a, "-fi' , , :.l , - V , ,, T... !!. ii aawagWEgwaKB5Saas-L.- 7.7, ' 'm1 li.,,. ,., .. , "' -. ., rn;j..V . ,. , e ' Jt ""r ;ujJMj3Pi
ifii-- ..'...,.. .rwOTTgajr!yts.frrarra- .-., i..Tv,. ,, riai , ?:;t,-"i ' j '-.mui .,, ,,., rJ.,'. mi..'-n i i '-- '- ,.-rn! ninma-iTi'niSi;;, ,'' .!' ir-,- .....p - ...W.yr.-
I i... - ' - s .,... .r..
ITITTn-jr.ll I , - ' "fff 1fflr'BI'V!".fc-r.
?T 'T- f-- . .-
LANCASTER DAILY INTELLIGENCER WEDNESDAY, MARCH 1? 1880.
s
Lancaster intelligencer.
WEDNESDAY EVE'G, MABCH 17, 1880.
fteble Senators.
The statement of Senators Garland
and McDonald, made te Senater "Wallace
at his request, concerning the confirma
tion of Marshal Kerns's appointment,
maks that matter profoundly obscure,
instead of illuminating it. Senater Wal
lace, being charged with first opposing
and subsequently favoring Kerns's con.
nrmatien, secures from the sub-committee
of the judiciary committee, which
had this appointment in charge, a letter
which says, if it is fairly construed,
that Senater Wallace did net in any way,
at any time, orally or verbally, favor
Kerns's confirmation, but en the ether
hand, en January 9, January 19, and as
late as February 3, wrote te them urging
his rejection as " net a fit man for the
place " and " a representative of the very
worst elements of Philadelphia Republi
can politics." If this certificate certifies,
as we read it te certify, that Senater
Wallace did net, subsequently te Feb
ruary 2, indicate te the judiciary
committee that he had changed his mind
in re Kerns, and give it te understand
that he no longer opposed his confirma
tion, then the basis of the charge against
Senater Wallace that he did reverse his
action in this matter, depends solely en
the vote which he gave in the Senate for
Kerns' confirmation, and leaves him only
this te explain te his constituents. Did
he vote for the confirmation of a man
whom he believed and declared te be
unfit ; and if se, why V
We have further te say of the letter of
Senators McDonald and Garland that it
leaves us in a very bewildered state of
mind as te the senatorial state of mind
that is brought te bear upon the subject
of appointments. In the first place it
disabuses us of the preconceived opinion
that a senator has any influence with his
brother senators te move them te vote te
reject, for political considerations or any
ether mean consideration fit man nom
inated te fill an office in his own state.
The contrary impression is generally
prevalent, and the country will be de
lighted te find that the only question
asked of a candidate for office by the
Democratic senators, members of the
sub-judiciary committee, is, " Are you
honest, are you capable V The
representation of our brother, Sen Sen
aeor Wallace is te the contrary ;
but if you tell us you are innocent and
geed, he shall net strike you down.''
Neble senators!
Then it occurs te us te note in view of
the fact that Senators McDonald and Gar
land say they were en the investigating
committee which inquired into Kerns's
conduct, and which reported in unspar
ing condemnation of it, having
Senater Wallace for its mouth meuth
piecethat Senater McDonald and
Garland did shockingly violate the truth
when they assented te that report or that
they de se new when they adept ether and
totally different conclusions. Fer it is
te be observed that their present conclu
sion was based, as they say, solely upon
the testimony taken and considered
by them in the investigation, supple
mented only by a later statement made
te them by the accused marshal.
And we take occasion te say that we are
shocked at the declaration made by Sen
ators McDonald and Garland, if it is as
we understand it te be. that the denun
ciation of Kerns by them as an investi
gating committee was animated only by
political considerations, and that all the
time they were holding this marshal up
te the scorn of the country for
the appointment of hundreds of Re
publican strikers te stuff the Philadelphia
ballet boxes, in reality they believed
then, as they assert new, that Kerns'
conduct en that election day was net
censurable. What strange senators !
And what magnanimous, yet inconsist
ent senators ; for, shortly after they de
clare that Kerns was net censurable, they
say that he was censurable for appoint
ing deputies whose character was very
bad, en the endorsement of his political
friends as te their character. The
inconsistency is obvious, and se is
the magnanimity which led these two
Democratic senators te forget te point
out te Mr. Kerns hew very simple he
was, if he was net very wicked, te ap
point only Republican watchers at the
instance of his " political friends," and
te remain calmly serene throughout the
day of election that they were doing
their duty justly, and te avoid inquiring
into their conduct, and te remain ignor
ant of their remarkable proceedings.
Se geed was Kerns !
It almost seems te us as if we would
like te have the portraits of these two
Democratic senators, who thought se
much of Kerns and se little of Wallace,
te hang them up in our office and gaze
upon them, that we might grew geed in
the contemplation. But there is one
thing in their letter which causes us te
forbear. We have a reverence for Geerge
Washington, because of his expertness
with the hatchet, and we dare net put
alongside him any face that would dis
- turb our gaze uien his truthful counte
nance. And se when Senater McDonald and
Garland say that Kerns came te see them
personally while the nomination
was in their hands and discussed the
subject with them, and scattered the
objections of Wallace and Randall, along
with their own, te the four winds ; and
then in the next sentence declare that
Senater Wallace never interfered with
their decision except "in the letters
attached hereto,'" because, " it is
net the practice of that com
mittee te hear persons before it orally,
but always in tcrfttny," we conceive
a suspicion that there is a lie out some
where, and we are restive under it. We
should like te love Senators McDonald
and Garland, and we should like te be
lieve all they say te us about the surpass
ing effect of Kerns' eloquence upon
them, standing as it did single and
alone; but is it net asking a geed deal
of us?
We warn the county auditors that
they cannot, afford te let themselves be
swerved from the path of duty which
they had originally entered upon and
premised te adhere te. If they found
or can find anything that demands
their animadversion and public notice,
they must point it out. If they fail and
somebody else has te de what they leave
undone, it will be all the worse for them.
If they leave the trail the people will find
out hew they get the false scent.
The Main Feint.
We take pleasure in laying before our
readers the correspondence of Senater
Wallace with the judiciary committee of
the senate, en the subject of Kerns's con
firmation, just as we have se readily pub
lished everything en that side of the ques
tion which has been furnished te us.
It is very apparent from this corres
pondence, that en January 9, 1880, and
en January 17, and even as late as Feb
ruary 2, 1880, Mr. Wallace opposed
Kerns's confirmation. There might, also,
have been added te the circular, in
which this correspondence is being circu
lated, extracts from Senater Wallace's
able speech showing why Kerns should
net be confirmed.
There is nothing new, however, in this.
We have understood all along that Sena Sena
eor Wallace originally opposed Kerns's
confirmation and it was he who most
effectually demsnstrated te us that Kerns
was " a representative of the very worst
elements of Philadelphia Republican pol
itics," and that " en behalf of the people
of the Eastern district of Pennsylvania "
the appointment should have been re
jected as that of " a man net fit for the
place."
What we cannot understand and the
thing for which we have asked an expla expla expla
nationeot yet given is why Senater
Wallace, after taking this position, " ad
vised and consented te " Kerns's con
firmation. The dispatch from Washing
ton announcing Kerns's confirmation
said :
The Senate te-day unanimeuuly confirm
ed the nomination of James Kerns as
United States marshal! for the Eastern dis
trict of Pennsylvania, Senater Wallace
having iraived all objections te his confirma
tion. If this is net the case Senater Wallace
has been done injustice, but we have
seen no denial from him that life did ad
vise and consent te the confirmation
The correspondence which he makes
public only shows that if he finally voted
for Kerns he net only did injustice te
his party and the public, but that he sin
ned against the light which he himself
had shed upon this subject.
We pause te hear if Senater Wallace
denies that he voted for Kerns's confirm
ation. The docile manner in which Comme
dere Hiestand and his party submitted
te the drubbing administered them in
the Republican county committee meet
ing yesterday, when they had twice pre
viously shown that in an emergency they
can control this committee, indicates
that they feel very secure in Den Cam.
eren's premise that if any further dele
gates are chosen from Lancaster county
te the Chicago convention, they will
represent it en the curbstone only,
Blaine's friends may plant and Grew's
may water, but the Grantites and Cam Cam
erenians are very confident that Lancas
ter county's vote in the Republican na
tienal convention will be cast by Kauff
man and Seltzer, and counted as Camer
en wants it counted. Lancaster county
is a very big county and polls a very big
Republican vote, but out in that national
council, where state leaders are heard
and the machine grinds remorselessly,
Bull Rings and Heg Rings will net be
considered, and the newly elected dele
gates will held their little convention en
curbstone. Fer Cameren knows that the
rebellious faction here will have te dance
te whatever tune that convention pipes
One of the amusing features in the
Republican county committee yesterday
was te see with what tender considera
tion all hands treated Jehn M. Stehman.
Formerly the bite noir of the JVcie Era
people, tliey have come te treat him with
most delicate attention and never a word
of pretest was uttered from that source
against his appointment as elector by the
state delegates, though he and both na
tienal delegates were taken from the
Northern district. On the ether hand
the Cameren folks de net realize that
Jehn is off with the old love before he is
en with the new, and they were scarcely
less considerate for him. If it should
come te pass that, whereas Roebuck fell
into the hands of the Philistines, Steh
man had a great light fall en his path
way, who shall say that the Heg RJ
get me worse ei ine exenange r
PERSONAL.
General Grant's return route will be
via Galveston, San Antenia and Leadville.
Colonel Fester sails en the same packet.
Rebert Clark, a well known citizen,
and a prominent member of the Masonic
order, died at his residence in Philadelphia,
yesterday.
The lower branch of the Kentucky Leg
islature, yesterday morning, by a vote, re
fused te give Henry Ward Beecher the
use of the legislative hall for the purpose
of making an address.
Society is in a flutter at Ottawa, Ont.,
ever two events which are te be celebrated
in princely style. They are the 32d birth
day anniversary of her Royal Highness the
Princess Leuiscfirhich occurs te-morrow,
and the 9th annivers&Ref her marriage te
his excellency the governor general,
which falls en Monday next.
In Chicago, en Monday evening, Miss
Maude Granger, was married te Mr. Ar
thur Fallin, of New Yerk, a nephew of the
late Frank Leslie. The marriage was kept
very quiet. The certificate was signed
Annie Brainerd, Miss Granger's true name
and was witnessed by her maid. Rev.
Arthur Mitchell, of the First Presbyterian
church, performed the ceremony.
Mr. Gladstone has started en an elec
tioneering tour through Midlothian, in
the Liberal interest. In addressing a
crowd at the railway station before his
departure, he said : "I am going te gain
a victory ; I expect te be supported with a
zeal such as will make Scotland an exam
ple for the rest of the kingdom." He
said, also, that he had no doubt he should
secure the object he had in view of going
te Scotland, which was net only te win the
seat for Midlethcan, but te sweep out of
their scats a great many men who new re
present constituencies in Parliament and
te consign them te that retirement for
which they are mere fitted.
MINOR TOPICS;
Mb. Batabd has introduced a bill which
proposes te restrain the United States mar
shals from arresting election officers en
election day.
The application for pardon in the cases
of Kemble, Salter, Petroff, Crawford and
Rumbergcr, convicted of corrupt solicita
tion of members of the Legislature, win be
heard te-day.
Judge Beakdsley, of Connecticut, has
denied the petition of H. L. Goodwin for
an injunction te prevent the use of free
passes en the New Yerk, New Haven and
Hartferd railroad by members of the Legislature.
The Leavenworth Times publishes re
ports from clerks of the various counties
in the state of Kansas in regard te the
acreage and condition of fall wheat, which
will show that the acreage is twenty per
cent, greater than that of last year and the
condition fully fifty per cent, better. The
yield this yearwill exceed 30.000,000 bush
els. Tiieue seems te be a pretty strong sus
picion that the retirement of Assistant
Secretary Hawley is due te the fact that
his political interests and these of Secre
tary Sherman were net in accord. Mr.
Hawley wants te be the Republican candi
date for governor of Illinois, and Mr.
Sherman wants te get all he can of the
Illinois delegation te Chicago. But Mr.
Hawley finds it te his personal advantage
te train with the Grant crowd. Nothing
has been mere natural than for him te
threw whatever treasury patronage he can
control in Illinois for the benefit of Grant.
Mr. Hawley, since he came into the de
partment, has taken the management of
the patronage into his hands te a much
greater degree than has ever before been
attempted by an assistant secretary.
Under all the circumstances there is geed
reason te believe that Sherman is quite
reconciled te his departure.
THE KEENS MATTER.
AND MK.IVALLACE'S KECOItD THEREIN.
Correspondence Between Senater Wallace
and Senators McDenala and Garland
Wallace Never Requested
Marshal Kerns's Con
tinuation. U. S. Senate Cuamher, Washington,
March 16, 1880. liens. J. E. McDonald
and A. 11. Garland, Sub-Committee of the
Judiciary Committee of the U. S. SenaU
Gentlemen : I will thank you te furnish
me with copies of ray correspondence with
your committee en the subject of the con
firmation of James N. Kerns as U. S.
marshal for the Eastern district of Penn
sylvania ; and if you feel at liberty te de
se, with a statement of the reasons govern
ing the committee in reporting favorably
upon his nomination.
Very respectfully, yours,
William A. Wallace.
Reply of Senators McDonald and Garland.
Washington, March 16, 18S0. Hen.
Wm. A. Wallace, U. S. Senate : Dear
Sir In reply te your inquiry as te the cor
respondence between yourself and the
judiciary committee of the Senate touch
ing the confirmation of James N. Kerns as
United States marshal for the Eastern dis
trict of Pennsylvania, we herewith enclose
you copies of your letters, sent te the com
mittee, opposing Mr. Kerns.
The reasons which governed us as the
Democratic members of the sub-committee
in recommending Kerns's confirmation,
were substantially as fellows :
The confirmation was opposed upon po
litical grounds alone. We made careful
inquiry as te the personal character of
Kerns, and found that it was geed. We
both had been members et the investigat
ing committee before which Kerns ap
peared and testified, and were in Philadel
phia when the examination of witnesses
affecting his official action was held. This
testimony was the ground of political op
position te him and had been sent by you
te the committee. In a careful examina
tion of it we found that Kerns's conduct en
election day was net censurable, in view
of the duties imposed upon him by law,
and our judgment was that these duties
were neither vindictively nor illegally per
formed. He swore before our committee of inves
tigation that deputy United States mar
shals were net needed in Philadelphia, and
that he had appointed them because the
law compelled him te de se when applica
tion was made by two citizens. He admit
ted he did net knew many of the deputies,
and took the endorsement of his political
friends as te their character. In this re
spect he was censurable, for the character
of many of these deputies was very bad.
This was the sole ground upon which we
could sustain our rejection of Kerns, and
in view, of what he had testified, as well as
of his personal character and behavior en
election day, we did net feel justified in
rejecting him, as we would run the risk
of obtaining a man who would execute the
law vindictively because he believed in it.
These were the grounds upon which we
acted.
Kerns came te us personally whilst the
nomination was in our hands, and we dis
cussed the subject with him fully, and he
reiterated the opinions he had previously
sworn te. Yeu did net at any time request
or suggest his confirmation, nor, se far as
we knew, was there any interference by
you with the action of the judiciary com
mittee, except as the letters hereto attach
ed show. It is net the practice of that
committee te hear persons before it orally,
but always in writing.
We are, very respectfully yours,
J. E. McDonald,
A. H. Garland.
Copy of Letters te Chairman of Committee
Sending the Testimony.
Senate Chamber, Washington, Jan
uary 9th, 1880. Hen. A. G. Thurman,
Chairman Judiciary Committee, Senate
Dear Sir: I have the honor herewith te
transmit te your committee a copy of the
testimony taken by a committee of the
Senate in regard te the character and be
havior of special deputy marshals ap
pointed in Philadelphia in 1878, by Mar
shal Kerns, whose re-appointment is new
before your committee for confirmation or
rejection, and request your committee (en
behalf of the people of the Eastern dis
trict of Pennsylvania), te reject the ap
pointment. Very truly, yours,
William A. Wallace, U. S. S., Pa,
Copy or Letter te Senater Bayard, a Mem
ber of the Judiciary Committee, en
File With the Recerd.
United States Senate Chamber,
Washington, D. C, January 17, 1880.
My Dear Senater : I have net had an
opportunity te talk with you in regard te
the confirmation of Kerns as marshal of
our Eastern district, which is new before
the judiciary committee. I write te earn
estly urge his rejection. He is net a fit man
for the place, as his appointments fully
shows, and he is a representative of the
very worst elements of Philadelphia poli
tics. I shall feel that the Senate is faith
less te itself if this man be confirmed.
Very truly yours,
William A. Wallace.
Senater Batard.
P. S. I have seen Thurman and Garland
and talked with them.
Copy of Letter te Senater Garland.
Private.
U. S. Senate Chamber, Washington,
February 2, 1880. Dear Gathnd: In
tEtm. Send te attorney general's; office
for papers affecting him and his official
character and conduct. ,
C. B. Barrett, a U.S. detective,Philadel
phia, can also enlighten you. Yeurr,
Wallack.
m
STATS ITEMS,
fen Monday night, in Rochester, Beaver
county, Jehn Reich and Christ. Wack had
a dispute, in which Reich shot Wack, but
did net kill him.
William Gelden, a colored man, who is
a native of Pittsburgh, was fatally injured
in an affray in Chillicothe, Ohie, en Sun
day morning. He had a quarrel with a
boy named Cousins in the Emmit house
and Cousins then shot him.
Congressman Kletz is confident that
Clark, Democrat, who was rejected for
census supervisor, will yet succeed. He
says after two or three Republicans are
rejected Hayes will will aniin send in
Clark's name.
Elisha J. Ferrest, one of the eldest
members of the Lehigh county bar, left
Allentown for Philadelphia last Tuesday
te pay some interest money te Powers &
Weightman. The money has net been
paid and Ferrest has net been heard from.
His family and friends are distressed at
his disappearance.
Grace Delancy, aged four years, in the
old Hatch residence, corner of Willow
and Fortieth streets, Lawrenccville, where
her parents live, was playfully leaning
ever the banister of the stairway en the
second fleer talking te some one below,
when she lest her balance and fell te the
first fioeor. She alighted en her head,
striking the fleer with fearful force.
When picked up the little cirl was in
sensible, and as her skull was crashed she
will die.
Twe Pittsburgh boys Themas Coughlin
and Jeseph Huff, aged about fourteen
years, started out from Braddock's en a
thieving expedition, as is supposed. When
about two miles from Braddock they quar
relled, when Coughlin struck Huff with a
railway coupling-pin crushing in the skull
and inflicting a fatal injury. Huff was
found lying en the side of the railway by
the attaches of the Pennsylvania railroad
passenger train, and removed te the hag
gage car. Coughlin was arrested by the
train men about a mile west of the place
where the encounter occurred, and he was
brought te the city. Huff is still living,
but cannot recover, and both boys,
although yeunjr, have bad reputations.
LATEST NEWS BY MAIL..
The Lousiana Republican state conven
tion will meet at New Orleans en May
24.
Geerge Baily, jr., a prominent operator
in grain at Baltimore, died yesterday pneu
monia. Father Moriarty, of Catham, X. Y., has
just received the apostolic benediction of
Pepe Lee XIII.
The five-cent bill (reducing fares en the
elevated reads) has been killed in the New
Yerk Senate.
An incendiary conflagration has de
stroyed the cane fields of the Conquista
plantation near Cardenas.
Mrs. Elizabeth Walsh, whose char
acter had been considered unexceptionable
has been found guilty at New Yerk of
shoplifting.
Calvin Roberts, colored, was shot, but
net fatally wounded, by City Marshal
Lane, while placing obstructions en the
railroad track near Senatobia, Miss., en
Monday night.
The house of Francis Griswold, at Seuth
Nyack, N. Y., was burned yesterday morn
ing, and his three-year-old daughter,
Ruth, was burned te death. It is sup
posed the fire was caused by a coal oil
lamp. Four stores in Stratford, Ont.,
were burned en Monday night. Less, $30,
000. Sneering at the "Curbstone Deli-sates."
Lancaster Examiner and Express.
Au opportunity is also te be given te
such as wish te. te express their choice for
president and also elect delegates te repre
sent them at Chicago (en the curbstone)
and also vote for their choice for United
States senator. And new this agony is
ever, and the canvass for place will begin.
Ne one has felt it necessary te " with
draw" te save the dear people in their in
alienable right, and the right te vote, and
vote several times for president. United
States senator and "curbstone delegates"
te Chicajre ! Sclah !
The Chester County Democracy.
The Democratic county convention,
which met in West Chester yesterday,
was very largely attended. The result of
the meeting was that Chester sends a solid
Bayard delegation te the state convention.
It is headed by Hen. Rebert E. Monaghan,
elected by acclamation, Jeseph B. Baker,
S. E. Nivin, esq., Dr. Percy neskins and
Newton Evans.
LOCAL INTELLIGENCE.
The Gem Fuzzlc.
The Examiner's young man is net satis
fied with the Intelligencer's solution of
the 13, 15, 14 position of the Gem puzzle.
He says it is an old solution and has been
rejected by the "manufacturers" who ac
cept no solution except that which leaves
the blank in the lower right hand corner.
We have seen no such conditions exacted
by the " manufacturers " or any one else ,
and if our solution is an old one we would
like the Examiner te inform us when and
where it was published before it appeared
in the Intelligencer. That the Exami
ner's young man is net posted in the 15
puzzle is evident from the fact that he
rehashes as a local a long article from a
Washington paper, in which the writer
proposes te solve net only the 13, 15, 14 po
sition, but also the 14, 13, 15 position by
arranging the blocks perpendicularly in
stead of horizontally, and commencing the
count in the upper right hand corner.
This is an old arrangement of the pieces
that was illustrated by diagram in the New
Yerk Herald and ether papers several
weeks age I In conclusion, we will wager
a big red apple that there is no ether
solution of the 13, 15, 14 position, count
ing horizontally from right te left, and
leaving no blank between the blocks, ex
cept that given in the Intelligencer,
and if it was ever announced before it ap
peared in the Intelligencer, we are net
aware of it.
Runaway Horses and Males.
Yesterday afternoon about half-past 4
o'clock two horses attached te Zellers &
Herchelroth's market wagon, took fright
while standing in Centre square and ran
furiously down Seuth Queen street te
Church, and up Church te Duke street,
where they were stepped and captured.
The affair created quite an excitement,
but very little harm was done te either
horses or wagon and fortunately the runa
ways did net come in collision with any
ether teams.
Seven mules, belonging te Mr. Jehn
Geed, of Marticvllle, and attached te a
heavy .country wagon used for hauling
coal, became fractious en Seuth Queen
street, near Vine, this morning, and at
tempted te run off. The driver clung te
the reins with a stout grasp and succeeded
in checking the animals, but the leader
broke the chain holding him te the pole
and galloped away down the street at a
lively gait.. After running several squares
the animal was caught by a colored man
and brought back, uninjured, te Heae's
teverm.
OCR MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETT.
First Conference Meeting a Saccess.
Last evening the Microscepical society
held its first conference meeting, and there
was a full attendance' of members, with a
number of invited guests, te hear the
opening exercises. The medical fraternity
is well represented en their list no less
than seven of the twenty-five members
while the pulpit and the bar are also rep
resented. The meeting was called te order at 8
o'clock, when the Rev. C. Elvin Houpt
delivered the opening address, in which he
clearly and succinctly set forth the object
of the organization, and dwelt at length
en the beauties of microscepical investiga
tion which he aptly designated as the
science of relaxation. He bade the society
Ged-speed in its voyage of discovery, aud
te the word of salutation and welcome
added the wish that the connection of
each member with the association may re
ward him renewedly by the widening of
the circle of his own knowledge, and the
enlargement of the pleasure hie takes in
scientific study.
The secretary, Mr. J. D. Pyott, then
gave a brief account of the origin of the
Scientific club, of which this society is the
first result, and predicted great things for
the future of both.
Then came the principal address of the
evening, namely, a lecture by the presi
dent, Dr. J. W. Crumbaugh, en
The Microscope.
As the derivation implies, this is an instru
ment for viewing small things objects tee
minute te he seen by the naked eye. All
the different makes of microscope belong
te one of two classes ; the simple and the
compound.
The simple microscope has but one lens,
and is used principally for dissection of
animal or vegetable tissues; but as the
power increases, both spherical and chro
matic aberration increase in like proportion.
The latter is characterized by producing
images whose edges are blurred and sur
rounded with a colored border, produced
by the different refrangibilily of the light
rays ; for a lens (which is an infinite series
of prisms) decomposes as well as refracts
light, and en account of this disper
sion, each color has a different focus. This
chromatic aberatien is corrected by com
bining lenses of different substances and
curvatures. Spherical aberration is caused
by the greater refraction of rays passing
through the edges of a lens whose aper
ture exceeds ten or twelve degrees. This
is corrected by cutting off the rays from
these edges by means of a diaphragm, or
by combining lenses of suitable curvature.
The compound microscope is composed
of two portions the optical and mechan
ical. The optical portion consists of the
mirror, the eye-piece and the objective.
The mirror is simply a reflector arranged
se as te adjust te different distances from
the stage, and reflect light from any angle.
It should be flat en one side and concave
en the ether, te threw a strong light di
rectly upon the object. The eye-piece con
sists of two plane-cenvex lenses, the flat
sides upwards, with a diaphragm of suit
able apertures between. The lens nearest
the eye is called the eye-lens, the lower the
field-lens. The use of the eye pieee is te
amplify the image as given by the ebjec
tive. The objective is a combination of
lenses in the lower part of the instrument.
On its perfection chiefly depends the value
of your microscope. Its lenses are se ar
ranged as te render the image achromatic
and te give a flat field. Unless corrected
for spherical and chromatic aberration, the
objective is useless. A defect in the for
mer respect is detected by examining a
scries of parallel lines, which should come
up sharp and clear ; a defect in the ether
particular is at once seen in the colored
edges blue predominating if uuder-cei-ted,
red if ever-corrected. Flatness of
field is tested by placing your stage mi
crometer (a glass plate ruled tehundredths
and thousandths of an inch) under the mi
croscope and fecussiug ; if all parts of the
field are in focus at one time, it is said te
be flat if the outer parts are blurred, the
glass is defective. These hints will enable
you knew the glasses that you don't want.
The angle of aperture is the angle
formed by lines drawn from opposite
edges of the object glass te the fecal
point. The rating of objectives by num
bers has no relation te their fecal distance,
the diameter of the anterior lens, the angle
of aperture, or the working distance. It
indicates the equivalent of a single lens of
the same magnifying power as the combi
nation that is, a objective has the same
magnifying power as a single lens of
inch focus. The most valuable for ordi
nary use are the 1 inch and inch ; these,
with a ceuple of eye pieces and extra
lengths of tubing, give quite a large range
of diameters. Working distance is' the
distance between the object and the brass
rim protector around your objective.
The question is eiien asked, Hew many
diameters can you get ? The question
should be, What can you show with a
certain amplification ? If in working with
a given power you get geed definition and
resolution what is gained by increasing
your power ? Yeu could see no mere ex.
cept perhaps defects in your objective.
The camera lucida is a prism, mounted
in such a way as te reflect the image upon
a paper upon your table when the micro
scope is S3t horizontally ; and its use is
that the image thus given can be traced.
It is an advantage te darken the part of
the table occupied by your paper.
Thus, the optical portion of the instru
ment is really the microscope ; the remain
ing mechanical portion consists merely of
arrangements for usinj; the former with
greater facility. It consists of the stand,
tubes, coarse and fine adjustment and
stage. The stand needs te be firm, and
its best form has but three points in con
tact with the table. It must be heavy te
allow the horizontal position already de
scribed ; mounting en gum is an improve
ment, as decreasing vibration.
The tubes are for the purpose of mount
ing the lenses. The lower tube is raised
or lowered by a rack and pinion with
milled head ; this is the "coarse adjust
ment. " The fine adjustment is made by
means of a micrometer screw. This latter
is needed only for the higher powers.
The stage is the platform for holding the
object and different accessories ; it should
be 3 inches long and 2$ wide ; a large stage
is an advantage ; a rotary is better than a
sliding stage.
These are the points needed te be known
before commencing work ; ethers will be
given as needed.
The speaker then gave some instruc
tions as te the care of the eyes warning
the members te use as little light as would
de the work, and net te work tee con
stantly at first ; that these wearing glasses
in reading should wear them in the work
as wall; tad set te forget te wiak this
seemingly unnecessary precaution was
given that the beginners might give their
eyes every chance of rest. Keep both eyes
open during your work, even with a mo
nocular instrument ; use eye shades ; work
with the instrument at an angle ; change
eyes, using first ene then the ether. Then,
after cautioning the society as te manipu
lation of the objectives, he closed whh
some remarks concerning the microscopic
society, of Camden, one of the livest of
American associations.
The lecture which we have thus briefly
sketched, was fully illustrated by diagrams
en the blackboard, and by the manipula
tion before the class of the first microscope
made for the society an Acme whose
performance is said te be highly satisfac
tory. There were also en the table two ether
instruments one of Zentmayer's make,
the property of Dr. H. B. Stehman, and
one of Beck's, belonging te the president.
A number of interesting slides were shown
en these at the close of the lecture, and
the instruments proved a powerful centre
of attraction ; one of them having a polar
izing attachment, whose changes of color
were pronounced by the ladies " lovely."
Altogether the meeting was interesting,
both scientifically and socially, and fully
justifies the expectation of a successful fu
ture for the society.
The next conference meeting will be held
en the third Tuesday in April, and as the
number of visitors is limited, we predict
that invitations will be at a premium here
after. It is expected that the society will
have four instruments at work by next
meeting; and these, with these already
mentioned as private property, will give a
variety of illustration and instruction.
rHILADKLFUIA M. K. CONFEKKNCE.
The I)i9ciiH!en Over Ministers in Business.
On the opening of the Philadelphia
conference of the Methodist Episcopal
chuich yesterday morning in Union church
the discussion upon the resolution offered
yesterday by Presiding Elder Paxson, rela
tive te ministers engaging in secular em
ployment, was continued.
Rev. T. B. Nccly said there was danger
of striking at innocent parties. Must a
minister refrain from doing anything of a
secular eapacity when his living depends
upon it ? A care should be exeruixed hew
sweeping resolutions are passed. He
offered the following as a substitute,
and said he wanted it understood he
did net own a loot et land, but he was
net going te interfere with these who de :
" Jlcselced, That we express it as our
judgment that preachers should net allow
secular matters te interfere with the faith
ful discharge of ministerial duties but that
great care should be exercised te prevent
the multiplication of charges which are un
able te give a comfortable support te pas
tors, se that ministers shall net be com
pelled te resort te secular effort in order te
obtain a living."
Presiding Elder Swindells said the objec
tion te the resolution offered en Monday
was te the form and net te the substance.
" Fer years there has been among the
ministers of this conference," he said, " a
running criticism en these who divide
their time between ministerial and secular
duties. If a minister is fortunate enough
te receive a legacy in money and buys
United States bends he has a perfect right,
but a minister has net a right te be
connected with any secular corpor
ation ; if he docs that he compromises
himself as a minister. It is damaging te a
church the petty bickering te see hew lit
tle they can pay a minister or hew much.
These brethren affected by the resolution
are net these who have received an inade
quate support. Seme of them like a small
charge en condition that they are allowed
te engage in some secular pursuit. The
class who are affected by this resolution
are these who seem te have a great love
for the world and go into secular occupa
tion se as te add te their substance. It is
damaging te a preacher te adept any line
of business which is at all secular. It is
net a mere concession te public sentiment.
When the public press brings home serious
charges te any Methodist preacher, he has
a right te prove it false. Ne one can es
cape the tongue of public slander, but it
is another thing for a man te be charged
with violating vows he has voluntarily
taken upon himself."
Dr. A. Rittenhouse said the conference
was net as widely separated en the ques
tion as they appeared te be.
"Besides, he added, " tee much is some
times said en one side of a question. Oc
casionally a brother engages in sccularities
which compromise his moral character.
Again, there are innocent secularitics en
which tee much time is spent."
" I believe," said Rev. Andrew Gather,
"that the whole discussion is entirely un
necessary. There is the great vow beneath
it all, that ministers will net be secular.
The Discipline and the exercise of it lay a
hand en him. I pretest against a general
resolution in the matter."
Presiding Elder Cummins thought no
action could be formulated in this matter
te meet any one case. " Allusion lias been
made, " he said, "te the . formation of
charges which cannot give the pastors
proper support, but I am net here te have
a word said in reference te a brother
having caused such a state of things te
come te pass, except where it was a case
of actual practical necessity. Help is just
the thing that is needed. There is a class
of charges represented net only by their
membership, but by a number of outside
friends who will contribute te their sup
port. "
Rev. Mr. Ridgway "I want te knew
hew it is in rcference te the churches that
are organized right ever another ene and
cripple it in that way ?"
Elder Cummins "That I knew nothing
about. I've been in the country se long I
don't knew what is going en here. "
Rev. S. M. Cooper said the Methodist
church is a secular one. There are breth
ren receiving $3,000 a year who go about
delivering lectures at $50 or $100 a night.
One man has just as geed a right te put out
his shingle as a doctor, as another ene has
te put out his shingle as a lecturer. I sup.
pose you knew I am superanuated. I'm net
worn out, but played out."
"Amen!" "Amen!" went out, which
created shouts of laughter.
"Reference has been made," continued
Mr. Cooper, "te ministers preferring small
charges in the city te charges in the coun
try. I want it distinctly understood I'm
net of that kind."
" Brether Cooper certainly led me te be
lieve," replied Brether Swindells, " that
he did net want te go te the country."
" I certainly never said anything which
could give out such an impression," in
sisted Rev. Mr. Cooper.
" It comes down te a question of veracity
Between lirether Loeper and myself," said
Elder Swindell, "but I am satisfied that he
gave out that very impression."
Rev. W. L. McDowell said it was an
injudicious thing te introduce this resolu
tion at this time, as charges had been
brought against brethren, and the com
mittee should net be embarrassed by any
vote of the conference.
"A Methodist minister should de his
duty," said Elder Paxson. "It is a
question about which there should be no
debate. There is nobody en trial in this
conference for engaging in secular pursuits
but the charge is immorality. It would
give me great satisfaction if the parties
engaged in the trial of the brethren should
bring in verdicts of 'net guilty' in both
cases, for I knew they will ae what is i i.ht.
There are some people in the traveling
miaistry who are aet thought te be pure.
This is net from "their being engaged in
secular pursuits, but because they are nt t
leading consecrated lives. I de net fetl
that I have a right te be anything else than
a pastor and preacher. It is the duty of a
minister te support his family, but he
should net be false te the vows he has
taken. The conference should give a
deliverance, but net in the words of
Brether Neely's substitute, which means
nothing. .
" I dp net care for what a smart or
otherwise reperterinay say about me in a
respectable or otherwise newspaper. I de
care, though, for what my brethren in the
ministry think of me. If it had net .been
for the little appointments, there would
never have been any large ones, and if this
plan is adopted the conference will be
obliged te dispense with the services of 30
or 40 men."
Rev. C. J. Thompson moved that the
whole matter be laid en the table.
Rev. T. B. Neeley had obtained the
fleer and claimed he had a right te speak
en his substitute, but Bishop ' Merrill in
formed him he would have a chance after
any ethers who desired te address the con
ference en the subject.
A motion te postpone all action was car
ried, and Brether Ncely was deprived the
right of speech.
Father Weed, who is connected with
the Independent Catholic movement new
in progress, was introduced and addressed
the conference, after which a resolution
was adopted as fellows :
Resolved, That having heard the interest
ing statement from Rev. F. W. Weed of
the working of the "National Independ
ent Catholic movement," we express our
hearty geed wishes for its success, and
request the appointment of a committee
of live te further its interests.
Rev. T. B. Ncely then offered the follow fellow follew
ing: "Resolved, That we respectfully request
the general conference :
" First. Te se change the law of the
church that presiding elders shall be
elected by the annual conference.
" Second. Te consider whether it would
net be mere economical and effective te
have a bishop for each conference, with
advisory beards of presiding elders, who
shall be chairmen of small districts, and at
the same time have a pastoral charge ; and
"Third. Te consider what ether changes,
if any, should be made in the work of pre
siding elders."
Brether .Neely was debarred the privi
lege of speakiugte his resolution until Dr.
Fowler, of the Christian Advocate, had
been given an opportunity te address the
conference.
Rev. T. B. Neely then obtained the fleer
te speak en his resolution. " During my
fifteen years' connection with the confer
ence, " he said, "I have never once-uttered
a bitter retort te the president. I never
wish te be a presiding elder it it involves
my having a lordly supremacy of manner
ever my brethren, and causes me te leek
down en them in a condescending way. I
consider an electoral presiding eldership
the best thing under the present circum
stances. The ministers should have a
right te say what kind of a man they wish
te wield their destinies, se that they may
make a change when the wrong kind of a
man becomes presiding elder. If there
was a bishop for each conference the
church would be saved nearly $500,000 a
year, and the bishop would have a chance
ofbeceming thoroughly acquainted with
the members of the conference. "
On motion of Rev. J. Cunningham the
consideration of the matter was postponed
for the present.
Rev. Mr. Neely was again subjected te
the inconvenience of gag iaw.
The Next Conference.
By a vote of the conference it was agreed
te held the next annual conference at Potts
ville, the time te be fixed hereafter by tins
bishops.
The question of the time of adjourn
ment of the present conference came up,
and Rev. Coombe moved that there be a
session last night, and that the business of
the session be completed.
Rev. W. L. Gray aree, and, witli con
siderable feeling, said : " When brother
are arraigned before the church 1 hope
they shall have all the rights the vmiter
ence guarantees te them. Ged forbid that
we should be hurried in a transaction
which involved the life of a minister of the
Lenl Jusus Christ !"
Rev. S. W. Themas also advised the
conference te take time, and the resolution
was laid en the table. The conference
adopted a resolution requesting the bishop
te Hx the time of the next conference oil
the third Wednesday in March, 1881.
The conference adjourned after the adop
tion of the following :
Resolved, That the trustees of Cambria
street church be authorized te sell their
church building and te transfer the pro
ceeds te the trustees of the Cookman M.
E. church ; and that the church at New
Mines may be sold by its trustees the pro
ceeds te go te Swatara church.
THAT LAST OPINION.
The Seventh Ward Klectien Case " Ceuuly
for Costs." v
Last evening, just before the adjourn
ment of court, after the newspaper report
ers, the clerk of quarter sessions, and
nearly all the lawyers had left the court
room, Judge Patterson read his supple
mentary opinion in the Seventh ward con
stable election contest.
It will be remembered that in that pa it
of the opinion already read and printed,
certain votes had been declared illegal, ami
an examination by the commissioners
found that 22 of these votes were cast for
Erisman and G for Merringer, thereby in
creasing Merringer's majority te 17. Judge
Patterson concludes as fellows :
"It is apparent, therefore, that Jehn
Merringer received the greatest number of
legal votes at the election held February
18, 1879, and is entitled te the office of con
stable for the said ward and the petition is
new dismissed, and as the return of said
election elected the incumbent by a ma
jority of one and the petition in this pro
ceeding having named three or mere per
sons as having been illegal voters and
proven se te be, the complaint was net
nude without probable cause and it is con
sequently ordered by the court that the
county of Lancaster pay the cost of this
proceeding.
"The court is of the opinion that the
bill presented by the two commissioners
or examiners for services in this proceed
ing, te wit, $350, is net excessive ; but
which we certify te be reasonable and cor
rect, and the same is allowed and ordered
te be taxed with the costs in the case.
"Beth judges concur in this order."
In order te make up a complete and sat
isfactory bill of the fees of witnesses in tie
asc, all witnesses, en both sides, are cj
pected te meet in the orphans' court room,
at 7 o'clock, en Friday evening next, te
hand in their time ; otherwise they may be
missed.
Cnmailable Letters.
In the rack at the postemce is a let
ter addressed te Mrs. Frizzle, 478 Balti
more street, Baltimore, the writer having
neglected te pay the postage en it.
There is also a letter, without any ad
dress, enclosed in a sample envelope, man
ufactured by Corlies, Macy & Ce.r New
Yerk.
Letters addressed te "Benjamin ReifTr
130 and 132 Seuth Frent street, Philadel
phia," and "H. E. Shimp, North Broek,
Chester county, Pa.," are also held for
postage.
1
14
I 1
i
21
4;
r
'
it
1
9
3VS
.
'J. I
!.
it
S'
&i
i
V'
Cf
I
&
I ;
tt
n
m
m
.rj
pie
iff
7i.
i
tiii
fS ('
;i
P
3J
II
r
i
I
4i
i