selfito the topics embraced in his original
letter. He haS extended them, and now
for, the first time; and in a sarcastic and
no lihdly spirit, refers to the alleged
stealing of public arms by Secretary Floyd
and their . transportation, to the South in
anticipation. of the rebellion. The most
conclusive answer rolthis allegation is that
•notwithstandingthe boasting of Mr. Floyd
at IVehmortd,.evidently with the view of
conciliating his new allies, cited by the
General-as his authority, no public arms
Were eVerstolen. This fact is established
the report'of the Committee on Military
Affairs of the ,House of Representatives,
now
,before me, made , by Mr. Stanton,
of Ohio., their chairman, on the 18th of
February,AB6l, - and to be fbond in the
second volume of the Reports of Com—
inittees Ofthe House for the session of 18-
60---:61. This report and the testimony
before'the .committee established:—
''l7"That the Southern States received in
1860 leis'instend of more than the - quota
of arms to which they were entitled by
laiir; and that three of them—North . Car
olina, Mississippi, and Kentucky—receiv
ed no arms whatever, and this simply be
cause they did not ask fin. them. 'Well
may Mr. Stanton have said in the House,
"that there are a gOod deal of rumors and
speculations and misapprehension as to
the true state of facts in regard to this
matter."
2. Secretary Floyd, under suspicious
circumstances, on the 22d December; 18
60, and but a few days before he left the
Department, had, without the knowledge
of the President, ordered one hundred and
thirteen (113) columbiads and eleven (11)
thirty-two pounders to be transported
from-Pittsburg to Ship Island and Golves
ton, in" 11Iississippi and Texas. This fact
was - brought to the knowledge of 'he
President by a communication from Pitts
burg ; and Secretary Bolt immediately
thereafter countermanded the order of his
predecessor, and the cannon were never
sent. The promptitude with which we
acted elicited a Vote of thanks, dated on
the - 4th of January , 1861, from the Select
and COmmon Councils of that city "to the
President, the Atiorney General, and the
acting Secretary of War,7; (Mr. Holt.)
After this statemet.t how shall we account
for tile explicit declaration ofGeneral Scott
that, "accidentally hearing early in March
that under this posthumous order (that of
.
Mr -Floyd of the 22d Decrmber) the ship
ment of these guns had commenced, I
communicated the fact to Secretary Holt
(acting for Secretary Cameron,) just in
time to defeat the rohberyl" And this is
the same Secretary Holt who had counter
manded "the posthumous order" in De
ceinher: And strange to say. these guns,
but-for the alleged interposition of Gen.
Scott; -were about to be sent so late as
March from the loyal States, in thOse over
which Jefferson Davis 'had then for some
time presided 1
Had Gen. Scott reflectedfor a moment
he could not have fallen into this blundir.
It is quite manifest he was "without a
printed document and my (his) own offi
cial papersi'•
.3. The Government had on hand, -
in tbd year 1859, about 500,000 old
muskets, which had been condemned
"as Unsuitable to public service," uh.
dar the act of 3d of March, 1825.
They - were of such a character that,
although offered both at public, and
priyatij - sale for $2 50 each, purcha
sets Could not be obtained at tliat
rate, except for . a - comparatively
smalrriumber: Oh' the ..30th Of No
vember, 1859, Secretary Floyd order
ed ens-fifth of the whole number
(105,000) to be sent from the Spring
.field'artuory, Ttrhete 'they bad, (teen
mulated,-to. five .Southern arsenals,
"in proportion to their respective
means of proper storage.". This or
der Was carried into effect by the
Ordnance - Bureau in the usual course
of. administration, and. without . refer
encte.to the President. -It is but jus
tipe,to say. that from the testimony .
before the-committee there is. ne .rea.
son:to .
suspect that . Secretary Floyd
iseued this order froM any. sinister
motive. Its date was months before
Mr. Lincoln's nomination for the
Presidency, and:nearly a year before
hie election, and whilst the - Secretary
wasetill an.avowed opponent of se
cession. Indeed, the. -testimony, of
Colonel Craig . and Capt. Maynodier,
orthe Ordnance, before the totnonit,
tee is. wholly inconsistent-
. wita any
evil intention on his part.
And yet these "condemned mus
kets,?' with a few thousand ancient
riffes of a calibre then no longer us
ed, are transformed by General Scott
into "115;00 . 0 extra muskets and rifles,
with all thei,:implementi and a 111111Uni
ion' This is the - first time I have
heard—certainly there was nothing
of the kind. before the committee—
that.ammtinition was sent-with these
condemned:and inferior arms to their
placesorstorage—just as though they
had-been-intended, not for sale but
for, immediate use in the field: The
truth is, that it is impossible to steal
arms:and transport them from one
depository to another • without the
knowled.ge and active participation
of the officers of the Ordnance Bu
reau, both in Washington and at
these depositories. It may be obser
ved that-Colonel Craig, the head of
tho Bureau, at this period-was as cor
rect:an .officer and as loyal and as
bonesta - man as exists in the country.
You'll, very respeotfully,
JAMBS BUCHANAN.
Wheat!and, near Lancaster, Nov. 11
MORE MONEY WA NTED.—The Wash.
ingtOn eorrespimdence of the Boston
Herald states that the Commission
ers . unuer the act emancipating the
slaves in the District of Columbia
haye;cotnpleted their labors. Over
three thousand slaves have been fi•eed
by - them; and while the price paid for
each .is on an average only about one:
balfOr two;tbirds their estimated val
ue, the appropriation of one 'million
dollars; -, has fallen' far short of the
amount' required, -and. nearly half a
million moie will have to be appropri.
ated- for that object. Rump Con.
grass noW in session will have no hes
itation 'in - voting the same:
. .
Concerning; the drafting gamblers
for soldiers, Vanity Fair thinks they
would not be of much service, except
in the case' of another Indian, out
break whet; it would be quite'the
thing to send a brigade of BlaCklegs
to fight the Blackfoot.
:t7, fban.tht 314ar.rii,t;:
. ~s!~~'! -..~ ..
'WOHIN DEMDCZAT/C PrCixcrpr.es CEA* TO LEAD, IVE CEASE
TO rolLow."
Ectioi'and.iroprietor.
LEBANON, PA.
WHDIVESDAY, DECI?,:4IB - 11, 3. 1367-.-
. .
V...V"TheCou'rier sa3.B,"wheri Abra
hare Lincoln came into power
found the terrible -rebelliori fully or
ganized and prepared forllie destrac-:
Lion of the Gbve.roirrent."
Abraham said when he
came into pocirerthat there :is -"noth
ing going wrong; that there noth ,
ing that really - hurts 'anybdtly ; that
nobody is stalling anything?' , • -
We .await an explanation from one
or both of these parties. T our mind.
neither knows,anything of the state
of the country now, nor did they;
then. '-
The drafted militia of this
State are all oredred to Washington:
D'A r , The War Department has or
dered the release of all tivilians in
the military prisiins of Forts 'Warren,
Lafayette, &e. Their imprisonment
was as arbitrary an
,art as ever dis
graced this country, and now they
were only released from fear of Dein.
oeratie thunder. Justice , will yet
overtake the Despots. . .
ANOTHEN EMANCIPATION PROCLA.
MATION.---r-On the first of January,
nest, with , the installation .of Gov.
Seymour, arbitrary arrests im•
prisonment, will he abOliShed in the
State of NeW H York, unless some one
of the Secretaries may show himself
there, when the writ of habeas corpus ,
will
be suspended in'his case the
purpose of hindering the dogs biting
him. -
- Xrr - Military Govern ^ ap;
issued a ProclamaW!
the loyal citizens of V , :„1 ,
Congressional districtS t*4ll:l : giaria
to send representatives t) Congress
The third-of December is set apart
as election day. This is a scheme
to foist some Yankee fanatic upon
the National Treasury to draw $3,000
a year, and help 115 put through some
more of the nigger schemes of the
Administration. Legally, the milita
ry Governor of Louisiana- has no
more right to call a Congressional
election than we have.
121E‘,- There is a:Areat dea:l, T of trouj
hle at Harrisburg . with, the drafted
men.. Three companiesi of
~ provo§t
guards are on duty to prevtint their
escape: DesertiOns 'take place every
night, and it is supposed that the
*hole number. of deSertions up to this
time is not less than :2000. On Fri
day•night a. conscript attempted t 6
eseape, , *hen be was shot, in the ;leg,
and it is f&iiired: that tie - jnjured linib
will . have'; to he amputated. This
eh . ootirkg._ereated intense : indiga . ation:
among the militia, and: it: was te.ared!
at=one time.that a general rjet would
be the result: • ' :"' • '•
Site' The ; Republicans; Want then
sent 'to congress from Florida, Louis
iana, and other States who "will .sus
twin the principles and the policy
(the nigger) of the present adinjnis r
tratiOn." They had better ,sendthe'n
to sustain:the principle's and peliey.
the Constitution and free government.;
The present adnimiStration will not
and connot -be 'sustained; its princi
ples and policy; are subversive of all
true government. For proof thereof
see the inisserable condition to •which
it has ; brought: the country by its
this•governthent. ;=
John Van. Buren declares
the first man, (whether Secretary or
otherwise,) whb had a hand in the ar.
bitrary arrests and imprisonments in
New York State, who sets . his foot on
the soil of that state, will be arrested
and served as the law direets 'law
breakers generally to be served.
se- Among the principle lessons
taught by the late elections is this,
that the people are loyal to their gov
ernment, but, opposed to the adminis
tration ; and that bastiles-and .bayo.
nets are not weapons in a free govern
ment to make . a free people support a
tyranical administration. , .
tm., The latest news from 'the Ar
my of the Potomac are to the effect
that "all is quiet, along : the; lines,"—
Gen. Burnside was in Washington; on
Friday consulting with the President.
New rebel earthworks are appearing
daily- at Fredericksburg. It is said
that Gen. Lee has been ordered to
crive i us battle on the . Rappahannock,
and that Jaeison, Hill and Stuart are
to forna -hisleft wing. Gen. Burnside
is said to - be prepared for the: work
before him. The rebels 'are said to
be well clothed and provisioned, - and
80,000 strong, at Fre,derieksburg.
Democratic 7'riumAs in ConnOticut.
—The Democrats carried the town elec-•
at Haiti - or() last
,A4cindaY . by 224
clear majority on the first Seleettnari, arid'
400 majority on Collector.. Tbe entire
Democratic ticket is vlected for the first
time in the fall for twenty yedis.
At the 'charter election in Norwalk, the
entire Deniocratic ticket was alsn'elected
by a large majority,
McClellan's Disobedience.
I ti t appears that McClellan did diso
befOrders, tinder the TO!ldiving eit.-
:curnstlinces. The Albany Aq'tth says:
While engaged hi the battle of An
tietatn, McClellan received repeated
instructions from Washington that
Lee's movement in his front was but
a feint, and that his design was to at•
tack . Washington with thoimain body
of the rebel army. McClellan was
instructed to fall back immediately
to the defence of the Capital-!
If he had ToHewed the . order—be:
gotton of ignoranm and - -fianie—he
would have-fallen back only to find
his : retread converted, tO , d-rout, his
army. destroyed, and I.lle.rebelS
session:-of -Maryand ; with the isolat:
ed national Capita Lin their prover.
Me:.disregarded these unwise in
strucitions,..folight 'and won -the bat
tle, drovethe'enenly from Maryland,
and - saved the Capital.• -
. . .
For this; little`nien:at Washington
remoted hint,,and their. • toadies and
dcpcitidents tin the country
applaud. the act; an d 'to, :outdo their
masters in the little business of pull:
ingtOwn truly great inen, .arctidding
insult to
,injury by dCnouncing,.Me-
Clellan .as a semi•traitor. But, tire
people. are ,yet the :supreme power' in ,
theland, despite .the - effi.irts amt. Ilacti
been madd'tO . pOt a yoke upon their
tieqcSotnd the time is not far distant
when they will assert . power,
fight wrong, and assign both to Mc-
Clellan and his detractors the
,places
to Which they properly belong.
se— The following appears among
the late batch of news received from
New Orleans
A. DISLOYAL NEWSPAPER SUPPRESSED.
rfEADQUATFMOS DEPAIMIKST „OF THE
RW Once.txs, INarCmber, 4,1862.
Special Orders . 518.—The Daily
Advocate nosing, afte'r warning,: pub
lished theTollowing •
~T HE- 1 3ALLOT BOX
"This palladium of liberties this charter
of our .rights, IldiS emblem of Democrecy,.has
been speaking in a voice of thunder, as we knew
it would if the people could be aroused from its
slumber. It hos been our unceasing endeavor to
awake -them throughout the not
"We were the first todell our readers of its sue.
cess in Pennsylvania, Ohio and Indiana, and now
we hare gratifying reports from - Illinois, New
Jersey, and New . York. - If these reports are con
firmed, an armistice'Will soon folloW. Negotia-
tions being once. commenced, there will not be
any more fighting. -Whether an armistice results
froin the democratic success, Or from foreign in
tervention, we shall ha it as a peace meaSure to
be welcomed by all partios.-”:
The publication of that journal will
be discontinued from this date.
By .command of Major General
Butler.: . :
GEO. C. STRONG', A. A. General:
One, half of the fellows now in pow
or, if not 'scamps, aro foole—amorig
the latter Gen. 'BUtlei Tanks prdini.:
nenitly. As leng as he was a.Demo.
crat. he was's; pretty sensible man,
but since- lie. has. got into theAboli.,
Lion throng be must- haVe.got crazy.
A.peing ROyitity.
The Military Eseort of the President
The Chkago Post hires the follow•
ing account of the military escort of
the President
We spent a few days recently - at
Washington City, and while there
saw Many things and heard many
thiags .- which,to sebtped very.sug
gestive,,evidence of the extraordina
progreSS,withwitieh the nation is,
rushing onward in its history. The
~
pre'sence of an armed guard at .the
gates of the .IXecative Mansion every
merning, and the care taken to keep
strangers outside of the _approaches
to the building, was to us something
new. .Upon inquiry, we ascertained
that this briar ti ! Was only .employed
to keep strangers out until the Presi
dent should arrive froth the Soldier's
Mine, Where he has reSided for lila :
ny Months.. We . saw him leave on
Sunday afternoon,and the manner
was as follows': ibOut half,past five
in the afternoon a moo ofeif guard,
numbering some thirty or more
troopers, all armed : With drawn sa
bres, extensive spears, dangling and
rattling seal. bards, fierce beards,
.and revolvers stuck In their holsters;
. dashed furiottsly through the streets,
.and entered the ground north of the
President's houSe: At the steps in
front of the door, and 'under : the areh
way,. was a carriage. The officer, or
one of the - officers of the mounted
guard; -allighted and - entered the
houSe. Inabout ten Minutes he ap
peared at the door, and giving the
'signal, the 'carriage door was opened,
the guards pat - themselves in Martial .
attitudes, commands were given, and
then the President, appeared .with a
portfolio wider his arm, and, with
-- one or more soldiers at each side,
walked rapidly - to , the carriage' and
entered it. The officers jumped in
also, the door was slammed, the giaird
galloped into, position, and' the ear
tinge containing the President of the
United States was, driven off; prece
ded by .troopers, fol,lo*ed by troop
ers,. and flanked' on both . sides by
troopers. At a very rapid pace,- the
party left the grouad;aod upon reach
ing - the 'Avenue proceeded at a hand
gallop out Emirteenth street towards
the Soldiers' Home,
NtimberiofSicli & WoOnded
• There are now in the 150 general
'hospitals of the *United States, 60,515
sick and wounded soldiers, of these
12;655 are in the 'Western Depart:-
ineets- 17,214 in WashingtOn and vi•
cinity, and the remainder in the vari
ous general hospitals throughout the
Atlantic and Gulf States. To,itttend
theSe properly it is neeessary to keep_
employed a foroe of 400 . 6teWards, 600
ward masters, 6051 male' and feinale
nurses, 3025 . " lauttiddresees, and 2017 .
cooks, Making a:total of 72,308 non
coMbatants,.although Medical officers
are nut includ - ed. :11 to these are added,
the sick in the l'jepartrnent of the'Pa- -
elfin :and New Me.x,rcn, these . at hoMe
and in regimental, brigade, diVision
'army corps an,d private hospitals,
there is no dOubt that:,the number
Would be swelled to 100,000.—Anzen%,
can Medical Times, NoveMber 15th,
FRAUD IN PRTNTINO 13:„ S., TriBAS
UAY Norm—Serious charges have
been preferred :against the contrac
tors fi:ir printing the Treasury Notes
and small surrency. They.received
the highest prices for paper, and are
using a very inferior n The on.
graving is said to be even worF!,e.—
Some of it, which is contracted to be
don,e.on the "eccentric lather is pro.
duce& by ;what is called a " rose," un
instrument in the hands of every
Connterfeiter and jeweler. ManY or
the designs are'f roM old dies, Which
haVe been ifiultipli&i by,thouSands.- -
The:ink:is claimed to be patent, but
on most of the notes is. npt ~reeJa, as
is tan genuine, and as lias . been'teSted
here by chemists, and foUnd to be of
a spurious nature=a great . saVing to
the 'contractors.:. When ~C ongress
Meets we May Mayo SOnie strange ( - .lc;
Veiopements. - -.lYal
.IVII6 knows-to what amount Conn:
terf6iting be done, Or: to what;
extentgovernment Molloy inay bo:in
circulation that is not accounted fer
at the deriirt; ni ?
TO WHAT ':11 - : THEY LOYAL
%Vbitt ate . Abolition ists loyitt To - the'
Constitution 'A They have sOpend2
ed it! To the , Union-? They bald
preciaiiit'that . they are net for the
Union awiit vOts.: , To- :the -
States?- . ---
They, propose':.te plot,out State lines!
Te 4:: the Gove(1; en t ? T hey • ignore
Llit+tws of (* •
gross, and-scorn the
dedisions /if-14
,Saprethe Conn ! To'
the..Prosideatl, They propose to , de_
Pose him if he does' not obey thern
Mitipepikee Neaps'.
" (4
ANOTHE 1
R , - F ONSPI RAC radi•
cal papers charge that since tlie•reeent
elections' a conspiracy has been set
on foot to rkstore the Union.
oz:r We observe by the Washing
ton -Correspbi)dent of the - Herald',
that Mrs. Li4oln has presented the
runaway negqoes, now in- Washing
ton, with $2O), to: buy clothing "and
food for wintr.
i'7•-• The 2tfcession of the With -
Con
gress met at irashington on Monday.
The Pregiden ' amputate was sent in
yesterday (1.4 sday.) We Alai! pub.
lishT it next wick. if - the country pan
survive. the- *gisiation of the next
three Monthsttpwill have some hope
for the future . .
-P. B.—lt . wqs sent, in on Monday,
and here it is;-- - -- '' .
PRESID7T'S • MESSAGE. --
-
Fellow.:CilizensV Me Senate'
• and Ifo.e. of Representatives :
Since your las',annual assembling ano
ther year of heal It and bountiful harvests
has passed. An ' a while it has not pleased
the Almighty tolfess us with a return of
peace, we can ha-lin:so on, guided .by 'His
best light He 4res us, trusting that in
His own good-1;0c ; and wise way, all will
yet be well. I . ' . .
The eorresponence touching foreign af
fairs which has t ken place during the last
. 1 0,
year is lie.rewiti", 'imitted,-in Virtual coin
pliance.with a r - nest to that effect, made
by the House oq Representative near the
close of the last i l .‘ssiSit of Congress. .
If the conditi'n of our relations with
other nations is.'-les 4 -gratilyiiig ilfan it is
usually been at'lUe - r periods, it is cer
tainly moi.e.satisftiCtory than • a.nation so
unhappily distracted as we are mightresson
ably have apprehtimied. In the month of
June last, there : Wer some grounds to ex
pect that the maritime powers which at
th e beg-hini t ,gof. oi : domestic dillleultie'o,
so unwisely and mineces.sarilyms we think,
recognized-the ineUrgents as a belligerent,
would. soon -recede:4'l.om that posit ion,which
'has proved only 14s:injurious to- them
-selves than to our; oiVit country. lot. the
temporary reverses fx bich afterwards-be
fell the national arm + arid which were ex
aggerated by our aim disloyal citizens
abroad, have hitherld delayed that act of
eimple'justiee... , ' . -
The civil 'war which has so 'radically
changed for the moment the occupations
and lalbits of the American people, has ,
!necessarily disturbed the, social condition,
and affected very deEply the prosperity of
the nations with wl4ll we have carried - on
a commerce tliat;bas been steadily increa
sing throughout - a ptlriod of half a century.
It has, at the seine time; excited political
ambitions and apprehensions which have
produced a profound agitation threugout
the civlized world.,ln this unusual agitation
we have forbOrire from taking Part : in any
controversy hetwben fOreign 'States, and
between parties or factions in suet] States.
We have attempted no propauuudism, and
acknowledged no revolution. c• ltut we have
left, to every natiou the exclusive fronduct
and management airs own affairs. Our
straggle has been, of course, contempl - ated.
by foreign nations with reference less'„to its
owe merits'than tO'its'suppoted, and often
exaggerated, effects and consequences-re=
Suiting to those nations themselves.—
Nevertheless;complaint on the part of this
goverement. even if it were just, would
certainly be unwise.
The treaty with Great Britain for the
suppression of the slave trade has been
put into operation, with a .gttod prospect
of complete success. It, is an occasion of
special pleasure to acknowledge that the
execution .of it on: the part of Iler
ly's government has been marked with a
jealous respect for tho r •ttuthority of the
United States, and i.he rights of their moral
.and loyal citizens.
The Convention with Hanover for the
abolition or the Stadt dues has been ,mr
tied into Ml effect under the act of con•
gress fur that purpose.
A blockade of Once thousand miles of
sea-coast could not be established-and rig
orously enforced in a season of greut.com
rnercial activity like the p.'esent without
committing, occasional mistakes and inflict
ing unintentional injuries upon foreign ua- ,
tious uml their subjects:
A civil war occurring in a country where
foreigners reside and carry on trade under
treaty. stipulations, is necessarilyfruitful of
complaints of the-.violution of neutral
riuhts. All such collisions tend to eseite
misapprehensions, and possibly to produce
mutual reeriwinat:ons - between "uatious
which have a common interest in preserving
peace and friendship. I.n.c,lear cases orthis
kind 1 have,so far as possible, heard and re
dressed complaints which. have 4eou pre
sented by friendly powers. There • still;
however, a large and iiugineutiog number
of doubtful cases upon which the,Govern
recut is unable to agree with the govern-
meatswhose protection is demanded by
the:claimants. There are, moreover, many
cases in which the United States, or their
citizens, suffer wrongs from. the. naval or
military authorities:Of foreign nations,which
the gOvernmeuts of those states are not.at
once prepared to redress. 'l, have proposed
to some'of the foreign States thus
mutual cOnveutiou's to examine-I.nd adjust
such complaints. This proposition has
been matte especially - to ilreat Britain, to
France, to Spain and. to Prussia.: ln each
case it has been kindly received, but has
not yet been forthally adopted.
I deem it my duty to recommend an
prom bigot/ in behalf of the owners of the
Norwegian bark Admiral I'. Tordiuskiold,
which vessel was, in May, 1861 prevented
by the commander of the blockading , force
otr Charleston front le.avitig that port with
a cargoototwitlist ending, a.t . siniilar privilege
had, shortly before, been granted to an
English vessel. 1 have directed the Sec
retary of State. to cause the papers in the
case to bp communicated to the proper
committees.
Applications have been made to me by
many free Americans of African descent to
favor their emigration, with.a view to such
colonizatiour as was contemplated in re
cent acts of Cong ress. .other ip.tities, at
home and abroad—some from interested
motives, others upon patriotic considera
tions, and still others influenced by philan
thropic sentiments—have suggested simi
lar measures; while on the other hand, sev
eral of the Spanish-American republics
have protested against the sending of such
colonies to their reSpeetive territories. Un
der these circumstances, I have declined to
m ye any such colony 'to any. state, With
out first obtuining•the consent of its gov
ernment, with an agreement on its part to
receive . and protect such emigrants in all
the rights or freemen ; and I .have, .at
,the
same - time, offered to the several states
situated within 'the tropics, or having
colonies there, to negotiate with them, sub
ject to the advice and consent of the Sen
ate, to favor the. voluntary emigration -of
persons of that class to their respective
territories, upon conditions that shall be
equal, just and humane. Liberia and
.Ilayti
are, as yet, the only countries to which col
onies of African descent from here could
go with certainly `of being received and
adopted as citizens ; and I regret to say, that
such persons as contemplate colonization,
Jo not stein so willing to migrate to• those
countries as to some others,-nor so willing
as I think their interest demands. Dbe
lieve, however, the opinion among them, in
this respect, is improving, and that crc
long there will be an augmented - end con
siderable emigration to both these countries
from the Unite&Sta;.es.
The new commercial treaty between the
United States and the Sulttiu of Turlie - y
has veal? curried into:execution: • :
A conan . aicial and consular treaty has
been negotiated, subjec.t. to. the Senate's
consent, witALiberia and a sitnilar nego
tiation isno.w pending with the Republic
of Hayti; A. considerable improveineo., of
the national commerce is expected, to re
sult from these measures.
Our relations with . Great Britain, Prante,
Spain, Portugal, Russia, Prussia, Denmark.
Sweden, Austria, the Netherlands,. Italy,
Rome, anti the other European States, re
main ' undisturbed. Very faiorable rela
tions also continue to. be maintained with .
Turkey, ttl °roue°, China, and Japan.
During the last year there has not 'only
been no change of cur previous relations
with the independent States of our own con
tinent , but more friendly sentiments than•
have heretofore existed are believed to. be
entertjtic.l by these neighbors, whose
safety and progress arc so intimately con.
nected with out• own. This: statement es .
pecially applies to MeN:co, Nicaragea,
Costa Rica, llouduras, Peru ;
The commission under the convention.
with the Republics or New. Granada closed
its session without having andited and pass-.
ed upon all the claims which were submit
ted to it. A. proposition is pending to re•
vive the convention, that it may be able
to do more complete justice.
The joint commission between the Uni
ted States and the Republic of Costa Rica
has completed its labors and submitted its•
report.
•
havefavored : the project for connec
ting the United States with Europe by uu
Atlantic telegraph, and a similar project to
extend the telegraph from Sin Francisco to
connect. by a Piicifie telegraph - with the
line w.hieh is being extended across the
Russian Ehipire..
The -Territories of: the, United . States,
wish unimportant exceptions, have remain
ed. undistut lied by the civil tear, end they
are exhibiting such evidence of prosperity
us justifies an- expectation that some of
them soon be in a conditiiiii to be or.
Slates., and be constitutionally
edinittedluto the Federal Union.
Thu isteineum mineral istoureei of some of' these
Terrttori•le Might to ifs dereto,iet as raptAly ad possible.
Eve, y ateplu that direction wooed hea d a tentletloy't s
i:11 : reeve the revenues of the dovernmeut and diminish
ieu dens Or r the people. It le worthy of your iserloo a
requii-ieratinsi 'whether ;while extneordinary , measures.
iu pro site that. end caueeot be adopted. The.noutos
whirb suegeats it-elf ne inast liked,' to bu elfectie., lii,
seitfietifle exploration of thu mineral regions in those
Territories, with a, view to the poblication of Its results
la dune Mal tit foreign cuuntriee—resulte which. Min e /
not Intl to be sethopiciullS .
The rouditidu ut the linandes will claim yolk - most di
ligent coned teration.• Toe yam expenditure/a incident
to the military and naval operations :required, for the
supprersow or the rebellion. bare hitherto beets' meet
slip prosn.titude *ad certainty unusual In eiruliar
rtrenusetences,• end the public credit hes been lolly
ortlittalisud. ii. cuntinusece of Ulu war. however,
mot the increaeo disburse/neut.) wade bet:elide ry by the
.au • Intuited :oriel, now in toe • dold, denims , ' your beau
redeCtiOue ea L4.4the hen mode. of providing she
t °venue, without injury to tosiatent, and with the .
[meat potsitele burdens upon labor.
Thu emomendon ,uf attache payments by the , banks,
soon after the CoMtnetleeltieut of your lost etteelon.
Matta large it4.4titt of the United State.: notes ne l av o tdo.
blo. In uo other way could the payment of the troops.
awl . the :at lifict ion of other Jost rittesautte be .-co Vcolt•
nuairally, or eo sell providedl or -The jade:dons logic
laths:. of Congruent, vele:tiring tile receivetuility of tl,oao
news fur loans out] internal deities, and cooking them
a legal sunder for tiler debt:, hoe made the tie uttivvr
teal awl hay altilded.iturti.tily. at least. and.
for the thud. the long felt Gant of all UllirOrm eircul
Ong medium, easing thereby LO thu pimple, Immunise
sums in d v.cone t and exeltatigeti
A return to specie p queen hi, however, at t he earliest
period cenepatiblu without, regard to all the interests
ocncerned should over ue kept in View. giuctuatione• in
the aloe of cur *me) era alwere 'Outten:L.l,e Ml„te ree
duce three AncttiuNuaa ID the lottrt-et - poWtibitt point will
always be a lending purpose in wise IrcsiaLion. • Con
vertlbi Ity, prompt mid certain convertibility into coin.
is generally acknowledged to bu the best nod sorest
safeguard against them ; - and it is • extremely dooln pal
whether* circulation of United Stains notes pegable
he coin, and sum dently large fur the wan sof the pelt.
pio.ean tee permanently. wefeelly and safely oe ne t t t ied.
Is Op rei. then, env other mode iu which the mem entry
provlshees for the public wants can tee mode. and the
sorest advant.igeaof aide' anti nollersu currency se
cured? •
.s
I know °rummer web ch promises such certain results.
and ht,at the mane thee...) uueljectiposide, as the or
genie thus of banking assoclatiestia, under a general
net of Cougre , s, well guarded 'to its prOrlidOits. To
.esich meete.liettlollll th • government night furnish circus
Ineittg mitee on the security of Uuftel States bonds
depoeitsel iu the trees eery. These not IL pro;tared un
der the superilalon of the .proper officers. being uni
form ill appearance and aecurity, en I convertible kl.
wage into Cllllll, .0•11 , 1 at nice protect labor again it the
twill c.f.& vicious currency. old facilitate c On mem) by
clienpAnd cafe each:loges •
A tooderete reoerv.ition from. the interest on the,
bOtlfill would compensate the United Stares for the pre
panition and distribution, of the notes, led : a general
supervision of the eyeblt. and would lighten the,
burden or that part of the' public credit. moreover,
would be greatly Improved, Ana the nee Clifton of new.
limns greatly (militated by the steely market dematl•
ed for government timid,' which the edopthiu of the
promised eyetetu mould create.
It is an Additional recommendation of the in .amts,
of considerable wolght, in my judgment. tuat It would
reconcile, as faros tiowitile, ell existing interests. by .
the opportunity cif,red to exleti ng institutions ih rant
gen'se under, the eat, cubstitutiug only the il , cured
uttif.rm national circulation for the vocal and carious
circolstionc, secured and unsecured, 'lll.lhl 111.10*/ by
them
The receipt,: into the treatney from :all sources Nein..
ding Inane. end beinucerfrem. the preceding year, for
the fiscal 'ear ending on the 30th of June. 1802. were
$683.880,247 ti 6; of MiliCil antn549.066,879 02 'ware de
deed f.Otn Cnttocue, $1,795.331.74 from the direct tax;
from public; lands. $152 2173 77 ; from mlsoellsneous
'itre a, $931.787 61; from losna to all funne.ss29 602,
46660. The remainder, $3,287,085 80, was this balance
from last year.
The diebunsetneete during the acme period voro
For Cengreeeitnet, Executive and Ju•
dicial purpose. •
For foreign io !eremites
. —.
For nilecollansOn . exp nea,, 0 Deluding
the min tit, lonup..peet office dotos da _
dee. c..lloction of revenues pod other
like charges.)
Exponsou oudor tlso Its tenor Depart.
:tient
Under the War Department.....
Under tho Navy Department
For futsrest on Cho pul•lic debt........
For payment of the poldlo debt..includ•
log the reimbursement of the tempo- ..
rary lam end rodeenptioue....... ......... 96:096.922 00
Making an aggregates)! WO 841.700 25
And leerfug.a balence in the Treasury on the let.day
of July, 1862, of $13.043,546 Al.
It should be observed that the Ruin of 96,096 •
922.00. expended for the reimbursement and redemp
tion of 06 ;attain debt, being Included oleo in theloaus
made; iday b properly deducted both from the receipt's
and tkitpeodito reit, leaving the . act aaViaceipts "for, the
year, $487,788,326.97, and the expendituw, $414,744-
778.16,
Other hirortnltlon on tbo oultiect or the Seance' will
_ .
be found in the report of t h@ Secretary of the Treasury
to wh6se statements end viiiTt'S I invite your moot C4U
did add considerate eaten tilt).
Thu reports of the oecreteries of War and of the
Navy aro herewith trsosmitted. Thole teporto though
lengthy. are ec.lcaly morn then hetet oh:tracts of the
very numerous and eltenftiro tretualaCtleitti and opera•
tiou■ conducted I.ll.ough these departments.
Nor could 1 Kist sum 'may or them here upon any
principle which would morn of it le..iog wash ehurttr
them the report,. theuts.•lres. 1 therefore CiMteist my
suit with is) lug t'sn ripens before you, end nektug your
~tteution
It ttiVes mu illetottrnto r part a decl•led improvement
in the financial condition of the Poet Office Department,
en compared with neveral preceding years. Thu receipts
for the &ICA yeai 1861 amounted to .%: 14 9; 296 1 41 , ‘'hwl ,
embraced the ICVeil , e from all the Stales of t h e Union
ler three-qe.erterts of that year. Islinvritirstanding the
ceeettlien of revenue Tram the etectlled seceded States
during the last /Lica year. the increase of the correspon
dence of the loyal Suites has been flea :lota to produce it
revenue during the ittnie year of $8,141e,8.:0 WI, being
ouly Sho,ooo lees then wni derived from all the Stated of
the Union the previous year. 7 lats'expenditur
• show a still more -Gsvurable.eresult. The4unoutrt ex
pended in 1881 'wa5k613,13013,5110 I For the bast year the
amount lute been reduced to $11,125,164 13, blaming a
' decrease of shout 2481,000 iu the expenditures as eons
' retrial with the prwesling year, and Mann $3.,1'.0,1.,00 its
coiipaned With the flec:d year.lB6o. The deficiency in the
• tfityiartitienefliithe previous year was $1551,986 DS. For
tlielast fiscal year it was reduced to $2,11-,8 4 87
These favorable ruse Iteare le part ovriug to the cessa-
Con of Mail service in theinsurreetionary States, and iu
part to it careful review of all expenditures in that de
partment lit the Internet of ecouwity. The efficiency of
the pedal service. it ie helieved, 113.11 also been fnuch ion
petered. The Postmlulter General has also ope&sct n Cor
reepondence, through the Department of State, with for.
sign governments,.propOsing a convention of pee. al rep
: rotuutativen for'the purpette of eituplifying the rates of
foreign POstage, and to expedite the foreign mails. This
propueition, equally . importitut to our adopted citizens,
and to the commercial intereets of this country, has been
favorably untertalued, stud agreed to. by alt tho goveru
mentelrom whole replies have halm received.'
I milt the uttention of Congress to the suggestions of
the Post maeter-General in his repstrt• respecting the fur
-1 titer legislation required, In hisoplition, for the benefit of
the Nona' service.:
The Secretary of the Interior reports as follows in re
gard to the public lauds:
The public land, haVecessed to be a scourers ofrevir,ue.
rrom the let of July, Dila, to the 30th of September,
Biel, the entire mat recuip a from the sale of beds were
$137,41% 20.-,a sum. !welsh less dem the expenses of our
land-system during the erne. period. The bonteetead
laW, which will Mks erre, o t Le. tat of January. next,
offers each Inducements to matters, that Naha; for eaelt
cermet be expected t . au extent setlicient [oiliest the ex
penses of the. Oeuerai La .d Office, and the cost of eta
veyhtg and bringing the land tutu market."
The dincrepaney between the emu hero slated as :lei
sing frotn the safes of the public lands, and the sum do.
rived from the 10\111(r source, as reported frotu the Tres
stay Department, arises, OW underaktel. from the fact
that the 'swills of time; thots;, - 11 anpareartly,•were not
culisildera at Ate Leginuiug polet—the Trea
sury. repo t con,iderabie sum now Which
had previously been reported from the interior
etc...ay Inr:ge to ;ready overreaChthe sue derived from
the thrie inenths mitt , reported upon I r the Secretary of
the Interior and not by Use Secretary of the 'Treasury.
The ludian tribes upon our frontiers hate, during the
past . ear inneifest oil ii spirit•of Insnhordient toil, anti, at
several points; have engaged 'in open hostilities awe net
the . tehite settlements in their vicinity, The tribes oc
cupying the :ndittil country south of Kansas,. renounced
their alleglenee•te the linit'ed .States .1111(1 entered lot •
treaties with the ineurgeuts. Those who rens:acted loyal
to the United States were driven front the country. The
chief of the Cherokees has vieited this city for the pur
pose of restoring the former relations of the trite with
the United States. 110:Illegell that they were couet rained
ty superior force, to e nter into treaties with the i user
gems, tied that .Lo United States ueglec ed to furnish
the protection •which their treaty stipulta ions required.
In the Month of Awned. !set, Sioux initiates, in
Minnesota, etteektel thus settlements in their vicinity
with ext- erne ferocity. • killing- Indiecriminntely, tiro.,
wonseu and children. Tile attack tens wholly ituexpected,
nud. tileral./111. 1111 misrule of defence had been provided.
It is estimated the not less than-eight hundred per
sons were killed by the Indians. end a large minima of
property was tle,groyed. linty this outbreak was
ill
- 'cod la not definitely known, and euepicieus, which may
be unjust,tsetril not he meted.
Information was received the Indian !tureen, from
different sources, about. the time hostilities were cam
mouced, t lei t n eimulteneous at t telt was ,o he ovule upon
the white settlements by all the tribes between the
eissippi river and the Stocky elountainf. The State of
Mitmeeeta t.tot suffered great injury - from this Indian war.
A large portion of her territory has been depopulated,and
a severe loss 141.3 been Sustained by the destruction of
P N9 94. 1 '.
1711e . people of that State mailifee: much anxiety far
. .
,thuremov:il of flu tribes beyond too limits of the State.
esa gintrentue against future hostilities. Thu Commis-
Shatter or Indian Affairs will furnish lull details
1 euloult fur your especial consideration whether oar
Indian system shell not he remodeled. Many wiseend
good men have impressed bile with the bolter that this
,can be prolitiably 1.0110
iSlibMit et StAtelllellt of the proceedings of the com
ntissimmrs, which shows the progress' thin has bee n made
in the enterprise of onstructing the Pacific Railroad
and this smtgests the carlitatt completion et' this read,
itutlah.o the favorable action of Congress upou the pro-.
jests now pending before fliem for enlarging the sansei-'
ties of - the great 611ItiA in New York and Illinois, as be
fog of vital aid rapidly Increasing importance to the
whole nation, and especially to the vast interior region
lisreinafter to be noticed et stone greater length. I tow
pase luivinl prevails' and laid Wore yon, at I\ll early 11:9 , ,
sumerinterestjug_and valuable stet ietical information
upon this subject.
The military and commercial importance'of enlarging
the Illinois and Michigan canal, and widening the It
nets river, is presented in the report of Colonel Webster
to the Secre try of War, and tour transmitted to Con
gre-a. I respectfully ask attention to it.
To carry out the provisions of the act of Congress of
.the'lfirb of May limit, I hare caused the litemtrinient of.
Agricultaro of the United - States to'hislirwtinitsal. The
Colima:stoner Informs Ole that within the period tit a
few menthe Oda Dep tannest has eMav lisped an ex.ten
sire system of ourreepontlence and exchangua,tuall t
llama and laved, which protitiscs to effect highly bene
ficial ran is in the • erel patent of correct knowledge of
recent improvements in agriculture, lit the introduc ion
of new produce., und•in the collection of •the ngrieu tura t
statistics of the different dtatee. Alan' that it- will Kahl
Ire prepared to distriltute larg ely suede, cereals, plants,
awl cottiog. nod ,lIINOUy published and liberally
diffused miselt ra cable information, in rut icipm ion of a
'more elabonue report, which will. in due time be fur
uialre,l, embracing.. some 'valuable testa in chemical act
enceolow in progreso in the laboratory. •
The creation of ILLs department was roe the more im
mediete.benelit of a large claim of our most rahmb a citi
zeus, mid litrust tharthe liberal basis upon which it bait
beenorganized arid not only weer your approbation, but
that. i t Win toslize, et nu distant day. all the. fondest an
ticipations of itermeat *Login no friends, and become the
fruitful source of ad rtinisee total our people.
Ott the 2241 day of December it preclmitatioo wee
issued .by the skixociiiive, a copy of winch ha herewith
submitiod. In uccorthaace with the party's° expressed
is the second paragraph of that paper, I now respectfully
call your attention to a hat rutty be called - ‘Citoutpens o
tics EtnancioatiOn."
A tuition may be said to consist of its territory, its peo
ple, and i a Illtte. Thu territory id the o•ly part which
is of certain durability “One generation paasetts away
and another generation comet'', but the earth abidetk
forever."
It, is of the first importance to duly conalder and ea.
Ornate ttliatvLr.rnthiring part. That portiuu of the
earth's eurfscaVelliell, is owned cad inhabited by sbs
.
•peopla f the United States itt well adapted to be the
home of one uotioust family, and it is nut well adapted
for two or more Its vast extent aria Its variety et
chant, nod productions are to advantage In this age
for one reople, whatever they might bare been in far
nieragos.
Steam, telegraphs. and intelligencs have brOught
ill c.d.] to he an eltl Vlttltrigeoue cum bi tl a tiOU for one
nutted people. In the inaugural address, I Mi. Ay
period out the total lowd.auncy of dim/n[l.l NA Se rem
edy for tho differences between the people of the tao
amnions. I did solo longue...re which I cannot loaproVe,
as d which, therefore, I beg lease to repeat:
roctiou of our country heti-yes ,lavers
right, and ought to be extended, while time other
believes It is wrong, and ..ught not to be Piteuti..d.—
Thla le the ouly substitutial dispute. The fugitive
slave clause of the 00oatitotion and the law for the
saupresslon the foreigu slay° trade ere each as Well
renlerce4, p•rbapv, nv any lows'em ever Ito In' eons
. perpetual slavery, and
salinity where ibio motel tains° of the people imper- especially of those who ere to receive the cow:
fectly sup forty the law Itself. The great body of the pensation. Doubtless:some of those who are to'
people abide by tee dry legal obligatio,.. In botb cases.
.pas, and lid . not to receive, Will ohibeL Yet the'
d f w break over in each . This I think csoilot he.
tad a
Meetly cl A nd It would be worse in both caves , measure is both just andiseenottniest. ' I'. a Car
iVif'irerrecthie se c ;i i e r raThon of the ...view, than tej:vre.' The lain sense, thd liberation 'of militias - is the destruct-
ler-Ign slave trade, now intpmfectfy Papp eased, would thin of property—property acquired
b e the de
be ultimately revived' without r- at oitori in one IWO
scent, or by purchase , the same as other proper-
Amu. while logeiirit Ilikr.S, now el.)t Fartistly eureen.• ty.
" • '
Thir,...d• wmibl port* marrendered nt ail by the other.
Is is no less true for having been‘, often said, •
Physically speaking, We cannot separate. We
--,- that they:mottle s of the South are not mare respon
cannot remove our respective sections from each.
Bible
or
the original• 'introduction .oft.his , prop
,pther, nor build an impassable wall between
any thee ate .tdos pforth ; and when t it is. reuseni
them. A husbo nil and wife may be divorced, beret) hbw unhesitating ly.we all Lite ' Cotton Fend
and go out of the presence , and beyond t he f r, and share the profits of dealing in thena,l•
reach of each other; but the different parts of
it may not be quite safe to .say'tbar the 'Semi •
our coon try cannot do this. They canno t it
has been more responsible thaw the .North ftir .
but remain face to face; and intercourse, eithe r
its,eontinunnee. If, then, for a thaw _
object,
amiemble or hustile,seaust continue between thew.
this property is 10 be thicTifieed, is it. notjukti
Is it possible, then, to make that intercourse
that it be dime at. a common charge ? , t
More advantageous or more satisfactory after
And if, with lees money, or money more ea:! -- .
separation than before ? Use aliens make treat
sily paid, we ean preserve the benefits of ..the.
Ms easier than friends can make laws? Can s .
Unien by this means, then we can by the war-.
treaties beinore faithfully en furred between a lien
alone, is it not ciao economical to do it? Let us:,
than laws can euteng friends ? Suppose you go
connider it then. Lot us ascertain the sum we.
to war, you cannot tight always ; and when, of
bare expended in the war since compensated; .
ter much loss on both sides, nod no gain on otitis
etuenepation was proposed last March, and cori-.. 1
the laden bleat old - quest
eider whether, if [tat measure had beent cr,:msprly
or. you cease lighting,
ions as to terns of intercourse ere egain upon
steepled by even some of the slave Stat es,' the.
you.
.. Seine eons would not -have dune invire:.l . to blase
There is no line, straight or crooked, SUitable
fora national boundary, upon which to divide. the war than has been otherwise clone.
If se, the measure would save Moneysnnil, in
Trace through, from east to west, upon the lino
that view, would be a prudent and economic:ll
between the free and slave country, nod we shall that
measure. Certainly it is not sn easy. to: pay
find a little more than One third of its length ar
something as it is to pay nothing ; but itiiter_.
'rivers, easy to be crossed, and populated, or soon
star to pay a large sum than it is to pay st s ki t --
to be popitlitted, thickly on both aides; whil
ger one. And it is easier to - pay any 5it”....1„": - 7,, n ,
nearly all its remaining length are merely su s -
we arumble, than it is to pay it befe,, — .l,;;;;
. veyors' lines, over which people may walk bacl
able. The war requires large sums - — --.
and forth without any eons° iuusness of their
them at once. The aggregate ' and ' reqll " ..
for compensated entancipatio: a, o f f . u co a2 ; ft , n e etelitil , wo w%
presence. No part of this line sun be made more
diffieult to pass, hy writing . it down on paer or
he large.
parchment, as a national boundary. Th e fac
-
Butit would requi: ,
of separation, if, it comes, gives up, on the part ,
bonds even ~,an-; is no ready cash ; nor the
faster than the emancipation',
of the Seceding section, the fugitive slave
clause, along with all other Constitutional obli- progresses- ...his might not,. nod probably.
gationa upon the section seceded from, while I w"u Id r..et, close before the.end of file thirty
shoultlespeet.no treaty stipulation would ever " V4‘.- 0 years. At that time we shall probably.
be mode to take its place. ! . u.lve a hundred millions of people tcrahure the
tßut there is another difficulty. The great in- burden, instead of thirty one millions ; as now.:
inier readon, bounded east. by Alleghenies, need ; And not only so, but the increase orour pop- • ,
by the British.. detainieus,- west by the P.ocky elation may be expected to oontinue for a 10ng..,
Mountains...Ad bed 4 10 - the 'Abe elan.' which time after that period, its rapidly us before ;- be
the culture of corn aid-tiottir:i Meets, and wb ieb rinse our terlitbry will•not have-become full. f
includes partof Virgirtiv ) , vizi. of Tennessee, all do not state this inconsiderately. At ,the same
of Kentucky; Ohio, IP a lune, Michigan, Briscoe ratio orinerease which we have maintained, on
sin; Illinois, Mitioitri„Kitesatt, lowa, We nosota , an average,. fi-om our first national census, in
- and the Territories :of bakota,. Nebraska. and 1700,. until - that of 1860, we should, in MO,.
part ofOblortide, aliesidit has a bove ten minions bare a'. population of 103 °08,415. And why',
of people, and will have fifty millions within fie may we not eontioue that ratio fur beyond that. _
ty years, if not prevented by any political folly period. Our-abundant room—our broad nation
er tniatice.'• It contains more than one-third of •al homestead---la our ample resource. Were
'the country owned by the United grat.,,_,_ er ,.. our territory as limited as the British rles,
tainly• more than Due million of square tniles:..... very certainly our population could not expand
Once half as populous as Massaelrueettt already as Stated.. Instead of receiving the foreign born,
$ 6 939 009 29
1,339.710 36
14,129,771 60
3,102,925 52
•
• 591 352.467 35
... 42,674,664 69
.., 13,19) . 324 45
. _ .
Is, it would have more than afArentylfire'osillioni
of people. A gland) 9t the illip Phri4s [tint; ter-_
ritoria fly spediting; tbli great bosly of tb,g
Tlce other pnits are brit Ciargirm I bor•
der; to it, the oinignifit:eat sloping
froth the Rocky Mountaios to the Pacific being
the deepest and oleo the riehe.t in andel/elope , :
to:mit TM,.
In the TirodAietioif of provis.ionsr
grains, grimes tied ell which proceed from theuk.
this great ititericr region is nature fly one of the,
most important in the world. Ascertain .from
the statistics the emo.il proportion of ttlf:Te .
which . oo yet. been brought in to cultiratithi . ;:i
oleo the large and rap idly increasing amount of
its products, and we :than be overwhelmed with
. .
the magnitude 9f the prospect presented. A' yet
the region has no sea coast. touches no ocean..
anywhere. A part of one nation, 'its people now ,
find. and may forever find their - way to Europe.
by New Fork, to South America and. Africa by ,
New Orleans, and to Asia by San Franc isco.-- 7
But separate our enaitaeu country :into two na l
tions, as .les ivied by the present rebellion, ,a 4
every man of this great interipr region is there
by cat off tram someone tirtnore'Sst tf;s-o outlets;
not, perhaps. bye physical barrie4: but by -eta'
barraesing and onerous regulation*: -- -
..-
And this in
: true, wherever `a dividing , . Or ,
boundary line may he fixed. Place it between
the now free and slave country, or place it; sotqff .
of Kentucky, or north of Ohio,nnThill die tiltr . ..
remains, that none euuth of it con trad6 his an 7
port or place north of it, and none north, of it;
can trade to atty . ' porter place sothli of : ill except
on terms dictated by a government foreignt to;
them. Those outlets, east, west :did Eolith; are
indispensable to the well heing.of.,the people kn., - -
habiting, and to inhabit, this vast interior regidni, -
Which of the three may ho the heat, is no- Prop.
er question. All are better than either; and all;
of right, belong to the people, aoli . • to their sue-,
cessurs forever. True to. themselves, they wili_
not ask where a line of seporation shall be, hut'
will cow, rather, that there shall be no such line.
Nor are the marginal regioos less interested ie.:
these communications to, and through them tc...
the grci s it Outside wtrld. They too,and 'each of
theta, must have access to this Egypt of the West,
without paying toll at the creasing of any -tut.
tiona I boundary.
Oar national strife springy not fr'om our per
manent p MR.; Cut from the laud we inhabit ; not
from our nalianal homestead. There is no pos
sibie severing of this but would multiply, and -
not mitigate, evili among us. In all ifs. o . a:p _
tattoos and aptitudes, it demands union and ah
h irs sepnration. In fact, it. would, ere jtig,
force re union, however much of blood and treas
ure the separation might have cost, . .
Our strife pertains to ourselvei—to the pass
ing generations of men: and it can, without con
vulsion, he hashed forever with the passing of
one generation.
ID this vice-, I recommend the adoption 'of the
fellomins remlution and artielss amendatory ti!,
the Constitution of the Uu ited States :
"Resolved by the Senate and House of Representa
tives of the United States of America in Congress as
semble t. (two-thirds of both houses coneurrinp) That •
the following articles be pt1)111.3 mi to the Legislatures
(or einiveutions) oft c several Statea . aa amendments
to the Constitution of the United States. all or Wily Or
which articles wines ratified by three fottrUis of the
said Legislatures (or conventions) ere to be valid impart
or parts of the said Cowan ittiou, viz: .
".eariciat--.
"Every State, wherein siaiery now, exists. which
shall abolish tne same therein at any time or times be- ,
fore the first day of January, le the veer of our Lord'
one thoceand and nine hundred, shaft.reeeive compen
sation from the United States as follows, to wit• '
•'The Protident of the United States shall &liter to
every such States. bearing intarest at the rate of--
per rent. per annum, to an amount opal to Um Aggre
gate sum of for each stare stucco to have t'eeo
therein, by the eighth census sir the United States, sent
hoods to he delivered to such State by iusteltasents,mr
in one parcel, at tbe completion of the a bolistituen% me
cordingly as the same shell have been in.:Muni, crr. at
one time; within such State; and interest rhall_lteile
*n_ .
to run upon any such bond, only from the prope. - el
of its delivery a s aforesaid. Any State having
bonds as afor es aid, and afterwards reintrolocing
. .
se
cretins' slavery therein, shall refund to the
Sotteslho bonds so received, or the valise tbereof, , a
all interest paid thereon. 4L
••ARTMLE—. -
L' All slaves who shall have enjoyed actnni, ont by
the chancel of the war, at any time before the end of
the rebellion, shall be forever irate but all owners of
such, who shall not have been disloyal. shall be com
pensated Tor them, at the same a ate as in provided for
States adopting.abOliehment of slavery,` bat iu
way that nosdave shall be twice accounteu for..
*TIME -- . .
.Congreas may appropriate money, and.otberwitie •
provide, for colonizing free colored perx.l3:l; with their
own consent. at any place or places withbut the United
States."
I beg indulgence to discuss these proposed ar
ticles at some length. Without slavery. the re
bellion coold never have existed ; without sla-
very it could not continue.
Among the friends of the Union . there is a
great diversity of sentiment and of policy in ra
ved to slavery, and the African race amongst
us. Some would perpetuate 'slavery;_ soma
•e•enta -neolleta•-ce-ewth tl eniy„an withou-Com
pensation ; some would abolish it gradually,
and with cotepeusation; some would remove the
freed people from among us, and some would
retain them with ; and there are yet: other mi
nor diversities. Butotuse-uf these diversities, , we
waste much strength in struggles among our
selves. By mutual concession we should harcno-.
nizu and act together. This would be comer°_
raise; but it, would be eecupromise among the
friends, and not With the enemies, of the Deis, •
on. These articles are intended to embodk a.
plan of such mutual ooneessions.- If the Our
shall be adopted, it is assumed that ensaneipa
tioe will fallow—at least; in sver.t l of!,the;;;
States. :•
As to the first aviele, the main points -areli
first, the euaaneipation ; secondly, . the length of
time for consummating it—thirty seven yearlrc
and thirdly, the compensation. • '
The emancipation will be uns.O.fa6torj;.'t6 - .:,
the advocates of perpetual slavery, but auk,
length of time should greedy mitigate
dissati,faction. The time spares Vomit. races • -
from the evils of sudden derangemhat4-in . fact, •,•
from the necessity of any deraogiteeni.—while
most of those whose habitual Costa of thought -
will be disturbed by the measure will have'pass
ed away before . its consummation- they will'
never P.OO it_ Another class will bail he prospect
of emancipation, but will depre . cate tile length
of time. They will feel thtthit givesdoo little to
the now living slaves. But it really gives tbem
much. It saves them from the vagrant destitu-.
tion which must largely attend immediate eman
cipation in the localities where theii numbers
are very great; and it gives the inspiring eau:
thrice that their posterity shall bit free forever;.---
The plan leaves to each State ebosiog to act ea, .
der it, to abolish slavery now, or at (bacilli of
the century., or at any iutertnediate time, or by
degrees extending over the whole or any part of•
the period, and it obliges no two Status to
seed alike. It also provides for compensation,
and generally the mode of making it. This, it
would seem, must further mitigate the climatic-
faction of than wh o favor'
0