Vol AAA V.—VI hole I\o. 1871.
Rates of Advertising.
Our square. 13 lines. 2 squares, f> mns. §5.00
1 time 50 " 1 year 8.00
•• 2 times 75 k column, 3 inos. G.OO
3 " 1.00 " 6 " 10.00
" 1 m °. 1-25 " I year 15.00
" 3 " 2.50 1 column. 3 tnos. 10.00
6 " 4.00 " 6 " 15.00
1 year 6.00 " 1 year 25.00
2squares, 3 times 2.00 Notices before tnar
" 3 mos. 3.50 riages, &.c. $l2.
Communications recommending persons for
I Tice, must be paid in advance at the rate of
■.j cents per square.
Philadelphia Advertisements.
BIZBI 4 CO.
Commission lie reliant**,
FOR THE SALE OF
FLOUR. GRAIN, SEEDS,
And all descriptions of Country Produce,
BROAD STREET, EAST SIDE,
Between Race and Cherry,
PHILADELPHIA.
Respectfully solicit a share of the business
from this vicinity, and refer to
.Messrs. LONGENECKER, GIUBB & Co., Bankers.
\V. RUSSELL, Esq., Cashier. Lewistown.
i; EL LOCKE. Esq., Mifflin county.
KJ. Row. ESQ .Cashier, I IIATRISB
Messrs. FENK &l MILLER, \ °
.SAMUEL JOHNSON, Esq., Marietta, Lancaster
county, Fa.
GEO. M.THOUTMAN, Cashier, of j
Western Bank, nut t n
~ i t r. „ . > Phi'adel a.
Messrs. Jas. J. DtNCAN 2L Co. f j
and Merchants generally, J
October 0, 1849—6 m.*
The Great China 8(ore
OF PHILADELPHIA.
THANKFUL to the citizens of Lewistown and its vi
-1 cinity for their increased custom, we again request
irir company to view our large arid-splendid assortment
f T.hiria, Glass and Uueensware. Dinner sets, tea ;
I<T<, toilet sets, and single pieces, either of Glass. China
■ Stone Ware, sold in quantities to suit purchasers, for j
- than they can be had elsewhere — in fact at less than !
* nales.ale prices. American and English BHITT.d.YJ.I
MLi.IL GOODS, in greater variety than ever before
fcred in the city. Fancy China in great variety, very
taeap. 5-We would invite any person visiting the city
■■J cail and ate us— they Witt at least he pleased to walk >
irouud our beautiful store, and to vie w the finest China
mi the cheapest the world produces Very respectfully,
TYNDALE St MITCHELL,
No. 219 Chestnut street, Philadelphia.
September 22, 1819 LY
BLI\II lIA AI FAf TOR V.
11. CI/AltK,
\ EMTIAN BLIND MANI'FAITCRER,
Sign of the Golden Eagle, No, 139 dy 143,
South Second street, beloic Dock street,
PHILADELPHIA,
KEEPS alwavt on hand a large and fashionable as.-rt
metit of WIDE and NARROW SLAT WINDOW .
lIKINDS, uianufactured in the best manner, of the best
materials, and at the lowest cash prices.
Having refitted and enlarged his establishment, he is '
•oared to complete orders to any amount at the shortest (
T- jtice. Constantly on hand an assortment of
Alahogaiiv Furniture,
'f every variety, manufactured expressly fur his own
? s. and purchasers may therefore rely on a good article.
-> Open in the evening.
Orders from a distance packed carefully, and sent
e of porterage, to any part of the city.
H. CLARK.
Mi .delphia, August 1?, IS49 ly.
I' A P E It ! PAP E It!
Vr. 21 Hank street, Beticeen Market and
Chesnut, and 2d and 3d streets,
PHILADELPUIA.
T IP. subscribers beg leave to call the attention of coun
*■ ir y havers lo their assortment of papers, embracing
- Cerent varieties of Printing, Hardware, Writing,
elo.M-, and Wrapping papers. Tissue papers white
-sorted colors, also Bonnet and Box Boards, fee.
Btieg engaged in the manufacture of printing papers,
v solicit orders from printers for any given si/.e,
h wilt be furnished at short notice, and atfair prices.
Market prices either in cash or trade paid for Rags
DUCKETT & KNIGHT,
_\o. 21 Dank street. Philadelphia.
October 6, 1840—ly.
LIFE INSURANCE.
Ilie Girard Life Insurance Annuity and Trust
Company of Philadelphia,
Office No. 1.">9 Chesnut Street.
Capital $300,000.
Charier Perpetual.
| r t\TIM F, to make Insurances on Lives on the mo-'
favorable terms; receive and execute Trusts, and
Deposits on Interest.
I lie < apital being paid up and invested, together with
- onulated premium lurid, affords a perfect sccurt'y to
insured. The premium may be paid in yearly,half
ariy, or quarterly payments.
I lie Company add a BONUS at stated periods to the
insurance* for life This plan of insurance is the most
■proved of, and is more generally in use than any other
, Great Britain, (where the subject is best understood by
• people, and where they have had the longest experi
:re,j as appear* from the fact that out of 117 Life liisu
: v >• i'..mpanief there, of all kinds, *7 are on this plan
ifie IJOJf US was appropriated In December, 1844,
amounting to 10 percent, on the sum insured under the
(Jest policies ; to 8f per cent., ' i per cent. Ac , ficc , on
■ hers, in proportion to the time of standing, making an
Idi'e.iiot #57.i0; 5, 4.C., A.C., tu every #lO.lO,
..ly iimiired, w hitii >* an average of more than SO
it, . ihe premiums paid, and without increasing
' annual payment to the company
The operation of the Bonus will he seen by the follow-
J - •.ample* from the Life Insurance Register of the
1 "tnpany, thus :
' Hum ] Bonus or ] Amount of Policy and
('" icy j insured. 1 Addition. Bonus payable al the
i } party's decease.
I*o isleist! 1 00 #0 | #1 IUU 00
" 5* 2,100 * il?iO on ; 2,71.0 OU
MS j 4,000 i 400 00 j 4,*00 00
" 2,1 i ! 2,000 j J7S 00 j 2,17j 00
" R:3 j 5,<J00 j 437 SO | 5.137 SP
> I'VICHI.IU containing the table of rates, and ex
'■ t..'.ti.,iis „f ,j,r subject; Forms of Application, und
further information can be had at the office, gratis, in
I'Tion or by letter, addressed tftlhe President or Actuary.
B. W. RICHARDS, President.
'"•■>. K. Ivvtr-t, Actuary. |ap2B:ly
m&IMED <&SJ2D SPOTBafiMGIIS) WK 2FJinrffl2lSJ<&li2Ba IISW^irSWIC) SGSEPIKWISJ :?j_.
Philadelphia Advertisements.
J Philadelphia and Liverpool
OF PACKETS.
! SHIPS. BURTHBS. MASTER.
J BERUS, 700 tons, Alfred F. Smith.
SHENANDOAH, 800 " J.irnes West,
j MARY PLEASANTS, 800 " J. Q. Bowne.
| EUROPE, ,00 " Henry F. .Mierckeii.
The ahove ships will sail punctually, on their appointed
j days, viz:
From Philadelphia on the 10th of each month.
I From Liverpool on the Ist of each month.
-> Taking Steam on the Delaware.
For passage, apply to
SAMUEL PLEASANTS,
\o. 37 Walnut street, Philadelphia.
Parties will find these superior first class SHU'S
most desirable conveyances for bringing out their friends,
1 ihe accommodations in second cabin and steerage being of
j the most airy and capacious description.
e> Also Drafts for sale, payable in all parts of F.ngland,
Ireland ami Scotland, from one pound upwards.
February 2, 1850 —ly
PURE FRESH COD LIVER Oil,.
rjIHIS new and valuable medicine, now used bj the
L medical profession with such astonishing edit acy in
the cure of
Pulmonary Consumption, Scrofula, Chro
nic Rheumatism, Gout, General De
bility, Complaints of the Kid
neys, dye., dye.,
is prepared from the liver of the Cod Fish for medical
use, expressl> for our sates.
{Extract from the London Medical Journal.)
"C.J. U. V, Illinois, M. D., F. K. S., Prolcssor of Medi
cine in University College, London, Consulting Physi
cian to the Hospital for consumption, &.C., says : I have
prescribed the Oil in above four hundred cases of tubercu
lous disease of the Lungs, in different stages, u Inch have
been under my care the last two years and a half. In
the large number of cases, 206 out 0f234, its use w as fol
lowed by marked and unequivocal improvement, varying
in degree in different cases, from a temporary retarda
tion of tlie progress of the disease and a mitigation of dis
tressing symptoms, up to a more or less complete restor
ation to apparent health
" The effect of the Cod Liver Oil in most of these cases
was very remarkable. Even in a few days the cough
was mitigated, the expectoration diminished in quantity
and opacity, the night sweats ceased, the pulse became
slower, and of better volume, and the up|>ctite, llesh and
strength were gradually improved.
"In conclusion, I repeat that the pure fresh oil from
the Liver of the Cod is more beneficial in the treatment
of Pulmonary Consumption than any agent, medicinal,
dietetic or re.giritenal, that has yet been employed."
As ire A ace made arrangements to procure the Cod / irer
(Hi, fret k from head quarters, it can voir be had chemically
pure by the staple buttle, vr in boxes of out dozen each.
Its wonderful efficacy has induced numerous spurious
imitations. As it* success depends entirely on its purity,
too much care cannot be used in procuring it genuine.
Kcery buttle having on it our written signature maybe
depended upon as genuine
Pamphlets containing an analysis of the Oil, with no
tices of it from Medical Journals, w ill be sent to those
who address us free of postage.
JOHN C. BAKER & CO ,
Wholesale l/ruggtsts and Chemists
100 North Third .street, Philadelphia.
October 13, 184V—6tu.
GfiORGE BELLIS,
Wholesale Commission Agent,
FOR ALL KINDS OF
FIS It,
!\o. 31 North Yi harvrs,
Above Race street, Philadelphia.
Philadelphia, April 21, 1849. — ly
\\ li olc* aI c & Re (nil
CI..OGK STOKE;.
.Vb. 238 .Market street, above Seventh, South >."le, ,
PHILADELPHIA.
VLTHOLGH we can scarcely estimate tin- \ -tin* of
TIME commercially, yet by calling at the above es
tablishment, James Bxhbek will furnish his friend,-,
among whom he includes all who duly n|i(ireciaic its
fleetness, with a beautiful and perfect Index for marking
I its progress,of whose value they cam judge
His extensive stock on hand, constantly changing in
conformity to the improvements in taste and style ot
I pattern and workmanship, consists of t'.ifht-d.iy
I fez \_and Thirty-hour Drags Counting Home, Parlor,
lj .ffiHall, Church, and Alarm ri,< >CKB, I'rem h, Go
thic and other fancy styles, as well as plain,
which from his extensive connection and correspondence
! with the manufacturers lie finds he can put at the lowest
' cash figure, in any quantity, from one to a thousand, of
; which he will warrant the accuracy.
i S> Clocks repaired and warranted. Clarl. Trimminga
Aimrf.
CALL and see me among them.
JAMES BARBER, 23S Market st.
Philadelphia, August 15, IS4O I v.
MANUFACTORY OF FOCRET BOORS,U.
Xo. 52A Chestnut Street, above Second,
PHILADELPHIA.
'PUB subscriber re;iectfully aoiif it- public ait, niton to
i * his superior and tasteful stock of
Pocket Hooks, Pocket Knives, and
Banker's Cases, Other Pine t.'utlery,
Bill Hooks, Gold Pens and Pencils,
Dressing Cases, Hegar O.st s,
( ird Cases, Chess Men,
Port Monaies, llack Gammon Boards,
Purses, Dominoes, Ac., &r.
His assortment consists of the most fashionable and )
I modern st\ !••-, of the finest quality and excellent work
manship, embracing every desirable fancy pattern, whu h
he will at all limes be prepared to exhibit and furnish
wholesale or retail on the most pleasing terms.
9>Purchasers who denire to supply themselves with
, articles of the best quality will consul! their .>w n inter
: csts by culling at this establishment
F. IL SMITH,
Pocket Book Manufacturer, 62i Chestnut Mreet.
! itfWlH) lal'J -fan.
SHAWLS! SHAWLS!
AT JONES' NEW CHEAP CASH STORE!
8-4 Silk Piaid Wool Shawls, 82 50
8-4 Cawinerc do 4 00
8-4 til per. plaid vtuol tlo 500
10-4 do do long do 375
10-4 do Bay State-do do 12 (HI
10-4 do black Thibet long do 10 00
i 10 4 do Hay State long do 050
Plain a rid Embroidered high colored Thibet J
Merino Shawls.
The above list with many others are just
opening this week at the celebrated New
Cheap ('ash Store.
oo*3. C. I>. JON ES. |
I / I YARDS of bteicbcd and >
J t "" brown Muslin, 4-4 wide and ;
extra heavy, just ooenirie at the really cheap
! store of MJSBAU.M, BRO THERS.
< )tcober 20, 1-10.
SATURDAY, FFUKUAKV IC, E !•*."<>.
iloctvg*
fl\ MOTHER DEAR.
1 here was a place in childhood,
Which 1 remember well,
And there a voice of sweetest tone,
Bright fairy tales did tell ;
And gentle words and fond embrace
Were given with joy to me,
4V hen I w as in that happy place,
Upon my mother's knee.
My mother dear!
My gentle, gentle mother!
When fairy tales were ended,
'• (ood night" she softly said,
And kissed, and laid me down to sleep,
Within my tiny bed ;
And holy words she taught me there :
Methinks I yet can see
Her angel eyes, as close [ knelt
Beside my mother's knee.
In the sickness of my childhood,
The perils of my prime,
1 he sorrows of my riper years,
The cares of every time;
W hen doubt or danger weighed me down ;
Then, pleading all for me.
It was a fervent prayer to Heaven
That bent my mother's knee.
&PC (oceiuneouo.
THE PORf KLtI.Y MAM FUTURE.
I In* number ol workmen employed to
finish one article ol* ehinaware is almost
incredible ; a single cup is said, from the
kneading of the paste, to pass through
seventy hands before u is ready for sale;
each lndu ldual, in its progress, pcrlonninw
as little as he possibly can for the remu
neration he receives. The Chinese deco
rate the exterior of their dwellings, and
their pleasure grounds, v\ itli enormous
pieces ol porcelain, both in the shape of
vases and figures; these are formed each
in several pieces, and each piece or portion
in a mould ; the paste is first well pressed
into the moulds, which are then placed be
fore a fire for a short time, to detach the
figures lrom their moulds; the various
portions are then united and cemented to
gether, the joints are carefully smoothed off
by the chisel, and are varnished and painted
over, alter which they are imperceptible.
The designs traced upon their porcelain or
china are very inferior, but the colors used
by the artists \\ ho paint these designs are
lar superior to any Kuropeau coloring.—
i'he division ol labor in embellishing and
painting the ehinaware is equal to that em
ployed in the formation of it; one traces
figures, another (lowers, a third paints the
(igures, and a fourth the flowers—in fact,
there is an artist lor delineating, and an
other for painting each particular object;
each goes on in one beaten track, without
the least conception or attempt at improve
ment, or introducing new ideas in their de
signs : and thus the same designs and
figures are accurately copied by the artists
ol the present day which were in use in
the days ol Confucius.
niTKIWOW IV EGYPT.
Among tin* laborers upon Mr. Ltrkm's
new building at Alexantlria we saw a Luge
number ol young girls 1 roili ten to lourti en
years of age. \V e were surprised to learn
that most of tin in were already married.
It is singular how very voting the Hgvp
tian peasants marry. Nine or ten \ ears
old lor girls, and twelve or lifteeu years
lor hoys, is considered a marriageable age.
Both sexes have so little objection to tin
conjugal estate, that they get married as
last and as soon as possible.
Being married once is only the begin
ning of matrimonial connexions in Egypt.
Three or lour wives apiece among the
peasants is the most common thing in the
world. In addition to which there are al
most constant mid continued changes. * Mil
wives are being divorced, and new ones
are taking their places ; so that the matri
monial ceremony in some of its various
forms, is almost continually passing before
their eyes, and intermingled, as it were,
with their daily avocations.
The peasantry do not consider and num
ber wives an incumbrance—all of them
being.expected to work. An Egyptian,
therefore, who has four good lieartv voting
wives is looked upon as a man, as the
English say, 44 well to do in the world
—or as others would express themselves,
• 4 in a very flourishing condition." These
are blessings, f suppose, which those who
find it hard work to support one. would
hardly wish lo enjoy ; still the J'tHa'tx of
the vale ol the Nile think otherwise ; and
it they can keep out ol the arniv, and
evade the suspicion ol the Turkish govern
ors, they are pretty sure to enjoy them
selves. They are a practical illustration
ol the remark, that. '• poor nud content are
rich, and rich enough."
EXAMINING A WITNESS. —*• Sir," en
quired the attorney ol a hurley Dutchman,
• 4 W hat color was this hog when you first
knew him
44 \ el, \eu I first became acquainted vid
dt: hog he vas a very little pig, and he vas
then a vite hog : but ven he got to be older,
he got to be kind and sandy like, and I
should den call him, on dc whole, a sandy
hog."
44 What ear marks had he ?"
" Vol, ven I first became acquainted vid
tie hog, he had no very particular ear marks,
except a very short tail."
44 Take your seat, sir," said the attorney ;
4 ' we'll call the next witness,"
ALLIGATORS' XESTS.
j Pliey resemble, says Lyell, in his " Sec
ond \ i.sit to America," haycocks, about
lour feet high, and five in diameter at the
base, being constructed of grass and herb
age. I irst they depositc one layer of eggs
on a floor of mortar, and having covered
ill is with a second stratum of mud and
herbage, eight inches thick, lay another
. srtl egg upon that, and so on to the top,
j there being commonly from one to two
hundred eggs in a nest. Willi their fails
they then beat down round tiie nest the
dense grass and reeds five feet high, to
prevent the approach of unseen enemies,
1 he female watches her eggs until thev
art; all hatched by the heat of the sun, and
then takes her brood under her care, de
fending them and providing for their sub
sistence. IJr. Luzenberger, of New Or
leans, told me that lie once packed up one
of these nests, with the eggs, in a box for
. the .Museum <>( St. Petersburg, but was
recommended before lie closed it to see
that there was no danger of any of the
eggs being hatched on the voyage. On
; opening one, a young alligator walked out,
and was soon followed bv the rest, about a
limn.red, which he fed in his house, where
I t icv went up and down the stairs wliin
iiing and barking like young puppies,
i hey are voracious, yet their growth was
so slow as to confirm him in the opinion
that individuals which have attained the
largest size are of very great age, though
whether they live lor three centuries, as
some pretend, must be decided by future
observation.
THE FIRST SPREE.
" .Never was drunk but once in mv life,"
saitl a chap in my hearing, *• never mean
to he again." The street seemed to he
very steep, and 1 lifted my legs at every
step as if 1 was getting upstairs. Several
cart wheels were making evolutions in mv
brain, and at one time I fancied that un
bend was a large carving and turning es
tablishment, the lathes of which L was
keeping in motion with my own feet, i
could not conceive what was the reason
that the town had turned into such an
enormous hill, and what made it worse,
was, it seemed all the while growing high
er. and threatened to pitch over me. Slop,
stop, thought I, and I'll head this old hill
yet, or at least it shan't head me. So I
turned round to go down and get at the
bottom, but hang me if the town did not
turn round with me, heading me all the
time, and presenting a bluff in front of me.
W ell, sure enough the ground flew up and
struck me or. the forehead, and soon as
the stars cleared away I commenced
climbing with my Jiands and knees. Tin
next thing I saw was a big brick house
coming full split round the corner !—and I
believe it ran over me, for 5 don't remem
ber any more !
A Km lIM:. —W henc\er jou get a black
eve in a lali on the ice, or from running
ag-mst the bed post, <>r from running awav
from a poworiul list, applv a cloth wrung
out oi very warm water and renew it unlil
the pain ceases. The moisture and heat
liquifies the blood, and sends it back to the
proper channels. Ise warm or hot, but j
never cold water to the bruise. A doctor
would charge you a dollar for this advice ;
we gi\c it gratis.
We have removed many warts by a
very simple and easy process, viz : to
wasli them with a strong solution ol pearl
ash, and let it drv on the warts. If this
is done two or three nines, the warts will
disappear.
PROFANITY. —The ltev. Dr. Pox. while
lately speaking of the ' sins of the nation."
said—• Then: is one aw fully prominent—
profane swearing. Hut of all tiie dark
catalogue, there is not one more \ ile and
execrable. It commonly does, and
loves to cluster with other sins ; and he
who looks up ami insults his Maker to his
lace needs hut a little more improvement
to make him a finished devil.
• Peter, whar you ketch dat fine fish 1
see vow carry home dis morning
• VVhar \ou think I ketch 'em ?'
• To tell you de trull", Pete, I link you
ketch dat tish without no hook and line.
• You think I steal 'em, YOU does ?'
4 1 does, actually. I peak to you indi
y idually.'
• l.ook 'ere, niggar, I hah 'spicion oh
your eraekter. if you neber steal tish
youself, how you come to fine out dai
1 'teal (lis tisli.*
1 c J There is a philanthropist in Hoston
who drinks all the brandy he can get, in
order to 44 get the cursed stuli out oi the
country lie thinks rum ought to be put
tlown. We know some of the same class ;
here.
When a woman loseth her good name
she can't get it back again. Such is pre
cisely the case yvitb a dog made into ,
sausages—he is gone forever.
4 1 won't cover your heel, I'll he darned
if I do,' as the ragged stocking said to the
novel reading young lady.
EXTRACT
From the Speech of Henry Clay on fom
proniLing the Slavery <pieBtion---l>cliv
erett in the F, S. Senate, February 5 and
0, 1850.
Sir, this I Jnion is threatened with subversion.
I want, Mr. President, totakea very rapid glance
at the course of public me&suies in this Union
j presently, f want, however, before Ido that,
to ask the Senate to look back upon the career
which this country has run since the adoption
of this constitution down to the present day
Was there ever a nation upon which the sun ot
Heaven has shone that exhibited so much of
i prosperity '. At the commencement of this
government our population amounted to about
tour millions; it tins now reached upwards of
twenty millions. Our territory was limited
chiefly and principally to the border upon the
Atlantic ocean and that which inciudes the
southern shores of the interior lakes of our
country. Our country now extends trom the
northern provinces of Ureal Brilain to the Rio
Grande and the Gulf of Mexico, on the one
side, and from the Atlantic ocean to the Pacific
on the other side—the largest extent of terri
tory under any go,-eminent that exists on the ■
face ot the eartii, with only two solitary ex
ceptions. Our tonnage, from being nothing,
has risen in magnitude and amount so as to
rival that of the notion who has been proudly
characterised "the mistress of the ocean."
We have gone through many wars—wars too
with the very nation from whom we broke off
in 1 < i li, a= w ea;. and feebie colonies, and assert
ed our independence as a member of the family
of nations. And, sir, we came out of that
struggle, unequal as it was—armed as she was
at ail points, in consequence of just ha vmgcorno
out of her Jong struggles with other European
nations,and unarmed as we were at all points,
in consequence ot the habits and nature of our
country and ltj institutions—we came, I sav,
out ol tbet war without any loss of honor what
ever—we emerged from it gloriously.
In every Indian war—and we have been en
gaged m many of them—our armies have tri
iiiiiphed ; and without speaking at all as to the
causes of the recent war with Mexico, whether
it was right or wrong, and abstaining from any
expression of opinion as to tbe justice or pro
priety of the war, when or.ee commenced all
must admit that, with respect to the gallantrv ;
of our armies, ttie glory of our triumphs, theie
is no page or pages of history which records I
more brilliant successes. With respect to one
commander of an important portion of our army
I need say nothing here; no praise is necessary ,
in behalf of one who has been elevated by the
voice of his country to the highest station she
could place him 111, inainiy on account of his
glorious military career. And of another, less
fortunate in many respects than some other
military commanders, I must take the opportu
nity ol saying, that ibr skill, for science, for
s rategy, "lor ability and daring fighting, for j
chivalry of individuals and of masses, that por- ;
lion uf the American army which was conducted j
by the gallant Scott as the chief commander, j
stands unrivalled either by the deeds of Cortez I
himself, or by those of any other commander 1
m ancient or modern times.
Bir, our prosperity is unbounded ; nay, Mr. i
President, 1 sometimes fear that it is in wan
tonness of that prosperity that many of the I
threatening ills of the moment have arisen.—
Wild and erratic schemes have sprung up
throughout tiie whole country, some of which
have even found their way into legislative halls;
ami there is a restlessness existing among us
which I fear will require the cfiastiseme.it of
Heaven to bring us back to a sense of the im
measurable benefits and blessings which have
been bestowed upon us by Providence. At this
moment—with liie exception of here and there
a particular department m the manufacturing
business of the counfry—all is prosperity and
peace, and the nation is rich and powerful. Our
country has grown to a magnitude, to a power i
and greatness, such as to command the respect, j
if it does notawe thcapprehensionsof the powers
•1 the earth with whom we come in contact.
Sir, do I depict with colors too lively the pros- j
perity which has resulted to us from "the opera
tions ot tins Union Have I exaggerated in j
any particular her power, her prosperity, or her
greatness ; And now,sir, let megoa little into ;
detail with respect to sway in the councils ot i
the nation, whether from the North or the South, I
Uiiriiig thesixty years ot unparalleled prosperity
tint wo have enjoyed. During the first twelve i
years of the administration of the government j
northern counsels rather prevailed; and out of j
in em sprang the Bunk of the United States, the
Ms.-umption w the state debts, bounties to the I
li-heries, production to our domestic manufac
tures. 1 allude to the act of 1789, neutrality ,
in ihe wars of Europe, Jay's treaty, the alien
a ; . i sedition laws, and war with France. Ido t
n it ssy, s:r, that these, tiie leading and pronn
n n* measures which were adopted during the
administrations of Washington and the eider
Adams, were carried exclusively by nortiiern
counsels —they could not have been—but mainly
by : ,e ascendency which northern counsels had
obtained in the affairs of the nation. So, sir,of
the Inter period—tor tiie last titty years.
I do not mean to say that Southern counsels !
alone have earned the measures which I am
.about to enumerate. 1 know they could not
e.v.dusiv ly hive carried them, but 1 say they 1
have been earned by their prepondermg in-|
•ence, with the co-operation, it is true—the I
trge co-operation in some instances—ot the
ortliern section of the union. And what are
those measures 1 During the fifty years, or
nearly (hat period, in which southern counsels .
have preponderated, the embargo and other
commercial restrictions of non-intercourse and
non-importation were imposed; war with Great
Britain, the Bank of the United States over
thrown, protection enlarged and extended to
domestic manufactures. 1 allude to the pas- j
sago ot the act of 1815 or I>l<>, the Bank of the
United States re-established, the same Bank
put down, re-established by southern counsels j
and put down by southern counsels, Louisiana
acquired, Florida bought, Texas annexed, war
with Mexico, California and other territories ;
acquired from Mexico by conquest and pur
chase, protection superseded, and free-trade
established, Indians removed west of the Mis
sissippi, and fifteen new States admitted into
the Union. It is very possible, sir, that in this
enum 'ration 1 may have omitted some of the ;
important measures wlrch have been adopted i
during this Utl<T period of time -the la--' fifty i
New Series—Vo 8. 4 No. 17.
i
years—but these I believe to be the most prom
| tnent ones.
Now. sir, 1 do not deduce from the enumer
ation of the measures adopted by the oue side
or the other, any just cause of reproach either
upon one side or the other ; though one side or
; the other has predominated in the two periods
;to which I have referred. These measures
were, to say the least, the joint work of Loth
parties, and neither oi them have any just
cause to reproach the other. Bat, sir, ! must
say, in all kindness and sincerity, that least of
all ought the South to reproach the North,
when we look at the long list of measures
which, under her sway in the counsels of the
nation, have been adopted; when we reflect
that even opposite doctrines have been from
time to time advanced by her ; that the estab
; lishinent of the Bank of the United States,
j which was done under the administration of
Mr. Madison, met with the co-opertioan of the
| South—l do not say the whole South —l do not,
! when I speak of the South or the North, speak
of the entire South or the entire North : I
; speak of the prominent and larger proportion
of southern and northern men.
It was during Mr. Madison's Administration
that the Bar.!; of the United States was estab
lished. My friend, w hose sickness—which I
very much deplore—prevents us from having
his attendance upon this occasion, (Mr. Cai
houn,) was the chairman of the committee,
and carried the measure through Congress. I
voted for it with a!! my heart. Although I had
been instrumental with other southern votes in
putting down the Bank of the United States, 1
changed my opinion and co-operated in the
establishment ot the Bank of 1-IG. The same
j Bank was again put down by southern counsels,
with Gen. Jackson at their head, at a later
period. Again, with respect to the policy of
J protection. The South in ISIS—I mean the
1 prominent southern men, the lamented Lown
des, A r. Calhoun, and others—united in ex
; tending a certain measure of protection to
| domestic manufactures as we!! as the North.
We find a few years afterwards the South in
terposing most serious objections to this policy,
| and one member of the South threatening on
; that occasion a dissolution of the Union or
; separation. Now. sir, let us take another view
of the question—and I would remark tint all
these views are brought forward not in a spirit
of reproach but ol conciliation—not to provoke
or exasperate, but to quiet, to produce harmony
and repose if possible.
What have been the territorial acquisitions
made by this country, and to what interests
have-they conduced ! Florida where slavery
exists has been introduced ; Louisiana, or ail
the most valuable part of that Slate—for al
though there is a large extent of territory north
cf the line 3G deg. 30 min. in point of intrinsic
value and importance, i would not give the
single State of Louisiana for the whole of it—
all Louisiana I say, with the exception of that
which lies north ot 30 deg. 30 rnin., including
Oregon, to which we obtained title mainly on
the ground ot its being a part of the acquisition
of Louisiana; all Texas, all the territories which
have been acquired by the government of the
United States during its sixty years' operation,
have been 6'ave territories, the theatre of
slavery, with the exception that 1 have men
i tioned ot that lying north of the line 36 deg.
! 30 min.
j And here, in the case of a war made essen
: tiaily by the Souih—growing out ot the annex
ation of Texas, which was a measure proposed
"by the South in the councils of the country,
and which led to the war with Mexico—l do
' not say all of the South, but the major portion
j of ihe South pressed the annexation ot Texas
j upon the country—that measure, as 1 have
said, led to the war with Mexico, and the war
with Mexico led to the acquisition of those ter
ritories which now constitute the bone of con
tention between the different members of the
confederacy. And now, sir, for the first time
after the three great acquisitions of Texas,
Florida, and Lousiana, have been made and
have redounded to the benefit of the South—
now, for the first time, when three territories
are attempted to be introduced without the in
stitutions of slavery, 1 put it to the hearts ct
my countrymen of the South, if it is right to
press matters to the disastrous consequences
which have beeii indicated no longer ago than
this very morning on the'occasion of the pre
sentation of certain resolutions—even extend
ing to a dissolution of the Union. Mr. Presi
dent, I cannot believe it.
Such is the union and such are the glorious
fruits which are now threatened with subver
sion end destruction. Well, sir, the first
question which naturally arises is, supposing
the Union to be dissolved tor any of the causes
or grievances which are complained of, how
far will dissolution furnish remedy for those
grievances 1 If the Union is to be dissolved
for any existing cause, it will be because sla
very is interdicted or not allowed to be intro
duced into the ceded territories; or because
slavery is threatened to be abolished in the I)i.--
trict of Columbia; or because fugitive slaves
are not restored, as in my opinion they ought
to be, to their masters. These I believe would
Lie the causes, if there be any causes which
can lead to the Jrcad-ul event to which I have
referred.
Let us suppose the Union dissolved; what
remedy does it, in a severed Slate, furnish f. r
the grievances complained of in it? united con
ditio!! '! Will you be able at the South to push
slavery into the coiled territory ? How are
you to do i\ supposing the North, or all the
States north of the Potomac, in possession of
the navy and army of the United States 1 Cun
you expect, I sav, under these circumstances,
that if there is a dissolution of the Union, yen
can carry slavery into California and Now
Mexico T Sir, you cannot dream of such an
occurrence. 1( it were abolished in the District
of Columbia and the Union v.ere dissolved,
would the dissolution of the Union restore
slavery in the District of Columbia ! Is your
chance for the recovery of your fugitive slaves
safer in a Stale ot dissolution or of severance of
the Union than when m the Union itself?
Why, sir, what is the state of the fact J In the
Union you lose some slaves and recover others;
but here let me revert to a fact which 1 ought
to have noticed before, because it i.-; highly cred
itable to the courts and juries of the tre
Stales. In every instancy as tar asm*,, infor
mation extends, in which ka appeal tias been
made to the court" oi justice to recover penal
ty from theae who have assisted in decoying