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VOLUME XXH-NO, 21
COMMENCEMENT.
. "
A Festival Day en the College
Campus.
A SMITH OK IthV. T (1 A.TI.K, I). II. I'll. I).
UIam linj KtvrtiaeiTeii TureilnyAflrri u II10
. ltd ! Ilrlerrtlirsiilrtlriil,jr IMIter H101II1
Netleljr nlul Alumni ICnilti1en Ttlf
Ahlimil Iltutir lltsltt-rttltiu til
thr ew Obsf mtlerj lit. t . A.
Ieuiic'a A(ldrts.
TI10 nmuinl commencement jerflcs et
1'rmikllii ami Miirnlinll collcge, lilcb ti:iti
will) tliu iMcoaUureato Mirinen in tliu 1 h,iel
mi Mimlny, Mini wilt ((riniiiiitii nltli tlie
orntleiiM of ten rrtilimtiw 011 ilmmliiy morn mern
Iiik tliu lirnalileill'il nvei'tlnti Ixiliif; etnlltiHt
en urcniuit of Dr. NihIii'h ttiuitlt t uttiiliiale
In tlie uxtcniltxl mul arkl cxiMiioei nl tliu
ociIIi'ke tiMliiy. 111 uoiincetloii ullli lliutu tliu
I.NTKi,i.KiKMhit pri'Mints 11 1 ir truU of tlie
!riUlu!it of tlie intlltutliiii, Ke. Dr. TIieiiihi
O. Apple, lie lnutittrltK iiiM-111 tliu lutitli ycur
el IiIh jirtwhlemy nl the ItiHtltntlen, Hint tu
wIiohe pnileiliul !M.heliirchlp, wlilu rauge of
ptillomiplile thought, prent pepuliirlty In tlie
uliurcli ami Rfiiinl iiiannurx,arolargely owing
tlie ratlHfaftnry comlilien of tlie ItiHtltntlen
ami the cntintaiit progreii of tlie goeil work.
Itev. Dr. Apple H a tiii'inbcr of a liiinlly
whleli It rocegnlwl with Out of tlie Nuvlns
lu Keferuied chiiruh work, nlul in the history
of her llterary iiiHtitutietiH, Three hrnthern
of the naiiie are wlilt'ly knnwti iiiliiitoraef
tliOKmH)l: ami the winiil feneratien nre
eenilng te be kueuiiHi men el mark, of in
lliienee In churthaml Htate, ami of hoelal no ne no
ceinpliHlituentM. TtiemaH t.llmore Apple, who t.ikes his
nilddle naiiie from a mother or" .Scotch .Scetch
Jrlxh " blentl ; Wis born of n IViiUHjlMtnU
Uerinan line en the paternal side and tlie
original naiiie Acpfel, .In no Mirjeiitly
(polled, vrlth 11 tvutlunry te return te Appul.
IIU i)tle place was K.wten, !., lint wlien
he wan a boy of teu the family rutuuwd te
Haegcrtewn, (.'rawferd county, I 'a., en
French t'rivk, cnwilng the Hl.ite with a
journey In the old con ered wagein. 'l'here
he werxed for a tlme In lilt father's mill,
i'emlng back toatteml tlie school of Dr. Jehn
amlerveer, D. I)., who was n letdiug edu
cator lu K.ettern I'euiMvlvaiilaforoNornfiunr I'euiMvlvaiilaferoNornfiunr I'euiMvlvaiilaforeNornfiunr
ter of a century. Yeung Apple entered
Manilial! college, nt Menershurg, ajuuler lu
lhlS, when he w.w under I'l ear el
age, and w.tt graduated lu Kid.
He Htudled theoleg, hut before he
entered Ueu hm llrwl p.iiterUl charge
at Ctreennhurg, eitinereland ceuuiy, he
taught Kchoel lu NerrlHUiwn, tuicceedrd Dr.
Yamlereer en Instructor In the I'atteu
arademy and ntipplled Heferined charges lu
that neighborhood, lln had brief pastorates
lu Greemiburg,aiid MechauicMhtirg, (.'uuitinr
lanil county, and then nettled in i.reen
caMle, 1'ranklln county, I'a.
lly this time he had cemn te attract the
the general notice of the church as a student
el thought, a clear, earnest and scholarly
nreacher and a theologian et rare partH.
When the movement wan (darted te reorgan reergan reorgan
Ue a cellege at Mercersburg lu WA, lie was
the natural selectlnu of ItH regents for presi
dent ami continued te till that sjsltlen
with great acceptability until the thoo theo thoe
loglcil seminary was removed tu l.m
caiiter lu 1ST I, and he was called te
the chair of church history and New '1'ohta '1'ehta
inent exegOMia ; his services were also added
te the teaching force of the faculty, mid when
Dr. Ne!n retired Irem the presuleney in
1K77 Dr. Apple's election te the Hiiccessleu
wax ratified by the hearty usucntel tlieclmrcli
and the aluuinL lle has tilled tliu presi
dency oer hIiice and his spwiial line of
teaching has Included ethics, lesthetlcH, moral
philosophy and all the lininclus of inetiphy
sics, added te his instruction lu the semi
nary. Kev. Dr. T. O. Apple Is as widely known
as a preacher and writer as an Instructor.
His coiniKwIlien Is ery Uuent and easy, his
thought strong ami forceful and his capacity
for work la enormous. He Is n faverite
preacher net only in the college
chapel but en all special occasions
throughout the church ; and whlle
his ornate, clear and vigorous style never
falls te ontertaln, the earnestness and login
of his Christian discourse alwayH tarry con
viction, lle has been a faithful pupil el Dr.
Nev In, but with ether theologians of the
church has expounded and established the
ChrlHtoleglcal system upon a linn and on en
during basli, and attracted the roapect of the
whole theological world.
Klnce Dr. Karnaugh's death in lbG7, he has
edited the Merermburg Jlcvxew, new the
Jlfenned Church Quarterly, lie v. Dr. J.
M. Titzel, asseciate editor j he Is a Irotiuent
writer for the Mfaemjer and ethor period peried
icals ; he Is generally a delogate te synod
and always te the general synod ; he was
sent te the Heferined alliance lu Philadel
phia in 1880 and te the l'an-l'rosbjlerian al
liance In Uellast in ISfil, wheu, with Itev.
Dr. llamtuiau, Hlder Goe. W. llenacl and
ether friends, he uiade 11 geueral tour of 1:11 1:11 1:11
roiie, which greatly liiipreased him, and el
which he has written and lectured much te
the entertainment and Instruction of his au
diences. Kver since the organization of tlie
Cllosephlo soclety In social circles el thii oily
he has been Its president. Dr. Apple, whs
uiarrled In 1861 le Miss Kinnm Matilda Mil
ler, of Kasten, ami among their children are
Jehn W. and Win. N. Apple, esris., of the
Lancaster bar. .
VLAHN DAY J!XKUVIHK1.
A Jerlftl Ucciuluu uu II10 Cauiiua by Ilia lr
liartlnc lt"J of 'HO.
The class of 'bti (.elebrated their class day
yesterday en the cellege campus, ami suc
cessfully fullilled the expectations aroused
by the following pregramme :
MUtlU,
Halutatery C. A Hantuu.
Cluas 1'eeiu I. A. KunkeL
ill SIC.
Claaa History A. It. laitz
Mt'sie.
Ivy Oration L. t. Krall.
Ml 81(1
Prophecy 1. I hicba.
MUSIC,
Presentation t,, k. hoenu
utsic.
Mantle Oration I. II HnnsenU.
alcdlctery Address .I.. ..I). VV, Albright
ML'SIU
CLASS S01UI.
Dame Nature did well for the boys lu the
way of pleasant weather, for the sun was
kept carefully beneath a cloud, and the
threatening rain was held lu check. The
campus was looking lis Hummer bust and tlie
goodly throng of ladles fair and gentlemen
that had gathered te hear what the men of 'Ml
had te eiler of prose and poetry, of wit and
pathos, was cheerful and attentlve through it
all.
In a graceful salutatory Mr. Han tee wel
comed all and outlined briefly the treats that
were te lollew. Mr. Kunkle thou read u
J?1 M
. .
1 .
I ii sun of considerable length fiuiii which wn
select tliu lollewlng stanza I
1 lie Minn thai en there honored lieadt
Ucsts uracufiilly iu allkeu tluuuU
Upen tlm shoulders et a Miieen,
ines net iilenii tnim what htitli live 11
Me nobly 1I01111 In eilfcuinil pent 11 1
Tlie lalHira of thill lulls nor ceadii
Werniul with rccltallnns gwsl
lint they hav 11 felt a warmer kkhhI
llmlr young Moist thrlllliiK In iuu li vein
1 InilrtrltiinplK wtniilug liv tliulrhmln
'tliuy did a lelly height uttuln.
Mr, l.ulz, the class historian, was next In
trediiced and gave HileUllisI history of tliu
events of Interest that had enlivened eollen
Ufa One bright Neptemlsir day or 'Ki, 'JJ
Individuals nsseiiihltid iigtuw with llle and
vigor le lerm the class of 'Wt, and IheynU
remeuileir tliat morning, Isjcaiisii then w
luilght the llrst battle with the sephniiinr
Mill It was leund te the sorrow nl lliosep
mores that these freshmen were made
sterner stull, and 'Nl remains utistreteh
A number el amusing incidents in tlie career
et llie class were graphically depleted. The
speaker referred feelingly tu Dr .I0I111 .
Nuviu, who by his cjiIiii and gentlemanly
bearing had wen the respect and ullocllen el
aclass whosulevoor fun had Ud te much
disorder that must havu bein most trying.
Let us notlie sentlinentHl, but ever all of
us nt parting there comes a feeling we can
net describe. We nre lu be scattere'd wldu
apart, ami though in theso dii)s of steam
traveling we may meet again, yui we imiiihh
oeunl tisin It. lt tin then say nle.
Mr. Krall follewod with the Ivy oration.
Hew closely tlm Ivy clings te tlie walls of
alma mater. The yeumr vine holds en with
nil It strength and sleadflycllmbliig upward
clings all the closer us the yearsgu by. When
It reaches nigh up wncrti me hi rung w mils 01
the fiercest storms issall It, it has gained a
llrm held Ireiu vvhlrh Mean net Imi slnken.
Ilai'h braneh aud tendril lles close te Its fel
low j they cling together mid they all cling
te the cellege wall. Ne Ihj It with the class of
'sit. I.lkethn Ivy let them cling te alma
mater, and llke the ivy let them ding
together.
Willi a delivery coinmendhble ler distinct
mm and grace, Mr. Krnbs dullvored the pre
phecy ; through a mysterious telescope he
looked Inte the future aud described tliu
changes in appearance, and the gixsl or bad
lertime that tliu future has lu store for each
of his classmates.
Tliu address was leplete with liiimoieus
suggestions aud telling hits.
Mr. Koeutztheu began tliu present itien el
nieuientus te Ills U assmates, which weie as
fellows : Mr. Cohlen I, a Ihix el buttonhole
ls)Uiuels Mr. Manger, for his br.uerv en
eiematleu night, a celli 11 , Mr. .Siutis., a dark
lantern, Mr. Walbert, 11 powder pull; Mr
Obrelter, a raltluaml a pilr of apron strings;
Mr. hchaeller, who will study medicine,
a dlssistlug knlle; Mr. Kunkle, a letter le
thecldel of si1Ilej Mr. I.utz, Ister glasses;
Mr. Melii, u iMMtitv was given a frame ; Mr.
I Ittle, iviudv , Air. Albright, orator, a tin
medal; Mr. I.tslsirger, 11 tape measure, Mr.
Ilatllnt, a convict's cap; Mr. Der wart, a whip,
Mr. iicrhart, 11 Isittlu of medicine, (7) and
cautioned net te let his classmates seu It , Mr.
Tettcn, a stable; Mr. kller, a drum; Mr.
blnuller, tlie iKHjt, was given a Kiiuy ; Mr.
Kauiliiiau, a lyre, Mr. Keller, a sample or
crocheting; Mr. Keifer, a pump sucker , Mr.
MicMey, a lUt Iren Mr.Seiiseutg, an alarm
ilm'k , Mr. Kaby, two tenpins, Mr. Kraul,
a hsiklug glass, brush and nil.
Mr. hensenlg's iiiantle oration was well
expressist and Impressive, and Mr. Mussel
man lu receiving the mantle for the class of
'7 made an eloquent and telling speech.
Uist but tiest was the valedictory address
of Mr. Albright. who humorously warned his
liearers, "If you havu teus prepare te shed
them new-" aud by his many touches of
plaint humor and quiet sarcasm held the at
tention of the audience and wen well inuri
ted applause.
The class song, written by Mr. Krebs, was
well sung by thu class ami tlie exercises as a
whole relluct credit upon them aud their
alma uiatur.
The music by the l'oneveniuco band of
l.ebineu was unllernily geed. Thu com
mltteunfaraugeuieiits were iiourge M. Dur
wart, (halrmuii, .lelin H. Kaullmaii und
((COrgeJ. I.lsburger.
tiik mr.yyiAi. ehajius.
An Klu(iieiit and l'epnUr Adilrcs ly Ctisrltfn
I'.dlury sntltli, el Tlie rrr.,f
A very line audience was gathered lu tlie
court house last evening te lie.tr the biennial
oration laifore the literary societies by Mr.
Charies Kinery Smith, of the l'hlladelphia
'cm. Mr. Smith, who cmiie by invitation
of the Dl.ignethian Literary society, was ln
trmluced by an ex-mumlier of the name and
s)ku ler an hour 011 ' Vspiratieus ami In
splratieus." 'I he .uldress was eloquently
delivered aud evoked frequent applause
1'ollewlng js mi iibstriu t of it :
Mr. Hmilti opened by saying that when
NaiHilueu Was lighting his first caiupilgu lu
Italy the Austrian generals contemptuously
said . "'lllis ieilug upsUirl Is violating all
thelawsef war," yet iu splle of tlie critics
tlie brilliant conquuier laid all Italy at his
feet. Thus thu true law of action ami success
Is that which Is Ixnt calculated te attain the
object. Neanulent sUmdard or proscrlptlve
law should rule out the means best adapted
te the end. It would be presumptuous te
discredit the counsels and thu achievements
of age ami exierieece. The great ami uu
linlsliutl careers of Ulsmarck and i.l.ul stone
would reliuke all such uuthliiUlug felly
Disraeli, with the weight et seventy-live
years, still held the sceptre el Kiigland ami
la-scluated thu world with his dazzling but
hollow' policy, and te-day, rising above all
his associates iu his seieue and profound
vvl'deni, ami bearing his seventy-eight vears
with scarcely abated vigor, thu destinies of
the Itrltlsh eiuplre aru carried lu tlie hands
of the peerless (,Iadstene. Yet It Is 110110 the
less true that the larger proportion of the
greatest achievemunt-s in the history of the
world havu been wen by men hardly beyond
their youth.
The early works of Slul.ospeirp, Dryden,
Hhelley, Myren, Walter Scott, Macaulay and
ethers iu literature ; of Chatham, l'ex,
Murke, Patrick Henry ami ethers iu era
tery ; of.Iellerseii, Hamilton, Adams, Clay,
Webster, llamHlen, ltlcliolieu, dmnlK'tlaand
1'ltt iu statesmanship, w ere referred te as il
lustrating this truth. Though these may be
regarded as evceptlen.il cases It is none thu
less true that thure has neer been a time
when se many responsible stations iu lift)
were rilled by jeung men as new. It Is
equally trim et thu professions aud of busi
ness life. In thu great commercial ami In
dustrial enterprises which mark this pro pre pro
giesslvo period, the relns of authority are
often held by men under or scarcely beyond
tlie thirties, ene cemmanuiug reason mr
this broader perloriuaiice is the larger Intelli
gence which new Informs all successful ef.
lurt Thu exacting demands of our tlmes re
quire original capacity and also cultivated
power.
Anether element of success lies iu selecting
the livid and tlie work for which there Is
aptitude. Men iu their places aru the men
that stand. While aiming high It is thu part
of practical wisdom te aim at an object which
Is within reat li. The arrow of Acestis was
tired at the stars, hut though it lull a gleam
ing light it loll lar short of thu mark. The
r;reat demand of our times Is for tlie practical
11 education and lu lite. Our busy life is
widely ill llureut from that of the old Creek
capital. The herb woman of Athens, as Do De
Witt Clinten said, could criticise thu phrase
ology of Demosthenes and the meanest artisan
could pronounce judgment en the works of
Apples and 1'uldUs, We need net seek tlie
classie grace and captivating Heecli el the
Athenian throng. Hetter an aero iu Middle
sex than a cycle lu Cathay. Hetter the prac
tical education and tlie strong stimulus and
thu great opjiertunllles of our uiodern civili
zation than all the imaginative glories el the
elder tlay. The governor of a neighboring
statu net long age In a public, message actu
ally opposed higher education en the ground
that it breeds discontent In the ranks et
lalier und leads moil toaspire ten position
abovetli.it lu which they wure born. Then
welcome le IL There is a discontent which is
deadly ami a discenteut which Is the luspira
lien of new aud grander life. Imagine
Franklin, Webster, Lincoln or Oarlleld con
tented iu their early positions. What would
have become of their great careers 1
This question or broiuer ami iiiguer ouu euu ouu
catien Is lar mere than a matter of sentiment
or of Individual anil exceptional aspiration.
It lies at the very foundation of our free In
stitutions and becomes mero momentous and
commanding with tlie rapid utlvance el
mixed populutlen aud with changes of Indus
trial conditions. In an address lu Philadel
phia last week, Matthew Arneld queted
Senater Havvley'a pralse of our system of
goverumont as "a Kovernmont of, by and ler
the avorage man," and the eminent llritlsh
scholar added aa his own oeiniueut that
LANCASTER,
" while lu M,lltles this might bu a liuuelll, lu
odiicatleuat culture It Is precisely thu slough
of the common and avorage which we have
te cast oil and te rise up Irem." Ilalher let
us nay that it is lliu average that we have te
lilt and elevate. I '-very man's Immediate
concern is with himself, hulas a member of
society Ids concern Is with the general lovel
el tliu community and of thu nation, and In
stead of turning aside with ludlllerencn from
the common ami llie average he will leek
with profound sellt Itinln te tlie measures for
Its advancement. Whlle the common and
the average art) the streneth of thu republic
thure nre elements el weakness which must
Imi guarded against.
Kuvlevr llie tutisiii ul lw '"' y will
hud that 0110 out el every eight voters could
net read his ballet. The proportion or theso
who lack sulllclent liitollfgeneo ler the
rational discharge el tlie duties orcillens llfu
wasstill larger. In thu lasl presidential olec.
tieu thu dlllurence between llie aggregate
votes or the Iwo great p 11 lies was only 21,0011,,
Thu total vete wafl ever III.UOO.tKiil. That Is,
white Hthauge el only one vote iu KS was
needed' te trausler the preponderance from
one side In the ether, ene lu H could net read
thnlr ballets. Think of the narrow chances
awluglngeu such wldu margins. II is trim
thai this appalling Illiteracy Isehielly concen
trated In a low slates, and thst It Is ene of the
tlread leuitcics which followed In the train el
slavery. It raise the question whether there
Is a hope or a speedy lemedy save through
national aid. Dees net the national govern
ment ewe It le the states te rescue them from
the dangers and the degradation of this Im
mense unlettered electorate? Dees it net ewe
It te Itself te provide n-ifecuards against the
perils of luiierauce. corrimtleii and perver
sien which are wrapped up In a coudl'len se
startling'' 1 knew the outcry that Is raised
against the paternal system of government
and especially against 'national Intervention
iu what belongs te the province or the slates,
but is there any object vv hldi Is mero legiti
mately the cire of the government lhau
general itliicatien ? Are vuu Iree irem
danger lu the North T The Seuth, w ith
all Its slumbering evils, was tran
quil and undisturbed, while the North the
ether day was seething with tumult ami riot.
It was hi our great cities that tlie red H,ig of
the anarchist was deliantly Haunted in the
face of the orderly community. It was In
our splendid ten l res el activity that the
wheels or Industry were steplaiid thuuou thuueu
lllct of industrial lerces threatened dlsergaiil
ration aud disaster. De net these outbreaks
show the presence of elements utterly de
ficient iu a Just understanding of the mutual
rights and obligations or tlie members el
soclety Hew are these dangerous condi
tions te be met except b a general system of
education which shall spre id Its counteract
ing Inlluence"'
It Is true that under thu democratic princi
ple U.e existence of geed government do de
jMMids iism the moral qu illtles and the pub
lic spirit el the people, but hew Is this te 1 10
seemed without the broadest system of mi
ular education? Thocendltlotis have wholly
changed within half a century. llefere the
railroad, the telegraph, ami all the weliderlul
agencies of our present civ 111 itieu the struc
ture uf society was simple and thu isivver of
Igtiurauce and ierverslty was IlinlUsl. It
1 ickid thumeiusef urgsuljillen, and of com
bination. With thu complex and Intricate
structure of our social andlndustri.il organ
ism, general education Is far mero iiuisirtatit
than ever bolero. Quite iu harmony with thu
mlsceni option of tlie importance of general
education, and with the (also lament
ever its tendency we hear much about
the assumed degeneracy et our times.
1 de net shire 111 Us unhappy vluw of
theagu hi which wu live I bullevu that thu
w iirlil grew s belter as It grew s elder und th it
the 111 irth el tlme and et cjvlllritleu is the
advance of both material and moral pro
gress. '1 he f uilts and the blemishes el the
by-geno heroes are forgotten and only their
glories remain. The Iralltles und the lellies
of the living are seen face te fate and In their
nearness cloud thu virtues, as the hand
covers the sun. We live In thu fiillglaroel
an electric light and If Ice and wrong-doing
seem mero rile new it is net because they
prevail uieru lu piox)rtien te thu growth et
the country, but beciuse the lights are
turned en and the whole life tit the laud Is
Hashed Imfore us every morning.
'I he history of early administrations and
statesmen was reviewed te show that ill the
heroic age of the republic things were iloue
w Inch would net be tolerated at thu present
time. Hamilton's oterclso of his inlluence
lu the iuesldeuti.il election el IhM when
there was a tie between llurr aud .lellerseii,
insecure the election of Jellerseu, had been
pointed teasau e uiiple ler our times. It
was an act of elevated pitrietism, but it Is
uone tliu less triiuth it whuti Hamilton leund
his pirtv bual"ii hu proposed te doverner
Jaj.el New erk, te convene the legisla
ture in intra session and usurp the jHivvcref
election, a proposal mero audacious than that
of any returning be ird oleurtlav. Kdiimud
Itaudelph was driven Irem Washington's
cabinet en charges of iereiisl dishonor.
I'linethv Pickering said that Jehn Utams
was inlluenced by ruvuuge, ambition and
selhshuess. Calhoun declared that the
administration of Jehn (Juincy Adams must
Ikj la iteu at all hajirds, no matter vv hit its
measures. 110 would dare avow such a
cede of action new Whlle 1 sharu
the general roveronco ler the greatness
of the past, despite its blemishes, I
deny the decay and demoralization and de
pravity et our times. We suder from evils
which our lathers could net knew evils
will, h havocemo with the growth of wealth
and populitien and power; from speeu! itlve
gtccd ami corKiral!ve aggrandizement and
ring r.iaelty , the v Ice et great cities and thu
coullictet great interests, but iu spitu et all
this the luvel el theagu Is higher. It is for
si helarshlp tneug.igu In still liuthur deva
lue the tone or political contention ami public
llle. 1 am net et these who deplore legiti
mate pirty spirit and stand lmlillerent te
honorable iiarty contests. We want indo inde
Hudctice, but tudvpumleuce based en prin
ciple. Te bu se peer iu principle ami se ties ties ties
tltutoet earnest convictions that you de net
care which side geos up or which side gees
down, this is net Independence. I confess I
am tee much Impressed wllh my duty as a
citizen ami toedeeply interested In the grand
drama el epular government te sit down
coolly mid calmly , in my little private box
in this great tueatre of public action and
ainiise myself with petty criticism en the
faulty d)ss orthe paste Jewels white thu stu
pendens play is moving lerward around me.
Instead 01 that 1 vv 111 vv 1th honest convictions
choeso my party, de my host le lilt lis stand
ard te a worthy Ideal and tight its battles
imiiilully and earnestly. De 1 then make
myself the slave et my party? Far Irem
it. We tte net support our parly be be bo
cause it Is our pirty, but because
wu bolleve that hi thu main It represents
right principles and right tendencies.
Mul witn this feeling we should be all the
mere zealous te lilt Its contests lar abevu the
struggle ler place into the battle ler principle.
We should Jein with geed citizens et all
pirtles lu Beeking te rescue the public serv it e
Irem the abuses which have mured it. 1 de
net Hynipitlilze with the wild and reckless
denunciation of,llie publlesorUce as luelllclent
ami 101 nipt. It Isn't true. It doesn't touch
the real sores. It contuses ami mlsloidsthe
public mind. Outsldu et the large elites with
their let il wrongs the public servitu, by
whatever party administered, has for the
most part been as honestly and lalthtiilly
enndut led as thu average of private business,
I'ltoreot of the evil is net the lack of Integrity
or capacity, but a lack el the proper conception
that 11 public olllce Is a public trust. His net
maladministratien but tlieergiulz itlen el the
administrative machinery eutsldu of its
proper luuctien into a political engine, and
110 duty et American scholarship is mere
commanding than that el leading tlie
awakened American thought te a still higher
and broader apprehension of the true govern
mental system.
JA TIIK UAill'Uti TO I) A I.
A I'lt-ssniil Ditylur tlie IteiiiileiKixi the (iruiiiida
ill thu Ciillcvte.
Tliu cellege grounds and buildings were
llie centre el attraction te day ter thu old stu
dents and visitors, and 11 was a busy day for
all connected with thu commencement exer
cises, lly 8 o'clock they bad began te assem-
me in tne various halls, and from -;0 a. 111.
te 10 the society reunions were bold, followed
by the alumni meeting, the beard el trustees
lieing iu session in the meantime.
Tlm Oiutheau Iteiiiiluii.
Uev. A. J. Heller, ef'OI, new of Adams
town, Md., preslded ever tlie (imtbeau re
union i Uev. Dr. J. M. Tltzel, vlce prosident ;
Hev. T. F. Hollmelor, secretary; Hey. W. II.
dreit, censer. Mr. Greh oflered prayer.
K. 1:. S'tolller reid a satisfactory Btatetuent
of the condition el the soclety ; which gaY0
PA., WEDNESDAY, JUNE 1(5, 1880.
llse
(e a discussion th.it was parllclpated
Kovs. D.N. Dltuiar, C. Cerl, .1. W. I.OV
lu by
and ethers.
The subject of relurnlshlngaud rolreseelng
the hall was discussed and the active society
was Instructed te proceed with lids work,
Hevs. DrH. Tltel and Htahr, Itev. I). W. Ger
hard, A. .1. llberly and .1. G. Peters, were up
pointed n committee el the ex-ineuilsirs te
co-operate lu this movement.
Ilesldes the gentlemen mentioned In the
ropertor tlie proceedings, there were piosent
of the old students, Kev. .1. II. PaimalHH.ker,
.1. V. .Stein, ,1. M. Korscluier, D. A. Sunders,
Dr. A. M. Schmidt, S M. lleeder, U. Ili
Schneder, Lew Is Ilebh, .lelui . L0nbach,
.lehll H. llebtch, D. II. Hchnflder, Dr. S. I
lluilluau.S. P. K.iliur, t, U Uracil, W. II. II.
Snyder and ethers.
Hie DiaiElKithlatl Hftitilleii.
The members of the active DIagnulhiaii se.
ciety metln formal meeting lu their hall, Pres
ident Mussulman In the chair, and prcx ceded
le the business of electing the applicants for
iiiemlmrslilp whom they had captured from
the students admitted te cellege ler the next
term. 'I hey were Initiated as fellows ('. V
Leng, W. 1'. "sichs, M. M. Wolf, II. K. My.
ors anclC il Illlllard.
The society then resolved itself Inte In
termit! union of old ami new members aud
W. I . Heuse! wascalltitl te the chair. 'I he
Valedictory address 011 behalf of the outceiiiL'
members was then uiade by Mr. Gee. 1.
Stem and It was responded te by Mr. A. 1'.
jiccuanu
Short addresses el congratulation nnd rem
iniscences vvme then made by Hev. Dr, .1. W.
hautee, Dr. S. II. Guilferd, Kovs. Dr. J. II.
Dubbs, Mr. A. MIekley. Itev. S.S. Miller, W.
l Cremer, Goe. W. Snyder, I'r. Slirisler.
The reunion adjourned with a lienedlaien
by Kev. .1. C. llauman.
An adjourned meeting of llie acllve secluty
was then held and another new member, Mr.
William Hall, was initiated.
It was requested that all ineuilxjrs of the
seciety hav mg historical matter relating te
it, lean the Hiime tlurini; thofemliii; veir tu
W. N. Apple, who will write the history of
1110 society ler llie cellege leutuiinial inoiiie
ml volume.
1 he Alumni VlnelbiK.
Amcollugef thu Alumni association was
held iu the college ch ipel.lt 10 a. iu., Kev.
J. M. Titnl presiding. It was esjnetl with
prayer by Kev. . I C. llnuniau and the min
utes of the last meeting were read.
It was refuted thai thu committee had
secured Dr. S. II. Gulllerd as alumni orator
aud he was here le perlerm his task iu the
chapel this evening.
III. (IMINNIVI ( 11M viii ri.i..
i he couimittee 011 a proper lerni or cele
bration el tlie centennial y ear of 1'raiikliii
college aud thu seuil-centeunlal or Marshall
al the commencement et 1S7, uiade an elab,
erate report, setting forth their plan for 11
centennial year and a jubilee celebration at
the close of It, and unbedyhig lu it also tliu
work of the cemmittcti 011 .1 historical or n
memorial velume tu be issued conloiniNora cenloiniNora conleiniNora
neously. The general centennial committee consists of
Kovs. Drs. I'. G. ppleaud i'.. derhart, l"
Cert, l. l". Hellinaiiiind W. I Hensel.
The commlttee en memorial volume is
ceuiKisetl of Kev. Drs. I. II Dubbs, .1. S.
Stall r, Tltzel and llelsler, and W.I. Hensel.
Meth teiiimlttees have been actively at
work during the past vear, and havu st cured
from ttieiUvsei il the Kelermed church, se
lar as met, approval of their plan and arrange
ments ler holding throughout the church
educational meetings te promote thu objects
el tlie centennial year.
These eli(H Is include the preparation aud
publication efn full h'stery of I raukllu col
lege und el Marshall college, Isith before aud
subsequent te their union lu Ink!, a history et
the Dl.ignethian aud Gcethean llterary so
cieties, ami a brief biographical sketch et
every student who may liave been connected
with theso institutions iu time past. This
ceuteiini il w ill culminate in 11 grand jubilee
celebration during the cell. go coiiimenco
menteflvC, lasting several days, at which
addresses will be delivered hv eminent
siioakers. Thore will be a sm i.tl poem ami
oration; and varied festlvillts el a social,
literary and lilsttiric.il charai ter will take
place. As a lwriiKinent uiemnri il of thu cen
tennial year itself if Is presied te enlarge
ami strengthen the leaching lone et thu in
stitutions at Lancaster. Mosidesniher results
te be secured will be the completion of the
aliimul prolessersliip, which still 1 it ks ?ll,-
000 of the amount netesary te its lumplo lumple lumplo
llen ; tlioendevvmont of the presulcnty witli
1 fund et net less than f.ki.oen, the cemplete
equipment of the wientln. departuiint in
.uxerdaiice with the plan recently elaborated
by Dr. SUhr , the erection nt a tire prue!
hulldlng for the libraries ami museums, and
otliei niegnisslvu measures.
Iu tne prcpiratieu of the history Kev. Dr.
Dubbs Is te have cdlttiml miiiiaguneiit et
the same, ami he will vvritethe history of
Franklin college; Kev. Dr. I hen. Appel
will contribute the skt tch el Maishtll , Kev.
Dr. Jehn S. Stahr of Franklin an. I Marshall ,
Kev. Dr. 1'. N.Gorhartet thu seminary. .1,
I. DoLengot tlie Gcetliean scsiety . v. N.
Apple of the DiHgunlhiim, and W.I. lion lien
sol will prepare tlie register.
Fer thu Jubilee exercises the following
pregramme Is premised : On Tuesdav et
next leuimencciiiuui week an historical cel
ebration, ever which lien. Jehn W, lv II
llngervvlll preside ; oratei, Hen. Leuis II.
Stulner, M.D.; isiet, Kuv. C.W H. '-iegel. On
Wetluesday thu popular t'ulobratieu, te be
presided ever by lien. W. S. Sleuger ; with
an address en llie claims et the college upon
thechuiih by Itev. .1. Spangler Kieller, and
an address 011 the claims et the cellege upon
tlie community by W. F. lltnsel. Mesitlcs
there will bu .1 biennial oration Isifore the
literary societlos, class and society reunions,
alumni tliuuer, reception, Ac. It is also pro
posed te make euu of the endow ment move
ments n memorial te Dr. Nev m.
uu. M.IN'- Ml. Mul 1 Vi
lli the K,ime connection with the report was
read by Kev. Dr. C. - WoKer a memorial te
the late Kev. Dr. Neviu prepared by .1 com cem com
mltteo apjHiiuted at 1111 Inform il meeting el
his old students held en the day et his
funeral. This ropeit was rclorred back te
the commlttee ler some slight moditicatieu
te be reported at an adjourned meeting this
evenliig.
It was resolved that the following In) de
clared te be the objects and aims of the cen
tennial ye ir nnd celebration movement : The
completion et the alumni professorship,
which still lackH f 11,000 of the amount neces
sary te Its completion ; the endowment of tlie
presidency vv 1th a Hunt net less than f I0,0ui) ;
me complete equipment or thu bcienunu de
partment lu accordaiice with thu plan re
cently el ibonited by Dr. Stall r, anil tlie erec
tion of a tire pioef building ler the libraries
and museums.
11 was lesulvcd that the completion of the
endowment et the presidency lie .1 lilting
memorial te Dr. Nev in.
It whs roseivetl that the further equipment
of the scientific donirtment md the erection
or a library building be the llrst object el the
centennial movement ; and tint the endow
ment et thu presidency and the completion
el the aliimul professorship endowment be
Included among theso objects.
The following committee was appointed te
consider the subject of Dr. Neviu's blogia blegia
phy, nioiueirs, Ac; Kev. Drs. Tuns. G. Ap
ple, C. ,. Welser, J. S. htahr, Then. Appel
and W. V. Hensel.
The plan for a history of tlie cellege sub
niitled by the committee was approved, and
various miscellaneous business transacted,
after which thu association adjourned until
this evenltiir.
Gen. M. F. Fisher, el 1'hlladelphla, has
been selected alumni orator ler next year.
Ttie Heard el Trustees.
At the meetings et the beard of trustees
during yesturday and te-day, Den. Jehn
Cessna presided aud llie billowing deg tees
woreconlerrod :
D. 1). Kuv. Dr. A. H. Lelnbach, of Mend
ing; Kev. Wm. Kupp, el Manchester Md.
L. li. I). Gee. F. It ter, esq
Ph. I). Prof. K. K. Muehrle. city supuilu-
toudunlel the Liucisler public schoe.s.
A. M. Ambrose C, Herman, M. II., el Tuit
ion, llerks county, Pa.
A commlttee consisting of Dr. J. P. Wick
ershaui, (ice. W. Heuse), Jehn C. linger,
Chas. Sautoe and Kev, C. U. Helluiaii was
appointed en the academy.
mkmeiuaf, 10 nit. NHVIK.
Hen Jehn W. Killlnger, submitted the
fallowing monierlal or Dr. Nevln, which was
adopted :
On Sunday oveuing, June 0, 1630, J. V.
Nevin dejvarted this lite at his home at Cicr Cicr
uarveu Place, In the Stth year of Jits age. It
la llttlng aud proper that the beard or trus
tees should put en record a tribute te his
. . - AtyL"i-.
memory, lu 1811 he was elected prosldentor
Marshall college, whlcliiKisltlonheconseuted
te lilt temporarily lu connection with his
INisilleu as professor or tlioelogylu the tins),
logical seminary. Hu continued le serve as
president, however, until 1S5.1, when the col
lege was removed le Liiicaster. A Iter spend.
Ing Heme years In retirement he was again
called te the presidency 1 11 lsir, and served
until 187i I, when he Dually retired from ac
tive service, lie was also during many years
a inomher or the beard or trustees.
This outward record tells but a small jsir jsir
tleu of Ills eminent services iu behalf of our
college Following Dr. F.A.Kauch, he laid the
foundations strong and deep of tlie Internal
lite of the cellege, iu meulding It thought.
His sorvlce rendered the cellege was iu n
large measure gratuitous. He made sacrl sacrl
(lcesrerit and continued te tlie und of lite
te take 11 deep Interest Iu Ite weirare. It Is
given te few men te exnrt such an liiiluonce
as he exorted ever his students. Ills eminent
talents which ranked him among thu greatest
thinkers or the aire, and the equally eminent
purity and moral earnestness of his life, at
once gave naiiie and tame te tlie cellege and
called forth the admiration and itllectleu of
tlie students who eamu under his teaching
aud Inlluence. The thinking el the Institu
tion continues te rolled the leading princi
ples el the philosophy he taught. S01110 or
the members of this Isiard were among his
pupils and nil its members were his admiring
Iriuuds. Therefore bis death is te all et us 11
personal here ivomeut as well as 11 public less.
Your Committee therelnrrt submit, tlm rl.
lowing ler adoption :
Itrvilvcil, That as a beard we rocegnlo the
eminent and valuable services el Dr. J. W.
Novluinbeth tlie oirller and later history of
Franklin and Marshall college, and that we
here put en record our high estimate or his
talents, his character aud his lite work.
Hrvili'cil, 'lhat It is eminently llttlng that
seiiiu lusting recognition el his services te
this cellege and of Ins worthy lite should be
mulu and te this end his niime and
memory should be Joined with U10 college lu
seiiiu tauglblu way in thu celebration el the
centennial of 1 raiiklln and the suiul-centeii-tilal
or .Marshal! college, and that this beard
co-operate with the alumni, carrying out
whatever inoasure may be decided upon as a
llttlng memorial.
litioleetl, That we hercby lender our con
dolence te the family of the dw e-vwsl and
that we share with them in our lasting re
gard for his memory.
llospectfully submitted,
J. W. Kli.i,iMir;n,
l". '.. Wl.IMIll,
L'. K. Fscilli.vtii,
C U. Hi:ii,man,
T. G. Arrr.i:.
Koseliitlons or tribute te the memory of thu
late Jehn lleilman, deceased, an old member
el the beinl were adopted.
Kev. C. I', llellmin was elected 11 trustee
te till the vacancy causetl bv the death el the
elder lleilman.
The couimittee en instruction reiKirted .1
favorable condition of the institution,
lliu Alumni Dinner.
The regular dinner or thu alumni, v isilers
aud students was held at 12:31) p. tn., In Har
haugh h ill, about -) persons being se.ited
at tlie table; the room was h intlsemuly or
namented, the beird was tlecoratetl with
Mowers and fruit and the collation was boun
tiful, lien. Jehn Cessna presided and an
nounced that the usual teastsaml alter tliuuer
skss hes would Ihj emitted en account of the
recent calamity lallen upon the cellege. A
fmv brief addresses having rolerenco te Dr.
Nev in's death vv ero made.
It was announced that Levi H. Dlehl, of
Fulton county, Illinois, had made a donation
et 52,000 le the college.
jmuiUAViMi nit: uiwKHrAiuitr.
I'rul Jtlltimeu i;, lieretitier rii, u,, Head of
the I.illit'in itltJit Hep tr Intent et the College.
It was at the cemniencement et Isbl that
the grntiryiiig announcement was made of
Mrs. Heed's generous donation et f lu,utHi for
the election and equipment of uu astronomi
cal observatory at 1 raukllu and Marshall
college, as a memorial te her father, the late
Dauiel Schell. I iiquosllemibly the special
direction et tills iiiaguillceiit gilt was largely
tlue te the interest awakened iu the great
science el astronomy by Prof. Korshuer's suc
cessful and distinguished labors iu this branch
of study, lle is a Merks county boy. His
father was formerly county treasurer, anil
his family is ene el the siilisbiutl.il Heferined
element, which has contributed se largely te
the membership or the Institutions here and
te the bostcitl7unshipet the commonwealth.
Yeung Korshner always had special aptitude
for mathematics, but hu held that bread,
liberal low of itliicatien which rcsiieets cul
ture for Its own sake ; and after his gradua
tion In 1S77, he took .1 two years course tu
theology te embrace the better opportunities
tints atlertled for the study of uietaphysit. s.
White pursuing a post-gniduate course at
Yale he was apMinted a teacher in the as
tronomical dtpaitinent there, ami had the
ileslred opportunity te porleet himself iu the
practical sltle of llie study. He made the
university calculations ler the observations
of the transit et enus ; and the nrolesser in
charge visiting Lancaster Heme years age be
stowed upon Prof. Kershner the highest
compliment fur his learning, his rare skill lu
bundling the delicate Instruments and his
thoroughness iu overy branch of the science.
The degree of Ph. 1)., roceutly conferred
UM)ii liim by Yale, was scholastic merit,
proved by a long course et study and tested
by thorough examination.
HIS VVOHKMIIir.
lu disposing or thef 10, UOOgilterMrH. Heed,
Prof. Kerslmer's v lows, is te the observatory
and its equipment have been largely consult
ed by the lxi.ud of trustees, and wheu 11
was found that It would require about ?:i,.i00
mere te secure such apparatus and building
us advanced scientific study doniiiuded,
orders were given te initke the work com
plete. Though 110 binds of the Institution
were available ler tlie appropriation, individ
ual members el the beard pledged themselves
te the lollew lug subscriptions teivard making
up the balance: Charles Sautee, J."i00; Jacob
Mausman, f'200; A. llerr Smith, ?200j J.
P. Wlckershani, IfJOO; Jehn C. linger,
flOO: Goerito Kunkle. S100: Henrv Wirt.
Silk); Goeriro W. Hensel. flOO; Jehn
Cessna, flOO; G. S. Grilllths, SUM; Jehn
1). Skiles, fleo total, fl,btw, besides
f'2lH) bequest Irem the late Mr. bwan
der te tnake up thu deficiency. This
leaves u balance et f 1,500, which it Is bolieved
can readily bu raised among llie liberal
minded aud public-spiriUd citizens et Liu
caster, te secure an interest of such perman
ent value and even luumituuutul character.
The building which, with IU equipment, Is
dedicated te-day, In a unlque structure, of
which our drawing gives a very fair Idea,
the plan belng of ceurse ndapted te the
1 -'V ' vy -y
heC ,,A
g Vv fc-A S-? VJmzA
Htievial uses for which it Is lutonded.
It Is lis'atud northwest or llarbaugh halt,
in a clear ehiii space, thore Isilng no scclitl
requirement, as H olleu supixwed, ler an olo elo ole
vatml site, the ene essential belng a free
sweep of the horizon. The main building Is
ltlluetby '20, and this includes a aafe-llke
cerner, wnlled oil by Itself, with Ihlck parti parti
liens and a heavy deer, with aperture covered
Willi double glass. Wltliln tills apartment,
resembling n rerrigorater, en a pier, built up
irem thu ground aud capped with a marble
slab, Is plmed tliu astronomical clock, thus
prolettisl front variations or tomiKirature Bnd
irem the vibrations caused by inoveiiionls lu
the bulldhig. Connecting tills building
Ti ,,i u''r .l".wur. lM "'l"ur blllldlllR
about a led by 10, In vvhlcli Is erectetl,
likewise en a ,,ier, t,u lran,lt ,tr'.
ineiil or niest elalsimte werkniBiislilp and
doHatle mlliisiiiiunt: uiadu by T. Hrtel ,t
Sens, of Munich, costing nearly t700, with a
lolempo or three Inclicsapottureand twenty,
soven inches fiKMl length. A trap in tlie roer
allows this te Isi K)iuted at Iho nklus, and It
his been In ii?e ler nearly 11 year; with it
Prof. 1C. has calculated llie longllude mid
latitude of Lancaster:
Lengitude: 5 lir,, li m., K10 sec, west or
Greenwich.
Latitude 10 ', 11 111., 6(1 sec north.
1IOVIIJ AND llll.l.SfOI'i:.
On the north slde of the building is the
round astronomical tower, two stories iu
height, new covered with n temporary roer,
but te be surmounted with the revolving
dome, about twenty feet lu diamoter, built
In Dublin, by Heward Grubb, an exporl experl exporl
unceil constructor, at u cost of about 2,000.
rhis dome roer must be put In place bofero
telescope can 1) surmounted ; and It was
oxpected le be here Iflr the dedicatory oxor exor oxer
cisos, but as Its munurac'ture is a work of
great delicacy and dllllcnlty, meteorological
and ether causes have retarded It and the
work did net arrlve Iu time te be erectetl for
te-day's exercises. It is expected te be put
up during vacation.
In the tolescoio nre secured the satisfactory
resiilLs of improved iiistruinenttiiauiifacturc,
iu a combination of object glass Irem Clark
A Sens, el Caiuhridgopert, Mass., and mount
ing rrem Kepseld A Sens, el Hamburg, Gor Ger
mauy. The lustrumeiit is el about the s.ime
diameter as thuse In the famous obsonato ebsonato obsenato
riesor Cordova, or Munich, et Copenhagen
and or Cincinnati, in which aslroneinors or
the world's ilrst rank have worked and
studied , and net interior te that with which
the observations are made at Kuglaiid's
1-ey.1l station, Greenwich, whoncelho world's
longitude Is taken.
The cost or the telex ope was about hall the
outire oxpense el this great addition te the
equipment or the cellege, the ethor halfet
the outlay being required te build a preircr
building, erect au astronomical dome and
equip llie observatory with ether essential
appliances of a complete department such
as tlie transit instrument, chronograph,
clock, chromemc ter, spectroscejie, baroinetor
and thermometer and electrical apparatus.
Dedicating llie Observatory.
After the alumni dinner had concluded
thoceuipany moved te the observatory whero
the dedicatory exercises wero held. A fea
ture of them was the reiding of an account or
thu various instruments of equlpment by
Prer. Kershner. A large audieuce then as
setnblctl In the chapel te hear the address or
Prof. 0. A. Yeung, Ph. 1)., or l'rlncoten col
lege, ene or the most famous astronomers el
the country. Following is an abstract erit :
Al.slrail tirilr. U A. v onus's Ail. truss.
"Frem tlme Immemorial the scionce of
astronomy b.is had a secure place in the
cellege and university curriculum .1 place I
thluk it is never likely te leso; for of all the
sisterhood or sciences astronomy is the old eld
est and the most fully developed : nor, I aui
sure, is any ethor nobler or mero beautiful :
no ether se ollectively puts a 111.111 Inte his
true rel itieu te llie universe, nt ouce hum
bling aud exalting liim ; revealing te him
depths of time ami space, Immensities of
muss and motion and power, which make him
feel the insignillcaii(.e of the earth and et
human atlairs, and at the same tlme make
him tonscieusof the divine within himself,
Iu the power te comprehend these depths
ami theso liumersities and te fellow out and
think the thoughts of Ged.
"Asa means of discipline, also, Its study
is of the highest value, exercising at ence
the observing, remeinberiug, reasoning aud
imaginative lowers, and It the pupil hikes
tip lliu ilia fe-d pursuit of it, then thore is
superadded tliu most perfect training el oye
and ear and hand, of patient watchfulness,
and laborious fidelity.
" ( no would (Hirhaps hardly dare te say or
astronomy that thu student will Hud it se
useful te liim iu business lite, as many ether
scieiues as Uiemistry or physics "for lu
staiue. It is true Indeed that our navigation
rests en astronomical foundations ; se that
it the world should vvake te-morrow, te Hud
that all their almanacs and se Man Is and
chroneiuotorshiul vanished, and all astronom
ical knew ledge clean lorgetton, thou com
merce by sea would be brought almost te a
slantl-still. Mut, for the most part, the
problem, the Investigation of which Is the
work et te-day 's astronomy, have little bear
ing en the material interests et mimaulilu:
it makes but little dlllurence, Irem this point
of ievv, whether we ever learn or net et
w hat the stars are made, or hew fur away
they are, or hew they meve. Aud yet, white
I for ene vv euld certainly lie lar from depre
ciating these studies which have a material
utility, and white 1 have 110 sympathy with
theso who decoy the se called iintctteul, I
cannot but feel that tills pure uusollishuess
of our science its very remoteness from the
domain of bread ami butter and dollars and
cents frees Its pursuit from certain dangers
and humiliations, she sits a little apart Irem
some of her sister sciences vv ith whiter and
less dusty robes, and demands of her votaries
a mero purely Intellectual and less mer
cenary serv ice.
"Just lltty years age our American col
leges began te provide themselves with ob
servatories mul tolescepo-i, lu order that
their students might be able te leirn the
w ouders of our science, net merely by read
ing and hear-say, but by sight and actual
observation. At llrst, and ler many years,
only a tew- institutions had such ostablish establish
ineuts. lllhims cellege led the way lu
lslil; VesterIlKoservo cellege, Ohie, the
Philadelphia high school, and the George
town cellege lollew ed closely, und Harvard,
Amherst, Dartmouth, Hamilton ami Ann
Arber wera some years behind; and new
every Hrst-class cellege Iu the land has dene
or Is doing thu same.
"Almest a hundred years age, Franklin,
en tlie whole the greatest manet scionce ever
prouueeu uy America, aided in leuuiuug
this Institution. De laid its eoruer-stono,
ami gave it his own honored name, te which
a happy union between the eldor cellege and
a younger cousin has since added that el our
most distinguished Jurist, Te-day, by the
liberality of ene of its generous friends, the
cellege celebrates llie establishment of Us
own obsorvatery, admirably equipped with
agieat and beautiful telescope, which joins
Iu Its construction thu skill of Amm lea's
(aud thu world's) most eminent optician,
and that of Hurope's most renowned mo me
cluniciau. Surely hu allectiouate daughter's
love could net have iessibly devised 11 mere
appropriate und otluctlve memorial than this
watch tower of thu heavens, which Is te bear
ler all tlme the n.une el the Dauiel Schell
obsorvatery."
v lti.viuvv et' Tin; ukeaui:.
ilh this Introduction Dr. Yeung imsseiI
tn a comprehensive review of the last docade
of astronomy and of the progress made In
this great scionce during these teu years. Aa
regards the earth's term, Messet's elliptlclty
1-JDOtli has been determined te be tee small,
and Clark's value of t.'2!)lth Is employed In
the United Suites coast survey and l-'2V2d In
Furene. Mr. Ploice. et our coast survey,
has discovered the large correction required
lu termer lsmdiiluui determinations en ac
count et the yleldlng or the stand Irem
which the iHiuiliiluiu is susiendud. Much
material has been collected towards a com
plete gravitational survey or llie earth.
Kapld progress has lieen made Iu determin
ing the dlllorenio et lougitude ltwcen all
thu principal parts of tlie earth. Hurope and
Seuth America nre connected with our sys
tem by cables and naval stations, American
astronomy lroquently detecting Htiropean
errors. The new railroad standard time uva-
te:n is a trreat advance. Dr. Yeung favors a
change te the plan of adopting the '21-hour
system of computing time.
Ne work en the lunar theory during the
past ten years is as oxtenslvo as that of pre
ceding astronomers. Novvcembo has made
valuable investigations of ancient and tats
dunval observations, but the theory la yet
very incomplete. The Btudy of the moeu'a
surtace has been carried ou with assiduity I
thore U still dllloreuco of opinion about
Klein'H supposed discovery of a newly
-
PKIOE TWO CENTS.
formed crater. The German man of Mm
moon, published lu 1KT8, was a notahle r.
mlr. Lord Kiwse'n Investigation of th
moon's i,mt h work r 8rwa interett t
it shows that at mil moon we ,roelv8 aeiM
wariiilh rrem It, bet ethor luvoithratlens call
""inln luostlen. Prof. Ingley la delBg
very delicate work en this iielut, but hbl con
clusions aru yet In doubt.
AT vveitK en tiik ttu.v.
SubsUmtlal progress has been made wlUl
the prpblem or" thu solar t.arallax. The e
sorMillenol the trausltef Venus, Issi eon.
llrm fermer resulLs. - It I concluded lliit tbe
solar parallax Is about 8 '8, probably lam.
,?'!,,:l,1I,I1Rk0, Jl'u "' ieand!sUncollj,em.
k! r.' ""'jwt te an error of norevor
150,000 mites. Much material has been Bath
prod about sun spete aud thelr periodicity,
hut their relation te the earth is still m
doubt ; it is pretty certain that the condition
or the sun's BtirlAce exerts alight ellect en
our meteorology. The solar heat has been
much Htudled ; calculations had langed
from '2,000 te millions or dogreos. The la
mented Hesettl's calculations liidlcate a solar
teiuierature of 1H,000F. liangley'a study
or solar radiation is a trophy of the docade:
the solar constant must be put as high aa fte
calerics per square metro ier minute. If
the sun s atmesphere w ero romevod lis light
would be strongly blue. Selar photography
has Ikieii carried te high oxcelloiico ; and the
number aud avorage latltude or the nun
spots carefully studied ; Leckyer has made
important observations upon the wldenlne
or the lines of certain elements in the sun
spot fqioctre. Draper's discovery el oxygen
lu the sun ; the maps or tlm solar spectrum
published ; the study of tlie elinmiosphere
and Dreminnnces : of thn hiiii'm nnna an,t
the .-litem nts te Iihoteirranh it In fulMleli). W:
were events of the past ten years touched
ujieu by the address, which was porvaded
thrnugheiit by a hopeful tene of sympathy
w ith theerisLs and Inv ostlgaters.
AVIONd Till! l'l.ANHTH.
It has been determined that within llie or
bit ef.Mercury thore Is no planet as large aa
WW miles, probably net loe j there may be
iutra-Mercurialastetelds ; thore Is llttlenew
te report et Mercury ; Venus attracted much
attention by the study or Its transit iu 1BS2 ;
many new observations wero made; Its
" satellites " se observod are ghosts.
Mut while Venus has gained no moons,
Mars has acquired two both native Ameri
cans, the discoveries or Prof. Hall's brilliant
work at Washington with the new tolescepo;
though very small, their Illumination of the
genesis ami evolution el the plauetary nya
tem Is Important. The surface or Mara has
been much studied, and Its system or canals,
1,000 inlles long and Irem GO te CO mllea
wide. Is firmly established ; the time of rota
tion has been accurately determined.
On May 1, 187H, thu number or known as
teroids was 103 ; new it is '238 ; Fallser, of
Vienna, found la, our ew n Peters 20. The
elder ones are tlul mero Interesting and
larger. The "great red spot or Jupiter " la
11 notahle dlscovery. It Is 30,000 miles la
length nnd 11,000 or 7,000 in width. It has
faded since ltte2, and was clouded with a
whitish mist In l!y)5. Nothing se sUrtling is
reported of Saturn or Noptune. The Uran
lan system has been closely studied at
Washington aud well established. A planet
beyond Noptune Is looked ler and maybe
picked up any time.
Tlie decade has giveu us many comets
I') iu all and au advanceiu knowledge of
theui. The comet of lssi was the llrst ever
photographed ; Isith this and the greater
cometof Itas2 approached very clese te the
sun, and their spectra bocame complex and
Interesting; sodium and prebibly Iren and
calcium wero discovered, lu the Pens.
1 1 reek comet of lbS.1-1, u Neptunian comet
returned te perihelion. The Kussian astron
omer, itredlchim, has brought the mechan
ical and mathematical tsirtieu of the theory
of comets te high perfection. The tails are
probably composed of minute particles of
matter, llrst driven oft by the comet and
then repelled by the sun.
HTUFIV Of MKTKOH3.
Thore has been much study of inetoerio
astronomy .mil firmer ostabllsumeut of the
theery that a meteor swarm is the reault et
a breaking up of a comet. Much has been
dene lu stellar astronomy ; the catalogueof
the Nerthern stars, by titteen observatories,
in progress for twenty yeara is approaching
au euil; and the catalogue of tbe 80,000
Southern stars by Dr. Gould, at Cordova,
who has observed thum all, w.m made la
twelve years, a labor of Hercules. Dr.
reiers, 01 uammeu coiiego, uas puDitsuea v-S
twenty star charts. Stars down te the 11th 3'J
magnitude may new be photographed; und
America has led in the work et astronomical
photography. Photometry has nlmest be.
ceme a new scionce since Is'li. l'ickerlug's
measurement of the brightness et all the
naked eye stars of the Northern hemisphere
marks an epoch ; he is pushing ou. l'rltch
aril el Hugland is at like work.
Kveuts of the docade wero the "temporary
stars." One blazed up iu Cygnua Irem thu
ninth te the second magnitude and then
faded back te the nebulous condition : an
ether apivearetl last fall In the nebula of
Andromeda mid has escaped lolesooplo ob
servation; a third appearetl last December,
lu Orien's club and Is new fading. Our
knowledge of double stars has extended.
Many new observatories have been found
ed, at home and abroad, all equlpiKid with
geed Instruments and apparatus; some in
strunients of great ioiver have been con
structed and old ones Improved. Astrono
mical literature has nourished and new
poiiedlculH have sprung up ; Amerlca's only
distinctive astronomical journal comes from
the Carleteu cellege obsorvatery in Min
nesota; thore Is room for another. la con-
elusion tribute was paid te the astronomers
who have died iu the docade; aud the
votaries of science wero congratulated en the
number of yeuuis men cemimr le their work.
and especially upon the high place which
America has taken iu the development and
study of astrouemy.
The Kxerclses el the Kvenlug.
Iii the cellege chapel this ovenlug Dr. S.
II, Guilferd will make the aliimul addreaa
en " Post-Graduate Study or Natural
Sciences.". It will be follewod by a meeting
of the tilumni. Te-morrow inernlug ten
members of the graduating clasa will deliver
baccalaureate orations iu the chapel.
Taklue (iarllelil's l'lace.
Dr. Lewis II. Stoiuer, librarian of L'uech
1'ralt library, Baltimore, has been elected te
llll the place of Goueral Garileld en the beard
or trustees of Hampton Nermal anil Agri
cultural institute, Hampton, Va. Mr. Kleiner
is a graduate or Marshall college, and the
orator for the centennlal commencement of
lhs7.
The Orlflauime.
Velume IV, of the " Orlllainme," publish
ed by the Juner class, is ou sale ou the cam.
pus te-day and finds many buyers. It Is a
very handsome and comprehouslvo publica
tion, aud rellects credit en its editors.
A. (loud l'lcture.
Tliibvvoek'riii"(rjcr'4 Weekly has an ex
cellent picture or the late Dr. J. W. Neviu.
It was tuade Irem a photograph by Kote and
Is very much llke the one lu thoIwlKbH theIwlKbH
(iKM.'Kit el Meuday, the 7th lust.
Angry at Lancaster Ulcarinaken.
G laser ,fc Frame, tlie Ileadlug cigar manu
facturers who clesed dewu blr weeks age,
throwing 300 hands out of employment, I
.....tun ..r 11,.. laiTariiuikiirtt' strike when ths
llrm refused te uccode te the unleu'a demand) f $ $1
Tuesday. Twelve cigarmakers from Laucatv- J; .
ti, urnrn ilrlvAn tn the fitcterv In cabiL and <. jt utii
neon they were takeu lu the same way te 11 lkJb
leiaim, hnlnl fnrillinuir. A crnwtl rtf nlmnt . r. T?
100 jieople surrounded the factory aud pur 2. '
sued the calm through the streets, crying .-
" Sctdjs," groaning aud iimklug ethor vleleut f'i
demonstrations. ,i ife"
M.,.,.rn. OKArli. nf 41. n flw- ..,..l& ' W7 St
union, is authority for the statement that tb
men who worked in G laser it Frame's fe- Jipi
tery wero brought thore through the lu0U' V
eucti of J.iceb Frymeyer, employed by th 1
llrm te hire "HcalM." They allege Uurt !,.
mover traveled through Lauiafter e"F . ,-; ,
aud lopresentod te the men lhat "",22-A' '
who were out had been dlcusrged ami . .
would be no trouble about tiiem geMV i ;
work. . .w ; s-
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amale aad mrtimUy hm
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tJLUL'iS
roneaoot far elt TWaepa nt
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fug w many chickens lu Mm pMt t
the city. . u , rl J te ;
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