Them is, however, 5 ■••<•• • tit •
tv iliun the acc;;elu . ; -.A :■rt is .
Oi>>- i> -hey of labor ;.:o
#e.-: nai in the fir-; ; ri V- -K--
public. Iu nature it.L' lt "- nation
al again, during the third forty v tre and
forever afterwards, It is n.it wire and benef
icent for us alone, or injurious to you alone.
Its effects are eqt:sl, and the same for us a!i.
You accuse the Republican party of ulteri
or and secret designs. How can a party that
counts its votes, in this land of free speech
and free press, by the hundreds of thousands,
have any secret designs? Who is the con j u
tor, and where are the hidden spring*'by
which he can control its uncongrcgated and
widely dispersed masses, and direct thorn to
objects unseen and purposes unavowe 1? \ u
name only one. That one is to introduce ne
gro equality among you. Suppose we had
the power to change your s> cial svso in: what
variant have we f-.'r s'upp ising that we should
carry negro equality among you? We know,
and we will show you, if you will only give
heed, that what cur system of labor works
out, wherever it works out anything,
is the equality of white men. The laborer
in the free states, no matter how humble his
occupation, is a white man, and he is politi
cally the equal of his empl vor. Eight' n f
our thirty-three Stat - are free labor States.
There they are: Maine, New Hampshire,
Massachusetts, Vermont, Rhode Island, 0- n
necticut, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylva
nia, Ohio, Michigan, lllir, is iudiana, Wis
consin, Mines ta, I ova, Calif- ruin, and Ore
goH. 1 do net array tlu.n in contrast with
the capital States, iam no assailant of States.
Ail of tha Stales are ; arecls of my an court
try —the best of them not 60 wise and great
as 1 am sure it viil hereafter 06; the State
least developed and perfected among them all
is wiser and better than any foreign State I
know. Is it then in any, and in which, of
toe States 1 have named that negro equality
offends the white man's pride? Throughout
toe wide w rid, where is tin- S ate where class
and caste arose utterly extinguished as they are
in each and every one of then.? Let ti.e Ku
ropean immigrant, who avoids the African
as if his skin exhaled c ntagion, answer.
You find him always iu the State where .a
bur is ever lre \ I>id \\ ashington, Jefferson,
and Henry, when they implored you to re
linquish your system and accept the one we
have ad-apt d, propi.se to sink y-<u down to
the level of the African, or was it their de
s;re to exalt all white > * i a common po
litical a'---.- :
Rut . i not seek to force, or even to in
trude, our system on you. V, e are excluded,
justly, wisely, and contentedly, from all polit
ieal power and responsibility in your capital
States, ioi; act) sovereign on the subject of
slavery wtil.in your own borders, as we arc
on the came subject within our borders. It is
well and wisely so arranged. Use your author
ity to maintain what system you please. We
are not distrustful of the result. We have
wisely, as we think, us'-rcis-d ours to perfect
anu protect the mar h-,-d of meinb°rs of the
Mtate. I'l.e who!.' sovereignty upon domestic
concerns within the I nion is divide 1 between
us by unmistakable boundaries. You have
your fifteen iistinct parts ;we eight-en parts,
equally distinct. Each must be maintain'-d
in order that the whole may be preserved,
it ours shall be assailed, within or without,
by any enemy, or fur any cause, we shall
expect you to defend it. Jf yours shall be so
assailed, in the emergency, no matter what
the cause or the pretext, or who the foe, we
shall defend your sovereignty as the equiva
lent to our own. We cannot, indeed, accept
your system of capital or its ethics l . That
would be to surrender and subvert our own,
which we esteem to bo better. Besides, if we
could, what need for any division into States
at all? You are equally at liberty to reject
our system and its ethics, and to maintain the
superiority of your own by ail the forces of
persuasion and argument. We must, indeed,
mutually discuss both systems. All the world
discusses all systems. Especially must we
discuss tliem since we have to decide as ana
tion which of the two we ought to ingraft n
the new and future States growing up in th :
great public domain. Discussion th-n being
unavoidable, what could be more wise than
to conduct it with mutual t .deration and in a
fraternal spirit ?
You complain that Republicans discourse :
too b-ddly and directly, when th"v express with
confidence their belief that thesvstem of la
bor will, in the end, Le universally accepted
by the capital states, acting fur themselves,
and in conformity with their own constitu
tions, while they sanction too unreservedly
books designed to adv cafe emancipation.
But surely yo U can hardly expect the Federal
Government or the p litic il parties of th* na
tion t ) maintain r. censorship of the press >r
of debate. 1 lie theory of our system is that
error of opinion may in all eases safely be
tolerated where r<-as"n is left free to combat
it. \ 11! it be claimed that nrirg of modern
tion and tenderness in debate are exhibited
on y air side of the great argument than our
own? We all learned our polemics, as well
ns our principles, from a c miiuon master.
We are sure that we do not, on our side, ex
coed his lessons and example. Thomas Jef
ferson addressed Dr. Price, an Englislim in,
concerning his treatise on emancipation in
America, in this fashion :
" Southward of the Chesapeake, your book
will find but few readers concurring with it
in sentiment on the subject of slavery! From
the mouth to the head of the Chesapeake, tiie
bulk of the people will approve it in theory,
and it will find a respectable minority ready
to adopt it in practice : a minority which, f r
weight and worth of character, prep;ndcrat s
against the greater number who have not the
eour-ge to divest their families of a property
which however, keeps their consciences un
quiet. Northward of the Chesapeake, you
may find here and there an opponent to your
doctrine, as you may find here and there a
robber or a murderer; but in no greater num
* * * * * *
" This [Virginia] is ie next State to
which we may turn our eyes for the interest
ing spectacle of justice in conflict with avar
ice ami oppression—a conflict where the sa
cred side is gaining daily new recruits from
the influx into office of young men, grown,
and growing up." * * * "Be
not, then, discouraged. What you have writ
Von will do a great deal of good ; and could
you still trouble yourself about our welfare,
no man is more able to help the laboring
side."
You see. sir, that, whether we go fir or
against slavery anywhere we must follow
Southern guides. You may change your pi-
Jots wit. 1 ) the winds or the currents ; but we,
whose nativity, reckoned un FT the north star,
has rendered us somewhat superstitious must
he excused for constancy in following the
guidance of those who framed the national
ship, and gave the chart for its nolde voy
age.
A profound respect and friendly regard for
the Vice President of the United States ha?
r Hv?uceJ me to weigh carefully the testimony
lie has given on the subject of the hostility
against the South imputed to th° Republican
carty, a? derived from the relations of {he
-preventatives of the two parties at this cap
ii lie says that he has seen here in the
It- presvntat!ves of the lower Southern states
a must resolute and earnest spirit of resis
tance to the Republican party : that he per
ceives a sensible loss of that spirit-of brotner
i hood and the feeling of loyalty, together w ith
that love f>r a common country, which are at
iasf the surest '-".merit of the Union ; so that,
in the present un'- pv condition of affairs,
ho is most terapteu to exclaim that we are
dissolving, week by week and month by month;
that the threads arc gradually trotting them
selves asunder, and a straug-r might suppose
that tiro Executive of the I niced States was
j the President of two hostile Republics.
It is not f r me to raise a doubt upon the
currectnes- of this dark picture, so far as the
S. utf ern groups upon the canvass arc c io
cerncd, Lut I must be indulged in the opinion
that I can pronounce as accurately concern
ing the Northern or Republican Representa
tives here as any one. I know their public
haunts and their private ways. Y\ e are not
i hostile Republic, or representatives of one.
! We confer together, but only as the organs of
every party do, and nuist do in a j o.iti al sys
tem which obliges us to act sometimes as par
ti>ans, while it requires u always to be pa
triots rtnd stat -•nu -i. Differences of opinion,
,-ven on the subject ot slavery, with us are
political, not social or personal differences.
There is not one disunionist or disloyalist
am--; g tis -ill. We are altogether unconscious
of inv process of dissolution going on among
us r around us. We bear the satno testimony
>' r the p pie arouud us here, who, though
in be very centre where the bolt of dissunion
:.-ust fall first, and be most fearful in its ef
' facts, seem never less disturbed than now.
We bear the same testimony for all the dis
triets and states wo represent. The people
of the North are not encmi' S, but friends and
brethren of the South, faithful and true as in
the days when death has dealt his arrows
promiscuously among them on common battle
fields of freedom.
We will notsuffer our elves here to dwell on
any evidences of a different t.:nper in the
S uth ; but we shall be ci ntent with express
it'g ur bcli-'f that hostility t! at is m t dos
igr.edly prov Ac 1, and that cat.nut provoke
retaliation, is an anomaly that must be trac
ed to casual excitement, which cannot per
petuate ali nation.
A canvass f>r a Presdcntiai election, in
some res?* -a more important, perhaps, than
any since ltti/O, has recently begun. The
II .'use of Representatives was to be orgahiz
e i lay a majority, while no party could east
more than a plurality of votes. The gloom of
the late tragedy in Virginia rested on the
Capitol fr"tn the day wh -n C-ngn s n
bled. While the two great .... ii par
ties were p acefully, law ully. ~;.d constitu
tionally, though zealously, conducting the
great national issue between free labor and
capital labor for the Territories to a proper
solution, through the trial-- of the ballot, opc-r
ating directly or indirectly on the various de
p.artmeuts of the Government, a bend of ex
cepti nal men, contemptuous equaljy of that
great question ami of the parties to the con
troversy, and impatient of the constitutional
-y.-tem which confines the citizens of every
state to political action by sufferage in organ
ized parties within their own borders, inspir
ed an enthusiasm peculiar to themselves, and
exasperated by grievances and wrongs that
sane of them had suffered by inroads of arm
ed propagandists of slavery in Kansas, un
lawful as their own relation was, attempted to
subvert slavery in \ irginia by conspiracy,
auibush, invasion, and force. The method
we liavo adopted of appealing to the reason
and judgement of the people, to be pro
nounced by sufferage, ;s t)ie only one by
which free government can be maintained
anywhere, and the only one as yet devised
which is in harmony with the spirit of the
Christian religion. While generous cad char
itable natures will probably concede that
•John Brown and las associates acted on earn
est, tl. ugh fatally erroneous convictions, yet,
all good citizens will nevertheless agree that
this attempt to execute an unlawful put-pose
in Virginia by invasion, involving servile war,
wa- an act i f sediti >n and treason, and crim
inal in just the extent thutit effected the public
peace, and was destructive of human happi
ness and human life.
It is a painful reflection that, after so lung
an experience of tho beneficent working of
our syste2 as we have enjoyed, we have had
these new illuslratiuiis in Kansas and Virgin
ia of the existence among us of a class of
men so misguided and so desperate as to
seek to enforce their peculiar principles by
the sword, drawing after it a .."ed fur the
further illustration by tlmir punishtiient of
that great in ral truth, especially applicant
in a republic, that they who take up the sword
as a weapon of controversy shall perish by
tho sword. In the latter case, the lamented
deaths of so many citizens, slain from an
ambush and by surprise—ail the more lam
entable because tiiey were innocent victims
of a frenzy kindled without their agency, in
far distant tires—the deaths even of the of
fenders themselves, pitiable, although no-
cessary arid just, because they act-d under
delirium, which blinded their judgements
to the real nature ol their criminal enter
prise ; the a'arm and consternation naturally
awakened throughout the country, exciting
for the moment the fear that our whole sys
tern, with ail its securities for life and liberty,
was comming to an end—a fear none the
more endurable because continually uggra
rated by new chimeras to which the great
leading event lent an air of probability; sure
ly all these constituted a sum of public inis
ery which ought to have satisfied the u. -st
morbid appetite for social h rrors. But as
the case of the gunpowder plot, and the Sa
lem witchcraft, an l the New York colonial
negro plot, so now ; the original actors were
swiftly followed by another and kindred class,
who sought to prolong and widen the public
distress by attempting to direct the indigna
tion which it had exicted against parties guilt
less equally of complicity and of sympathy
with the offenders.
Posterity will decide in all the recent cases where
political responsibility for public disaster- must falhand
posterity will give little heed to our instructions. It
was not until the gloomy roign of Dmnitian had end
ed, and liberty and virtue had found assured refuge
under the sway of the milderNerva. tlmt tiie historian
arose whoso narrative of that period of tyranny and
terror has been accepted by mankind.
I'he Republican party hems thus vindicated against
the 'barge of hostility to th'e -South, which has been
otfered 111 excuse for the menaces of uneonstitutfon
al resistance in the event of success. 1 feel well assur
e-i ttjat it will sustain me in the meeting them iii the
spirit ot the defender of the English Commonwealth:
"Surely they that shall boast as we do to 1.0 a free
nation. and having the power, shall not also hare the
courage to rcniove. constitutionally, every Governor,
whether he be the -'ipremeorsnbordinate.may please
their fancy with a ridiculous and painted freedom, fit
to cozen nabies, but are. indeed, under tyranny and
servitude, us wanting that power", whicK is the root
and source of all liberty, to dispose and economize in
tiie land which God has given them, as members of a
family in tlicir ownh me and free inheritance. With
out which natural and essential power of a free nation,
though bearing high their heads, they can in due es
teem. be thought no bettor than slaves and vassal#
Wu in the tenure and occupation of another inher
it.ng lord, whose government, though not illegal or in
tolerable. hangs on thern as a lordly scourge, not as a
free government."
The Republican party knows, as the w''o'e "enr.try
will ultimately come to understand, *; at no .est
us,;ects of national life must perisl f • ~le itself
si.all be lost, and, therefore, it w:.. a: •.the .ssue
: tendered. It will take up the word Union, wide!:, ".hers
are HO willing to renoun o. and. combining it witn t.mt
■ liter gl -rious thought Liberty, which has been its m
spirati>>n .so long, it will move tiruilv onward, wtsn trie
! motto inscribed on its banner: -■' ios and BIIIKKTY.
come wiiat limy, in victory aain defeat, m power as
out of power, now and forever." . ,
If the Republican party maintain the ] aiou. wtio
and what party is to assuil it * Only the Democratic
partv. for there is no other. Will the Democratic par
te take up the assault r The menaces of disunion are
lii i Je. though not m its name, vet HI its beuait. It
must avow or disavow them. Its silence t.ius far. la
t portentous, but is not alarming. The ettect ol tne 111-
timidatiou. if sjccessful, would l>" to contiiiue the t. ic
of the Pent - ratio party, through a minority, by ter
ror. It cert, iuly ought ?> need no more tnan tuis
to secure tic sticces- ot the Republican party. it.in
deed, the Gme haseom when ne Detoo rate pww
u u>t ride by terror, instead of ruling throughi conced
ed cab!:.' confidence, then it is unite certain that it
: cam at be liistuissed lrom P f c,, ir t-rti-U'Cn. Iviil.tigori
1 that odi a- prin iple. it couhl unt long save cither the
Constitution oy public liberty. Rut L -hall not believe
I the Democratic party will consent to stand m this pos
-1 irion. though it Joes: through the action of iis repres
entatives. seem to cover and sustain those whotiireat
: eu disunion. .
I know the Democracy of the North. I know them
now. in their waning strength. Ido not know a pos
; sibie disutjionist among them nil. 1 believe they will
, be as faithful to the Union now as they wore iti the by
gone days, when their ranks were full, and their chul
; e'ligc to th<- com hut was always the tttrsity of victory.
: But! if it siiall prove otherwise, then the world will all
the sootier know that every party in this country must
stan I on the Union ground: that the American people
: will sustain 110 party that is not capable • 1" Making a
sacrifice of its ambition on the altar of the country:
' that, although a party may have never so much of
prestige, and never such traditional merit, yet, if it
be la ...ng in the one virtue 0f loyalty to the Union,
all its a ivantages will be unavailing: and then, obnox
ious as. through long-clierirhfrii ami obstinate preju
i "Sice.-, the i!°p;r.,!ican partv is In th • capital states.yet
. e' -y, i; K . rt . it will advance like an armv with banner-.
I winning the fuvor of the whole people, and it will bo
armed with the national con tide u 'cai •! -upj-ort. when
it shall be found the only party that defen tsandnuuu
| tains the integrity of the Union.
: Those who seek to awaken the terror* < f d.'sunior.
i seem to me have toe hastily considered the conditions
j under which th .-y are 10 make their attempt. WJiobe
j iievt - that a Republican Administration and < ongress
i could pta-tiee tyranny under a Constitution which in
: terp' -< s m> Many "checks i.- ours? Vet that tyranny
iim--t nut only b practiced, but nuigt he intolerable,
i sud there must be 110 remaining IIOJM- foroonstitution
: al relief, betbr" forcible resistance can find ground to
; stand on anywhere.
The people of the United States, acting in conform
, sty with the Constitution, arc tiie supreme tribunal to
try and determine all political is.- ties. They are as
competent t - decide the issues of to-day as they have
i been heretofore to decide the issues of other davs.
i They can reconsider hereafter and reverse, if need be,
the judgment they shall pronounce to-day, as they
; have more titan once reconsidered and reversed their
I judgments in firmer times. It need.-no .revolution
1 td < otfreet any error, ur pre-vent any danger, under any
! circumstances.
Ncu is any nc-w • r special caus ■ for revolution likejy
to oefcttr under a Republican MAilnisbttloßi "We are
engaged in no new transaction, not even m a new dis
pute. Our fathers undertook a great work for tln-in
, selves, for us, and for our successor:—t-. erect a free
and federal empire, w h -andios h ill span the North
American continent, ar l reflect the ly-of the sun
; throughout ins wlmiopa-stige ty. m tit.- t.i;~e toth - other
: of the great oceans. Tiicy erven 1 tiiirteeu of its col
; umns all at once. These are standing n< .\ theadiui
! ration of mankimi. Their successors ■ led twenty
1 more; even ive who are here ii.it e shaped and elevated
thro of that rw.-nty, au-i all these'are -is firm an I
iteadfaat as die : ..st thirteen; and more will yet b •
ne • - v.-y wi:\-u we shall have rested from our iubo: s.
, .Some among u.s prefer for tho.-e ecilumns at-ompoi
j ite material; otli'us, the pure whit.■ marble. Our fa
thers and our pri deeessors differed in the same way,
i and 011 the same pomt. What exec nit. ens hould we
1 not all unite in pronouncing on auy rtate-snian wlto
I herd ifore, Brommere disappointment and disgnst at
I being overrated in his ehon-c of materials fur any new
! column then to be quarried, should have laid violent
hands on tiie imperfect structure and brought it down
to the earth, th -rc to remain a wreck, instead of a cit
adel Of a world's best hopes ?
1 remain now 111 the opinion 1 have uniformly ex
pressed Iter • and elsewhere, that these hastv tin-eats
of disunion are so unnatural that tlu-v will find 110
hand to execute them. We arc of a c race, k-.ifguage,
liberty, and fa:?!r. engaged, indeed, i n varied industry;
but eveu that industry, so diversified, brings us into
more intimate relations with each other than any other
people, however homogeneous, and though living un
der a consolidated government ever maintained. We
languish throughout if one joint of our federal frame
is smitten.' while it is certain that a part dissevered
must perish. > .u may refine as you please about the
structure of the government, and say that it is a eom
: pact, and that u brca- n. by one of the Stat- - - r by
1 ' ongress, ot any one article, absolves all the members
' from allegiance, -up.l that the States may separate wln-ji
1 they have, or fancy they have, eausi-for war. But out e
j try "t " subvert it. and you will find that it is a govorn
i ment of the whole peo'pU—as indivoluals. as well as a
i.-ompact of.-states: that every individual member of
j the body politic is conscious of his interest and power
m it, mid knows that he will be helpless, powerless,
j hopeless, when it shall have gone down.
Mankind have a natural right, a natural instinct, and
! a natural capacity for self-government: ami when, as
! here, they are sufficiently ripened by culture, they w II
! and must have self-government, and no other. " Tire
| fra liters of our constitution, with a wisdom that sur
! Pa —ed all previous undei -landina amongmeli.ailapt
| ed it t-a these inherent elements oi hitinan nature. He
I strangely, blindly liii.- imdei stand.- the anatomy of the
i great sy-tem wiio third-*s that its only lioiids. "or eveh
i i s strongest ligunenfs. nj-e the writjen compactor
; even th" iiitlltiplied and thoroughly ramified rba 1- and
I thoroughfares of trade, commerce and inter
i .-our- , . These are strung, fnffeed, but its in
! strunieiits of cohesion —those which render it insepa
j rable and indivisible —ale die inilljons of fibres of
millions of contented, happy, human hearts, binding
j by then nth- cutis. their-ainbitions. and their best
' hopes, equally the high and the low, the rich and tiie
| poor, the wise and unwise, the learned and the ui .
•to red, even the good nod the bad, to a govenii ut,
1 the first: the last, and the only -in-li one r:, im- .-*r
j existed, which takes equal heed always of their v aMs.
■ their wishes, and their opinions; and appeals to thein
' all, individually, once in a year, or in two years, or at
: least in fu.'.r years, for tiuir expressed e.on ent and
renewal. without wiiieh it must cease. No; go where
j vou will and to what class you may. with commissions
"for your fatal service in 0110 hand, and your bounty
counted by the hundred or tie thousand piece- of
silver in the other, a thoueaod readers 1 ill rise up for
every recruit you can engage. <>n the batiks equally
of the Ist. l.avvrenee and of the Rio Gjande; on the
Atlantic and the Pacific coasts: 011 tiie shore-of the
Gulf of 31 -xieo. and in the dells of the Rocky Mettn
j tains; among the fishermen on the banks of New
' Fouudland, tie- .veavers and .-pinners of Mas.-aehu
! -gtts. the stevedores of New Vc-rk, the miners of Pelt 11-
i svlvAti.: 1 - I'lke s i eflkiunl' aiih-rma. the wheat-grow -is
| .."f Indiana, the cotton a?:-1 t!" sugar planters on the
Mississippi, among the voluntary vriin: as from every
| other laud not less than the nkiiva- bori:. the < hrist.i.in
and the Jew, among the Indians on the prairies, tin
j eontuma'-ious Mormons in D s -ret. the Alyieaiis to-e.
I the Africans in iiondage, the inmates of hospital- find
' almshouses, and even the criminals in the pemten
' tiaries, rehearse the story of your wrongs and their
j own nev.-i so eloquently and never s-. mournfully, and
' appeal to them to rise. "They vvtli a.-k you, "Is tlii"- all?"
- Are you more just than VVasiiiiigton. wiser than Hatn
; ilton. nipre humane than J<-lft-rson ?" •• What uo
| form of^'government or of union have you the power
1 to establish, or even the cunning to devise, that will
be more just, rn re .safe, more free, more gentle, more
beneficent, or more glorioas tUiat tbifH ' And by these
simple interrogatories you will he confounded.
Mr. Pre-ideut. we are }>••■ i.t-tiudly forgetting tliis
subtle and complex, yet obvl<us ami natural meeh.m
--j ism of our con-i itution: and because we do ft.jge> it.
we are continually wondering how it is that a i-onfed
; eraoy 01 thirty and more States, covering regions s'o
j vast and regulating interests so various of so nianv
j millions of men, constituted and . ondjtioiied so ad
i vorsely, works right on. We are continually looking
i to see 11 stop and stand still, or fail suddenly into pieces'.
But. m truth, it will not stop: it was made not to stop,
I but to k-'op in motion—in motion always, ar.d without
force. Fur my own part, as this wouderfuWnvchine,
when it had newly come from the hands of its almost
. divine inventors, was the admiration of my earlier
I years, although it was then bat imperfectly ktfown
abroad, so now. when it forms the central figure in the
■ economy of the world's civilization, and the best synt-
I pathies "of mankind favor its continuance. I expect
it to stand and work right on until men shall fear its
j failure no more tiian we now apprehend that the sun
; will cease to hold his eternal place in the heavens.
Nevertheless, 1 do not expect to see this purely pop
ular. although majestic, system always working oil.
unattended bv tiie presence and exhibition of human
' temper .nd human passions. That would be to ex
pect to enjoy rewards, benefits and blessings, without
labor, care and watchfulness—an expectation contrary
to Divine appointment. These are the discipline of
the American eifisen, ami he must more himself to it.
When, as now, a great policy, fastened upon the
country through its doubts and fears. Confirmed by its
! habits/ami strengthened by its personal interests and
j ambitions, is to be relaxed and changed, iu order that
: the nation may have its just, and natural and free do
; velopements, then- indeed, all the winds of controver
sy are let loose upon us from all points of the politi
cal compass, we see objects and men only through
hazes, trusts, and doubtful and lurid lights. The earth
seems to be heaving under our feet, and the pillars of
the noble fabric that protects us to be trembling be
fore our eyes. But the appointed end of all this agi
tation eomes at last, an t always seasonably: the tu
rn lilts of the people subside; the country becomes
calm once more, and then we find that only our sen
ses have lieen disturbed, and that they have" betrayed
us. The earth is firm as always before, and the won
derful structure, for whose safety we have feared so
anxiously, now more firmly fixed tliauever, still stands
unmoved, enduring, and immovable.
male child was born iu Sandisviile,
Mass , healthy aDd well formed, with "a well
defined pair of soft, silky whiskers, stretching
from ear to ear." The child is now five weeks
old, bright and lively, with a growing beard.
?ir. Isaac Eader is the boy's father. The
beard movement progresses.
j THE GAZETTE.
LEWISTOWN, FA.
Thursday, March 15, 1860.
fci'The st*b£Ci4/iU>n cf these out of thU county to whom
thU paragraph comes marked, has expired, ani unless re
newed te discontinued.
We tare alss set a limit in Miftiin county.beyond which
we intend no man in future shall owe uc for subscription.
These receirlcg the paper with tins paragraph marked,
will therefore know that they have come under our rule,
and if ; ayment is not made within one iu nth thereafter,
we shah discontinue ail such,
i
Notices of New Advertisements.
Taxpayers will find a notice fur their benefit.
Mrs. Bear advertises a lost note.
Administration notice 011 the estate of Dr. M. T.
Mitchell.
George Triester will dispose of a valuable lot of per
| sonal property.
| Joseph Reed will sell a large lot of personal proper
ty at the tavern stand f William Brothers in Reeds
; ville.
J. M. C'ogley Las for sale Dr. O. Phelps Brow n's val
■ liable medicine.
'i ho list of tavern apple itions and s.-tno additional
l jjherirfs .Sales.
SSpTo the exclusion of other matter
' prepared for the Gazette this week, we to
day conclude the able aud logical speech
of thp distinguished Senator from New
York. Head it. and hand it to your neigh
: bor, for sinc-e the days of Clay and Web
ster nothing has emanated from the halls
of Congress equal to tins effort in behalf
of freedom.
Sunbury and Erie Railroad.
We publish below a hill relative to the
j
1 Sunbury and Erie Railroad Company, by
which the State agrees to relinquish its in
terest as first mortgagee in favor of a new
i issue uf bonds to he made for the purpose
of completing the road. The alternative
: seems fo be that either the State must, it
j self embark once more iu railroading, and
thus rc-open the treasury doors to the pec
ulations lormerly practiced, or suffer the
managers to complete it by this new issue
of bonds, hi this view cf the case, wo be
lieve the taxpayers would stand in a better
position by the passage of the bill than to
; be again saddled with a nest of plunderers
i who would make a second Portage Railroad
I job out of it—for, with the Railroad un
i completed, the estate bonds are worth noth
! ing ; while completed, the State would be
more likely to realize its claims than as
matters now stand.
■ A Further Supplement to the act incorporating
the Sunbury and Eric railroad company.
SEC 1. !'•>■ it enacted by the Senate aud
I House of Representatives oj the Common
\ wealth of Pennsylvania iu General Assembly
\ met, and it is hereby < r.ta'ed by the an the r ity
I of the same: That this Sunbury and Erie
: railroad company be and they are hereby au
thorizeil to cancel two millions six hundred
i and twenty-five thousand dollars of tiie five
! percentum bonds now owned by the said com
i pany and executed by them under the second
: section of the act entitled " An act for the
J sale of the State canals," approved the 2lst
! day of April one thousand eight hundred
| and fifty eight, and the trustees of the mort
| gage executed and delivered by the said com
pany on the nineteenth day of May, one thou
i sand eight hundred and fifty eight, to secure
1 the payment of the said bonus, shall he and
[ they arc hereby authorized and required to
endorse a credit on the said mortgage for the
full amount of bonds which may be cancelled
as aforesaid, and the State Treasurer, with
the consent of the managers of the said r in
! pany, shall retain the balance of the -
i onds owned by tjie said company, amount
ing to eight hundred and seventy five thou
1 sand dull irs, and ou said cancellation being
| made shall credit the said company with the
j said balance on accoupt of interest di e to the
j Commonwealth from the said company, f.,r
the period of five years, on and after the thir
! ty first day of January, one thousand eight
| hundred and sixty.
SEC. 2. I h:p. iu consideration of the great
| advantages which must result from the com
j pletion of the Sunbury and Erie railroad, by
| the opening up of a large section of the State
through which it is to pass, and for the pur
; pose of securing the completion thereof at
the earliest practicable period, Be it fur
THBS ENACTED, That the said company be and
, they are hereby authorized, after the caneei
' lation of the said five per cent bonds as men
tioned in the first section ot this act, to exe
i cute and issue three millions five hundred
thousand dollars of six per cent bonds in
sums of one thousand dollars each, the prin
j cipal and interest of all or any ot which may
| be made payable in sterling money of Great
Britain, in interest thereof at such times aud
! places as the managers of the said company
| in ay determine, and the principal at twenty
| years after the first of July, one thousand
eight hundred and sixty, and shall not be
I sulject to taxation, and the said bonds may
in the discretion of the said managers be
made convertible into a preferred stock which
they are are hereby authorized to issue from
time to time as the same may bo required by
any if the holders of the said toads and the
dividends upon cuch preferred stock by a
mortgage of the entire line of their railroad
and its appurtenances fiuished and to be fin
ished, including all the rolling stock and real
estate now owned, or "which may be acquired
and owned by them, together with their
rights, liberties aud franchises, which said
mortgage shall be and forever remain the
first lien on all the said property, until the
same shall be lawfully satisfied of record,
subject only to the mortgage of one million
of dollars heretofore executed by the said
company on forty miles of tiie said line of
road extending from Suubury to Williams
port.
SEC. 3. 1 hat two and a half millions of
dollars of said bonds authorized to he issued
by the second section of this act, shall be de
posited in the office of the State Treasurer, to
be delivered to tiie said company pari passu,
with the progress of the work in the same
manner as was provided for the delivery of
the bonds authorized and required by "this
act to be cancelled.
The Muucy Luminary has a notice of
aa infanticide case in which a woman from
or near that place and a " doctor from a
neighboring county are concerned. No names
are given.
Pro Rata Freight-
A bill vras recently reported in tlie Leg
islature to regulate the freight charges on
thq, Pennsylvania Railroad, so as to prevent
a discrimination in favor of western pro
duce to the extent now practiced. We are
not of that class who believe the railroad
ought to carry freight from Lewistowu to
Philadelphia, cr westward, at the same rate
ao from Pittsburg to Philadelphia, but at
the same time no freight from beyond
Pittsburg ought to be carried over the road
at a less cost per ten than from that point.
As an example, we see it stated that a Pitts
burg firm receiving rye flour from Lewis
town, IST miles, was charged •>ij cent- p:r
barrel, while under the rivalry for the wes
tern trade the Pennsylvania railroad carried
the produce oi' the Missouri farmer 353
iuiies for 30 cents. The same thing is a!-
so true of Mann's celebrated axes, the dis
crimination being so great that the manu
facturer in the New England States can
ship his goods to western points at a less
cost thau uurs. Such a system is of course
all wrong, and although the hill reported
has been "scorched" in the Senate of this
State, we tlnnk legislation of some kind i?
called for in the States principally inter
ested, namely, New York, Pennsylvania
and Maryland. A combined movement in
al! these would sou;: cure the evil, and ulti
j mutely bo of benefit to the railroads and
all concerned in them.
Married.
< >ll the Sth. at the resilience <>f Lc Muens. I.EW IS
LKOPt Llt • v.- ELIZA Mel* - WELLOWENS,ai! of
Wranville t.iwuWiip.
l;i Lewistown, on tht Sth tilt-,by C. Hoover, Esq $
• iKoIMK CKAH.YM "f A- vt<n II •aiikon, • SL--
,\ ANNIE C. Kit HWiNE .f L.-\vi?towu
! * n the Ist inst.. bv IT-v. .'..n., -i> U'-n-ds. D. I)..
.! >hn w x.'tooii oi'iT t.. < N.- r r.i.Ass, both
Died.
On the C:;,; i.!t • in tlrmiville township, Mis. SAI'AII
1 \Ti! AUINK. will* of 'Jahricl Alien, acjcl 'A- years'. &
; mouths, and 14 d.'iys.
j On the 25th tilt., in Perry township. EMMA JVNE,
daughter of Jacob and Matilda Kline, aged 3 years.
10 mouths, and 25 day.".
Till BUTE < >F RESPECT.
At a special nice- .. ~f the. Miffiin County Cavalry,
held at Miiroy, March nth. 1-•>'>. fir the purpose nf eon
■ side-ring tin- event < I" th.o death of their Captain, M.
j T. MITCHELL. Lierttenhnt John T. Taylor having
been called W the chair. said: It is t,..1 painful. as
| well as t<" arduous a task for me to assume the heavy
res|jonsilnlity that now falls upon no- bv this di.-pen
satinu of I>ivine Providence, that calls us together nr.
i this mournful occasion. Not .-ix months have rolled
i away since our organization, and already are our rank.* '
I t rofeen by the rude hand of death, - no aims for his
I v'ietiin tile brudite-' n rk. ♦ >i:r illn-frinus, otirbeldv
l o<i t'omma.irder is-no'titore. i"or this, tye put on the
| bavin.' i,t iiiouriiin.'; for this, our eyes now dropatrib
i utary tear: nor d > we weep alone. This whole con
nyunity syqtpalluzca^with ns. and sustains a Us? that 1
i i.atinot soon be replaced. Let us therefore unite with j
I tiieni in lamenting our one common loss, and bow in i
! due submission to tiic will ofHimwhodocth all tiling?
well. We. now go to pay the last tribute of respect to i
I ti.s i. eir.oi v. and in so doing it is to be hoped that ore b
| member of the company, w ill conduct himself in r.
i proper and becoming manner.
' On motion. John Montgomery , Ner Thompson, and '
' Hiram MeCK-nahan, were appointed a committee. to !
; draft resolutions in retVrcn.'e to the object of the |
| meeting, wlii offered the follow iijg, which were adopt- .
•I'Auvis it has pleased Almighty < 0.l to remove by ;
death our e-cemed Commander, 11. T. Mitelieil. M.
; 1 >.. 77evrfoM lit ov.That in expressing our loss it! [
the dentil of one s • honorably and acceptably per
i forming hi? part, as the highest officer of our eompa
; ny. so eminently endowed with gift? and graces qual
ifying him for a position civil or military, as rcuovvued
as his professional iif<- was useful and distinguished,
| we would ncverless bow in subnjission to a Providence. ,
all-wise, even when atliietive.
Rwhot. That we deeply sympathize with the family :
of the deceased.
Tiiat we attend b s funeral in a hndv and '
wear the usual badge of mourning mi parade for six
i months.
A'-.-I', ■/. That a copv i ' the foregoing lie pre.scntcd
to the afflicted family and to cur c ui tv j ancrs for
' publication.
PUBLIC S^ZLjEL.
\ ILL be offered at public sale, at the
y residence of tlie subscriber, at Samuel
Ort's farm in Ferguson's Valley, on
Tuesday, March 21, 1860.
the following Personal Property, to wit:
HORSES,^
6 Co we, 20 head of Young Cattle, 15 to 20
head of Hogs, 18 Sheep, Threshing Machine,
Cultivator, Plows, Harrows, Grain Drill,
Horse Gears, four horse Wagon, and a varie
ty of Farming Ltensils too numerous to men
tion. Sale to commence at 10 o'clock a. m.
of said day, when terms will be made known i
by ' GEOItGE TRIESTER.
Ferguson's Valley, March 15, 1860-ts*
PTJBDTO SALE.
be sold at public sale, at the resi
f T denee of William Brothers, in Reeds
vilie, oa FRIDAY. March 30th, 1860,
the following personal property, to wit:
20 Beds, Bedsteads and Bedding; 5 Dinin-
Tables; 2 end Tables; 2 side Tables; 5 Tables
for silting rooms; 7 Wash Stands with bowls
and pitchers; 10 bed room Looking Glasses; 1
large Mantle Glass; 2 smaller ones: 1 large
Book Case: i Settee; 1 Sofa; 1 coal and wood
Chest; 5 Benches; 1 Hathaway Stove with
Pipe; 2 Coal Stoves with boilers on top, and
pipe; 1 Parlor Stove and Pipe ; 1 Bed Boom j
Stove; 1 large and 1 small Wood Stove: 2 Cir
cular Tables; 1 Cupboard; Dishes, Plates,
Knives and Forks, Cups and Saucers, brass
and glass Candlesticks, lard and fluid Lamps;
1 large Entry Lamp ; Lantern on out post:
Pictures in Frames; Bar Room, Bed Room
and Sitting Room Chairs, and a number cf
Dining Room Stools; a largo quantity of Par
log, Entry, Dining Room, Stair, and Bed
Room Carpeting; Oil Cloths; 6 sets Yenitian
Blinds; 12 sets Window Curtains; 1 Bar with
all the fixtures; Kegs; whiskey and iron bound
Barrels; Bar Furniture; one Globe Sign.
Also, 2 Horses, a Mare supposed to be with
Foal, a Cow and Calf, one Yearling Calf,
Breeding Sow and seveu Pigs, five IIo"s and '
twelve Shoats. A one horse Sled, Plow? Cart,
and a variety of oilier things too numerous to
mention. Sale to commence at 9 o'clock a.
m., of said dev. and will continue until all is
sold. Terms will be made known bv
JOSEPIIREED.
Notice to Taxpayers.
are hereby notified that five
X per cent will be allowed on all State or
county taxes paid into the hands of collectors,
on the duplicates of iB6O, on or before the
first day of July next.
WM. CREIGHTOX
JOHN PEACHEY,
R. BRATTON,
Lewisiown, March 15, 1860. Com'rs.
WHITE WINE, Vinegar, and Cider, on
i 7 T hand and for sale by A. FELIX.
A PROMISSORY note, g*, nby MicU,.
2\_ Ruble to the undersigned for Fifty pV
lars, payable on demand. It i.< believed ?
have been dated in November last. Ail tv. '
i sons are hereby cnoti,med\' IS * to purchase '*■'*
' trade for said note.
SL'SANNAII BEAR
Ferguson's Valley, March 15, 1 SCO. ;u
Estate of Dr. TJoscs T. BUchell, dct'd.
"V OTICE is hereby given that letters „f a ,t.
x. 7 ministration on the estate of Dr. MOSFs
I. Ml ICIIRLIj, lute of Armagh townihin
Miffiin county, deceased, have been granted
to the undersigned, the first named residing
near the Farmer's High School, Centre enunl
tv, and .he latter at Miiroy, in said town'
ship. All persons indebted to said etnt„„ r „
requested to make immediate payment, and
those having claims to present them dul'v a u .
thentiented for settlement.
JOHN 11. MITCHELL. Admr
MARIA B. MITCHELL, Admx.
IJZC?E33SRSES.
HE following applications for license have
I been filed in my office, and will }. ~r .
1 presented for consideration in the Court , f
Quarter Sessions of 7lifHin county on Friday'
the 6th day of April, when all persons inter
ested will be heard by petition, reiuonstranc
or otherwise:
Sainuel M. Aultz, Inn or Tavern, Lewistowa
Jacob Bearly, do
John Brown, do do
Daniel Eisenblse, do do
Jacob Mutthersbougb.do do
Moses A. Sample, do do
Caroline Williams, do d 0
J. A W. V. 15. Copliu, do Armagh
W. Swinehart, do do
G.-orge Settle, do Brnttoa
John Montgomery, do Brown
A. Mutthersb -ugh, do Decatur
Elias B. Hummel), do do
Simon Yeager, do Derrv
Jacob L-itz. do Granville
ii. A. Bradlv, do McVeytown
Rosannali I>avis, do d 0
William Setnple, do Mennn
Jno. D>pple, do Newton Hamilton
J. G. McGlaughlin do d i
Ricliar i Brindlc do Union
Henry Selfridge do , (>
11. J. WALTERS, Clerk of Sesaions.
Clerk's Office, Lewi-town, March 15, iB6O.
SUSTMM
J*>\ virtue of sundry writs < f Venditioni
.. ) Expi iia? and Levari Facias issued outot
the Court < f Common Pleas of Mifflin coun
ty, and to mo directed, will be exposed to
sale by public vendue or outcry, at the Court
House, in the Borough of L -wistown, en
Saturday, March SI, 1860,
at cno o'clock in the afternoon, the follovrir.i
real estate to wit:
A tract of land situate in Union township,
Miflliii county. Containing forty seven acres,
be the same more or less, adjoining lands of
Samuel Ybder on the south and on the cast
and on tile north,' arid land of Oliver Camp
bell on tiie west, with a log house, log hum
and other improvements thereon erected.
Seized, taken in execution and to be sold ax
tha property cf John .Vafecr.
ALSO,
-i tract of laivl situate in I lorry township,
Mifflin county, containing one hundred and
eighty acres, be the same in.ire or less, about
one hundred and forty acres cleared, with a
large store house, a large bank bam and oth
er improvements thereon erected, adjoining
lands of Samuel Aurand and Henry AlhriHit
on the west, Isaac Price and Jacob Hoover
on the north, -Jacob Hoover and R. U. Jacob
on the cast, and Henry Oit on the south..
Seized, taken in execution and to bo sold as
the property of Ijcicis Wisler.
A LSO f
A large store house, known as the Mam
moth .Store in the borough of Newton Ham
ilton, Mifflin county, said building being fifty
feet square, or thereabouts, and two stories
high, 'with a lot or piece of ground upon
which said store house stands, bounded on
the north by front street, east by John Phil
ips, south by Oorrcli, and west by F. S. Buck
iey.
u( ground situate in the afor
sai.l bhrough ami-county, with a brick dwel
ling house and other improvements thereon.
eree.au, iroutiug Ibrty feet, more or less, on
Front street, and running back fifty feet more
or less to lot of Joseph Sechler, bounded on
the ycst by lot of George McOlaughlin, north
east by James Vanzandt and south by Front
street. Seized, taken in execution and to bo
sold as the property of John K. I Rhodes.
ALSO,
All that certain tract of land situate in Ar
magh township, Mifflin county, bounded and
described as follows—Beginning at a post,
'.hence by land of 1 nomas 5\ atson north 34°
west 50 perches and 8 10 to a post, thence
north 9° west 120 8 10 perches to a post,
thence by land of the heirs of 11. M. Thomp
son, dee'd, north 89° cast 31 9-10 perches to
stone--, tnenco north 33° east 9 perches to a
thence nortu 89' cast 93 perches to a
post, thence by Robert McManigil south 51*°
east 85 8 10 perches to a post, thence by
lands of Marks' heirs south 48° west 181
perches to a post, thence south 45j° west 10
8 10 perches to the place of beginning, con
taining 125 acres and 145 perches and allow
ance, with a dwelling house, barn, and other
improvements thereon erected. Seized, taken
in execution and to be sold as the property
of liohert McMamyil, deceased. (7 acres and
14 perches ol the above described tract of
land having been purchased by Isaac Kipp is
hereby excepted .and reserved.)
ALSO,
A piece or parcel of land situate in Brown
township, Mifflin county, containing two acres
and sixteen perches, more or leßs, bounded
by lands of Benjamin Garver on the west and
lingo Alexander on the south, east and north,
with a four story brick building and other im
provements thereon erected, and known as
tiie Kishacoquillas Seminary. Seized, taken
' n . e f ecu ti° n an d to be sold as the property o£
Kishacoquillas Seminary.
ALSO,
, . ground situate in Decatur town
snip, -lifflin county, containing about ODO
an ? acre8 > more or less, with a one and
a halt story dwelling house, fruit trees and
other improvements thereon erected, bounded
by lands of Ilenry Ulch on the eaet, Elizabeth
Snook on the north and west, and a road on
the south. Seized, taken in execution and to
be sold as the property of Francis Martin.
cu T - WILLIAMS, Sheriff.
Sheriff s Office, Lewistown, March 8, 1860.
Hanover Gloves.
\ ?*LW supply of WolFe Hanover Gloves
XX just received and for sale by
R. F. ELLIS,
ooto Sole Agent for Mifflin County.