Pir
vow umniarazeur mrM®®nausvlrsclDECZ
Neatly and Promptly Executed, at the
ILDIMTIBEB, OFFICE, LEBANON, PENN'A.
Tars establie'hmelit is now supplied with an extensive
assortment of 308 T S7PB, which will be increased aa the
patronage demands. It -can now turn out l'etiqme, of
every description, in a neat and expeditious ntuner—
linden very reasonable terms. Such as
Pamphlets, 'Checks,
Businese Cards, Handbills,
Circulars, Labels,
Bill Headings, Blanks,
Programmes, Bills of Pare,
Invitations, Tickets, &c., &c.
iDtzos of all kinds, Common and JudgmentßOstos.
School, Justices', Constables' and other Asks, printed
correctly and neatly on the best paper, constantly kept
for sale at this office, at prices "to suit the times." ,
*** Subscription price of the LEBANON ADVERTISER,
One . Dollar apd alien' a Year.
Addfess, Was. H. BRESLIN, Lebanon, Pa
eljaite lattet;s4
"THE BE.6.lMipuL
[Could anythingb e rne
, re Bt . :tenting than the follow
ing? Its author's Utire e is unknown, but he de
serves a hi gh P i a" e it* the poetic tanks :1
',Oh I the snow, tv ti r
Billing the sk- 'ea" . B "Pw ,
Over the he a i 1 earth below,
tom,
tier
,osn tops, over the street,
.., heads of the people you moot,
Dancing,
Flitting,
Skimming along :
Il'amitiful snow I it can do no wrong,
„Flying to kiss a fair lady's cheek, ,
Clingthg to lips in ti`froncicsomo freak,
Beautiful snow from the heaven , above,
PIM) as an angel, gentle as love!
OW. the :now, the beautiful snow,
How the flakes gather and laugh as they go
Whirling about in its maddening fun,
It plays in its glee with every ono,
Mae lug,
Laughing,
Hurrying by:
It lights on the face, and it sparkles the eye !
And even the dogs with a bark and a bound ;
Snap at the crystals that eddy, around,
The town is alive, and its heart in a glow,
To welcome the coming of beautiful snow !
How wild the crowd goes swaying along,
Railing each other with humor and song!
How the gay sledges, like meteors fly by,
Bright for the moment, then lost to the eye;
Ringing,
Swinging,
Dashing they go,
Over the crust of the bountiful snow t r
Snow so;pure when it falls from the Sky.
To be trampled and tracked by the thousand aof feet
Till it blends with the filth in the horrible street.
Once I was pure as the snow—hut-I fell!
Pell like the snow fliikes: trout heaven to boll ;
Fell to be trampled as fil4ll in the street ;
Fell to be scoffed, to be spit on and beat;
Pleading. .
Cursing,
Dreading to die,
Selling my soul to whoever may buy,
healing in shame Ihr a worsel of bread,
Flitting the living and fearing the dead;
Merciful nod! have I fallen so low?
And yet I was once like the beautiful snow
guttuantru.
LETTERS FROM MAJOR JACK DOWNING'
WASHINGTON, Dec. 10; 1863
To the Editor :
Sua .—When I writ you last, the
Messige warn't finished. Viral, sich a
time as we had finishin that docv
ment you never did see. The Kernel
an I set up all nite long three or four
nites, but it was nigh about onpossi
bul to git it to suite him. Ho would
git, it fixt, an then Seward would
cum in an say it was too bold. Then I
Chase he'd cum an say it warn't bold
.enuf ; and finally I Wiled him to
rnak.e:it as old Deacon Grimes did
his oven. He wanted to know how
that was. \Val, I telled him it was
this way : The Deacon built an oven
fedinat - 611.34 'N'orth, - when - one of his
nabars cum along an sed that would
never do, as the North wind would
blow rite in the mouth of the oven.—
So the old man turned it around, an
put the face to the South. Purty
soon another naber cum along, an ses
he, 'Deacon, it will never do to have
the oven face the South, for there
ain't any wind so blusterin as the
South wind.' So the Deacon turned
it round to the \Vest. Putty soon a
man cum along, and ses he, 'Deacon,
don't yOu know that the worst show
ers an hurryeanes we have always
cum from the West? It will never
do to face your oven, that way.' So
the Deacon determined to change it
around to the East. lie hadn't more
than got it dun, before another naber
cum along, an see he, 'Why, Deacon
Grimes, I'm perfectly astonished to
see you buildin an oven an facin it to
the East.—There ain't no wind so
Barching an penetratin as the East
wind, an it will blow your fire ell out
of the oven.' Wal,' ses the old Dea
con, perfectly discuraged, sui t you
all. I'll build my oven on a pivot, an
when you cum along you can turn it
around jest as you want it.' 'Now,
!see I, 'Kernel, that's the way with
_your Messige,'—Ses he, 'that's a fact;
the only trubbil is to fix on a pivot
.on which it kin turn.'—'Val,' ses
'that's the easiest thing in the world.
'Take the nigger for the pivot, an it
will suit every man in your party.—
'The only difference between 'em is,
that some don't like to look him
;square in the face. That sort can
turn your Messige around a little, an
they'll see the nigger sideways; an
- those that can't stand that, can turn
it clear around, and then they'll see
the nigger in the back, but it will be
nigger all the time The Kernel
sed it was a capital idee, an he ment
to carry it out. It got noised around
that the Kernel was cumin out with
sum big thing in his Messige, an every
Congressman, when he got to Wash
ington, run rite to the White louse
to give the Kernel advice. They
nigh about run bim to deth. 'Wel,'
oes I, 'Kernel, make 'em believe you're
_sick.' 'Sho, see he, 'that won't do a
bit of good. I've tried it often, an
they bore me was than ever.' Wal,'
sea I, 'tell 'em you've got scarlet fever
an that will scare 'ern away.' The
Kernel sed it was a lust rate idee, an
so it was.announeed in all the papers
that the President had the scarlet fe
ver; but it didn't do much good._
Sum staid away,_ but the crowd y e t
was tremenjus. 'Now,' sea I, 'Kernel
this is too bad ; hero it's almost time
for Congress to meet, and no Messige
dun yet. Jest let the reporters an
nounce that you've got the small pox,
and there won't be a mother's son of
'em cum within gunshot of you.—
Then you can fix your Messige, put
in that patent pivet, an grease up
things generally, so they'll run ano
ther year without teehing.' The Ker
nel sed there was no other way than
to do it. When it got out that the
Kernel had the small pox, you never
see such a calm. The White House
was nigh about deserted, an it seem
ed like a Sunday up in Maine. The
Kernel then set rite down to his Mes
sige, an worked like a hewer. Ile
r Y = t er QT
VOL. 15---No. 29.
i 0 shape after the foundation timbers
were 'laid. An so he did. When he
go,' t it finished, be called Seward and
red it to him. He sed it was capital
Then he sent for Chase and be sed it
was all rite. 'Now,' ses I, 'Kernel,
send for a War Dimmyerat, an see
how he'll like it' Wheri I sed this,
the Kernel , laffed rite out. See ho,
'Majer, you're . jok in—l know you are.'
See he,'The War Dimmycrats remind
me of a . story about bar.hunti•n out
West. Old Josh Muggin had a young
dog which was very firce for bars.—
So one day• ha tuk_ him along on a
hunt. In the very first fite the bar
bit the dog's tail off, an away he run
yelpin an barkin like mad, an Josh
could never git his dog to fite bars at.
ter that. Now, it's jest so with War
Dimmyerats. They were very fierce
to fite me if I issued my Emancipa.-
shin Proclamashin , but I .did it, an
by so doin, l l ent their tailsoff; an they
have never showed any fite agin me
sence, an they won't. No—l ra'aly
wish I hadn't eny more trubbil on
hand than the War Dimmycrats will
give me.'
Sesl, 'Kernel,' I think you've rath
er bard on the War Dimmycrats.—
They supported you because tfrey
thot you was tryin to restore the
Union, but now when they read
your messige an see that you won't
have the Union back eny how, they'll
say you deceived 'em, and you may
find 'em the most trubblesum ens
tomers you're yet had to deal with.
They ment to sustain the govern
ment, but now when they see that
you won't. sustain it, they may turn
on you wus than the copperheads
have,' an see I, 'Kernel, you jist git
the Dimmyeratsunited, and I shudn't
wonder if they wud'be after this, an
then let all your Miss Nancy Aboli
tionists look out., for there won't be
as much left of 'em as there was of
Bill Peeler's dog after his panther
fite.' Ses the Kernel, ses be, 'how
much was that ?"\Val,' ses I, 'Bill
always sod there warn't nothin left
but the collar be had round his neck,
an the tip end of his tail, about an
inch long.' Wal,' ses the Kernel,
'l've got to go abed, no matter who
don't like it, or who gits licked in
the fite. I'me in the Abolishin bote,
an you can't stop it now eny more
than you can put Lake Superior in a
quart bottle.' See I, 'Ciu abed, Ker
nel ; I alters like to see a man bold
an strong on his own principles.-
- rnere's nothin like pluck. Let
ev
et.y body know jist what you mean;
and then if they support you it's their
own fault.' 'Wal,'-.•ses-:.b.e, 'ain't .1
plain enuf this time ?"Yes,' sea I,
'Kernel, all but the amnesty part—
that's kinder puttyfogy."Wal,' ses
ho, 'Majer, men that can't see a hole
Oro a ladder ought to be humbug.
ged.' Ses I, 'Mebby that's so, but
we'll all know more about who's
humbugged an who isn't after the
war is over.'
But I never did see people , so tick
led over the Messigo as the Republi.
bins all are. They say it is jest the
thing—that it is going to wipe out
slavery, an prevent the 'Union as it
was' ever bein restored; an then it's
dun so cutely. that a good menny
people won't see thru it. That am
nesty dodge throws dust in their
eyes, an kinder sounds generous like.
There's a great fife cumin off a
mong the Abolishinists about who's
to be run for next President, an L
think I'll hay sum noos for you afore
long. Enyhow, I shall keep my eyes
open as ushil.
Yourn, till deth,
MAJER JACK DOWNING.
ARCHBISHOP HUGHES, -
Archbishop Hunrup, though of
humble origin, had .:.ttainect to the
highest dignity of the Catholic church
on this Continent, and was universal
ly beloved and venerated by his peo
ple while his powerful intellect, his
zeal in his sacred calling and the
unquestioned purity of his life, chal
lenged the admiration of all, no mat
ter how they may have differed with .
him. His was the controlling intel
leet of his church in this country.—
Others may have been more versed in
the intricacies of church doctrine ;
but for the last ten or fifteen years,
it has been to Archbishop RucatEs
that all have looked as the guiding
mind, at least in all the temporalities
of the church. He has held the helm
with a vigor, sagacity and bold intel
lectual power that .has overridden
prejudice, and given to the Catholic
church in the United States, a wis
dom of administration and a prosper
ity second to no other religious sect.
Archbishop HuonEs was born in
Ireland, in 1798, and emigrated to
this country in 1817, very soon after
entering the Theological Seminary
at Emmittsburg, 111 d. He was or
dained a Priest in Phil: d'a.,in 1825,
and for a number of years labored
with great zeal among his people,
founding St. John's Church in 1832,
where he continued as pastor until
called to more responsible duties in
N e w York. In 1832 he had his cel
ebrated correspondence with the Rev.
Dr. BurAcKimunGE, and two years of
ter, an oral discussion with a brother
of the latter. Both the correspon
dence and debate were published,
and excited much interest among the
religious .community. From this
- time Archbishop illlollEB took a
front rank as a controversialist; and
in the thirty years which have since
elapsed, his faith - has never been as
sailed, that it has not found in him
a ready and powerful champion,
maintaining to the last all the vigor
of his intellect, and an almost faseina.
ting power of argumentation. In
1837 he was appointed by the POPE
.o Bisho. DUBOIS of New
LEBANON, PA., WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 13, 1864.
York; in 1838 administrator of the
diocese, and succeeded to the Bish
opric in 1842, on the death of Bishop
Dupols. It is needless to recount
here, his successful labors in the New
York diocese for the• next few years.
All are familiar with the reform ho
successfully introduced in the tenure
of-church property, and the zeal he
dovotcd to the correction of what he
held to bean abuse in ,he school laws
of that State. His hand was never
idle. Here a college was to be found
ed, and there a church debt liquida
ted. To him labor for - his church
was rest; and with a firm faith, in
Gop and right, ho was appalled by no
obstacle no matter how lormidable.
In 1845 he visited Europe on mat
ters connected with the church,- and
again in'lBso, 'ivhen he was raised to
the dignity of Archbishop, and went
to Rome to receive the palliurn at
the hands of the Pope. Again in 18-
55 he visited Rome by command of
Pope Pins, to be present at the defin
ition of the dogma of the immaculate
conception. In the years which in
tervened between this period and 18-
61, Archbishop Hughes devoted fresh
zeal to the affairs of his church, and
progcted many new church edifices,
in eluding the Cathedral in New York
which was commenced in 1858, and
is designed to be the largest church
edifice in America. In 1861, he visiti.
ted Europe for the fourth time, on
this occasion in a somewhat official
capacity, and since his return, as
while abroad, has labored earnestly
to avert the evils impending over his
adopted country.
He died peaclully on Sunday night
in the midst of his great labors. Full
of honor, and with a memory em
balMed in the hearts of tens of thou
sands of the American people. ' John
Hughes has gone to his God, and to
his exceeding great reward.
GOVERNOR'S MESSAGE
The past year has afforded us new causes of thankful
ness to the Almighty for the moral and material bless
ings which heli3lsbeqtowed upon as.
The balance in the Treasury, November
30,1-02. was $r,172 3.44 10
lieceipts during the fiscal year ending No
vember 30, 1003 4,209,451 00
Total in Treasury for fiscal year ending
November 30.1651 8,462,205 76
The pqments for the same period have
been ..... 4.314,04 05
Balance in Treasury, November 2.0, 1683_ 2.117.331 70
The ope-ations of the sinking fund during the last year
Lave been shown by my Proclamation of the Sth day of
September last, as follows :
Amount of debt Commonwealth reduced.. $954,720 40
As fvllows, viz
Coupon Loan Act, 4.1863 100.000 60
hive per cent 790.114
Four .nct cue-Leif per cent 633)00 09
Relief bates natiseied 963 Co)
Domestic croditarc' cert ificatoa 13 06
Inturet , .. cci tifiattca pan! - 9.7 99
Amount of public debt of Penn , ylvanitt
as it stood on thelst day, of December,
$40,448,213 82
Deduct amount red,•emed at the State
Troesury during the fist .1 year ending
with Noveininte UO. 1803 Vez. :
Five per emit stock $888,499 78
Four and a half per cent
mucks 02.000 00
Relief notes 109 00 -
Domestic credi ora' certificates 8 :t1.3
$951,617 04
Public debt, December Ist. 186^ 539,490 ; 596 78
Funded debt, viz: 6 per cent
loans $400,630 00
Funded debt, viz : 5 per cent
10an5,35,742,686 4i
Funded debt, viz : 434 per
;,:eut luaus 269,200 00
--- V 36,376,816 46
Unfunded debt, viz
Relief notes in circulation $07.251 00
Interest tertiOcates outs'antling 15,3!,6 63
Interest certificated unclaimed., 4.448 38
Domestic creditor? certificated.. 7 ;32
$88,410,598 78
Military loan per Act of ]lay 15th, 1541... .0,000
Total indebted nese
tho net of the 15th of May, 1861, anthorizing the_
military loan of 53.000,000 utt, a tax of one-half mill was
laid on real and personal property, to furnish a fund for
rede-ming the same I recommend that the comntission
ers of the slaking fund be directed to invest tin:proceeds
of the tax on State loan at that i may be drawing in
terest, to be in like manner invested, or that they atom hi
apply such pros-eds directly to the purchase of certifi
cates of the militar loan, and cancel such certificates as
shall be purchased.
Although our finances are still in Is healthy condition,
it is necessary to invite, the serious attention of the Leg
islature to the considernthon of the means of tunintain-
Me them unimpaired in future.
By theact of 1 .Ith Aunt. 1841, it was provided that the
interest on the State loans should always be paid in spe
cie or its equivalent. tort that whenever the funds in
the Treasury should lie of lens value than specie, the dif
ference in talue shlild be ascertained and certified to
the Governor. who should thereupon issue his war ant
to the agents or banks authorized to pay such interest on
behalf of the Commonwealth, to allow such difference to
parties receiving the interest, or at the option of the par
ties to pay the same in specie.
By the act of ilth April. 1802, it was provided that for
the purpose of paying in specie or its equiva out, all in
terest thntshould thereafter he due by I he Common wealth
as required by the act of done 12. 1810, the several banks
who should avail themselves of the provisions of that
act, (at 7.lth A pril,18)0. and should refuse to redeem
their totes in specie, on demand, at any time v. lieu such
interest should become due, should they. after. when re
quired by the State Treasurer, by notice in writing, pay
into the State Treasury, in proportion to the capital
stock paid in • f each bank, their ratable proportion pf
8101 premium for gold or its equivalent, as should have
been a tually paid by the State
By the net of the 30th jinni:try. 1 803. it was provided
that the State Treasurer should exchanze with the bank
an amount of currency euilicien• bi pay the interest on
the State debt fulling due on the first days of February
nod August, 1863 for the same :ttnottril of coin, and
should give to the hanks specie certificates of exchange,
nut transferable, pledging the fetch of the State to re
turn said Win in exchanee for notes current at th e ti me ,
on or before the first Monday of March 1864. finch certi
ficates to bear interest at the rate of 2% per cent.. per
annual
Under the provh!inne of the act of 18 1 '2, certain banks
paid into the State Treasury $140,768 30 as nn equiva
lent for coin for the payment of interest on tho public
debt
Under the act of 1863, specie certificates have been gi
ven to the bunks. amounting in the who e to $ ,666.004-
67, which.with the accruing interest, will fall due on the
first Monday of March next
As the provisions of this act were of a temporary char
acter. the only acts now in force on the subject are those
of 184 and 1862, above mentioned, under which it will
be the duty of the State authorities to pay the interest
on the rst of February 1854, and thereafter in coin or
its equivalent. and look to the banks that may be liable
under the act of 662 fur reintbursement uf the premium
pa•d by the commonwealth
In the face of all difficulties this Commonwealth, ac
tuated by a sentiment a hick does its people honor, has
Itithertoltaid its interest in coin or its equivalent
Existing circumstance.. make it necessary to consider
now the iltir extent m her just obligations
The exigencies .-f the times have compelled the Gov
ernment of the United States to issue large amounts of
'treasury notes for cir Illation, which lire not red einable
in coin. and which form the great mass of our circula
ting medium.
It Is our duty as a loyal State—it In our interest as a
State whose welfare, and even safety, depend em
phatically upon the maintenance of the cre it and the
success or the military operations of the General Gov
ernment—to do nothing to impair its credit or elebarrass
its measures. On the contrary. we owe it to ourselves
and to our posterity to give an active support to its ef
forts to quell the monstrous rebellion.which is still rag
ing, and thus restore peace to our distracted country.
It is our own Government, and we could not, without
gross indecency attempt to refuse its currency in pay
ment of taxes and other debts due to the Commonwealth
In 1640 the case was very different The didlcuities
then arose front the suspension of specie payments by
our State banks, mere local and privatecorporations,and
the Stale very properly, by the act of that year, intend
id to provide against loss to its creditors by reason of
such suspension. An exigency like the present could
not then hare been foreseen by the Legislature, and it is
to be inferred therefore that they could not have intend
ed i.o.provide for it.
We derive our system of public Mans. from 'Europe,
end thstroe extent of our obligation is to be Ascer
tained by referring to. the known establislact piastice
or European goVernMents prior to the autos when our
loans were effected I mean; of course, such of those
governments, as were held to have malataitied their
national credit.
It is believed to have beta the uniform mot* of
such governments to Ay their interest ID imPor cur
rency, however depreciated, during a legatizsJ moven.
giOn ut specie payments. Au observanie tto , tanee of
this is afforded by fitte Nome Of the British Borer--
ment, which, during twenty-flue yeare, from fiffi to
1822. during which the bank was prohibited by law
from paring oat coin for any jovrpeett. paid tho intercot
On its pnbli debts in bito k notes,which during a great
Part of that time were at u heavy didcouut, sometimes
a,nottuting to :SU per Gem. or thereabout. Their.neccs
sities thou wore not gutter tbd u oars are now.
Akti.oug ourselves., at the present titne...,lllastiachneetts
(whe-ie debt IR bOliOveil to be very small) itaye :he trite.
rei.t in coin Ohio an Indiana pay 'in currency. In
Nee Y'rk it not hitown what will he dune. Her
kgistature, by coucart;ent resolution.. ordered the to
tes eat to be pal„ in COIIII. - 0 foreign stockholders,in April
last.
AL the prosenC rave cf premium on gold the ante ne
cessery to p.f: Ott no OtiotOll6 sufficient to di:citer4,- the
annual interest on the State debt would No more then
.$1,000,000, t inlto itteira le,tedf t flaunt texar Mit to that
tiXtenc would be unavoidable. The do ontids on the
Tteasktry for other nice. eery purtupss must probably
.I,e'siteli as to render it; wpru .1 , 11 t to throw any nen of
this expeueliture n fir- saluting Notions. To borrow
.money gone tams. )ear to' pay the interest on peat
loans muttW ofe.mrs , ..;;ttholli inatituiseable To Lave
the act of nth: in tette, anti attempt to throw the pay
unlat'of tide 'larva' trz-i , toni aunualiy on the berths.
wruld be tint ()mo a t eipAily tit just, bp Tilts ilaplnC
tiettete. riff:vent eiliioeauli-et to tire cark-fri'l
unit median, conriderstiou of the to; slature. Foote
le_istetion ought it, beliad on it briore 'he-ekes of the
itti-ent month. In opitilen the Cettimmwesith
will have fie:IWO lit r oblig.ttiohar by providing "for the
payment of Mr interest in the currency of the OGvern
clout. If the letgitelatitee altooht think 11l to cootie tie
VI pay it in CAD. P their duty to tery forth
with the heavy tuxes :14 - -cessery for the - pd 'poet, I
u.t, onesin g oe.ars a tit AL the plan adopted by one
of the ritates of peyio,tt coin to foreign. and currot,cy to
lit)llPlitie lout, 11.3itlyr,d, to - me to be .% betty
wise rind-f. , undcd on:nu,let-itturate principle.
.i4,,the close of the lax.iir.oisiott, nineteen bills renew
ing the charters °feet - lain hanks tor anotherrrikid of
score pr.-sent:ll to me Oft hese Ilicee (for
reasons w bleb will be reactor communicated,) with
laid my signature fru:. our and approved the r..nratu•
der. I have been NI twits'. them by the considerations
that the banks of the Comm to wealth pay a tares Love
title {nearly 1.4-10,000), we left the State can ill eifird to
109,, and that, lm the present condition el the country,
-it would be impolitic o drive en notch capital out of to
die cue or force it into new employments.
• 1f the Nation system afford sufficient in
discontents, capital will rel•entari:y toffs that direction.
It is proper to wiser:is - teat the ohs, sera efface: of the
batiks it. quest lon ote efer, at an early porfod.svisite to con
sequence of the invasion of the dtate, during the last
Klinanor. tuey could not have beeu reasonably (..N.piictod
to give the liecesSary nottes of renewed appltcatious
tar re Chanter,.
I tempt:nond an extension of the Won during wldeb
the tangy rtro now rolinkel from proolti-:o for of
ing their otligati”ne: in coin.
The iticrnstß.oxi•cl. - 11 of living Invite attendee to
the eolitries of our pundit ollicere Tho-o of the Seer,--
fury of the 0 onono 'newt!), Auditor 0,13 , 1.0 end :Auto
Treneurer, and of the Okras in their eint.lii men
In toy opinioe, too tow, esp•iniellv es the oxigeorien of
the tireei hove greatly eubence4 the tet,ore and reepon
liti ties of al Lund in the veer of to:, lien4s of tre•te, ‘le
puetnionts,enterni a eoteitant, iirtemiouce at Harris
hurt, which ores not vrinir•ei.
Under the Act of leth April, lSti> and itseuiplernent
pee-ed 224 April, 1883, the hrialitht Geuoral.Quorter
matner General and easninf-sel. tlonorut have horn
acting es the Board of M•litery Claims They have
up is this time, :WM...feed ehiald to rho ameltur of
8.68,415 81, and others have been elieady Inesenteel
to the further ranee ut of $t1f.41,120 4, which hero opt
y,t been anted 00. •
Under toe Act prri 2'2,1E63. (P L. 629) the Cratrt f
Common Piens m... Anted three tik,prniaers to at.,C.wtaite
the »mare datku to the cot:nava an the eau there hor
der 'dy the militia ^riled into service in Set. tember. ttit2.
by the Aud,rgent Cavalry is the tattne rnoelte. nod by
the rebate in their:hit tat the loth oud OetoLer.
V ell
The appreitters hate - not yet completed the perform
anent of their ditties. When their tepee 8 ehait have
boon made to the Court u(eorommt ,Pleas and affirmed,
u elentinor in part, by that Chun, it will be the duty
of the Onverntar to el .im the payment of the
from the General Govornment and on failure to secure
the same, then to reper;Lo the next Letrlslatur ,reento•
mending moth Action as he may deem just and peeper.
The f:XtItqI,MYS of the Transportation and Telegraph
ntipartlll4llL durtug the peat year have Lee. as 1,41,1
rIiACI (out Of appinpriatiott mode by alititary
Loan Act of ISM) f. 13.868
Unpaid (the isporom ta ion Wag 0.1 h ste4).. 155 , 4 74/
I,rutltatautr, oatiinz.ted uu
$14,413 66
Theal expenses havehenn mainly incurred in keep
Eng up the necessary ttmttP estam ductee tt.ucuilita,y
.ttkportittsiicui 4.104 11.441i4er.41Deportto,1711 9F sick Rua
wonntled and the dead beli.•s of our voltm Mere, as Will
be aeon by :be report of ;be Chief of Tr au sportation,
herewith communicated. I recommend an appi opt lo
tion to meet the arti dewy, and atsu to csrry on the
service epf this l , f+partrn , utherwitter.
By the thirteenth section of the act of the 15th May,
ISCI, the suns of 3.:9.0u6! was appr printed to be ex
pended by the Governor for the compensat ion of such
persons es he might require to serve the Commonwealth
in the military oeganizetion of the State or the General
Government, a a for the ixpennes ineitlent to the busi
ness in which they might he entteloyed
I have, according to Mw settled annual Recounts of the
expenditure of this fund in the Auditor General's office,
to which the Legislat strOs referred. The unexpended
balance is now $.l ottl 98 A farther sum should be
appropriated in'ltke mattn . ltr Out of this fond 1 have paid
the person, whom I thaw' it necessary so empty in the
military department. an the expenses of the agency
which I was coropellea tip cstabtish at Washington to
attend to the interests anil welfare of our volunteers—
The continuance of this ape cy and the estaLliststuent of
a similar one in the West are of vital importance to them.
I recommend the passage 'of an act authorizing the ap
point meet of agents at Waal ington and ittiashville, and
defining their duties. which should include the collect ion
of all bounties, back pay, tensions, etc, due to Penns, l
ve nia
$054,720 40
$t17,750 ^
•
On thin subject I refer the Legislature to the report of
Colonel R. Biddle Roberts, late Agent of the State, at
Washington. herewith ccunnouleated,and connueutt It
to your careful exam lualiou
On the invasion of the* . tale daring the last summer
the President made a call for militia, and with his as
sent 1 subsequently unitise call fur volunteer militia tor
the defence of the Stare Under these calls men were
assembled and o ganized with peumpteess,af or the re
ality of the etnetgency canto to be understood by our
people The Cenerol Uolortilllent clothed and subsisted
this force, and agreed to guy it, and as no :tom initiation
for that purposeltiolleies made by Congress, the Presi
dent and Secretary of War pi oinked if th money should
bit advanced from oil:erg:inners to recommend its im
mediate rep:l3lllmi: on the meeting of Congress. It is
understood that steps have been already taken to NM,
this pledge. Sevin al of the Minks cheerfully and retail
advaoced the nocimary funds to the amount of
3071,416 43. on my promise to recommend to the Legis
lative an appropriation; to rotary them in ease Congress
should fail to runke one I accordingly make that re-
COUltiletelatien Moot , .
Saollll it he oeees
e.ry, 1 will hereafter. is especial message, give the de
tails and :orrespondence reitiiiag - to this outtrict.
New York tool New Jersey, under the President's call
sent regiments to miser in our deft ore, fir which our
thanks are due to those Stales. our good neighbors
After the twn: of that:vatting. in widen toy I volr
unto.-re front °int:tem:B44 e, including I•elitts)
were engaged, it t i F yi.areil y lee proper thitt ail those
StuteS should unite it cos:: try on the
spot. in which tneir satir , rs. of f e ll-,, i n t h at
conflict, amend be boon arty ir terted. I see .rdingl,
appoint.' David Wills. Ptq ,of tiottydang. tidy agent.
and throto,„dt him a site was porch t a coet of
$z 47a ea. and the convey:met, .n.do to the rele mon
we...ith. On emu monicuting with the action tine of
the other Stereo. they all readily atried to become psi•
ties to the arrangement, and on toe 19th day of No
vember last, the Cemetery Wee fladie.4l-O wit'. appro
pritte ce re monies in the predepeo of the tss salient of
the United Status, tne :overman el the :states concern
ed. Imti other high officers Suite root Natter: d. On the
10th any of december, on the invitaticdt of Mr. Wit:s,
Commissioners representing the Stmett interested in the
Cemetery, metro Darr:atm g, and
(a:are:du:itspiv.
n a let P o l l a y ". „
for its improvement and care in the future, and the
apportioionent of tho .atim cf motley requtred , to the
auroral States, whieh Is herewith commit iceted. The
c l' i u o u rri " g " cite "d
j o i e ' g e
t th r n if v t a l t i: bi st l e ' .. " Siti of removing 'be
bodies or thcalain, bare then far Merle ted to $5.2u9 38,
and an epprorriarien will be required itt pay these ex
penses, and to meet our portion of those tidunding its
y
ex-reuses lautehru'e'sneeutlUUtti:lini'leei their
t nl o :l" b ir" e bir e °' proceedings..e' r r i, L l l e G d '4' b o y l l:ti e
Statue on e aecoant they were mule. It is just to
say that Mr. Wills hug tiechtu ged hie delicate and iLtp ti ri o, tt i tut dilate with fidelity, and to my entire satito
The act for the relief of families at volunteers in
service may require some ft:vision. It is alleged that
In smite parts ol the State the county authorities are
backward in ex: eating the law if goo be SO, the
t to k" .tn:k il e i st h ie 3 h a l s i t t e b:r f
wieldier:* front the diff in eLe t rit re c ,t e d u 3 n .
etuh i c e lt. :F r i e tn" ,: a n i s t w : ill t 'l l r e inb p 'o re P ie ro p p t. ' a r tlen I ion of the Legislature
thu subject of the re'ief of poor orphans of one soldiers
who have g iven, or shall give, their lives to I hecountry
during this crises. In my opinion, their in:totem:nee
and education should be provided b.] by the Cole.--
Foiling ether natural friends of chili y to provide for
them. Jo.) shonld be lam toddy recede ii and f istered
as children of the Cimmontecalth. The sbu,tto net it
tofore giver: b • the Railroad Company,
referred to le my Intl ant ual illialrego, is till mower°
orltiteil. and I recommend that this w th omit
Other reeling as the Leiti-laddre may think fit, be ap
plied to this end. iii melt manner as may be thought
meet expeiliset and elf alive. In male:potion of the
adoption of a more perfects stein, I rec urns n t that
p rev i e i o u be made for securing the admission of such
A.:Airtime into existing educational ealnUffek metare, to
be there chatted, uurtored and instrueted a t the public
expense. t make thii reed mendatten earnest' fee!•
tug assured that in doing no, I represent the wishes of
, the patriots.:, the benevolent and good of the State.
I invite the attention of the Legislature to the con
dition of the loyal peom oatple of East Tennessee, which is
represented to ho deplorable, and appeals wi th.
irresistible force alike to:your sympathies and your
sense of justice. Their whole country has Wen laid
waste by the contending Remiss of. the Government
enartrteiyMirgliol'rvecalarge
i ins "i olf l" al i rt ;t e al
' d ga is t t h r e ic re t' d for the approaching whiter, and
now the women and children are left in e State of
ohavnadtbttleiheettrehels. Font'
Mutton
st,'l3 o 496 5•3 1 3 7S
The representation made by' sundry' gentlemen of
the highest respectability, from.iliat .State, are of the
moat heart,rendering chaiacter. Starvation, actual
and present, now exists. Can wo, in the midst of af
fluent abundance, for a moment hesitate la to what
onr better; chat} kfse towards the people whom only
A
.
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i
'1 . 4. '. ,0- . . .
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+ . ' ' 1.. 'x,
<t- * -
,•:,-,, _ A ,'
•-.6 ~ , a .
•,,,,-i4v-, ' '''.'s i i•L:i.- ,• .. ',, ' ' . - f , t
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•
crime has been their loyalty and devotion to the Gov
ornate:at ? Even if a , portion of our charity should
reach the starving families of those in sympathy with
the rebellion, better it should titan that theSe devoted,
self:ince dicing people who have re unhesitatingly ad'
bored to the Oevernmetit be left, to Huffer. Whenever
pestilence add famine distressed the people of any
,portion of our country we have always bean foremost
in relieving them. and the people of Pennsylvania
have. extended their open handed benevolence and
brormlebarity to the starving People of foreign coun
ties. Shall it be said that the appeals of these people
for broad fail upon the heart of Pennsylvania in vain.
and that we . Who have so recently given thanks for
our abundance hrve oo relief for them in their ex - -
tremities I commend the subject through you to
the People of the State, as woohY the immediate at
tent n and active exertions of the charitable and the
I should be glad if the ,Le t rielature
' would make a
general ter talon of our Revenue Laws, with a view to
their increased .pruductiveuese. It ought to he üb
fiemed that' for It period of more than tirsnty years. no
material change has been made in the Remit Laws
of this Commonwealth. Poring that time some inter
ests have grown into new importance, end shoo hi be
made to bear their just proportion of the public ex
pense. since all taxation should. as far as possible.
press equably upon the property and employments of
our people. .
Pttiling such rev Won. I recommend to the wackier.
ation of the Legislature, ,the following suggestions
Connected with the sublect.
I. There are several companies in the State which.
in add ition to large mining priviiegss, have the cam
trot of the routes of tranoportation. by which alone the
products of the mines of individuals in their respec
tive districts can reach a market. These companies
thus enjoy substantial monopolies. by means of which
they net only receive the fair profits of their own
Property. but are enabled to make additional heavy
gO;MF fq the expense Of. individuals. In toy opinion
priilleges ought never to have been granted, but
CO they exist, it appeart to be just that the class of
I , l2ll , :irdOS which enjoy theta should pay therefor an
additional specific tax.
2. 'Very large SUMS are due, to the Commonwealth
for unpatented lands. Forbearance, clemency. and
libbrality have been in vain tried in the numerous at
tempts to procure the payment of at leant a part of
this debt. from the larger'portion of those who are
indebted on that account,. The tont:nuance of this
state ofittfairs is unjust to the Commonwealth and to
the vest majority of her People whohave honestly paid
for their lands. it has become unendurable. I re
commend that the Legislature provide that the Sur
veyor-General shall file of record in the office of the
Court of Common Pleas of eachcounty. a description or
the lands subject to the lieu of the Commonwealth fur
purchase money, and a statement of the cinema of
principal and interest now due to the Commonwealth,
together with the patent lees on each tract and ten per
cent. on the amount so due for the labor and cost of
making and filing such statemert, and the aggregate
amount thus stated, for each treat, shell be held robe
the AMOODt new due thereon to the Commonwealth,
which OW/ hear interest at the rate of twelve per
emit per annum, till paid, and shall continue to be
the drat lien on the land, till paid. and shall not ho
divested by any jedirial or other sale whatever. I
also recommend the adoption of a suggestion contain -
ell in the Survey or General's reportthat a specific tax
inlaid on all unrettented
3. by existing lows municipal corporations are to
deduct and pay into the Treasury the tax on all loans
contracted by them. It is believed that a large addi
tion would accrue to the revenue by the mttension of
this provision to all counties and to all corporations,
private or public.
I recommend that it be so extended.
. . . _
4. A tax on the gross receipts of all ra Broad and ca
aid companies would, it is believed, be productive and
net oppressive.
Upon sat isfactary reports, according to law, made
°cloud John A. Wright 1 have drown my worrants
for .he delivery to the PhiladelPhie mill Erie Rail, toad
Company of another of the bonds depoQited in
the State Treasury. Four millions of said bootie bare
therefore been now delivered. There can be no rea
sonable doubt of the curly completion of the work,
and, when completed. it is confidently expected that
the bonds held by the State, seen t ed on the road for
53.500,000, will become good interest-paying securi
ties.
I refer to the Auditor General's and State Treas
urer's reports for the details of our financial af
fairs, and the reports of the Surveyor General,
Adjutant General, Quartermaster General, Sur
geon General, Agent at Washington, Chief of
Transportation and Telegragh Department, and
Superiatendent of Cuturnon Schools, in regard to
their several departments.
In May last it was believed from information
received, that General Lee intended to invade
this State. Communisations on the subject were
immediately sent to Washington, urging that
preParations for e;Fective defence shout-1 trot he
delayed. Accordingly the War Department e
rected two new military departments, viz: Tho
Department of the Monongahela, including that
portion of the Stele lying west of the mountains,
to be commanded by Mnj. General Brtioks. and
the Department of the Susqttebanna, comprising
the remainder of the State, and to be commanded
by Maj. Gen. Couch.
Enrly in June, Maj. Gen. Couch arrived at
Harrisburg and assumed command of his depart
went, which he has since exercised with the stil
dierlike promptness, energy and discretion which
were to be expected from his known charac
ter,
The rebels having actually entered the State
in some force, and the approach of their whole
army being imminent, the President mode a re
quisition for militia from this and some of the
neighboring States, and several regiments from
New York - and New Jersey were promptly sent,
and our own volunteer militia began to assemble
but some embarrassments arising, the President
assented to a call by the Executive of the Stet%
which was accordingly made, Ender these calls
5,116 of the men of. Pennsylvania were assetn
bled in the Department of General Brooks, and
31,422 in that of General Couch, To give the
details, or even a summary of the operations
which ensued would be impracticable within the
limits of this message. It is unnecessary to do
so, as I hove recommended the adoption of mess
urea for preserving the history of our several
regiments and other organizations, and in that
history the events to which I have referred will
be recorded. It is due, however, to the men who
came forward, that soy now that thy,
made long and labor is marches iu parts of
this and other States which had been plundered
by the-rebels, suffered great privations, and were
frequently in conflict with the enemy ; and on
all occasions acted in obedience to military d is.
cipline'and orders, and with courage and endur
ance.
Some of the militia called in 1562 end in 1563
were killed and others diseliled. In all these
cases, where there ere no laws for the relief of
these men or their families, I recommend the e
nactment of a law fur this purpose.
The campaign on our soil was closed by the
victory of t:3erryslturg, gained by the veteran
Army of the Potomac, under the command of
Major General Meade, the officers and men of
which displayed all their accustomed valor and
endurance in the conflict. _end in the forced and
rapid marches which immediately preceded it.
Under Divine Providence, to them and to the
military genius and unsurpassed energy of Gen.
Meade, and the promptness and self sacrifieing
gallantry of Gen. Reynolds, we aro indebted for
success on that bleody field.
We are proud to claim Generals Mende and
Reynolds as sons of our own Pennsylvania. The
first lives to enjoy the most prezious of all re
wards, the greatful appreciation of his country
men. The littler fell in the very front orate bat
tle, and we can only pay homage to his memory.
Whatever honors have been at any time devised
to commemorate the virtues of a patriot—of a
true, fearless, loyal 11107.011 and soldier, he has
abundantly deserved. His surviving compan
ions in arms claim the right of themselves erect
ing a monument to him on the field on which be
fell, and it would not be well to interfere with
theirpious intention. But I hope that the Leg
islature will place upon the records of the State
come appropriate testimony of the public grati-
Rude to him and his sera iv ing commander.
I renew most earnestly the recommendation
mode in my last annual message of a revision of
the militia laws. They ere at present shamefully
defective. Indeed, if by militia law is meant a
law intended to provide for so enrolling end or
ganizing the military force of the State that it
may be put into service when required, we may
he said to have no militia law. In each of the
last two years I have been obliged to call out
the militia,. but in fact those who obeyed the call
were volunteers and, with saute exceptions, were
wholly unorganized, so that almost in the face of
the enemy, time has obe consumed is distribu
ting the men into panics and regiments, in
electing officers, and in other preparations for ef
fective organization.
In the report of the Adjutant Genoral will be
found a list of the Pennsylvania regiMents and a
statement in which they ore now serving. In
this connection. I suggeot the propriety of legis
lative authority being given for the preparation
of a history of each of our regiments arid other
organizer ions re be preserved among our a reb ives.
The necessary doeuments ore now accessible, and
as they may in time Ito lost or destroyed, the
making of such a retard as I propose should not
be deferred. It is due alike te the living and
the dead that this subject should be promptly
acted on.
I recommend tbat the proposed amendments to
the Conatitution; giving to citizens in the pub•'
lie service out of the State, the right to• vote, be
passed promptly and submitted to a vote of the
people at as early a day as possible, so that
WHOLE NO. 759
such .eit inns may. exorcise their right of suffrage
at till future ejections. This would be only do
ing justiee to the brave men who ere periling
their lives in our defence.
It is highly important that we should replen
ish the ranks of our regiments in the field and
supply the pleche of those voltinteers whose
terms will 'soon expire and who may decline
further service. lam happy to say that a large
proportion of oar regiments are re-enlisting.
'Efforts are making by myself and by the people
in various portions of the State to procure a
sufficient numher of . volunteers,',aati with a
promise of success, !provided-a reasonable time
be allowed for the parpose. Mennwh lie persons
progessing to be of 'a nd agents freto some
ther States aro .most improperly endeavoring to
'seduce our citizens Into the iraervice by extrav
agent bounties and promises.
The 12th section of the act of 15th May, 1861
prob ihits tiny volunteers from leaving the State
without the authority,of the' Governor, and I
now reconotemod the.passageoof a law, imposing
penalties, by fine and ithprisonment on
vidnalr .who shall endeavor to -procure or aid
end assiat in pro:arias; any poleax' in this State
to en list Jri the volunteer service of any ather
State. Many of oar counties and township]
have filled their quotas nt a large eitnense„ and
in others they arc in conrse of doing the same
by offers of liberal 'bounties and provisions for
the families of volunteers, and it is not right
that these patriotic efforts should be embarrassed
by interference front beyond our borders, espooi ,
ally as we cannot, in these cirenmstances offer
bounties by the State; without injustice of com
pelling the counties and townships which' hare
already contributed largely in that way, to assist
in paying. by taxation, for the deficiancy of
others.
I feel it to be my dutxte call your attention to
the permit:leas practice of leaving many bills to
be hurried through et the close of the session.
During the last ten days of the last session, eeli
bills were presented for my signature, Many of
tbetn of the most important character. The
whole number of bills presented ect me during
the session was 715. In coneequenee of this
habit. not only are bille passed without an op
portunity to either-House for a proper considera
tion of their prwisions, but the Executive is
evitepelled either to sign them without gem:elm:l
- or to hold them over perhaps to the public
inconvenience. It may often happen that a bill,
not approved by reason of a single obnoxious
clause, might, if there were time, heeepaseed,
omitting the objectionable proeieion. In con
nection with the subject of Legislation, I must
refer to another mischief. General laws bare
been passed to give relief in certain eases which
formerly required a armed:ll act in each case. As
for instance the tide of limas by executers, ad
ministrators and trustees, the adupti.in of chil
dren, the creation of mining and manufacturing
coporetiens, and so forth. These laws were
passed to ensure such an ezamination in each
case as would enable justice to be done to the
parties and to the public, and also to save the
time and eepenett cue:se:mad in private legisla
tion. They have hitherto effected neither pur
ee:se, hot Ido seriously urge on the Logielature
the consideration that whoever applies for a spa
cial act ender such eirentustatites must either
fear the result of en impartial inquiry or (if the
application be for a charter) most desire the
omission qr insertion of seine provision contrary
to what fhe Legislature has determined after
mature consideration to be just and legitimate.
It would be unjust to omit referring again to
the loyal spirit of our people, which. has been
evinced in every mode since this war commenced..
Not only have they sent 277,409 naen for the gen
eral and special service of the Government, and
supported with cheerfulness the burdens of tax•
ation, but our storehouses and depots have liter
ally overflowed with comforts and necessaries,
spontaneously contributed by them, under the
active care of thousands of our women, (faith
ful unto death.) for the sick and wettotiorh pris
oners, as well as for our armies in the field.—
Their patriotic benteselenee seems to be inee
hauetible. io every new call; - the response bee
comes more and more liberal. When intelligence
was received of the barbarian starvation of our
prisoners in Patehmend, the garners of the whole
State were instantly thrown open, and before
any similar movement had been made elsewhere
I was already employed on behalf of our people
in efforts to secure the admiasiou through the
rebel !tees of the abundant supplies provided for
the relief of our suffering brethren. Those of our
citizens who hero fallen into the habit of diaper
aginte our great Commonwealth and the unsur
passed efforts of our people should blush when
they leek on this picture.
That this unnatural rebellion may be speedi
ly and effectually crushed, we lie--all—under
the obligation of the one paramount duty—that
of vigorously supporting our government in its
measures to that end, To the full extent of my
official and individual ability it shall be setup
ported, and I rely heartily on your ao operation..
I am ready for all proper measures to strengthen
its arms—to encourage its upholders—to et i ome
late by public liberality, to themselves and their
families, the men who gave to it their personal
service—in every mode to invigorate its action.
We are fighting the great he ttie of God—of truth
—of Tight—of liberty. The Almighty has no
attribute that can fever our savage end degener
ate enemies. No people can submit to territori
al dismemberment without becoming contempt.
ble in it own eyes and in those of thu
But it le net only against territorial dismember
ment that we are struggling. but against the de•
struction of the eery ground work of our whole
political system. The ultimate question truly at
issue betlie possibility of the permanent existence
of a powerful Republic. That is the question
now to he solved, and by the blessing of God,
we mean that it shall not be our fault if it be
not solved favorably. -
We hare, during the past year, made mighty
strides toward such a soluticm, and to all human
eppeuranee, we approach its completion. But
whatever reverses may happen—whatever blood
and treasure may still be requited—whatever
sacrifices may he necessary—there will remain
the inexorable determination of our 'people to
fight out this thing to tee end—to preserve and
perpetuate this Union. They have sworn that
not one star shall be raft from the constellation,
nor its clustered brigh Incas. 1, 0 dimmed by trea
son and easeigery, and they will keep their oath.
A. 0, CURTIN.
THE REPORT OF BEN, NPOLELLAN,
The report is dated New York, Au
gust 4, 1863. It begins with an al
lusion to the results of the victories
in Western Virginia, which, we learn,
were not won in connexion with any
general en operative plan of action ;
and then goes on to recite the arrival
of Gen. McClellan at Washington af
ter Bull Run ; the organization of the
Army of the Potomac ; the grand
plan laid out for the general cam•
paign of 1861—'62 ; the final invasion
of Virginia in 1862; the Peninsular
movement ; the seven days' battles.
and the short but glorious Maryland
campaign of Septeinher, 1862.
On the let of November General
Meelellan was appointed to the chief
command of all the forces of the Uni.
on, and at once began active opera
tions. The theatre of war had pow
extended about the whole Circumfer
ence of the South, and it became. ne
cessary, as well as practienble, to
plan a large and s , .veeping coin hi na
tion of military operations.
An organization of New England
troops for occupying the coast line of
the South on the. middle Atlantic,
whieli had been suggested by Gener
al .NleClellan in September,lB6l, took
shape .January, 1562,, as an expedi-
Lion under Gen. Burnside, designed
to facilitate the movements of the
main body in Eastern Virginia by - au
occupation of the coast line,. of North
,Carolina, Gen. ,Burnside being or
dared, when shiluld have seized
Newbern, to,oeeupy nod d•zstre , y. the
Weldon and Wilmington railroad, as
far west as Goldsboro, and, should
tlp.atitartisty
A PAM MY PAPRIL FORTOWN AND COUNTNT :
IS PRINTED AND PUBLISHED WEEKLY
By WM. N. BRESLIN,
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BATES OF POSTAGE.
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liiM
In Lebanon County, postage free •
In Pennsylvania, out of Lebanon (minty 87.4 <mato per
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Out of this State, 6% cts. per quarter, or 29 eta a par
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circumstances favor, to push as far a$
Raleigh, Wilmington being, however,
his ultimate objective point.. 'Cau
tion about, proclamation was recom
mended, the General being urged 'to
say as little as possible about politics
or the negro,' and to state, merely
'that the true issue for which we are
fighting is the preservation of the
Union and upholding the laws of the
General government.
At the same time letters were sent
to Gen. HaHeck, (appointed to the
command of the denartment of Mis
souri ;) to Gen. Buell, (in command
of the department of the Ohio;) to
Gen. Sherman, (commanding in South-
Carolina and Georgik 0 and to Gen.
Butler, (commanding the department
of the (Golf.)
Gen. flatlet* was charged with
the duty - of 'reducing chaos to order'
in his department. In respect to
military operations be was ordered
to hold the State by fortified posts
and concentrate his force on the
Gen. Buell was instructed as to the
vast importance of the military oc•
en patio') of Eastern /ion tacky and
Tennessee. In Kentucky itself he
was advised 'the coddatt of our po
litical affairs is perhaps more impor
tant than that of military operations,'
and he was urged to bear in mini
'that we shall most readily suppress
this rebellion and restore the author.
ity of the government by religiously
respecting the constitutional rights
of all.' In accordance with the feet.
ing and opinion of the President'
Gen. McClellan requested Gen. Buell
to assure the 'people of Kentucky
that their domestic institutions will.
in no manner be interfered with ;
and 'to allow nothing but the dic
tates of military necessity' to cause
him to 'depart from the spirit of his
instructions.'
In respect to Tennessee, Gen. Buell
was ordered to throw the mass of his
troops 'by rapid marches by Cum
berland to Walker's Gap, on Knox
ville, in order to occupy the railmad
at that point,' and , cut the commu
nieation between Eastern Virginia
and the Mississippi! Gen. Buell was
further counselled to avoid 'widening
the breach existing between us and
the rebels' by 'causeless arrests and
persecutions of individuals: 'I have
always found,' says Gen. McClellan,.
'that it is the tendency of subordi
nates to make vexatious arrests on
mere suspicion.'
Gen. Sherman was advised that
the favorable movement for a coup
de fiwin against b'aviinnarr -- Irsda Veen
lost, and that the best course before
him Would be 'to isolate and reduce
Fort Pulaski.' • But the 'reduction of
Charleston and its defences' was held
up as the great moral advabtage to
be sought for, and this was stated to
be an object for which Gen. McClel
lan was actively maturing his combi
nation. Gen. Butler was instructed
as to the obstacles to he encountered
in reducing New Orleans, and vas
ordered, as soon as possible after the
fall of that city, to 'seize all the ap
proaches leiiding to it from the East,
and particularly 'Jackson, in Missis
sippi,' with an ultimate view as well
to the caftare of 'Mobile ad to the
opening of the Mississippi.
The instructions thus issued to the
gen'ls named comprehend the entire
scope of the plans of Gen. McClellan.
of which plans the movement of the
Army of the Potomac under his own
orders was the central feature. It
was considered by him neeessary to
the success of those plans that they
should be carried out simultaneously,
or as nearly so as possible, and ,the ad
vance of the Potomac Army up.:n
RiehnT6nd by the lower Rappahan
nock was kept in hand by him, to bu
delivered as the decisive blow in con
junction with all the rest of the gen
eral movement.
Passing over Gen. MeClellan's full
and elaborate account of the consul
tations and operations which preced
ed the advance to Manassas, March 9,
1862, we find this advance was in
tended by him merely to occupy the
troops during the preparations for
the Peninsula campaign, therm fully
decided upon.
Gen..ll.l'Clellan reached the Pepin. ,
sula with 85,000 effectives early in
April. Ile gives his reasons for not
assaulting the works at Yorktown,
describes the battle at Williamsburg
with special praise of Gen. Hancock,
and recites the advance tollichmond.
The siege of that city is narrated at
length, sad the "change of base,"
with 'its attendant battles from Me
chanicsville, fought June 26, to Mal
vern Hill, fought July 1,1862. "This
closed," says Gen.. M'Clellan, "the
hard fighting which had continued
from the afternooon of the 26th Jane,
in a series of engagements wholly un•
paralleled on this continent for the
determination and slaughter on, both
sides." -
July 4th, the General telegraphed
to the President that he occupied at
liarrison's Bar positions "which
could be carried only by overwhelm•.
ing numbers" 4 .th e spirit of the army,'
he tickled, "is ewcelient; stragglera
are - finding their regiments and Wei
soldiers exhibit the best resuits of
dicipline." Be thus sums up [llO
sults, of the brief but fierce cam
paign
"I cannot now approximate to fly
statement of our losses; but we-were
not beaten in any conflict. The ene
my, were unable by their utmost ef
forts to drive us from the 4eid. - *
We have lost no guns except twenty
on the field of battle, twenty-one
of k-hicb•wers lost by-the giving way
M'Call's . division- under the onset
of- superior nomberti. the
'circunistances'of the oase'areknoiva
it will be acknowledged by all 'enp-i-