of popular suffrage by degrading It, and making
it Improotioable—for Its foundation is the intelli
gence of the voters. The authors of this scheme
do not want a government founded upon the In
telligence of the people. They want a govern
ment founded on force, and propped up by bayo
nets. They want a government which, if it fail
to elevate the negro, will at least drag the white
man dawn to his level. Every effort has been
made to draw from President Johnson a procla
mation as unconstitutional, as impolitio, and as
revolutionary as that which I have, by way of
illustration, ascribed to one of his predecessors.
He has resisted the demand. lam not hero to be
his eulogist, but let us recognize that since he
was suddenly called to his high funotions by the
lamentable fall of Mr. Lincoln, his course has
given encouragement to all who hope and pray,
and strive for the maintenance of . the Constitu
tion of our country. One speech be made lately
which merits your applause. I can repeat to you
every word of it. A large body of politicians as
sembled at Washington to try upon him the ef
fent of what was known in Mr. Lincoln's time as
"a pressure." They had determined to extort
from President Johnson a proclamation in favor
of negro suffrage. Mingling threats with persua
sion they told him, at last, that they world
crush any man or any party who stood In their
way. When they bad finished their speeches,
the President .made a reply so sip:Meant and
so appropriate that I think you will join ma in
applauding every word of it. He said to them :
"Cientlemen,.l wish you all a good morning."—
That was all he said, and they went on their way,
by no means rejoicing. I give you this anec
dote as I find it in the newspapers ; but many
official acts Chow that President Johnson has
not joined hands with the men who are seeking
tomitnblish a different, a very different govern
ment from that which the men of the Revolution
banded down to re. The cry of this party is
'down with the scourged doctrine of State rights.'
They aim as directly at the overthrow of the
Conitittition as the rebels did, before they laid
down their arms. Many no doubt have joineOn
the cry who do not comprehend its meaning.—
Many•who,talk of "accursed State rights" mean
only to oursitomession. They may do that and
weleame.' Thltidootrinb has never found any fa
vor in stir sight. No body of men have testi
fied against it more emphatically than the De..
mdciaorof - Permaylvenia. r Every .platform fain
down • by their authority has denounced it.—
Every candidate seeking their suffrages has de
nounced it. To quell it was the first and highest
aim of the Democrats who swelled the ranks of
our regiments. The same may be aaid of the
great mass of the Northern Democracy. Their
latent act was to nominate for the Presi
dency George B. M'Ciellan, the earliest hero of
the war; he, like all its latter heroes who have
won true renown, struck for the Union, and gave
It the first place In his heart, even above 'Aboli
tion. Secession was the doctrine of the Southern
leaders; it has fallen with them; it is dead, kill
ed, slain by the sword. The great mass of the
Southern people regard it now as "the bloodiest
blunder in the book of time." But let us never
consent to bury In its grave the constitutional
rights of Pennsylvania, or of any other State in
the Union. Strike them down,_and the whole
beauty and fitness of our Government is gone.—
It no more be the same Government than
the British Government would be the same if you
could strike out its Parliament, and leave the
United Kingdom to be governed by the arbitra
ry will of the mon, woman, or child who may
chance to fill the. throne.
The ocustitutlonal rights of the States are the
only sure defences of civil liberty . It wee left
under their shelter by the framers of the Consti
tution; even Alexander Hamilton, who wee the
mast Indulgent to Nedoral power, lays it down
as en axiom In our political system that "the
State government/ will afford complete security
against invasions of public liberty by the Na
tional authority."
One of the great °harps which the Dee larat ion
of Independence brought against George 111,
was, "he has affected to render the military in
dependent of and superior to the civil power."—
This pretension revived in our day, and reach
lag even to the total suppression of the civil
power, in all its relations to civil liberty, is the
great political heresy that has prevailed at the
North at seoeSsion prevailed at the South, both
deserves the signal condemnation of the people.
The absolute sway exercised by officials in the
Northern States was, in nearly every instance,
mere wanton, useless, Irritating usurpation of
funotions that the Oonstitution and the /ails
bare wisely vested in the olvil tribunals of our
country. Do not charge it upon . Congress; no
not of Congress ever authorized a military court
to try a °Him not oonneoted with the military
Service. Every act passed during this war care
fully sent all such cues to the civil courts.—
Even the Conscription act provided that those
soused of resisting it, if arrested by the military
should be "forthwith delivered over to the civ il
" ri I. Yet •e = i Pa
n open con empt o t• e
law, imprisoned in the guard house at Camp
Curtin, tried, and sentenced by "military cow.
missions." Do not charge on the military pow
er the.base acts done in its name, The military
power of oar reentry has its sphere, and It has
filled it grandly; it needs no triumph over the
civil institutions of our country. The great sol
diers of the war are soiled with no complicity in
the acts of petty despotism done by Secretaries
of War, and politicians in civil office. You men
of Harrisburg have seen the guard house of the
neighboring camp tenanted, not by disorderly
soldiers or Rebel prisoners:, but by editors, and
farmers, and men in every walk of life, robbed
of their civil rights and subjected to the "lynch
law" that is administered by military commis
:lloW. For all this there could be urged no plea
of "military necessity" snob as may leave a com
mander in the field of war no limit but his own
will In the exertion of his power. The plea of
"military necessity" could not, with truth or
decency, be urged in Pennsylvania, where no
civil court was closed by armed rebellion, nor
by due course of law obstructed, save by those
who made that plea the pretext for their acts.—
These acts were done (rem no "necessity," civil
or military. They were prompted by that bad
principle in human nature which the laws and
oonstitutions of free governments are meant to
curb. Shaltspeare describes it when he says :
"Men, proud man
Neat In a little brief authority
Plays au& (autistic tricks before high heaven
As makes the anode weep."
Your highest interests and the interests of your
children demand that these sets shall not pass
unoondemned, to be treated hereafter as prece•
dents. The highest duty, now, of the People of
this Commonwealth is to vindicate the majesty
of the law. To vindicate it at the ballot-box
and In the courts of justice, so that never again
upon the soil of Pennsylvania her citizens shall
be wantonly stripped of the right that are their
birthright by titles older than the Constitution,
older than the Declaration of Independence.
The great founder of our Commonwealth, Wil
liam Peon, in hie first frame of government for
Pennsyliania proclaimed this great truth :
"A government is free where the laws rule,
and the people are a party to those laws,and
more than this is tyranny, oligarchy an eon.
fusion."
It wee no tyranny, but the rule of law that
he established here; and "trial by jury" was
provided for so amply that our later Constitutions
have found only this to say : "trial by jury ehall
be as heretofore, and the right thereof remain
inviolate." To this the Constitution of the
United States has added : "In all criminal pros
el:lotions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a
speedy and pubild trial, by an impartial jury of
the State and district wherein the crime shall
have been committed, which district shall have
previously been ascertained by law ; and
to be informed of the nature of the cause of the
aoettlatlon ; to be confronted with the witnesses
against him ; to have compulsory process for ob
taining witnesses in his favor and to have the
assistance of counsel for his defence." How
Ebbs Was speoially added to the Constitution, by
amendment, upon the en:mimeo demand of the
people, is a feet too well known to you for me to
dwell upon it, You may net be so familiar with
the them that taught the founder of Pennsylva
nia the value of "trial by jury." I will relate
them briefly; they will not seem inappropriate
to the day dedicated to civil liberty. Nearly two
hundred years ago, William Penn was tried in
the Mayor's Court of London, on a charge of
"riot.' You may,smile to bear that the riot
consisted in holding a Quaker meeting. The
trial was one of, the it:vat:lone of the rights of
coalmines to whiob men were exposed, who, in
that day, did not follow the form of worship of
the (Aiwa of England,
The Mayor and the Reeorder and the Alder
man of London sat as judges, and twelve sturdy
freemen of London were the jury. When Wil.
llam Penn wee called upon to plead he said t "I
desire that you would let me know by whet law
it is you prosecuted me, and upon what lawyou
ground my indictment." They had no law to
show, so they tried to silenoe the prisoner. The
Recorder cried out to the Mayor "My Lnrd, if
you take not some course with this pestilent fel
low to atop big mouth, we shall not , be able to
do anything to.eight." "Take him away l"
"take him 'away, turn film into the Bale - dock."
To which the undismayed Quaker answered ! "Is
this justice, or True judgment . Must thew
fore, be, taken away because I plead for the fun
damental laws of England ? However, this I
leave upon your consalenees, who are, the jury,
and my sole judges, that if these ancient funda
mental laws which relate to liberty and property
must not be indispensably maintained and ob.
served, who can say he bath a right to the coat
on hie back? Certainly, our liberties are open
ly to be invaded; our wives to be ravished ; our
children slaved ; our families ruined; and our
estates led away in triumph by every sturdy
beggar and malicious informer. The Lord of
heaven and earth will judge between UP in this
matter."
But they thrust him into the dock and gave
his case to the jury. Now mark the sequel.—
The
unjust judges were willing enough to say
that a Quaker meeting was a riot, but they could
not bring an honest jury to say it. They would
not convict the prisoner, Then the Court storm
ed at the jury and threatened them with fine and
imprisonment. At this William Penn cried eut
from the dock, "It is intolerable that my jury
should be thus menaced. Is this according to
the fundamental law? Are they not my proper
judges by the great charter of England ?" Then
the Recorder broke in again, "My Lord, you
must take a course with that same fellow."—
"Jailor" cries the Lord Mayor, "bring fetters
and stake him to the ground." "Do your pleas
ure," said Penn, "I matter not your fetters."—
Then the Recorder spoke these words,—mark
them, for they are the creed of him and all like
him, and there are many like him alive this day.
The Recorder said, "Till now, I never under
stood the reason of the policy and prudence of
the Spaniards in suffering the Inquisition among
them ; and. certainly it never will be well with
us, till something like the Spanish Inquisition
be in England. •
Bat the sturdy English jury were no Span
ish Inquisition, and they stuck to their verdict
of "not guilty."
Stich is "trial by jury," dear to the heart of
every freeman. The worshippers of arbitrary
power hate it ; they prefer the Spanish Inquisi
tion or "the something like it," a military com
mission. .
Let the people whom* William Penn planted
on this soil say which snits them best. sir they
have not degenerated, they will declare for "civ
il liberty," as their forefathers did upon the 4th
of July, 1776 ' • for which we are here to-day to
honor them.. And now, fellow-oltizegs, ia cele
brating this day, let Pennsylvanians not forget its
latter illustration, from the great fight which to
us, timely, was the greatest of the war. Two
years ago. the.rebelwrmy, flachtld with v kitory
at Fredericksburg and at Chaucelloreville was
marching. to the invasion of 'the North. You
have not forgotten it here, for it bad almost
reached your doors. But it met at Gettysburg,
fair open fight, the gallant Army of the Poto
mac, under Pennsylvania's soldier—second to
none—the gallant Meade, and after three days of
desperate battle, the rebel host was driven, baf.
fled and beaten, back across the Potomac. Let
us recall this today, and on every succeeding
anniversary when Pennsylvanians meet to hon
or patriotism and valor. In the time that I may
appropriately occupy, I cannot rehearse the oth
er great achievements of the war. In many of
them the gallant soldiers here to-day
have played a glorious part ; in the armies of the
Union,
the sons of Pennsylvania were never.ser
passed in numbers or in valor: Let them take
care as citizens, not to lose the fruits of their vic
tory. They fought for the old Union of free
States as their forefathers founded it ; and that.
is the Union they wish to reestablish and per
petuate,
Fellow citizens of Harrisburg, I have spoken
of the past; I will not assume to speak of the
future. The failure of so many predictions—
predictions that the war would last but sixty
days—predictions that it would last as many
years—teach us how futile are the the attempts
f man to penetrate the future. But always he
may look forward to it with manly hope and
Christian confidence for himself and for his coun
try. The times afford us many auguries of good.
Difficulties that seemed insufferable aro being
easily surmounted by the intelligence of the
American people. The South is recognizing a
gain her duties to a common country. and the
North willrecognize the rights that .belong un
der the Constitution to all who seek its shelter.
A broad spirit of tolerance is taking the place of
the narrow spirit of sectional bigotry which was
the first Bourne of our troubles, We may see
again a united country, nut unchequered by dif- --
ference of interests and feelings; small must be •
the territory, or small the intelligence of the pee
ple, where no such difference exists ; but we may
yet see the whole land ruled by a Constieuion
that was framed—and admirably framed—to
accommodate all the differences that spring from
the spirit of liberty.
HOW THE CONFIDENCE GAME WAS PLAY
ED ON THE CONFEDERATE GOVERN
MENT.
(From the St. Louie RepuhliFr.)
Many of
_our citizens remember
here in business with John M. `Wi
iner, and who set himself up as a
gentteman of prominence and distinc 7
tion. Courtenay disappeared after
the war broke out, leaving, behind
him not a few creditors. Turning up
in the Southern Confederacy,, he at
once devoted his mind and physical
energies to the recovery of his
"rights." It seems he had somehow
got hold of a new explosive material
resembling common coal, with which
ho proposed, with the proper assist
ance; to do great things in the way
of desolating the North. He obtain
ed an interview with the Richmond
authorities, to whom he explained
his scheme and who entertained his
plan with much consideration.—
What .he wanted was to have charge
of a special bureau with 250 men of
his own picking, under his -exclusive
orders, his 'passes to be recognized at
all times and places in the Cenfeder
ate lines. With this corps, he was to
penetrate the North, destr©y Federal
shipping, burn United States depots
and warehouses, and in short, "parry
the war into Africa" to an extent be
fore.undreamed of. After some de
lay, Courtenay succeeded in getting
orders for the organization Of his bu
rean of secret service. Now, at the
time we speak of the rebel. conscrip
tion was general - and - unrelenting,
and small chance was offered for any
to escape, albeit there were thousands
willing to pay almost any sum for
exemption, Here was Courtenay's
"lay." He opened his office and
went to work to pick. out his men.—
They wero not difficult to find. The
situation ho desired to have filled
were sought for by wealthy Wades
men and °theta who wanted to get
out of the country, and who were
willing to give from $l,OOO to- 85,000
in gold or greenbacks for the oppor
tunity. Courtenay's passes through
the lines could not be questioned.
Of course the corps of 250 was soon
filled up. -
One morning Mr. Courtenay closed
his office and started, it .was suppos
ed, northward, to superintend the
grand conflagration. • He must have
missed the connections,- however; as
the last heard of hint was in Europe,
but ho was not there engaged in. the
coal trade.
la. A Singular incident took
place at the residence of Joseph Hart
who lives in •Backs county, last Sat
urday. He had a cage with several
canary birds in it hanging against
his house, about six feet from the
ground. •On going ont,. one of his
children noticed a snake, 'about two
feet long and as thick as a man's
thumb, which had climbed up the
wall, about creeping into the cage to
get the birds. He caught him hy
the tail and pulled him out and killed
him. The wall is an ordinary dashed
one, and the cage was suspended on
the side to a nail, free from contact
with uuything,44se
: that could have
aided the gnalco tp,get up. it must
have °limbed uf the plant) surface - of
„
the wall.—Doy Doy lestown Demoorat,
thc ahlitctifa+
WREN DEINOCRATIO PRINCIPLES CEASE TO LEAD, WE OSABR
TO FOLLOW."
WM. M. BRESLIN, Editor and Proprietor
LEBANON, PA.
'WEDNESDAY, JULY 12, 1865
(Kr The Republicans have a great
deal of trouble just now with Presi
dent Johnson and General Sherman
to keep them in the traces. The de
fection of the latter threatens to
"wipe them out" in Ohio, and that
of the former in the "rest of man
kind." They bring a :great deal of
"pressure" to bear upon each; but so
far both have successfully borne it.—
Johnson iirresident and Sherman
will be Governor of. Ohio.
We publish in another column
the Oration of Col. Charles X. Biddle,
of Philadelphia, before the Democrat
ic Celebration, at Harrisburg, on the
4th of July_ ,:sb 0 9 3 --b,e---read -- by
every one.
K' A conflict Of authority between
the civil and military powers occurr
ed in Philadelphia last week. The
latter had to yield to the former, thus
showing that the Habeas Corpus is
again in force. The military authori
ties arrested a Mr. Cozens and con
fined him. A writ of Habeas Corpus
was issued byJudgeThorupson, which
was resisted by Col. Prink, who was
then cited for contempt of Court.—
He also resisted his arrest, but the
next morning voluntarily appeared
in Court and made return to• the
writ. After argum en t, Justice T'homp
son cited Col. Prink before him, and
"after stating that his. return to the
attachment showed that be had no
design to treat the Court with con
tempt, but was merely mistaken in
his view of what was hisduty, impos
ed a fine of $lO and the costs of the
attachment.
The Judge then disposed of the
case on the main question. He held
that the act of Congressof March 3d,
1863, authorizing the suspension of
the act of habeas corpus, limited the
exercise of the pOwer, to thecon tine
acme of the rebellion. With the close
of the rebellion, the suspension of the
writ is at an end.
The.current history of the times
shows that the.robellion is at an end.
There is no Confederate army in the
field ; our own army is being disband
ed, and therefore, the citizens are en
titled to all - the privileges guaranteed
by the writ of habeas eorßus. He
therefore ordered Mr. Cozens to be
ge ompson avoi lei a decla
ration that the suspension of the writ
of habeas corpus was unconstitutional
by saying that its suspension was on
ly operative during the• war. The
Judgests.decision is, therefore, the on
ly authoritative intimation that the
war has terminated.
Oz The war was professedly car
vied on to "enforce the laws, reclaim
the public property, and preserve the
Constitution, and put down the re
bellion!' The hundreds of thousands
of soldiers that enlisted,- done so for
that purpose, and if the abolition of
slavery was also 'a consequence of
their e,fforts, they are satisfied. But
many of them object that the negro
thus liberated should now also be
made voters with them. This they
think is piling . it on a little too thick.
They are satisfied to have freed the
negrees, and think that the latter, as
well as their friends, might also be
satisfied.
THE ATLANTIC,. CABLE..—The great
work of relaying the Atlantic ()able
has probably already commenced, as
the Great _Eastern, with her convoys,
Write advertiaed. to sail from 'the coast
of Ireland for. thiS purpose last week.
fler President'Jolinson has a sorry
tirea.of it between the applicants for
pardon from the .Sonth,And -the ap
plicants.for,office from the North.—
Ile is nearly bored to death by the
two elements.
Last week the helm and barns of
Mr; Sargent, of 73i11, N. H., were eon
shMed by lightning. Just previous
ly 'a flash had gone dawn the chin].
•no,f, fn . one of the rooms, and !cheek
ed•dciWif one of the daughters of Mr.
Sargent. At tho samo hoar, another
flash 'WentdOWn the chimney in a
house in g the' adjoining toWn, where
Mr. ,
Sargdnt find Wife were paying a_
crisit.'and knocked them down, doing
no injury to . any other person-.
fitF'The Boston Courier says : “A.
friend showed us this morning a hard
•of gold :and silver coin which he'
:has carried in his- pocket ever since
1861. `lle thinks they will soon be
good. again."
&.r A strong military force has
been sent against the hostile Indians
in the Northwest.
air The Richmond Republic has
an estimate of the losses experienc
ed by the - South in consequence of
the rebellian, which sums up $5,800
000,000.
Ileir A tailor near Edinburg - who
had a pig which got ono of its legs
broken, has replaced the injured limb
with a wooden one., It is curious to
see the animal hobbling about, but it
is thriving as welLas it did before the
accident.
OtL- SOLDIERS READ.-At Farming
ton, Massachusetts, the Republicans
celebrated the 4th of July, in a style
of their own. Wendall Phillips was
one of the orators, and, among other
thing said :
"The negro bears the palm in virtue, gallon.
try and patriotism in this war. In every section
ha has stood by our side and never quailed. It
is him we ask protection for, and his protection
is the white man's safety. I grow sick of any
game where the counters are living men. One
third of our standing army is to be of ihe negro
race."
This is putting the negro above the
white soldier in virtue, gallantry and
patriotism. Phillips also advised the
Republican party to organize ithme
diately against President Johnson ;
because he ref Uses to go in for negro
voting, and said—" Let us move im
mediately upon his works."
A negro orator was also at the Same
meeting, who said that if the ne g roes
were denied the privilege of voting,
two hundred thousand black soldiers
would give some trouble, and hoped
that . if the government fails to pro
tect the black man we shall have the
blood and massacres of St. Domingo
over again. lie himself would go
doWn South, and help them inthe
work. These sentiments were voci
ferously applauded by the Repabli
-can—amdreildo. .44L
TERRIBLE TORNA.DOM,
The La Crosse Democrat gives thrill
ing account of the destruction of life
and property by a tornado which
swept over the Village . of Viroqua,
Vernon county, and for a distance of
fourteen miles, on the 28th ult. Al
most the entire village was destroy.
od, seventeen persons were killed,
and about one hundred and fifty per
sons left wounded and entirely desti
tute. The storm. came up about four
o'clock, without rain, thunder or light
ning, and lasted about two minutes.
One current came from the northeast
and another from the west, the two
meeting and forming a mighty whirl
wind half a milo west of the village.
Houses and barns ..ci - ere whirled into
the air and the heavy fragments car
ried for miles. Men women and chil
dren, horses, cows and other animals
were lifted up and carried to great
distances. The country for miles was
strewn with every imaginable debris
and the dead carcasses of animals and
fowls. - Dead hogs, sheep, -harness,
plows, furniture, timbers, &c., have
been_ deposited . high up in tree-tops.
A mill pond, six miles west of the
village, was emptied of water and - logs
by the_ wind—the : logs being whirled
over the country. Tire following ex
tract will illustrate the-.force of this
storm :
"Those who have not witnessed the scenes of
devastation can form no idea of the terrible pow
er okthe whirlwind.-'The round is torn as if
• i a •is once o orty rods.wettings were
raised to the -ground, and hurled rods away.—
Huge oak trees were twisted from stumps like
reeds. Timbers sixteen inches square and six
ty feet long were burled. through - the air as
though they wore feathers. The scene of deso
lation is beyond description. The ground over
which the whirlwind passed looks as ifEl mighty
stream of water bad carried iloodwood over it.—
Houses, mill:muses, trees, shrubs. fencei, etc,
were swept away as if God had in anger rubbed
His hand over the spot. Houses were lifted a
hundred feet into the air—horses Were-whisked
off like swallows—rocks were thrown clown like
dry bread. - -
THE PRESIDENT "STILL A DEMO
CRAT."—Judge Charles Masca;Chair
man of the National Democratic Res
ident Committee, Col. Thomas B.
Florence, publisher of the Constitu
tional Union and Chairman of the
above committee, and' Mr. Schade,
prominent lawyer of Washington,
had a very pleasant and satisfactory
'interview with President Johnson, on
Friday. His Excellency gave them
to understand that he was a - Demo
crat, had always been a Demonrat,
and . that he was IOC) old to change
his politics now, and that we have
"more to fear from consolidation than
secession-; that States have rights
that cannot be ignored under the
Constitution." This has' the -ring. of
the right'metal, and we hope it will
ring out loud and clear, until it ush
ers in the bright dawn of the day of
redemption of the Union from the
sad misrule of Sectionalism and fan
aticism, under which our glorious
land of liberty has been well nigh be
trayed into a gigantic' centralized
despotism.
ALL HONOR TO .'%7ITEAL-At least
ono hundred Mini4tbra representing
the German,
~.ya4olici.tikLi,theran
-Synod of Pennsylvania and adjacent
States, wore in session nearly a week
in St. John's Lutheran Church, in
Easton, transacting all their business
and adjourned without ever saying a
word about the negro or anything of
a political character. The Synod
confined itself to its legitimate duties
and separated with the kindest fbel
ings. It is refreshing to look upon
such a body of men..
(k!r . J. WILLIES BOOTEN OIL WELT.
FLOWING 500 BARRELS PER DAY.:—A
Correspondent of the Syracuse jour
nal; writes from Venangocounty,Pa.,
June 6th, as fellows
On Saturday, the sucker rods were drawn
from the Homestead (better known as the More
head) well, on the Heiner farm, and it is spout
ing away at two-forty rate, in rivalry, with its
mighty compeer' helots: They are to-day claim
ing fire hundred barrels per day as its 3 , ield.—
Th is well is owned by Joseph H. Biwa/ends, of
Boston, (now at Franklin, Pa.,) and his imme
diate family relations, Hence thename of 'Home
stead.' J. Wilkee Bdoth owned one.thirteenth
of this well and the,farm on which-it is located.
A short time before, the Washington Tragedy,
Booth transferred his in tercet to Mr. Sim monels, i in
consideration of personal services • rendered. to
him. This is the same well . which was destroy
ed by fire, with engine house, derrick and all,
which fact we mentioned in a precinct's comma
nierttlatt.—Singularly enough, this occurrence
took place on the day of the assaasination.
sm. It is said that Gov. Plerpont
intends abortly to resign, in order to
allow the people to elect a Governor
awarding to the constitutional forms.
THE RADICAL POLICY
important Letter from. Wendell Phillips
(From the Anti-Slavery Standard, July 6.)
To the Editor of the Standard :-
Let me call your attention and
that of the country to the danger
pointed out in the following extract
from the letter of an acute and vigi
lant friend :
"President Johnson is rapidly issuing procla•
mations for the reorganization of the rebel Slates.
The Governors appointed tire old politicians,
who know all the ropes. Is it not their design,
and" will they not be able, before next December,
to make all their new constitutions and elect
now governors and lull congressional delega
tiGns ? Then what is to prevent those States
from presenting themselves, fully accredited, on
the flour of the new Congress, and participating
in its organization. They will claim, as Presi
dent Johnson does, that their States have never
been out of the Union i that the government
declares (as it will) the rebellion suppressed
and military occupation withdrawn, and that
they now resume - their relations with the Feder
, al Government, which have been only tempora
rily suspended. In this claim they will be
backed by the whole, power or the administra
tion,and this is the trap to be-sprung on us.— '
The elerk of the House, you remember, presides
until a new speaker is elected. If be bad firm
-1313ES enough to refuse to receive the credentials
of these rebel members, and refuse to count their
votes, this danger might be averted. But can
weeount on 'so much virtue 'in :any ,politician ?
We may,perhaps.baffie this plan in the Senate.
Tbat -body -being always organized, no members
can be admitted without the concurrence of the
rest. But - how long would even the Senate
stand. up against the aotion of' the Hansa of Rep
resent:Wives - and enormous pressure of every
'other hied ?
"I believe that this attempt will be made at
dm next meeting of Congress: Possibly , South
Carolina might be kept out, but even that is
doubtful._ I -may exaggerate the 'importance of
'this - m utter ; t-flt Eth- attempt -wil/ be - -made
there can be no doubt."
The importance of these -sugges
' tions Cannot be over-eStimated,' and
every ine'ans should 'be taken 'to
avert this peril. We have been
counting on a possibility of rallying
a majority of the legally elected
members of Congress ,to keep the
members from the, rebel States out
of Congress, at least till they con
-seated to certain conditions—ratify
ing the anti-slavery amendment and
other matters. Some sanguine friends
believe they can be kept out: until
they agreed to give the negro the
right to vote. But, according to
- this rebel plot, the Southern mem
bers may enter Congress -without
agreeing to the • anti-slavery amend
ment, or to any otber conditions.—
Once inside the doors, 'they must
take part in,all the discussions and
votes affecting-themselves and their
claims, and may checkmate the anti
slavery amendment - itself. In fact,
our fate rests in the bands 'of the
clerk of the House of Representa
tives. I knotv nothing about him;
but how few men in the nation could
be trusted to stand firm in such a
post I The whole North .should be
roused against this danger. If the
rebel States, in their present mood,
can, in auy way, get inside Congress,
and wield eighty-four votes there,
and inicire especially if they can get
there unpledged to any conditions
-and wield thqse votes, then truly,-the
"South!" will be as strong as ever,
and the negro almost as defenceless.
Yours,
WENIALL PHILLIPS.
END;OF THE ASSASSINATION
THE PRISONERS ALL FOUND GUILTY.
The President Approves the Sentence,
and Ordars its Swift Execution !
Payne, Atzerodt, Herrold and
Mrs, Surratt Hung on Friday
NUDD, ARNOLD AND O'LAUGHLIN IDE
PRISONED FOR LIFE!
SPANGLER FOR SIX YEARS !
WASHINGTON', Thursday, July 6, 1865.
The findings and sentences of the
Military Commission before which
the assassination conspirators were
tried, with the President's approval
thereof, have just been made public,
in the following Official Orders :
WAR DEPARTMENT, ADJUTANT GEN'S. OFFICE.
WASHINGTON, July 5, 1865.
To Major General: - Winfield S. HannaCk, U. S
Volunteers, -Communing Middle .Military.Di
vision; Washington, H. C. . -
"Whereas, By the Military Conan:kis
sion appointed in paragraph 4, Spe
cial Orders, No. 211, dated War De
partment, Adjutant General's office,.
Washington, May 6, 1865, and of
which Major General David Hunter,
U. S. Volunteers, was President, the
following named persons were tried,
nnd, after mature consideration of
evidence adduced in their cases, were
found, and sentenced as hereinafter
stated, as follows :
[Hero follow the various specifica
tions, charges and' findings of the
Court, which may be summed up in
a few words
David R Herrold, George A. Atze
rod t, Lewis Pay n e and Mary h. r
ratt, are found guilty of conspiracy
with John Wilkes Booth, John H.
Surratt, and others, to murder Abra
ham Lincoln, Andrew Johnson. AYH
liamH.Sexvard and Ulysses S. Grant;
and sentenced as follows
SENTENCE.—And the Commission
does therofors sentence- them, the
said David E. Harrold, George A .At
kerodt., Lewis Payne, and Hary R
Surratt, to be hung by the neck un
til they be dead, — at - subb time and
place as the President of the United
States shall direct—two-thirds of the
Commission eoneurrinv b therein.
And Whereas, the Presid;nt of the
United States has approved the fore
goiog sentences in the following or
der,-to•wit
EXECUTIVE ISIANSIONi
July 5;1565.
The foregain_g sentences irr •the
cases of David E. Iterrold, G. A; At.
zerodt, Lewis Payne and Mary E.
Surratt, are hereby approved, and it
is ordered that the sentences in the
cases of David E. Eferrold, George A.
Atzerodt, Lewis Payne and Mary E.
Surratt be carried into execution by
the proper military authority, under
the direction of the Secretary of War,
on the-7th day ofJuly, 1865, between
the hours of 10 o'clock A. M., and 2
o'clock P, X., of that day,
(Signed) ANDREW JolrusoN,
President.
Therefore you are -hereby com
manded to cause the foregoing son•
tonces in tho cases of David E. Har
rold, G. A. Atzorott, Lewis Payne
and Mary E. Surratt, to be duly exe•
eutedin accordance with the Presi-
dent's order.
.By command of the President of
the United States. -
B. D. TOWNSEND, Asst. Adjt. Gen.
In the remaining casesof O'Laugh
lin, Spangler, Arnold and _Rudd, the
findings and sentences are as follows:
MICHAEL O'LAUGHLIN, found guil
ty of conspiring to assassinate Lieut.
General Grant, and sentenced to im
prisonment at, hard labor for life.
EDWARD SPANGLER, found guilty of
feloniously aiding and abetting John
Wilkes Booth in making. his escape
after having murdered Abraham Lin
coin. President of the United States,
he the said Spangler at' the same
time well knowing that Abraham
Lincoln had been murdered by Booth.
The Commission sentenced Spangler
to hard labor for six years.
SAMUEL ARNOLD, found guilty of
the specifications and charges against
him, except that of conspiring with
Spangler; and sentenced to impris
onment at hard labor for life.
SAMUEL A. Munn, found guilty of
receiving, entertaining, harboring
and concealing John Wilkes Booth
and David B. - Harrold, knowing them
to have been engaged in the assassi
nation of President Lincoln. The
Commission sentenced Mudd to be
imprisoned at hard labor for life.
`The Presidelit's - order in these ea
sel?, is SS follovits
. It is further ordered, that the pris
oners Samuel Arnold, Samuel A.
Mudd,- Mich - ael O'Laughlin and Ed•
ward Sriangler, be confined at bard
labor in the penitentiary at Albany,
New York, during the period desig
nated in their respective sentences.
ANDREW JontisoN, President.
THE EXECUTION.
'WASHINGTON, July 7.—On the pia.
tition of Mary .E. Surratt through
her counsel, Aiken and Claropitt,
Judge Wylie, of the Supreme Court
of this District, directed an issue of
the writ of habeas corpus to Gen. Ha
ncock, commanding him to produce in
court at 10 o'clock this morning, the
body ; of" Mrs. Surratt, with the cause
and' day of her detentien.
The writ was served on Gen. Han
cock at the Metropolitan Hotel;
o'clock this morning, by the United
States-Marshall; Gooding. He im
mediately consulted with the Attor
ney General and the- Secretary of
War. At half-past ten o'clock the
General bad not obeyed the writ.
This fact was brought to the no
tice of the court by the counsel, but
the Judge said he Had not the power
to enforce the,writ.
At an early hour to-day, guards
were placed all round the Arsenal
grounds to prevent the intrusion of
persons to the scene of execution,
none being admitted excepting those
previously supplied with tickets by
Major General Hancock.
The relatives of lirs..Surratt and
Harrold spent' several - hours with
them during the forenoon, and they
were also attended by their spiritual
advisers, as were also Payne and At
-r4p,rl
few minutes alter . or6tock, the
outer prison door was opened and
Mrs. Surratt - wassupported on her
way to the gallows by two military
officers.
Next followed Atzerott; .Harrold
and Payne, accompanied . a
guard
and their respective ministers of, the
gospel.
Front seats - were provided for
them on the platform in the following
order :
Mrs. Surratt, Payne; Harrold and
Atzerott.
The officers entrusted with the ex
ecution and the ministers occupied
intermediate positions.
Major General Hartranft, who has
been, from the commencement in
charge of' , the prisoners, came for
ward and read the order of the War
Department, approving. the sentences
and ordering the penalty of death to
be inflicted.—
A heavy guard was stationed on
the walls surrounding .the ground,
while below soldiers were formed. on
:t*6 sides of a square. "Perhapi-sev
eral hundred civilians were present
anxious spectators of the solemn
scene. Ono ot the priests attendant
on Mrs, Starrett repeated. a short
prayer to which Payne, who was
seated next to her, attentively lis
tened. The minister who had been
administering to Payne expressed in
the name of the hitter his sincere
thanks to General Ilartranft, and
the officers >and soldiers ' who had
charge of him, for their personal
kindness. They bad not uttered an
unkind word, nor given an unpleas
ant look or gesture, but seemed to
compassionate his misfortune.
The minister then uttered a brief
prayer, asking for Payne the forgive
ness of all his sins and a, passage out
of this'world into, the joys of heaven.
The minister who attended Harrold
also returned thanks for kind treat
ment'of the prisoner, and offered a
prayer that God would receive his
soul; harrold was affected to tears.
The minister whO attended Atzerott
also returned for him thanks to-Gen.
Hartranft and other officers for kind
attention, and then invoked the °ler
ey of God upori . the prisoner: . The
condemned were then required to
rise from their seats when the chairs
were removed. They were now all
on the drops, .their bands faatened
benind thern, and their legs bandaged
both below and above the knees, and
white caps placed over their heads.
Atzerott, while .being prepared for
the execution,said, "Gentlemen, fare.
well, take good care ; good bye, - io n _
tle.men, now before me.," One of the
clergymen, standing near, exclaimed,
"May we all meet in the other world."
As soon as the noose was placed
around each neck, Mrs: Surma be
ing the,last one adjused, the section
of the platform on which they had
been standing, suddenly fell and th 4 lk.
culprits were hanging several feet
from the ground.
Mrs. Surratt and - Payne scarcely
moved a muscle. - ktzerott exhibited
tiome twitching, and Harrold showed
more nervous sensibility than any of
tho others.
The bodies hum-, until life was ex
tinct and afterwards given over for
burial, the rough coffins being already
at hand for that purpase.
The arrangements for the execu
tion were perfect.
Major General Hancock was pres
ent throughout the proceedings. It
is said - Payne_last night made a state
ment in, behalf of Mrs. Surratt exon
erating her from complicity, and that
another person subscribed to an affi
davit impeaching the testimony of an
important witness against her.
All were hung in manacles, save
Mrs. Surratt. Four soldiers p er .
formed the execution.
Graves were dug near the scaffold
and coffins were beside them ready
for the occupants.
Payne was strangled to death, but
the necks of all the others were bro
ken.
The execution did not occupy
more than twenty minutes, and was
devoid of extraordinary incident or
accident. Contrary to the prevailing
impression, no speeches were made
on thescafold.
Mrs. Surratt's Case—The Writ of
Habeas. Corpus.
, This morning Judge Wyliegranted
an application of the counsel of Mrs.
Su rratt for a writ of habeas corpus com
manding Major General Hancock to
produce the body of Mrs. Surratt be
fore the court. The writ was return
able at 10 o'clock, but nearly two
hours after that time Gen, Hancock
entered the court, accompanied by
Attorney General Speed, who apolo
gized for the apparent delay in mak
ing a return by the General, which
was unavoidable. He then proeeeded
to read the return, in which General
Hancock said the body of Mrs. Sur
ratt was in his possession,
under and
by virtue of an order of President
Johnson, for the purpose expressed
and which order is as follows:
EXECUTIVE OFFICE, July 7, 1865
TO Maj. Gen.. llaneock, Commanding,
&c :
I, Andrew Johnson, President of
the United States, do hereby declare
that the writ of habeas corpus has
been heretofore suspended in such
cases as this, and I do hereby espe
cially suspend this writ and direct
that you proceed to execute the or.
der heretofore given upon the judg
ment of the military commission, and
you will give this order as a return to
this writ. - .
. A. JOHNSON :
President of the United States.
The Couit reinarked that no fur
ther steps would be taken in the mat
ter.
Two BROTHERS MURDERED BY A
WOMAN.—A Mrs. Adeline Ridey, last
Monday nigh t a week entered a drink
jug-house-on, Third street, near Gi
rard avenue, Philadelphia4nd, with
out apparent provocation, drew a dag
ger and instantly stabbed one of the
proprietors, named Joseph Sides, and
his brother, Isaac Sides, who rushed
to Joseph's assistance. Both the, men
I died soon after. The woman fled and
~,.n rs'il lnri 1-kr...coif, Jth,t. 'mom:vat' booquon t
ly arrested and committed for trial.
The murderess was also the keeper
of a drinking-house, in St. John street
between Willow and. Noble, and had
a number of women boarders. She
is married, but her husband bad left
her, and was living at the house kept
by Joseph Sides, who also entertain
ed female boarders. Rum and jeal.
°way appear to have been the cause of
this bloody tragedy. Adeline is 24
years of age, and has once been hand
some, but bears upon her face the
wrinkles that are the : signs of mogov
erned passions and habits of irregu
larity and dissipation.
pv=il
I I I
is • - -
JEW MBank
TRANSPORTATION LINE.
By Lebanon Valley Railroad.
pARTICULAR attention will be paid to Goods shipp
ed by the Lebanon - Valley Railroad. Goods will be
sent daily to and from Philadelphia to Lebanon, Myers
town and Annvillo Stations, and all other points in the
County.
,FREIGIITS contracted for at the lenst possible rates
awl deliVered with dispatch.
The Proprietor will pay particular attention to,land
attend personally, to the receivbfg and delivery of all
Freights.
For information, apply at his Office at the Lebanim
Valley Railroad De rot, Lebanon.
EDWARD MARK, his Agent in Philadelphia, will al
ways be found at W. H. Bush's Merchant's Hotel, .2rorth
Third st., Philadelphia.
May 4, '64.-1
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A. Steigerw 1 7
C_AONEJT WARE ROOMS AND C7AIR MAN-
Market street, 3d door north of the L. Valley Railroad
LEBANON, PA.
Largest Manufactory and Best Lssortment of
Furniture and Chairs in the. County
undereigned would most respectfully ask the
public to bear. in mind that he has still on hand
' , nt his Rooms the cheapest,
largrst and hest assortment
of the nur t and
handsome stock of ,FURNI-
DEE AND. CHAINS.
Persons in need of anything in his line, would best
call and examine his stock before purchasing else.
where. He warrants all his steak lobe of a superior
quality to any in the market in the county, as it is all
aids own make. Prices will also he lower than at
any other place, either in the borough or county of
Lebanon.
Ho will also have on hand an extensive assortment
of Cushioned Spring, Cane Bottomed and Wriason.
CHAIRS.
- • -.
. All orders promptly attended to, and speedily exe
cuted, at the very lowest prices.
All persons purchasing Furniture from him will be
accommodated by having it delivered to them to any
part of the thunty, Free of Charge, and without the
least Injury, as ,he has procured one ofthe best Met
ioned Furniture Wagons, especially for that purpose..
Air. READY mum COFFINS will be kept on hand
and COFFINS will be made to order at short notice.
and FUNERALS attended. '
April 17,1865.
HOWARD ASSOCIATION,
PHILADELPHIA, - PA.
is e ase s of the 'Urinary and Semler System,
new end reliable treatment. Also the BRIDAL
elf/UMBER, an , ESZtay, of Warning anti Instruction,
sent in sealed enyelepes, free of -charge. Address Dr.
J. SRILLIN . IiOUCHITON, Howard Association, No,
2. South NinthStreet.Philadelible, PA.
anus 21, D 355.
George Ho timans
LEBANON COUNTY
GEO. EDEMA N
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C'' '?l 007
FACTORY,'
Lately occupied by Ow Lane%
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peg
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