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Volume XVII-Ne. 303..
CLOTHING.
CORDIAL INVITATION t
Is given everybody wUe ceuies te Lancaster,
en business or otherwise,
te call at
Williamson & Fester's
and sec tic preparations they arc making for
the
Fall Trade.
Seme lew cases of
CLOTHING & HATS
have already come in, anil in order te niake
loom Jer all lliat is coming OUR SUMMER
STOCK lias been overhauled and
PRICES REDUCED
te such figures as te force
everything.
the sale of nearly
WILLIAMSON & FOSTER'S
ONE-PRICE HOUSE,
36-38 BAST KING STREET,
LANCASTER. l'A.
s
I'KINC orr.Ni.Ne
H. GERHART'S
New Tailoring EttMmt,
Ne. 6 Ea3t King Street.
1 have Just completed fitting up one of the
Finest Tailoring Establishments te be found
In this Htate. ami am new prepared te show
lny customers n stock el gKds for the
SPRING TRADE.
which ter ijnality. tyie and variety of
Patterns has never been equaled in this city.
1 will keei) and sell no goods w hich I cannot
recommend tn my customers, no matter hew
low in price.
All goods warranted as represented, and
prices :ts low :islhc lowest, at
Ne. 6 Bast King Street,
Novt Doer te tlic New Yerk Stere.
H. GERHART.
N
EW STUCK HIT CLOT1IING
FOR
SPRING 1881,
AT
D. B. Hestettcr & Sen's,
Ne. 24 CENTRE SQUARE.
Having made unusual efforts te bring before
the public a Hue, stylish and well made stock of
READY-MADE CLOTMB,
we are new prepared te show them one of the
most caretullyt-elected stocks of Clothing in
lids city, at the Lewest Cash Prices.
HEX'S, BOYS' AN1 XOUTIIS'
CLOTHING!
IN GREAT VARIETY.
Piece Goods et the Meit Stylish Designs
and at. prices within the reach et allj
S"Give us a call .
D. B. Hostetter & Sen,
24 CENTRE SQMRE.
li i.t
LANCASTER. PA.
astkivh jtjtwit AitviimisisunNT.
k STK1CII r.KOTIIKKS'
LANCASTER BAZAAR,
13 EAST KINO STREET.
We have made" great reductions in every
one of our departments nnd we are closing
out our stock of
Trimmea Hats nl Bennets
AT A GREAT SACRIFICE.
Lace Trimmed Hats, one let ateSc.
Anether let et Fine Hats at 50c.
Bargains In Ombrle shaded Ribbons, Nes. 9,
12, 16, 22, 40, at '.5c, SOc, 3Sc. 44c and fiec a yard.
Large Shetland Shawls nt 73c.
Fine Linen Dusters at $1.
HOOP-SKIRTS.
IS springs, 5 tapes 40c
20 springs, 5 tapes 45c
25 springs, 5 tapes 50c
20 springs, tape Irent GOe
LADIES' UNDERWEAR CHEAP.
CORSETS A SPECIALTY.
PARASOLS LESS THAN COST.
Mesquite Net Canopies $2, including all
Fixtures
Hamburg Edgings and Inscrtings In Swiss,
Lawn and Nainsoek.
Deep Flouncing at 50c, 73c, $1 and $1.23 a yard.
Laces of all kinds at greatly reduced prices.
Lace Cellars ter ladies and children in large
variety, from 10c te $&50 apiece.
Lace Mils and Lisle Gloves greatly reduced
te close out the stock.
Chllds' Pink and Blue Ile, knit, seamless,
fast colors, 2 pair ler 25c.
ASTRICHBKO'S.
VLOTHHfU.
rpa
K BUSINESS OF SELLING CLOTHING
O-AJK ETJLL
Has grown te its present greatness liecause these points are
faithfnlly observed :
IN MAKING.
Te Get the Best Material.
Te Spenge it Properly.
Te Cut it Fashionably.
Te Sew it Thoroughly.
The stock or MEN'S CLOTHING is always kept very full in ussertment, cven te the
end of the season. . , ,
In BOYS' CLOTHING llic Styles and Trimmings-aie net approached by any Clothing
Heuse in the Country. ,. ,
A cordial welcome is ready for all who come, and we expect te sell only when people arc
satisfied in every rcsjivct.
WAMIAKER & BROWN,
OAK HALL, Sixth and Market Sts.,
PHILADELPHIA.
THE LARGEST CLOTHING JfOUSE IX AMUUTCA.
c
CLOTHING
Anyone having neglected or put oil' gelling theiiiM-lves a Sl'UlNG
de well le call at CENTRE HALL, N... 12 EAST KING STREET.
will
MYERS &
The LARGEST CLOTHING HOUSE IN THE STATE OUTSIDE OK PHILADELPHIA. We
are eilering our Stock et
Spring and Summer Goods
At reduced prices. In order te make room ler our coming Fall Stock. If von want a Ready
Made Suit you can be suited for a very small amount el money.
It you preler being measured and having a Suit made te order you can find no better
stock te select lrem and at such prices as will astonish you. indeed the prices aie se low that
no one need go about in a shabby suit these days.
.lust think of it, we can furnish you with
COAT, PANTS AND TEST
te keen cool in, ter the the enormous amount
and a big man tee. C.dl and sec and be suited
cneeil diners, anu we can gunrcuuci; huusi.iuwuu
MYERS & RATHFON.
CENTRE HALL,
Ne. 12 EAST KING STREET,
11
OSENSTKIN'3 ONE PRICE HOUSE.
-:e:-
LAST REDUCTION FOR THIS SEASON.
1.W1I.L 1'ROM THIS DAY ON MAKE TO-ORDER A SUIT Or
CLOTHES, ELEGANTLY TRIMMED, FOR
SIXTEEN -DOLLARS.
A choice et 50 PATTERNS, sold formerly
choice, as we are closing them out very low.
SUMMER COAT, 35 CENTS.
- OUR
Ready-lade Clothing Department
IS STILL STOCKED WITH A GOOD ASSORTMENT.
Our All Weel Suit for $7.50 cannot be Beat; formerly
sold for $10. ' Come and see it.
-:e:-
AL. ROSENSTEIN'S
ONE PRICE HOUSE,
OPPOSITE THE
Ne. 37 NORTH QUEEN STREET,
1HIV
G
tlYLKIL ItOWLKS & HURST!
-:e
MEN'S WEAR ! MEN'S WEAR !
Wc offer special Inducements in above goods in order te kcep our workmen employed.
SS
'j
MADE TO ORDER AT A
We can show you an elegant line of goods,
Gauze Underwear, Jean Drawers, Lisle Thread Hese,
CLOSING OUT AT A
MOSQUITO CANOPIES, in Pink and While, put up promptly without extra charge at
lowest prices.
eSTl'Ieasc give ns a call.
Until September lt wc shall close at ". o'clock, Saturdays excepted.
GIVLER, BOWERS & HURST'S
Dry Goods and Carpet Heuse,
25 EAST KING STREET,
IllON
ritON KITTKKS.
IRON BITTERS!
A TRUE TONIC.
IRON BITTERS are highly'recemmcndcd ter all diseases requiring a certain and effi
cient tonic; especially
INDIGESTION, DYSPEPSIA, INTERMITTENT FEVERS, WANT OP APPE
TITE, LOSS OF STRENGTH, LACK OF ENERGY, &c.
It enriches the bleed, strengthens the muscles, and gives new life te the nerves. It acts
like a charm en the digestive organs, removing all dyspeptic symptoms, such as Tasting the
Feed, Belching, Heat in the Stomach, Heartburn, etc. The only Iren Preparation that will
net ulacken tbe teetli or give headache. Sold by all druggists. Write ter the A B C Reek, "
pp. et useful and amusing reading sent free.
BROWN CHEMICAL COMPANY,
123-iydaw BALTIMORE, MD.
Fer Sale at COCHRAN'S DRUG
street, Lancaster.
AT
IN SELLING.
Te Get the Cash.
Te Have One Price.
Te Pay Back Meney if Unsuited.
Te Guarantoe the Goods.
pi.OTHINGI
OR SUMMER SUIT
RATHFOrl.
of THREE DOLLARS. Yes,
and save, money.. We employ
Y'es, for a man te wear,
tun Of si cxperi-
in ciuij imiuuiuui.
LANCASTER, I'ENX'A.
I)UENVTEINS ONi:
X
rillCK HOUSE
for r, ?2Z, $:e ami $IS. Come early nnd get a
-
GRAPE HOTEL.
LANCASTER, PA.
UOOJih.
G
IIVI.EIE, IIOTOKKS & HURST!
nn;i
!
GREAT REDUCTION.
in the latest styles te select from.
GREAT SACRIFICE.
:e:-
LANCASTER, PA.
XlTTJiJtS.
TltON ltlTTEKS.
SURE APPETISER.
STORE, 137 and 139 North Queen
Beys
LANCASTER, PA., MONDAY AUGUST 22. 1881. .
Lancaster Jntelltgeucer.
MONDAY EVENING, AUGUST 22,1881.
EVE OF THE REBELLION.
JUDGE fal.ACK'S KKCOLLECTIONS.
Contributions te
Cenl emporaneeus
Ilig-
tery.
Tn the second interview with Jud:
e
Black, published in the Press, he says :
" Let no mail say that I want te cast
any aspersions upon General Scott. He
never did or said anything te provoke per
sonal resentment in me. On the contrary,
he Uattcred ine te the top of my bent, and
sometimes beyond that. I mentioned his
name te you only because it was necessary
recxpliiu the occasion of the letter te
him. I de net knew whether he was
true le the Union or net, for I never dis
cussed the subject with him. I took it
for granted that he was. Buchanan always
told me that he was, and the Southern
men about Washington at the time always
spoke of him as their enemy, or as one
who could be easily made se. But one
thing I de knew, that he always seemed
te be in the way of lelicving Fert Sumter.
I never urged this relief upon the presi
dent without being met by some counter
advice, which the presideut said he had
get from General Scott. Mr. Buchanan
put the question distinctly te me,
en ene occasion : "De you think
I ought te act upon a sugges
tion of yours, or. a military question, in
opposition te the general-in chief of the
army?" "Te which I said : "Ne; cer
tainly net. If Getier.il Scott will take the
open responsibility, and declare in writing
that the feit cannot be relieved and that
you ought net te try. I will instantly
cease all my entreaties. I will net even
argue the question. At this conversation
Toticey was present. He had said that
neither the Brooklyn nor the Macedonian
could get into the harbor, and I told him
that I would take that for true if he would
put his assertion or that fact in writing,
te go upon record, lie refused te de se.
I then told the president that it was unfair
'for him te be acting upon oral advice from
the secretary of the navy and the general
of the -army, for which they were unwil
ling te m.skb themselves responsible. But
I thought I could get the general en paper,
though I had failed with Toucey and for
that purpose 1 addressed him the letter
which you published ; but that was a
water-haul, tee. My construction of Gen
eral Scott's conduct al this period was net
nearly as severe as that of ethers. Mr.
Stanten often said that no man en this con
tinent was se chargeable for the war as
General Scott. When I say that I have
no resentment against him. I mean none
en my own account. I confess I cannot
think without indignation of the false,
unprovoked assault which he made upon
Buchanan- after the close of his adminis
tration." " It is, or at least has been, believed by
nearly all persons of all classes throughout
the ceuutry, that you advised against the
power of tiic general government te step
secession by coercion. Arc you awaic of
that?"
"Certainly I knew this. But I never
wrote a line or uttered a word te give the
least excuse for it. It is a pure invention,
and, I admit, a very successful one. It
made its impression en my political hiends
as well as mv enemies. Whenever I have
said a word in favor of constitutional! tucrty
or nttninntcd te vindicate the right of a
state or an individual, the repetition of
this preposterous charge lias been thought
a geed way te weaken arguments which
could net be otherwise overthrown. Even
my opposition te the fraudulent election
returns of 1870 was met in that way, and
it sceaicd te be somewhat extensively
thought that, having made se serious a
blunder about coercion, I had forfeited the
privilege which I might otherwise have
had te find fault with the forgery aud per
jury whicli defeated the right of the nation
te elect its own president."
" Why did you net contradict it?"
I did contradict it many times. But
any kind of explanation was certaiu te
draw down the most unjust abuse upon
Buchanan, from which I ceukl net relieve
him without coupling an elaborate vindi
cation of him with my own defense, and
this I was net in a condition te de. He
assigned that duty te ether hands, which
failed utterly, and as yet it has net been
done by anybody. Therefore I have gener
ally contented myscll with a liac ucntai,
which was net mild enough le turn away
the wrath of enemies nor full enough te
satisfy friends. New I will show you hew
this embarrassment came te exist.
" Mr. Buchanan m his annual message
set forth clearly and distinctly his convic
tion that the executive could enforce the
laws in the seceded states as fully as in the
adhering states ir Congress would giyc
him the means. But he believed that
neither he nor Congress could declare or
carry en war against a state, making all the
people public enemies aud subjecting them
all te death and spoliation, without icgard
te their persona! fault or innocence. But
he chose te put this expression of his
opinion upon that point into a shape which
I objected te at the time. He said he did
net "believe that the United States could
' coerce a state bv force of arms te remain
in the Union.' As a legal preposition this
was true ; force of arms could net be used
against a state of the Union ; the coercive
power te execute the laws must be ap
plied te the individuals who oppeso it. I
told him that this expression would be
read superficially and misunderstood. He
did net think se neither did ether mem
bers of the cabinet. Gen. Cass was stieng
for its retention. But my prediction was
verified. Still, the picsident continued te
use it in ether papers aud in conversation.
When he used it in his answer te the
Seuth Carolina commissioners I made a
dead point against it. If you will leek at
my memorandum for the president you
will see the issue as sharply defined as
possible. Here it is :
" Fourth. The words ' coercing a state
by force of arms te remain in the Confed
eracy, a power which I de net beliove the
constitution lias cenfencd en Congress,'
ought certainly net be retained. They are
tee vague, aud might have the effect
(which I am sure the president does net
intend) te mislead the commissioners con
cerning his sentiments. The power te de
feud the public property, te resist the as
sailing force which unlawfully attempts
te drive out the troops of the United
States from ene of the fortifications, and
te use military and naval forces for the
purpose of aiding the proper officers of the I
United States in the execution et tuc laws,
this, as far as it gees, is coercion, and may
very well be called coercing a state by
force of arms te remain in the uuien.' The
president has always asserted his right of
coercion te that extent. H merely de
nies the right of Congress te make offen
sive war upon a state of the union, as
such might be made upon a foreign gov
ernment." "Can auythingbe mere palpably false
than the accusation that I opposed ceer
cien or advised against it as uncenstitu-
tienal
? If the men who made it and kept
I it afloat by repeating it se many years had
charged me with any ether oSfense against
law or common sense it might have been
plausible. But this is made net only
without evidence, but in the face of over
whelming evidence te the contrary.
" Mr. Cobb was conscientiously, and,
upon principle thorough Secessionist. We
argued the subject often, radically dis
agreeing. Once, in my office, I proposed a
practical way of putting an end te the con
troversy. I would write down in a few
words my belief and submit it te the presi
dent, who was the only man above us. If
he should say I was wrong I would resign
in five minutes, and Mr. Cobb should re
tire if the president should decide against
him. It never struck me that there was
anything offensive in this preposition, or I
certainly would net hav made it. ne
did net fly into any rage, but it hurt him,
and he said that he did net feel insulted
only because he knew that I intended no
insult. Of couse, I hastened te disclaim
all disrespect ; for notwithstanding our
differences of opinion, even upon that
great and vital questieu, I was his ardent
friend. Ne one who knew him, cither as
a co-worker or an opponent, could help re
specting him. He was honorable, upright
aud sincere, true te his convictions, per
fectly faithful te his duties a3 he under
stood them, and a man of great intel
lectual ability. What you say about
Thompson is quite crroneous. He
was very far fiem being ' a prominent
Union man.' It is true that he saw the
wrong and danger of secession, but he
was thoroughly convinced that if his state
decided te go out he was morally and
legally bound te go with her, and endure
all the disasters that might fellow. This
belief was inculcated with se much vigor,
carnestucss aud ability, aud was accepted
by Southern men se generally, that it be
came a kind of superstition. Mr. Davis
shared it fully, and though he was in the
breechiirg, and held back all he could, he
was dragged out ; at least I was satisfied,
from his own declarations, that he was in
that attitude. But I had se high an opin
ion of his judgment, prudence and sense"
of duty that I thought I could convince
hiui of his error. Therefore I went with
Mr. Thompson te his house, and the talk
lasted till late in the night. He listened
with great patience, for he knew, and said
he knew, that I did net participate in
these feelings of enmity te the Southern
people whicli he was afraid would break
out iu violent hostility when the Abolition
ists get possession of the federal govern
ment, and which had already been mani
fested iu divers ways. Of course, I recol
lect but little besides the general tenor of
the conversation. I held that what the
Southern men of that time called
'allegiance' te the state was an
absurdity; that the word was a
feudal ene and expressed the duty of a
vassal te his lord. It had no proper place
in our political vocabulary. Obedience te
the lines is the duty of the American citi
zen.' Federal and state laws are of equal
obligation, assuming them te be net ex
pressly or impliedly forbidden by the con
stitution. If the federal government shall
act epprcsssively aud tyrannically upon
the people of a state you may have the
right of revolution, but the legal right of
secession has no existence, and when yen
make this movement against the federal
government you should plainly avow it te
be a revolution, and be prepared te take
the consequences. Then you would have
te state te a candid world the reasons
which impel you te a separation. At pres
ent you have no reasons. Yeu have suf
fered no actual injury at the hands of
anybody for whom the government is re
sponsible. If you stand steadily te your
pests inside of the Union, what can the
administration de te hurt you? We have
a judiciary, a Heuso of Representatives
which may be trusted for the present at
least, aud a strong majority in the Senate,
whicli cannot possibly be chauged for
the next four years. If lie attempts
te use his executive power for a
purpese merely lawless lie will net have
the support of a corporal's guard te sus
tain him. Hew can you think of foregoing
the?e great advantages for the doubtful
chances of secession ? But reflect upeu the
condition in which you place us. These
Abolitionists are even mere rancorous
against us thau against yen. If you go
out you leave us te their mercy. We can
net but remember the warning which we
have received from all our great public
men netablyMr. Clay aud Mr. Webster
that if that faction gets possession of su
preeo power it will break down all the
defenses of life, liberty and property.
North and Seuth. Without your aid and
assistance in keeping them within limits
we have a terrible bad prospect before us.
But if we de net desert one another our
moral and political power united will be
sufficient te save us. Yeu see it is net
meicly a sentimental attachment
te the Union, or only a love for the coun
try of Washington aud Jacksen, or friend
ship te you, or sympathy with your pee
ple, or lcvcrcnce for the great men of the
Seuth, who fought our battles and settled
our iiisl Hut ions ; these are all felt by the
Northern Democracy, and we dislike the
thought of separation for all these rea
sons." " Te all this Mr. Davis had an ansvrer.
What I said did net seem te make much
impression upon him. He was thoroughly
grounded in his theory of secession. He
felt certain that it was tee late te resist
the tide, aud se did Mr. Thompson. Some
thing like the hortatory sentence which
your informant puts into my month may
have been uttered about the clese of the
conversation, but I think that it is tee
rhetorical te have beeii used upon se grave
an occasion.
" Having mentioned the name of Mr.
Thompson, I ought te say that the most
infamous slander ever uttered against any
public man in this country was the charge
against him of abstracting bends belong
ing te the Indian trust fund. He was and
is a man of unspotted integrity ; a com
mittee of his enemies declared that in this
transaction he was entirely faultless, and
yet the accusation is continually repeated
for the gratification el marc political
malice."
"What of Mr. Buchanan?"
" I am net new engaged in defending
his character. That ta3k has been as
signed te his biearrapher, who lias all the
materials necessary te a complete vindica
tion. Mr. Curtis is new engaged upon the
work. I have seen some of the chapters,
and I de net doubt that he will make it an
eminent success. Te charge him with un
faithfulness te the Union is the foulest
slander that ever was uttered. Te say
that he was influenced by auy feeling akin
te personal fear or that he ever acted or
forebero te act without the sanction of
his conscience is an outrage upon truth
tee gross te be endured. He had faults.
But what faults may net be forgiven te'a
man of great ability and pure integrity
who spent the best years of hiB life in the
public service? He was as honest a patriot
as ever lived, and no man ever sat in the
presidential chair who knew better than
he did hew te enforce the respect due te
himself and his office. Perhaps no
calumny that was uttered against him hurt
his feelings or injured his character mere
thau that by which he was represented as
being bullied and dragooned by Stanten
and ethers. Stanten never but once ven
tured beyond the line of mere obsequious
ness, and then was driven back te his
place cowering under the lash of the presi
dent's reprimand."
"Buchanan did net reinferce the forts
in Charclsten harbor. Was that an error ?"
" Yes, certainly. I have a right te con
demn it, because I said it was wrong at the
time, and acted accordingly all through ;
but does it lie in the mouth of his political
enemies te find fault with him for that or
any ether emission te place the country in
a better state of defense against the seces
sionists? When he told Congress what
the true state of the Union was aud that
the means at the disposal of the executive
were altogether inadequate te check the
rising revolution they sat silent and un
moved. When he called upon them for
help, which they alone could give, they
answered him with insult aud vituperation.
They admitted that the exposition of the
law and definition of his powers which he
made were perfect! y correct, but the needed
legislation te enlarge them was net passea.
On the contrary, all bills looking te the
increase of the force at his command were
either voted down or smothered iu com
mittee. When he nominated the collector
et the pert at Charleston, lie tendered
thein a practical issue which the Senate
evaded by letting the nomination
lie en the table until Mr. Lin
coln came in and withdrew it. Mr. Lin
coln himself en his way te the capital let
it bu distinctly understood that lie was as
much avcrse te a war as Mr. Buchanan
was. In his inaugural address he declared
that he would net only forbear all hostile
actions, but lie would uet even execute
the laws or attempt te retake any of the
public property which the secessionists
had already unlawfully appropriated, but
if they would let him he would carry the
mails' for thorn. He invited the negotia
tions which Buchanan had repelled, and
he tampered and temporized and vacillated
about surrendering Fert Sumter. His
cabinet voted six te eue in favor of the
surrender, and his secretary of state
pledged his faith te give it up. Whcu
Mr. Lincoln at Inst refused te execute this
pledge, Seward, in an underhand way, did
all that he could te prevent the success of
the relieving expedition. These facts be
ing perfectly well known, what are we te
think of the men who charge Buchanau
with treachery or timidity and in the same
breath laud Lincoln ami his administra
tion as fiithful and firm ? But these are
topics upon which it is net my business
te dilate at present. I liepj and beliove
that Mr. Curtis will lay the case in full
before the country."
After Lincoln's election Buchanan asked
tue
whether the arguments which had
been used te favor the right of secession
long age in New England and Seuth Caro
lina had made any impression ou my mind.
I replied, ' Nene whatever.' He said he
was extremely glad that I did net believe
the federal compact te be like an article
of partnership between private persons
which could be dissolved by any one who
was dissatisfied and wished te retire from
the business. I asked him hew he could
suppose that such au absurdity could get
into my head ? He said it had get into
the heads of ether men who were very
sound thinkers en ether subjects aud he
instanced Mr. Rawle, of 'Philadelphia.
But he said, ' Ne matter for that, we are
in accord aud that is enough. It is .easy
te demonstrate that this secession theory
is utterly without any logical or legal
foundation. He said he was net without
confidence that he could make the tiuth
tee clear te be resisted by the Seutheru
men themselves. ' New, anethar question :
Shall I immediately issue a proclamation,
or shall I present my views upon that sub
ject in my annual message te Congress ?'
I replied, ' Rescrve yourself for the mes
sage,' whicli he said he would de. I knew
net what he may have said te ethers, but
the Southern men in the cabinet sccnied
te have seme hope that he would give
them a show down te the time when his
message was prepared. Gen. Cass had
sonic fears, but when the first draft of the
message was read te the cabinet lie was se
overcome with joy that he shed tears. Mr.
Cobb took it very hard and almost inline
diately resigued.
IJ.iker, lilacu and lSuc.mnaii.
Iu an interview with Mr. Jeseph Baker,
formerly of this county, and new of Phila
delphia, an intimate friend of Mr. Buchan
an and under him collector el the pert, a
Press reporter represents him as saying :
"Judge Black seems te have taken credit
te himself for the initial'stepa that asserted
the dignity and integrity of the nation.
He said that Mr. Buchanan was timid,
undecided.' These are equally fallacious.
He was constitutionally a very courageous
man, and if lie ever showed any indecision
it may be attributed te circumstances
inore harassing and difficult than had sur
rounded any executive since the nation was
instituted. " I went te Washington en Dec.
2G, the day it became known that Majer
Andersen had evacuated Fert Moullrie
and transferred his command te Fert Sum
ter. It precipitated a very grave crisis,
ami ene whicli the president had been us
ing all his authority and diplomacy te
ave'd. Iu the excited condition of feeling
in Seuth Carolina, the act was there re
garded asenc of hostility, and ii also called
forth the latent dillercnces in the
cabinet which had for months been
scattering thorns in the president's
path. Cass had already quit the cabinet
because the force.s in Charleston Harber
had net been strengthened, an:! Cobb and
Thompson had also resigned, because the
president would make no pledge te the
seceding state net te strengthen these for
tifications. The ether fraction of the pres
ident's advisers counseled that secession
was unconstitutional, but that sovereign
states could uet be coerced. The presi
dent told me at the time that his cabinet
troubles gave him mere annoyance than
the political situation did. It is well te
remember that whatever act originated
witli the president was contemptuously
discussed by both extremists, and even the
dismissal of a cabinet officer would have
been unfavorably constructed. I have rea
son te believe that Secretary Cass would
have withdrawn his resignation some days
after its acceptance, and even visited the
president, in company witli Judge Black,
te ciFcct that purpose, but was se coldly
received that the overture was net repeat
ed. This event occurred after he became
convinced that the president was deter
mined te assert the national control of the
forts, arsenals, custom heusesand ether
public property.
"In this determination President Buch
anan never wavered. He saw the drift
toward war much mero clearly than any
public man of whom I have knowledge.
He was very averse te accepting the nomi
nation, because he apprehended that the
civil strife which he knew impending
would culminate during his administra
tion. I frequently heard him say, even be
fore the canvass which elected him, that
the sectional feeling must inevitably re
sult in war and bloodshed. He was
thoroughly acquainted with Southern feel
ing and their expectations of bloodless
withdrawal, bat he thoroughly understood
the Northerd temper as well, aud that a
hostile act, coming from Southern sources,
would arouse the Northern people en
masse. That was the problem that
confronted him. Cabinet differences
were subsidiary te that, but it is easy
te marK turougueuc uis auis new
steadily he kept in view his purpose te I
TnainUHU IUU clUliMUllbJ VI IU? JJUl-ilUW-iUli,
Price Tire Gnts.
Judge Black, no doubt, thinks honestly
that the determination te reinforce Sum
ter was due in a measure te his argu
ments. I believe that the act was deter
mined upon before his opinion as attorney-general
or secretary .of state was
asked. In the inharmonious relations of
the cabinet, the president wa3 accus
tomed te ask many questions for adviee
which masked his design?. He nwyhave
even employed, duplicity, or, as it is some
times called, diplomacy, in calling eat the
real sentiments of his advisers. In his
determination te succor Fert Sumter he
was opposed by many eminent citizens of
opposite political faith. In fact
Greeley, Sumner, and the extremists
of the Abolitionists, steed almost as
one iu advocating it. Se ward and ether
eminent Republicans ceunselled the with
drawal of the troops. The extreme seces
sionists of Seuth Carolina were simply
afraid that it would be dene and that they
thus would be deprived of a very powerful
lever in prying ether cotton states from
their allegiance The fact is that he made
particular confidants of none of his cabinet
officers. As Cobb enca said, We wcre
much like a let of boys. ' He heard them
and acted upeu their advice it it accorded
with his views, contrarily if it did net suit
him. As far as the attacks made by Gen.
Scott subsequently were concerncd they
wcre the drivel of a man iu his dotage.
He was regarded by the people as the
ablest general of the ceuutry, and this im
pression was se strong that the Nerthern
people would have rcgartled his retirement
au act designed te strengthen the hands of
the disunieuists. As seen as his incapa
city was proved Presideut Lincoln had no
difficulty in retiring him. It would have
been construed an act of treason in his
predecessor. "
Mr. Baker says that President Buchanau
would undoubtedly have asserted the na
tional authority by force of arms if war
had been precipitated during his adminis adminis
trWReu, but hesitated te commit any overt
act in that delicate time. He desired te
deliver ever the government as he found
it, and iu communications during tl-.e
early stages of the war, Stanten, aud Lin
coln himself, commended the policy pur
sncd.by President Buchanau.
Judge mack's Krjeiiuler.
Mr. Baker quotes me as saying that Jlr.
Buchanan was "timiTl and undecided."
Net a word of that kind ever fell from
Judge Black's lips, and nothing like it was
ever reported by the writer who prepared
the interview from whicli MrJ Baker pro
fesses te quote. m
"I never," said Judge Black, "said or
thought that I was the central figure of
Mr. Buchanan's administration. Mr.
Buchanan was himself net only the central
but the only figure. It is true that Mr.
Buchanan was constitutionally fearless and
firm, even te stnbberuess. He listened
sometimes very patiently while he was
making up his mind, but when once deter
mined he was immovable as a rock. After
three days aud three nights of discussion
en the answer that was te be given ou the
Seuth Carolina commissioners, he produced
what he said was the reply lie had decided
upon. I and all of us supposed that te be
the end of i t. T. have never been mere sur
prised in my life than I was when the next
day he yielded unconditionally and allowed
me te change that paper radically. He
had never before, te my knowledge; given
up an opinion ence formed. He was in
the habit of acting upon his own convic
tions, unmoved by the influences of any
body whomsoever. That is what made him
asMr.Thomassayshardtegetalongwith.'
Mr. Baker, however, dishonors him when
lie charges him with duplicity in dealing
with his cabinet officers. He was never
guilty of falsehood that I knew of. I
think Mr. Baker had his unreserved confi
dence, and it may be that I had net. That
may account for Mr Baker's knowledge of
administration secrete which were con
cealed from me, but I have for twenty
years been held responsible for nearly
every tiling that was done, which is unjust
if Mr. Baker was the motive power of the
administration. There is ene passage,
however, in the history of thatadniinistra thatadniinistra
tien of which Mr. Baker is profoundly
ignorant, and that is, everything that re
lates te the demand of the Seuth Carolina
commissioners and the answer it received.
There is no use in Mr. Baker trying te
thrust himself into this afiair. He is net
well enough posted te misrepresent Mr.
Buchanan or me with the least chance of
success.
Indigestion.
The main cati-e el nervousness is indiges
tion, and that Is cuwl by weakness of the
stomach. Ne one can have sound nerves and
geed health without using Hep Hitters te
strengthen the stomach, purify the bleed unit
keep the liver and kidneys active, te carry off
all the poisonous and waste matter et thesvs
tem. bee ether column. anlft'Jwd&w
Jeseph D'lrrinlurger. Rreadway. iluffate,
was induced by his brother e try Themas Kc
Iectric Oil for a sprained ankle; and with halt
a dozen applications he was enabled te walk
round again all right. Fer sale at II. it. Coch Cech
ran's drug store, l:;7Xerth Queen street, I.an
c:tti. Kidney Complaint Cured.
R. Turner, Rochester, N. V., write : I have
been for ever a year subject te serious dis
order of the kidneys, and etteu unable te at
tend te business; I procured your Rurdeclc
Weed Hitters and was relteved berore half a
bottle was used. 1 Intend te continue, as I
feel eenlldent that they will entirely euro mc."
I'rice $1. Fer sale at II. II. Cochran's drug
store, 137 North Queen street. Lancaster.
Mr. Riirenstcln, Rosten, Mass., writes:
' Your Spring I5Iosem has cured me of dys
pepsia, orfeur (4) years standing. I have re
gained my normal appetite, can sleep well and
leel like a new man." I'rice te cents. Fer sale
at II. 15. Cochran's Drug Stere, 1-7 North Queen
vtrect, Lancaster.
tuutjaiAitKS, Sit;.
Carriages I Carnages !
AT
EDGE11LEY & CO.'S,
Praclicai Can luge Bnllders,
M arket Street, Rear of Central Market Houses,
Lancaster, 1'a.
We have en hand a Large Assortment of
BUGGIES AND CARRIAGES,
Which we offer at the
VERY LOWEST PRICES.
All work warranted, uivc ns a call
. 47 Repairing promptly attended te. d
One set of workmen especially employed f r
hat purpose. 'navtfdAw
CUIN A AJflt ULAS8WAMI..
UI1NA 1IALL..
JELLY TUMBLERS.
JEZLY TUMBLERS.
COM. TUMBLERS,
COM.
TUMBLERS.
MASON FRUIT JARS.
1.2C0 ODD CCI'S.
AT
HIGH & MARTIN'S,
15 BAST KINO STREET.
A-
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