is \23>o 3TBtTi32SJ - .; >' "
Whole No 2884.
J? O E T IFt
Lines on the Death of Capt. I. Bush Alex
ander, of Lewistown, Pa.
Cytij-b-jied by a number of Company C, \oth Pa. Cavalry,
after the Battle of Mine Run.
Mount the steed and away, 'tis the bugle's shrill call;
Bsr the path of the foe with a live movint? wall:
From the hail of the carbine, the strokes of the steel,
The grey columns of treason will falter and reel.
He flew to the van. as at Kelly's Ford fight,
Where the host, of Fitz Hugh felt his young growing
might,
As at Middleburg Wood and the red field of fame,
Where valor and glory emblazoned his name.
Hear the faint, bleeding hero—his duty well done —
••Be firm boys: press onward; remember Mine Run:"
Richer blood of a hero ne'er crimson'd the land,
From the crest of Blue Ridge to the surf-beaten strand.
Though the eye of affection bedews each loT'd urn,
Points the sword against traitors that caused us to
mourn:
And with duty to Union and freedom will blend
The full heart in the stroke for the mien of the friend.
And the glory enstarrmg our voting martyr's name,
Who gave youth's rosy years to his country and fame,
Like the pillar of fire, leads our Israel on,
Tnrough the waste till the hope of the nation is won.
And where'er the 16th bears the flag of the free.
Swords shall leap from their sheaths, Alexander, for
thee.
MISCELLANY.
Scarcity of Money In I'tab.
You have tight money markets some
times in the East. I heve read of how
semi savage nations "barter." I saw
it cited, as a curious fact in the
newspapers, that in Georgia eggs are
used as " small changebut in Utah
I see around me a people, a prosper
ous people, doing the business of life 1
almost without money at all In Salt
Lake City itself, right in the line of '
travel, there is some money; but in the
country settlements which radiate
thence into every valley and by every
water course for a hundred miles, it is
literally true that they have no circu
lating medium. Wheat is the usual
legal tender of the country. Horse,
harness, vehicles, cattle and hay are
cash; eggs, butter, pistols, knives,
stockings and whiskey are change:
pumpkins, potatoes, sorghum, molas
ses and calves are " shinplasters,"
which are taken at a discount, and
with which the saints delight to pay
their debts (if it is ever a delight to
pay debts). Business in this commu
nity, with this currency, is a very cu
rious and amusing pastime. A ped
dler, for instance, could take out his
goods in a carpet-bag. but would need
a •• bull" train to freight back his mo
ney. I knew a man who refused an
offer to work in the country at fifty
dollars a month, because he would
need a " forty hundred wagon and
four yoke of oxen" to haul his week's
wages to the whiskey shop theatre,
Ac., on Saturday evening That was
an inconvenience, truly. And yet the
farmers in the country towns suffer
from an exactly opposite grievance.—
The y cannot keep their big sons from
sneaking into the granary at night and
taking off a half bushel or so of wheat,
carrying it to the dram shop and hav
ing a - high." When a man once lays
out his money in any kind of property,
it is next to impossible to reconvert it
into money. There is many a man
here, who, when he first came into the
valley, had no intention of remaining
more than a short time, but soon got
so involved that he could never get
away without making heavy pecunia
ry sacrifices. Property is a Proteus,
which you must continue to grip firm
ly, notwithstanding his slippery chan
ges, until you have him in his true
shape —now you have him as a tine
horse and saddle ; presto, he is only
sixty gallons of sorghum molasses;
now he changes into two cows and a
calf, and before you have time to think
be is transformed into fifteen cords of
wood up in the mountain canon; next
he becomes a yoke of oxen, then a
"shotler" wagon; ha! he is about to
slip from you at last in the form of
bad debts ?— Late. Letter from, Salt Lake
City.
A Child of the Forest. —A very curi
ous event occurred in Hungary during
a bear hunt. A very savage she bear
had just been mortally wounded, when
ali at onco a youug girl, about twelve
years of age. rushed out of the thicket
and threw herself upon the expiring
beast, giving utterance to the most la
mentable cries. After a good deal of
difficulty this young savage was cap
tured, by means of cords and nets. It
bad been discovered that a peasant
woman, some twelve years ago lost
her child, a little girl, on the confines
of the forest, and has never since been
able to gain any tidings of her. A
certain Countess Erdoedi has taken
the little girl under her care, and is
obliged to feed her with roots, lionev
and raw meat—the usual food of bears
It will be most interesting to discover,
when the child has received an educa
tion and her mental faculties begin to
v elop themselves, it she will rctnera
." former state, and he able to
give an account 01 nei- SUJI
Remarkable Cave In Westmore
land County.
About one mile southeast of the vil
lage of Hillside, a station on the Pa.
railroad, in Westmoreland county,
says the Blairsviile New Era. there is
a natural cave, called by the early set
tlers the Beer Cave, which name it
retains to the present day. Why it
has received this name is more than
we can tell We were fortunately one
of a party who visited this cave some
tour years ago, and its features are
indelibly impressed upon our memory.
1 he party consisted of six persons, all
of whom were provided with hook
lamps, twine, fire-arms, and each an
old suit of clothes for entering. Tak
ing the train at Blairsviile, we alighted
at Hillside, and after a refreshing walk
of half an hour up the gradual slope
of the Chestnut Kidge to the south
and east, reached the mouth of the
cave, which at first sight appeared to
be nothing more than an opening amid
a large mass of towering, moss-covered
rocks, into which the most timorous
was reluctant to enter. Donning our
old clothes, lighting our lamps, and
tieing the outer end of tiie twine
firmly at the mouth of the cave, en
tered the subterranean passage, curry
ing the ball with us, unwinding it as
we proceeded. After traversing a
straight but narrow court or alley for
about three hundred feet, 3*oll come to
a room out of which lead a dozen or
more passages, each one in a different
point in the cave. We selected what
appeared to be a most capacious one,
and entered to the end of our twine,
some 1,400 yards, or three-fourt lis of a
mile.
The explorer is at once reminded of
his insignificance, as lie stands amid
such wondrous works of nature, those
massive rocks on either hand being
capable of crushing him to death
should a certain earthly agitation cause
them to quit their places Or, as he
leans tremblingly over the verge of a
deep and narrow chasm, listening to
the faint sound of the gurgling water
below, he feels a eh ill of horror as he
contemplates his tragic end should a
mishap hurl him into its depths. This
cavern is of curious structure, being so
formed as to admit of exploration
either way you wish to go. to the right
or left, up or down. Streams of pure
spring water course down through
rocky ledges, and nestle in artificial
reservoirs at their base, giving an air
of comfort to the dirt-begrimed ex
plorer The rocks forming the sides
and ceilings of the different rooms and
and passages are set with the stalac
tites. shedding off a strange lustre
when brought in contact with the light.
The sandy rocks are literally covered
with names from ail parts of the coun
try, and dated as early as 1820.
A number of years ago a lady from
Pittsburg lost herself in the cave and
being unable to regain the course to
the mouth, perished; her whitened
bones were found a few years after
ward by an exploring party, being the
only vestige left to tell of her unhappy
fate. She had probably entered the
cave unguided, and thus unthinkingly
subjected herself to an awful death by
starvation.
Nothing can be more striking to the
lover of romance in nature, than this
truly historic cave. The discoverer is
not known, and it mar be this was
one of the accustomed haunts of a
savage band of Indians, and more lat
terly the rendezvous of a den of thieves,
who infested this county in 1852. It
has never been explored to its fullest
extent, but it seems to cover a large
area, as our party crossed their twine
two or three times. For some dis-
tance. perhaps a rod or more in certain
places, it narrows down to a small cir
cular hole, perhaps two feet or more
in diameter, and then into a large spa
cious room. Shaped in the rocks are
to be seen the outlines of snakes, liz
ards, and other curious shaped reptiles,
and occasionally the marks ot human
feet and hands in the solid rocks—
once supposed to be of soft clay. Bats,
both white and black, are found, which
set up a terrible screeching upon the
approach of the light, a thing to which
they are unaccustomed.
A Man Blown Sixty Feet into
the Air Comes Down to Teii
the Story.
Mr. II F. Brown, one of the injured
passengers of the ill-starred Gen. Ly
tle, makes the following statement in
regard to the frightful explosion on
Monday last. V\ e quote the exact
language of Mr. Brown :
"Was on the engine deck about ten
minutes before the explosion; went i
down there from curiosity; saw no one
attending the engines until the bell
rar.g to check the boat. Tho striker
run from some part of the boat, and
checked her par ially; about half a
moment afterwar is a fireman came
aft from the lar' . 1 side and said, in
an exciting manner, this boat will blow
up in five minut<> The next thing I
knew I was goin h up in the air, amid
WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 29, 1866.
smoke, steam, timbers and other parts
of the wreck. The striker beat me
going up, but I came in first. While
going up I had perfect control of my
senses, and I thought to myseif, sixty
feet in the air and no place to light, i
but soon found myself mistaken, when
I landed on a plank in the water, bruis
ing me quite badly. Saw a lady in the
water and gave her all the assistance
in my power. Her husband soon came
to her. I called to the officers of the
St. Charles to come alongside, that the
boat was on fire. They promptly put
on the hose and extinguished the fire
The officers and crew of the St. Charles
did all in their power to aid our party. !
Just before the explosion I heard some i
one on the decs say 'she's running ;
pretty well; she's got one hundred and
eijght\* pounds on.' Am positive the
boats were racing at the time of the |
explosion After I got on board the
St. Charles 1 enquired of one of the
engineers who assisted me, 'will this j
boat blow up? How many pounds of!
steam are you carrying?' lie replied I
'there is no danger; we were tending !
to our business; they were not.' Mv
companions, Hall and Thomas, were |
lying partly undressed. Did not see j
them until they got on board the St •
Charles. My father who was on board
came off all safe. Was formerly an
engineer by profession, and think the
explosion the result of culpable negli- !
gence on the part of those in charge
of the engines '
Baltimore Items.
A friend furnishes us the following
items from that city :
A Great Market. —On Saturday even
ing the Lexington market was crowd
ed to overflowing with people, who
hafl difficult}* in forcing themselves
along the extended lines of stalls and ■
wagons. We have never witnessed in
those market houses such a vast eon- I
course of people, a majority of whom
were women. The fruit and vegetable
departments were the chief sources of:
attraction, and the prices were very
low. Choice tomatoes from Anne I
Arundel county, the garden spot of the
State, sold at twelve cents per peck,
the largest tender green corn for six
cents per dozen, cantaleups of the nut
meg species sold for from one to six
cents; whilst watermelons, known as
the silver grey kind, sold for three
cents. There were many huge piles
of this delicious fruit, from which the j
purchaser might take his choice for
five cents, the dealers declaring that
they would not take any home again. I
Hue Fshing. —Anglers of this city
report that the fish are abundant in i
the favorite fishing grounds, and that
they take the hook vigorously. At 1
Spring Gardens, near the public estab
lishments of Mr. Stowman and of Mr.
Busch, white perch and rock have been
taken in large numbers, whilst in the
middle grounds and in Back River
Neck they also abound. On Saturday j
afternoon Messrs. Lewis Ritter and ;
Joseph H. Ainey went to the grounds
of Mr. Wm Hengey, and after two I
hours' sport, succeeded in catching j
over fifty-seven dozen white and yel
low perch, sun fish and rock.
Violent Ass tuti upon an Officer by
"Conservatives." —Yesterday evening, j
shortly after six o'clock, Policeman J.
Sanders of the %vestern district police,
while passing the corner of Mulberry
and Chatsworth streets, observed a
crowd of about ten drunken young
men obstructing the footway. He
warned them of their conduct, when
one of them, Francis McFadden, re- !
plied in rather rough language, and
the officer caught hold of him for the
purpose of taking him to the station
house, whereupon the whole party
rushed up, crying " Kill hiin"—"kill
the damned Radicaland another of
them. John MeCarty, caught hold of
the officer and held him so tightly that
the latter was compelled to release
McFadden in order to arrest MeCarty.
At this juncture, while the crowd sur
rounded him, the officer was tripped
and tell on the street, when McFadden
ran up and kicked him over the left
eye, bruising him severely. The po
liceman soon jumped up and ran after
McFadden, but before he reached him
policeman Garrison had caught him.
Upon the way to the police station
they said they were " Conservatives,"
and would meet the officers at the polls
on election day. All of them are " ac
tive" members of the Johnson Club of
the Thirteenth ward, one of them be
ing the treasurer. They were locked
up to await an examination this morn
ing. The treasurer had $22 30 in his
pocket when his drunken frolic was
brought to such a sudden close.
f&X SOO PER YE AR ' We want
agents everywhere to sell our
IMPROVED SJO Sewing Machines. Three new kind*.—
Under and upper feed. Warranted five vears.—
Above salary or large commissions paid. The OSLT
machines sold in the United States for less than S4O,
which are fully licensed by Howe, Wheeler <f H ilton.
Grocer <f "Biker, Singer <t Co., ami Bachelder All
other mac in lies are infringement* and the teller or
t ucr arc liabU. to arrast, fine, and imprisonment. Circu
lars free. Address, or call upon shaw 4 Clark, Bid
deford, Make, or Chicago, Illinois. dec 30-isly
XaIETTIBIR.
FROM
D4SIEE J. WORRELL, ESQ.,
General Superintendent of the Cambria
Iron 11 orks, Johnstown, Pa., to the Sec
retary oj the American Iron and Steel
Association.
JOHNSTOWN, P.. Aug. 19, 1865.
DEAR SIR: Your letter of 17th inst.,
is received, in which you ask me to
furnish a statement of the taxes, direct
and indirect, apon a ton of inanufac
lured iron, and to give you such views
as the subject ma}* suggest to my
mind.
In considering any topic connected
with, or bearing upon, the great man
ufacturing interests of the country, it
is necessary in the outset to disabuse
the mind of the popular but erroneous
impression, that the subject is agitated
for the sole benefit of capitalists Iron
masters write and speak and memori
alize on the subject of protection ; they
meet to discuss it, and combine to se
cure it, and it would seem, at a super
ficial view, to be a question solely be
tween them and the Government. It
is not so. The}* are a mouthpiece for
innumerable workingmeu, who, thro'
them, demand the right to labor and
to live. The industry of these men
has sustained, perhaps saved, the Gov
ernment. They pay it directly and
indirectly a large portion of their wa
ges. By their aid the national credit
has been maintained, and adequate
protection frill enibie them to repair
the waste ft war/and to insure the
liquidation of the national indebted
ness. The Government is in partner
ship with them, aui dependent upon
their prosperity. It must protect
them, if it would protect itself. Does
it do so ?
In answer to your letter, I propose
to show what proportion of its value
every ton of American manufactured
iron pays into the public treasury, and
how much of this is a tax upon the la
borer; and shall contrast this with the
duty upon imported iron, to show the
comparative regard of the Government
for its own citizens, laboring for its
support, and foreigners who have arm
ed and aided a rebellion for its over
th row.
I shall endeavor, partially at least,
to analyze a tor of iron, to show what
it represents, and how its elements af
feet the common weal and are affected
bv the laws of the land.
It has been usual for ironmasters, in i
estimating the cost of a gross ton of
ordinary bar iron, to consider it equiv- !
aient to the value of fifty days' average !
labor, and my observations have con- j
vinced me that this calculation is ap
proximately correct.
My experience in the manufacture i
ot rails shows that an average of about
thirty two days' labor is expended di
rectly in the production of a gross ton
of railroad bars—in taking the ore and j
coal from the mines, and delivering i
the finished iron from the mill ready ;
for shipment. Add to this the wear
and tear of furnaces, machinery,
buildings. &c , interest a capital, and
royalty for the minerals consumed, and
it will appear that the estimate of fifty
days' labor is not much too great, even
upon a ton of rails, when a lair margin
is allowed tor profit.
Claiming no profit, and making no
charge for interest on capital or for
minerals, the net cost of a tou of rails
ma}- be fairly stated at forty days' la
bor. The natural advantages or dis
advantages of location wiil vary this
estimate somewhat; but as labor is
generally less productive or more cost
ly, where Xature has most lavished
her favors, the actual cost of produc
tion remains nearly the same. Hence
the cost of iron, in dollars and cents,
depends upon the wages paid for the
labor which produces it, and the value
of the wages received by the work
men depends upon the cost of 9uch ar
ticles as he needs to purchase for him
self and family. These articles are now
high in price, and wages must there
lore be high. The exigencies of Gov
ernment affecting the currency have
enhanced the cost of the necessaries of
lite, in the supply of which there is no
competition trom abroad. The price
of the product of the workingman's la
bor should be proportionally enhanced,
and thus an equilibrium maintained;
and this would be the case if there was
no outside interference. Unfortunate
ly lor him, foreign labor, unaffected by
the exigencies of our Government and
bearing none of his indirect burdens,
enters into competition with him and
threatens his destruction. It should
also be remembered in thisconneetion,
especially by the lawmakers of the
land, upon whose enlightened action
the welfare of the toiling millions of
our people depends, that the working
man of America aims to save some
thing, aod rightfully claims that he
should be able to lay aside a portion
of his earnings to secure the future of
his family. That he may do this, it is
not enough to make duties equal to di
rect and indirect taxes, but he must be
BiSWES-liCWHa SGEKKMBy UTSiTSJo
further protected against the labor of
European workmen who are compelled
to toil from year to year tor what will
barely keep bod}* and soul together.
That portion of the price of a ton of
import ml ir< which stands for the wa.
ges of lab-.. presents coarse food,*
mean raiment, ,i . worse lodging, po
litical nullity, enforce i ignorance, serf
dom in a single occupation, with a pros
pect of eventual relief from the parish.
That portion of the price of a ton of
Amerean iron which stands for the
wages of labor, represents fresh and
wholesome food, good raiment, the
homestead, unlimited freedom of move
ment, and change ot occupation, intel
ligent support of all the machinery of
Municipal, State, and National govern
ment, with a prospect of comfortable
old age, at last dividing its subsistence
with blessings among prosperous chil
dren
Thus it is easy to see why imported
iron may be cheap and American iron
dear; for the latter, in addition to its
other burdens, pays an extraordinary
tax to freedom and enlightenment,
which are assuredly deserving of pro
tec-tion
The cheapening of American iron by
competition with American iron satis
fies the requirements of trade, produ
ces a harmony of interests, a perfeet
equilibrium of values, and gives stabil
ity to all the pursuits of industry. The
cheapening of American iron by com
petition with imported iron is degra
dation of the national life, derangement
of nationa. business, and a disaster to
the National Government.
In times of great depression in this
country labor has fallen to an average
cost of seventy-five cent< per day, and
rails could then be produced at a net
cost of thirty dollars a ton ; but taking
the average of labor at two dollars
per day, the net cost would be eighty
dollars per ton, the calculation exclu
ding direct tax, interest, royalty, and
profits.
Ihe English and Welsh ironworkers
receive at this time an average of about
fifty cents per day, and the ironmas
ter who employs this cheap labor can
make rails at a net cost of about twen
ty dollars per ton; and he can land
them in this country by paying a duty
but little greater than the direct tax
paid by the American maker, whose
product has been further enhanced in
cost by heavy contributions to the
treasury in the form of indirect taxes
Itis difficult to fix the precise amount
ot indirect tax paid on a ton of rails by
the wurkingman, but I offer the fol
lowing approximate estimate, based
upon long continued and careful ob
servations. I have assumed that 82
days' labor is expended directly in the
production of a ton of rails, and that
8 more are further expended for the
materials and supplies consumed and
used, and which are the product of la
bor elsewhere than at the works. As
suming therefore forty da\*s' labor as
the number expended directly or indi
rectly on the production of a ton of
rails, seven and a half tons will be the
annual production of each hand, or
one hundred and thirty three and a
third (188£) men are emploj-ed in ma
king a thousand (1000) tons of rails
Including the miner, the millman, the
mechanic, the cierk, and the manager,
with the day-laborer, the experience
of ironmasters will bear me out in say
ing that this labor cannot be obtained
now for much less than the average
wages of two dollars per day. Believ
ing this to be a safe estimate, we find
that every ton of rails costs eighty
dollars in wages of labor. At least
four-fifths of this sum. or sixty-five out
of eighty dollars, are expended in living
as soon as earned, and it is possible to
tell very nearly lur what it is spent,
and what revenue the Govei nment de
rives from this source upon a ton of
American iron, which of course it could
not receive if the iron was manufac
tured abroad.
The following statement is made up
by a careful comparison of the purcha
ses of different grades of workmen, and
while it is not preteuted that perfect
accuracy has been obtained, I feel oer
tain that the widest observation and
most minute scrutiny will not convict
it of material error.
TABLE SHOWING THE INDIRECT TAX
PAID BY LABOR ON A TON OF RAILS.
Articles Taxed.
Value. Tax.
Sugar, $2 00 $ 30
Coffee 90 10
Buckets, tubs, <fec., 50 2.4
Svrup, 1 50 8.
Matches, 6 2.
Tea, 1 50 25.
6 lbs. Soap, 1 00 7.2
Vinegar, 50 2.
Brooms, 60 2.7
Carb. oil, gas, candles, &c\, 50 7.
Hardware, qu'nsware&c. 2 00 40.
Pat. med. phy'sfees, Ac., 125 15.
Muslins, 2 50 12
Hoisery, &c. t 80 10
Cheeks, Ac., 50 2.6
Calico and ginghams, 375 18.3
Cloths, cassinete, and
flannels, 3 75 17.
Manufactured clothing. 2 00 12
Boots and shoes. 4 00 24
Vol. LVI. No. 34-
: Beef, pork,& other meats,lo 00 3.
1 axes, stamps. &c., \ 00 15
1 gall, whiskey, 4 Oo 2 00*
1 " beer, 40 3.
1 lb. tobacco, smoking, oo 35]
1 " 44 chewing, 100 40
Cigars, 9 75 25
j Sundries, 2 64 15.
SSO 00 So S3
Articles not Taxed.
Rent, S4 00
1 barrel flour, 5 00
Butter and cheese, 2 00
Lard, 20
Vegetables, eggs, Ac., 4 00
sls 20
Not taxed, sls 20
Taxed, 50 00
$65 20
Amount tax, $5 83
It will be seen from this statement,
that of the S6O 20 expended by the
workmen SIS 20 are untaxed, and that
850 00 pays 85 83 to the Government.
Lest you may think the estimate of
one gallon of whiskey to a ton of iron
is extravagant, it is proper to state
that upon examining the freight-books
of the railroad company at this station,
I find that for the last five years there
have been received here by the retail
ers of liquor more gallons of whiskey
than we have produced tons of rails,
including recoiled and new iron In
1864, there were over 1000 barrels, or
40,000 gallons of whiskey brought here
by rail What came in wagons from
the numerous distilleries in Somerset
and Westmoreland Counties was more
than equal to ail that was taken to the
J country for consumption, and it would
be safe to say that nine-tenths of that
drank in our town was consumed by
those employed in the works. The
calculation as to beer, tobacco, and se
| gars, is also based upon actual sales of
the articles to workmen, and is under
rather than over the true consumption
per ton of iron. This estimate of the
consumption of those heavily taxed ar
ticles by ironworkers will be sustained
by all manufacturers wbo have inves
tigated the matter.
It may be said that the workmen
I would be better without them, and
while admitting this, we claim that
they are no less a source of income to
the Government at the expense of the
manufacturer, who has to pay ir the***
increased cost increased wages. In
fact, the whole amount of this indirect
i tax paid by the laborer is laid upon
and swells the cost of the ton of rails.
As a conclusion of the whole matter,
let me no%v briefly present the snm of
direct and indirect taxes paid by the
American laborer and manufacturer,
and contrast it with the duty upon
foreign rails.
TABLE SHOWING TOTAL DIRECT AND
INDIRECT TAXES ON A TON OF RAILS.
Tons. Rate.
Pig Iron, 143 $2 40 $ 343
Coal, 7 72 06 47
Rails, 1 00 3 60 3 60
Add 12 per cent to make gross
ton, 90
$8 40
Indirect tax paid by laborer, 5 83
Indirect taxes paid by manufactu
rers: Tax on incomes, stamps,
licenses, oil, steel, brass cast
ings, machinery and repairs,
bricks, gum and leather belt
ing, freights, and the innumer
able other items connected with
manufacture and sale of iron,
will add at least two dollars
more, 2 00
sl6 23
Import duty on ton 2240 lbs., 15 68
, Excess of tax over tariff 1 , 55
This calculation Bhovs that the Govern
ment interferes with the production of
iron not to protect the domestic manufac
turer, but to pay a bonus of 55 cents per
ton on imported iron. If acquainted with
the cost in detail of other articles of Amer
ican manufacture, I could with equal ease
show that similar injustice is done, and
that the internal tax, direct and indirect,
exceeds the import duty on corresponding
articles ot foreign production. The Amer
ican laborer, thus burdened witb the mul
tifarious incidents and responsibilities of
his position as a citizen of a free country,
is now engaged in desperate competition
with the foreign laborer, who toils for back
and belly alone. The Government, which
i is vitally interested in the contest, looks
■ on indifferently, or opposes her own chil
dren. Every blow struck by the Amer
ican workingman tends to the perfect res
toration of Government credit and finance,
and to the destruction of his own prospect
of a livelihood; for every increase in the
value of national currency is instantly
marked by a decline in the reward of his
labor, and iron is at a zero, while his food
and clothing are at fever heat. Resump
tion of specie payment, unless normally
attained through a revenue policy restrict
ing excessive foreign imports, will be the
knell of American manufacturers, and the
industry of the country will be buried in
the same grave. After a period of suffer
ing, suspenson, and bankruptcy, manufac
turing industry may again revive and
struggle 00 with indifferent success, but