TUB
J
-I'LEAIIFIELU RErEDLICAV
ftIMHRRD iVIlliT WIDRMDAT, AT
CLEARFIKLJj. PA.
i T A II L I II H fi 1) IN I 89 T
I Inintnl Circulation of any Nuwapapet
In Nm-tli Central Peiiuaylvanla.
Tarina of Subscription,
If paid Id adva&oa, or within S month..,
tf paid atiar 3 and heforo 0 month ,
U j aid after tbe eiplratlon ol 6 month,,
. tm
SO
3 (Ml
Bates ot Advertising,
Ti-HiiiUnt adrertiaementf, per aquaraof 10 line or
f kh, 'A Hue or lea $1 60
t or enoh lubaef linnt inertlon to
Administrator' and Biev)utr.rt'ni.tieei, t t0
Auditor' notice 1 50
dvutUni and Rut ray a 1 60
Pintolutlon nntirei t 00
l':ff)ilunal Card. 6 ltna or year...- 00
T.nral notice, per Una. to
YEARLY ADVKKTISKMKNT8.
I uare f$ 00 eolumn ,.,f 00 00
3 nuar!i 16 00 oiihiinn.. 71 00
1'iuirti.. 20 00 1 column 1 2t) U0
G. B. QOODLANDKH,
Publisher.
gau'jjrrs' Cnrfls.
j:r w. SMITH,
" A T T 0 It N E Y - A T -1, A W ,
i 1:1:79 ClearNrlrl, Pa.
J J. LIN CLE,
ATTORNEY -AT - LA W,
lit) Hilld'onle. Pa. j-.fi
OLAND J). SWOOPE,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
illo, ClearO.M oonnty. Pi.
vot. 8, '
0
SCAR MITCHELL,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
CLKARPIKLD, PA.
Oftln. In
"Id We.torn baildlog,"(tip ll.ir.J.
on. . 'ts.tr
J.SRAEL TEST,
ATTOIINEY AT LAW,
Clearllcltt, Pa.
l-d-OITio. nn M.rkot I'reet, lhrc doori eai t of
.T'j.fr.b Slow' re.idcnoe.
Jyll,'7l
Til. M. MrCULLOUGII,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
CLKARPIKLD, PA.
tfl .'ft hi Mnronte building, Second street, op
poolo Ihe Court Hume. je2ft78-lf.
Iff ('. ARNOLD,
LAW A COLLECTION OFFICK,
Cl'HWENSVILI.F,
T. KIlOCKnANK,
ATTOIISHY AT LAW,
7ij
s.
CLEARFIELD, TA.
up 2577 ly
id Oj ttm Umf9.
Wk. A. Wam.acc
lithY 1'. Wali.ik,
..lUvifi L Khkbn,',
. .Vh. K. Wai.lad:,
7 A I. LACK & K I! KBS,
A TT O UN E Y S -A T -L A W
linl l t'learUIJ, Pa.
O.MITII V.
WILSON,
.Illoiiify-iil-l.mr,
t:l,KAHKIh'LD, - PKNN'A
r-d-O.'hro In Ibi M...,ni3 Rulllin, Sleond
.trior, i T 0'poiilc llio Court lluuli'.
uii.4 3H
J.
I'. h-NYHEli,
ATTORN KY AT LAW,
CLEARFIELD, PA.
on,,,p nl.,.r ihj CouQty Niittoail Bank.
June J, '76tf.
jUAXK (t. IIAKKl.S,
ATToaXKV AT LAW,
Clbardkld, Pfnx'a,
I'irit-ffliii Lifo and Fire Iniuranea Compaoiri
rj rointfrl.
;.-()ffl.! In t!ii 0 sra IIui.-
Mar. HI. " I -J
tu i.t. . ui rat crari 0'ianoR.
J U Kit AY i GORDOX,
X a T TOKXEYS AT LA W,
CLEARFIKLD, PA.
irt"t)Cloe in l'ic'i Opera lloaie, leeond floor.
mJOTl
w
ILL1ASI A. UAOEUTY,
.j TTOiurt: i r- ii ',
liratK over T. A. fleck A Co.'a store
CLEARFIULD, PENN'A
--,T-Wilt ittti.l to all l.csl liii.lno.i with
pruuil'tneii noil tiilalitj. ftbl 1,'dO.tf.
UHttPH 1. H IttlLLT...
DAHIIL W. K CDtDT,
M
IcENALLY
McCUKDY
ATTOUNEYS-AT-LAW,
4 itarurid. Pa.
4TLeiril bualneai attended to promptly withj
,1delity. Office on tiotond itrtet. above the Firit
, nitmiml Uank. Jan: 1;, ft
McKEN RICK,
DISTRICT ATTORNEY,
CLEARFIELD, PI.
All llftl liuiioail etitruitoil to hll osra will ra
iire prompt atteotioa.
rfirOlnea in the Coart Houle.
i.gH.l7t)-l j--
A G. K.IAMER,
A '!' TOESliY-
A T - L A W ,
Ileal Kitato and Colltlm Agent,
( I.KAKKIi:i.lt FA.,
Will promptly attend to all Ugal builneta ca
t.-uelitrt to tin oar.
yTrOfflno in Pie'i Opera How. janl'Tfl.
01JX L. CUTTLK.
ATTOUNEY AT LAW.
uiri Hcnl .Beta to Agent, Clearfield, la.
r-r Cenpeetfully offera hti aervloei In olllog
and buying laode In Ulearaeld and adjoining
oiintiot i and with aa etperieoooot overt wenif
y are ai a enrvtyor, tlattari hlmielf that be can
rrnidor tatlilaot.oB. I aa;rj;,
Piistcinug' Cnrtla.
E. M. SCIIEUREIt,
D
HOMEOPATHIC PHYSICIAN,
Ofllo. in reiirlraee oa Firit it.
April 34, 171. Clearflel.l, Pa.
jyi W. A. MEANS,
iMI Y S I C I A N A SURGEON,
Dl llOlS CITY, PA.
Will attend rofeiilonel ealli proroptle. auj(l070
jyt. T. J. liOTEK,
I'HYSICIAN ANH SUUOKON,
Office on Market Street, ClenrAeli, Pa.
rrOffio. houri: 8 to 12 a. m., and 1 to 8 p.
JJU. J. KAY WRIGLEY,
HOMEOPATHIC PHYSICIAN,
r-Offl.-e B'ljnlnlna; the reilden. f Jalne.
VVritrr., E.q., oa tioeon.1 St., Clearfield, Pa.
julJI,';illf.
C. JENKINS, M. P.,
VJ.
PHYSICIAN AND S U RG EON
Cl'RWF.NSVILLK, PA.,
Often at reildeae., e.ruer of Stat, and Pin.
Iirrelt. Jan. ttb, IHS.ir.
1)U
R. II. B.
VAN VALZAD,
(I.IIAHKIli.l.l)
PENN'A.
OFFICE IN ltESIDENOK, CORNER OF FIRST
AND PINE STREET!).
V Ollr. konrt From II t. t P. M.
Ma 18, 1878.
I)
R. J. 1 11URC11 FIELD,
CLKARFIKLD, Pk'NN'A,
Sire.OB of tfa. 8Sd RlRlneBt, Pebnl'lvanla
Velanltara, darlna: lb. let. war. offer hll pro
f.ail.Bal larrle.i t. tba .lUtanl Cleark.la
enqnty.
Km- Profenloml ealli ,rafaptl.T attended U
Ottlca .a Seaead llreel, Beat M. V. Ckartk.
pri. UJ
GEO. B. Q00DLANDER, Editor
VOL. 55-WIIOLE NO.
Cards.
Toil H OH K -Allkin.il of I'.b work executed
la tbi bcit manner at Dili offle.
HENRY RRET1I,
(uKTun r. o.)
JUSTICE OF THE PEACE
ron IELL TOWNIIMP.
May 8, IS78.ly
JAMES MITCHELL,
MALI, it.
S(uuru Timber & Timlu-r LrihIh,
Jin:t CLKAHPIKLU, PA.
A-1'0""
Land Survevor and Civil Engineer,
puiLiPsDuna, pa.
,c7-AII builnei. will be nttenitel to rromiitly .
Deo. is, issoiy.
REUBEN HACK MAN,
House and Sijn Painter and Paper
Hanger,
Clearfield, Pcun'a.
8i.will eiorute fobi In hie lino ttrun tir nnil
I iq a wonmaDliaa Dianacr. irr4,n7
T.KANK El ELD I N;
X ANU
WILLIAM 1). r.KiLEK,
CLKARFIKLI), PA.
Ko. Itth, ISS0 tr.
WEAVER &. BETTS,
DKALERS IN
Real Esta'.e, Square Timber, Saw Legs,
AND LUMUKIt OF ALL KINI3.
fT"("(iioe oa Beound ftresl, In rear of itort
r"m of (.surgfl Weitrer A Co. ( JaiiM, '78-tf.
RICHARD HUGHES,
Jl iiTICE OF TliK PEACE
roa
Itccaltir Tounslilp,
Oiwola Mill! P. ().
.II oRiciil liunirieei eulrsited to hiui will be
pniniptlj attended to. mcii2u, '7n.
JAMES H. TURNER,
JUSTICE OF THE t'KACK,
U aUaretmi, Fa.
ft-fr-U b-t prcj-arf i biuneir with all the
in'Cf ary llniili l rinti under the lD(Un and
t)iuuty ihwo, ui wcil aa hlsbk Infill, etc. Ail
leg, ludtiara entrusted to' bia eate will m'oive
prompt atloiittun. May Jtli, lH71'-tl.
G. H. HALL,
PKACTICAL rUiIP MAKER,
NUAR CLBA11FIKLD, I'ENN'A.
Jpf-Vumpi alwayi on band and made tu orJcr
n iibort notice. Pipe bored on reasonable tertna
All work warranted to render itifaction, and
delivered if devlred. my26:lypd
'IH K underiiigned begi leave to Imortu the pub.
JL he that be la now tuliy prepare lo aroonimo
dute all in the way of iumiuhinn 11. Mr, Ituiigiei,
Baddlei and liarneii, on tbe ibortext notice and
n reasonable ternn. Reaidcnce on Loco it mreet,
brtween Third and Fourth.
OKO. W. OF AH HA BT.
Ilearfiald. Fab. 4. IH74.
. O. RaAD ...
...a. A. II AO at It TT
JKAD& llAflERTY,
FIHK, LIFE AND ACOIDKNT INSUKAXCB
AUENCY.
O0fflfelo Graham Building, Market itraet .
Clearfield. Fenn'a.
June 15, 18 hi-If. -
THOMAS H. FORCEE,
DKALRR II
GENERAL MERCHANDISE,
GRAHAMTON, Fa.
Alio, eiteniv manufacturer and dealer In Squara
Timber ajid Sawed Lumber of all kinda.
BTOrdera aolieitcd and all bill promptly
Oiled. jyl72
I. SNYDER,
PRACTICAL WATCHMAKER
AMD DIALER IU
WaluhoB, CiockB nnd Jewelry,
Qraliam'i Rom, Marttt Strut,
(LEARPIKI.n, PA.
All klndi of repairing In my Una promptly at
endod to. Jan. It, 1671.
coal :
COAL ALL THE YEAR ! I
rf1IK auhttcriber hereby girei notiro that he
X ' now delivering conluf an excellent quality
aud propone tu operate bi mint
. ,, . irtrr: n9
So that he wilt be enrthlrd to supply hi eu tuiner
at ll limi with gr.od fuil. .No Winter mca-
ir,n. Of.leri by mall prouiptly Alhd.
It. t.M. 8IIAW.
OUarfieM, la , M.nh I, t!-8l-tf.
Clearfield Nursery
KNCOUItAGK IIOMK INDUSTliY
Tllli andrr'lrnsd, having etuMiibed a Nur'
X aery on the 'I'ilto, atmitt bail' way lttwe'D
Clearfield and Curwrnvllln, ia prepared to lur
ni.b all kinda of FRIIIT litKKS, (Mandard and
dwarf,) evcrgrerna, bhruhbery, Urapa Vine,
lionet lerry, Lawton Dlarkhcrry, btrnwherry,
and Ra)iherry Vine. Alio, Kiberian Crab Tree,
Qulnaa, and early icarlel Rhubarb, Ac. Order
promptly attended to. Addre,
j. u. wruiht,
epjft A.j Cur wen tile, Fa.
MEAT MARKET.
F. M. CARDON & EEC,
Ob fecortd St., north of Ihe ,Manion Huu,
CLKARFIKLD, PA.
Oar arrangemaal are rf the Tiont eomiletc
character tor furniihiag the public with Krenb
Meat! or ail kind, and or the very bout quality.
rt e also deal IB all kind or Ajrneultural imple
ment, which we keep on axhibilion for the ben
efit of the publie. Call around when in town,
and take a look at thing, or addre tit
V. M. CAItOO.N BKO.
Clearfield, Pa., July 14, lM75-tf.
CABROt L L. ilUDt B.
Clearfield Insurance A gene)'.
HUH It Ar IIIIHH.t:, dgtnU,
Rrpreeent th. followtnf and other arit-elei, Co't
Compeniee. A. .eta
Liverpool London A Hl.be tl. 8. I)r..t4..1nl.s
I.Teomlna on mutual A oiih nlim...M o.Oiin.onii
Pliianii. of ilerr'ord, Conn I.7i CM
iDitirene. Co. of North Aruerii. 8,4:1. 1174
North Hrltl.h 1 Mereanllle I'.S. Dr.. I.7H.M.1
Seoul. h C.min.relal U. B. Branch... 878,141
Hatartoirn 784.818
Tra.el.re (Life AiylJ.nl I (,IM
081t on Markat St., .pp. Court Hoom, Clear
.t,l. Pa. Jan. 4.'7 lf.
Insurance Agency
or
WILLIAM 0. HELMBOLD,
ration tllotl;, C hi Iff mi !, Pit.
Companiei Eeprcfented I
Coraraerelal Union Ini. C... A .leu M,TM 88
Fireoen'l Fand Ini. Co , A. mi I I na.nl 7 ad
1nloa ln.ar.aee Co.. ArU - I 818,817 88
Trateleri' Aoeid.nl Ini. Uo.. Am.!.. 8.818,184 84
Norther. Ini Co. of N.w York Ai't. 84,8
Imaraaaa alae.4 oa all kind, af prprt. at
eqallabla raut.
CarwMilTlUa, Pa, Fib. It, 1881-tf.
s.
C1 A dei tut n
& Proprietor.
2,749..
THE "THANKFUL" DAY.
Tlmnkcivlug dn hti put
iJ Iho eurtnim of
i be dnrku(io DiKbt,
And All tht werltl KWukM to hull the left
down nf mnrnintt Hc'it.
glad
My little two u.on my kno
Tliui avrii'UiiIv cj ifitii.ni mt:
"Minimi, li It the Thankful L'7 beeiine Ibn
hir.f ht nme a,;1n r
Bwiupe (j(i lent lh dark, block night lo blJc
hwh.t nnntihtr rain,
Whirh tncj me 'l vt jpte rdiy,
Ho I ctuid not go out to (i In j t"
1 IH! ihe prftly ftiflioDfr, and while my f.ml
riDrlaj hr light.
Of ill nur hfitrtn are grateful fir, lor oomfurtl
t.l fJod'a hlfitinic hriirhf
"T food to el, ind olothei lo wear,
And 1i;iTi .iotvciioo everwhere.
fiutfl.U the wincV.M
Itrffcntljr, little h.irofoot
IT(r h;art of every flhild:
ciniilT aa her band.
h hops at ftarvml and
No fniila upon the wo, v Urt,
VVbtro ininy a grief hat left itg trace.
(Hi! (u'ebcr than .(he i!rWit thmight B(.ringi
"$tt ttf, niaimn! Thti liltla girl ain't got
nrr unn k mi uny quite vrt.
I g"t inrne comlorti I can iinre
To that poor little girl out there !"
Wa cull the llt'ls itrnnsur iu, my lo;in2.liar.rJ
child and I.
And dimplea (tit her with the amil-i na iunthir.
clean trtn rlnudv iky,
Ho g.iily dot' a my little Mav
With her nw gtiett nhnreThnnkriil Day.
If there arii tenri within uiy eyfii, It ia bccauie
my heart in find
.With the toting heurt no longor grievod, with
the ountr fyi nu Ihih(.t and ;
jnd for t hit eeinij of "th ra'n,"
W hen h'lpe nnd Jay ahine forth nenir..
Mary D. mi..
TIUXKSGIVLVG DAY.
IMKTuR r OF TIIF. DAY IN OLD PROCLA
MATIONS IM'RIT A N, DCTril.
I'ATRIOTIO.
Tliuiilfiiiviri(r ilnys aro xiqiioiilH of
tiurtt Wfllitro. 1 titty hrcotno rt'tro
Kpotiivo periutln fltirinj. which tlio tii-
vino IjcstownlR of irivnlo und pnl-lirt
hlrssintrn nrutoltillv rcrnffuiist-d.
Tlit'ir history in tltif pnrt r-f Aniorirti
hcr;in hn enrly as (lift year 1021. The.
poctiliiir cirt'iiniHltinccri whirh led tu
Iho Ht'lltn nf u period nf lhar ktirivinrr
Ity Iho I'tltrriniH aro (lot-ci'iltcd hy J-t I .
ward Window in n Ifttor duicd l'lvm
onlli, Drccnihvr 11, 1021. Ol llto'in"
rniicriints who had Innttnl on Otolith
(nltl tlylo) of Di-conilifP, lh20, on llio
Itloiik roast of Capo Cot! hay. almost a
half ot that number had sicltneps nod
died, nnd nearly all ol tlio rcataintler
had physically suffered from desiruo
lion atid tho rigors of the first Winter
in tho now coutiliy. Tito prudenro
nnd intlnstry ol tho few persons thai
woro not rlinhled wcro so really
lilesscd as lo cull forth tho thankful
ncssof the lavorcd people, "in u special
manner."
"Yon shall understand that in this
lilt lo timo that a few ot us havo heon
hero wo havo Imilt seven dwelliiio;
houses und four for tho nso of tho
plantation, nod havo mado prepara
tions for divers olliers. Wo set tho
Inst Rpritirr somo twenty acres of liar
ley and pens; and according to tho
manner of tho Indians, wo manured
our trronnd with herrings, or ralltor
shads, which we have in (,'reat ahnnd
aneo nnd tnko with pri nt t aso i.t our
doors. Our corn did prnvo well ; and,
God ho praised, wo had a good increaso
of fttdinn corn, nnd our barley indiffer
ent pond, Hti t our peas not worth the
Blithering, for wo feared I hey were ton
lafo sown. They canto up very well
and blossomed, but tho sun parched
thorn in tho blossom.
"Our harvest bein gotten in, our
Govornor sont lour men on a Inwlinp;
expedition, that wo nuht, aftor a
special manner, rejoice together after
wo bad tho fruit of our labor. They,
four, in ono day killed as much fowl
as, wilh a little help beside, served the
company almost a week. At that time,
nmonjr olhcr recreations, wo exorcised
our arms, mnny of tho Indinns coming
among n, and among tho rest, their
great King, Massascit, wilh somo
ninety men, whom for threo days wo
entertained and feasted, and they wont
out and killed fivo deer, which they
brought lothc plantation and bestowed
on our Governor and upon the enptnin
nnd olliers. And although it be not
always so plentiful as it was at this
timo wilh us, yet, by tho goodness of
God, wo aro so tar from want that we
often wit-hyoii pnrttkerso) otirplcnty."
Tho great abundance of wild ttnkeys
abounding in tho neighboring forests
no doubt supplied the 1 uritans with
tho fowl sufficient for their hospitality.
Tho turkey which now is so highly
prized by llio peoplo ot the United
States for Thanksgiving dinners may
have in Ibis way obtained Us peculiar
prominence among tho viandH of Ihe
tublo.
Tho people of Now Nelherlnnd at a
very early (Into observed clays ol
thanksgiving. Among tho Dutch rec
ords nt tho office of tho Secretary ot
Stato nro preserved proclamations ot
Thanksgiving days in 1C45 anil li.!7
of Iho council of New Nelherlnnd.
William Kieft was Governor in 1015
ofthocolony, and tho Director General
of thooonncil. On tho thirty-first ol
August, ltilS, tho council, sitting at
Enrt Amslc.idam ( New York),
Jltsolvrd in council to procluim a
general Thanksgiving, which Thanks
giving shall tako place on the sixth of
Sctilemlior next in all tho Dutch and
Enirlieh churches wilhin the limits of
New Nelherlnnd.
Tho proclamation reads:
" Wn.RCAS,lt hiith pleased Almighty
God, in His unbounded clemency and
mercy, in nddiiion to many previous
blessings, to suffer us to reach a long
wished lor pcaeo wilh tho Indians;
"Therefore is it deemed necessary
lo proclaim tho fact lo all those ol Now
Nelhcrlsntl, lo tho end ihnt in all
places wilhin tho aforesaid country
where Dutch and English churches are
established God Almighty niny be
specially thanked, praised und blessed
next N ednesUuy loretioon, ttemg
the sixth of September, tho text to be
appropnalo and the sermon lo lie ap
plicable thereto.
"Your reverenco will plcaso an
nounce Ibis matter to llio congregation
next Sunday, so that they may havo
notice on w hich wo rely."
I his proclamation, as set lorth in
the text, was issued on tSo ratification
of a Irealy of peace between the Dutch
and tho Indians. Tho forenoon nf the
day was set apart lor Iho religious
services, and it is likely llio ailcrnoon
was mven to locinl pleasures.
The proclamation ol I'etrus Stuvvc
sant, or rather ol tho council of Now
Nolherland, in 1CS7, is longer than the
ono nflfilA, and is moro particular in
expressing what shall be the manner
ol Iho observance ol tlio tiny anil in
lorbidding certain secnlur and worldly
activities and phasurcs.
On ihe possession of New Nether
land by the English, Edmund A nil r. is
being Governor, tho council lilting on
June 7. I(i73. ordered :
"That Wednesday, ye 2.)d of this
Instsnl month, bo appointed through
out jo Government a day of Thanks
giving and i'rayori to Almighty God
lor all ilia 1'ast Deliverances and bloss-
CLEARFIELD, PA., WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 23, ISS1.
ings and Present Mercies to us, and to
pray ye continuance and Enciease
thereof."
Tho Burionder of General liurgoyno
to General Gates at Saratoga, in tho
Fall of 1777, induced tho members of
tho Continental Congress to tako tho
following action on Friday, October
.ii, in:
"Unsolved, That a eommitloo ol threo
bo appointed lo prepare a recommend
ation to tho several Slates lo set apart
a day for thanksgiving for tho signal
success lately obtained over tho eno
mies of tho United Slates."
Tho members chosen as that com
milteo were Samuel Adams, Richard
Henry Loo and Daniel Kohurdeati.
On Saturday, November 1, 1777, the
conimiueo reported, and Thursday, tho
ISth dny ol December, was sot upart
as a day of "solemn Thanksgiving and
praiso.
Jn compliance wilh tho order of
Congress tlio army at Valloy Forgo
duly observed tho day. In General
Washington 'a orderly bouk ol Decem
ber 17, 177, is this entry :
"To-morrow being tho day set apart
by the llonoralile Congress lor public
thanksgiving und praise, aud duly
calling us devoutly to express our
grateful acknowledgements to God lor
llio manifold blessings Mo has granted
us, llio General directs that tho Army
remain in us present quarters, and
that tho Chaplains perform divine ser
vice wilh Iheir corps and brigades,
and earnestly exhorts all oflieers und
soldiers whoso abscenco is not indis
pensably necessary lo altentl wilh
reverenco tho solemnities of the dav."
"I.ONII 1,1 VU THE KINO OF FRANCE."
General Washington, on tho recep
tion of the intelligence of tho trcnty
with I ranee, in February, 1 . i K, or
dered a special day of tlnitiki-iMvitiir
fur tho army on Jlav 7, 177S. In bis
orderly book tho General wrote on
Mt.v (I :
It having pleased tho Almighty
Ruler of tho I'niverso lo defend the
nise of the United American Stales,
and li huh V lo raise un a powerful
friend among the Princes of the earth,
to establish our liberty und independ
ency upon a la-ding f'ouii'lution, it be
comes us to sot apart a dav lor gtaltt-
hilly acknowledging tho Divine good
ness und celebrating
event which wo owe
the impoi Hint
lo His divine
interposition. The several brigudeii1" tlie devolution. '1 he Southern and
mo to bo nsseniblod for ibis purposo at Northern soldiers fought side by side
9 o'clock to-morrow moiitinif. whin
their Chaplains will communicate tho
intelligence contained in the pnslcripl
of Iho J'tnnsylvania Gazette of the 2 I
innt., ami ofler up thanksgiving and
deliver a discourse sinlublo lo the occa.
ston.
"Upon u signul given tho whole
urn.y will huzza, 'Long live tlio King
of Franco !' Tho artillery then begins
again and flies thirteen rounds. This
will bo siicccoded by a second general
dtsehnrgo of musketry in a tunning
tiro and huzza, Long five the friendly
Europeun powers!' Tho lusldischnrgo
of Ihiitcen pieces ol arlillery will bo
given, followed by a general running
lire anil huzza, 'Tiio American Staler!' "
As described by un ollicer of tho
army tho day was observed ut Valley
Forge in an enthusinstio muuiier:
"Last Wednesday wns set apart as a
day of general rejoicing, when wo had
a feu de joie, conducted with tlio great
est Older nnd regularity. The army
mado a most brilliant appearance, niter
which His Excellency dined in public
with all tho oflieers of tho army, at
tended by a band of music. 1 never
was present whero thero was such un
feigned nnd perlect joy as was discov
ered in overy countenance Tho cn-
terlainiuunt was concluded with a
number
ol patriotio toasts attended
nits. When tho General took
with buzi:
his leavo thero was a universal clap,
with loud huzzas, which continued till
he had proceeded a quarter of a mile,
during which time there woro a thou
sand bats tossed in tho air. His Ex
cellency turned round with his rctinuo
and huzzaed several times."
General Washington, ns President
of iho Unilcd States, issued bis first
pre clairation for tho observance of a
day of Thanksgiving at tho citv of
Now York on t Uo !ld of October, 178!),
soiling apart Thursday, Iho 2Sth day
of November of that year, "to bo de
voted by tho people of theso Slutos to
tho service of that great and glorious
Being who is tho beneficent author of
all the good that was, that is or that
will be," etc.
His second proclamation, dated at
tho city of Philadelphia, January 1,
179."), designated Thtirsday,;Noveinber
2G, us a (lay lo bo observed for a gen
eral Thanksgiving by tbepooplonl tho
United Slutes. iWtc Yorl Herald.
MOSIiTS K AH HOW ESCAPE.
Mosby would run riks aud tnko
chances which ho would not order his
men to take. Ho was In Washington
tli ico different limes during Iho war ;
in llulliinoro four or five luncn, and in
moro than a dozen instances ho pene
trated tho Federal lines lor inlorma
tion. Near Middlotowu ho wus cut olf
by Federal cavalry who held tho pike
in both directions. W hen onlered to
surrender he drove his horse over the
sione wall and got away through the
fields. J hreo ljullels pierced ins cloin
ing, bis horse was struck twice, and an
overcoat strapped lo his saddle. Olio
day whilo be wus eating dinner' in tlio
Lurny Valley six Union cavulrymen
walked in on him. They did not know
him as Moshy, but rightly conjectured
that ho wus u guerrilla. As they at
tacked him lie shot two and dashed
through a window and mode olf with
one ol their horsos. lie was once
captured in Washington whilo on a
spying expedition, but leigned drunk
enness and mado a (lush lor liberty
w hile on tho wuy lo the ptovost mar
shal's ollleo. At that timo ho hud
plenty ol proofs on Ins person to have
convicted him as a spy. Near War-
ronton ho one night rode with twenty
four men full upon a Federal reserve
picket ol at least a hundred men. Uolh
sides stood staring al each other lor a
moment and then Mifsby called out:
"Did any of them mules eomo this
way ?"
"Haven't seen any," was tho gruvo
reply.
"Cuss tho critters they stampeded
on us!" growled the guerrilla, as ho
turned Ins men and rode away.
Somo ol bis men had blue overcoats
on, somo woro citizens' clothes, and no
one could sny that they did not belong
to tbo rtderal train wagons.
Why Is paper money moro valuublo
limn coin ? Ilccauso you double it
when you put it in your pocket, and
when you take it out you find it
incroases.
When you are seated between a
lawyer and a doctor you aro In a very
dangerous position, fur it's either your
money or your life,
PRINCIPLES, NOT MEN.
SUCTION A US.V AND PARTY
ISM. III this great country, and under
our free and bencflciont institutions,
why cannot wo have harmonious and
happy people, accustomed to speak in
terms ol respec t and confidence of
each other in till sections of tho coun
try? Why should such sectional and
partisan bitterness and malignity exist
as that manifested in our political dis
cussions and newspaper publications?
i ny should representative men bo
tolerated in faying that anything how
fvir mmmnrnl or criminal would bo
juttifiablr, if necessary to keen political
opponents out ol olliee? After tho war
and tho abolition ol slavery, nnd that,
too, ut tho expense ol tlio Southern
people, every dictate of nroprielv.
policy nnd wisdom required that ob
livion snoutti iio- inr-ww umi liiu un
happy events of ibo war.
Tho Inpso of timo has been sufficient
to abato tho passions and animosities
of tho war. yet tho Radical clamor anil
abuse of tho Soutbern people, the
argument of tho "bloody shirt," is as
rilo nnd as vociletvusly proclaimed
now ns It was the first year after tho
war. II wo cannot linvo a bin monious
Union if tho Southern States cannot
bo trusted as cniiulH with tho other
Slates in tho Union according to the
Constitution, then the wnr was a fail
ure, a terrific failure, in which tho loss
of lilo ond treasure, tho desolation and
desirnelion, Iho mourning, sorroiv nnd
suffering caused by it were nil in vain.
lYIiliciuns nnd newspapers in the
Northern States havo undertaken to
show that thero was not, and could not
be, homogeneity between tho people
oi mo jNortiiern and Southern Mates;
that the peoplo of tlicso several sec
tions were so tlifTerent in civilization
and hul ils that (to uso tho expression
of one of their Radical organs) "they
were ns wide apart ns heaven is Irotn
hell." Hence, according to tho Radical
doctrine, n harmonious Union of thu
Northern and Southern Stairs would
bo impracticable. Tho land ot Wash
ington, and of Jefferson, nnd of Jack-
son, and otCiay not homogeneous wilh
the people of tho Noilhern Stairs!
Whence find how tamo this? Tho
people of thu Northern and Southern
I S-tatei fought tho battles of liberty and
' independence side by side in Iho war
for the rights and honor of tho United
States in every war until discoid wns
produced by tlio radical Republicans.
Want of-homogeneity, indeed! Tho
Northern and Southern peoplo speak
the sumo language, aro educated
in the same literutiire, and uro of tlio
same religious belief, nnd havo been ex
treniists, who carry out, or seek lo
carry out their (kigmas to their ulti
mate consequences, without deviation
or modification, regardless ol their
ultimate consequences, without devia
tion or modification, regardless of tho
wrongs and litimun sntlcrings consu
quent upon their dtro result. In both
relieion and polities all abstract doe-
trmes havo to ho modified in their
practical operations for adaptation to
man s Iran condition. Jn religion they
are qualified und tempered by charily
and a benevolent regard lor tho weak
ness and frailly of human nature. In
politics all civil government in its best
forms is but a compromise, in which
man surrenders a pari of his righls lor
the protection ol the balance, and in
its wisest administration conservative
measures and conservative views uro
essential to accomplish the highest aims
ol truo statesmanship, which has al
ways in view tho happiness and wol
lure of the governed, lint radicalism
! regardless ol tho existing condition ol
things, and all chaiitable nnd humane
considerations, tramples down with
atrocity and violence existing insula
tions, und nltompts lo attnin its ends
oven through bloodshed and sufferings.
In tho name of religion, radicalism has
stretched man upon tbo rack of tor
ture, and drenched hamuli blood. Jn
the name of liberty, radicalism has, al
different periods ot tho world, torn
down tho essential saleguards of hu
man happiness and mado countless
millions mourn in struggles to establish
impracticable dogmas; and now, hero
in theso United Stutes, radicalism,
rather than bo displaced from power,
would pervott the truth, decoivo and
mislead tho pubho mind, detent tbo
popular voice by chicanery and fraud,
und subvert populur government, and
establish nn imperial monarchy upon
its ruins.
A distinguished author on national
ethics said : "The greatest dangers aro
not always the most apparent ; but lew
observers can doubt that the gravest
dungertiow threatening us, as a Nation,
Is the supplanting ol our cherished
theory of overniuent of, by, und lor
tho people, by a new system, numely,
government of, by, an I lor a party.
In tact, purly has ulrendy usurped tho
throne, und thu dictates of a spurious
party morality aro loudly pre .laimed
as the doctrines ot national ethics.
This is strictly applieublo to tho Ro
puhlicnn party under the mlo of its
oligarchy ol Radicals. They have
been in power so lorty; ihnt tliejr hniin
to think lhat (ho Government belongs
lo litem as a matter of exclusive right.
The theory that the Goverment origin
ated from tho people, was made by
llicm, and forihem.bas been perverted,
and according to the el hies of this parly
the Government is from nnd by and for
this political parly. When llio ques
tion of anv public measure arises with
tho highest officials of this parly, the
inquiry made is not, is it n quired by
the welfare and safely of the country
and authorized by iho -Constitution,
but tho chief inquiiy mado is, will it
udvunca thu interests ol the Jepulli
(nu Party or tend to secure its success?
If it will do this, then it is all rii;lit.
Washington, in bis farewell address,
warning the country in the most
solemn manner nguiusl tho dangers ol
sectional patties, nnd tho baleful e Herts
ol parly spirit, sultl :
1 ho nlternnlo domination ol ono
faction over another, sharpened by llio
spirit ol revongo natural to party ois
st-nsions, which, in different ages and
countries has perpetrated tho most
horrid enormities, is Used a Irighllul
despotism. Hut this leads at length to
a moro formal nnd permanent despot
ism. Tho disorders and miseries which
result, gradually incline llio minds ol
men los.cik sccutily and npos" in
tho absolute power ol an individual ;
and sooner or later the chief of somo
prevailing faction, more able or more
lortunato than his competitors, turns
this disposition to tho purposes ot his
own elevation tho ruins of public
liberty.
The peoplo of this country have tho
highest earthly motivo to profit by
warnings ot tho "Father of his Coun
tiy," and preserve the Institutions un
der which the country has grown and
prospered and advanced, not only in
greatness and power, but in tho arts
and improvements, and all that ele
vates, refines and ennobles civiliied
REPUB
man. In this vast country, Irom tho
Atlantio to the Pacific ocean, and from
the lakes of tho North to' tho Gulf of
Mexico, is tho grand seat and abode
for tho freedom and civilization of a
homogeneous population, progressing
in their ownwurd conrso of develop
tnent nnd improvement under tho free
institutions of our Federal L'nion of
republican Statos. Hut if Ibis pro
gressive development is to bo staved
and defeated by tho bickerings and
wranglings ol sectional parlies and
fuctions lor the offices, honors and
emoluments of tho Government, this
vast scope of country will become tho
dissevered and discordant Slates, ol
jarring, rivul and hostiledynaslics and
factions, a vast theater of constantly
recurring strife and contention und
warfurc, disheartening to tho putrtot
and philanthropist, and ultitnaloly
uvet throwing tho last great experi
ment of man for freo goveriiment.
American llegishr.
UlllELlGWX.
A careful und observant writer in
the Jievue des Deux Modes, who is con
tributing to that magazine a series ol
articles on destitution in Paris, remarks
upon tho steady growth ol religion
among tlio woikingmun of that gay
capital. Ilo says that in tho era of
the French revolution tho spread of
infidelity was greatest among tho
wealthy und enlightened classes and
less among the poor und ignorant, but
that now iho reverse is the case. As
a proof of this ho says that in tho rich
ond ttristociatic districts c( tho city
Ittneriils without religious ceremonies
aro very rare, while in tho poor and
populous districts as many us ono llnrd
uf the interments tnko place without
any religious rito. The hostile attitude
ol llio French Government lo ull re
ligious communities, but particularly
to those of which tho education of
youth was tho principal object, will
nutiiiully tend to weaken tbo tic bo
tween tho chinch and tho people, be
cause tho children will now bo ilepriv
cd of lh.it religions training which
those communities imparted and which,
especially in thocuso ol poor girls, had
good influence on their after-lives. At
least such is the opinion nt thu writer
in question, M. OtheiiiiidTlaussonville.
J ho same lulling oft in tho religious at
tachments ot thu poor has ulso been
observed ill tbo English city ol Liver
pool. A census td church and chapel
attendance taken on a recent Sutiduy
showed an aggregato uttendunce ol
fill, 57(1 out ol a popululion ol over
5511.000, while a like census taken in
185:!, when tho population was only
41)0,000, showed an aggregato church
and chapel attenduueo of 101,982.
The pioportions uro about 1 to 4 in
IHiiound 1 to 8 in 1KS1. It would be
very interesting to hnvo liliu statistics
taken for tbo groat American cities in
order to seo whether tho same decay
of tho religious sentiment which bus
been observed ubroad is also at work
hero. The national decennial census
will not supply tho intnrmalion, but it
is ot sufficient interest lo attract tho
attention of specialists, Washington
liepublic.
O ITI CI A L SEN TIM EN T.
0,0V. LONO, OF MASSACHUSETTS MAKES
A tlNICjUF. ADDITION TO PROCLA
MATION LITERATURE.
herens, it is a good and ancient
custom to set apart ufter lho harvest a
day for public thanksgiving nnd praiso
to Almighty uod :
Now. therefore, I, John I). Long,
Governor, by and with tho advice of
the council, appoint therefor 1 bnrsday,
lho 24th day of Novombor next.
t'nlo Thee, O (lod, do we giro thenki.
Thou Ti.ileth tha eerrh and witereit It. Tbort
bleneth th. rp'tnirinit thereof. Thou erowneit
lb. year with Thy ,oodne.i. The paiturci aro
eoverod with ttuekl i Ihe ealleyi al.o are covered
over wilh corn; Ihey rhout lor joy; they alio
ini.
Itlr.ied l! he who floniclrnth lb. poor.
Come unto Me alt y that labor and ar. heavy
laden, and I will give you r.tt.
O Painter of tha fruit! and Qowerl,
We own Thy wi.e de.lgn,
Whereby there humble hin-ti of ouri
May ihara the work of Thine I
Apart from The. we plant in vala
Tbo root and low the teed
Tby early and Thy letter rein,
'lhy eun and dew we need.
Our toil li tweet with thankfulnoi.,
Our burden il our boon :
The our.e of eartb'l grey luorninir. Il
The blenlng of ill nona.
And Hilt wilh rovorenl bio 1. we null
Tliy gifte each year renewed
The K'tod I" alwayi beiutilul
The beautllul il good.
Given at the Council Chamber, in Ros
ton, this twenty ninth day ol Octo
her, ill tho year of our Lord ono
thousand eight hundred and eighty
one, and of tho independence of tho
United States of America tlio one
hundred nnd sixth.
Joust D. Lono,
Iiy His Excellency, the Governor, with
tho advice of Council.
Henry 11. Pierce,
Secretary.
God save tho Commonwealth of
Massachusetts.
roTATocv j'Rnu litKT.ANn
Tbo cry of a potato futuino in this
country Iiob occasioned lho importa
tion ot tons of lho giiiuino Irish potato
to this port, nnd muny barrels of them
were recently displayed at lho stores
of Heard k Co., in Dey street, near
lho North liver. A 77u reporter
wus thero informed that in 1K7G, nnd
again two yenrs ago, polntoes ol Irish
birth, as it woro, traveled across lho
ocean and wero freely distribtiled
throughout the United Stales. The
English dealers, it is suid, heard the
cry of a potato luniino rnised hero this
year and lost no timo In making ship
ments of tho vegetable to this country.
It is not claimed, al this timo by deal
ers hero, that thero is a scarcity of
nalivo potatoes, but it is said that
there aro moro of them is this cily
than any whero else. Whilo tho Ameri
can potatoes aro sold at from ?2 50 to
lil.OO a barrel, tho product of Ireland
can be shipped to this country and nn
agreeable profit realized by tbo dealers
who sell them at from t2 25 lo $2 50
a barrel. Tho Irish potato bears a
closo resemblance to the kind raised in
A morica. 1 1 is perhaps, of more solidi
ty, and it is said to be a raro and en
ticing dish. On Monday, November
7th, 800 hags of llicm reached thin port
on the Whilo Stnr steamer, Celtic, for
Heard Co. Thirty tons woro ship
ped to tho snmo firm on the Wiscon
sin, which was duo here on the same
duy. About 50 tons aro on their way
on lho llrilannic, and more aro ex
pected on the Adriatic. The greater
quantity ol these potatoes comes from
lho North of Ireland, llitneno ino
potato has moro frequently traveled
Irom American perls to Ireland, and
one dealer, whilo in a humorous mood,
said : "Even tho poloca in Ireland can
not live under llritish rule, and must
fly lo a land of liberty," Ncic York
7Ymf.
JjI
NEW
worr y, j-or iroftA', kills.
Col. Gcorgo Chosnoy, in tho 7'or(
nightly Review, says over-work, is I'm
possible so long as tho effort made is
natural. When energy, of any kind,
takes a morbid form of action, eomo
force outside itself must bo reucling
upon it injuriously ; and tho seat of the
injury, so fur as tho sinister influence
on enorgy is concorncd, will bo found
in close proximity to tho sensation
which under normal conditions guards
tho reserve
The uso of stimulants in aid ol work
is, perhaps, ono of tbo commonest
forms of collateral influcnco suspend
ing the warning sense ol exhaustion.
V hen the luborious worker, ovcrcomo
with futiguo, "rouses" himself with
alcohol, coffee, tea, or any othor
agent which may rhanco to suit him
ho doCS not add a Unit of forcV) tO b ia
stock of energy; ho simply narcotizes
the sonso ol weariness, und, tho guard
being drugged, ho appropriates tho ro
servo. In liko manner, when the
dreamer and night-watcher, worn out
by sleepiness, omploys opium, chloral,
or somo other poison, to produco tho
semblance of repose, he stupefies tbe
consciousness ot unrest, but, uxcopt in
cases w here it is only a haUt ol sleep
lessness which has been contracted,
and, being interrupted, may bo broken
by temporary recourse to a porilous
artifice, tho condition is unrelieved.
Not unf rcqnently the warning sense is
stifled by tho very intensity of tho
motive power or impulse Ambition,
zeal, lovo, pomotiines fear, will carry a
man boyond tho bounds set by nature.
No matter what suspends the functions
ol tho guard set nt tbo threshold of
tlio reserve, if tho residual stock is
touched, two consequences ensue
waste and depreciation. It is import
ant to recognizo liolhof theso evils.
Tho formor is generally perceived, tbo
latter is commonly overlooked. Tho
reserve, ns wo liuvo seen, pluys a
doublo part in tho economy ; it is a
stock in abcyanco, nnd it is tho base
ol ovory present act. Without a ro
servo of mental energy tho mind can
no more continuo thu houltlitiil excr-
ciso of its functions, than a dubby mils
do without tenacity can respond to the!
stimulus of strong volialion and lift a
heavy weight or strike a heavy blow.
The cause, or condition, which most I
commonly exposes the ' reserve of':
mental energy to loss and injury 's
worry. 1 lie tono and strength of mind
aro Beriously impaired by its wearing
influcnco, und, if il continuo long
enough, they will bodestroyod. It sols
tho organism of thought and feeling
vibrating with emotions which are not
consonant with lho natural liberation
nf enorgy in work. Tho whole ma
chinery is thrown out of gear, und cx
crciso, which would otherwise bo pleas
urable and innocuous, becomes painful
and even destructive II is easy to
see how this must bo. Tho longest
noto in music, tho most steady and
persistont ray of light to uso an
old fashioned expression tho tonic
muscular contraction, are all, wo know,
i produced by a rapid succession of mi-
unto motive Impulses or acts, liko the
oxplosion nnd discharge of electricity
from alternately connected and sepa
rated points in a circuit ; in fact, a
series of vibrations. Montul energy
doubtless takes the same form of de
velopment. If a disturbing clement is
introduced by the obtrusion of somo
independent source of anxiety, or il,
out of the business in hand, tho mind
makes a discord, confusion onsucs, und
for tho timo being harmonious action
ceases. Working under theso condi
tions in obedience to tho will, tho mon
tul organism sustains injury which
must bo great, and be lasting.' The
function of tho wnrning senso is sua
pended ; lho reservo is no longer a
stock in abeyance, and itcoases to give
stability to tho mind ; tho rhythm ol
the montul lurccs is interrupted ; a
crash is always impending, and, too
often, sudden collapse occurs. N. Y
Oli.vrvrr.
THE LONGEVITY OF THE
ANCIENTS.
Can man roach and pass the ago of
a hundred years is a question con
cerning which phy siologists have differ
onl opinions. Butfon was tho first ono
in Franco to raise tho question of tho
cxlrotno limit of human life. In his
opinion, man, becoming adult at six
teen, ought to live losix timo sthat ngo,
or ninety-six yours. Having been
called upon to account for tho pho-
nominal ages attributed by tbo llibloto
tbo patriarchs, ho risked lho following
as an explanation : "Ileforo lho flood
lho carlh wus less solid, loss compact
than it is now. Tho law of gruvita
tion had acted for only a little time;
lho productions of tho globo bad less
consistency, and tho body ol man, no
ing moro supple, was moro susccplihlo
ot extension, lleing ablo lo grow lor
a longer timo, it should, in consequenco,
live lor a longer timo than now."
The Gorman llensler has suggested
on tho namo point that the ancients
did not divide timo as wo do. Provious
lOthoaa;oof Ahnhim Ihe jiir,emonri
somo people ol tbo Last, was onlv
three months, or a season ; so thai
Ihey hadaycarol Spring, ono of Sum
mer, ono of F'ull, and ono of Winter.
This year was extended so as to con
sist of eight months after Abraham,
und ol twelvo months alter Joseph.
Voltairo rejeclcd tho longevity assign
ed to the patriarchs of lho lliblo, but
accepted without question the stories
of tho great ages attained by somo men
in India, where, he says, "it is not raro
to boo old men of one hundred and
twenty years. Tho eminent French
physiulogis, Flourenos, fixing the com
plete developomcnt of mun al twonty
years, teaches that ho should
live fivo times as long as it takes him
lo becomo an adult. According In this
author lho moment of a completed de
velopment may bo recognized by tho
fuel of tho junction of tlio bones wilh
their apophyses. This junction takes
placo in horses at five years, and tho
horse doca not live beyond twonty fivo
years; with the ox, alfour years, and
it docs not live over twenty years ;
with lho cat at oightccn mouths, and
that animal rarely lives or ten years.
With man It is effected at twenty
years, and ho only exceptionally lives
beyond one hundred years. The same
physiologist admits, howovor, lhat hu
man lilo may bo exceptionally pro
longed under certain conditions of
comfort, sobriety, freedom from care,
regularity of habits, and observance ol
the rules ol hygiene, and bo terminates
his interesting study of the last point
("Do la Loncvile Ilumaino") with tho
aphorism, "Mnn kills himself rather
than dies.".!. Ltc Snlavdlt, Popular
Science Jlcnthly.
What State is round on both sides
and high in tho middle? Ohio,
A bell in tha machine shop 18 worth
two on the mouth.
CAN
TEBMS-$2 per annum in Advance.
SEMES - V0L 22, NO. 16.
EXERCISE IN GRAMMAR.
Every itudent of nonni, pronoom, and v.rln
know! the neoeiillv of tnn.poilnf lanffiu'e for
Ihe like of aieerlalnlorl Iti raroraalieil eon-
(motion. Tlia ioIIvwIdk ihnwi lwent-iti differ
ent reading! nf one of Uni'i well knows poeti
oil llooi, jit the leni. la not alTeoted :
Tha wearj plowman plod. hi. bomewird wij,
Th. plowman, wrarr, plodi hll bomtward war,
Hie bom.ward w.y th. weirr plowm.o plodi.
III! hom.wird lit the nliiwinan weirr nlode.
Theweerj plowmen homewitd plndi hll war.
The plowman, weary, bornewerd plod! bll w.iy.
I'll wkt tin wearv nlowinin. houiuwird dIihIr.
Hi! wey.th. plowmen, weiry, homranrd plodi
, piuninen, anuewarti, pinui nil weary way,
Itli way the plowman, bomewird, wciry plod.,
Ilii homeward, we.ry wiy th. plowman plodi.
Weary, the plowmen boinewerd plod! hll way.
Weary, the plowmen plod, oil homeward way.
Homeward, btl wey tho weary plowmen plodi.
Homeward, hi! way Ih. plowmen weiry plod..
Homeward, bll weiry way, tha plowman' plodi.
The plowmen, bomewird, weary plodi bll wiy.
. wr.ry wnj, me piowinin ooinewird ploite.
llii weary way, the hoinenird plowmen plodi.
Homeward the plowmen plodi nil weery way.
1 he plowman, weirr, bll way houewerd plodi'.
nomcweru me woary plowmen plodi nil way
The l.lowmin nloil. hti homeward wear.
The plowmen plodi bll weary bomewird wuy.
Weery the plowman llii wiy bomewird plodi.
Weiry bll bomewird way tbe plowman plodi.
.V.VV MILES OF TUNNEL.
A (IHEAT ENdlNKKRINU FEAT.
TLo first complete railway train,
carrying ono hundred passengers, pass
ed through the Si. Gothurd tunnel on
iuesday. Jov. 1st, in fitly minutes.
In 187!) llaly, Germany and Swiu
orland signed a convention guarantee
ing $17,000,0110 to tho company thut
would construct tho St. Gothurd rail
road nnd tunnel, Italy giving 89,000,
000, Germany 1 1.000,090 and Switzer
land ? 1,000 .000. Tho original ostimales
of il7,4O0,000 proved under the mark,
and it was lound that 151 bOO.OOO
would bo required instead. Germany
added 1?2,000.000 nnd Switzerland
81,(100,000.
The work was begun in tho Autumn
ol 1872, nnd wns completed on the
morning of February 29, 1880. The
average daily progress was 18 feet.'
Tbo number of holes bored amounted
to :120 (100,000, and 5,000 tons ofdvna
mito were used in blasting; 1.G50.0O0
dulls woro consumed, and 1,400,000
cart loads of dirt were taken out from
tho bowels ol tho moiiitluin. Dntina
"TTKWssol th work flOlahorersin
h lm'" "l"1 4? d"'"bl(-'V
In '"'P0"'"" ol namber of i
nlnin on,,, oyed tho killed for 1
Pel' f"1"'"! 1 'u '"J"I'L'1' - VeT-"t;
! r . m n - t . tunnel also suiiercd
from a mysterious disease which was
traced by un Italian physician tu para
silical worms that wero engendered by
tho underground atmosphere and lodir
ed in tho intestines of men working in
it. A Swiss physician supplemented
mis uiseovery ny devising a method ol
expelling the parasilns.
The rock through which tho tunnel
wns pierced varied from hard granitic
gneiss on tho Swiss dido, to gravel,
sund and pobhles on tho Italian.
The St. Gotbard tunnel proper Lo
gins al Goosehonon, aud ends at Airolo.
Its length is nine and a'.hird miles, or
48,9:;6 feet, to bo exact ; it is nineteen
und a halt loot high and twenty-six in
maximum width. Rut tho tunnel is
only ono section of a railroad running
Irom Loko Lucerno in Switzerland to
Lako Maggioro iu Ituly. Resides tho
big tunnel tboro aro twolvo olhor tho
shortest of which, Warron, is 1,1011
yards long, whilo tho longest, Olborg,
reacnes z.ti-f yards. 'J lien tboro aro
fivo lunnols between 220 and 550, nnd
twenty-hvo between 110 and 220
yards, making in all about lifty-two
subsidiary tunnels ol an aggregato
lengtu oi Bixiocn miles. JJctweon lm
munsco and Goescbenen tboro are
thirty threo tunnels; between Airolo
and Glubiasco seventeen, lho line is
is carried over sixty-lour bridges and
viuducts, tho longest of which, that of
Cadenazzo, in Tessin, consists of fivo
arches each having a Bpan ol fifty-fivo
yards. The length oi the St. Gotbard
lino is 151 miles, sovontcen por cent,
bridges and viaducts. Starting from
Rotk rouz, eluven miles from Lucerno,
lho St. Golhard lino runs along tho
western shoro of Lako Zug, round tho
tiazo ol tbo Jlighi and by Luke Lo
wcrz, striking tho Lake of llrunncn.
At Waxen il attains a height of 3,008
leut, auovo llio sea level
How to liitEAK Off Rad IIahits.
Understand tho reason, and all tho
reusons, why tho habit is injurious.
Study tho subject until tboro is no ling
ering doubt in your mind. Avoid tlio
places, tho persons, thnl lend to tho
temptation. Frequent tho places, ns-
sociato with tlio persons, indulio in
tho thonghts that lead away from the
temptation. Keep busy ; idleness is
llio strength ol bad habits. Do not
givo up tho strugglo when you havo
iiroucii your resolution once, twice, a
tli on nind limes. That only shows how
much need thero is for you to strive
When you havo broken your resolu
tion, just think tho mailer over, and
endeavor to understand why it was
you failed so lhat you may be on your
guard against nn occurrence ol the
sumo circumstances. Do not think it
nn easy thing that you havo under
taken. It is lolly to expect to break
oil a habit in a duy which may have
oeun garnering sircngui lor years.
Little Deeps of Kindness. Each
of a thousand acta of lovo cost very
little of itself and yot whon viewed to
gether, who can estimate their valuo?
1 ho child whoso good offices aro al
ways ready when wanted to run up
siuira snu tiown, to gel chips, or rock
tho cradle, to run on an errand and
right back, all with a cheerful look and
a pleasant temper, has a reward along
with such good duties. If a little girl
cannot tako her grandfather on her
lap as ho tukei her on his, she can gut
the slippers, or put away his hook, or
gently comb his thin locks ; and whoth
or she thinks of it or noi, those litllo
kindnesses that come from a loving
heart aro tho sunbeams thut lighten
up a dark and welul world.
Ho wss a country fellow, a littlo
awkward and bashful, but of sterling
worth ol character. She was a Cin
cinnati belle, and had sense enough to
appreciate la is worm despite his awk
wardness and bashlulness, and was
his tinancee. On a gloomy Sunday
evening last Winter they wero stand
ing in front ol the window in tho lino
parlor of her homo on East Walnut
II ills, watching the snow-flakes rapidly
falling oulsido. Ho was not up in tho
society small talk, and being at a loss
lor something to say, remarked as ho
saw lho snow tailing: "This will bo
hard on Ihe old man sheep." "Never
mind, dear," said she, slipping her arm
around him, "1 will take care of ono
of them."
A girl who bar a Icllon on her finger
and a fellow on her arm, has as much
as she can attend to.
Josh Billings says: "Next to a clear
consilience lor solid comfort cuius an
old shu."
EDUCATIONAL
BY Af. lTmoQUOWN.
IDLCATWXAL SXIUMTIOX.
It is hoped that teachori having
collections ol scholars work, inoluding
mineral cabinets, drawings, paintings,
specimens ol penmanship, or anything
executed by scholars, will bring thetn
along and have thorn on exhibition
during tho work, at the approaching
County Institute.
PREMIUMS.
A $10 Prize The Institute, at tha
Instanco of the County Stiporlnlondont,
will pay fit) to tho school presenting
tho iicsf educational display. To so
euro tho promium, howover, the fol
lowing articles must appear in tbo
display :
1. Tho copy hooks o( tho entiro
school.
2. Specimens of plain ornamontul
penmanship.
.'). Autograph book containing speci
men autographs from all pupils except
tho primary grades.
4. Cards, 0x8 inches, containing the
"Lord's Prayor," printed by pupils ol
tho 1st, 2d and 'M Reader grades,
5. Specimens of social, business and
descriptive letters from tho 4th and 5th
Reader grade.
6. lliisiness forms, notes, receipts,
chocks, accounts, etc., from tho ad
vanced pnpila in the school.
7. Manuscripts nf monthly or term
examinations, outlines of study, and
school room mottoes oontrivod and ex
ecuted by tho pupils.
H. Essays written by the advanced
pupils upon tlio "I)ignity of Labor."
9. Specimens'ot drawing (sketches
from nature) executed by the pupils
of the school.
10. Tho teacher's report book of the
school and programme.
To theso ten requirements may bo
added such other articles as will make
tho display attractive, and exhibit
more fully the work of tho pupils. To
ull articles must bo attached the namo
of tbo scholar executing them.
A 5 Prize Rev. William II. Dill
will pny tke ahovo for tho best mop ot
v iciinieiu county executed ny any
scholar in tho county. (!) to be
paid for tbo best mop drawn by any
pupil over 1 1 years of ngo, and ?2
for tho best map drawn by any pupil
under that ago.
An elegant prizo from Gen. J. A. M.
Passmore, Pennsylvania agont for D.
Appleton A Co., will bo given lo the
toachor who can present the best cer
tified statement nf his or her work last
yenr, 18S0 81. Tho same to ho con
spicuously printed upon card board,
containing tho billowing items:
1. Number of pupils ill attendance.
2. Percentage of altcndunce lor each
month and term.
.'1. Number and ages of all pupils
who studied all .tho common school
branches.
4. Number and names of all pupils
who attended overy day ot tho school
t,.m
5. Nllmber BnJ Ilumt.a of , w,
received no tardy marks,
Jfumlmpot times the rod wns used
in lho ,chool.
7. Tho number who received 100 in
j deportment fitr tho term,
8. The miscellaneous exercises of
the school.
9. Number of visitors and their
names: 1st, Directors ; 2d, touchers ;
lid, ministers, and 4th, parents.
10. A brief explanation (printed at
bottom of card), giving tho methods
adopted for bringing about tho results.
Prof. A. R. Road will give a hand
some set of Lippineott'a now Roadors
to tho toachor exhibiting the most at
tractive specimens of drawing and
plain and ornamental penmanship.
Tho County Superintendent will
givo a now Reading Chart to tho teach
er ol any primary school who presents
tbo best written thesis upon "Primnry
Teaching," the same to be published
at tho close of tho Instituto. Cost of
cbnrt, $3.00.
Schools and teachers dosiring to
compoto for any of tho abovo prizes
should notify us by letter as early as
Docomber 10, stating which prize they
expoct to apply for. All exhibits must
bo placed in the bauds of Mr. W. T.
Spuckman, Superintendent of that de
partment, not later than Monday
altornoon.
CLEARFIELD (W.V7T TEACHERS'
IXSTITUTE.
THE WORK OF THE WEEK,
Tho Instituto will organize on Mon
day at 1) o'clock, P. M. and adjourn
al 11 o'clock A. M. tho Friday lollop
ing. Inorder to get tbo experience of
thoso longest in sorvico, tho day ses
sions will be devoted principally to the
consideration of tho branches taught
in our Common Schools, and mothods
of teaching lho same, by the gentlemen
employed as instructors. School man
agement in all its details will form a
purt of each day's programme . A lim
ited number ol tho teachers ol our
county will read papers boloro the In
stitute upon tho subjects assignod else
where. We deem this expedient in
order to keop before our teachers those
things which appertain to our individ
ual interests, and the school interests
of our county in general. A Teachor's
meeting will bo hold each morning ono
hour previous to tho opening of the
Institute proper. The object of this
daily conlercnco will be to counsel to
gether upon tbnso local difficulties that
confront each of us in tho discbarge of
our duties. 1 bavo submitted a num
ber of topics lor consideration at those
meetings, and trust all our teachers
will come prepared to give us tho ro
suits ol their experience and observa
tion. If those who havo met with dif
ficulties upon Vhich they dosire the
opinions of others, will commit such to
paper, in tho lorm of a quoslion, thoy
will bo submitted lor discussion at
theso conference meetings.
Tuesday, December 20lh, has been
act opni t as "Directors' Day.'1 This Is
dono in order that our State Superin
tendent, who will he present on lhat
dny, may have lho pleasuroof meeting
and addressing tho Directors as well
as the teachers. 1 hare referred a few
questions for jolnt-discnssion on that
day, upon whico, it is hoped, the Di
rectors and teat hers will unite in ex
pressing t'tcir opinions. The evening
session' will bo taken up with popular
lectures and readings.
(iV.seha l raouRA mme.
PROF. JOHN I. LADD
will discuss tho following subjects dur
ing the week : J'rimary Reading, Lan
guage, Composition, Play Ground, Tar-
lincss Communication, Corporal Pun
ishment, School Ktiquctto, How lo
Conduct a Recitation, Qualifications.
Pedagogics, otc.
col. t. r. COPELAND
lias, in addition to his evening lectures,
consented to address the Institute upon
lho following subjects: 1. Relation ol
tho Teacher to tho Slate, Family and
School. 2. Ivstholio Culture in Com
mon Schools. 3. Rad Roys and Girls.
4. How to Read.
DR. It. I. IIIHHEE,
who is making a tour of the Stats dur
ing the Institute season, will bo wilh
us ono day and evening. Ilo desires
to mako the acquaintance of tbe teach
ers and Bf boo officers of this, as woll
oilier counties, lie will address
the Traebors and Directors on Tues
day afternoon and lecture that evening.
eioi m. n. BriirwcK.
who is now serving his third term as
Superintendent of lbs Schools of Cam
oron county, Pa., has consented to spend
part of the week with ns. lie Is one
of tho progressive school men of the
State, and his live lams, wnico nave re
ceived the most favorable mention
wbcrevor he has been, will prove
most favorable to us.
To be continued next tr.