1 This U not the case under
the present organisation and mode of doing busU
ness in the two offices,
It tttio occurs tome, that greater aeourlty against ,
the mUapplioatien of the moneys la the Treason,,, ,
and an deposits in the Buka, te the credit ef the ,
Treasurer, ihehld he provided by the Institution ef
seine etaeek upen hie draft* and payments, The -
moneys ef the Gomaeawealtiien depeitte.te the
credit of the Treaiurer, varying In amount.. Ibr
some mentha In the year, from fbur hundred thou*
land te near ,a million ef deljari. Thu; ■ a very
great dnd ddngereua power is confided to one man.
I, therefore, suggest the propriety ef requiring
the Auditor (tenerat to enuMeral»,ull draft* for
the payment of money drawn by the Treaiurer. on
the depoaitoriei, or lor trsniforrlng-moneys warn
oneilepoiltpry.to another, ~ .
The report of the Adjutant .General enhiblt* t
number of the militia of the Commonwealth, a«
well a* the artnaof themtlltary itorei,,
: TWraeWl;*hfflfire:M(4epil».«f the wlHtary
powerofthe CommondieaHh—the itnngth of a.
Republican. Government, Th* eiperienco of the
last fbw year*, haitddedpiOoft to the'vtlne of
tbie Inatltution; and’ w*aehta the, auhJeet aa'one Bf
groat impbrttnee tolnae Bare and,supervision ,of tit*
legiilatuyp., Tie nu.v - N :,: -.is. :«*<<(!'.
- The Report cf the Snperintcndeot of
.echooir,eihiblUaftll ; viedr of - the 'hrognaa end'
jteady advanfcementofour admirable natem of
whjch ja dimijdpg Iti.
all sThe mßtt.who tarot hi*,
race, ct*iuoifind<artei»'deilghtfiil«ubj«ototbc«ti-t
templatioaiVban ddttftahreraal 'proviiion4Hep
and gßa£W#t > 'W'-'e M h rta < ,u
dignitys>bAeonwe.'r';TkßvrerfßeMßiof : thei>y>tem
Surveyor, SsnreraVr‘for"'"ißfimnatk«' , -j# solsajtoo'trt
y*.- 1 -*' jg-.** v- - i- ■ ■
aag »i -• nr-jn-tes cK ■
tM»>---- -4: • u
f.iwwif' -n nr "r u TW^k J, ' : - J crv
!?' 'l-3 UU.
Infcain » view
:y strata, and Iwi^^ntj&laHrttwir
of jjountry
irif^l^gy&FdqClil^di^fttoa
un Snu ‘has
‘ 'i>e» in degree,
alien-
mend -the .qubjedtq£.j
tion of the l^gjiaUt^re
consideration.._ ; By; our- Uws> v
solute o*nntpr*of D)p.pprs^n9^.«%te^pf^tiB^^raßs , _
reducing it into
J owaerahip : ,tife;ij|^-di«pose' l 6f.it.tiy.will l
athiadestk, to plearea.
upbirsudh rentmbiiitphf, rae toddwer of
her hushandHtreal dieq r: seiied.
•Thf. wifahto.fejqontrqLafberj own.petqooal estate
oroftbat of herhu&bapd.dqf?ng the maiTiagg, .un
and at her death, thehiano jJbwen-to disp<»frof
eveiL that. ( which j ’n{aa i her ,pwp» by -Will 5 but'.-the
whole belongs to the'husband.' The husband may
effcuißberhis'eltateyby without
the.consents of hiswife,; antLaponhiadying intes
tate, she is only entitled_tp.theon,e-third pf tbeper-
Bbndl eaUfe, a’Hfe eatate in. one-third of .the
real esuteyiAer the paymentof all thedebts jand,
if the estate is not attffleientto the payment, of flie
debts, she looses all. Butthewlfe cannot cncum
ber'the real estate she Koldsin her own, right, “aful
upon her death* the whbio vests in thehusb»nd, du
ring his, natural life. 1 ;
THo policy, as woll iiiitho justice of this distinc
tion, made by the law in.fevor of tho ami
against tIMJ Jwft,lnay Svoll bh<jUeBtionedp The lib
eral and onllghtcnod spirit of the age* lias devel
oped and seeurod tho rights of man, and has re
deemed woman alovatcd her from the degra
ding position she ocouplod, and placod her where
sho ulwnyi should hnvo boon, atthosUloof hot hus
band, Ills equhl lii rank, ahd dignity. Then Why
should herrlght* of property still hoi to n graat ex
tent, controlled by tho contractedand Illiberal tm*
actmenti of an ago when her husband was her lord,
ami lie inlghf ehantlie her by law, no if site . was a
servant f Our law very oaremily provides,ithal the
husband shall not, without the formal consoul of
his wife, eonycy hts real estate by deed, so ns to
bar her dower,:ami if
given, her Tight is protected,‘after his death,against
the olalma onhisoreditorfl. Now, if this bo mound
principle, and worthy of the solemn sanctions it
has received from* the Legislature and the Judiciary
why should it not bo extended, so as to preserve to
tho widow her dower, in all cases where the - hus
band has hot 'only by deed, "but by other j means,’
sanctioned by the* law, disposed of his real estate,
without the. formal consent of his With ?! If the
husband contracts debts, his real estate is as eiTec-.
tually transform! by the law, for tho use; of his
creditors, as if he had conveyed it by deed, with ,
the consent of his wife tr-thus the law, at-present,.
enables the husband, by one mode of transfer, to' ,
bar his wife’s dower, without her consent, while it
proteets^herright witlrthe: greatest pertinacityi' if'
he adopts another; mode ontransfer.. If the- wid
ow’s right of dower is good'in one cape, as is uni
versally admitted, if is'equally good in"the
and-thepower the husband to take'it away, by
changing the mode of transferring theestate, is de
structive of a sound'and well established principle,
and should be repealed.' This conclusion appears
to me to be irresistible; and.l, therefore, recom
mend the passage of a law, securing, to married
women their fight of dower, in. all- cases where the
estates of their husbands aretransferred, aftfer the
passage of theact,: without their formal consent.
In the annual message to the Legislature, at the
last aesßio’iry and in several messages containing
: objection®io :bills .for dissolving marriage contracts,
l have expressedmy .opinionagupoifthe subject of
graiiting Thgislative divorces. These opinions have,
farther-re flection, and I shill
adhere to them.., ■*. ■
The great, .purposes for which the law-making
Eower was Established in' the Cbmmonwealth,Jiave
een accomplished. General laws have been eii-j
acted, and-.haye received the approbation’ of- the
people, for securing the enjoyment,of the. life,, the'
liberty'and reputation "of thecitizCns; and for pro-. :
tecting* them~in.-the.-acquisition,possession, - and'
property i and ip pursuitof their own
happiness.. Trie foundation of good government
being thtisdaid, the timef bf the Gendraf Assembly, .-
'at its an&ualsessions, is more occupied in- provid
ing.for the. contingencies that arise in the progress r
of our affairSjthan inchanging theorgafiic laws, as
is reference to the : annual 'enactments
of the Legislature.' For some year%past, ,huttfW o
genera, whileji large number of local laws, have
been cjnacted. The. tendency’seems to be* a sub
stitute special tor general 'legislation- f r pratice
which may be weliregarded as »f doubtful utility—
and it .presepts -a question, which, in my opinion,
deservesgrave consideration. 'General laws, affect-.
ing their discur
.sion, the nll the.ißeprer
sentatives' of’ tho people, That.wbich fnterests gii,
, attention,ahd sectlreft*fhe cafe and close
1 * ■ 'f . y-*\,
Hence,, general laws have impressed upon them, •
the wisdom, the and the judgment, of
•every-member of the Legislature. Haying received
tins deliberate sanction, they •usually' meet with the
approbation of the people, and become permanent
rules.of action,i'Thia.reasonable-practice/ limits 1
•and;simplifies, the questions submitted Tor legislative
discussion, is ealculated to shorten thesessions/re
dhee theexpenserof gavernraent, and give dignity- 1
an<| importanceLtoithe<. proceedings- of theGeneraV
Assembly. r«£/.1 ”
- dn the other handy-local Legislationv excites- no '
interest. ■. A few .members only,Who represent the
cooptyj township in which the 1 change of ;
the law is. proposed, concerned in arranginffthe 1
provtsione,*,asdvbeing , too often passed upon their *
request, those special acts are sent forth,'with all the
imperfections, .which tbg wisdopi and deliberate care; 1
of the whole body, if they bad beengeneral lawr,
Would have corrected-. Thedirect teudehcy'ofth;s
practice^is to multiply the degoand: fotfocnl Jawo—* i
demand which has increased from year Jo year*; to .
an alarming extent,; which no industry of the Gene- '
ral Assembly will be able within die limits of an ’
ordinary sejßsipn ; tp. satisfy, if the; practice is con
tinued. Is it riof impracticable,.in a great State
likff tb'provide.especial acts to meet ;
the different and changing; view's of the citizenß'bf
every borough,.township and county 7 .and /if this :
-.were practicable, would not the policy of Establish-,
ing an infinite variety of different rules, for the*
Bame people, bb;exccedinglyquestionable,and in* -
troducegreat .confimon and L uacertpinty? AVqvdd
it not defeat One great and beneficial object of sound ;
irperiri&fi&flty'bf the lawaf Is
there not ttuewisdotn/ ahdbouM: ptdifly* In pre*
serving and thff unity,of fte-Common*
wealth,Md ißmalntdlfllng'ubllbrmifitereit#, '.aiw*
torn# udhfcblui It is truigf there ard shade* of
dlftferehe&in.the jeundlttanand loe&ltdreumstaaeeß
of tiiio, oltliena ef seemte dlstrioU ef.the, State,
but In iff idvirtiHif and improvififf gauntry; Where
Intereouie is io4ire«tiiatt<Hhe loeial relation! of lift -
are bo tenenily jpjutedyhepp will, gradually.; and.
certainly disappear tinder the Jnflueneffof general ,
lawr, i*-- r '*
We.are.one peoplei without refferenee lopuf
aneestry, 8i the plsoi of nur birth. We areill
Fenniylvsnlin*=weh»ve Ihe same onnatinitleh of
government—the* Mine’ eammrni rlghtw-thenWhy ■
Should. wo not.hevethoeame .eommait, l*w» t n i
In ooneluelon, permit me to tetura.Jiaß. gentle* |
meii, thht T ahull meaifteiHlly emopewte with you,
in ill your endeavors to adwpoe-ourbidoved Corn*
raonweeltb, end to promotethe_wil(lweofthe pee*
pie, , yRS.R.SHCNK.
Kwoimva Cham**, - '» '
- Hertlibutgi Jan,,B,, 1848. ,j| i ,•
* « 6f boffielw of hhttian bohea
have been tHntpcilted ftcm the 'continent to Hull
for agricultural .purposes, i Tbeae, which were, col
lected on jhe jdwil Aufteriiti, and
■Waterloo, were the Tynea of the bold; the bravo,
and the^^jr^^^ferfeo^^jgKe«counOr|jr'6
stiieyyrere.groißld to .dust, .sent .to.. and.
Sold for' mmure^—KrwWpaprr.' ; ' ~ ' r ' .
i. to tor’.little boy
who'Wiii#ttliautK , inarWiS ; bn the BideWelk, to cottie
.be ont there, my son 1 Go into
ypuwantwpto^^6fcritje,S | inday4 ! “Well,
11 > AccoamonAMOH.—A certain son of Crispin re-
JceiiHy : 'iSltied ? d&a >: %egBßSb# ttaci»fii'itb,to get
iho steel iMrlaaf'lris-hcirse’s ahoeorshafjwnedjJind',
feinfe;m it
without off;?’’ ‘fldop’t
ttys in my'
forge, I’ll'fry.” . j~ ;
'’'?>*<y*—••■*rv-s^:-
iSyaa#, [
pre-
HMt>.QfrleqiafotiYe
KjlSfiMaa !;Upon