- JRETSS23J®IEIB sJs iPCTraTMrgflHircti^
Whole No. 2797.
Lewistowu Post Office.
Mails arrive and close at the Lewistown P.
0. as follows;
ARRIVE.
Eastern through, 5 48 a. m.
" through .and way 421 p ra.
Western " " " 10 55 a.m.
Bellefonte " " " 2 30p m.
Northumberland, Tuesdays, Thursdays and
Saturdays, 6 00 p. m.
CLOSE.
Eastern through 8 00 p. m.
•' " and way 10 00 a. m.
Western " •' 300 p. m.
Bellefonte 8 00 "
I Northumberland (Sundays, Tueesdays
and Thursdays) 8 00 p. in.
Money can be forwarded through this of
fice in sums from SI to S3O, by the payment
| of the following fees: From $1 to $lO ten
| cents; $lO to S2O fifteen cents; S2O to S3O
twenty cents.
Office open from 7 30 a. m. to 8 p. m. On
Sundays from Bto9 am. S. COMFORT, P. M.
PENNSYLVANIA RAILROAD.
Trains leave Lewistown Station as follows;
Westward. Eastward.
Piitsburgh and Erie
Mail, 3 5G a. m. 10 45 p. m.
Baltimore Exnress, 5 26 a. m.
Philad'a Express, 605a. in 12 18 a, m.
Fast Line, 625 p. in. 516 "
Mail 421 "
Fast Mail. 10 55 " i
Harrishurg Aecom'n, 3 44 p. m. !
Emigrant, 10 47 a. m.
Through Freight, 10 30 p. in. 150 a m
Fast " 9 45
Express " 12 10 p m 12 35 p. m ;
Stock Express, 5 oft p in, 900 "
Coal Train. 1 15 p. in. 11 45 a. m. j
Union Line, 7 41 "
Local Freight, 730 a. tn. 625 p. m. |
NOTE. —The Pittsburgh and Erie Express
leaves east and west daily except Sunday ; j
Baltimore Express west daily except Monday; j
Philadelphia Express east and west daily ;
Fast Line east daily except Monday and west
daily except Sunday; Fast Mail east daily ex- i
eept Sunday; Mail Train west daily except j
Sunday: Harrisburg Accommodation east dai- j
lv except Sunday, and Emigrant west daily !
except Monday.
Fare to Philadelphia, $5 85
" Baltimore, 5 20
" llarrisburg, 2 10
" A1 toon a, 250
" Pitishurgh, 6 60
•i#-G*!braith's Omnibuses convey passengers to j
end from all tiie trains, taking up or setting them
down at all points withiu tlie borough limits.
I
Mifflin & Centre County R R.
Lewistown and Reedsville.
OX and after Monday, January 2, 1865, I
tra n will leave Lewistown and Reeds !
ville as follows:
Leave Lewistown for Reedsville,
(mail) 7 30 a. m.
Leave Reedsville for P. R. R. 830 "
P R. R. for Reedsville 11 00 "
" Reedsville for Lewistown II 30 " i
" Lewistown for Reedsville Ilop. m.
" Reedsville for P. li. R., mail 215 "
" P. R. R. for Reedsville 425 "
" Reedsville for Lewistown 515 "
fIaSU The train will stop at Lewistown,
Freedom Iron Works, Yeageriown, and the
Crossing of the Turnpike above Mann's low
er Axe Factory, going and coming.
JOHN WATEKHOUSE,
jau4 Eugineer.
WILLIAM LIND,
has now open
A NEW STOCK
OF
Cloths, Cassimeres
AND
VESTINGS,
which will he made up to order in the neat
et and most fashionable styles. apl9
AMBROTYPES
AND
The Oemi oi the Season.
r PHIS is no buuibug, but a practical truth
J. The pictures taken hy Mr. Burkholder
are unsurpassed for BOLDNESS TRUTH
FULNESS. BEAUTY OF FINISH, and
DURABILITY. Prices varying according
to size and quality of frames and Cases
Room over the Express Office.
Lewistoww, August 23, iB6O.
Kishacoquillas Seminary
AND
NORMAL INSTITUTE.I
U* ILL commence its winter session. OC j
IOBER 12, 1864. and continue twen :
ty weeks. Cost for Board. Furnished Rooms. '
an 4 1 uition in English Branches, $75. Fuel,
Light and Washing extra,
tor particulars see catalogue.
S Z SHARP, Principal.
Kishacoquillas, Sept. 21. 1864.
Academia, Juniata Co., Pa,
C COMMENCES its Summer Term May 4th. j
/ 1864 For circulars address
Mrs O. J FRENCH. Principal, or
ANDREW PATTERSON, Proprietor.
sp6 1864-Iy
GEO. vr. ELDER,
Attorney at Law,
Office Market Square, Lewistown, will at
end to business in Mifflin, Centre arid Hunting
don counties oay26
STOVES.
I) EMEMBER that F. J. Hoffman has a
v tine assortment of Cooking, Coal and 1
W uod Stoves, at lowest prices. jan4
L. LYONS' PURE OHIO
Catawba Brandy,
AND
. Sparkling Catawba Wines,
Equal in Quality and Cheaper in Price than
the Brandies and Wines of the Old World.
I FOR SI MMER COMPLAINT. CHOLERA INEATCM. DI
ARKHTKA, BOWEL COMPLAINT, CRAMP A COUC.
A sure Cure is yuaruntied, or the money will
be refunded.
IN support of the above statements, are
presented the Certificates of Dr. Jas. R.
| Chilton, Chemist, New York; Dr. liiram
Cox, Chemical Inspector, Ohio; Dr. James R.
Nichols. Chemist, Boston; Dr. N. E. Jones,
Chemical Inspector, Circleville, Ohio ; Prof,
j C. T. Jackson. Chemist, Boston ; Dr. Cbas.
i Upham Shepard, Charleston, S. C.; and J. V.
Z. Blaney and G. A Mariner, Consulting
Chemists, Chicago, all of whom have ana
lyzed the Catawba Brandy, and commend it
in the highest terms, for medicinal use.
) Analysis of the Massachusetts State As saver,
January 25, 1858.
When evaporated through clean linen it
left no oil or offensive matter. Jn every res
pect it is a PUKE spirituous liquor. -The oil
which gives to this Brandy its flavor and aro
ma. is wholly unlike fusil, or grain oil. Its
odor partakes of both the fruit and oil of
grapes With acids, it produces ethers of a
high fragrance. The substitution of this
Brandy tor Cognac Brandy will do away with
the manufacture of fictitious spirits, sold un
der this name both at home and abroad.
Respectfully,
. A A Ilayes. M D.,
j Assayer to State Mass., 16. Boyleston St.
By the same, in 1804.
I have analyzed " L Lyons' Pure Catawba
; Brandy," with reference to its composition
; and character, being the same as that pru
duced in past years. A sample taken from
I ten casks afforded the same results with re
i gard to purity; a slightly increased amount
j of the principle on which its flavor depends
I was determined hy comparison with former
I samples.
The indications of analysis show that this
j Brandy is produced hy the same process as
j most of the imported Brandy.
Respecfully,
A A.IIAYES M D State Assayer,
Boston. July 20, '64, 16 Boyleston St.
Manufactured by H. H. Jacob & Co-,
j (To whom all orders should be addressed,)
Depot, 91 Liberty St., New Y'ork.
| nov9 3mos.
E. & H. T. ANTHONY & CO..
Slanufaclorm of Photographic Materials,
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL.
501 BROADWAY, NEW YORK.
JN addition to our main husinees of PllO
TOGKAPIIIO MATERIALS, we are
i Headquarters for the following, viz:
STEREOSCOPES
AND
STEREOSCOPIC VIEWS
Of these we have an i-i-inense assortment, in
cluding War Scenes. American and Foreign
Cities and Landscapes, Groups, Statuary, Ac ,
&c. Also, Revolving Stereoscopes, for pub
lic or private exhibitions. Our catalogue will
he sent to any address on receipt of stamp.
Photographic Albums.
We were the first to introduce these into
the United States, and we manufacture im
mense quantities in great variety, ranging in
price from 50 cents to SSO each. Our Al
liums have the reputation of being superior
in beauty and durability to any others. They
will be sent by mail, free, on receipt of price.
•taTFine albums made to order-
CARD PHOTOGRAPHS.
Our catalogue now embraces over five thou
sand differeut subjects (to which additions
are continually being made) of Portraits of
Eminent Americans. Ac , viz ; about
100 Major-Generals, 550 Statesmen,
200 Briy. • Gederals, 130 Divines,
275 Colonels, 125 Authors,
100 Lieut' Colonels, 40 Artists,
250 Other Ojficers, 125 St aye,
75 Navy Officers, 50 Prom'nt Women,
150 Prominent Foreign Portraits.
3000 Copies of Works of Art,
including reproductions of the most celebra
ted Engravings, Paintings, Statues, Ac. Cat
alogues sent on receipt of stamp. An order !
for one di>zen Pictures from our catalogue j
will he filled on the receipt of SI.BO, and sent j
by mail, free.
Photographers and others ordering goods :
L-. O D will please remit twenty five per j
cent of the amount with their order
E A 11 T. ANTHONY A CO.,
j Manulact'rs of Photographic Matrials,
501 Broadway, New York.
fcaj~ The prices and quality of our ■ oods
J cannot fail to satisfy. nov9-ly.
n. P. ELLIS.
OF the late firm of McCoy and Ellis, has
just returned from the city with a choice
; assortment of
DRY GOODS & GROCERIES,
j selected with care and purchased for cash,
which are offered to the public at a small ad
| vance on cost.
i suitable for ladies, gentlemen and children,
with uianv new patterns. His
UKOCEKIUM
comprise choice Sugars, Molasses, Coffee, Su
perior Teas, Pure Spices, Ac. Also,
QIEOaWAKE, (ILASSWASE,
and all other articles usually found in Stores,
: all of which his old customers and the public 1
in general are in v. ted to call and examine.
Country Produce taken at full mark et
| prices.
It F. ELLIS.
Lewistown, March 9, 1864.
I FOUND out that Hoffman's is the place
for Groceries.
WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 11, 1865.
For tiie Educational Column.
Genius.
> There is no error more common or inju
1 rious to man than the opinion in regard to
genius, namely, that it is an especial gift
of God to certain individuals; that our com
I rnon mother, Nature, partial in the distri
I button of intellect to the human family,
- has made some men great, and distinguish
ed, without any additional labor or exer
' tiou on the part of those upon whom she
j has bestowed it.
How many young men are endowed with !
\ all the necessary faculties to enable them
to become ornaments to their country aud
a glory to the age in which they live, if
they but knew the powers that lie dormant
in them. It we examine the history of
persons whose names have been handed
down from time to time as the distinguish
ed of the earth, we will find that they,
through the proper use of the talents which
God gave to them, by close application of
their minds and continued perseverance,
distinguished themselves.
Our minds are formed on the progres
sive principle, and there is scarcely a limit
! to their improvement. Hence, if we wish
to acquire knowledge—if we wish to he
come wise and good, we must not expect to
be able, to grasp the depths of science at
once, or to overleap the bars of ignorance
at a single hound. Slow hut sure should
he our motto; determination our watchword;
and then will the bright prospect of u gio
j rious iuture be spread out before us.
Man's grand distinction is his intellect
his mind, by which he ascends the sweet
scented path of science; by which he soars
through the regions of space, and takes an
imaginary view of the universe of God
But the mind uncultivated to a certain ex
tent is dead, and can form no proper idea
of the wisdom, greatness and glory of its
j creator. ihe elements of genius are im
i p anted in the bosom of everv individual,
' to a greater or less extent, and all that is
I required to show the brilliancy of its ius
' tre is to put it to act on. I'e re vera nee
unflinching perseverance alone can make a
genius, and I feel assured that no one has
ever become celebrated without it Deep
mysteries flv f rom before it. rough and rug
ged ways become smooth when it approach
cs, obstacles of stupendous magnitude are
easily removed by its mighty power; great
difficulties are 1 loked upon as insurmount
able, hut gradually thev disappear, and
perseverance is proclaimed conqueror Per
! severance grasped the thunderPolts of Jove
and dragged thetr. to the earth. It ealcu j
lated the distances to the different planets, |
and their periodical movements It discov
ered the univirsal law of attraction, and its j
great importance to the material world It I
has exposed to our view many of the tnys ;
teries of nature, which can only be com
prehended by deep and continued thought !
We never know our strength until we ap
ply it. It is so with the mind; its power
can only be tested by putting it to work.,
and the more it is exercised the stronger
will it become. If mankind could be
made sensible of the power of the mind,
and the glory of that immortal principle.
methioks that ignorance and vice of every
character would take their everlasting flight
lrorn this earth of ours. \ r oung mau, do j
you thirst for fame ? Do you desire that
your name may be handed down to future
generations as one of the world's greatest
and noblest characters? then let aic urge
you to make good use of the talents which
our Creator has given you. Wrestle for it
as did Jacob with the angel of the Lord,
and 1 promise you success beyond your
most sanguine expectations. Although dif
Acuities and doubts may surround you thro'
a long uight of mental toil, the conquering
power of perseverance wiJl bring >ou un
told success in the morning. The more
dilligently you have struggled, the more
i earnestly you have labored, the more bril
liantly will the sun of fame spread its
; beams over the community in which you
| have thus toiled. Let me point you to a
Patrick Henry, an Elishi Burritt, and a
host of others, who by their own exertions
have distinguished themselves as statesmen
| arid scholars.
Young lady, you have genius slumbering
within you; you have a mind, if carefully
polished, may he made to sbine bright as
a star in the-deep vault of heaven. Let ir
not continue to be hidden in its darkened
chamber, but bring it forth, and let its
brilliancy <Le made known to the world.
H. VS. j
CO BTJILDERS.
npHE undersigned having an extensive Pla
ning Mill in operation, is prepared to
furnish worked Pine Flooring, and Weather
Hoarding, at short notiee.
A A BARKER.
Lbensburg, Pa., Nov. 23. 1864.
CALL at Hoffman s for the best V alentine
Iron. Ilnrse Shoes, Nail R ids, Round A
I Square Iron, and Scollop from Ito 5 inches;
Bar Iron-, all sizes and a very heavy stock of
Gast. Shear, Spring and Blister SteCl, Anvils I
Vices, Bellows, Files, Borax and every thing
you want.
(KKKIT FALL
FN the price of Iron and Nails at
' JL jao4 HOFFMAN'S.
ANNUAL MESSAGE
OF THE
Governor of Pennsylvania.
To the Senate and House of Representatives:
l ,V, ,n u g t year tfle people of this Common
wealth have had reason to he grateful to Almighty God
tor many blessings. The earth has tieen fruitful, in
dustry has thriven, and with the exception of the in
jury suffered by the citizens of some of our border
counties, through the disgraceful barbarity of the rete
,iL , es r' h hu h r ava S e d parts of them, and burned
the town of ChamLersburg. we hare no publicmisfor
tune to lament. The year closes with a train of bril
liant successes obtained by the armies of the United
states, inspiring hope in every loyal mind that the ac
cursed rebellion will soon be crushed and peace be re
stored to our country.
The balance in the treasury, Nov. 30,1863,
u W"i4s , _ , ' $2,147,331 70
Receipts during fiscal year ending Nor.
3d > 1864 4,733,313 02
Total in treasury for fiscal year ending
Nov. 30. 1864 $6.850.644 72
1 Ihe payments for the same period have
I tjee " 4.938.441 09
j Balance in treasury, Nov. 30,1864 $1,942,203 63
The operations of the sinking fund during the last
year have lecn shown by my proclamation of the 27th
day of September last, as follows:
Am't of debt of Commouwealth,
reduced $268,569 50
As follows, viz:
Five per cent, loan of Cont'eallh 268.308 03
Interest certificates redeemed 261 47
$268,569 50
The fiscal year accounted for in the statement of the
Treasury Department. embraces the time from the
Ist of December. 1863. to the 3 th of November. 1564.
The sinking fund year commenced the first Monday
tu September. 1863. and closed the first Tuesday in
September. 1864. This will explain the discrepancy
between the statement of the freasttry Department
as to the reduction of the public dent of the State,
and the statement embodied in the proclamation rel
ative to the sinking fund.
Ain't of public debt of Penn
sylvania. as it stood on the
Ist day of Dec.. 1563 $39,496,596 78
Deduct am t redeemed at
State Treasury during the
fiscal year ending Nov. 30
1864. viz: Five per cent,
stocks $194,722 73
Four and a-half pret stocks 10.000 00
Interest certificates 2,270 11
Public debt Dec. 1, 1864 39.379.603 94
Funded debt, viz:
Six per ct. loans, ordinary 400.630 00
Five per et. loans, ordinary 35,605,263 72
Four and a half per centum
loans, ordinary 255.200 00
Unfunded debt, viz:
Relief notes in circulation 97,251 00
Interest certificates outsta'g 13.u56 52
•' " unclaimed 4.448 38
Domestic creditors'certiffa- 724 32
36,379,603 94
Military loan per Act May 15,
1861 " 3,000.000 (8)
Total public debt. Dee. 1, '64 $3y.3t9,1i1'3 94
The Commonwealth holds bonds received from-tbe
sale of Public Works, amounting to ten million, three
hundred thousand dollars. tsl9.3u,Uou 00) as follows .
Pennsylvania Railroad Company bonds $6,800,000 00
Pliilad a and Erie R. R.Company bonds 3.500,0tX) uo
$10,300,000 00
These bonds are in the Sinking Fund, and reduce
the public dm t to $29.079:603 94.
t he tax on tonnage imposed by the acts of 3rtth
April and 25th August, 1864.has yielded something
less tnan $200,000 —a much less sum than was antici
pated 1 recommend a revision of these acts for the
purpose of rendering this source of revenue more
productive, and amernung other defects in those bills.
The revenue derived fjrom the tax on banks during
the year amounts to $539.eu9 tbut under the enabling
act "of the State so nvtny of our banks latve lieeome
i National banks under the act of Congress, that this
: source of revenue may be considered as substantially
extinguished, and it will be necessary in some way to
i make up the deficiency from other sources.
; The act of Congress authorizes the taxation by the
; State of the stock in tsie National banks in the hands
1 of the holders, not exceeding the rate of taxation itn
j posed on other similar properly, and part of the defi
] eiency may be thus provided for.
The amount of debt extinguished by the Sinking
; Fund during the year is uuusually small, which is to
be accounted foe, by the extraordinary expenses
which have been iueiirred. Seven hundred and ihir
teen thousand dollars ($713,090) hare been paid to re
fund to the banks the money advanced by them to
pay the volunteers in service'duritig the invasion of
the State in 186.",, One hundred thousand dollars (SIOO,-
000) have been distributed among the inhabitants of
Chambersburg, suffering by the rebel destruction of
their town. About two hundred thousand dollars
($299,090) have, been expended under the acts provid
ing for the payment of extra military claims, aud in
addition to these extraordinary outlays, the amount
appropriated to charities was last year larger than
usual.
In my opinion this matter of donations to charities
is fast Tunning into a great abuse. Houses of Refuge,
and Instate, Blind and Deaf and Dumb Asylums, ap
pear to.be proper subjects of istate bounty, because
their c ejects are of public importance and to be use
ful, and well and economically managed, it seems to
[ be necessary that they should be more extensive than
would be required for the wants of a particular county.
But in our system, ordinary local charities are left to
the care of the respective localities, and to give the
public money for their support is really to tax the
inhabitants of all the counties for the beiiefit of one.
The national taxation is heavy and roust probably be
roade heavier, and the local taxes authorized by un
wise legislation and paid by our people are excessive.
In view of these circumstances, we should endeavor
to avoid increasing their burdens by making undue
appropriations for any purpose.
It being alleged tiiat the Atlantic and Great Wes
-1 tern Railroad Company has not in various particulars
obeyed the law t.y which it was incorporated, the At
torney General (on the suggestion of parties claiming
to be thereby injured) lias tiled an information tit
equity agatusl that co ipany, seeking an injunction to
prevent a continuance of its past, and the persistence
in its intended illegal course.
Since my last annual message on the report of John
A. Wright, Esq., that the Suubury and Erie railroad
was finished, I ordered the bonds remaining in the
treasury to be delivered to the company.
It is a subject of just pride to the people of this
Commonwealth, that this great work is completed,
and whilst it opens a large and wealthy part of the
State to the commerce ot the seaboard, and unites
capital and enterprise within our borders, it se- i
cures to tite Commonwealth the payment of the
sums due her from the company.
In mv special message of 3utli April last, to which I
reter. 1 communicated to the Legislature, in some
I dentil, toe circumstances connected with the advance
i by banks and other corporations of tne funds to pay
| the volunteer militia of 1563.
It is not necessary here to recapitulate them at
length, the case was peculiar, and ins believed none
quite like it has occurred. The call for volunteers
was made by tiie authorities of the United States, but
it beiug found that men could not be got under that
call, the form of a call by the EState authorities for the
defence of the State was, with the assent of the Pres
ident, substituted. The United states agreed to fur
nish the arms, subsistence and supplies, but it was
alleged that Congress Itad made no appropriation
covering the pay. In this state of things, the emer
gency being great, the Secretary of War telegraphed
me. thus:
Washinotox, July 22, 1863.
7b His Excellency, Guv. A.G. Cartiii:
Your telegrams respecting Die pay of militia,called
out under your proclamation of the 27th ot June, have
been referred to the President for instructions, and
have been under ins consideration. He directs me to
say, that while no law or appropriation authorizes Die
payment, by the General Government, of troop.-that
have not been mustered into the service of the United
States, be will recommend to Congress to make an
appropriation for the payment of troops called into
State service to repei an actual invasion, tucluding
those of the State of Pennsylvania, if, in the mean
time. you can raise the necessary amount.a.- hasheen
done in other Stales, the appropriation will be applied
| to refund Die advance to those wno made it. Measures i
have been taken for the payment ot troops mustered |
into Die United States service, as soon as the muster !
and pay rolls are made out. the answer of tuis de- j
partment, to you as Governor of the State, will he given
directly to yourself, whenever the department is pre
pared to make answer. . !
(Signed) E. M.STANTON, Secretary of War.
The banksandiHi.eroorp'jratiuus refused to advance
the money units* i would pledge utystU to ask an
3LISW222 } (2)WSJr2) IPSSySJo
appropriation from the Legislature to refund it. It
will be noticed that the pletke of the President is
clear and distinct, but. notwithstanding the money
was paid and the accounts settled and placed in the
, hands of the President before the meeting of Con
| gress. no stteh recommendation as promised me was
I made, and for t.'iat reason the bill introduced for that
| purpose failed. The men were rai-ed and placed
; Under the command of Major General Couch and the
other 11. S. officers in this Department The troops
were held in service longer than the emergency for
which they were called out required. Several of the
! regiments were marched immediately into distant
I parts of the State, by order of the officers of the artnv
i stationed in Pennsylvania, against my repeated re
monstrances. They were retained, as was alledged.
to preserve the peace and enforce the draft. Nearly,
! it not quite, one-half the money was paid to troops
thus held, and after the emergency bad expired.
I Finding that the appropriation was" likely to fail in
I Congress, 1 laid the matter before the Legislature,
j just prior to their adjournment, in May last, and an act
| of Assembly was immediately passed to refund the
money out of the Stale Treasury, which, as above
stated has been done. I ought to say that tlie appro
priation by Congress was vigorously supported by all
the members from this State, in both branches.
Having done everything in my power to procure the
payment of this just claim ot the State. I now recom
mend that the Legislature take the subject into con
sideration with a view to induce proper action by the
President and Congress.
By the act 22d August. 1564, I was authorized to
cause an immediate enrollment of the militia to he
made, tutle-s that recently matte hv tlio I'm ted States
should be found sufficient, and to raise by volunteer
ing or draft a corps of fifteen thousand men for the
defence of our Southern border The I'nited States
enrollment being found very defective. I directed an
enrollment be matte, which "is now in progress under
charge of Colonel Lemuel Todd, whom I appointed
Inspector General. A draft by the United States was
then in progress, and it was not thouhgt advisable to
harrass our people by a contemporaneous State draft
even if a drait had been practicable under the present
law. Volunteers could not be obtained, there being
no bounties, and the men notbeing exempted hv their
enlistment in that corps from draft hv the United
•States. fortunately the United State placed an army,
under Gen. Sheridan, between us and the enemy, and
thus provided effectually for our defence. With such
adequate protection as proved by the brilliant cam
paign of that army. I did not think it right to incur
the expenses to tiie State of an independent army,
and the withdrawal of so many of our people from
their homes and pursuits. Meanwhile arrangements
have been made with the authorities at Wa-liiugton
tor arming, clothing, subsisting and supplying the
corps at the expense of the United States, and an
order lias been given by the authorities of the United
States to furlough su.-h volunteer.- in the corps as may
b3 dratted by tlie United States. T'ie corp.* so privi
leged not t<> exceed 5,000 men. Tt i- my intention o
raise 5,000 men during the winter, and I "have already
adopted measures to that end. There may occur
irruptions of irregular bodies of the rebels, and it is
well to be provided against them. The numbei pro
posed to be so raised and put into actual service, will,
in my judgment be sufficient, and a regard to due
economy requites that no more than are sufficient
should hy placed on pay. The remaining lO.non will
be organized, and ready for service in case of neces
sity. 1 invite your immediate attention to trie vt rv
able report of ue Inspector rieneral. which sets forth
the defects in the lavy which he has discovered in ins
preparation for carrying it into practical effect.
1 he State agencies at Washington and in tiie South
west. are in active and successful operation, i com
municate herewith tiie reports of Col Jordan, at
Washington, and Col. Chamberlain, agent for tlie
South-west. The provisions of tlie law requiring the
agents to collect moneys due by the United States to
soldiers, have been benifiecnt. A reference to their
reports will show the magnitude and usefulness of
this branch of their service, i desire to invite the at
tention of alt our volunteers, officers, soldiers and
their families to tiie fact that tin* State agents will col
lect all their claims on the Government gratuitous
ly. a* I have reason to believe that many are still ig
norant of that fact, and are greatly imposed upon by
fFw exorbitant commissions charged by private claim
agenfs.
Under the art of the 6th of May. 1864. I appointed
Hon. i homas 11. Burrowes to take charge ot the ar
rangements tor the education of tlie orphans of sol
dins. t commnni ate herewith a copy of his report
on the subject. He has discharged Ins duties with
commendable zeal, fidelity and efficiency. 1 earnest
ly recommend that a permanent and liberal appropri
ation be made to support tiiis just and worthy scheme
of benificence.
1 recommend that an appropriation be made for
pensions to the volunteer militia men. (or their fami
lies.) who were killed or hurt in service in the years
1862 and 1863. As soldiers sometimes arrive here who
are insane, and who should be protected and cared
for. I recommend that provision be made for their be
ing placed in the State Asylum for the Insane, at tins
place, and kept until notiee can be given to the au
thorities of their respective counties, who should be
required to remove and care for them.
I feel it to be my duty to invite your serious atten
tion to the evils growing out of the system of passing
acts of incorporation, for purposes which at e provided
for by general laws. We nave passed acts authorizing
charters to be obtained without special legislation
These acts have b e i generally pr. par d with some
care, and contain the provisions wuicii tlie Legt-lalure
thought necessary to protect the Commonwealth and
her citizens. It these general laws are not found to
answer such purposes, they should be amended and
perfected. If any eompany desires to be incorpora
ted with greater privileges than are conferred, or to
be relieved from any conditions imposed bv anv of
these acts, it appears to me that it should Vie required
first to obtain a charter under the general laws, and
then apply to the Legislature for an act making the
changes which aie desired. The attention of the Le
gislature will thus be drawn to the specific object.and
a jndginent can be formed of its propriety. I would
also observe that great evil results from the habit of
granting privileges to a corporation by a mere refer
ence to some former private act relating to other cor
porations, sometimes without eyen giving the date of
these acts. All these practices are bad. and although
they may sometimes be pursued by parties having no
bad intention, yet they certainly originated in the de
sign of surprising the Commonwealth into grants of
privileges which it was known could not he obtained
if their extent were understood, and they are often
followed now for the same fraudulent purpose.
1 strongly recommend the repeal of the act passed
the 18th day of July, A. D. 1863, entitled "An act rela
ting to corporations for mechanical, manufacturing,
mining and quarrying purposes."
Its provisions are found to lie practically so incon
sistent with the due protection of the citizens and
with the just policy of the Commonwealth, that it
ought not to be allowed to stand any longer on our
statute book. I approved the act in question with
great reluctance, and subsequent reflection and obser
vation have satisfied me of its mischievous character.
1 also recommend the repeal of ?n act passed the
22d day of July. A. d. 1863, entitled "A further supple
ment to an act to enable joint tenants and tenants in
common, and adjoining owners of mineral lands in
this Commonwealth, to manage and developo the
same."
This act allows foreign corporations to hold three
hundred acres of laun in this State for mining purpo
ses. It was passed, it is believed, for the purpose of
enabling companies near our border, engaged in the
manufacture of iron, to hold laud as ore banks. But
under the idea that the sinking of an oil well is min
ing. it is believed that companies have already been
organized under the laws of other States, and that
more will be. for the purpose of holding lauds and
carrying on the oil business in this dta'e. It would be
better to remove all doubt on this question by repeal
ing the act. i'hese companies, being foreign corpo
rations, are not within ihe control of ur laws to the
extent that they ought to be tor the purposes of tax
ation and regulation."
The immense development of wealth in some of
our we-tern counties by the discovery of oil, has add
ed vastly to the resources of trie Commonwealth.
I have made efforts to ascertain the value of tiiis
product during the last year, but have failed hi pro
curing information sufficiently accurate to justify me
in estimating its amount. It is already vast and is
rapidly increasing.
The productions and manufactures of the Stato
have become so diversified and abundant that some
measure should be taken for an accurate ascertain
ment of them, so that their extent rn.iy Ist generally
known, and also that the necessary taxation may be
intelligently imposed. I recommend tor these pur
poses the creation of a Bureau, of wiueli tiie Auditor
General and State Treasurer shall let members, and
the tiead of which shall be a new officer, to be styled
Commissioners of Statistics, or designated by any oth
er appropriate title.
Tlie act of 25th August, 1864, providing for the vo
ting of soldiers, should be carefully examined, with a
view to it" amendment, and. indeed, a revision of our
whole election laws would seem to be desiraole. with
a view to the two essential objects of. 1. The admisiou
of legal and exclusion of illegal vote* at the polls;
and, 2. Faithful and correct returns of the votes actu
ally polled. I communicate herewith the opinion of
the Attorney General on the conflicting returns for the
16th Congressional District, which will show some of
the practical difficulties winch arise under the exist
ing system. Without undertaking to recommend the
adoption of any particular plan, 1 submit the whoie
sullied to yuur careful and earnest consideration, in
the hope that in your wisdom you will lie able to de
vise some measure which wio produce the result so
•aseuuai to tiie existence of a free government: that
New Series—Vol.. XIX. No. 10.
vote. shr.ll hp fairly taken in the tint instance, and
fairly counted Hint returned afterwards
I have endeavored since t came into office to exer
cise as cautiously as possible the powers confided to
the Executive, and avoid usurping anv. I shall en
deavor to persist ill this course to the end.
A new call has been made by the President for 300..
000 men. This renders it proper that I should invite
your attention to the evils which have resulted trom
abuses of the system of local bounties which was be
| gun. in an emergency, by the voluntary and generous
i lovalty of cur citizens, before tlu- pas-age by Congress
j of the enrollment act. and has since been continued
| by sundry acts of Assembly. The result has been to
i the last degree oppressive to our citizens.aud unpro
| duotive of corresponding benefit to the Government.
: In some counties and townships, it is believed that
I the bounty tax during the last year exceeded the av
: erage income derived from the land. Tlie large sums
offered in some places in the competition for men,
have demoralized many of our people, and the most
atrocious frauds connected with the system have be
come common The men of some" of the poorer
counties have been nearly exhausted by their vol
unteers being credited to* richer localities paying
heavier bounties. The system as practiced lowersthe
nvtraU' of the army itself, bv putting into the ranks
(pen actuated by merely mercenary motives and who
are tempted to desert by the facility now existing of
escaping detection, and the prospect of new gains by
re-enlistment, a process which thev expect to he able
to repeat an indefinite number of times. Of the num
ber of men for whom bounties have been paid, it is
believed that not one-fourth have been actually placed
in the ranks of the army, and even those who have
! joined it. have probably not on an average received
I for their own use one-half of the bounty paid for them.
) Immense sums have thus been appropriated by cheats
j and swindlers, in many eases believed to be acting
I in complicity with agencies of the Government.
An ettbrt was made to prosecute some of the par
: tics concerned in such frauds under the Act of As
j sembly of 14th of August last, and they Were bound
! 2 V, i r ''- v l ' >e ay or of this eitv. but after the witnesses
, had eonte here on the meeting of the court, thev dis-
I appeared from the public eye. • I recommend the
. whole subject to your careful'consideration, that the
] system may he purged of these evils.
I am officially informed that the quota of this State
j under the recent call is ob.W.' but fam not informed
I of the principle on which the draft is to he made,
i appears from tiie President's proclamation that it
| is made chiefly to supply an alleged deficiency in for-
Lmer calls. lam surprised at the amount of this large
; deficiency, aud can only account for the difference
: between the number of men furnished by the State
■ and the deficiency alleged to ex st in the assignment
; of the present quota by the assumption that the men
never reached the artnv, although enlisted and mus
tered after the payment of bounties by the localities
to which they were supposed to be credited. It is
probable that there are very lew counties in the State
which have not pud large bounties for a number of
men sufficient to fill thoir former quotas.
I aking the local bounties at the low average of four
hundred dollars, it is believed that it can be demon
strated that the people of Pennsylvania have thus
been robbed of more than twelve millions of dollars
during the past year. This estimate does not include
the money fraudulently taken from men who have
actually gone into the service.
The continuance of these monstrous and unparal
led abuses cannot he tolerated.
Certainly more men are required to aid our gallant
soldiers in the field in crushing this rebellion.and-ev
ery consideration of patriotism and of regard for our
brothers who arc now in the face of tlie enemy, ohir*
ges us to spare no effort to raise the necessary force.
In June last I gave letters to a committee of the
prison society of Philadelphia, requesting tiiat the
committee might be allowed to visit and examine the
prisons and poorhouses throughout the Common
wealth. I transmit with this communication a cony
of the report made to me by the society of the results
of their labors, and commend the same to your atten
tion with a view to the adoption of proper measures
to reform the abuses which have been found to exist.
In connection with this subject. 1 again call your at
tention to the expediency of providing for the recep
tion in the penitentiaries, of persons convicted of
murder in the first degree, and who may be pardoned
on serving a limited term therein. It has become a
custom that an incoming Governor should not issue a
warrant of execution in cases left unacted on by his
predecessor, and it not unfrequently happens that
even in eases which are recent, while some punish
ment should be inflicted, that of death may appear to
the Executive to he too severe. The result is that
mere are at this time, in tiie various prisons, some
eighteen or twenty persons under sentence of death,
and who may lie there for an indefinite period of time.
The vast amouut of additional labor which lias been
imposed upon the Secretary of the Commonwealth
by the existing state of att'airs renders it absolutely
necessary that the clerical force of his department
should be increased. The making ont of commis
sions for our large army of volunteers in the field,
and the preparation of election blanks required by
law to lie sent to the army—the receipt, filing and re
cording the returns of the soldiers' votes—tlie enroll
ment of tlie yearly increasing number of the Acts of
Assembly, and of charters obtained under general
laws and tiie making out of letters patent for them—
all these, together with the previous heavy duties of
the office—lorm an aggregate, the weight of which
must surely break down Ins few subordinates, dili
gent. faithful and enduring as they are. I recommend
therefore that provisions be promptly made to meet
the necessities of this case.
It is a subject of just congratulation that notwith
standing the distracted condition of the country, our
svstom of common schools continues to flourish.
The report of the Superintendent, which I herewith
transmit, shows that there has been an increase of
scholars during the past year. It is important to se
"cure as teachers a sufficient number of men of suita
ble education and ability, and with a view to tins ob
ject, I suggest for your consideration the expediency
of making out of the school fund itself some provis
ion for the support of such teachers as shall after a
given term of service become superannuated or disa
bled while in the performance of their duties.
Of the fund placed in tny hands bv the Acts of the
16th May. 1861, and of the 4th of May. 1864. and to be
appropriated in tny judgment in military service, I
have expended in the last year <6,124 08 in'support of
the agency at Washington—up to the 30th May. last,
for my personal staff and other military service, an
account of which is settled in the office of the Audi
tor' General.
No similar appropriation will be required at this ses
sion.
A bill was introduced and passed the House at the
last session of the Legislature providing for the ap
pointment of a commission to ascertain the damages
done in the counties of Bedford. Fulton. Franklin,
Cumberland, York aud Adams, bv the rebel armv in
1863, which failed in the Senate for want of time.
I commend to your consideration the propriety of
the passage of such a bill during the present session.
It is just to the people of these counties who have suf
fered. as well as to the Government that these dama
ges should be fairly ascertained and the evidence per
petuated. whatever may be the view to be taken on
L future consideration by the United .States or State
| Government as to tlie propriety of paying such elaims
Major General Hancock has been authorized by the
War Department to raise a corps of veterans, "to he
called the First Corps. One of the regulations is that
on application hy the Governor of any State, recruit
ing officers will be designated for such State. I have
been requested by Geneaal liancock to make such
application, but have hitherto declined tocomplv with
the request. It appears to me that tiie families of
men raised on the plan adopted by the Uar Depart
ment would probably not be entitled to the relief pro
vided hy our own laws for the families of volunteers.
I have enquired of General Hancock whether the pro
posed corps is to form part of the regular army or of
the volunteer force, and if the latter, under wtiat act
of Congress it is to be raised. He iias referred that
communication to the War Department, from which I
have as yet received no answer to it.
The following letters have passed between General
Hancock aud myself on tins subject:
PzxxsvtvA.vti EXECUTIVE CHIMDER,
HARKUSHURG. PA.. Dec. liiftu. 1564.
GKXERAL: —I received your letter at the moment of
my departure for Philadelphia on Monday last. 1 re
turned this morning aud hasten to rop.'y.
Having no knowledge of the, organization of the
corps you are to command than what appears in the
newspapers and orders. 1 will be obliged if you wilt
| inform me if it i to be regarded as a part of the reg
| ular army of the United fjtaces, or as part of tiie vol
unteer service.
If it is part of the army of the Uu:to.d.State-. I cer
\ tainly have no connection with it, us Governor of the
j suite. If it is organized as volunteers, be pleased to
I inforfit me under what act of Congress!
I need not say. General, that 1 wouid be most happy
to do all in my power personally and official!) to raise
a force to be commanded by you. Can we not raise
you two or three regiments in Pennsylvania, in the
usual manner and according to the net of Congress,
for your corps? Of course I wauid consult you in
the selection of officers and only commission where
you approved.
I cannot understand the importance of my asking
that parsons be sent to Pennsylvania to lu-iuce veter
ans to go to the lii-trictof Columbia to enlist. I cer
tainty will do nothing to embarrass the plan proposed.
We have benefits, by genera! and special legislation
j in Pennsylvania, which attach to the volunteer aud
■ nis family. While i will do nothing to deter the vet
j erans of the State from entering your corps, I hesitate
' to aannnet myself with a mod* of enlistment whieA