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ttttfc liAtfOASTEft 1)A1L INl?JLLIGEKOmt, SATUltDAY, AUGUST 24, 1880.
EIECDTIM W MSM.
aM.aasaaaat.sai.aa.
The Courage and Fiery Character
of the Mas Consider.
MM TAKINQ OFF WAS IN KM.
11m liwrt of the Fewer of Rebetpterra,
Ttv Basalty stVttwaea Hitu and Daatats.
Haw Did Rebespierre Gain HI FewarT
Banten't rearieas Bearlag en the ScatTntd.
r jmcma ttehri brewhe.
i .
tOeprrlfbt, 1899, by American Pres Association. 1
l VL
It It hard te understand, without a Reed
deal e( Investigation, why a man like Robes Rebes
pierre, of whoa antecedent and peculiar!
tie w bar spoken In the last article, should
bare gained se commanding a place, and se
preponderating en Influence during the first
French Revolution. Be bad net the tempera
ment or the character te rise te the top In
such an upheaval. lie was singularly dif
ferent from the ethor leaden, who were
noted for will and force, full of passion and
daring, of fiery hope and desperate enter
prises. What a contrast was he te his Imme
dlata associate Karat and Danton, Feu-quIer-Tinvllle,
Chaumette, 8t Just, Couthen,
Camilte DcMneullns any of the furious t evo
lutionists who rushed headlong ou their fatal
ROBESPIERRE'S HOLD ON THE PEO
PLE. Rebespierre seems te have had very little
pension of any sort lie felt through his
mind; be was deliberate, circumspect, criti
cal, and may for this reason have Inspired
confldene in his adherents. Although net
eloquent, he was logical nnd plausible, and
was eagerly listened te In the Commune, the
convention and the Jacobin club, and made a
deep Impression In spite of a weak volce.
Marat bad called him the Incorruptible, and
he was se as respects money, which had no
temptation for him. This trait, however,
was shared by nearly all the chiefs of the
period and Is an argument In favor of their
sincerity. But beyond this, he bad nene of
the qualities, persenal or mental, that com
monly belong te leaders. He was small In
stature, rather insignificant in appcarance,
by no means magnetic, his complexion sickly
pole, his manner nervous his oyea continu
ally blinked reserved even te shyness and
suggestive of suspicion.
Always extremely peer, his dress Has scru
pulously neat, and his bearing academic. 1 lis
demagogue was never denoted by his be
havior, and he is sold te have been a man te
exclte belief in his absolute honesty in any
company free from prejudice. They who
count him a conscientious patriot and there
are such maltnaln that he was a constitu
tional lever of peace and law; but that per
ceiving the Revolution must be purified by
the sacrifice of many lives and extrcme meas
ures, be did net hesltate te demand the sacri
fice ter the ultimate geed it would produce.
He was convinced that he knew better than
any of his contemporaries the proper course,
te pursue; that he alene could solidify the re
sults of the national Insurrection, and render
tbem permanently remunerative. Ha sent
men te the scaffold wholly for what ha
thought te be the public geed. As a man, be
pitied them; as a patriot, he considered their
execution a duty; and, therefore, shrank net
from it, however his feelings might recoil.
That he was very astute, nnd compre
hended the nature of tils own count rj men,
there Is hardly any doubt. It is marvelous that
he could have controlled the revolutionary
government for five of the most turbulent and
terrible years known te history w ltheut being
himself, in any true sense, a man of notion.
Ills intellect must have been extraordinary,
superior, se far as direction of the masses
went, te any of his contemporaries, Mirabeau
perhaps excepted. This view, difficult as it
Is te accept, extinguishes the long prev alent
opinion of the bloedthlrstincss, the pitiless
demagegism of him nhe has been charged
with aiming at and substantially reaching
tbe dictatorship of france.
His opposition te Danton, nhe shared hit
power, niui te Dan-
ten's adherents, in
cluding Cam I lie
Desmeullns, all i ep
resenting modera
tion and ndvocat ndvecat
ing clemency, is
generally attribut
ed te fear of them
as rivals, and de
termination te get
rid of them. One
reason of his disap
proval and distrust
of Danton U that
Danton n as hat Is
DtNTOI. termed au atheist,
as were the bulk of the Hebei lists, already
executed. Their substitution of reaseu for
the theoleglo deity had offended Robes Rebes
pierre, net probably because he hed any I o e o
ligieus scruples, but liocause he thought the
common peeple, w horn he w as nltv a) s court
ing, would l alienated by any system of
rationalism. He may hae been a kind of
thelst;but whether such or net, be evidently
esteemed It politic te assume te be. There
fore he used hit secret iullueuce, nearly con
trolling the couunlttee of public safety
against Danton and hit confederates, and hit
Influence wet fatal He is said nf terw ards te
have opposed their arrest. This inconsis
tency, his hesitation te take a decided course,
was characteristic of him, but he supported
by a speech In thoceuention St. Just's mo
tion for their aricst, which scaled their fata
CAREER OF DANTON.
Danton was perhaps the foremost figure of
the Revolution preiwr, the legitimate suc
cessor et Mirabeau, w horn In many respects
he resembled. He has lieen greatly traduced,
portrayed as an arrant demagegue, a ery
monster. Every leader during tint social
and jwlitical coin ulsien must, as has been
said, bate had hit Khare of demagegism.
Calm statesmanship was Impessible at such u
time, when tbe peeple were in the ascendant,
wild with fury, averse te, If net incapable of,
reflection. The leaders dealt w ith the ma
terial they had, and in a way te render It
serviceable in establishing the republic Din Din
ten bes of late years been rescued from much
of the odium cast upon him. A man of vio
lent passions, of extreme audacity, of remark
able resources, of exceptional self confidence,
ha was sure te go te great lengths for what
ever had mastered his Imagination and con
victions. Frem his early years he was an enthusiast
In behalf of f reodeui, detesting the very nauie
of prlnce or king. In e ery seue he was an
Bggressh e, uncompremUlug democrat, eager
te dare anything for the cause he bed been
born te espouse. Ne man of his age was bet
ter fitted by nature aud temperament for a
revolutionary career, aud circuautauces co
incided with and furthered his destiny. A
series of accidents In boyhood marred his per
sonal appearance, aud smallpox completed
bis disfigurement "Nature," he sold, "has
bestowed en me the massive flgure and the
harth expression of liberty."
The stories of his illiteracy are untrue.
He bad a fair clasde ednratien; w as a dill-
fent reader, especially of pure literature,
new many languages very unusual for a
Frenchman and wrote spirited verses. At
the commencement of the Ue olutlen he was
a lawyer in Paris, being then but S Mira
beau and he became acquainted, and the
former at ence discovered bis extraordinary
talents anil immense force. Se far from be
ing a savage, as he his Imen called, he had a
genius for (rlendhlp, n warm heart and win
ning manners, with a bitter prejudice against
rank mid inherited authority. mle ilira
bcau managed the constituent assembly and
the middle classes, Danton appealed te the
proletariat, and weu them entirely by his
sympathy, frankness and indeiiendence.
Chesen president of the Cordeliers, ha ruled
it at once by his fervid eloquence, his fierce
and fiery attacks en the aristocracy. Ha
looked like a tribune of the people, with bis
talL brawny form, his stern, strong, fearless
fare, bis black, frowning brews. His elce
was se deep, loud, penetrating that It could
be distinctly heard throughout the largest
gathering, winch was of immense advantage
te him in the epular anembhes in command
ing attention and gaining influence.
After the flight of the king, Danton be
come a great political potter. He was large
ly instrumental In Inducing the convocation
(July 17, 17JI) in the Champ da Mars te sign
a petition for the depehal of Leuis. Unlike
(noatef U associate, ha nrrnmrJlinad JUs
411
mmKdW
result by speech, Bet by wrltM 751 !
tradition Is that be could meld the IMMM M
haekeaa. Bests a is charged wis criaae
ret which h wa met guilty. IkV
tenter maaascre ar axaspMa, m w
egrapher deny hi cewpBcity, waartiag
that the mob committed them, btiag la their
fury beyond control. Wbe can tU, p
daily at this late day, the rpeslbUlty of
many et the Iniquities of that eral When
the Prussians had Invaded Franc, and taken
Verdun, Danton mounted the tribune and
delivered te the legislative assembly notably
tb most etTectlve speech of the Revolution,
closing wit the famous word, "Te over ever
corn the enemy, te destroy him, what de we
needt Audacity, still audacity, audacity
always."
He was bent en the execution of the king,
considering it essential as a revolutionary
measure. One et his friends having entered
Inte an argument te show that the conven
tion could net legally try Leuis, be respond
ed t "Yeu may be right; but we can kill him,
and we will" an illustration et hi desper
aeo decision, ne Instituted, March 10, 17iO,
the extraordinary criminal tribunal, privi
leged te make whatever arrest It jjjeased,
and from whose decisions there wasTne ap
peal This was dene in excess of patriotism,
under conviction that the success of the Rev
olution demanded It Most et the proceed
ings lie urged se tealeusly wero te this end,
for which he was violent, thereby gaining a
reputation fercruelty he did net merit. Marat,
his colleague, constitutionally suspicious, of
ten suspected him, and drove htm te lengths
he would net otherwise, have gene. He con
tributed te the overthrew et tbe Girendists,
but would gladly have saved them, had It
been In his power. Afterward he believed
In moderation (the guillotine was repugnant
te him), which deprived him of the support
et the Mountain, the ultra party of the
Jacobins, who concentrated en Rebespierre.
Instances of a policy mere and mere numane
lessened his Influence among the radicals and
raised Rebespierre te supremacy. a
In Janutry, 1 .TO, he was conscious of an
approaching crisis, and that his enemies were
trying te destroy him. It was evident that
the dictator, as he was styled, had become
Inimical, and was conspiring against him.
Ne two men could have been mera different;
Rebespierre, cold, crafty, furtive, resolute,
lgllant, deadly; Danton, het, open, Impetu
ous, confident, daring, defiant An attempt
was made te reconclle the two; but they were
Irreconcilable. Robespterro fears Danton,
wbe despises him. Te the giant the Revolu
tion has grown an Imposture, a most tragic,
bloody lmposture, and he affects reality alone.
Te the pigmy It premises autocracy, pew cr
unquestioned; hence it shall still riot in
butchery.
Danton was a fiery lever as well as hater.
He had married, at 27, Uabrlelle Charpentler,
daughter of a prewpe-eus superintendent of
farms. They loved one another de etedly,
net at all as the French, when wedded, are
commonly supposed te feel toward one an
other. Bhe was, In contrast te him, a sound
Catholic their attraction may have lain in
opposites; but be was a here te her befere be
had wen recognition. He often said that she
was hit discoverer. Whlle be was en a mis
sion te Belgium she died, leaving two chil
dren. It was a crushing blew te him; and
returning te Paris, he ordered her grave te
be opened that be might see and embrace
again the w einan he had adored. Oabrlelle
hed selected for him Inilse Qely, a fair girl, In
hope of weaning him from the Revolution,
te be a mother te her children, pious like her
self, audet a reallst family. Bome months
later he wedded her, still mourning his great
less, and went through, for her sake, with the
religious ceremony which he regarded at ab
surd. Danton's friends were greatly alarmed tow
ard the last They urged him te fly, his wlfe
joining them In entreaty. "Where shall I
go!" be said. "If free France expel me, ether
lands will have only dungeons for me. And
ene does uet carry his country en the soles
of bis shoes." Uven the arrest et his inti
mate, Hcrault d'Eschelles, also en the com
mittee of public safety, moved hint net The
busy ax distressed him; he seemed te be In
an apathy of horror. "I would rather be
guillotined than guillotine. But they dare
net touch me. I am the arch that sustains
the eutlre structure. They knew that its fall
will crush them." He was ever confident;
his was the courage of rashness. The night
et March SO, 17V4, he was arrested, with Ca Ca
mllle Desmeulius and ethers; arrest, of
coune, meaning death. Ne ene knew this
better than Danton; no ene could leek mera
calmly at the end, though he had much te
llve for. He was young but 31 gifted, a
husband and a father, with a host et friends,
the ossurance of fame and a beloved repub
lic which he mero than any ether man had
creaUd.
HIS LAST HOURS.
At the spurious trial he bears htiwelf
crandlv befere the very taibunal he had es
tablished tw eh a months befere. Ter hU act he
publicly begs pardai of Oed and man, his ob eb
t having been, as bewild, te pi ou nt iiiietlur
September missacre and the unlceilng of n
icourge iinii ininkiiid. "lln-se Cuint knew
absolutely nothing nbeiil get eminent or gov
erning. 1 hat oem i) thing in f i Ightful dis
order." Feuquler-TInt ille asks, acceuliiig te form,
uUuamemid place of abode. The resiionse
Is, "ily uame Is Danton, tolerably well knew u
In the Revolution. My nbode will seen be in
Annihilation; but my name will llve in the
Pantheon e( history." Hoshewsllkoonangry
lien befere Us accusers; he shakes his manej
his eyes flash w ith indignation and deflance.
He demands that tbe members of the com
mittee appear at wltuesses, if they dare; he
will cover them with shame. "1 will oxpeso
the three shallow scoundrels, Lchas, Couthen,
Bt Just, who fawn en Rebespierre nnd had
him te his deem. I will plunge thorn Inte
the empty abyss out of which they should
never hae arisen."
The president rings his liell te enferce order
and Insists en It loudly. "What Is It te you,"
exclaims the giant, "hew I defend myself I
The right of hentence it yours; I ile net Inter
fere with It Thoelcoof a man speaking
for his honor nnd his life may well drown the
jingling of your bell." Ha cannot be sup
pressed; thogullerles murmur forebodingly.
If he had been permltteu te aeienu nimM.i
at length the commons might have insisted
en his i elcase, might hae overthrown the
triumvirate then, as they did, through their
repreocntatlves, n few months later.
Danton Is the foremost orator its he Is the
Titouet the Ret olutlen. Ills arrest creates
profound excitement and the greatest alarm,
lien whispered te one another with white
lips, "Danton has leen arrested." They had
beceme accustomed te nearly every sort of
injustice nnd outrage, but that Danton, the
embodiment of the spirit of the Revolution,
theuld lie seized by the Rebesplerreans It a
eurprlse ami a shock te all Paris. The city
and the country are obviously in their piteous
clutches.
Danton and his friends undergo the pro pre
tenso of trial thi oe da) s. If he had had uny
chance for lilt llfe, howeulJ have deprived
hlmvlf of It by bis aggressive, disdain
ful manner. He )ours out his scorn and
detestation of theso wbe have arraigned
him. They fear him all the mero that he has
no fear of them, only contempt for the worst
they can da They assume te karti of a plot
ter the rescue et the prisoners aud the ev er er
threw et the republic, and this assumption
hastens the vengeance et the tribunal.
Btreng as they are, Danton living Is an In
cessant menace, nnd they huiigfr for his
bleed. When he hears the sentence, be ox ex
claims: "We fall victims te Infamous pol
troons; but they will net long enjoy their
triumph. Robesplerre will fellow me, I
alene could have saved him. I diag blm
after rael"
On the way from the Luxembourg prison
te the place of execution (April 5, lTVI), be
has the air of a conqueror Te the fickle,
treacherous, savage mob which surges about
the tumbril w ith scefllng and insult, he shetrs
only calm contempt He advises Desmeullns,
by bit side, who appeils te them convulsive
ly, te pay no attention te tha Vila rabble.
At thought of his eung wlfe he loses self
possession for a moment, shedding a few
ttars. "Ne weakness, Danton," he solilo
quizes; "be )our&elf,"und recev ers hU ttelc
Um. At the feet of the rcalTeld Ills precious
friend, IK'rault d'Ijtbellt, leans forward te
embrace him, but the mk utieuer Interferes.
"VrnatstuptiMyl exclaims Dauteu. "Yeu
cannot prevent our heads from kissing in the
basket" As he place himself under the ax
he says te tha executioner "hhew my head
te the people, it will be north their seeing I"
And then the magic v olce w hlch for threw
years had guided the dtlnlcs of distracted
France was forever bushed.
HOBCBT. TO A CLOSE.
Events Marking the Termlnatlw
of (he Reign of Term.
THE FRENCH RETOLUTIOS IN 1701.
Camilla Dasmsalla aatd Bis Deads The
Terrer at lis Aetae Ochlecratle Hor
rors Doesa at tli Dictator DecapHa DecapHa
tlea of Rebespierre Described.
By JUMUa HENRI BBOWHE. ,
Copyright, 1SS9, by American rrcss Association 1
X
Danton had rightly complained of being
put en trial with swtndlersand stock jobbers,
alluding te Chabet and Junius Frey, an Aus
trian banker, charged with defrauding the
.government. Men of different nationalities
politics ana anegeii crimes were uraggeu w
death with him, making a batch (feurnee), as
was common during the Terrer. Tbe gutllo gutlle gutllo
tine was se taxed with slaughter that thcre
was no leisure te discriminate. Net half the
sufferers were adherents et Danton; but
among these the most conspicuous was
Camilla Desmeullns, who, as we bn e seen,
was the first te Incite attack en tbe Hostile,
A lawyer, he net er practiced, having a bias
In favor et literature. Possessed of genius,
he would in another
era have gained
fame as poet or
novelist But, an
Ideal democrat, full
of aspirations for
freedom, he became
a pamphleteer In
1789, Issuing "Phil
osophy for the
French People" and
"Freo France,"
which brought him
te the front His
newspaper, The
Revolutions of
France and Bra
BT. JUST.
bant, exercised wide Influence by its vigor
and beauty of style comblned with trenchaut
wit Danton was his besom friend; he ad
mired him extremely; they were politically
connected from the formation or the uonlo uenlo uonle
Her club, and fittingly died together. 'When
be was ap;elnted minister of Justice Camllle
was made secretary, and they were both
chosen te the national convention. He ren
dered the Girendists ridiculous by his "His
tory of the Brlssetins," but was satisfied with
their fall, and tried hard, though in vain, te
save them. He nnd his friends labored,
January, 1791, te induce the convention te
adept milder measures, and he advocated con
ciliation In his journal, Le Vleux Cordelier.
Having denounced tbe system et proscrip prescrip
tion, he favored clemency, being anxious te
liberate) the crowd of suspects from prison,
which caused him te be accused by the Ja
cobins. Robespterro defended him as a w ay
ward child of genius who need net be harmed,
but Insisted that his publications should be
burned. "Te burn Is net te answer," de
clared tb Impetuous journalist, and thus In
curred the permanent ill will et the dictator.
In reply te the question of his age, at the
trial, he said: "Thlrty-three, the age of the
sans-culotte Jesus, the fatal age for revolu
tionists." He was condemned, as usual, with
out a hearing.
On his way te the gulUotlne he struggles
with his bends and recalls his services te the
fiendish populace "Beheld tbe reward of
the first apostle et the Revolution I De you
kill your liberators, your preservers! I am
Camllle Desmeullns!" They morely jlbe at
him. They would have dene thosamehad
he been Jesus. The Parisian mob in 1hoe
days were Incarnate devils. He seen regained
composure and died bravely, holding in bit
hand a lock of hair of bis charming wlfe Lu
clla. They ndore ene another it seems that mat
rimonial love Is posslble even In France and
she make every effort te save him, writing
the most touching letters te Rebespierre, who
bad joined their bands and bad been bis fel
low student. They elicit no reply. As a last
resort she tries te exclte a riot In his behalf,
and Is executed a few days later,
Bhe said she longed for death, and w ent te
it with alacrity. Bhe was a neble woman In
every sense. The correspendenca between
her and her husband is still preserved aud
ctlll read with copious tears.
HEIGHT OF THE TERROR.
The threo months nnd three weeks follow
ing Danton's end were the worst part of the
Terrer, which ended with Robeipierre's over over
theow. Frem the beginning of March te the
clese of July, 1701, the guillotine was steadily
employed, nnd the awful responsibility rests
almost wholly en Rebespierre. He continu
ally declared the republic in Imminent peril,
and that it could only be preserved by In
creasing the number of victims. A new tri
bunal was ergaulzcd, and any sort of accusa
tion, without the slightest evidence, w as suf
ficient te insure the death et the accused.
St Just and Couthen new formed with
Rebespierre a new triumvirate the old ene
had been composed et Marat, Danton and
Rebesplerra and the convention yielded te
all its demands. It had even conceded te tha
tribunal the right te summeu before It, with
out question, tbe deputies themselves. Robes Rebes Robes
plerre had Introduced what he called the w or er
shlp of the Supreme Being, marking It by au
ostentatious festival, which scorned especially
designed for bis own glorification. The three
talked glibly of the attempt et their enemies
te efface the Idea of the deity, as If they alene
allowed him te exist This is an ancient cus
tom of men who claim te be particularly
pious; they think te preve their faith In nnd
leve of Ged by patreulzlng lilm superlative
ly, and proclaiming what they have dene In
bis behalf. Leuis XIV Is reported te hat a
complained, upon the mortifying defeat et
his forces at Ilamilllcs, of tbe ingratltude of
the Almighty, after tbe many favors he had
received from the pompous king.
At this tlme began the whelesale slaugh
ters of tha fees et the republic As many us
sixty, set enty,ev en
eighty persons were
beheaded dally in
Paris, and often
persons of most
different politics.
Royalists, modir medir
a t e republicans,
extremists, social
ists, were condemn
ed in batches (par
fouraces). There
was such a rage for
massacre, a n d se
tallies. littlouttentlenpald
te guilt or tnnocenco that, in various cases,
jailers marked with chalk the doers et the
cells of these condemned te die In the morn
ing. The doers were marked when they w era
opened, en the Inside, and being shut at
night, the marks would net be vislble; and
thus ether unfortunates would be taken te
the scatfehl Lu order te complete the requi
site number.
Legal murder had grown te be a mere mat
ter of routine, depending ou the tase and In
telligence of tha custodians of tha prisoners.
Can an) thin,; mere sheckiugly Illustrate the
savagery of the peri ll In Paris alene at
uitny utkeventeen huulred aie said by au
thority te Inte txvsn gulllotiued In two
months. Tha men and women who fed tha
insatiable miw of the Revolution, la all
wa)t, throughout france have never been
reckoned, au 1 never can be. Apart from )ie
ar, many were killed In civil war, were shot
and drowned by order. In the south of
I'rancu, se thit iil.OOU would net, prosumi presumi
bly, le tee large nil estimate At k ast 0,000
mut have (perished en tha scaffold, and many
of these were e prominent, se illustrious as
te make tha numlwr appear much larger.
It added teufell te tba horror that tha
common people of both sexes would fellow
the cart carrying the condemned te tha scaf
fold, shouting at defaming and insulting
them with all tha volubility an 1 vehemence
of tha French jpulace. The U-tter known,
tha mero dUtiuguiihud the victim, the fouler
tbe abu-a. Peer Marie Antoinette could
hardly hi driven through the crowd that
yelled Itself hears.) In her denunciation. Blie
would have been tern te pieces but for the
guards. Se it was with hundreds of ethers.
The mob was always fiendish and would have
murdered the unfortunates themselves could
they have had their will, Ixdlevlng every one
of the condemned te be a malignant aristo
crat who had robbed, persecuted aud abused
them in every possible manner. Te read tha
account of these dan fills lis mind arlth a.
ys y07 1
gulth. They Mm unreal, tha creation et
morbid and gloomy isaaftnkc. Oeeld hu'
maaity aver bar bean sodiabeaoalf Ttx
wildest anarchy raged; ad wrcoateat wrceateat
ly falling; every educated man and woman
walked under the shadow et death. Paris
and tbe ether large cltle et Franc appeared
te be rerttable belt. In which the proletariat
played the part et demons and oatdemenod
the domeni of an Invisible and Ideal world.
This lutermlnable slaughter, this hideout
despotism, for which Rebespierre was bald
accountable, tcrrlfled bsyoed endurance the
Parisians, wonted a they war te terror.
Their instinct of self preservation demanded
a change, any change being regarded as a re
lief. Every en felt tee much afraid et
Uobeeplerrb te venture a suggestion for bis
depesal, and yet the whole city would have
rejoiced at It Buch was the condition et the
community that each man distrusted his
notghber. Te Incur the slightest suspicion
was te be lest Poeplo hid themselves at
nlcht. dreadlns te sleep at home, lest they
should be awakened by a summons from the
tribunal the certain harbinger et death.
DOWfi WITH THE TYRANT.
Danton's words te Rebespierre, "I drag.
him alter me," were wmgcu who prepnecy.
Frem the moment that Danton fell, even these
nearest te the dictator felt that they might
fellow lilm nt any hour. Their feelings were
entlnly vindicated. Week after week the
guillotine was pressed te de the bloody work
required of It Would there be any end et
the slaughter! Would It net go en until
France had been depopulated t were the ques-
RenEsriKimK wounded.
(Ions that peeple asked themselves. St Just
nnd Couthen seconded In everything their
chief, whose bloedthlrstincss appeared un
quenched and unquenchable. Net only Paris,
but the whole country, had visibly begun te
react against the agonizing mouths and sea
sons et miscellaneous massacre,
TnlUcn, though be had Ixwn ene of the ut
traists, perceived that Robcsplcrre bad lest
confidence in htm: that his head sat uneasily
en his shoulders. The causa was, If causa
wero needed, that In his mission te Berdeaux
In the nutumn of 1703, for the purpose of
rooting out all trace of the Girendists, ha
had, after redundant cruelty, grown sudden
ly huinane. This Is explained by his falling
jvlolently In leve with a beautiful woman,
still In her toens, lime, de r entenay, uaugu
ter et Count Cabarrus, minister et finance in
Spain. Bern In Saragossa, but a resident et
Berdeaux she had been divorced from hoi
husband, member of the parliament there
she sympathized with the Ilovelutlon.
Rut the Trench republle, having take
offense at her conduct, had thrown her Inte
prison, where Tal
lica finding her, re
leased nnd tnarrled
her. Going te Fa
rls, her beauty wai
greatly admired
her home became t
center for the med
orate republicans,
and, later, et th
most brilliant se
clety et the capl
tnL She natural!
dreaded and hated
Rebespierre, and,
knowing her bus-
hue. tallies. band' feeling,
stimulated It constantly. She may be said,
In Joed, te have been ene et the principal con
splrnters against the three, never permitting
Tall len's ceurage or energy te flag. He saw
that the tlme was ripe toslrllte the blew.
Robcsplcrre, who bad reason te belleve him
Insincere and Immoral, publicly denounced
him In June, and was instrumental In expel
ling him from the Jacobin club. Tallica,
understanding Ids mortal peril, united thi
UiibertUK Dantenlsts, nil tbe factlentsts hes-
tlla te the Terrer, nud brought about Itt ter
mination. But te his wife mero than te him
It due the glory et the bsue. It Is signal!)
fitting that a woman should have checked
the flew et the best bleed of the nation.
ltesUtance te the sanguinary tyrant, at ha
was stvled. nrose ev en anions tha moinbera
of the commlttee et publle safety. Wbeu he
demanded Its reorganization the national con-
viutleu had. for the first tlme, the hardihood
te refuse, which was his deem, slnce his In In
uumerable enemies were at ence areused
thercby. He had been anxious toexpel from
the convention these whom he considered
traitors and criminals, aud its members were
ularmed for their own safety. Unable te
control the committees, he withdrew, aud
tried secretly te defeat them. During tli
last tow weeks of his Ufa he was almost a lay
figure lu the government He appeared lu
the convention July 20 and Ix-gan te read an
elaborate, crafty sjieech in which appeals te
conciliation were mliigled with bitter accusa
tions. He wet Interrupted bya tumult Ull
lau.i-Varenne accused him of (reason, and
abused bim v lelently. Tallicn drew a dagger
and swere he would thrust it Inte hit own
breast if thit Cromwell should triumph. Ilia
deadly duel hail begun. It was no longer a
question of agreement betw ecn the contend
ing parties, but et extermination of oue or
the ether.
Rolietlilerre mounts (he tribune; but hi;
feet, who had lucu working uuder greuud.
Suddenly rear out, "Dew u w ltd the t) runtl"
iiid rcjieat the cry whenever he opens Ids
neuth. He IssluiiellcL He has net dreamed
let se great a revolt umeng men who, two
Idays before, teeined te be at his feet He Is
attacked en every sua; even the unalloyed
Mountaineers deserting lilm In hit Ulreiui
noeiL Finally, he addresses himself te the
moderate republicans, calling them "Pure
men," in contradistinction te "these brigands
)ender," but they, tee, are obdurate and de
nunciatory. Beside himself with rage, be
screams at the top of Ids volce te Collet
il'IIcrbeU, who presides, 'Ter the last tlme,
president of atsatsins, I demand the right te
speak," but he can say no mero.
IWBESI'lKr.r.E O-S THE EOAFFOLD.
OarnlTilal Aulie Ian Is out, "The bleed et
Danton chokes jeut"
And all around, tha Urrlhle clamors,
"Down with the tjraiitl"
Heme ene ) elU, "1 he accusation I"
The whole attemhry ri-es, nud glowers at
him. Raslstauce ii futile. Despair sttlen
dew n en hluu Ills hour li.it struck.
He, w ith Kt Jat unil Couthen, Is ilragged
off te the prison cf l.uximbeurg
The Cemmuiia erganl7it mi Insurrection;
rescues him, conducts him te Iho Hetel da
Vllle, where he refimn ui sl,;n au appeal te
arms; but his (arty m ts w ithnut him. Tha
convention, leurniug of the leltllieu, outlaws
the accused nud tha memliertcf the Com
mune. Hanriet, cemuiaudcr of the armed
force, joint tha Itobe-plerieam aud prejuires
te resist the troops of the contention. Tbe
Hotelde VUle U besieged. In tbe nlgjit (tbe
aD ffjfefc
fsWflraf s!SiiRffli
Tr21 ''JillKaCJgfJA KKW
s?
aqenry tsr taa secaen et ran baring gene
ever te them) and gain an easy victory. The
dictator, seeing that all 1 lest, aboet htm
elf, net through the bead, a Intended, only
breaking hi lower jaw.
At 4 et the afternoon all Paris U as
cited, watching the tumbrils as they mera te
the Place de la Revolution ; the guard point
ing out the one la which the dictator lies, bl
jaw bound up, hk eye closed, mere dead
than alive. Hi ayes open occasionally,
showing Intelligence and mortal terror, lia
1 Insulted asthe cart gee by; a wild, hag
gard woman leap en tb wheel, and TMuntt
"Ge down te hU with tb curses of all wire
and mother ringing In your ears, drowning
the last whisper of hepel" The executioner
snatches oft the rag front the jaw. Robes Rebes
pierre see tbe gleaming ax, and utter au
unearthly groan, hideous te bear, never te be
forgotten. In another moment Rebespierre's
head falls. Paris draws a leqg breath. The
nation wakes from ltshldoeut nightmare.
The Reign of Terrer It at an end.
FRED H. CARROLL.
Ha It a Catcher and likewise a Heavy
Hatter of the I'ltUburs Ctutw,
A picture of Fred 1L Carrell, ene of the
catchers as well as one et the heavy batter
of the Pittsburg club, Is here given from The
New Yerk Clipper. He was born July 9,
lb(U, lu Sacramento, Cal., welghs about 05
pounds, and Is 5 feet 11 inches in height Ills
baseball career began as an amateur with
clubs of hit native city and Ban Francisce.
Ills first professional engagement was In lSSft,
with the Reading (Pa) club, of the Interstate
association, when he caught for Merris, the
noted left handed pitcher. He gained quite
a reputation that j car, both as a, batter and
fielder.
At the end of the season be acd Meri Is re
turned te the Pa Pa
clfie (lope, nnd
while out there
they received quite
a flat tci Ing offer
from the Columbus
Club, et the Amer
ican , Association,
which they ncoept nceept
ed, and joined that
team early In ISSi.
It was mainly due
te the fiue work of
Carrell and Merris,
In Uielr rcsective
positions, that Ce-
llttillill (ltitaliiiit
second In the race rn,D- " """
for the championship of the American as
sociation. Carrell caught In fifty four chain chain
Jitenshlp games And had a percentage et .013.
te also played twelre games In the outfield
that season. When the famous deal was
made by Heraco Phillips In the winter of
16St-C, wjicreby the Columbus player wero
transferred te Pittsburg, Carrell was also In
cluded. He and Merris w cre again paired off
togelbor, and they did effectlve work for
their club during the season et 1SS Carrell
caught In si- y-ene championship games and
bad an avcrnge et ,015k
During the Bensen of 1SSC Carrell caught In
aventy-one games, played first base In twen
ty -Dve games nnd lu the outfield In twenty
six games for the Pittsburg club, and ranked
ninth in the official batting nverage of the
American association. In 18b0 the Pittsburg
club left the American association and
joined the National league, where It has
kiuce remained, Carrell continuing with Its
team. During the season et 16i7 Carrell
made a fiue record at a Imtsman, being tied
for tenth place In the elllclal avcrages of tha
National lengue. He caught lu thlrty-nlne
games, played first bone In seventeen aud in
tbe outfield in forty-four championship
garnet.
Inagame Imtwoen the Pittsburg and Do De Do
Ireit teams, May S, 1SS7, In Pittsburg, Car Car
eol! batted Baldwin safely four timet In suc
cession, hishlts Including the curious scqiienca
et a thigle, a deuble, n trlple ami a home run
In the order named. He full off somewhat lu
batting last season, but had nnexcollentaver nnexcellentaver nnexcollentaver
ge In the fifty three games lu which he acted
as catcher, nnd in the thirty-eight games lu
which he played In the out Held. This season
ha has been batting better than ever, and his
bard hitting has gained him a high rauk lu
the averages of the National league, and
makes hliuu valuable member of the Pitts
burg team.
riioTeanpneD,
Fllegende Blaetter.
The Queen's Prlre Wlunsr,
Bergt Reld, who recently wen the "blue
rihlion"ef the rllle ranges for tl.alast time
en Wlmblclen common, England, Is a sUt!y
D)Mlsonef Bcetland. His calling U that of
a telegraph clerk at Glasgow.
Bergt Held txiengt te the First Lanark
(Knginecrs) 11 Ille
velunUrs. Ha has
wonseveral prizes,
among them the
geld medal of the
National Rifle asso
ciation, the geld
badge of the cham
pionship of the
United Kingdom
for l&'J, and the
queen's prlze of
JC2SU. The compe
tition wa very
clese between the
trrgeant and Ma J.
Pearse, of tbe
Fourth Dev en Rlflti
HcnaT. uriD.
volunteers, tha geld medalist of 1875. Thi
major's total score w us tee, Including 48 at
the 600 yards range.
Bergt Rcld's tcore was at follews: 67 et
the lint stage, 110 at the second stage, 42 at
the 600 yards range, and 4 1 tt the 000 yards
range, amounting te a total of 2i. At tba
HX) yards range he made two bull's ayes.
The Yuengest College Prefi'.mr.
"A. II.," of Iloepcstoii, Ills., writes
"lit Tli Morning Neus cf July lid juu
tsny: 'The? jeuuge-it collego professor oc ec
cupjlng uu iiiiKirtunt clrur in an Amur
lean bclioel is tuid te be V. N. IloceoL,
who it uetv in liia "SAU tear and li.is just
lecti elect oil te the chair of (J reek and
Latin in tlie Univ entity of (k-ergi.i.'
I'ltase correct in er tlie follewing:
Miss Lilian A. llenyvvell, A. 11., whose
parents resiJe at thin place, it new '.'3,
and lias just closed her third ) car ns
professor of mathematics in Ileddlug
cellege, In Knox county, this Btate, hav
ing entered her professorship at the nge
age of 22 and a woman at that," Chi
cago News,
1 3
-tsssssssTW. " (TV
aBsssssssBLsssssW .aVaTsVFI
Tim Fisherman l'!iutiKTA,liir.
Tnr nsit ins caueut.
sap tiZ-VikriytAv""
BAIT
CASTING
Seme Directions for the Guid
ance of Enthusiast!: Anglers.
MOW TO RIQ 111 TUE TACKLE.
Hew te rut the Halt en the Il.xik aud
Hew te Handle tt After Ttils Has lleeft
Dene Cuts That Fully Illustrate the
Test.
A correspondent recently asked The Amer
ican Angler aud Heek and Llnet "Will you
A X.
B
niAxinAU.
net publish something in regard te kilt cast
ing, the tnckla te Use, etc I And w hat tackle
was used nnd the manner et castlug at the
lata New Yerk tournament I"
The reply Is given beret The tackle used
In "minnow costing for black bast" at Ihu
last tourunihent was ns fellows! Red, eight
te nlne fttt long, ntieut right ounces In
weight; reel, n tree running multiplier; line
et braided silk, lzu 11; sinker, ene-halt
ounce The method gem rally fellow ed w as
that described by Dr. Ikushall, which we
glve lu fultt
lu rigging the cast for the minnow, the reel
must be placed tmdei neatli the red, en n line
with the guides. The linoisrevo through
the guides nud a box swivel tie I en the end;
te the ether end et the swlv oils looped the
snell of thflhoek. The book Is then patl
through (he lower Up of n geed sited min min min
nowfeom three te four Inches long-Hind
out nt the netrlI; or It the minnow It small
er, out at the socket of the oye. If the min
now Is carefully hooked, it will lit en com
paratively long tlme. If a sinker Ihj required
in addition te thestvlvil, It should be placed
a feet alove It
Newrixlup the line until the sinker, or
swlvil, ns the ense may l Is at the tip et the
red, nud we are ready te make n cast, which
I will new endeavor te explain with the aid
of the annmed diagram and cutst
In the diagram, A ri presents the angler; we
arc looking down iqieu him from uhove.te
that only his hat and red nre visible. Hels
no. 2 cjvktine te i xrr.
facing II. 'f lie angler new w Wich te mnke a
rasttothe left, X being Iho objective jwlnt
te which he desire te cast the minnow, some
twenty ) ards distant
He grasps the red Immediately below the
roil with tha right hand, with the thumb
testing lightly but firmly upon the spool, te
control theiendeilng of the Una; the right
arm It extended dewuwurd, slightly lent,
with the elbow near the body, and w Ith the
extreme butt of the red ueui ly touching the
ria. 3 OASTiva te nienr.
right hip; the thumb aud reel are upward,
Inclining slightly toward the left; the tip of
the red, or rather the minnow, just chart tha
ground or surface of Iho water; the position,
et the red Is new In the direction et the line
A C, Inclining toward the ground or water,
making an angle of about thirty degrees with
the line of the theulder X 'A (the Inclination
of the red Is shown fully In Fig. 1). This It
the situation at the beginning of the cast
'
no. 1 castise te ucrr.
New for tha cast The angler tunu bl
tmu toward X, the ebjectlvu eliit, without
turning hit body; be new Incline lilt body
In the diiectleu of C, advancing the right
feet and Iwudlng the right knee slightly, and
making a swei ping cast from right te left,
and from below upuard, ccress the body
diagonally, until the red hand lu at tha
height of tha Uft kheuldir, and the arm nnd
red extended In the ilirectlcu of A D, witli
the tip of tbured Inclining upward, ut show u
In Fig. a
The movement of the right hand It almost
In a straight line fiem u point near the light
hip te a joint mar the left shoulder; the mo
tion In casting Is steady, increasing in swift
ness toward the end of the cast, and ending
with the "pitching" of the bait luvteal of u
v ieleut Jerk.
In making the cast the right tlbew should
touch the body, sweeping ucrest it, ami only
leuve It at the end of the cast, making tha
forearm de tha work At the end et the cast
the reel aud thumb ure upward, and the roil
forms an ungle of thirty degree with the
Una of tha shoulders X Z, nud tha minnow,
iiuteudef following tha direction of thoied
A D, ns soma might kupiose, will, from the
light curve described by the red during tha
cast, dlv ergo toil ard the left and diepat X,
when the thumb should iiiiiuedlutcl) step the
reel by uu Increased prensure.
Casting te the right It just the rev erse of
thu above prxvedlug. Tha angler being in
the same sltlen. brlnsrs the risbt hand
across, and touching tha tedy, ten point lu
freut of tha left hip, the thumb and reel up
ward but Inclining toward the body, nnd tha
red extending In the direction of tba line
A D. with the tin downward !" I"
t tsk
w sMn
Alx'L
i"f VS--'
v- , v v. X
. - -ja '
stsSfftssaaBiiL VV
iaaiiVJtsMQ
ta s n av " yKiS9B)
w jw m r v.ft
?J
. r v
if n $
If I I -"V
M :Wtr
rm. 4 TAirrme Tfi.wnrr ' .i
.,,. t ,i,t iv t nrna in fiii-A In Ina ilirertlnn If '
., .'l. ' ,.l.l.l. .l..f V Inellnaa lit. InW '''t
IM II1U UIIJlllD IV.ltiV U, IHVIUM nnAJ
and advances his left feet in the direction of .&
I). and makes a cast from left te right, frost
Mew upward, nntl ends the cast with the V zijyj
right arm nnd red fully extended Ip the dl .
rcUleu or tne line a v, as snewn in rig. t,
whlle the minnow taken its flight toward 55.
This Is a back-handed cast, and bt omo emo ome
w hat analogous te the pitching of a queit
In making either cast the body should
sway slightly and simultaneously with the
roil arm In the direction et the cast, te add
force and steadlness ; but en no account must
the cast be made by "main strength," for It
....-.. .I. I.... 1lt.fr .miamilftp ATArtlnn trt nftsS -.1
ltiUIIV9 uuv riiitw ...w...w.. -... ..w - - fMsT'
forty nnls; and en no account must the red -
1m carried further tewanl the line X Z than ujfc'
an angle et thirty uegrees, ovnerwise tee uais-
will be thrown behind the angler. Partlcu- k,1
lar care must lw taken te glve the bait an up-
ward Impulse ns It leaves the red. &f
At the lieglmillig of the cast the thumb Rft
presses iinttiyupen tue spoeioi sue row, uiuu j-..
just liofero the tip et the red gains It great-.g
ust extent or elovntleu, wheu the pressure I '
te lw slightly relieved, se as te irmlt the re- 2g-
lenuinf the line nnd allow the minnow te b, of-
projected In the direction of the cast. fy
The entire cast must be made se steadily -,
..I ui nvTiiUfli' ntnl tins i-nd held an flnnlsf i?
".' -' -J, - VA
ntlhttruil or Ilia cn as te prevens eminjijj v-
any uiidue swn) Ing or lieudliig of the red, tnjS" iij
order that the line may fellow the direction nhjf-
of the minnow in Itt flight, unretarded hjfuV
nny vibratory motions of the red. TsklaS i
the most rsscntiil, and, nt the aame tlme,
most difficult feature or portion ei tu
te explain or acquire.
A llanilMiine lacht
liVnm Hia rrriknt nrnrtf Henn In hflrnM
I. Anl.An.inw ...lit f .!! nil a ttnn If ,tn SjA '"" ..
npjvnr Hint i-H'WKiifr iurBiTa iinuu uam iwi giM
.. . il.A 1 t a. . tj. - iaJ fcAA uAklr .
sin vuiii ' "-- ..- -.j...-, ... ... 'tij-sj
Morgan, muI In tlie recent cruiw of the KW
55"
THE COMHTXLLATtO. , "
Yet k Yacht club she showed evidence of Mr
pcl by capturing the nrst price in in rtm t
from New lxmden te Newport. That aha 4U -net
capture the Qeelet cup wa probably eW
te ns accident caused ny uer leresau npusm.
Th-re ran be no doubt that sue u a great uem.
AN ELEVATED FOREST. ".
Tree tlrew en the Tep of tha Tower '
tJtrriiitiiirB Court Heuse. V
Orcensliitrg, Ind,, pesucssen a natnl v
cutiesity lu tlie form of an elevated ns
est en ene of tlie towers of lu '
liettKC. In tlie renter of Ihu buslncMI
turn et tne piace it n iiunnsoae pHtv c
which centjiivi within Its bound ft,
Ijiawy lawn nud n choice variety of risfjt
lli-e:). in io.neiiuei iiiu iinesf, eil sajam JJ
liottses was built in this park. The arcs
(ecttire it of pleasing variety anil
vt ei kinnnidiiii of the best nualltiV"
On either end of the InuhJina: are two-
large towers; tlie ene en tlie cast atMvttf'
IM rect from tM
level of tka -
ground te tM
fancy etene 'or-;
nament at tkav
J
IBBlllW fcSB
Mmr!Z r UsH
top. In building V,.
iii tower, uoeui
tliltty feet freBiT
tltA Inn un atstls.
was mad et4 ?l
l,rl.l Mn suliljtjMr
fitnnn tra IsliL
nbeut two feet in j
breadth and threa
or four feet la'
length. In IMS,
n few leave wartil
ecen pretrudlat?
from between tn ',
TUEI!9 IV THE Altt.
stenes ea tM.
low er. but they seen disappeared. FetWS
yenrs after Iho leavet were again teen j '
l.n... ami. -.A..n.. n. Iltn Iauta nnd ln-?L
Untied le thrive through the warai'V, i
months. In alwiittwojeare'tlmeawellV
hi iineii nun iiroiKiriieiu'ci ire-e Bureau ,-i-
Itt lliiibt nnd leaves from the '
great height abeve. Qreensburg became lA.
ktievvn nil ever the elate as the "Lena S.
Tree City." en account of this curiosity. V
Hut in tlme it will leso this name. as in
1B70 mero tree, uppearea nna biz instead aj
of ene ndern the tow er. ,i,
Tlie trees nre of the silver poplar varl- ,
cty anil nre from three nnd ene-lialf te
nine feet four inches high, the limb fc
measuring a little eVer three feet, lliey
have a firm rooting and healthy appear -
unce, and also cause the stones te spread '
nleut ene ami ono-feurth inches apart, 1
but junt abeve the crevices spread out J
and mcasure from four and ene halt
te bcvcn and thrco-feurths inches in cir
cumference. The trees can be plainly i
seen from the Union depot and attract
the attention of many travelers, and are
regarded as the pride of Clrecnsburg.
Interesting Mortuary Italics.
The museum at The Hague bas just
tcen presented with the tongue of Jehn J
de Witt and the tee of Cornelius de
Wilt, the two Dutch statesmen who ;
w ere tern te pieces by a raglug mob in
1072. They are tlie gifts of air. UOCK
huyt, of Leyden, whose ancestor ob
tained these "valuable" relics en the day
that the De Witts were murdered, and
nnd they have bince been carefully pre
served in his family. Londen Truth.
A Dig "a"-
lately the biggest ball en record took
place in the Palais de I'lndustrie. It was
In isalityau entertainment offered by
the exhibitors of all natieus te the gov
ernment, the municipal council, and the
prin :ipal citizens et l'arls. " s saia g
that 31,000 Imitations had been issued ,
te this gigantie bal des cxpessnts, and if v
such be the case there was ample room .
for them in the vast interior of the .'
lMlaisde I'lndustrie, which was splcn- S
didlv decorated and arranged for ike ec ,;
.,-inn Kxrhancc. -ilA-i
v- t v.
Jliu Hart's Iru(iesed Trip. -i;"' ,
Jim iiurc ceniempiAtet takmg at mp-jxx
through youth Aiuerlca, Mexico ana WuM ,)
next winter, te sound these countries and lay
out a route fur a baseball tour te following ;
winter. Jim always was a bes sclraar ett .-
w inter tours, and w belie t'e the flrst te asr- ,
tien tha possibility of an AutraUn trlpsesaa '-.
year age. ".
:
,3
Bft-i
w
--iE-v-H
'un
'
:'i