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THE EPIDEMIC LA GRIPPfe.
"BUMiAN INFLUENZA" CAUSED Y
AN INFUSORIAL PABA3ITE,
Aathsaatea CMatig a rasatttae At.
UNrfkWUthr tMiihit-lMlb
' IsMlsVasae a neii Msssehulae;
DMtM tnu SUBS M "a Cmm tMd."
I
Telegraphic report e the spread of
it ae called "Russiaa Inauena,"er "U
frippe," demonstrate that It U a veritable
epidemic. Each victtaa is likely te prove
r a canter et infection for all about him.
Se it spread fact in Europe aad ltkaaal-'
ready ahewn itself at leaatte aeine ex
tent ta America. And it ha always been
communicated by infection aa new, Pby- 1
aiciana many of them Ignorantly
treated it aa "a cold," doing mera harm
than geed.
te newspaper reports
lucre are even yet gentlemen writing
,"M. D." after their names who say:
"We hepe we shall succeed in locating
the 'grippe' bacillus." That was done
with scientific perfection as long age as
1803, by Dr. J, H. Salisbury, of New
Yerk city. Dr. Salisbury was in charge
of the 6tate laboratory of New Yerk,
under the state geological surrey, frdm
1840 te 1854, is known te scientists all
ever the world as an eminent living
tnicroscepist, and has treated many
thousands of cases of this disease. As
long age ns 1873 he gave te the world,
through Dr. Hallier's ""Zeitschrift fur
Pnrisitenkunde (Jena, Prussia) the
world's leading journal of microscopy
the results of his long continued and ex
haustive study of theanitnalcular organ
isms causing this disease, named by him
asthmutus ciliaris. W. Saville Kent's
great "Manual of the Infuseria" three
large volumes published in Londen in
1883, and universally recognized as the
highest authority recognized and con
firmed Dr. Salisbury's discovery of the
interesting little creature, and honored
it, from u scientific point of view, as the
first and euly known representative of
the genus nsthmates (the name given te
it by its discoverer).
Dr. Salisbury's nrticle in The Zeit
schrift fur 1'arisitenkunde gave the
name "infuserial catarrh" te the dis
ease, and presented the following por
traits of asthmates ciliaris its cause.
Tiiu descriptive article contributed by
him te the journal in question was as
follews:
Infuseria) catarrh is purely a parasitic disease,
arising from a peculiar animalcular organism
armed upon one side with cilia. This organism
assumes n great variety of shapes and sizes. By
n atchlng Its development and metamorphoses un
der the microscope, It may be seen te transform
itself into all the different forms represented in
the figures from 1 te 17. The most usual shapes
appear te be cither, spherical or oval, as seen In
Figs. 1 te 8. Each f requcntly sends out a pro
boscis, ut the end of which Is a dilated and elon
gated cillum, as represented at 14, IS, 16 and 17.
This prelwscls may be in the center of the mass of
cilia, ns at IS or 10, or at ene side, as at 14 and 17.
It may be drawn In, leaving a nipple like eleva
tion, as nt 10, or may disappear entirely, leaving
the organism oteI C8J or spherical (0). The pro
boscis erten only partially disappears, or Is only
partially drawn in, while a constriction occurs in
t lie form, as represented at 13 and 14. It may be
simply a largely dilated cillum, as at 17 and IS,
or the cell walls may go out, forming a mera or
less sharp protuberance, as at IS; or the walls
may r still further out, forming a mere or leas
fusiferm organism, as at 111.
The young are developed within the parent cell,
and when mature are discharged at the end of the
organism opposite the villa, as seen at Fig. IB.
The parent becomes quite dilated before deliver
ing; nnJ as the young ene U discharged the par
ent) cell boceineshrunkcn and shriveled for a
time. The aperture seen, however, closes, the
w rhiMed, shriveled condition of the sne walls dis
appears anil the iarent moves about again, fresh,
plump and lively as ever. The cilia are In active
motion diirln? the greater part of the lite exist
ence of the animal, and produce a most aggravat
ing Irritation of the, mucous surfaces. The young
organisms 1, 8, 3, 4, 5 and 0, have a relliug, rock
ing, vibrating motion from slde te side, making
about one-third of a revolution en the transverse
axis at each oscillation. The mera mature cells
cither vibrate slightly or have a tremulous mo
tion, their cilia net moving altogether as at S, but
vibrating lit different directions.
Symptoms Alter ence obtaining a foothold en
the mucous surfaces of the air passages they
multiply rapidly. At first they attack the mucous
surfaces of the cye and nose, causing free secre
tion of tears and thin mucus, and often intense
iwrexj sms of sneezing. The organisms gradually
travel Tfrem thejiasal surfaces down Inte the
fauces larynx, trachea and larger and smaller
breiiclul As soeu as they reach the fauces there
j a burning heat and Irritation In the parts that
ascites severe coughing. This tendency te cough
constantly Increases as they and the irritation
gradually travel farther and farther down the air
passages. When the larger brenchll are reached
a heavy, het, feverish pain Is felt In the parts
tbey invade, accompanied by Bushes et heat cad
fetcr.
This stage U accompanied by most Intense
paroxysms of coughing, which are frequently
long and most painful, especially in the morning.
If tbe parasite makes Its way Inte the smaller
brenchll and air cells asthmatle symptoms et a
distressing character often supervene. The dis
ease may continue according te the temperament
and constitution and state of health of the pa
tient; the irritation assumes a chronle form, and
the sutTerinss gradually grew less and less till
tliay disappear. In irritable, sensitive constitu
tions Din Irritation In the fauces, larynx, pharynx
and bienchil beceauM se grijat that the parts
ptsmedliaUy close In attempts te swallow or te
inlmltf elr charged with anything which excites
InfUued parts. 1 have ue doubt from what I
liave seen that death may have occasionally
occurred la the acute stage of this disease, from
eauns of the pharynx aud epiglottis.
eciivllua-Tbe cells of the mucus, first secreted
from the surface tnraded, are large, round mucus
cells, net differing materially from these In health.
Boen, lien eer, they begin te be shrunken and
Jagged, and hi a few days they assume many of
them the appearance and characters of pus cells
(inuce-pus). The secretion U thin, clear and wa
tery at first, and small In quantity seen becom
ing thicker and mere turbid. The cough ts short
and fceinett hat ialnf ut, and the Invaded surfaces
feel irritated, raw and het. The cough raises but
a small quantity at each time, and relieves the
Irritation and itching but for a few moments.
Whenever the perusites are developing rapidly en
the teltin palatl most Intense paroxysms et
ceugUngare exdted, which are long and persis
tent und 'jalnf ul, and sometimes are accompanied
by severe spasms of the epiglottis.
Often nu Irritation and itching will be felt en
eue slde of the threat only exciting constant de
sire te cough. In such cases the Irritation will
nlwaj s be en the side en which the nasal passage
Is closed. Under such circumstances, inhaling
reiuedl through tbe mouth very often falls te
check the coughing mero than a few moments.
Uy clearing the closed up nasal passage and in
haling through it the coughing and Irritation are
seen checked. The reason of this Is, that the
parasites are developing rapidly en the posterior
surface M-tbe wing of tbe palate en tbe slJeef
the nasal stoppage, and am constancy working
len into the lar) nx and pharynx en that side.
Asthmatle Byinptems Wheu the parasites
re&th the smaller brenchll and air cells espe
cially In irritable and sensitive constitutions
asthmatle symptoms begin te show themselves,
and often become distressing and almost unen
durable. Any exdtemtct in the circulation ag.
grarates the symptoms. The evening and algbt
aU alwayi ingrasje tt (uSerlan,
5 6
According
10 jt it
THB LAJTOABTSB DAILY IKTKIJJtfBOgR, yUBDAt, DOMBESiS,
'
tf
j
iwiisstina rnwnssrusn eeteagt tetaasa taat
ssM- ba liiinliK il from one mAtUheI la as-
titer, sheath lb tosusantsslea k net Wry reaawr
la worlds very ckaetvevar
raeem-
ttxty earn of the dfcteaae, eiammiet the apata
uader the microscope for many hours together la
each Instance, aad la several severe auacn, ev
veUag days te the examinations, t hava ukea
the Aim i bat Hatha myself. aa hi two hv
taaeea have warranted It t my rsmlty. I hava
tsraaHybpgna te feel symptoms of the presence
of the parasite la from four te right days after
begtealaa'tetresgaease. In U of my late eases,
1 akeetd state that 1 have taken the precaution te
'tahafe a solution of crystallised carboHe add, one
drachm te the pint of water, every two or three
hours, and te take twenty drops tincture ferri
chkwrtd ta a tumbler of water two hours after
each meal This course has lately protected me
from taking the disease. ""
TreatmctnVAll means ordinarily med for colds
and coughs are worse than useless In this disease.
While they tend te get the system eat of order
they de net retard the development and progress
of the causa. The only remedies that de any
geed are such as either destroy or retard.the
growth aad repreductlveneas of the pasVltes.
Fortunately we have many agents belonging te
this class, among which are carbolic add, Unci.
ferHhlevR qulnla aulph., sulphuric add, nitrle
add, hydrochloric add, etc, all of which rente
dies should be la solution with sufBdeat water, aa
that they can ba Inhaled without producing Irrita
tion. The Inhalations should be made freely and
aa often aa every hour or two. In addition te In
haling, gire two grains et qumla snipe, every four
hours, aad twenty drops of Unct. f errl-chlerld fat
a glass of water morning, neon aad night Ills
surprising He much a single thorough Inhalation
wlU relieve a suffering paUeet. If the sputa la ex
amined before the first inhalation and then agsJa
after it, a remarkable difference will he observed
la thd condition et the parasites. Before inhala
tion they are all la active motion after It, If thor
oughly done, they will nearly all be jpund either
dead or motionless.
By Inhaling at short Intervals-and thoroughly
one leaves no chance for the parasites te get very
numerous; and seen the follicles become perm
ated with the inhaled material; and the causa I
entirely destroyed.
J 7 - 18
Asthmates Ciliaris (Salisbury). I have Ukea
the liberty te give this little parasite a name
which, perhaps, a mere extended acquaintance
xnay deprive It of. It may be found te be one of
the many forms that are already described that
inhabit stagnant and running waters, and under
certain conditions fermenting organle matter.
The figures from 1 te 18 represent tbe different
phases of its existence. They are magnified from
SOO te 600 diameters. In Figs. 7, 8, 14, IS, 16 and
17 are seen the young cell developing Inside the
parent cell.
Dr. J. II. Salisbury, upon being asked
if he had anything new te add new te
what he had written in 1873, replied: "Ne
mere than a recommendation te inhale
menthol and camphor. Itelh are de
structive te the Ufa of the animalcule,
the former particularly se. If attacked
promptly, the living organisms can all
be killed off within twenty-four hours,
though mero are likely te be reproduced
from germs for three or four days, and
the disease will re-establish itself if the
treatment is net kept up for that length
of time. If allowed te run its course
without treatment the disease will lest
about a month. By the end of that time
these infuserial organisms will have ae
poisoned the secretions and the surfaces
of the tissues they infest that they can
no longer live in them and the disease
will 'get -well of itself.'
"Until then the affected person spreads
them abroad for the infection or ethers,
net simply in tbe secretions discharged
from his nese and threat, but by his
breath. I have e' great many cases of
thedisease te treat, and would catch it
every day of my life if I did net con
stantly employ prcvcntlve measures, the
principal of which is the inhalation of
menthol. As it is, I de net hare it mero
than two or three times a year, and
then, of course, put a step te it very
quickly. It is net at all dangerous aud
is easy of cure, if properly treated."
Te give the inquirer n view of the di di
minutive stranger Dr. Salisbury pro
cured some discharges from the nese
and threat of a patient who had been at
tacked by "la grippe" the day before
and under treatmeut for about twenty
hours, and put them under a magnify
ing power of 400 diameters in the micro
scope. Ne living organisms were found
in the specimen of secretion from the
nose, but in that from the threat two
lively specimens of asthmates ciliaris
S resented themselves. One was exactly
ke Fig. 8, only that the cilia were
shorter than in the illustration; the ether
was three times as large, swollen with
young and bore a f ringe of cilia en one
end, like Fig. 14, except that there was
no proboscis visible. The ciliary motion
was clearly observable in both, and in
the larger one there was also a percepti percepti
ble pulsating movement In the swollen
center.
It may be positively affirmed that
new, thanks te Dr. Salisbury, we knew
all that is te be known about "la
grippe." J. H. Connelly.
Manners for Deya.
Poerfellowsl Hew they get hectored and
scolded and snubbed, and bow continual is
the rubbing and polishing and drilling, which
every member of the family feels at liberty
te administer.
Ne wonder their opposition Is aroused and
they begin te feel that every man's band is
against them, when after all If tbey were
only, in a quiet way, informed of what was
expected of them, and their manliness ap
pealed te, they would readily enough fall into
Una.
Be thought "Auntie M.," as she pointed out
the following rules for a little 13-year-old
nephew, who was the "light of her eyes," If
net always the joy et her heart, for though a
geed natured, amiable boy In the main, he
would offend against the "proprieties" fre
quently. First come manners for the street.
Hat lifted la saying "geed-by" or "Hew de
you de."
Hat lifted when offering a seat In a car or
In acknowledging a favor.
Keep step with any one you walk with.
Always precede a lady op stairs, and ask
her if you may precede her, in passing through
a crowd or public place.
Hat off the moment you enter a street deer
and when you step into a private hall or
office.
Let a lady pass first always, unless she eski
you te precede her.
In the parlor stand till every lady In the
room ts seated, also elder people.
Rise If a lady comes in after you are seated
and stand till she takes a seat.
Loek people straight in tbe face when
speaking or being spoken te.
Let ladles pass through a deer first, stand
ing aside for them.
In the dining room take your teat after
ladies and elders.
Never play with knife, fork or spoon.
De net take your napkin In a bunch In
your hand.
Eat as fast or as slew as ethers, and finish
the course wheu they de.
Rlse when ladles leave the room, and stand
till they are out.
If all go out together, gentlemen stand by
the deer till ladles pass.
Special rules for the mouth are that all
noise in eating and smacking of the lips
should be avoided.
Cever the mouth with hand or napkin
when obliged te remove anything from i.
Use your handkerchief unobtrusively al
ways. I)e net leek toward a bedroom deer when
passing. Always knock at any private room
deer.
These rules are imperative. There are
many ether little points which add te tbe
grace of a gentleman, but te break any of
these U almost unpardonable.
"Old you make ud all these rale, auntie I"
V7 'i
MBJ.Maeeaj, MaajjMa Bjr yt
WMMer a WaM IsMsMal Isna Nsi MMMaV
"Makatbaaa Ml Be, Aware) la
eesntaea false a? wataW ta arary !
maa observe. Tea wrUaet aM rear tatkar
fatUagtaejMe4haati
"Wal,kwas m
if said Rey, dsan
eteMatty.
"Assiyeaiawawtaatoteaaaasdyboyr
Ittysalsasahsaff.awtttwaa aetlead taat
ha rakswara Uwia vary earafaUy la Mi
Vairar.
s.BesMaeaateTaataeaaseaadaantt
baa aad fee pleasure of fcaarlaf repeatedly
tha neaark, " Waat a aaaaly, iaentkttul lit
tie aepaaw you aareas one aad aaetaer
eeaarrad ate peUta aad earafal attaatlea te
etaera.
Parmaaa there an teBM etaar boys wae wOl
Ilka ta eat eat tease rales aad read erar
new aad teea, kaepaag or getUaff aeaaa feed
Mend te k a record of their hoesss ar
aei1csndact la the observance, always ra
aaaaDertag taat the aaettMra, aktera and
aaattsa are tka "UdUs" te whom these attea attea
tleaa aaeald ha ahewa, aad awl saerely the
r. y eaaara uaasna,
THE lON. H. W. GRADY.
ORATOrV'AND EDITOR AND PROMI
NENT MAN OP AFFAIRS.
ketch of One of the Best Men of the
Mew Seeth-Hie Keeolleetlens of the
War His XfltarU te Obliterate Sectional
Animosity.
The late Henry W. Grady, of Georgia,
editor and publicist, was ene of the most
prominent if net the ablest et the leaders
et the south. Unlike Gorden, Fitahugh
Lee. ex-Oorerner Brown and ethers of
the Confederate survivors, who at the
close et the war accepted the situation and
placed themselves abreast et the times
te bring back prosperity te the south,
Grady was a man of the young genera
tion. He was, therefore, clear in record
and free from the prejudices of the great
political contests of the past. The position
that he occupied before the reading and
thinking world was remarkable for one
man at any crisis of life, and especially
for a man of Mr. Grady's years. He was
editor et The Atlanta Constitution, a
strong southern organ, and contributor
te many first class northern periodicals;
he inspired if he did net govern the
southern policy of The New Yerk Her
ald, and he could command an audience
composed et the cream et the peeple
whenever he chese te appear en the
platform. And yet he was considerably
under 40 years qf age.
Grady's recollections of the war, as he
delighted te recount, were that he was
a school boy, and, in common with his
classmates, had the war craze, and by
hook or creek get te the front just at the
windup. His father was a soldier in
the Georgia contingent at Petersburg,
and when young Grady reached the com
mand it was te learn of his father's death
in Lee's last aggressive movement, the
brilliant but disastrous night sertie led
by Gen. Gorden against Grant's lines at
Forts S ted man and Haskell in the spring
of 16G5. When the troops scattered from
Appomattox and went home the bright
young war orphan found friends among
his father's comrades, and in the course
of time became the pretege of Gen. Jehn
B. Gorden, the first soldier of Georgia.
During the reconstruction period Grady
continued his school work, wrote and re
ported a little, and finally started a
country newspaper, with the usual re
sult of first trials failure. His news
paper work, however, had made him
capable of representing Tbe nerald in
the south, and with tlds acknowledged
position he began te rise. His Herald
connection opened up the southern coun
try as his field, and it also developed in
him bread views and the highest capa
cities of journalism. Grady entered the
editorial rooms of The Constitution as
part owner and editor in 1678. Almest
his first great work was the manage
ment of the wonderful political cam
paign of 1880, that made Gen. Gorden
governor of Georgia. Gorden, who had
been United States Bcuuter, and had re
signed in 1880
and entered busi
ness, announced
himself as guber
natorial candi
date, nis oppo
nent, Maj. B n
con, was a Con
federate veteran,
and was the reg
ular Dcmocratie
nominee, with all
of the party ma
chinery and the
nress ncarlv n
unit pledged te nKm w- aBADY
his support. Tbe victory was credited te
Grady, and it came very near making
the young editor United States senator.
Grady's national reputation was derived
from his labors in interests pertaining
te the whole south. He identified
himself strongly with material and so
cial developments, and in this depart
ment he took a somewhat uulque
stand, and held It with boldness. He
said in 1877 that the young men of the
south were ready te forget the war,
although respecting its hcrole southern
traditions, and that slavery would net
be re-cstablishcd if the thing were possi
ble. Industrial and commercial enter
prises, he thought, would occupy the
time and the energies of thsyyeung men,
and as editor of a prominent paper he
threw himself heartily into the recon
struction of business. About the time
of his elevation te the editorship of The
Constitution the articles by Mr. Cable en
the status et the freed men were attract
ing general attention, and In 1885, no
strong veice having as yet arisen te
speak for the south in reply te Mr.
Cable, Grady published an essay in The
Century Magazine, stating the negre
question from a southern point et view.
The article was entitled, "In Plain Black
and White." This paper suggests, if it
docs net plainly state, all et the views
upon the vexed question which Mr.
Grady lias given out in his numerous
writings and orations since. He began
by saying that the south should make a
full and frank reply te the query, "What
will you de with itf' the negie problem. '
Making full and frank answer, tbe au
thor said that the south has measured
the difficulties and found them te be
that of two distinct races placed upon
the same soil in social and civil equal
ity. The relations between tbe whites
and the blacks in churches, schools, so
cial organizations, en the railroad and
in theatres had been fixed by choice in
txitircases en "the basis of equal accom
modations, but separate." The conclu
sions of the author, after stating all
phases of the problem, were that unmis unmis
takable domination of the white races
would be the outcome. Till would be
due simply te "the right of character,
intelligence and property te rule."
The new champion of the south gained
a transient reputation by this essay, but
the great question was then causing only
a ripple, and had Mr. Grady been satis
tied with this single pronunclamente the
very ideas that have made him fame as
an orator would have passed into obscur
ity. Meanwhlle the world glvlnjthe es
sayist but apasslngatlentien, the Georgia
editor was forging te tbe front in affairs
of a mere local character. The city of
Atlanta undertook In 16S3 te enferce lo
cal prohibition, and Grady bocaine an
ardent champion of the "dry" element.
Owing te a difference of opinion among
the managers of The Constitution, the
L
i i .is a tint nnsamlTTiri TIT
btll.GrdywatiiwaBw.etUM
"sky." ever bis own ftiW. aaj
asMsta thfAM oecwwd dartaf Ik
canpaign. Grady aad soma ether
tertal expeneat semeiimea took eptMaM)
sides til tMsauaaistueel The Const Censt Const
tlea, and The Mew Yerk Bun, which al
ways take a humorous view of tha ec
centricities et tha fraternity, called this
double back action journalism." Tha
prohibition excitement continued for
three years, but The Constitution's peti
tion after the first campaign, which
made the city "dry," was strictly neutral.
As a local character Mr. Grady
wen personal fame. He was called the
autocrat et Atlanta, and was almost aa
hard te reach, when he chose te be,
as the Grand Llama. One et the stories
of his cast iron away in the sanctum la
that he acted upon the Thunderer's motto
of never taking any thing back. One day
a man whose obituary had appeared ta
The Constitution made his way te Mr.
Grady's room, and with fire in hie eye
demanded a denial in the next day's
awe. The editor, who was almost as
bread as he was tall, rolled careless
ly ever until their eyes met and cool
ly declared that this would be iaspossi iaspessi iaspossi
bie. "We have put you In aa dead,"
said he, "and yet you come te us alive
and ready te kiek, if net kicking! se I'll
make it all right by putting you among
the births."
Mr. Grady's latest triumphs were
In oratory. In responding te a toast at
the banquet of the New England society,
in 1886, lie gave speech te the sentiments
he had Ions cherished and written about,
and, fortunately for his fame, he was
listened te and applauded by representative-
men of the whole nation. It was
then that he stamped the phrase "New
Southland became the acknowledged
champion of southern progress en new
lines. Ue aweku the next morning te
find himself famous. A year later Mr.
Gradv engineered a very successful
seutisyTn exposition at Piedmont, near
his home, and here and at Augusta he
delivered two powerful orations en the
problems of the south, industry and the
roce question. New tho'seuth applaud
ed, and in a sense rcsendcd te his lead
ership. The recent effort of Mr. Grady
befere the Bosten merchants was a bold
summing up of the results of the move
ments for progress with which he was
associated for the past tea years.
I Grady was a voluminous writer. His
thought was clear, although thelanguage
uscdwasseinewhat Involved. Aaaspeaker
he was ready find forceful. His stature
was low, with n well developed Ugitrc,nnd
his face was full of expression, A smile
'played continually about his lips, and a
pair of very bright eyes lighted up his al
most swarthy skin. Sema neighborly
critic, in a spirit of faint praise, dubbed
'him a "genial Irishman," his ancestry
having been exiles of old Erin. The title
was net n misnomer, for he was brim full
of geniality and f ar tee geed natured te be
a partisan leader. Perhaps his greatest
work was te prove by example that
a young man of liberal and progress! ve
ideas can rlse te power in the south and
have a large following among men et
his own generation.
Da sTenteca, of nraxll.
The serious illness of President da
Fensecn, et Brazil, cauie at a very Inop
portune time for the hew tvssavHc, as
the first enthusiasm had given place te a
reaction, and there has been some rioting.
President Deodora da Fonseca is a life
long soldier and net much else, but he
has shown geed judgment in making
just half his cab
inet of editors.
San Paule, his
native province
and nominal
home, has al
ways been the
stronghold of re
publican sontl sentl sontl
ment and has
elected avowed
republicans te
the Brazilian leg
islative body, but
Fonseca himself DA. FONKECA.
has never been a member of parliament
and has held no civil offices of import
ance. He Is of pure Pertuguese bleed,
of fair complexion, with gray eyes and
light hair, is 63 years old, 0 feet ,10
inches high, weighs about 1C0 pounds
and presents a fine appearance.
A ailbertala Sketch.
&
&
Here is a reduced fac-simile cf a sketch
made by W. S. Gilbert, of the opera pro pre
duci Jig firm of Gilbert and Sullivan, show
ing his method of indicating te the CDs
tunrer hew the characters should be
dressed for the Btagc. The sketch was
made in preparing the newest opera,
"The Gondoliers," for production.
The ilnit bleeping Car.
Tbe first sleeping car was luventcd by
Theodere T, Woodruff, who get up his model
In the ofllce of James Tillincbast, at Heme,
N. Y., In 1851, tbe latter being at that timt
iu the service et tlie Rema and Watertown
railroad. Mr. Woodruff endeavored te In
terest Mr. Tilllngluut sufllcleutly lu bis In
vention te advance tbe cost of securing a
patent from tbe government, but be did net
nave sufficient faith iu its possibilities and
l declined.
r It was while in a sort of dazed condition of
mind, resulting from beingknecked off tbs
top of a frcisbt car by an oil fashioned In In
ceosed bridge, that Mr. Woodruff ceneelvss)
tbe Idea of a sleeping car. Tbe model whicb
be constructed In Mr. Tilllngliast's ofllce was
carried te Springfield, Mass., in an old fash
iened bandanna handkerchief and submitted
te Mr. Watsen, tbe ear builder, who, not
withstanding an almost universal expression
et disapproval by his empleyes, built a trial
car, wblcb made its first trips en tbe New
Yerk Central and Heme aad Watertown
railroads, and later was taken te Cleveland,
Cincinnati and etber western cities.
This car afterward became tbe property of
tbe Ohie and Mississippi Ilallread company,
en wbesa line It was regularly run. Wood
ruff sold the right te build and use bis
sleeper en tbe New Yerk Central railroad te
Mr. Webster Wagner and en tbe Buffalo and
Erie read te Mr. Gee. Oates. Tbe "Gates"
sleepers ran from lbM) te 1B7J, when tbey also
passed Inte Wagner's hands, I'ullman sleep
ers were introduced in IVA or ltXVi, be having
made a number of important improvements
en tbe productions of hU predecessors. It
was about ltKJU that Wagner and Gate built
their first car, having the same general fea
tures as these new usee, uauway Age.
Conductor What de you mean, sir, bj
spitting all ever that seat I
Old Gent What de 1 mean! Why, that
there tlgu says net ter spit en the Huer, an'
tuer winders is fastened down, an tber ain't
no spittoons pervlded. Where in thunder de
yer expect a feller te tpltl Christian Observer.
SamBBmsammsfl Vsammmh.
MV V
fuiiur v
tiwr
va
LHA1ITIIE GLAD NEW YEAR!
HOW DIFFERENT PEOPLE REJOICE
IN THE OPENING YEAR.
"Watch Night" aa II Was and Is-Kew
Yerk's Knickerbockers Modern Swells
aad Anajlemanlacs The old Customs
Went Oat Alt at Once.
"Oeln' te sit up te-nlghtr
-VI reckon yes, I reckon I will. Noth Neth
in' in It, y' knew, but lets e' fun and
fresh cider."
"COWS SMELT AT ltlDSiailT."
Such a conversation might have been
heard in any rural region of the central
west soma forty years age en any New
Year's eve. And the "setting up" was
the one and only point in which New
Year's observances differed from these
of Christmas. The Knickerbockers have
se far impressed themselves upon Ameri
can life that most of the present genera
tion think "calls and congratulations"
have always been the great feature of
New Year's.
Knew then, Innocent youth, that as
late as forty years age "New Ycar'a
calls," as New Yerk has known them,
were an unknown institution in thrco thrce thrco
feurths et the United States. But in the
border states, especially the southern
sections of the states just north of the
Ohie, the practice of "watching the old
year out aud the new year in" was the
ene thing peculiar te New Year's.
Wonderful things were te be seen at that
hour. Cows fell upon their knees, fowls
went through a sort et reverential per
formance, the wild animals lest their
fear of man. and certain plants of a mys
terieus nature sprang up in the deer
yard.
"I have had the children pull and lay
en my lap sheets as long as my hand,"
was the testimony of ene geed old lady,
and for aught any hearer could ever dis
cover, she honestly believed it. A little
later, when the old superstition died out,
"Watch Night" became a religious pro
ceeding. The ordinary evening meeting
was followed by a "song and praise" ses
sion. A few minutes befere midnight
the members et the church gathered
around the "altar" (it was merely the
space in front et the pulpit, but the old
name remained), and sometimes joined
hands in a circle.
As the minute hand of the clock nearcd
the XII mark tlse most profound silence
was observed every Christian was sup
posed te be in silent prayer for pardon
for the sins of the closing year. When
the new hour and new year began
all breke into a glad song, often mingled
with "shouts" in Methodist or United
Brethren churches, and after the song
closed the members pledged each ether
te renewed devotion and "greater faith
fulness te duty" for the coming year,
The negrees, always quick te adapt their
old African customs te their new reli
gion, took special delight in this one,
adding many fanciful features; and It
still survives in the far south m "Walk
ing Egypt."
But 'what et the original "Watch
Night?" Well, all we can say is that
some of our ancestors brought it from
Scotland with them, and as they told
of the wonderful things that had hap
pened in Scotland, se their children in
Kentucky and Indiana told the same
things as having happened in Maryland,
and by nnd by their children In Illinois
and Missouri told of them ns occurrences
In Maryland or Kentucky, and se the
superstition lived en In many neighbor
hoods even te the outbreak of tbe civil
war.
Ah, the war that Iconoclastic war!
new many fine old traditions did it ban
ish at once and forever. Hew many
sweet Illusions were utterly destroy edj
hew many local customs, hew many
racy local legends; hew mightily did it
fuse all the people et the north into ene
image and likeness. "There have been
MEW YEalt'S CAIXINO IN KMCKEUDOCKCII
TIMES,
no witches in Germany slnce the wars
et Napeleon," was a German saying of
the lest generation "Benaparte killed
all the witches." And se there have Ijccii
slnce 1800 no visions of the "Watch
Night," no praying cows, no dovetlonal
roosters, no suddenly growing night
plants.
Christmas had its own riotous sports
and sheeting matches in the early west,
Easter its "calicecd eggs," and the
Fourth of July Its cannon or anvils with
precession and speech; but New Year's
had nothing peculiarly its own but
"Watch Night," and when that was
taken the day vas left but a mere pale
copy of Christmas. The Knickerbocker
custom of "calls" was brought in, but it
was an exotie and has novcrbcceino well
established in the west. Yet New Year's
is really the elder festival; Christmas
was added ut a comparatively late day.
It was icrfcctly natural that all people
from the earliest times should celebrate
the beginning of the year, and if the do de do
mestie animals had any sort of fellow
feeling about them why shouldn't the
cows and tbe roosters pray for their
owners?
In Ireland the fairies and elves clus
tered around the shrines en holy nlghta;
iu England the dark shadow of Druldism
long rested cm the holy days; but It was
in Scotland the land of gloomy crag
and tarn and black mountain pass and
grewsome mist pre-eminently the laud
of superstition, that even birds and beasts
bowed te honor the New Year's. Frem
the Highlands the exiles brought the
tale te sunny Maryland, but in that
region it seen took en bright and joyous
traits.
New Year's observances are of very
ancient origin. The Remans en the first
dar of the vcar were accustomed te ex.'
filSife
w fill i4 ii&fem
Mill lL$mF$
1889
cnange greetings and make presents,
These under the Cwsars were a great
source of profit te the emperor and quite
burdenseme te his subjects. The church
at first- inhibited Christians from hav
ing anything te de with it, but at last
made it a Christian festival,
Strange te say the custom of calling
en New Year's day grew most nearly
universal among the Chinese and Amer
icans. The former eclcbrate the New
Year through thrre days, during which
they call en their friends, exchange
greetings in the streets, bent gongs, offer
paper prayers nnd make a "Fourth of
July" of It In fireworks.
In the days when a ltttle group of
f rame houses with gable ends of Dutch
btick clustered about the fort adjoining
the point called the battery, Mynheer and
Vreuw, together with their children, the
youths nnd maidens et New Amsterdam
would go about making visits te each
ether, celebrating the day as only a
prlmitive peeple could cctebrate it, tbe
elders smoking their pipes and the
younger making merry, aud all enjoying
themselves heartily.
It ran
NKW YKAll'8 CAMJNO Of MODEIIN DAYS.
But the burgers of New Amsterdam,
as new generations came en, waxed rich.
Broadway passed the old repewalk near
the present stte of the Aster house, shot
ever Union sqttare; and where the Fifth
Avcnue hotel new stands met Fifth uvc-a
nue, which, climbing Murrny hill, new
runs through the aristocratic dwelling
portions of the city. New Year's day bo be bo
caieo n social gala day, The young
bleeds wcnt",half n dozen together, in car-
rtages, and parties vied with each ether
na te hew many calls they could make.
In the palmy days of New Year's calling
the most fashionable peeple wero even
ing dress, the blinds of the parlors were
closed, and the gas lighted. The scene
within was often llke that et an evening
reception of the present day.
But as the Dutch New Yerk burgers
et old were overrun by the English, se
the New Yerk swells et today have suf
fered the same fnte. A dlsease called
Anglemania appeared in the land and
seized upon swelldem, The English aris
tocrat spends the Christmas season at
his country scat, and when the New
Yerk parvenu became wealthy enough
te have a country scat he must needs im
itate his English model and go te it for
Christmas and New Year.
When the New Yerker began te spend
the holidays as his English cousin spends
them, New Year's calls began te fall off.
Se for several years New Year's calling
in cities has been dropped. Fortunately
there are still left peeple who de net
have chateaus in the midst of great
parks, who eling te the old custom. On
New Year's day they visit their friends
with something of the simplicity of for fer
mer days nnd enjoy It as It was enjoyed
then, But the great rush of New tear's
day as It existed ten years age is passed,
and It Is no treat less.
Drapery Deslgus Inr Windows.
Here are four nnnl designs fur window
draperlcs originating with The Louden Cabb
'net maker, Ne. 1 is slmjile In nrrangomeut,
HfiSfialBSSHSSE
KO. OSR.
and is supposed te roprescut a number et tri
angular pieces of tniwstry or silk everlappbig
one another. A pretty effect might b
obtained by alternating a different kind of
material; as, for Instance, one Uppet should
be silk and the next ene plush, and se en ta
ite. TWO.
the completion of the wbole. Tbe frlnged
swags and silk covered spindle lattice give a
finish te the general character of the valance.
Drapery Ne. 3 suggests a rather mere fan
ciful style of treatment. The ilea of confin
ing the feitoen drapery, at intervals, by
means et silk bands or gimp forms an erlgl-
Itffcitgs
no. TirnEE.
nnl feature, The plaited temlt-lrcular lappet,
secured by radiated silk tabs, is most unusual
In conception mid presents a very busy ap
pearance. Tlie style of Ne. 3 U perhaps mers
In keeping with tbe latest fashion In window
drajrfry, which tends rtttber mere towards
bread curtain folds, negligently arranged,
no. revu.
than the conventional valance. Ne. 4 is de
signed en semen Imt uncommon lines, and
duphiya n variety of character w hlch forms
a useful depurture from tlie ordinary style el
thing.
They Left Together, '
"I haven't seen Jenes lately. Hew's
his cough, de you knewr"
"it's gene." '
"Yeu don't say se?"
"Yes, Jenes went with it." .N'ttv Yerk
Sua. J
Something for tlie New Yenr.
The world renowned success of Hosteller's
Hleniacli III ttcrsnnd their continued epularIty
for ever n third efn century as a stemachic, Is
scarcely mero wonderful than the welcome that
greets the annual appearance of IliMtettcr's Al
manac. This valuahle treat lue Is published by
The Hostetter Company, Pittsburg, Pa., under
their own Immedlute suervlsleii, employing
t hands In this deimrtment. They urn running
about II mouths lu the sear 1111 tills uerk.und
the Issue ofminie for 1KUU will net be less than
ten mlllleiif.prlnted In the Knglls i.Jleimuu
French, Welsh, Norwegian, Hwedlh. Helland,
Uoheiiilan and HpanUh languuges, llefer te a
copy of It for valuable and Interesting reading
concerning health, and numerous testimonials
as te the einYucy of Hesti-tUr's Stomach Hit
ters, amusement, urled Information, astro astre astro
neiulral ralculutlens ami chronological Items,
Ac which can be depended en for lerrectnew.
The Alnianae for Is) can be obtained free of
cost, from druggists and general ceuutry deal
ers iu all part of the ceuulry, OflleaQ
WW
Bammmsaf ammmma
-7i P'm'f??
mtpj iS
'msBHsaflPmW ammmrammmrVJ
4 fV Hr Aw LmPEi msm mr
'iln V'ffl
.. V
Y V
'1 " ..T.
3
QtrtlCOUAnfcMEUlES.
Baby OneSelid
S?Ifi,fl,n'hl' Wotrhefl, matfotews.
rmtbrdayinaiHweebrMlsrht. DmH
!!' ejle failed; TrTed Cyntemgp
Hfloet marvelleus. rvaW-flSrn,j
Uured hv niitirnri ' r;
Our eldest child. nn tl . . .
an infant sis months old was aluwkeeTwsi
virulent, mnl innnt skin rtlscsue. All ersiS
reincaiF inning, we railed our family ntii
rlau. who attemniMl in riin.it ., J2I!
with nlrmmt Incredible rapidity, until the toil
portion of the III tie fellow's person, from t
ii i "" uewn te i nu anees. was ena
r ;.,,.,:" "W"r?j '""J12 ..""..
llelOUS. Wl. Iliifl Hn fMlnlnl.hl m. ..- ...
Uny. Klnllj-, we were advised te try the Ctrri-
i-uKA iikhkium, Ttie effect was simply mar
.!. j u mm, or lour weens a complete eat
' " -i"uiiii ravini iiieiime rvuew's per
ns whlte nnd hcnltny ax though he bedae
Ih-cii attacked, lu my opinion, venr rains
remedies saved his lire, and te-day he. is i
renjr. healthy child, perfectly well, no repN
mm vi vim uisnse iiaiuf ever occurred. v
AU'r-nt-tawnml Kx-rrns. Att'y,' Ashland, O. i
Bey Covered With Scabs s 5
. Mrltey.
his life w
7 itfliSlUtJ ft!' "" bMn trenbledsW.'l
all ever his
dry white scab en them. Lest year he was weratl
top of his bead te his feet,
trewing worse, mini
br two nhvslelans.
iitu ana oeniinaaur v
1Kb lie had been treateS J
As a last reeert, Idetarv'
mined te try the Curicna Kkmkdibi, aad am
happy te say they did all that I endin -uST:
uslnjr them according te directions, the humor' ""
rapidly dlsnpiCAred,leavlng the skin fair and '
smooth, and perform! n a thoreuch cure. Tbe 3j
juiiuuiiA iiKMKuiBi are an yen claim ter
,heJ!:T,,,".ar? worth their weight In geld. V
QEOIWIK K. LKAVITT, Ne, AndoveMas
Outicnra Reselvent M
The new ntneri Purifier and niiraat I.
Humer Hemedlcs,lnternnlly,andCrricVHA.Ms
t HKJn cWanrt utmcvBA BeAy.an'!
MU....u na,,, namuiitT, exiemaiiy, speeauy
w"'!nenlly and economically cure In eartf;
II fe Itching, burning, bleeding, scaly, crustei
jmnpiv, screiuiqus, ana hereditary humrirsvw
with less of hair, thus avoiding years of tef .1
Jura and dlsneiircntlen, 1'arenU, remember '
this : cures In childhood are permanent, mi .
Held everywhere.
t.l. j-.4...... . mT.b..1
Dermanimt- . ti j
arc; KKAOLVKNT, il.OO. iTppared by the 10
iiv I "
teh im n iKn imttf if.,,. (vuuni,i.fAtf n-
.. .,,,.
-8end for" Hew tnPinHkln niu.nsi
MMM 9Ji Hln.lMitlnn. n mti IMlullu.i.l.l-' IT.
, w .,iav,, i.iin, ilU 1W lUatllUUUIBia,
llrlY,S,,J'" Hel preserved and bcutfl
unn ist lied by cvTienitA ReAr. Absolutely J
1IOW MY HIDE AC1IE8. $
.Aching Hides nnd Hack, Hip, Kidney aiM
uUTiiinrnina, llhciimntlc, Hrlatle Neuralgla. ,
Hharp und Hhoetlug lalns relieved lu ena mis? I
,v Mivvtiiiiuiu MiiuHitiuiiiHivr, sue.'.
Sanferd's Radical Cure for Catarrh.
Cem pinto ICxternnl mid Internal TreeisHj
meni nr One Vel lar. ,. fl
Te be freed from the dangers of snlteeaUest "M
inula jink uuf.ii, mi uruaiue ireeiy, aies
mundly nnd undisturbed ; te rise rarreahe
iit-mi near, urnin ncuve anil iree nrem pain
hciib w amiw uini- nu poisonous, putria 1
ter defiles the breath and rots imv thai
rate machinery of smell, taste, am
id heartn
te feel that the systtm docs net. threi
IhmixHI
veins and arteries, suck up the poison that
sure te undermine and destroy. Is Indeed
blessing beyond most human euJeymenta,'il
niirciiniui mimnmi v rrnm sueti a ruiM mnnis
the object of all amletcd. Hut these 'who hav-j
tried many remedies and physicians despair f'
relief or cure,
HAKrnitn's 1
HAicrnitn's lUmeAr.Cvmn meets every ph
of Uatarrh, from a simple head cold te
loathsome and destructive stages. It 1st
we
ana constitutional, instant in relieving,
maiieut In curing, safe, economical aad n
fulling. j'.
HAnrhti1 ItfuttMil Oitk ! .?
Consists of one bottle of the lUeiCAt Cuasvli
oiietKixefOATAmuiAt.HoLVEXT, aad em tatl
rnevan jhualku, an wrapped in one
age. with trcutlsn end directions, and at
an druggist rersi.w. --. ,:,-,
Iettku Dnun
Chemical Oekmmsai
Bosten.
dl.lmW3Vir;
tKvauvlcT' tJufs:
1KNNMVL.VANIA It ATT.tmAnumt! &
XT In effect from Nev. 10, 18W. - - ?
"Trains iwiys iMMOAsrim aad leave, a4 tiM
iy v s-uiiaeeiuuia aa iuiiewn I -. ,r : ?-,. U
Leave
IWaWTWAKD.
Philadelphia.
racine Bxprtwt
Mews Ksurassrl
iiwn an,
MO a. HI.
4:80 a. m.
7410 a. m.
MaiTtralnvUMUeyt
N&aMallTralnt.....
Niagara Kxpres.,...
Hanover Acoem...,.
Kast I.lnet .m....m..
Frederick Aeeem.......
lAtucaster Aeoem.......
Via Oeiarttbla
aaesu sb.
via Oeiambla
Via Columbia
u:u a. m.
lirtft a. m.
MHWWT MWUhmu
vtaMLJey..
uarrisrjurg Acoem.
Columbia Aeoem.
kw p. ta,
4:0p.m.
fcMp. m.
KB p. ID,
Harrlsburg KxpresaJ
Western Kxpreast......
uaucaniur ncce.
liCAVe
Lancaster.
a.-aia. m.
C-tSa. m.
6:35 a. in
1:10 a. ra.
gASa. in.
SKUa. m.
11:35 a, m.
law p. in.
Sdep. in.
SKWp. m.
i:V p. in,
Sits p. m.
8:3(1 p. m.
KM p. m.
BABTWAHD.
Phi la, Kxprcuf.......
PastLlncf,
lncater Aeoe.,
Harrlsburg Kxprvm,
Ijinauter Acoem....,
Columbia Acoem.,..,
Allantle KxDressr...
4 a. I
40 a. i
SiSSav
UkSBa.1
Heashere Kxpress...
aw are samsj
l'ulladelnhln, Aecbm.
Hunduy Mall...... ...
Day Kxpreast.... ,
Harrlsburg Aeeem..
Hall Trelnt ,
Frederick Accem
fTha only trains which run daily. ' A,1
On Sunday the Mall train West runs by was
J. It. WOOD, aeneva, Passenger Agents
GUAJ&&1UUU. General jdeaaaw." "
-pUILADKIA'HIA READINOI
READING COLUMBIA DI VT8I0K.
On and after Hundav. Nev M. U
leave i.ancMiar tning street), aa HHlewsi - st.
. : ..... -r.. - i.i - -
ret neaains ana intermediate points, '
days, tee a, m 136, & p. m.; Bandar, I
m.,B&ep. m. 3- r.v,
Fer Philadelphia, weak days, 7:30 a. 1
4S d. m.: Hunaavs. JA n. m.
3:is p. m.; Butidays, We p. m
r or new tets: v
7 a. m., !!.,:
Fer New Yerk via Philadelphia, weak
a.m.,li.Tft,S:p.rn. , 'v..
Fer New Yerk via Allentown. sir
I4M. M '
Fer Allentown, week days, 7:30 a. 83., Ms"
i. 1 euuuajr, aan p. iu,
V(
br PetUvllle, week days, MO a. m.. Ml p, 1
Bnndar. S:66 d. m.
rer uioanen, weca aa,
.. . w -: :- .
7.-00 a. m., IMS, I
p. ill. 1 nuiuuT, oaje a. ill. ojje i. m. v
Fer lUrrtabiinr, week day, 7:00 a, m.,
x-u I. ni, nuiiuay, wu a. in.
Fer ttnarryvllle, week days, BIS a, s.
bmi p. ta. ; nunaay, e:iu p. m. -;. .
TKAINH FOtt LANCASTER. ;
Jve Heading, week days, 73 Utfa. wiM
1:tA 11. m. Hundav. 7:20 a. m.: 8:10 n. ta. i- i5u
Leave PhUadelpbU, week days, 4:14, lOMa
ra..4)ii.m. M - . "Ja
Leave New Yerk via dp.Hartclphl
: a. in.. ii. p. 111. iz la M'lune
Leave New erk via Allffutewn, week dajrs'
s:w a. in.. iju 11. in.
Leave Allentown, week days, &SB a.m.; t
p. in.
Leave PetUvllle, week days, t60 a, m..
p.m. w
ixwvD iuHiiifii, wwi usri, i;ij a. BO. SBBSJ
lave liurrlsburir. week du vs. S.2aa. m staaf
day, J a. m. j. M
imyv i(iuirijrviiie, wns uays, e:sv, sums a. asj
S.-W ; nunaay, 7:iu n. m. w
ATfVNTIO CITY DIVISION. r,fl
Leave Philadelphia. Chestnut street whssstt
aud Houth streut wharf. 'm
Fer Atlantle Lit v. week davs. iimia i
9O0 a. in. and tfO p. in.; AcemmoilaUeii,JS
ivt n. in. turn 1..A1 ! in.; nuiiuay. i!.aprBSSL::
tiXi a. m., Accommodation, 8:00 a. m., 4ttS
p. re. up
ll.lmln.luiu Sll.llM rHlw ..! . .
Atlantle and Arkansas Avenues, week daysv ;,
ExpreRS ":: a. in. and 4 p. m. Aoeosaw
mentatien, K.-Oj a. in. and t-M p. m. Hnndaya .
HvnMui. A n (n. Annivnnlallnn. V-Sa . tm
and 4-Xi n. in. i f .
Detailed time tabic can be obtained at tieksxy
A. A. MrLFXID, . O. O. HANCOCK. i
vieerres.aueni jikt, ueuirstviAfV".
Y KI1ANON A LANCSTElt JOINT'
XJ JtAiiawAw. ga
Arrangement of Passenger Trains en aad altst 1
BOMUAY, November 10, t&sS. ""I,
NOUTUWAUD. 1 BBBdaFl
ijeave a. it. r. m.
King Htreet, Lane. 7KX) 122S
iAiicaster..... 7.-07 VZM
Columbia-.... l-M
Manhelm -... 7 l.-JU
Cornwall 7:W 1:W
Arrive at
Lebanon Ml 1:58
BOUTHWAitD.
Leave a.m. r. v.
Lebanon 7:13 12:30
Ceriivruli .... 7.-W 113
Manhelm'.-., 7:M 1:16
Lanciister........ 827 l.'il
Arrive at
r-nlnniKlu .. 0:77 2-ftj
r. M.IA. M,
5iii8.-0
twajfcu
8.-01 8:44
fcSKfclT
& 0-Jt
F. K.lA. St. 1
7:161 TM
nx fcie
7-M 8.-40
MS S-.U
King Htreet, Lnuc. SMS MW .'.' fc
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