Whole No. 2646.
GOOD NEWS!
i NEW arrival of BOOTS & SHOES at
J\. Billy Johnson's, suitable for fall and
winter, sad cheaper than has ever been sold
in this place ; no mistake.
Men's csarse boots from $1 50 to 3 25
" " 2?5t0 375
BJJS' boots from ( 1 00 to 2 00
Misses and children's, shoes 18 to 75
Man's Gums, $1 00
Women's" • / • 75
Women's gaiters, high heels ! 100 to 125
.neb as have been sold from I 50 to 2 00,
nd everything iu his line Tery low.
Manufacturing of all kinds attended to as
usual, and repairing done on the shortest no
tice. Also, a large assortment Trunks kept
on hand which will be sold very low. Ilis
friends and customers will confer a great fa
vor on him if they will stop asking him for
credit, for his terms are strictly Cash. He
treats both rich and poor alike, so those wish
ing credit will please call where they sell at
large profits. So, eorae on, all you cash cus
tomers, and provide for youselves good Boots
fr the Winter.
oct2 BILLY JOIINSON.
Estate of James HcCllntlck, deceased.
VDTIOE is hereby given that letters of ad
ministration wn the estate of JAMES
McCLINTIOK, late of Union township, Mif
flin county, deceased, have been granted to
the undersigned, the first named residing in
Brown, and the latter in Union township. All i
persons indebted to said estate are requested
to make immediate payment, and those hav- j
ing claims to present tlicni duly authenticated
for settlemei t.
ROBERT BARU.
CATHARINE Mc€LINTICK,
janß* Admre.
listate tf John Itager, deceased.
VOYICE is hereby given that letters of ad
ministration on the estate of JOHN RA
ilfill, late of Decatur township, Mifflin county,
deceased, haw been granted to the undersign
, iu the borough of Lewistown.
Ail perooo-s indebted to said estate are re
quested to make immediate payment, snd
those having claims to present them duly au
thenticated lor settlement.
jnß C. IIOOV £R, Admr.
Estate of Reuben Myers, deceased.
V"OTICE is hereby given that letters tes-
J tamentAry on the estate of REUBEN
MIhKS, late of Granville township, Mifflin
county, deceased, have been granted to the
ander.signed, residing in Oliver township. All
arsons indebted to said estate are requested
1 make immediate payment, and those hav
n claims h present thetu duly authenticated
fir settlement.
janl">-6t ABRAHAM MYERS, Rx'r.
4 I LU TOR'S NOTICE.—The undersigned,
-V appointed Auditor by the Orphans'
I art J! Mifflin county, to distribute the bal
vr.ee in the hands of Win. T. Bell, Adminis
trst'ir of Isaac Jones, late of Mifflin countv,
iee'd., will meet parties interested there
■a at bis ufthe, in Lewistown, .on TUESDAY,
11th iav of March, 1862, at 10 o'clock a. tn.
ja22 JOS. W. PARKER, And.
A 101 TOR'S NOTICE.—The undersign
A ed, appointed Auditor by the Orphans'
urt t MitHin county, to distribute the fund
■he hands uj Cyrus Stine and Samuel £>tiue.
Administrators of Juhn Stine, late of said
' unty, dee'd , vrili meet parties interested
:> rein at his office, in Lewistown, on WED
MSDAY, 12th day of March, 1802, at 10
'clock a m.
• iSn " JOS Ur - PARKER, And.
\ I I'l COR'S NOTICE flu: underpinned,
A Appointed auditor by the court of Com
fleas of Mifflin eotinty, to distribute the
rnee in the hands of Sheriff StanbargeT.
from the sale of the Real Estate cf
•V'tnns Heed, will attend to the duties of his
''■ ointment, at his office, in Lewistown, on
-ESDAY the 4th day of March, 1802, at
o lock A. M., when and where all per
1 twviug claims are required to present
1 31 or be debarred from coming in for a
! f said fund. J. W. SB AW,
J n29~4t " " " Miter.
NOTICE!
i Persons knowing themselves indebted
A £o the late firm of KENNEDY A JUN
kI - • by Note or Book Account, will please
■ on or before
April Ist,
lr >d settle the same. By so doing
f ®STs WILL BE SATED,
* ter that time the accounts will be left in
- -ands of an Attorney for collection.
It. 11. JONKIN,
Surviving Partner of the late firm of
T . KEHNBDV A JBNKJN.
December 18, 1861.
THE OLD FOUNDRY
AND
Machine Shop,
' ttWISTUWS, HIFFLIN COCSH, PI,
to order Steam Engines, Mill
Furnace and Forge Castings,
£,'■< Cylinders, Forcing Pumps, Brass
Rl&cksmithe' Vices ftpdTScrew
LLA ,U SET. Wag£o jSarULOd Caatit Axles,
LIT *L .* ron Steel work as it. made J
nt *hop- Always on hand,- the
oißt/ r HH and Bull Plows and i
h** i 1 ra °ks turned or in a rough I
i or ' p a S lron , Carriage Irons, Ac., Ac.
laker * m P rove d thresher and
'>'• requires the special attention
; the l- r " who want the best article
tiiin™ * e *' P nc ® satisfy themselves by
binir® ? . Bu becriber at the shop and ex- j
® r themselves. ' No chSrge made fcr
5. ♦ M| ® D - No loafing at stores or
ill Dftt , 0 Mcur * customers. If my work 1
it it rw °mnieiid itself I will not ask you to
au e : io sl JOHN R- WEEKES,
5 18<1 Agent. 1
ffffiHgroaiß) lwnßMlßanm , aurora
THE araiTaEE,
USIOW A*D i,IBERTY.
F'om the Atlantic Monthly,
Flag of the heroes who left us thv glory,
I Born through their battle fields thunder and flame
ltl song 'f' l illumined in story,
Wave o er us all who inherit their fame !
Up with our banner bright,
Spriohled with stai-ry hght,
epreaii its fair emblems from mountain to shoro,
W rule through the sounding sky,
Loufl rings the nation's cry—
mon and Liberty! One ever more !
1 Light of our firmament, guide our nation,
rnde of her children, and honored afar,
Lettlie wide Heams of thy full constellation
.•scatter each oloud that would darken a star!
1 P With our banner bright, etc.
Empire uiisceptred! What foe shall a-snail thee,
Hearing the standard of Liberty's van ?
! P"" k not the Lod of thy fathers shall fail thee,
; Striving with men for the birthright of man.'
I'p with Our banner bright, etc.
| Yet if by mahiqss and treachery blighted
Ihtwns the datk hour when the sword thou must draw,
1 hen, with tile arms of thy millions united,
Smite the lyild traitors for freedom and law
Up jvith oitr banner bright, etc.
Lord of the universe! Shield us and guide us,
1 Trusting Thee always, through shadow and iinn,
; i h#.i hasl uintud us; who .shall divide us?
j Keep us, O, been us, the Many in One.'
Up with our banner bright, etc.
Tllli lUTTLH-SONG of THE CHURCH.
' Selected from -Hymns Of Faith and Hope,' published
by Carter Brothers, New York.
■ I fll j '
Four not the foe, thou flock of Ood,
j Fear not the sword, the spear, the roil,
Fear not the foe '.
lie fight.- in vain who fights with thee;
Soon slutit thou see his armies flee,
Himself laid low.
V'." r "'.' ' beer to the toil and fight;
' 1 ia (tod—thy i rod. defends the right;
He teuds thee on.
Ills sword shall scatter every foe,
His shield shall ward oft every blow—
The crown" is won.
His is the battle, His the power,
His the triumph in tlrnt hour;
lu Him be strong.
So round tlry brow the wreath shall twine,
So .-hall the victory be thine,
And tldue the Song.
Not long the sigh, the toil tlio sweat.
Not long the tight—days wasting heat;
, t The shadows come.
Slack 11m thy n. upon in the light;
Courage! for (foil defends the right;
Strike home! strike home I
Edited by A. SMITH, County Sup*rintwndcnt.
For the Educational Column.
The Waste of Time-
Not long since I heard a very sensible
old gentleman, in speaking of the schools of
to-day as compared with the schools that
flourished when he obtained his education,
say that after all, those who go to school
now-adays have not us much to show for
the time spent or lor the opportunities they
possess as those who attended the poor
schools in the wretched old schoolhouses
forty years ago. The remark struck mc quite
forcibly; both as being true, and as show
ing how much time is squandered by pupils
at school. In the old times, when school
bouses were * like angels' visits, few and
far between when teachers possessed very
little knowledge, but vigorous, well exer
cised right arms, those who were so fortu
nate as to attend school thought it neces
sary to makefile viry beat possible use of
their scanty opportunities. To be 6ure,
they did not become specially learned in
books, but they formed such habits of in
dustry as have been greatly useful to them
in after life.
Any person who visits schools, cannot
fail to be impressed with one fact, that
very few scholars learn as much as they
cat;; very uiany pass week after week al
most v. ithout any perceptible progress, wast
ing their time in idleness, or in annoying
the teacher and creating confusion in school.
This sad, almost universal fact is of suffi
cient importance to justify us in inquiring
where the fault lies; for every pet son will
admit that it is utterly sad that so much
time and so many priceless opportunities
should pass away unimproved. We may
blame the children or youth, and affirm
that they ought fo be wiser than to mis
spend their tor a certain extent,
we should be right in so doing. But, un
less I am greatly in error, we must look
elsewhere for the principal blame. Do not
many teachers •practically inculcate the
idea that time is of small value, by spend
ing their evenings and leisure days in mer
riment or useless reading? Do they not
really give the lie to ail their good words
urging their pupils to diligence and care
ful study, by misusing -(be time they them
selves might devote to seif-improvement ?
Are there not many teachers who hardly
advance a single step in actual scholarship,
or make any progress in successful teach
ing, from the first day of their school to
the last? Is if possible that pupils shall
not be somewhat influenced by such per
nicious examples, and deem it no wrong to
idle away the long evenings and the pre
cious hours which the teacher finds so
worthless? '•' , -
Again the fault must be oharged cot
faintly upon parents. There are some pa
rents who impress upon the minds of their
children the importance of rightly using
their time, who encourage them to improve
the evenings in study, who aid them iu
their studies, and who set them a good ex
ample by using wisely their own leisure for
self-culture. But to one parent of this
sort, are there not fifty who seem to be to
tally indifferent to the progres and inteh
leetual growth of their children, who use
no effort to induce them to study, to eu
WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 12, 1862.
courage them, to aid them; who spend their
own leisure in bar-Tooms or stores, listening
to the neighborhood gossip, growing daily
more and mofe careless of knowledge and
of all that pertains to good-citizenship ?
Time is a price put into our hands, where
with we may buy wisdom : and it will add
not a little to our condemnation that we
have thoughtlessly and ungratefully thrown
it away. If for no higher considerations,
ought we not for the sake of those who are
now forming habits that will cling to them
through life and will so greatly determine
their character and destiny, to be more
thoughtful, more wise in the use of the
golden moments with which God gives us
the power to make rich our own lives and
the lives of others ?
Teachers and parents can Hot too speedily
or seriously ponder this question. S.
Correspondence of the Gazette.
MOUNTAIN CITY, )
Colorado Territory, Jan. 1,1862. j
Mr. Editor. —As I have never seen any
news in the columns of your paper from
this section ot the country, 1 thought of
giving you a brief description of the Rocky
Mountains and the Gold Regions, as it may
be somewhat interesting to the readers of
the Gazette.
But before commencing my subject, I
will give you a short account of my journey
across the Plains, or the Great l'rairie of
the West, as it is very often called. There
were thirteen of us started from St. Jo
seph, Missouri, on the 19th of April, at
about 11 o'clock, with two mule teams,
which were loaded .vifch our provisions, bag
gage and camping utensils. Our journey
lay through the state of Kansas, in a due
west direction; however, the route changed,
so that we could hardly tell sometimes what
course we were going—sometimes north,
sometimes south, and then we would take
a turn either to the right or left, and go
direct west; but by looking at the map it
is a direct western course from the Misswu
ri River to the Gold Region of Pike's Peak.
However, let it be what course it may,
it is not a very easy trip ; and if you do
not believe it, try it and you will find out
how traveling goes with a mule or ox team
at the rate of fifteen to thirty miles a day,
aad perhaps not that, according to the
weather and the roads.
When you have a journey to perform cf
seven or eight hundred miles, you may think
it a very wearisome one, and you will not
be mistaken. The distance from St. Jose,
to Denver City is about seven hundred
miles, and from Denver City to the Gold
Mines about fifty miles.
We had pretty good weather, good roads,
and a good team, and drove in twenty-one
days to Denver City, having landed there
on tho 12th of May, sixty one. On our
journey we saw very few Indians compared
to the number generally aiong the road. I
suppose we saw about a thousand or fifteen
hundred in all, and the greater number of
them were squaws and pappooses. The
men had nearly all gone further south iu
search of buffalo and other game, as the
weather was rather cold, and the grass too
short for them to come so far north. We
saw HO livo buffalo except one at Fort
Kearney, whore they had a tame one, but
saw hundreds of carcasses that had been
killed by some of the weary pilgrims and
the Indians. Other game was generally
plenty, such as elk, antelopes, wolves, bad
gers, jack rabbits, prairie dogs, wild tur
keys, prairie chickens, and other small
game too numerous to mention.
The first tribe of Indians that we came
to were tho Paw-da-wa-da mies or Otoes as
some call them, but the former is the cor-
I rect name. They are settled along the
western borders of Kansas, and are gen
erally civilized. They live in houses in
stead of lodges, and have considerable
ground in good cultivation, with good fen
ces around it where timber is not too scarce.
Their chief productions are sugar cane,
which they are very fond of, and a small
quantity of corn. They manufacture their
own sugar similar to the whites. Tfcey
have woodeu mills, like apple mills in the
States, which are worked by horse power.
I had quite a conversation with an old In
dian, and he told me that their mission
had been deserted, that the preacher had
left, and he expressed a great desire for a
preacher and teacher to come to them again
that they might have their children educa
ted. They also appeared very accommoda
ting, and are willing to lend a helping hand
to the traveler, and to give all the informa
tion they can. It is very difficult to un
derstand them, as they can talk but very
little english, but with his broken english
and the gestures and motions that he made,
I could make out what he meant. When
however they want any tobacco, they ean
ask for it very well in plain english. There
was one asked me for some; I gave it to
him, and he took off his hat and thanked <
me very politely. I learned afterwards j
that the old man expected something from
all the, travelers that stopped at his house,
as he has been instrumental in restoring
many mules and cattle that have strayed
away from the travelers as they passed along.
That night we camped about fourteen miles
from where we saw him, when three of
our mules broke away and started back :
the old ludian happened to see them, and
! caught thorn in the morning. One of the
i men started after them, and he said the
! eld fellow was just starting to bring them
) back to us as he got there. The man gave
i him a hah dollar, for he thanked hirn very
j much, as he would sooner have a half dol-
I lar than a live dollar gold piece, as they
are great people for silver Coin. We jour
neyed on, and the ntixt tribe that we came
to were the Sues, a part of the Cheyenne
tribe. There is but very little difference
between these two tribes, if any; the for
mer separated from the latter for some
cause or other which I did not learn, and
were at war with each other for a long
time, but hare become friends again, and
are mixing together. We next camped at
what they called Box Elder Station, where
there was a wedding that night, and they
had a great time dancing and powwowing;
it was very amusing to see the performance!
Ihe Sues and Cheyenne tribes are great
enemies of the Pawnees, and are af war
with each other nearly all the time. These
nations are uncivilized, and are moving
about from place to place, but generally
follow the buffalo and other large game.
In the winter they are south, a°nd come
north in the spring as far as the Platte
River. Sometimes they dross that river,
but very seldom, as nearly all the territory
north of the Platte belongs to the Pawnees,
east of Fort Kearney.
As wo were traveling through that sec
tion of the country the Sues and Chey
ennes were preparing for a battle with the
Pawnees. Ihey told ua that a Pawnee had
way laid one of their men and killed him,
and had taken his pony, and they were
going to have revenge.
Those tribes depend on hunting for a
living, and are always ready for trading
their furs and robes for provisions, and at
the same time if there is any chance to
steal, they are also ready, as they are great
thieves, and very cunning at that. A per
son has to watch them yery close, and then
if they cannot Bteal, they will try and beg,
and it you give one and not the rest they
will get very angry at you. The best plan
is not to give to any unless there are but
two or three together; and then if you give
them anything they will appear to be very
good friends to you, but for all that, I
would not like to trust myself with five or
or six of them away out of sight of the
company, for if they thought they had the
advantage of mo, they would take my
scalp in a moment. But I must stop, as I
cannot give you a full account of tho dif
ferent tribes, as there are two more in this
section of the country. They are the Ar
apahoes and I tabs, or I ts as they call them
selves. Perhaps I may give you an ac
count of them in another letter.
I will now endeavor to say a few words j
about the mountains and the Gold Regions !
\\ c could see the highest peak at the dis- '
tance of about one hundred and seventy
miles. The first wag Long's Peak, the
highest in this section of the country. It !
is about twenty miles north from these
parts of the diggings and is almost, perpetu !
ally covered with snow. Next is Pike's
Peak, which is about one hundred miles
south from here, and nearly the same height
as Long s Peak ; some say that Long's is ;
the highest. They are about fourteen
thousand feet above the level of the Plains.
They look pretty high with their white
caps on them. There are numerous other
small peaks, but these are the main ones
in the region.
Next is the Snowy Range. The near- J
est point to them from here is about ten
miles; the top is perpetually covered with
snow as far as you can see. It is a very
nice place to be in in the hot days of Au
gust, perhaps rather too cool for comfort
on some of the highest points. Now for
the Mining Regions. The central mines !
lie on the eastern slope of the mountains,
about fifty miles west of Denver City,
and about ten miles east of the Snowy
Range.
The mining grouud is in the gulches or
ravines of the lower mountains that run
from the range east towards the plains, and
have their different names. lam at pres
ent in the Nevada diggings, or rather Neva
da gulch, as they all go by the name of
gulches. Ihe next are Spring gulch, Rus
sel s gulch, Lake gulch, South Clear Creek,
North Clear Creek, Missouri, Eureka,
Quartz v alley and Gregory gulches. These
are the principal, with a great many smal
ler ones. I will commence with Nevada
gulch, which is about three miles long, run
ning from northeast to southwest. About
half way up the gulch there was a flour
ishing town of about one hundred and fif
ty houses, but on the evening of the 19th
November a very high wind carried fire
from the woods, where there was a man
burning brush, to the town, and destroyed
about one hundred and twenty buildings,
with a large twelve stamp quartz mill, but
fortunately there was no furniture or goods
burnt, as plenty of assistance was at hand
to get all out of the houses before they
were consumed. The town has pretty much
been rebuilt sine#. The mill has also been
built up, and is now running. There are
about forty quartz mills in this gulch, which
are driven by steam power; they are all in
operation except two or three, and are de
ing very well. There is no mining going
on at present except quartz, the gulches
being all stopped till spring, as the water
is frozen except what the mills are using.
The quartz is very rich in this gulch,
but does not quite pay as well as some of
the leads in other gulches. The quartz
here pays from seventy-five to five hundred
dollars to the cord, that is, what they call
a cord is the same as a cord of wood, a pile
8 feet long, 4 feet high, 4 feet wide; they
have boxes made that size to measure it.
Ihe gulch claims pay from $5 to 815 per
day to the hand, and then there are soine
that will not pay to work them. This gulch
ia the central part of the mines, and there
is more business going on here than in any
part of the mountains. Next is Spring
gulch ; there are no mills in this, but it is
noted for its productive mining, the average
pay to the hand per day last season having
been about ?>2O. At the junction of Spring
and Nevada gulches is situated Central
City, now the county seat of Gilpin county.
It has about 1500 inhabitants, and is quite
a lively town to be situate in the Rocky
Mountains. Next is Russell's gulch: there
are five or six mills in this and but one or
two in operation, as the quartz does not
pay for crushing except from one or two
claims on the lead. The great trouble is
in saving the gold after the quartz is crash
ed. Next is the Gregory gulch: this is the
most noted for quartz mining (that is for
from three hundred to a thousand dollars
per cord. I have never known it to be less
than three hundred dollars. There are five
or six mihs in it, and are all doing very
well. Ihe largest run that has been made
in the mountains was in one of these mills
a few days ago, yielding a thousand dol
lars to the cord (I would like to have a few
cords of that stuff.) I have not time to
give a description of all the gulches at
present. A new discovery was made in
Missouri gulch a short time ago, where the
great excitement is at present. In the last
month three mills moved there, and are
making it pay very well. -A man took ten
cords of quartz out of the new discovery
called the btewart lead, and had them crush
ed. After paying all expenses, he had four
teen hundred and sixty dollars clear profit,
which is paying pretty well for a lead just
opened, for as a general thing the deeper
they go the better it pays. The trouble is
it takes a maw with capital to carry on
quartz mining as it ought, and that does
not suit poor people like me. I have seen
chances where if I would have had the
needful I could have made money. The
last claim I spoke of could have been bought
sometime ago for five hundred dollars, but
it could not he had now for less than five
thousand. '1 hat same claim is paying from
fifteen hundred to two thousand dollars per
week. Now this is not the only chance I
. have seen, but I can count a dozen or more
j within the last six months ; then again, a
person might bay a claim and it would not
be worth anything, but he has to look out
tor that. No doubt there is plenty of gold
in the leads if the mills could save it, but
as 1 said before the trouble is in saving it
all. If a man could get up a process to
save all the gold, he could make a fortune
in a short time with his patent. There is
a man here who has been experimenting on
the smelting process, but he has not quite
accomplished it; he thought he would, but
unfortunately the fire in Nevada destroyed
his furnace. I believe it is his intention to
try it again.
Some people say that Pike's Peak is a
humbug. I will acknowledge it is in some
respects, but there is gold here and a great
deal has been taken out of the ground. If
a person expects to come here and pick it
up by the handful off the ground, he will
be humbugged, for if they want to get it,
they must not be afraid of the pick and
shovel, or to get their nice hands soiled. A
professional man has no business here.—
There are more lawyers and doctors here
than of any other profession. Seeing a
lawyer and a doctor walking up and down
the gulch, arm in arm, puts me in mind of
a highway robber—it is either your life or
your money, but it is generally the latter,
as they all know how to charge. There is
one class, however, that exceeds all the rest
and they are the gamblers. Then there is
a class that is just as scarce as the others
are plenty, and they are the preachers. I
know of but one or two; there was one liv
ed in the gulch that I am now in; he start
ed home in the fall, but before he got away
from Denver City he unfortunately lost all
his money playing monta. (He was a good
one )
1 will stop at this for fear of wearying
your patience, if I have not already, and
bid you goodbye until you hear from me
again. I send my respects to all the gen
tlemen, and my love to all the lady readers
of the Gazette. (J. W. A.
Materials in Their Invisible State.
If a piece of silver be put into nitric acid,
a clear and colorless licjuid, it is rapidly dis
solved and vanishes from the sight. The
solution of silver may be mixed with water,
and to appearance no effect whatever is
produced. Thus, in a pail of water we
may dissolve and render invisible more than
ten pounds worth of silver, lead and iron ;
but every other metal can be treated in the
same way, with similar results. When
charcoal is burned, when candles are burn
ed, when paper is burned, these substances
all disappear and become invisible. In
fact, every material which is visible can,
New Series—Yel. XYI, He. 15.
by certain treatment ba rendered invisible
Matter which, in one condition, 13 perfect
ly opaque and will not admit the least ray
of light to pass through it, will in another
form become quite transparent Ths cause
of this wonderfltl effect of the condition, of
the matter is Utterly inezplainable. Phil
osophers do not even broach theories upon
the subject, much less do they endeavor to
explain it. The substatices dissolved in
water or burned in the air are not however
destroyed or lost.
By certßin well known means they can
be recovered and again made Visible ; some
exactly in the same state as they were be
fore their invisibility; others, though not
in the same state, ea& be shown in their
elementary condition; and thus it can be
proved that, having once existed, it never
ceases to exist, although it can change its
condition like the caterpillar, which becomes
a chrysalis, and then a gorgeous butter
fly. If a pailful of the solution of silver
bo cast into the stream, it is apparently lost!
by its dispersion in the water; but it never
theless continues tocxist. So when a bush
el of charcoal is burned in a stove it disap
pears, in consequence of the gas produced
being mixed with the vast atmosphere; bu!
yet the charcoal is still in the air. On the
brightest and sunniest day, when every oh
ject can be distinctly seen above the horizon,
hundreds of tons of charcoal, in an invis
ible condition, pervade the air. Glass is a
beautiful illustration of tho transparency of
a compound which, in truth, is nothings
but a mixture of the rust of three metals.
The power of matter to change its con
ditions from solid capacity to limpid trans
parency causes some rather puzzling phe
nomena. Substance increases in weight
without any apparent oanse ; for instance,
a plant goes on increasing in weight a hun
dred fold for eveTy atom that is missing
from the earth in which it is growing.— *
Now the simple explanation of this is that
leaves of plants have the power of with
drawing the invisible charcoal from the at
mosphere, and restoring it to its visible
state in some shape or other. The lungs
of animals and a smokeless furnace change
matter from its visible to its invisible state.
The gills of fishes and the leaves of plants
reverse this operation, rendering invisible
or gaseous matter visible. Thus the bal
ance in nature is maintained, although the
continual change has been going on long
prior to the creation of the " extinct ani
mals."—Piesse.
A Down East Juryman.
[' Ethan Spike' contributes to the Port
land Transcript a sketch of his experience
as a juryman. The first cases he was cal
led to try were capital ones—the criminals
being a German and a nigger respectively.]
' Hev you formed aOy opinion for or
figin the prisoners V said the judge.
'Not perticular agin the JarmiD,' says I,
' but I hate niggers as a general principle;
and shall go for hanging this old white
wooled cuss, whether he killed Mr. Cooper
or not,' says I.
' l)o you know the nature of an oath V
the dark axed me.
' I orter,' says I. ' I've used enough of
'em. I begun to swear when I was only
about——'
'That'll do,' says the dark. 'You kin
go hum,' says he ■ ' yor wont be wanted in
this ere case,' says the dark, says he.
' What?' says I, ' ain't 1 to try this nig
ger at all ?'
' No,' says the dark.
' But I'm a jewryman, says I,' and you
can't hang the niggor otlless I've sot ct>
him,' says I.
"Pass on, says the dark, speaking rather
crcxr.
' But,' says I, you mister, you don't
mean as you say ; I'm a regular jewryman,
you know. Drawed aout of the box by the
seelick man,', says I. 'l've oilers had a
hankering to hang a nigger, and now, when
a merciful dispensatory seema to have pro
vided one for me, you say I shan't sit on
him ! Ar this your free institutions? Is
this the nineteenth centry ? And ik thir
our boasted ' Here somebody holler
ed ' Silence in Court.'
' The Court be !' I didn't finish
the remark, for a Couple of constables had
holt of me, and in the twinkling of a bed-'
post I was hustled down stairs into the
street.
'Naow, Mr. Editor, let me ask, what
are we coming' to, when jewrymen—legal,
lawful jewrymen, kin be tossed about in
thia way ? Talk about Cancers, Mormons,
Spiritualism, free love, and panics—wbar
ara they in comparison ? Here's a princi
ple upsot. As an individual, perhaps, I'm
of no great account; t'an't fur me to say;
but when as an enlightened jewryman, I
was tuk and carried down stairs by profane
hands, just for asserting my right to sit on
a nigger—why it seems to me the pillowa
of society were shook ; that in my sacred
person the hull State itself was, figgerative
speakin, kicked down stairs ! Ifthar's law
in the land, I'll have this case brought un
der a writ of habeas Corpus or icksey
Dicksit.'
President Lincoln must have a 'thun
dering lot' of relatives down South. Eve
ry day almost we hear of a 'cousin,' a
'brother-i-law,' or some other 'kin/ and
strange to say they are all seceshers. We
think we have heard of about two hundred.
They outnumber the 'brothers of Jackson
who killed Ellsworth '