lh
t mtMk$
LANCASTER PA., FRIDAY. DECEMBER 3, 1880
Volume XVH-Ne. 80.
Price Tire Gemte.
h
.JOHX WANAMAKEB'S STOBE.
THE HOLIDAYS AT
JOHN VST AN AMAKER'S,
CHESTNUT, THIRTEENTH
AND CITY HALL SQUARE, PHILADELPHIA.
flMIE HOLIDAYS.
X There is nowhere In Philadelphia se vai led a
collection et rich goods as here such us fath
ers, mothers, brothers, slaters. levers, leek for
a littic'later. ,. .,
Thure is nil end even of Gilt.--. Our collection
la large enough and rich enough, one would
suppose, even fcr a less frugal city than
i'hiladelphia. These goods nie are new at the
helghtef thclrglery. The choicest of them are
here; ethers will come of course ; but the
choicest are going.
What is equally te the purpose, buyers are
new about as many as can be comlertauly
served, and the throng will le denser every
fair day till Christmas. ...... ....
JOHN WAXAMAKtlt.
rivnLKT FUltXISIIIXG.
X Sachets, tidies, lamp-shades, pincushions.
boxes, in satin and plush, embroidered and
,,:li"U,K JOHN WAXAMAKKK.
Flivd circle, southwest Trem the centre.
JLi Duchcsse vest with Point medallions, $T0 ;
the same may be seen elsewhere at $70.
JO!!X iVAXAMAhti:.
Nine counters, soul Invest from the centre.
Ctf.OCKir.
1JS5 telMi.C,.lliiuraiil'iil.
JOHN WAXAMAKKK.
City-hall. square cntru.'.tc.
fPOYf.
X New room, new toy-..
JOHN WAXAMAKKK.
Ouler circle, west erihii Chestnut street en
trance. BOOKS.
A catalogue el books may be had at the
book counter. We want i.very reader te have
it. The list el children's holiday books is es
pecially complete,
1 i ' MlUS WAXAMAKKK.
Second counter, northeast from the centre.
r A DIES' 1'IATKKS.
j There are two general styles, one. clescl
ul I lie back, the et her open : the latter is known
juceachmaii's.st vie. In detail et trimming Ihere
is great variety though there Is also marked
dmpllcltv. tSrcat variety in cloths tee. ffi.jO
te.
Cloaks, tercign and lieme-maile. Our collec
tion is unprecedented,'.! hether you regard va
rlet v, fiiianlity or value. A lady who buys a
clenic et any seit in Philadelphia without
looking these ever misses the best assortment,
iieihaiw. in the whole country. 9CM te Hs-XM.
1 l ' .lelIN WAXAMAKKK.
Southeast corner et the building.
-f 1SSKS' COATS. , ,
JJ1 Mises' coats in mere than 7 cloths,
shapes and decoration beyond counting.
Sizes 2 te IB years.
Ulstercltes in ." cloths ulsters In 8 cloths ttnd
jiaveleekx in cloths. Sizes C te Hi.
.IOIIX WAXAMAKKK.
Seuthuest corner et the building.
UXDEUWKAK AXD HOSIERY.
We have the best goods the weild affords,
and the next best, and the next, and seen.
There is no place anywhere, where you can
see he large a collection et the different grades
et goods, all passing for what they are, and
nothing ter what it is net, cotton ler cotton,
mixed ter mixed, wool for wool, silk ter silk.
.IOIIX WAXAMAKKK.
Outer ciirle. Chestnut street, entrance te
Thirteenth street entrance.
JTVMI'.KOIDKKIKS.
ll Xew Embroideries are already in. Our
stock is new In the condition you expect te
lind It In at Xew Year's, , e. the spring novel nevel
,ics are here. JOIIS WANAMAKKU.
Third circle, southwest Hern the centie.
CAUI'ETS.
The choicest luxurious carpets; the most
substantial carpets: the lowest prices: punc
tual service. .IOIIX WAXAMAKKK.
Market street front, up stairs.
S1I.KS.
Evening silks In the Arcade, cast side.
The same and many ether patterns are within.
.IOIIX WAXAMAKER.
Xext outer circle, southeast from the centre.
IMRROIDERIES.
ll Our next spring's novelties in embroi
deries are just new received; they usually
come at Xew Year's.
IOIIX W AX A M AK ER.
Xexteuter circle, seuthwi-st from theccntrc.
LACES.
Laces change daily. Our sales are large,
our variety always large, and but little of any
one sort. "Compare prices. A quarter below
the market is net uncommon.
JOHN WAXAMAKER.
Xine counters, seiithwcst from the centre.
w
KAl'S.&C. ,.
alien a sieck ei foreign i-iuau u- mm-
.leliihia has net bcler
ere seen, 5111 te -.-.; snawis
ii..i-1iv-- ilti-smM nn stairs.
J .IOIIX WAXAMAKER.
Southeast corner el the building.
I "MIPS
Furs efalUlfrt arc going fast. They went
last last year and advanced in price as the sea sea
beii advanced. They arc going up again. A c
shall net raise prices till wc have te buy. Ex
pect te lind here whatever you want, lrem a
bttettrimmlngup. jms WAXAMAKl:R.
Thirteenth street entrance.
COATS AXD ULSTERS FOR CHILD REX.
Xet se sn-at variety ns for ladies: but
much larger than anywhere else here.
Coats, i! te C years; in thirty different -materials,
drab, blue and brown cords with lleecy
black ; cellar and cuffs et plush ; also in ten
camel's hair cloth, trimmed with scal-cleth.
Coats, 4 te 1 years : in thirty cloths trim,
nied with plain stitching, plush, seal cloth,
chinchilla fur anil velvet, $2 te -Jin.
Ulstcretles, te 1C years ; In live cloths, with
seal cloth cellar and cuff-. ,,..., . .
Ulsters, C te Ifi years ; in eight cloths, trim
med with plush stitching, lioed and plush.
Havelecks. 4 te lfi years : two styles.
JOHN' WAXAMAKER.
BOYS' CLOTHING. ,
Our trade isjnst what it ought te be for
the tacllitiesand advantages we enjoy.
.IOIIX WAXAMAKER.
Eastel central aisle, near "Market street.
CHINA AXD GLASSWARE.
Tackloeng prcclatn, plates only, for din
ner or dessert, live patterns, $- tef.M)per
dozen.
Haviland dinner sets: Cannlle pattern, $140;
elsewhere, $200. Tressed, $140; else where, $200.
Trcscd with Moresque border and decoration
of gwsscs and butterflies. flSTi : clsewhcic,
27e. The latter is in the Arcade, Chestnut
street entrance, te-day.
Table glassware, English, Strawberry-diamond
cut : every article required ,or t,ic t:ll,,c
useful or ornamenial.env WASAMAKKR
Xerthwcst corner et the building.
PLUSH HAND-BAGS.
And a great variety of ether ktniK Alse
pocket books, cmbreidei-cd leather card cases,
cigar cases, and everything in leather goods.
.IOIIX WAXAMAKER.
Third circle northwest from centre.
Chestnut, Thirteenth and Market streets,
and City Hall sqpare.
JOHN WANAMAKER,
Chestnut, Thirteenth and Market Streets,
And City Hall Square, Philadelphia.
MABBZ.A. WQBKS.
WM. P. FRAILEY'S
MONUMENTAL MARBLE WORKS
"! B8 Nertn y ueen Street, iAncaster , Pa.
MONUMENTS. HEAD AND FOOT STONES,
GARDEN STATUARY,
CEMETEKr LOTS ENCLOSED, Ac.
All work guaranteed and satisfaction g en
in every particular.
X. B. Remember, works at the extreme end
et North Queen street. ui3u
AND MABKET STREETS,
GIFTS GIFTS
Te buy Holiday Gllte early is geed ad
vice : The best trade is early ; and the best
trade carries off the be9t things. ......
JOHX WAXAMAKER.
ALFRED WRIGHT'S PEWUMES.
HIS Mary Stuart la probably the most
lasting of all the agreeable perfumes; none or
the foreign ones approach it. It Is very rich,
strong and full of life; It Is agreeable te mere
persons, probably, than any ether perfume.
Wild Olive is next in popularity ; this also
Is singularly powerful and lasting. White
Rec is delicate and lasting.
We keep the preferred odors or all the llrst
class perlumers, such as Lubln. Bailey, Atkin
son and Coudray ; lint of Alvrxd V rieht's we
keep all,
Brlnff an unnerfumed handkerchief; and
you shall have a sample of any odor you wish.
.IOHX WANAMAKF.lt.
First circle, northwest from the center.
C10LORED DRESS GOODS.
The following, just received, are away
down In prices : French Camel's hair, 47 inch.
$0.75 and .85; French cheviot suiting. sUk and
wool, 45 Inch, $0.75; French feule, all wool, 28
Inch, $0.28.
By looking out for such opportunities a lady
may often save halt.
JOHN WANAMAKER.
Xlne counters, Thirteenth street entrance.
BLACK GOODS.
A lady wanting any or the following will
be obliged for the mention or them ; Silk and
wool. Satin de Lyen, 85 cents; silk faced
veleurs, $1; meinie cloth, 75 cents ; damasse
(Iran d' cte, $1.50 ; damassc cashmere, $1.25.
All the prices except the first are probably
lielew the cost of manufacture, and even the
tlrst may be.
JOHX WANAMAKER.
Xext outer circle, southwestlrem the center.
riMlIMMlXG FOR DRESSES AXD CLOAKS.
JL Our trade requires the largestand freshest
stock of these goods, fringes.passcuionterie or
naments, girdles, tassels, spikes, rings, balls,
buttons. We have novelties net te be found
anywhere else.
JOHX WAXAMAKER.
Xe.xtouterciicle.nerthwcstfroin the center.
SHAWLS, &e.
A few shawls arc shown In the Arcade ;
gentlemen's dressing gowns and smoking
Jackets In the same case. Mere are within.
JOHX WANAMAKER.
Kubtefthc Chestnut street entrance.
1?URS.
" Our work-room Is rull or preparation, se
lull that wc cannot crowd it faster. We nave
ready, also, a large stock of finished garments,
fur and fur lined.
Wc have sacques and dolmans in sealskin
dyed in Londen wc have none but London Lendon Londen
dyed seal. We have them in great numbers,
ami, of course, in all sizes including extremes.
Prices, from $125 te $250.
Londen controls the seal market et the
world. There have been two advances In
price since our furs were bought. We shall
net advance till wc have te buy again ; we
have net advanced at all, as yet.
We have, at $IG5, seal sacques such as you
will leek In vain for elsewhere at the price.
Fur lined circulars and dolmans in very
great varicrv. We use mostly Satin de Lyen,
gres-grain, annure and brocade silk and bicll
iennc ; ter mourning, Henrietta and Drap
I'Ete. The latter are made te order only.
We have everything worth having in sets,
trimmings, robes, gloves, caps and the thou-saud-and-enc
little tilings that are kept in the
eempletest lists.
JOHN WAXAMAKER.
Thirteenth street entrance.
SKIRTS.
Felt, all colors anil variety et styles, 50c te
$1.25 ; flannel, black, blue, gray, brown and
scarlet, $2.5) te $5.75; satin, black, $1.75 te
$10.50 ; satin, blue, scarlet, brown and black,
$12.50 te $20 ; Italian cloth, black, $1.25 te $5.
The variety is very great.
JOHX WANAMAKER.
Southwest corner of the building.
BOYS' OVERCOATS.
Netice these two samples:
Blue chinchilla sack, velvet cellar and de
tachable cape, lined with Farmer's satin, horn
buttons, $G.50, Is there another such coat for
$0.50 " Wc have sold hundreds et them.
Brown-red-and-old-geld diagonal ulsterette
soft wool lining, sleeves lined with a durable
silk-straped fabric, horn buttons, $8.30.
These are but but specimens of many. If
they seem inviting, ethers mav be mere se.
See them. JOHN' WAXAMAKER.
Central aisle, next te the outer circle, Mar
kct street side.
RIBBONS AXD MILLINERY.
Ribbons and Millinery, you knew, we
have much mere of than any ether beuse.
JOHX WANAMAKER.
North of Thirteenth street entrance.
1XEXS.
A very great variety et the finest linens,
a very great variety et staple linens, anil the
lowest prices in I'hiladelphia.
JOHN WANAMAKER.
Outer circle, City Hall Square entrance.
LINEN HANDKERCHIEFS.
Xew goods just received from abroad. We
have, without doubt, the richest and fullest
stock en this side of the Atlantic. We buy
from makers, direct, knew the quality of our
linen- beyond question, and keep below the
market besides.
JOHN WANAMAKER.
Second circle, southwest from the centre.
SILK HANDKERCHIEFS.
The very finest English and French hand
kerchiefs and Mufflers ; handkerchiefs $1.25 te
$2.50: mnfllers, $1.50 te $1.50. Elsewhere they
are sold for a qrarter mere, at least.
JOHN WANAMAKER.
Second circle, southwest from the centre.
UNDERWEAR.
Every individual article of Merine or
Silk Underwear that we buy wc examine te
sec whether the buttons are sewed en securely
and whether the scams arc right and properly
lastencd. If anything is wrong, back the gar
ment gees te the maker, or we right It at his
expense.
Such has been our practice for a year and a
half. Is there another merchant In Philadel
phia who docs the Fame, or who watches the
interests et his customers in any similar way t
Defects may escape us, ncverthlcns. Yen de
nan favor. If you bring back the least imper
fection te be made geed.
JOHN WANAMAKER.
Outer circle. Thirteenth street entrance.
MUSLIN UNDERWEAR.
Our assortment or all muslin undergar
ments is as full a9 at any time or the year ; and
when the demand for such is net generally
strong we are often able te buy at unusual ad
vantage, Wc liave very nearly the same goods
the year 'round ; but prices vary mere or less.
New, for example, probably, there Is net te be
found In this city or In New Yerk muslin un
dergarments equal te our regular stock except
at higher prices. Wc knew et no exception
whatever.
JOHN WANAMAKER.
Southwest corner el the building.
TUBBER OVERGARMENTS.
SX De yen knew, many are net of Rubber.at
all, and arc net waterproof? We sell as many
as all Philadelphia besides ; real articles only;
and guarantee them.
JOHX WANAMAKER.
Central aisle, near Marketstt-eet entrance.
TJSWAMB, JtO
,T1 .-.!
OTOI'ES. STOVES.
Brick-Set and Portable
HE A.TEJRS and RANGES
siai:
Shertzer, HamphreTillo&Kieffers
40 EAST KING STREET.
KTDJfET PADS.
in mm pad!
A DISCOVER! BY ACCIDENT,
wnich supplies a want men of eminent ability
uave-aeveieu years 01 siuuy ana experiment
te And a Specific ter Diseases et the Kidneys,
Bladder, Urinary Organs and Nervous System
and from the tiineer its discovery has rapidly
increased in favor, gaining the approval and
confidence of medical men and these who have
used it; it has become a favorite with all
classes, and whercver introduced has super
seded all ether treatments. In short, such is
its Intrinsic merit and superiority, that it new
the only recognized reliable remedy.
Is Strongly Endorsed.
Wc have the most unequivocal testimony te
its curative powers lrem many persons of
high character.intelllgencc and lCspenMbility.
Our book "Hew a Life was Saved," giving the
history of this new discovery, and a large
rsceru et meat remarkable cures, sent free.
Write ter it.
Day Kidney Pad Company,
TOLEDO, OHIO.
fiATITIflN Owing te the many worthless
uuu llUil. Kidney Padsnew scikingn sale en
our reputation, wc deem it due the afflicted te
warnihem. Ask for DAY'S KIDNEY PAD,
and take no ether.
EASTERN AGEXCY, '
CHARLES N. CRITTENT0N,
115 Fulton St., Xew Yerk.
$500 EBWABD !
OVER A MILLION' OF
PROF. GUILMETTE'S
tell Kidney Pals
Have already been sold in this country and in
France : every ene of which has given pertect
satisfaction, and has performed cures every
time when used according te directions. We
new say te the afflicted and doubting ones
that we wil paj- the above reward ter a single
casoet
LAME BACK
jhat the Fad fails te cure. This Great Remedy
will Positively and Permanently euro Lum
bago, Lame Back, Sciatica, Gravel. Diabetes,
Dropsy, Brlght's Disease el the Kidneys, In
continence and. Retention et the Urine, In
flammation of the Kidneys, Catarrh or the
Bladder, High Colored Urine, Pain in the
Back, Side or Leins, Nervous Weakness, and
in fact all disordered the Bladder and Urinary
Organs whether contracted b3' private disease
e r"et lie r w isc
LADIES, if you arc suffering from Female
Weakness. Loucerrhoaa, or any disease et the
Kidneys, Bladder, or Urinary Organs,
YOU CAN BE CURED I
Without swallowing nauseous medicines, by
simply wearing
PROP. GUILMETTE'S
FRENCH KIDNEY PAD'
. WHICH CURES BY ABSORPTION.
Ask your druggist for PROF. GUILMETTE'S
FRENCH KIDNEY PAD, and take 110 ether.
ir he has net get it, send $2 and you will re
ceive the Pad by return mail. Fer sale by
JAMES A. MEYERS,
Odil Fellows' Hall, Columbia, Pn.
Sold only by GEO. W. HULL,
Druggist, 15 W. King St., Lancaster, Pn.
augll-MndeedM.W&F
Prof. Guilmette'a French Liver Pad.
Will positively cure-Fever and Ague, Dumb
Ague, Ague Cake, Bulleus Fever, Jaundice,
Dyspepsia and all diseases or the Liver,
Stomach and Bleed. Price 1.M by mall. Send
ler Prof. Gnllmctte's Treaties en the Kidneys
and Liver, free by mail. Address
FRENCH PAD COMPANY,
Teledo, Ohie.
aujtll-OindcedM.WAF
MEVICAL.
Mrs. Lydia E. Pinkham,
OP LYNN, MASS.,
1
Her Vegetable Compennil the Savier
of Her Sex.
Health, Hepo and Happiness Re
stored by the use of
LYDIA E. PINKHAM'S
Vegetable Compound,
The Positive Cure Fer
All Female Complaints.
This preparation, as Its name signitics, con
eists et Vegetable Properties that are harmless
te the most delicate invalid. Upen ene trial
the merits of this compound will be recognized,
a3 rellet Is immediate; and when its use is con
tinued, in ninety-nine cases in a hundred, a
permanent cure is effected, as thousands will
testWy. On account et Its proven mciits.it is
te-day recommended and prescribed by the
best physicians in the country.
It will cure entirely the worst form of falling
of the uterus, Loucorrheea, irregularand pain
ful Menstruation, all Ovarian Troubles, In
flammation and Ulceration, Floedlngs, all Dis
placements and the consequent spinal weak
ness, and is especially adapted te the Ciange
or Lite.
In tact It has proved te be the greatest and
best remedy that has ever been discovered. 1 1
permeates every portion or the system, and
gives new lite and vigor. It removes faintucss,
flatulency, destroys all craving ter stimulants,
and relieves weakness of the stomach.
It cures Bleating, Headaches, Nervous Pros
tration, General Debility. Sleeplessness. De De
firessien and Indigestion. That feeling of bear
n ir ilnnm. ennsinvr naln. wclzht and backache.
is always permanently cured by ita use. It
wUl at all times, and under all circumstances,
act In harmony with the law that governs the
female system.
Fer Kidney cemptaints of either sex this
Compound is unsurpassed.
Lydia E.Pinkham's Vegetable Compound
is prepared at 233 anil 233 Western Avenue,
Lynn, Mass. Price $1. Six bottles for $5. Sent
by mall la the form et pills, also in the form of
lozenges, en receipt et price, $1 per box, for
either. Mrs. PINKHAM treely answers all let
ters of Inquiry. Send for pamphlet. Address
as above. Mention thin paper.
Ne family should be without LYDIA E.
PINKHAM'S LIVER PILLS. They cure Con
stipation, Biliousness and Torpidity of the
Liver. 25 cents per box.
Johnsten, Holleway & Ce.,
Geaeral Agents, Philadelphia.
Fer sale by C. A. Lechcr, 9 East King street
and Gee. W. Hull, 15 West King street.
l'29-lydced&w
MRS, C. L.TLLEE,
LADIES' HAIBDUESSEK
Manufacturer and Dcalerin Hair Went, Ladies
and. Gents' Wigs. Combings straightened and
made te order. Hair Jewelry of all kinds made
up. Alse. Kid Glevesnnd Feathers cleaned and
dyed, at Nes. 225 and 227 North Queen street,
four doers above P. R. B. Depot. el-3tnd
m w Discovery
Lancaster intelligencer.
FRIDAY EVENING, DEC. 3, 1880.
FREIGHT DISCRIMINATION.
Judge Black Arraigns the Great Trunk
Kailreads.
LEGISLATIVE
INTEKFEKENCK NECKS
SAKY. Gigantic Corporations that Tax the Coun
try's Productions.
'Bights or the Public.
The Xew Yerk chamber of commerce
recently formulated and sent te business
men in various parts of the country a
number of questions relating te railroad
freight rates. These questions were in
tended te elicit opinions from leading
business men and manufacturers as te the
injury accomplished by fluctuating and
discriminating charges for the transporta
tion of inerchandi&e. It was claimed that
shippers were net treated alike even where
all the circumstances were equal. That
certain sections derived advantages by
special arrangements that were denied in
ether sections. Fer instance, te send 100
pounds of freight from Xew Yerk te San
Francisce cost only $2.50, while te send
the same weight te Salt Lake City cost 4.
The leading idea was te ascertnin the feel feel
ing'ef the country concerning the assump
tion by the companies of the right te
charge ' whatever the traffic will bear,"
rather than adept a reasonable tariff based
en the cost of service. As a valuable con
tribution toward solving the difficult
problem the committee en transportation
of the chamber of commerce have sent the
following letter lrem Judge Jeremiah b.
Black, of Pennsylvania, te the news
papers :
Yeuk, Pa., Nev. 10, 1880,
Committee en Railroad Transportation of
the New Yerk Chamber of Commerce :
Gentlemen : Yeu propose a move
ment in favor of some legal regulation
which will compel railway companies te
perform their duties te the public en
proper terms. I will answer your question
as directly as possible, but without ebserv
ing the order in which you put them. ou
desire above all tilings te be just. The
legally vested rights of railway companies,
like ethers rights of property, are sacred,
and no violation of them comes within the
scope of your design.
But ou this question railroad men mis
understand their situation. They believe,
or pretend te believe, that railways arc the
property of the cempauics authorized te
run them, whUh is a cardinal error, and
the parent of much false' argument. A
public highway cannot be private property
and a railroad laid out and built by the
authority of the state for the purposes of
commerce is as much a public highway as
a turnpike read, canal or navigable river.
It is the duty of the state te promote in
terceurse and trade by making highways
of the best sort through her territory. Te
this cud she may take land and materials,
which is an exercise el the power of emi
nent domain. She can build a railway' at
her own expense, using the direct agency
of her own officers, and after it is built she
can make it free te all cemers or reimburse
the cost by special tax en individuals who
have occasion te use it. She can delegate
the taking and the taxing powers te a cor
poration or a natural person ; and that is
what she always does when she grants a
railroad charter, ilut in either or any case
the read belongs te the state and all the
people have a right te use it upon compli
ance with the necessary regulations and
payment of the proper tax.
The corporations who have get into the
habit of calling themselves the owners of
the railroads have no proprietary right,
title or claim te the reads themselves, but
a mere- franchise annexed te and exercis
able thereon. They are the agents of the
state for the performance of a public duty.
If the franchise be forfeited or surrender
ed, or if it expire by efllnx of time, the
state takes possession of the read and runs
it herself or employs a new agent. The
company cannot keep the read any mere
than an outgoing collector of a pert can
appropriate te himself the custom house
where he did hU e.Ticial work. The state
having need for a public highway at a par
ticular place, makes a contract with a cor
poration te open and put it in condition te
be used, and by way of reimbursing the
builders and operators she authorizes a
tax upon these who travel or carry mer
chandise evor it. But this tax must be
reasonable, just, uniform, prescribed and
fixed, se that every citizen may knew be-
forehand exactly hew much he must pay,
and se that WI1211 he pays or tenders the
proper amount he will acquire an absolute
and perfect right "te the usoef the read."
The amount of the tax, tell or freight in
any case is net a subject of bargain be
tween the shippcratid the corporation,but a
thing te be settled, fixed and prescribed by
public authority. It the company may
charge what it pleases then the read is net
a public highway : the public has no rights
in it at all, and the charter which author-
ixes the taking of land te build it is un
constitutional and void. These principles
were stated by Judge Baldwin in Bena
parte vs. the Camden & Ambey railroad
company (1 Bald. Rep., 252). Yen will
lind a mere extended discussion of them
by the supreme court of Pennsylvania in
Casey vs. the Erie & Northwest railroad
company (2 Casey's Rep. 237). I de net
think they are opposed by any high au
thority, but no doubt they have often
been overlooked in judicial decisions and
forensic arguments. The railroads being
public property, in which all the people
have equal rights, and the companies that
run them being public agents, it is absurd
te say that the state has no right te regu
late and control them in the performance
of their functions by such laws as will pre
vent partiality, plunder and extortion.
This is a power of which no free state can
disarm itself by any act of its judicial, leg
islative of executive officers. They could
as lawfully sell the state out and out, and
deliver up the entire population te sack
arid pillage. But are net the franchises
property in which the company has a
vested right? Yes, The privilege of tak
ing a certain fixed, prescribed,
uniform, reasonable rate of tell
from all persons alike according te the
use they make of the read is a
power that the state may bestow upon any
person, natural or artificial. But no law
lul franchise te take tell en a public high
way can exceed these limits. A charter
that gees beyond this is void. These
companies will oppose any clTeit te bring
them down te a reasonable rate with the
argument that such reduction is a viola
tion of the contract between them aud the
state. But en the principles laid down by
Judge Baldwin in the case above mention
ed a charter is inoperative which author
izes a maximum of tell or fare se high
that the company is able without exceed
ing it te exclude the people from using
their own read, In the Granger cases
from Iowa and Wisconsin the bargain was
that the companies might fix tte'r own
rates. But the supreme court of the
United States held that a subsequent law
te restrain them within reasonable limits
was no violation of the original contract.
This principle applies te a company whose
maximum rate is unreasonably high be
cause such a rate is practically the same
thing as no limitation at all. The conclu
sion that all the railroad corporations in
the country may be constitutionally re
strained te reasonable and just charges
is nor 'merely drawn from the fact
that railroads are public highways.
If they owned the corpus of the read and
used it in the business of a common carrier
they might have been compelled te behave
themselves justly te all their customers
and submit te any regulation for the pub
lic geed. The unanswerable opinion of
Chief Justice Waite in Munn vs. Illinois
(Otte 4, p, 113) settles that. The reason
ableness of the freight tells or taxes that
may be charged upon any railway will
depend en the expenses of running aud
repairing it and en the cost of construction.
The latter will, of course, be the principal
element in the calculation, for the tells
ought te be high enough te give the cor
poration a fair profit en the capital they
have actually invested. But many of these
corporations have issued large amounts of
stock and mortgage bends for which the
holders have paid nothing, or much less
than the nominal value. Anether way of
enlarging their apparent dimensions is te
water their stock under the pretence of
increasing their capital, while in fact the
additional shares arc divided among them
selves without putting a new dollar in the
business. Of course nobody thinks
that the real cost of the read is te be
measured by the nominal amount of these
bends and shares. It is easy for a compe
tent engineer te tell hew much any read
ought te cost, supposing the work te be
honestly done and liberally paid for. That
being ascertained yea haw the true basis
of a calculation which will show hew
much the tells ought te be. Most of our
western reads were built with proceeds
of public lands granted mediately or im
mediately by the United States te the
several companies which new have them in
charge. They did net really cost the
stockholders anything, and in some case
they get lands worth a great deal meic
than all expenses of making, stocking and
running the reads. The two companies
between Omaha and San Francisce raised
in cash out of government bends, lands
and mortgages of their franchises, lour or
five times as much as they necessarily ex
pended upon the reads. The stockholders,
without paying anything, put the enormous
surplus into their pockets. These reads,
thus built at the public expense and in
some cases paid for by the public five
times ever, arc new claimed as the private
property of the companies, and the right of
the public te use them as higeways is ut
terly denied; nevertheless I think the
claim et these companies te take reason
able tells stands upon the same foundation
as that of companies whose reads were
built by the stockholders themselves at
their own proper expense. The grant of
the lands invested the grantees with a title
which could net be revoked if the condi
tions of it were performed. If they sold
or mortgaged the lauds and invested the
proceeds in the construction of a railroad
under a charter from a state or general
government which authorizes them te take
a fair profit in the shape of tells, they have
as geed a right te the tells as if the capi
tal te build the read had been raised by
themselves ; that is te say, these compa
nies which built the railroads with capital
donated by the public have the same right
as ether companies te charge a reasonable
tell ; but their demand of excessive tells,
though net worse in law, seems in the eye
of natural reasons a greater outrage. If
railroad corporations have the unlimited
power which they claim, then all business
is at their mercy agriculture, commerce,
manufactures must suffer what they
cheese te inllict. They may rob labor of
the bread it wins and deprive all enter
prise of its just reward. Though this
power docs net belong te them legally
they have been permitted te usurp it, anil
I need net tell yen that they have grossly
abused it. They avow that they make
their exactions with an eye single te their
own advantage, without considering any
right or interest of the public. They
boldly express their determination te
charge as much as the traffic will bear ;
that is te say, they wil! take from the
profits of every man's business as much as
can be taken without compelling him te
quit it. In the aggregate this amounts te
the most enormous, oppressive and unjust
tax that ever was laid upon the industry of
any people under the sun. The irregularity
with which this tax is laid makes it still
harder te bear. Men go into a
business which may thrive at pros
cnt rates and will find themselves
crushed by burdens unexpectedly thrown
upon them after they get started. It is
the habit of the railroad companies te
change their rates of transportation often
and suddenly and in particular te make
the charges ruinously high without any
notice at all. The farmers of the great
West have made a large crop of grain
which they may sell at fair prices if they
can have it carried te the Eastern ports,
even at the unreasonably high freights of
last summer. But just new it is said that
the railway companies have agreed among
themselves te raise the freight five cents
per hundred weight, which is equal te an
expert tax upon the whole crop of proba
bly $73,000,000. The farmers must -submit
te this highway robbery or else keep
the products of their lands te ret en their
hands. They submit, of ceurse, as
all ether classes of industrious people sub
mit te similar impositions. Common
justice imperatively requires that freights
be fixed, settled and prescribed by law,
and that they be net changed at the lucre
will of the railroad companies. But the
discriminations which make the rates un
equal arc the most odious feature. A
grain dealer at Baltimore gets a reduction
or drawback which is is denied te ethers,
and he makes a fortune for himself while
he ruins his competitors by underselling
them. A single mill at Rochester can
step tne wnccis 01 an tnc rest it its Heur
be carried at a rate much lower. By dis
criminations of this kind the profits of
one coal mine- may be quadrupled, while
another, with all its fixtures and machin
ery, is rendered worthless. Such wrongs
as these arc done net only in few sporadic
cases, but generally and habitually en a
very large scale. Certain oil men, whose
refinery was en Leng Island, get rebates
amounting te $10,000,000 in eighteen
months, and seventy-nine houses (I believe
that is the number) engaged in the same
business were broken up. The creditors
of the Reading railroad having coal lands
of their own, made discriminations be
tween themselves and ethers which drove
all competitors out et the field, gave them
the monopoly of the Philadelphia market
and enabled them te charge for their coals
as they charge for their freights what
ever they pleased. Thus producers, deal
ers and consumers all suffer (together.
Yerse still than that, the prosperity of
large communities is blighted by the re
fusal of railroads te carry the products of
their farms, gardens and shops, unless
they submit te the payment of rates much
larger than what are charged en similar
goods from ether regions much further
away from the common trade. The case
you mention of $4 from New Yerk te Salt
Lake and only $2.50 te San Francisce is,
perhaps, net the most unrighteous, but it
is as gross a violation of legal principle
as cau be conceived. If the railways
belong te the people thou the rights of all
citizens are precisely equal and all discrim
inations are unlawful. Without refer
ence te the public right of property they
arc se shamefully imperious in their gen
eral effect and in their particular conse
quences that no well governed state will
endure them. These railroads and trans
portation companies connect themselves .
with cvervthinff. The promotion of com
merce (internal and fereisn), the interests
of buyer and seller, the rights of producer
aud consumer, the needs of the peer and
the pesperity of the rich all cry aloud for
some system of management which
will cemix:! them te de the duties
they ewe te the public faith
fully at rates -reasonable, lixed, uniform
and equal, without extortion, without
wanton changes, without discrimination.
The laws necessary, for this purpese are
net difficult te frame. If you will leek at
the constitution of Pennsylvania as amend
ed in 1S73 you will find in the 17th section
a series of previsions which if carried out
and enforced would be amply sufficient.
Bnt the railroad men and their advocates
have managed te impress the Legislature
with the idea that they arc above the con
stitution. They assert that every restric
tion imposed upon them in the interest of
justice, equality and fair dealing is in
violation of the contract embodied in
their charters. All this is no doubt
very false doctrine, but they contrive
in some way (I really de net kuew
hew) te make the state authorities accept
it as true. I maintain that all the states
have a clear and indefeasible right te pro
tect their people against such wrongs and
te excrcise the power as a sacred duty.
When that duty is properly formed the in
terual trade of each .state will cease te be en
slaved and crippled' as it is new. But the
commerce between the states will be open
tf inequalities and liable te oppres
sion and blunder by transportation
companies unless the national leg
islature docs something te save it.
Congress has power " te regulate com
merce between states." Is it net strictly
within the scope ei that authority when it
makes a law forbidding carriers through
the state te injure, impede or destroy the
general trade of the country by extrava
gant and discriminating charges? Ifth.it
bu net a regulation of m inter-state com
merce, what will it be ? "The power being
conceded, an effectual mode of right
ing the wrongs new complained of
can easily be devised. Doubtless
you arc right in tiie ueuel that public
opinion will be in favor ofyeurmovemonr.
Reflecting men cannot deny its justice.
But the influence of these great corpora
tions cau h .rdlybe calculated. Tliey hare
methods of defence and effencewhich make
them almost invincible. Yeu have re
ferred .te portions of their history which
proved this. Some of the state govern
ments are literally subjugated by them
new. It will require strong. organization
and much labor te reduce them. Undis
ciplined militia in the eicn field make a
peer light against -regulars intrenched.
What are cornstalks against cannon? Such
is truth against money. Yeu ask what I
think of regulating these affairs by the
agency of commissioners. In England I
believe that plan has been a complete
success ; in California 1 understand it is a
dead failure.
This paper is much longer than I intended
te make it, and as an answer te your ques
tions it is less categorical than it ought te
be But you must take it as it is, and
believe me your obedient servant,
J. S. Black.
The popular 'Verdict la generally the riht
ene: and concerning Or. Hull's Cenijli syrup
the people have lenjr since decided that it Is
tile licit cough remedy ever introduced.
Ge te II. 15. Cochran, druggist 1X7 and 131
North Queen street for Mrs. Freeman' '.1 Jfew
Kittieiial Dyes. Fer brightness and durability
et color are uncqualcd. Celer from '2 te .1
pound.". Price, l." cents.
Scrofula Avail nt.
K. Schrutcnmultcr, liroeklyn, writes: Your
Spring illOjHOiu is invaluable. I have had
Sei-oluleiiH sores en my legs for a number of
years, and occasionally they would break out
en my face. I have taken two bottles et
Spring ISlosseui, according te directions, and
new all the sores have disapneaied and my
sKln is perfectly healtliv.
Price : 20c, and trial bottles 10c.
I'm-sale by II. It. Cochran, druggfet, 137 and
I'.'M North Queen street, Lancaster, Pa.
:i:ecj:bis.
W
riIO!,K.SAL,K AMI UKTAII,.
LEVA.N'JS FLOUR
Ne. '227 NORTH PRINCE
STREET.
117-lyd
w,;si
ii the place ler tlie-clicarHMl and the best
WINES, LIQUORS,
a:ji
GROCERIES.
Ne. 1)5 WEST KING STKKKT.
-VfOW KKAOY.
HOLIDAY GROCERIES !
IOKEIGN FRUITS, viz.: Raisdns, Irune?,
CurrautM, Citren, Pruncllc, Dates, Flg,
Oranges, Lemens, White GrapcH, &c.
DOMESTIC FRUITS Evaporated Peaches
and Apples, Cranberries, &c.
Nl'TS New Princess Paper Shell Almonds,
linizil Nuts. Englibh Walnuts. Filberts,
Pecan Nuts, Xew shell-barks, &c.
Pl'RE SPICE.S We guarantee our spiers
strictly pureand fresh ground.
1 1.AVORING EXTRACTS Burnet tV, Kel Kel
legg's and Royal Flavoring Extracts, Rese
and Orange liters.
NEW ORLEANS MOLASSES new in stock.
TABLE feVRUP A great bargain in Table
tyrnp ; only 12c a quart.
CONFECTIONS Wc arc adding te our stock
a large supply of Pure Candies, line mix
t nre3 ; the celebrated Chicago Caramels at
:'.Dc a pound : try them.
SPECIAL BARGAINS
new i.ttfi ing. Don't fall te call and .see.
BURSK'S,
e. 17 i:ast king stkeet.
nev2Wyil
UAKPETS.
H
IUilKST CASH PRICK WILL UK
1MID FOR EXTKA NICE
CARPET RAGS.
Carpets ntadc te order at short notice and
satl3tactIe guaranteed.
Rare cha4icc3 In Carpets te reduce stock of
6,000 Ms Brels Camels,
AT AND BELOW COST.
Call and patlsfy yourself. Alse, Ingrain, Kag
and ChalnCarpetsInalmestendiessvarlcty .at
H. S. SHIRK'S
CARPET HALT.,
203 WEST KINO STREET,
LANCASTER PA.
EEMOVAL.
, MUS. M. A. EDWARDS lias removed her
.Millinery Stere te Se. 'ISO Wet King street.
' here she will be pleased te see all her old
customers. 1 ten nets. Hats, KiUuens, Satins,
Velvets, Feathers, Flowers, Ac., wJJI Iks sold
cheaper than ever lioferc. Call and sec.
nevilMmd
HOPBITTXBM.
VALUABLE TRUTHS.
If you are suffering from peer health, or
languishing en a bed of sickness, take cheer,
for
Hep Bitters Will Care Yea.
It you are simply ailing: if yen feel weak
and dispirited, without clearly knowing why,
Hep Bitter Will Revive Yeu.
If yen are a minister, and have overtaxed
yourself with your p:terul duties; or a
mother, worn out with care and work.
Hep Hitters WUl Restore Yea.
If you are a man et business, weakened by
the strain of your everyday duties; or a man
of letters, toiling ever your midnight work.
Hep Bitters Will Strengthen Yea.
If yau are young, and suffering from any In
discretion, or are growing tee fast, as i often
the case.
Hep Hitters Will Relieve Yea.
If you are in the workshop, en tbe farni..at
the desk anywhere, and feel that your system
needs cleansing, toning or stimulating with
out intoxicating.
Hep Hitters Is What Yeu Meed.
It you arc old, and your pnlse Is feeble. ?eury
nerves unsteady, anil your faculties waning.
Hep Hitters will give you New Life and
Viger.
Hep Bitters ManaTactnriag Company,
Rochester, New Yerk, and Terente, Ontario.
decfi-IvdMWFAw
CLV1HIXU.
The Overcoats
That we told you about last week
have greatly reduced in quantity.
We had piles of them previous te
the "reduction of It) par cent. We
have seme few very desirable ulstor ulster
cttcs and rcvcrsiblcs left, and when
they are all gene no mere can Ikj
had this season. Our efforts te
please young gents have been very
successful, having selected seme of
the prettiest, best fitting and nobbi nebbi
est patterns in the market.
WILLIAMSON' & FOSTER,
?A EAST KINO STREET.
A FEW LADIES'
FURS that we
nave en hand wc
a great less.
are closing out at
- HEAVY UNDERWEAR, Gloves
aud Hosiery in large -quantities at
the very lowest prices.
Williamson
& Fester,
36 EAST KING STREET,
LANCASTER, PA.
llffiF
FALL OPENING
AT
H. GEBH ART'S
nlisliiiieiit,
MONDAY, OCTOBER lltli, 1880.
A Complete Stock et
Cleths, Suitings
A1JB
OVERCOATINGS,
wliieh for elegance cannot !)
Largest Aer!uifiit ft
surpassed. This
ENGLISH A2VTD SCOTCH
SUITINGS
in thin city. Prices a- low an the lewdat
H.GERH ART'S
J'e. 51 North Queen- Street.
CLOTHING-!
CLOTHING!
We have
Stock ei
new ready for sale an Immense
Fall and Winter,
which
Style.
arc Cut and Trimmed
Wc can give you a
in the J.ntwt
GOOD STYLISH SUIT
AS LOW AS $10.00.
PIECE GOODS
In great variety, made te order at short notlce
at the lowest prices.
D. B. Hosteller & Seu,
24 CENTRE SQUARE,
6-lyd
LANCASTEU. VA.
IkTISS M. K. UJIX, TKACUKK OF DltAIV-
ifl. ing in the GlrN' High Scheel. w-fMlrc te
obtain pupils in the various sty le- et draw ing
and painting'. Residence Se. :ii H'est Orange
street. Furs altered and retiiUrud at th- name
place. ecti) tfd'
Tailering:
Eeanle
CMm