dually Instrumental In overthrowing tho iloctrino
ol perpetual allegiance-. Congross lias declared tlio
tight of expatriation to lion national and Inherent
right lot an pooplo, uutwnllo many other nations
liavo enacted law providing what formalities shall
1)0 necessary to work a chango ot allegiance tho
United B tales has enacted no provisions of law Mill
has In no respect marked out how una when expa
triation may ho accomplished); hy Alt cltliens.
Instances aro brought to tho attention
t the eovcrnment whero cltliens ot tho
United States, either naturalized or native
horn. liavo formerly becomo rltl7cns
or subjects of foreign powers, hut who nevertheless
In tho absence of Hny provisions nt legislation on
this question, whon Involved In ilimcnlllos or when
It seems to lie tholr Interest, claim to bo citizens of
tho Unltod States and demand tho Intervention of n
irovcmmcnt Which they havo long slnco ahandoneil
and to which for years they havo. rendered no ser
vice, nor held themsolves In any way amenable..
In other casos naturalized eltlzons, Immediately
nftA tintiimllTtillnn. Iinvn returned totliclr natlvo
country, havo become engaged In business, liavo.
uccpii omnia ur iiuesuiih luwuaiawu. , m jiiiL.
lcan citizenship, and ovldencono Intent to return to
tho United States until called upon to tllseharRO
some duty to tho country whero tltoyaro residing,
when at oncothey assert their citizenship and call
noon tho representatives ot tho government to aid
them in their unlust pretensions. I t Is but lustlco
to all lioua Ada citizens that no doubt should exist
on such questions, and that congress should deter
mine by enactment of law how expatriation may bo
accomplished aud chango of citizenship bo estao-
l!f afso Invito your attention to tho necessity of reg
ulating by law tho status of American women who
may marry foreigners, and of dellnlng mow; fully
that of children burn In a foreign country of Amer
ican parents who may rcsldo abroad, and also of
wino furthor provision regulating or giving lepl
ellect to marriages ot American citizens controlled
In foreign countries. Tho correspondence submit
ted herewith shows n low of the constantly occur
ring questions on these points presented to the con
sideration of tho government. There .are lew sub
jects to cngago tho attention of congress on which
moro delicate relations or more lmportaut Interests
"in Winonth of July last tho building erected
for tho department of state was taken iiossesslon of
and occupied by that department, I am linppy to
announce that the archives and valuablo papers of
tho government in the custody of that department
nro now safely deposited and properly cared for.
Tho report of tho secretary of the treasury shows
tho receipts from customs for tho fiscal year ending
.luno 3), 1871, to havo licen 163,103,833, CD. and for
tho fiscal year ending Judo 30, 1875, to have been
157,167,723 33. a decrease for tho last fiscal year of
1,039,111 31. The receipts from Internal revenue for
thoyearondlng 30th ot June, 1871, wcro 102,4i,
781 00. and for the year ending 30th of .lime, is.
were 1110,007,493 68, an Increasoof 7,507,7MC3. Tho
report also shows a complete history of the work
ings of tho department for the last year, and con
tains recommendations for reforms and for legisla
tion, which I concur In, but cannot comment un so
fully as I should like to do if space would permit,
but will confine myself to a few suggestions which
1 look upon as vital to the best Interests wo havo.
AVcro it not that customs must ho paid In coin,
and bocauso ot the pledge to pay Interest on the
pnbllodeht In coin, tho yield of precious metals
would Uow out for tho purchase of loreign produc
tions and leavo tho United States hewers ot wood
and drawers of water because of wiser legislation
on tho subject ot finance by tho nations with which
wo havo dealings. 1 am not prepared to Bay that I
can suggest tho best legislation to secure the end
most heartily commended. It will bo a source of
great gratification to me to be able toapprovo any
measure of congress looking effectively toward se
curing resumption. Unlimited Intlatlon would
probably bring about specie payments moroBpeedlly
than any legislation looking to the redemption of
the legal tenders In coin, but It would be at tho ex
pense of honor. Tho legal tenders would have no
valuo beyond bettllng present liabilities, or,
properly speaking, repudiating them, and
they would buynothlng alter debts were all settled
There are a few measures which seem to bo Impor
tant in this connection, and which I commend to
your earnest consideration. A repeal of so much
ot the legal tender act lis makes those notes receiv
able for debts contracted after a date to bo fixed in
tho act Itself, say not later than tho first ot Janu
ary, 1877. Wo should then havo quotations at real
values, not fictitious ones. Uolil would no longer
lo at a premium but currency at a discount, a
healthy reaction would set In at once, and with It a
desire to make tho currency equally what It pur
ports to be. The merchants, manufacturers aud
1 radesmen of every calling could do business on a
fair margin of profit, tho money to bo received hav
ing an unvarying value. Laborers and all classes
who work for stipulated payor salary would re
ceive inoro for their Income because extra profit
would no longer ho charged by tho capitalist to coin-
Knsato for the risk of u downward fluctuation in
o valuo ot tho currency.
Second. That' tho secretary of the treasury bo
authorized to redeem, say not to exceed two mil
lion tlnn.ir ninntblvof leaal tender notes bv Issu
ing in thetr stead a long bond bearing interest ot
tho rate of three and 6lxty-flve hundredths per
cent, per annum, Ol ueuoiuiuaiiuns rouging iiuiu
fifty dollars to one thousand dollars. This w ould lu
time reduce tho legal tender notes to a volume that
could bo kept afloat without demanding redemption
In largo sums suddenly.
That additional power ho given to tho secretary
ot the treasury to accumulate gold for final rodemn-,
tlou, either by Increasing revenue, curtailing ux
pense, or both. It Is preferable to do both, and I
recommend that reduction ot expenditures be inado
wherever it can bo done without Impairing
tho government's obligations or crippling tlio due
execution thereof . Ono measure for Increasing the
revenue, and tho only ono I think of. Is the restora
tion of the dutv on tea and coffee. Theso duties
would add probablylts, 000,000 to tho present amount
receiveu irum imports uuuwuutu ju uuivuy mcjeato
the prices paid for those articles by tho consumer.
Theso articles are the products ot countries collect
ing rcvenuo from exports, and as we, tho largest
cousumors, reduce the duties they pronorllouatcly
Increase them. With this addition to Clio revenue.
many uuiies nuw cuueciuu uuu wiui-n bivu uui uti
insignificant return for tho 'cost of collection,
might bo remitted, and to tho dlicct nilvan
iako of consumers at home. I would mention
those articles which enter into manufactures of nil
sorts. All duty paid upon suchartlcleg go directly
to tho cost ot tlio article when manufactured heie.
and must bo paid for by tho consumers. Theso
ilutles not only como from tho consumers ut homo
but act as a protection to foreign manufactures ot
the same completed article In uur own and distant
markets. 1 will suggest or mention another sub
ject bearing niton the problem of how to enable the
secretary ot tho treasury to accumulato balances.
It Is to devlso eouio bettor method ot verifying
claims against the gvernmeut than at present
exists through the coui t of claims, csjici'lally Uiomj
claims growing out ot tho lato war, Nothing Is
moro certain thau that a very largo percentage ot
tho amounts passed and paid are cither wholly
fraudulent or are far In excess of tho real losses uns
tained. The largo amounts of losses pioveu on
8 cod testimony, according to existing law s, by aul
avlts of fictitious or unscrupulous iwrsons, to liavo
been sustained ,on small farms mid planta
tions, are not only far lwjond the pugalble
yield ot thoso places for nuy ono year,
but as every one knows who lias had oxjierleuce lu
tilling tho soil aud who has visited tho scenes of
these spoliations, are lu many Instances muro thau
the Individual claimants were ever worth. Includ
ing their personal and real estate,
Tho report of tho attorney general, which will lw
submitted tocongressatau early day, will 'contain
it detailed history of demands made and of claims
liendlng ot tho class here referred to,
Tho rcr-ortoftlio secretary orwar, accompany,
lug this message gives a detailed account of
army operations for tho year Just passed, ox
pcuscs lor maintenance, cto., VftUirccommemla
tlous tor legislation, aud I rcsiicctl'ully iuvlt
your attention to soino of these. Hrsr. 1 Imito
tlieclal attention to tho necessity of making ssoo,
(K0 of tlie appropriation lor tho bustenauco do,
partment , available beforo the ueglnulng of next
year. Without these provisions troops at pres
ent distant from supply production must either
go wlthoutfood, or existing laws must bo viola
ted. It Is not attended with Info to tho
treasury. 8econd. Ills rccctomendllon for tho
enactment or a system of annuities lor the fami
lies of deceased officers by voluntary deductions
from tho monthly pay of officers. I'liU again Is
not attended with bur Jen upon tho treasury, and
would, for tho futuro, relievo much distress,
which every old array officer has witnessed In tho
past, of officers dying soddcnly or being killed,
Having famdics without even tho means of
reaching their friends, If fortunato enough to
havo friends, to aid tliem.i Third. The reiieal of
the law abolishing mileage, and a return to tho
old yteni. Fourth. Tho trial with
torpedoes under tho corps or engineers
ana appropriation for the same. Should v, ar ever
occur between tlio United states and any mail
tlmo power torpedoes will bo among if not tho
most eflectivo and cheapest auxiliary for lite dei
lenso of harbors, and also In aggressive nitra
tions that wo can have. Uence ft is advisable to
larn by exiicrlmcnt their best construction and
application as well as effect. Fifth. A licrma
iicnt organization lor the signal scrvlco euri.
'lnls eervico has now becomo u necessity of
Iaco as well as war under tho advance
ment mado by the present ablo management.
Sixth. A renewal of the appropriation lor com
piling the official records ol r the war, etc. The
condition of our navy at this tlroe is a subject or
mwmvhvw mvv, uvtvvuwm ii is ituv any 01
of tho powerful cruising Iron clads which
mako to much of Uio maritime strength
of soino other nations, but neither our con
tinental Mtnntlonmior our foreign policy
required that wo should ltnvo n largo number of
ships of this character whtlo tills situation ntid
tho natltro of our iK)rf s comblno to mako theso of
other nations little llnngcrous to us under nny
circumstances. Our navy does not contain,
however , it conililcrnhle number of iron clads of
tho monitor class, which, though not propoly
cruisers, nro powerful and cll'ectlvo for harbor
defense and lor 0crallon.i near our shores. Of
theso tho tluglo turretcd ones (111 Iccn lu
number) havo been substantially rebuilt, their
rotten wooden bcanii repaired with Iron, their
lmlH strengthened and their engines nnd
machinery thoroughly repaired: so that they
are now lu tho most efficient condition
and romly for pea ns soon as thoy can bo
moved and put m commission. Tito llvo tloublo
turrottpd iron dads belonging to ottrnavy by
far tho most powerful of onr ships for lighting
purposes, nro nlso In hand undergoing complete
repairs and coilM bo readvlor sea in periods
varying Horn four to clx inouUis. With, theso
completed according to tho present design and
our two lion torpedo boats now rcaiy, our Iron
clad licet will bo for tho purposes of ucfenca nt
homo equal to Buy I'oo that can readily bo
hrought against It. Of our wooden navy nlso
cruisers of various sizes to tho number of about
forty, Including those uow In commission nro In
tho Atlantic and could bo ready for duty as fast
as men could bo enlisted for thoso not already
In commission. Of theso onc-thlrd nreln effect
now ships, and though some of tho remainder
need considerable repairs to their boilers and
machinery, they all are or can readily bo mado
effective. This constitutes a fleet or moro thau
titty war ships, of which fifteen arc Ironclad,
now In hand on tho Atlantic coast. Tho nary
lias been brought to this condition by a J ndlclous
and practical application of what could
bo spared from the current appropria
tions or tho last few years and from
that mado to meet tho possible emergency of
two years ago. It hasbcen douo quietly without
proclamation or display, and though it litis no
cessarlly straightened tho dctartmcnt In Its ior
dlnary expenditures, and a-tfar as tho Ironclads
ara concerned, has added nothing to tho cruising
force or the navy, yet tho result la not tho less
satisfactory, becnurfo It is to 1! found in a great
lncrcaso ot real, rather than apparent force. Our
expenses Incurred in tho iiuiuteninco of an ef
fective naval force In all ltd branches nro ncccs.
sarlly largo, but such force Is essential to our
position, rclatluns nnd character, and ntrccta so.
rlouslytho weight of our principles and policy
throughout the w holo sphere or iutlon.il l cspon
slhlllty. Tho estimates for tho reguhr sup.
port of tliU branch of tho scrvlco for tlio
next year amount to n llttlo lets in tho
nggregato than thoso inado for tho current year,
but some nddilionnl appropriations are asked for
objects not included in tho ordinary mainten
ance of tho navy but believed to bo of pressing
importanco at this time. Jt would in my opinion
bo wiso nt onco to afford sufficient means for
tho Immediate completion of tho llvo iloublo tur
rctted monitors now undergoing repairs, which
must othcrwiso advance slowly and only as
monoy can bo spared from (ho current expenses.
Supplemented by theso our navy, armed with
tho destructive weapons of modern warfare,
manned bvour seamen and in ehargo of our In
structed officers, will present a forco jiowcrfulfor
tho homo purposeeof n rcsponslblethougU peace
ful nation.
Tho report of tlio postmaster geucral herewith
transmitted gives a full history of tho workings
of the department for tlio year Just past. It will
be observed that tho deficiency to ho supplied
from tho general treasury is tluercascd over tho
amount required for tho preceding jear. Inn
country so vast In ntea us tho United States,
with largo portions sparsely scltled, It must bo
expected that tills Important scrvlco will ho
more or lees a burden upon tho treasury for
many years to come, llutthero Is no branch of
thupuhllo scrvlco which Interests tho wbolo
people moro than that of cheap and rapid trans
mission of tho mails to every Inhabited partof
our territory. Nc.sttotho freo school tho jiost
ofllco is tho great educator of tho people, and
it may well receive tho support of tlio
general government. Tho subsidy of sJ150,ntH)
per annum given to vessels of tho Culled Statu
)or carrying tho mails between Now York nnd
Uio do Janerlo, having ceased on tlio 51 th day of
September last wo nro without direct mall facli
ltieswlihtho South American states. Tills is
gicatly to be regretted, and 1 do nut licsltato to
recommend the authorization of n lcucwal of
that contract and abo that tho service maybe
increased from monthly to semi-monthly trips.
Tho commercial advantages to bo gained by a
diaectlluoof Ameiicau steamers io tho feoulh
American states will far outweigli tho expensu
of tho service, lly act of congross, approved
March U, IMS, almost all matter, whether ptop
crly mall matter or not, may ho sent any distance
throngh tho malls lu packages not exceeding
fouriHHtnds In weight for the sum of sliteeu
cents pi'r pound, ho far as tlio transmission of
real mall m-ilter goes this would stem rntlicly
proper, but I suggest that tho law bo so aiueudeil
as to exclude from tho malls merchandise of all
descriptions, nnd limit this transportation to tho
articles enumerated, and which may bo classed
as mail matter proper.
Tho dlscovcryofgold in iho niack Hills, a por
tion of tho Sioux reservation lias hail tho effect
to induce nl.ugo emigration of miners tdthat
point. Thus far thueflort to protect tho tieaty
rights of tho Indians to that section litis been
successful, hut the next 3 car will certainly wit
ness a large luareuvi of such cmluratloii. Tho
negotiations lor tlio relltiiiulshmeiit of tho gold
fields having tailed, It will ho left for congress to
adoptsomo measures lo ie!levu tlio cuibairnss.
lucnt growing uut of thu ca'S named. 'I he sec
retary of the interior suggests that the supplies
niwuppropitaUd fur the sustenance of that peo.
pie being no longer obligatory under the tieaty
or 18G8, but simply n gratuity may bo Issued or
withheld at his discretion.
The condition of tho ln.lianterrl orv,towhlchl
havo referred lu sevein1 of niv former Hiiuital
messages, remains practically unchanged. Tho
secretary of thu Interior has taken measures to
obtain a full report of the comlitiou tu that ter
ritory, nnd It will ma). e it tlio subject of a spe
cial reiuit at an early day. It miy then bene
cessarv to lnaki, it imu further rernmiiieiidntlnii
In regard tn legislation for ths goteiumtnt of
iuiil lerriiorj,
Tho stoadv growth and Increase of tho
butinefsof tho patent oiileo indicator In soino
measure tho progress of tho industrial ac
tivity of tlio country. Toe recelptsur tho ofileo
are In excessof lti cxKiullturea, and tliounleo
generally is lu n prosperous and satlsj'actoiy con
dition, Tho report of tho general lard ofileo shows
that thcro were '.',15D,o01 acres less dlsisracd of
during this than during tho last year. These
wcro disposed of under tho homestead and tim
ber culture laws. The causes or this decrcaso
Is supposed to bo found In tho grasshopper
scourge and tho droughU which ievulled so ox.
tenslvely in some of tho frontier slates and ter
ritories during that time us to dUcourago and
deter entries by actual settlers. Tho last re
ceipts wore less bv sca,ro2,'.'il than during tho
preceding year. Tlio entire surveyed proa of tho
public domain Is CSt),233,004 acres, of which
a5,u77.53l acres wcro surveyed during tlio past
year, leaving 1,131,171,702 acres still unsurvoyed.
Tho report of tho commissioner resents many
Interesting suggestions in rcganl to the man.
agemept and disposition of tho ptibllo domain,
and th modltlcatlon of existing laws, tlio appa.
rent loiportanco of which should fnsuro for
them tho careful consideration of congress.
The number of pensioners still continues to de
crease, the highest number having been reached
during tho year ending Juno 30,1813. During
tho past year 1 1, C67 names wcro added to tho
roll ami 12,977 were dropped thcrcfiom, showing
a not decrease or 1,020, but while the number of
pensioners has decreased the.aunnal amount duo
on tho jieuslon rolls has increased SU,"33.13.
This Is caused, by tho greatly Increased averngo
ratoot pensioners, which by tlio liberal legisla
tion ot congreaj has Increased from Sii.t'Jtl, lu
1812, to 310,31)1, lu lt-73, to each Invalid pen
sioner, nn Increase In tho avcrogo rate of fifteen
per cent, lu tho threa tears. IJuriii-j tho ve.ir
ending Juno 30,1870, there was paid on ueconut of
peusiuiw.iiiciuuiug tue expenses or uisoursemciitd
r2D,C83,119, being naio.ci'J less than was paid
tho preceding year. This reduction In amount
of cxiionditnres was nroduccd bv tlio deereao in
tho amount of arrearages duo on allowed claims
uuu on pensions, Uio rale Ol wnicn was Increased
by legislation of tho preceding session of con
cress. At tho ClOJOOf the, last fiscal vrar there
vrero on tho pension rolls 231,821 pensioners:;
of whom 210503 wcro army pensioners, 103,478
being Invalids and 101,881 widows and dependent
relatives; 3,420 wcro navy pensioners, of whom
1,030 wcro Invalids and 1,781 widows nnd depend
ent relatives; 21,038 woro pensioners of tho war
of 1812, 15,875 of whom wcro survivors and 0,103
wcro. widows, if is estimated, uint bj,iwo,wou
will bo required for tho payment of pensions fof
tho next fiscal year, an amount $905,000 less than
tlio estlmato for tho present year.
Tho geological explorations havo been prose
cuted with energy during tho year, covering nn
area of 40,000 square miles In Iho territories of
Colorado, Utah and New Mexico, developing tho
agricultural and mineral resources and furnish
lug interesting scientific and topographical de
tails of that region.
Tho method for tho treatment of tho Indians
adopted at tho beginning of my lirst term lias
beon steadily pursued nnd with satisfactory and
encouraging results. It hasjiccii productive, of
ovhlont Improvement In tho condition of that
raco nnd will bo continued with only such modi
fications ns further cxperluco may iudlcato to bo
necessary.
Tho commission heretofore appointed to take
ehargo of tho articles and materials anpcrtalnlns
to tlio war, tho war, tho treasury, tho Interior
nnd tho mst ofllce, tho departments ofngrlcul
titro, tho Smithsonian Institutonud tho commis
sion of food fish, nnsl to bo contributed under tho
legislation or last session to tho International ex
hibition to beheld lu Philadelphia during Iho
centennial vcar of 1870, has been diligent In tlio
iliscliargo of tho duties which havo devolved
upon It, and tho preparations so far mado with
tho means at command glvo nssuranco that tho
governmental contribution will bo mado ono of
Iho marked characteristics of tho exhibition.
Tho board has observed commendable economy
In tho matter of tho 'governmental exhibit, tho
expenso of which it Is estimated will not exceed
say SSO,000. This amount has been with
drawn under tho law from tho appropria
tions of llvo or tho principal depart
ments which, leaves somo of tho departments
without sufficient means to render their respec
tive practical exhibits complete nnd satisfactory.
Tlio exhibition being international, and
tho government being voluntary contrib
utor, It is my opinion that its contribu
tion should bo of a character In quality
and extent to sustain tho dignity and credit of
bo distinguished a contributor. The advantages
to tho country of a crcdltablo display are. In an
international point of view, of tho first Impor
tanco, whilo nn Indifferent or an discreditable
participation bythogovcrnmentwouldbe humil
iating to tho patrlotlo feelings of our people
themselves. 1 commend tho estimate of tlio
board for tlio necessary additional appropriations
I transmit herewith tho report of the coram Is
sloner of agriculture, together with the reports
ot'tho commissioners of tlio board of audits, and
tho board of health of tho District of Columbia,
toiall of which 1 Invito your nttontlou. Tho
bureau of agriculture has accomplished much lu
disseminating useful knowledge to tho agri
culturist and also in introducing new and
useful productions: adapted to oursollandcllmato
aud is worthy of the continued encouragement
of tho government.
Tho report of tho commissioner of education
which accompanies tho report of tho secretary
ot'tho Interior, shows a gratifying progress In
educational matters. In nearly eVery
annual messago that I havo had tho
honor of transmitting to congress I havo called
attention to tho anomalous, not to say
scandalous condition of affairs existing in the
territory of Utah. 1 havo asked lor definite leg
islation to correct It. That polygamy should ex.
1st in an enlightened and Christian country,
without tho power to punish so flagrant n crime
against decency nnd morality, seems preposter
ous, T'licro is no law tn sustain this unnatural
vice, but what hi needed Isa law to punish Has
a crlinonud at the same tlmoto tlx tho the status
of tho innocent children, tlio offspring
of tho system, and of tlicl possible
Innocent, plural wives; but ns an Institution
wlygamv should bo banished from tho land.
While tills Is being dono I Invito the attention of
congress to another, though perhaps, no less nil
evil. Tho Importation of Chinese women, but
few of whom nro brought to our shor.es to pur
sue honorable or useful occupations.
Observations while visiting tho territories of
Wyoming, Utah and Colorado during the past
autumn convinced mo that existing laws
regulating tho disposition of public
lands. timber, eto., nnd probably
thomlnlng laws thcmselvcsarevcrydcrecilvo,
and should bo .carefully nmended, and at an
early day.
Jn territories where cultivation of tho toll can
only bo followed by Irrigation, and whero lrrU
gallon Is not practicable, tho lands can only bo
used ns pasturnge.'nnd this only whero stock can
reach water to quench Its thirst, cannot be gov
erned by the same laws as to entries as lands
overv aero of which Is an Independent estate by
itself.
Lands must bo held In larger Quantities to Jus
tify iixpcnse oi' conducting water uponlt to make It
fruitful or tu justify utilizing It as pasturage
The limber In most of (ho territories is princl.
pally confined to the mountain regions, which
uio held for entry in small quantities
only, and as mineral lands. Tlio
tlmtitr Is tho property of tho United States, for
tho disposal of which there l3iiow no adequate
law, Tho settler mustbecoino a consumer of
this timber, whether ho lives upon the plains or
engages lu working tho mines, llencoovery man
becomes cither a tresspasser hlmselt or knowing
ly a patron of tresspassers. Bly opportunity for
observation was not sufficient to Jutill'ymo In le
eommcudlng spcclfio legislation on these sub
Jccts,but 1 do recommend that a joint committee
of tho two houses of congress Biifliciently largo to
of all mining states and territories during
the coming summer, and that tlio commltteu
shnll rciiort to congress at tho net session such
laws or amendments to laws as it may deem
necessary to sectiro tho best Interests ot'tlio gov
ernment and tho peoploot' theso territories who
nro doing so much for tliolr development. I am
sum tho citizens ocecupyliig tho territory de
scribed do not wish to he trespassers,
nor will they bt If legal ways aro pro
vided! for them lo beconul owners ot' theso
actual necessities cr their position.
As this will bo Uio last annual message which I
shall havo tlio honor ol" transmitting tu congress
beforo my successor Is chosen I will repeat or re
capitulate tho questions which 1 deem of vital
Impoitatico which should bo legislated upon and
settled at this session':.
First. That tho states shall bo rcnnlrod toxif-
ford tho opportunity of a good school cducatihii
to every cliild within their limits. J
Second. io sectarian tenet shall ever bo taughtN
in nuyecnooi supported in wnoio or in past uy
tho state, nation, or by tlio piocccds of any tax
levlcdiipou any community.) Make education
compulsory so tar as to deprive nil liersous w ho
cannot read and write, from becoming voters
after tho year 1890, disfranchising none, how
ever, on grounds of Illiteracy, whumaybovo.
tern at tho thno this amendment takes effect.
Third. Declare church aud stato forever
separate aud distinct, but each l'rca within Its
proper sphere, alid that all church property
shall bear its own proportion of taxation.
Fourth. Drive out licensed Immoralitr. such
as polygamy and the ImiKrtatlon or women for i
Illegitimate purposes. To recur again to tbeL
centennial year, it wouiu seem as tuougu nor
wo nro to begin tho second centennial of uulloiu;
experience would bo a most titling time for tlia'.u
reforms. 1
Filth. Enact such laws as will Insure a cpaidy
return to a sound currency, such us vill I jm
niand tho respect of thoworld. llellevius 'that
theso views will commond themselves to tho
great majority of tho right-thinking andVatrl.
otlo citizens of tho United States, 1 subnet tho
rest tu congress. U. S. (Jiiant.
FxtOL-Tivi; Mansion, Dec. 7, 1S7S.
THE IJABCOOK INQUKST.
Wasihkgto.y, Dec. 7. Gen. Babcoi
left this city to-day for Chicago to ane
before the court of luqulry just detailed
lnvestlcate the cliarccs made, against lilf
Up to a lata hour this afternoou no lufoj-.
niatlon had been received at tho department
of Justice of an Indictment having beeSi
found aaalnst General Uabcock. and for that
reason Attorney General Ticrrepont wrk
satisiicct iiiac no sitcli action iiaa ucen i.iKen
lay tho grand jury,
FORTY-FOURTH CONGRESS.
SENATE.
WASiiiNOToy. Doc. 7. Tho scrialo was
called to order 'at twolvo o'clock. After
prayer by tho chaplain and tho reading of
tho journal of yesterday's proceedings
Mr. Eaton, of Connecticut, sent to the
clerk's desk and had road tho credentials of
James E. English, appointed United States
senator from tho stato of Connecticut, in
'place of O. S. Ferry, deceased.
Mr. lsnglisli was escorted to mo uesu uy
Ids colleague, and tho oath of ofllco was ad
ministered by Mr. Ferry, president pro torn.
Mr. Adams, clcik of the house of repre
sentatives, appeared at tho bar of tho sen
ato with a messago announcing tho organi
zation of Clio houso ami tho appointment of
a commlUcu tn, join tho committee of tho
senato to wait upon the President of tho
United States.
Tho republican senators to-day held a
brief caucus meetiiis, at which thoy ap
pointed a comraitlco of fivo to report to
morrow for adoption by caucus a list of
members of iho standing committees of the
senate. 1
The dcmociutic scnalois also appointed a
committco to conifer with tlio republicans.
on tlio samo suhpect.
Thero will be'nio ehanses of Importance.
In tho membersldp of tho committees as
constituted for the last session. JXo oilier
business was brought beforo either caucus
1IOUSB OF JiEI'llESENTATIVES.
Mr. Blaine, of Maine, rlsinc to a per.
sonal explanation, said that in the debate
of yesterday on the Louisiana questloca ho
had expressed the hope that the other sldo
of tho houso would not, in an incidental
way, attempt to reopen and dishonor Uio
agreement mado lass. year.
Some persons lu.d imagined that the
word "dishonor" had been used by him
with some tiesiro U imputo it to the gentle
man fiom Mississfippi (Lamar) as a per
sonal all'ront. Ho bad used it only in the
senso of nullifying and disregarding, aud
not with tho lenio'jest idea of offering an
alfiont to that gcnUenian.
Ho (Lamar) knotv that If their relations
wcro not intimato they had been nothing
clso than entirely cordial at all times, aud
that it must no mo. lannest lrom nis design
at ativ tlmo to say anythlnr; to him wouud-
ing or otherwise disagrecablo to his feel
ings.
Tho reading of tho messago occupied
two hours and live minutes. At first it was
listened to with considerable interest aud
attention, but after tho clcik had got past
thoso portions of it relating to education,
church property and Cuba, attention began
to Hag, montbera gradually loft their seats,
retiring to tho cloak rooms or standing in
tho aisles engaged in conversation with
each other, so that during tho readlnc of tlio
latter half of the message them were prob
ably not lorty members in their seats
and but few of thoso paying the slightest
attention to it. in iact wcro it not tuattne
tones of tho clerk's volco wcro heard above
all tho din on the floor, it might havo been
supposed that the houso was Indulging In a
recess. Tho message was ordered to be
printed.
Mr. Cox, of Now York, piesented the pe
tition of W. H. Prescott and others, of
South Carolina, wltn reierenco to the right
of representation of the Third congressional
district of South Carolina, and moved that
it be referred to tho committee on elec
tions. Ho said that tho question raised by Iho
memorial was not so much that of a repre-i
sciitativo as it was that of representation.
Tho petition was so referred.
The houso then at half past four ad
journed till Friday.
LATE FOREIGN NEWS.
London, December 77.30 v. if. The
Deutscbland is now on tho Long Sands,still
further toward the Essex shora of England
than tlio Kentish Knock. Two tugs and a
llfo boat havo proceeded to tho scene of the
dlsustcr
London, Dee. 77 r. m, The Kentish
and Knock sands, on which the steamship
Deulschlaud wcntashore,aiv situated a few
miles oir tho mouth of tho Thames.
TUB COr.I.IBHV DISASTEII.
London, Dec. 7. The woik of lecovcr
Ing the bodies from tho Swathcuiain col
liery Is still progressing. Thu number of
fatalities is now put at 130. Tho ontiio
district Is still greatly excited, as It will bo
somo days beforo the number of the dead
can bo exactly ascertained, tho fall of a
portion of tho mine having occurred which
obstructs the work of the explorers.
STE.VMKU D1SAI1LED.
Advices have been received hero to the
ellect that tho steamship Anglla, Captain
Smith, of the Auchor line, from New Voik
Wovcmucr lu, lor uiasgow, nas iccentiy
been seen with loss of propeller, proceed-
ing tinder sail. Two tugs have becu dis
p.ttthed to her assistance.
Jf TUB CATHOLIC l'liOSCllll'TlON.
1 lie Vail Mall Gazette Ibis afternoou has
a4pccial telegram from JJcrlln, which says
tfin Prussian eovcrnment has formally sum-
uouedlhe Aichblshon of Cologne to ro-
sign. Tills Is a preliminary io legal pro
ceedings to deposo him.
SPAIN.
Madiiid, Dec. 0 The weather is very
cold in the north of Spain and some of tho
soldiers havo frozen to death. Tho report
that General Trlstaug has re-entered Cata
lonia aud issued a pioclamation, is denied
to-day,
CHINA.
Hono Kono, Nov. 30. Placards censur
ing tlio arrangements made by tho Chinese
governments with Mr. Wade, tho British
minister, havo been posted In Pekln, they
were, however, Immediately removed by the
authorities. Tho natlvo oillclals are uneasy
in regard to tho recent negotiations. Lato
Information ilnpllcatlug the Mmnein au
thorities in tho murder of Mr. Margary has
been received.
London, Dec 7. A private telegram
from Pek In aays, the arrangemcuts for send
ing Chlneso legations abroad aro proceed
ing. Ministers havo been appointed to tho
United States, PenTaud Jspan.
i TWEED'S ESCAPE.
1 Nf;w Tonic, Dec. 7,-Thero Is no cluoto
Mini i-T". . . .
a niacin wijureauouts. Tho leport that
.Tvvccd was seen nt largo on Saturday morn
Hng was reiterated at police headquarters
Ho-day. on excellent authority. It is now
Isaid that tho prisoner was accompanied by
a man who appeared lo bo his keeper, and
ttliat ho was seen near his own houso at
Mlcven o clock a. m. Ho was' recognized,
gt is said, by moto than' ono persoVi, and tho
aufonnatlon that ho was thus observed was
circulated In a limited circlo on Saturday
evening beforo the news of his cscapo had
Wcomo public.
ONE MAN KILLED AND ANOTHER
CRAZED.
Lowell, Mass., Dec. 7.-Daulci'.r(5.
L Taylor, a constable, and F. G. Spalding'
suricu out lor a drlvo last evening. About
tkuo o'clock Spalding was foundi dead' by
uto roadside, two or three miles from Low-'
ell, and during tho night Taylor was 'found
hatlcss and wandering about tlio streets in
a bowildercd state. Ho Is still tmablo (o
glvo any account of tho alTalr, ,
BOWENBOLD AND BEECHKll'lJACKi
"WARD.
New Yoiik, Dec. 7 Tho case of Henry
C. Bowcn against tho Brooklyn Eagle and
Its editor, Thomas KInsolla, was .called in,
tho city court at Brooklyn to-day, but tho
counsel for tho defenso were not ready to
i i. u. ib. uiouiuiqu nit, uiau
was set down for December 14.
SEVERE SENTENCE FOR LIBEL.
WiLKESiiAiHiE, Pa.,. Dec. 7. JMVV
Freeman, editor or the Pittstqn Comet, who
was convicted -of fibol upon J. B. Henri,"
was to-day sentenced to pay a fine of $50
and to undergo Imprisonment for 'seven
months In tho county jail.
i
NEWSPAPER CHANGE., '.
Baltimojik, Dec. 7 Tho controlling
Interest in life Baltimore Gazette has been
sold to William H. Welsh, esq., 6f this city,
who to-day assumed exclusive management
and control of tho paper.
A'NOTHER SMITH FOR THE INDIANS
Washington, Dec 7. Mr. John' Q.
Smith. PX.nipmhpp nf mnitm, fmm nl.!.."-
' - - - - v gib-. .IVIU WUIUJ
was to-day appointed commissioner of Iti-
illnn ..0'nl.
' ' '
MUNICIPAL ELECTION AT.LOUlSf
VlLLE.
Louisville, Ky.,Dec. 7. The election
for mayor and city oflicials occurred lo-dav.
resulting in tho re-election of Charles 'Ja
cobs for mayor. The contest over the may
oralty has been very exciting, and tioublo
w.m fparnri. lint Mm nmniMi ii.a
"J - - --.w I'.buuvA, " . uia otau,
militia and fiOO special police probably'had
iuu tniuci. ui maintaining peace and quiot,
Jacobs' majority Is about 000.
TELEGRAPHIC SUMMMty.
.w Vnmr. Tif 1 st,nl Tl n..i
has been appointed lecelverof tho Third
nvcuue uaiin, wuicn recently laiieti.
WARHtVflTnv. flpp 7 A lalamn. t
ww- ,. . i.ivimii ,u
Snnatne Slinri-i.nn frnin Parrlltint,., ll.l
- -.WM. VM.Ut.Jgl.w-U, UUJV
announces tlio death at that place oj Mr.
i. m. neese, laminany isnown m Wash
ington as clerk to the senato commlltea on
iiumiwi-.
New Yoiik, Dec 7. Tho New York
chapter of tho American Institute of ArchU
tects to-day appointed tho" following gentle
menasacommlttcooutho proper presen
tation of the work of members at the' ccn-
LwUiuai UAUiuiiiuu. iucurs, Xllllll, JJlOOr,
Litteil, Hally. Lebrun and Halght.
xTew Yokk, December 7, This after. -
noon Leonard Buell, captain of the schooner
Silas Bralncrd, lying at- Wallabout basin,
iirooKiyn, was snot ueati ny uio slivard,
Charles Peterson. Petcisou was1 nneslcd
and when taken to the station .houso -claimed
that tho shooting was accidental.
GEXKRAL NEWS SUMMARY.
At a lato moctln" of tho Tammanv so
ciety It was resolved that a commitlZi, of
llvu should bo appointed by tlm grand
irtnlmiti . ft ,villl,li llin a.tvtcttt It I . 'F
uuw.'y... . " tuw .... . l.IIIJ ,
amending thu constitution so ns to provide
that tlicro should bo no longer any secrecy.
in uio procCwUings oi inn society.
Tho Princeton students lately nxnelled
havo received permission to return to tho
college, on condition that they give up their
membership In secret societies.
Susan Denln, the actress, died .at BluiT-
ton, Indiana, on Saturday from the elects -
of a fall on tho stage whilo playing "Leah,"
She was bom in Philadelphia, March 22, ,
1833, ami mado her lirst appearance on tbu
staso as 'Holla's Child" in 'l,Jzarro,".a.id
afterwards, In conjunction with her sister
Kale, who was two years her Junior, ap.
pcarcd in dancing pails: In which she be
came well known, lu 1KS1 iho slsteis who.
were constantly together, made a starring'
tour through the wett aud California. Tho
singujar history of the elder gave Ihcm
some notoriety. She was four times .mar
ried, her first husband beiue John Wlnani;
Iho comedian, to whom sho was united at
tho tender age or nine years. Miss Dculn's
whole Hie was passed behind the footlights,
and her death resulted from an accident lu
the practice of her profession.
The crand Jury at St. Louis still havo the
evldenco against General Babcock under '
consideration.
Tho larcest number of sales ever mado
at ono time by tho sheriff nf Philadelphia
took place on Monday, Thcro wero be
tween 400 and 600 properties disposed of;
Barney M'Quadc, a convicted Bait I moro
pension claim forger, who jumped his bail;
was captured on Sunday near Pittsburgh
and taken to Baltimore for sentence.
Henry Mussclman, eso., one of the best'
known and most successful iron roanufac-'
turexs In Lancaster county, died at his rest-
uence, Marietta, uecemoero, lu .uto -77th
ri 1 - ' T- t..i 1 1 1 :
3 U , Mid, U WVVU UUI 1U1
time, and his death was not unexpected, "