EDUCATIONAL.
DY K L. McQUOWlf.
TUB
- CLEARFIELD REPUBLICAN,"
CLKARFIILD, FA.
BITAHLIIHBO 1 latt.
The largest Circulation ifm) Newspaper
In North Central Penusylvauia.
Terms of Subscription.
If paid l KlniH, or wllbla I aiontha...
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ion, tlmee or loll tl
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le-merea-. ..20 00 1 ooloinB-.. 120 00
O. B. bOODLANPBR,
Pobllihor.
?aiti(rs" (Carfls.
jj w. SMITH,
ATTORNEY-AT-LAW,
!1:1:TI Clearfield, Pa.
J J. LINGLE,
ATTORNEY-AT - LAW,
lit llellefblite. Pa. y:pd
JOLANDD. SWOOPK,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
Curwenaellle, Clearfield eounty, Pa,
oct. , 'TS-lf.
0
SCAU MITCHELL,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
CLEARFIELD, PA.
O0e la "Old Weitora building," (up .lain).
u,t 'T" ir
JSRAEL TEST,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
Clearfield, P.
jkar-OffieB on Market .treat, three doori iu t or
Juiepb ab.w i roiideaee.
jyll.'oT)
"yil. M. McCOLLOUGII,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
CLEARFIELD, PA.
Off In bliionie building, Soeond elreet, op.
polite lb. Court llouM. Je2o,'78tf.
C. ARNOLD,
LAW & COLLECTION OFFICE,
CURWKN8VILI.E,
.2S Clearfield County, Pena'o. Toy
C T. BROCKBANK,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
CLEARFIELD, PA.
Offee In 0pm llou.r.
p 26,77-lj
Wn. A. W a LLACf -TUnn L. Knell,"
llaenr F. Wall in W. K. Will. in.
ALLACE & ICR CBS,
ATTORNEYS-AT-LAW,
Janl'sl Clearfield, Pa.
s
MITil V. WILSON,
tttornri-at-Lair,
CLEARFIELD, PKNN'A.
aKr-OnVe la tho M.aoolo Building, Second
trvet, r-oerly oppoilto Ibo Cosrt JJouie.
mtlt 80. J
J I'. SNYDER,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
CLEARFIELD, FA.
Ofnoe oyer tho Couoty National Bonk.
o Juno 2, '111.
jRANK O. HARRIS,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
CLBAnriaui, Pkbi'a.
Klnt-olail Llro od Fito Inlnranca Compaal.l
repre.ented.
drOSieo In the Optra Ilonst.'tfc
" Mr. 10. "HI -1
raae. a. auBRAT... crnri oobdob.
JJIJRRAY & GORDON,
ATTORNEYS AT LAW,
CLEARFIELD, PA.
r-Oflee la Flo'l Opora llouie, reeond loor.
:J0'T4
w
ILLIAM A. UA&KRTY,
OKI'ltK over T. A. Fleck efc Cu.'b (or,
CLEARFIELD, PENN'A
pif-WIll attend to all local bu.lueil wllb
pruuptooai and fldolitjr. fibl,'fl-tf.
,0.1TB B. 'lAU.T PABIBI. W. 'C1IDT.
jyjcEXALLY & MoCURDY
ATTORNEYS-AT-LAW,
deal-fluid. Pa.
jrar Legal bfliloon attondod to promptly wlthj
oddity. Offleo oa fioaood itroot, above :bo Flrit
.National Bank. JamliJI
J F. MoKENRICK,
DISTRICT ATTORNEY,
CLEARFIELD, PA
All local builaoii animated to hit aaro will re
eelvo prompt atlf ntioa.
aT-Offloe la tbo Coart Homo.
aul,l70-l7.
G. K3AMER,
A T T O R N E Y A T - L A W ,
Rtal E.late and Colloolloa Aoat,
tl.KAKKIKl.l), PA.,
Will promptly ittand to all lagal bnlioon on
tro.tod to hit oaro.
JPBTOIBoo IB Fla'l Opara IIuBM. janl'Td.
Xi-o
JOHN L. CUTTLE,
ATTORNEY AT LAW.
i. a rmI F.itala Af eut. Clearflelil, Pa.
sRoapootfally offara hla larvleaala lolling
aad buylBf land! la Claarlald aad adjoining
y.ari al a tarToyor, lattarl blmi.Ktbal bo oaa
nndor aallafaotloa. Fab. JSiMitf,
gltlisttlaiia' gnrda.
J-JR E. M. SCHEURF.R,
HOMEOPATHIC PHYSICIAN,
Offioa Ib roildoBoa oa Flrat at
April 24, 1ST. ClaarOald, Pa.
TAR. W. A. JIEAN8,
1-HYSICIAN k SURGEON,
DUBOIS CITY, PA.
Will attond profaMloaal oalla promptly. noglO'TO
ryx. t, J. uoiF.R,
fllYSICIAN AND SUROBON,
OBoo oa Marbat Straal, Claarfiald, Pa.
M"0Bloo boom to 12 a. ., and lie p-
Yy.. 3. KAY WRIGLEY,
HOMEOPATHIC PHYSICIAN,
tr-OUlM adjolnlag tbt rtrldtaco f Jamtt
Writlay, Kia., oa 8ooood 6U, Cltartald, Pa.
JoTyjITOtl.
Q C. JKNKIN8, M. D.,
PHYSICIAN AND SURO EON
Cl'RWRN6VILL, PA.,
0co at rtildtaeo, otrotrof Stale and Plat
I,,,.,,. J ao. tib, IMUI.
Jri. n. B. VAN VALZAH,
CLEARFIELD, PEMWA.
OFFICE IN RESIDENCE, MBNFR OF FIRST
AND PINE STREETS.
pf Oltoo boara From II to I P. M.
May II, 1ST.
jyt. J. T. BURCH FIELD,
OLBARFIBLD, PENN'A,
targtoa of tbt 0.14 Reglaeat, Paaatylnnla
Valaolaart, darlag Iba lata war, of tra hli pro
fanlaaal lartltti 10 Iba tlUiaat ol Cl.arl.ld
toaaty, ...
M-Prohtilaal talli praaintly attoadad to
Otaa oa Oaooad tlrtoi, oa M. I. tkMik.
aprVII-Mj
CLEARFIELD
GEO. B. QOODLAHDER, Editor i Proprietor. PRINCIPLES, NOT MEN. TEBMS-$2 pr annum iu Advanoe.
VOL. 55-WHO.LE NO. 2,747. CLEARFIELD, PA., WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 9, 1881. NEW SERIES-V01, 22, NO. 41.
J OH M'OIIK All bind, of Job. or. alaculad
In Iba bait maanar at tbia offioa.
HENRY BRETH,
(OITKIID P. O.)
JUSTICE OF THE PEACE
FOB BKLL TOWXIBir.
May , IHTI.IyO
JAMES MITCHELL,
DCALBB IB
Square Timber & Timber Lands,
Joll'TI CLEARFIELD, PA.
V, HOYT,
Land Surveyor and Civil Engineer,
PHILIPSBl'Rn, PA.
rAII builnati Bill bo altaada I to promptly.
Dro. li, ISSO ly.
REUBEN HACKMAN,
House and Sign Painter and Paper
Hanger,
Clearfield, Penu'a.
)HuWlll aioeuto johi In bii lino proa tly and
In a workmanlike mannrr. arri,67
RANK F1KLDING
AND
WILLIAM D. DIGLER,
CLEARFIELD, PA.
Not. ITth, IStO It.
WEAVER & BETTS,
DttALEM IX
Real Estate, Square Timber, Saw Legs,
AND LUMbKK OF ALL KINDS.
f-V-Ofllnt on 8aond lrett to ror of itr
roin of Uoorgc Wrw h Oo. janD, '78-tf.
RICHARD HUGHES,
JUSTICE OF THE PEACE
MB
lltcalur Totruthlp,
Oioaola Will. P. O.
All offlfial bn.lnafl anlraitad to bim will be
promptly attended t. mch2v, 'TO.
JAMES H. TURNER,
JUSTICE OF TUB I'liACK,
M aiurctoti r.
jegflU bn prftpkral biniietf witb til Iba
aitcai.iTj blttbk form nodar lb Pent-ion snd
BuoDtt Ikwi, m well at blink Lei)i, tlo. Ail
.Kavl tuiiuai entruilei to hu earn wtH recti t
pruupt tUctitioB. May llh, i8Jt'-tf.
G. H. HALL,
PRACTICAL PUMP MAKER,
NEAR CLEAUFIKLD, FENN'A.
CATPampi alwaya on band and made to order
au abort notice. Pipea bored on reasonable terme
All work warranted to render lallitaotion, and
delivered If deilred. ny:lypd
Hvery Nlable.
THE onderalaned beeo leave to Intortn thepob.
lie that he ia Bow tolly prepared to aeoommo.
date all In tbe way of furnlihfng (U.lei, Pogniea,
Haddlei end llarneat, oa the ahorteit notice and
en reaaonable Urml. Reiidenrr on I.ocn.t itreet,
between Tblra and Fourth.
(IKO. W. nEARHART.
Ilaarteld. F.b. 4. IST4.
B. C. RRAO W. A. MAQRBTT
JEAD & HACiERTY,
FIRE, LIFE AND ACCIDENT INSURANCE
AliENCV.
CffleelB Orabam Building, Market atrett.
Cleaittld I'cnn'i.
June li, 1881-lf.
THOMAS H. FORCEE,
BBALBB
GENERAL MERCHANDISE,
CRAHAHTON, Pa.
Alio.extenaiTe manufaeturer and dealer In fiqnare
Timber and bawed Lumber of all kinda.
tT-Ordorl aolielted and all bill! promptly
tiled. t'jylOTl
S. I. SNYDER,
PRACTICAL WATCIIMAKKR
ABB DBALBB IR
LWatcboiij Clocks and Jonclry,
Orakmn't tow, Markt Stmt,
ci.EAKHici.r), pa.
All klndi of npilrlng la my Una promptly at
ended to. Jan. lit, I1T0.
coal:
COAL ALL THE YEAR!!
TUB aubArtbr faariby gWci not If that b
li anw dolirtrioi ooi ol ao aicallrot quality
atitl propoifi to optrata bit mloa
triATEn9
8n that ba will b tDablad to mpply bit euitdtuari
at all iimei wttn gam iui. no mnitr vaoa
lion. Orderi by Bill promptly fillfd.
K. KM. 8IIAW.
Clrarflnltl, Pa , Mtrrb t, 1881-tf.
Clearfield Nursery.
ENCOURAGE HOMK INDUSTRY
THR ndernUnod, hartnc itabliihdd a Nor"
JL lry on tbt 'Plkf, about btlf way batwara
Cltarflelij and Curwrnirilla, li nraparad to for
oiib all kinJi of FRUIT TKKKS, (itandard aod
dwarf,) BrrrgraaDa, Hbrubbary. Gmpa Vtnoa,
Oooi-abatry, LawtoB Blakbrry, Htrawharry,
and Raipbtrry Vlnca. Alto, Sibarlan Crab Tract,
(Jalno, and aarly acarlct Khnbarb, Ac. Ordars
promptly attainted to. Addrati,
J. b. WHIOHT,
ap20 - Curwamvilla, Pa.
MEAT MARKET.
F. M. CARDON dt BEO.,
Oa Freond it, north of the Miailon lloaio,
CLEAKFIL'LD, PA.
Oar arranemanta are rf the mo.t empletr
ebaraeler lor furnlihlag tha publie witb Freab
Meauof all bind, and of tbielrybeit quality.
We alio deal la all kloj. of Afrleultoral Imple
menu, which we keep on oablbilitn for the ben
efit of tbe noblie. Call an. end wbea la Iowa,
aad lake a look at thing., or addreu oi
F. M. CAKDON A BRO.
Clearfield. Pe., Joly 14, l7-tf.
CABBOLL b. BinbLB.
flearflold Insurance ARcnoy.
fa ft ft eV BHHUE, Jttnt$,
Repralealthe fnIloelc an I otbar Int-elaH Co'l
Companlil. Al.rti
Llerrpool London A Olobi-U. . Br.4.I.M
I, rooming motual A oaih plana.... MM.Oiltl
Pbo-nll, of ll.rlfnrd, Conn t.Al'
tnturanoa Co. of North America ,1.1M74
North Brltl.b A Mereenlle-U. 8. Br. l.TH.BM
grotil.h Commercial I). I. Branch.... 7,H
Walartown t"t,l
Trae.leri (Life A Accldentl e,4W,4M
Office OB Market ft., p. Conrt llooie, Cleer
eld. Pa. Jone 4. 'TO-tf.
Insurance Agency
OF
WILLIAM 0. HELMBOLD,
I'nlloH ttlotk, Cnnrrrllle, Va.
Companiei EepreEented I
Commercial l-.l-a In.. Ca. A-ela M' '" "
F.re..B'. F.Bd I... Co., Ami. IJ J
t'.loa loiariaee Co.. A...U ,
Tia.alert'Aecidenl Inl Co. Aetata.. ,4I.1414
IZiZ. 'l !. Crf New Ycr. A. .. 4.W
lo.Braaee alaeed oa all kiaal af property at
.lable rat...
VarWfBlTIHO, re., .
A JiEMAItKAIiLE WOMAN.
"Thure ia a woman aittinjr thure in
Hint cell in Sun i-'nuicifcf) whoso bin
try ia a very rumurkuble out)," miid
tho turnkey nf the city prison. The
woman pat with bowuil bead uptin a
roiijrii wooden ticnm in tho cornor oi
tho utio umially ai'signi tl to inebriated
leinuleH. llor bat and ehawl had been
torn iilT in her reniolante to nrrcul, and
her lun); black huir hunn down, iirm-
in a eompleto veil over her fuco. Iter
dri'hB was lorn and dirty, and upon tho
whole Hlie ran pilianlu object a eom
pleto pkmro ol abject inmcry and
dei-pair. Shortly afterward alio arose
mid advanced to I he bam, and in coaroc,
houmo lomn, and a mixture or oaths
and imprecation, domanded a drink ol
water. An tho gas raja fell upon her
countenanco tho r'porlor recujrniittd
her. It wan Hello Siddona, alius Jline.
VeKlal, aliua Mrs. JJullot, tho noud
feneo and doctor for tho lilack llills
rt.ad a'onlu.
liellu Siddons wna known during tho
fiiHt two yearn ol tho war of tbo re
bellion an tho belle of St. Louis. A
relative ol I bolusl Governor hefiiro the
war broke tint, tbo bad made quite a
seiiMtlioiiiii Jefferson City on her debut
in society. Comingdirect to tho Slato
capital liom tho Female University at
Lexington, Iter acconiplisbments and
rernarkublo beauty, combined with her
dititinguiahcd litmily connections, won
for her the homage of all tho gay
youths in the Statu capital. Intensely
Southern at heart, this beautiful gill
reigned over the minds of ull tho
cluvulrio youth then prciiarinir to
march forlb to follow the Stato flnu
Kiulhwaid. Her mostdcvolod admir
ers were tbo Union officer attached
to General llalleck'a or General (tur
tle's boadtinariers. Slia rode with them,
danced with them and might bo been
almost nightly in their company at
Do liar's Opotn Ilotmc.
In December, 18C2, General Curtis
ordered her arrcit us a py. Ono of
her admirers, attached toLurtis 8 nliiH,
had warned her of the impending
danger, and she attempted to escape
southward by tho usual "grapevine
railroad," known only to .Southern ym-
iialhiKeis. hue was captured near Mo.
Genevive, witb positive evidence of
her guilt in her possession, and brought
to St. Louis. When beluro General
Seholield tbo proud Southern beauty
daringly announced her own guilt.
She confessed to having kept Generals
Forrest and Sterling l'nee informed
ot every movement made at tho Union
General beadquarlors, and claimed tho
honor of assMing Forrest in his well-
executed raid on tbo Memphis and
Mobile Railroad, which cut off Grant's
supplies at Holly Springs and com
pelled him to tuke the river route to
Vit ksburg. Sho was sent to the Gratiot
street rchol prison, from whence she
was permitted t't go South a few
months altcrwnrd, through tho influ
ence of her remarkable beauty upon
tho Provost Marshal General.
Uer career in the South is known
only to herself, as sho declines to speak
of it. She reappeared soon alter the
closoof tho war its a successlul lobby
ist at Jefferson Cily. While the Legis
lature ot 1871 was in session Miss Sid
dons suddenly fell in love with a band
somo young sport from Kansas City
named Newt llullct, to whom she was
married, and started with him to
Texas, llullct died of yellow fovor,
and his widow lelt tho "Lono Star
Stato" for tho northwest country,
whero fho appeared in a new rolo. Dis
carding tho namo of her husband
(Hallet), she assumed his business as
furo dealer, under the name of Mmo.
Vestal. Thousands who hove visited
such places as Wichita and Kllsworih
the cattlo headquarters in Kansas
and Cheycnno and Dead wood will re
member seeing this remarkable wo
man, attired in velvets, luce and dia
monds, presiding over a faro tuble, or
sometimes twirling tho roulette wheel
in tho most popular gambling saloons
in those cities. There she would sit,
night after night, month alter month,
pale, stern and impassive.
Sho boasted that the had never dono
a kind act, returned a dollar won or
asked a favor since she became a gam
bler. Said alio: "My luck was invaria
ble, and 1 bad a superstition that if I
allowed tbe first thought ol kindness
to enter my soul it would bruuk the
spell. 1 batod every man who enme
to ulav against me: they camo to
break my bank, why should 1 spare
them? jlv husband novcr gave bock
money or spared either friends or foe
in any play, why should 1?" She
went to tho wildest excesses in dissipa-
lion. When not silting behind her
gambling tnblo, sho was eating or
drinking. Hut sho was never known
to drink in her gambling hall. There
sho would sit, silent and brilliant,
coldly shuflling tho curds or carelessly
twirlinff her roulette wheel. Women
sho despised, and seldom spoke to or
of them. Sho never quarrelled or ex
changed words ot anger. Her prompt
argument was her pistol, which always
lay besides her stacks of money. Her
lavorito costumo was red or bluck
velvet, ornamented with a profusion ol
gaudy jewelry, mostly diamonds and
rubies. Her luxuriant black hair usu
ally hung carelessly looped over her
shoulders with gold and diamond elaps.
This sensational costume, she said,
was a part of her stock in trado.
When the Detdwool and other
Dlack Hills gold diggings were creat
ing excitement in lHTtl Mmo. Vcsiul
chartered a four horso omnibus in Den
ver, bad it modelled into a beautiful
boudoir and bed room, and attended by
several of her attendant sporting men
with wagons loaded with tents and
gambling furniture, started for the
Ulack Hills. On her arrival there sho
opened her gambling palace under can
vas. There it wai sue oocamo ao-
nuaintcd with Archie Cummings, a
1 ... tr . I
lormer guerrilla on tne tvansas ooruer,
and with whom this slrungo woman
It II madly in love. Through bun Mmo.
Veslal became acquainted with the
well organised gang of stago robbers
and road agents wbo lor several years
made tho stago roads between tho
Dlack Hills and tho Union Tacitio
liailroad anything, but a pleasant routo
for people with money. Mme. Vestal,
according to her own confession, bo
camo the confidante and adviser of the
gang. No robbery was undertaken of
which she disapproved and nono lancu
in which she advised and planned the
details. Sitting in tho gambling hall,
quiet and observant each night, sbo
could hear tho convocation of all kinds
of peoplo. Detectives wcro lured to
her table bv "earner and stoerors"
sent out lor that purpose, and by ber
permitted to win money, while sho
listencu to ineir nnivuwnwii ii'i
road agent. Uy this means olio was
enabled to keep the gang posted as to
what was going on when treasure
was going to bo sent out or when a
gold laden miner was about to lalte
tbo stago for tha railroad. Wbcn the
road agents wore surprised by a party
ol armed officers eonccalod In a decoy
treasure coach between Dead wood and
and it tipid City in 1877 Archie. Cum
mings and ono of his pals were wound
od and Alex. Cas.welt killed. This
strange woman at once abandoned her
gambling paluco and went out into the
woods to where her lover and his patt
ner lay helpless and wounded and
there attended their wants. Not dur
ing to bring a surgeon from Deudwood
to dress their wounds, lest detectives
should tollow to their place of biding,
these wounded robbers must have died
bad not .Mme Vestal tome to their
assistance. She hud learned something
ol surgery while in the South during
tho wur.und.accordingto her own state
ment, was competent to extract a bul
let or set a limb as well as any surgeon
in tho hills. Her cunning devices
bulH'.-d alUlforta to discover tho hiding
place of her beloved stage robber and
bis companion, and by hor manago
ment tney wcro oven taken into Dead
wood unseen by tbo detective and
thero treated successfully for their
wounds, and font forth again to prey
upon tho stago line.
About this lime (1877) Mmo. Vcstul
soeins to havo first met her evil genius,
or at least a man who neither feared
ber nor her lormidnhlo influence as
queen of tho desperadoes and sports
in the hills, -lioono Hay, tho present
young and daring chief til detectives
on tho Sydney, Chnyenno and lilack
llills stago line, was then a stage
driver. Cunning, reckless and brave
to a degree almost incredible, ho won
his way to tho favor of Mmo. Vostal,
and by his careless manner and guy
and festive stylo attracted the atten
tion ot tho lemalo gambler, and soon
won Irom hersufllcient information to
put him on the trail of tho road agents,
lioono Muy nover talks to newspaper
men if bo can avoid it, and ho has
never revealed the details of thu tragedy
hero related. Tbo story w as told by
the woman on what sho supposed to
ho her death bed, and in such an ex
cited and disjointed manner that only
the oullinos could bo obtained, lioono
Muy and his gang succeeded in obtain
ing such iiilormulion Irom Mine. Vcsiul
as justified him in fending a dispatch
to Cheyenne, which caused tho arrost
of Archio Cummings and two of his
companions just as ihey woro boarding
the west bound trnin at Laramie Cily,
on their way to San Francisco, where
Mine. Vctal had arranged to lollow
them. Tbey wero sent to Cheyenne
and Irom thero under guard to Dead-
wood.
Soon after crossing the 1'latto river,
near Fort Larumie, u party ol armed
men slopped tho couch and took tho
three road agerts from it and hung
them ono by one, using tho sumo rope
for each, allowing tho last to see tho
first kick and struggle before suffering
tho same penalty. Archio Cummings,
not yet recovered Irom his wounds
asked permission to pray and for time
to write a farewell letler to his mother.
This was granted on condition that ho
gave tip tho names ot his conleduiatcs
in crime and revealed tho biding place
of his money, occutnulutcd Irom fre
quent stao robberies. 'This he de
clined, lit) was then offered his life
if ho would give up bis bidden treas
ure. He accepted the conditions, and
uiier revealing tho hiding plaeo of his
stolen gold hu was at once strung up
and a notice written and posted warn
ing all persons to let tho bodies hang.
This was on Cottonwood Creek, ontiio
Haek Hills and Fort Luramio stago
rnai. Ono of tho vigilants, for a
share of ihe dead Cummings' money,
related tho details of the tragedy to
his paramour, Mmo. Vestal, who, after
attempting to drown bcrgriel in liquor,
took an overdose of poison. On her
recovery Mmo. Vestal announced her
determination to kill lioono May and
every mull engaged in the banging of
her pet. lint up to this timo Boone
May still lives, tho torror of tho rene
gades and desperadoes of tho lilack
llills and western Nebraska.
From tho timo of her attempted
suicido this rcmnrkahto woman ap
pears to havo lost all of hor character
istic courago and surrendered herself
to drink. Sho appeared in Lendvillo,
Colorado, during the Full and Winter
of 1879, wbero sho mado horsell qnito
prominent as the proprietress of the
largest music hull and danco-bnuso on
State street. From thero she says
sho drilled to I. as Vegas, Now Mexico,
and thonco to Tuoson and Tombstono,
at each plaeo losing monoy in gambling
and speculation. She says she arrived
in Sun Francisco last May, since which
timo sho has been living alono in a
furnished room on Kearnoy street.
She still possesses some money, suf
ficient, perhaps, to kocp her until her
limited life is ended, for sho is fast
drinking herself Into tho grave. A
slavo to opium and brandy, this once
bright ornament of St. Louis socioty
must soon find her way to tbo oblivion
of tho grnvo of tho stranger. There
havo been few women who Btartcd out
in lil'o with brighter prospects or under
more brilliant auspices. Beautiful, ac
complished, highly connected and well
educated, sho might havo chnson her
placj in tho highest wulksof life. Hor
career has been eventlul and exciting.
She has passed through the several
phasesof life, bello of society, affianced
bride, spy, ho'pilnl nurHO, lobbyist,
gambler wile, gambler, confederate
of robbers, saloon keeper, and now,
after wandering all over the fionticr,
sho finds horsell behind the bars of tho
femalo cell in I he city jail of San F"ran
cisco. S,m J-tancitct' Examiner.
A FEW WORDS TO THE HOYS.
Don't trouble yourselves about tho
details of your business. Lcavo small
things to small minds. You wore born
to bo at tho top, and of cotitso a way
w ill be provided for getting you there.
II you would moke your mark in tho
world, never learn to writo.
Do you wish to bo men 7 Lcnrn to
chow, smoko and drink. It will bo
hard to distinguish you Irom tho real
article.
Always bear in mind that you are
mado of superior clay, and it will not
bo long ere everybody will bo forced to
admit it.
It is well for you to know that Hie
girls aro all dying lor you. You can
not help but pity thorn, but then it is
not your fault. This should teach yon
resignation.
Strive to tret all the leisure timo you
can. It will mako older and busier
nersons envr vou.
Kpoak your mind freely. It shows
that yon possess such an article
Characterize as nonsensoovery thing
that vou cannot understand, ion will
find a great deal of nonsense in tho
world.
Nover fear to do wrong. Don't be a
coward. Always do the right thing
wbon the right thing will pay.
W hen you havo anything to do, don't
huiry about doing it. Takoyourown
timo, or your employer's, which is tho
lame thing. If he discharge! you, you
will hare the satisfaction of knowing
that he will bo tho loser of not having
your vuluublo services.
Muko acquaintances only among
thoso beneath you, if you can find
such. It is pleasant to be looked up to
us an oracle or pattern.
Shun thoso who aro able to teach
you anything in life or business, it is
not agreeable to be overshadowed by
anybody. Dcsido, who wants to bo in
school ull bis Mo t
lie above politeness, That will do
well enough lor women and children ;
but a man should despise all such loof
ishness.
People wbo talk about sticking to
principle aro bumbugs or ninnies. JNev
er mind principle whero money is to bo
mado.
Never stop to consider. Mako up
your mind ulomo. It shows prompti
tudo of decision.
Having once mado up your mind,
stick to your deciyon) I'eoplo may
call you an obstinate mule, but woids
harm nobody. If you aro pig headed,
others may suffer, but you nuver.
Stand up for your rights, especially
among women and timid Mks. You
muy yield a point whero tbo other
puny is stronger thun you are.
Watch cureiully over your passions.
A man without passions wuuld be a
dull creature.
Don't bo too squeamish abcut telling
the truth. Only noodles never lie,
Knduro others' trials patiently.
Fight life's battles in thoeaiiest way.
Remember that it is thu nuttier, and
not the soldier, who makes money out
of war.
Never injure your health by hard
work. If you must loso it, lose it in a
pleasant win-.
Honor your father and yourmothor
by showing them how much wiseryou
aro than they. You can do this in no
easier way than by rejecting all their
counsel and admonition.
Tuke every occusion to denounco ro
ligioM and morality as humbugs and
shams, un 1 everyone who upholds
them as a bypocrito and impostor.
Kverybody loves a Irank, open nature.
lieliovo ull you hear derogatory of
anotlici a character, iho Jiiblu, you
know, saya that mankind is naturally
depraved.
If you hear anything against a per
son, repoat it to as many as you can.
It is well to put peoplo on theirguard.
In tho company ot ladies, talk freely
of liquor saloons, ballot girls and poker
playing. Ladies naturally lako to such
young gentlemen. They aro so inter
esting. . Don't go to church if you can avoid
it, but if you must go, take caro to
show your intelligent contempt lor the
worship and tho worshippers.
F'ollow theso few directions, boys,
and you will at lust attain a high posi
tion in tho world. It muy bo tho gal
lows, but it will be a high place, never
theless. ASSASSIXATIOSS.
Assassinations and murders of rulers
and men of prominence have been
confined to no parlttulur age, nation
or civilization. Ambition, envy, jeal
ousy, cupidity, re, age, fanaticism and
disordered bruins havo been the pre
vailing causes. Secret assassinations,
publiu murders, tho subtle work of
poison, death at tho hand of the mob
or by a band ot conspirators, all have
been tbo results of ono or moro of tbo
causes enumerated. A brief sketch of
a few of the prominent causes recorded
will be sufficient to show how tew and
small the reasons in all cases have been
in proportion to thoenoimity of the
offences.
As far ba.;k as tho yoar 1!80 B. C,
Feiidun or l'liridtin, who was pro
claimed K.ng of Persia, in the year
2010 li. 0., was celebrated lor his
wisdom, divided his kingdom among
his thrco tons. To Tur, the eldest, he
gave the eastern division, including
India and Tartury, Irom which it was
called Turan or Turkestnn. ToSnlme
or Selm ho gavo tho westorn portion,
including Asia Minor and J'.gypt, be
stowing tho title "Kai sav" on him,
from which probably is dorived tho
present term "Kodivo" or "Khcdivo."
To Iran or Irago, tho youngest, ho
gave Persia proper, thence named
"Iran," bestowing tho tillo ot "Shan,
which is still retained by Persian
Kings. Jealousy on tho part ol Tur
led to a war between him and Iran,
was assassinated by his two brothers.
His death was avenged by bis son
Maniieiuhr, who met Tur ar.d Selm in
battle and slew them, and who was
subsequently appointed by F'eridun as
his suecossor. In the year 18:17 K. C.
Laius, a King ol Thebes, was slain by
his son (F.dipus, afterward notorious
in hiftory for resolving the enigmas of
tho sphinx, becoming King ol Thebes
and marrying his own mother. Twelve
yoars luter, 126. 11. C, Phryxus was
murdurcd by tho King ot uoienn.
Amaesa, who was uppointcd captain
ot tho host by Absalom when ho re
belled, assassinated by Joan, whom ho
succeeded in the yenr 1022 11. C.
Komulus, famed in history as tho
builder ol Home, wbs murdered by the
Senators 710 B. C, allor reigning
thirly soven years. 1 ho story given
out to account .lor his disappearance
was that ho ascended to the sky during
a thunder storm. Xerxes the Great
was assassinated by Artabanus, ono of
his officers, and (lie eunuch Spamilres,
in the year 40.") II. C, and Dunns, his
elder son, murdered. Tho same yoar
tho conspirator Artabanus was put to
death by ArtaxorxcB L, who succeeded
Xerxes on tho throno. Cotys, King
of Thrace, was assassinated in the year
J0 B. C. In the year 310 B. C. Lais,
the celebrated courlexan, was stoned
to death in Corinth. Sho was contem
poraneous with Phryno, who at as a
model for Praxiteles' "naked Venus,"
which was found al Milo, A. I). 1820,
and is esteemed as thu most perfect
specimen of Greek art. Artaxerxes I II
otherwise culled Oi bus, a King ol Per
sia, who murdered bis father's surviv
ing children, was poisoned by Uagoas,
a eunuch to whom he had intrusted
the direction of tho government in the
year It. O. This was eventually
lollowcd by a rudo justice, almost
rnetic. In tho year X10 B. C. Darius
II. exocuted llogoas, who had mado
bim ruler by murdering Arses, whom
ho had previously raised to the throno
by tbo murder ol his father Oehus.
Indeed this eunuch llogoas had a per
fect genius lor murder, and would
doubtless have disposed of Darius in
iho samo manner as ho did hifl prede
cessors, had not Darius anticipated
bim. Antiochns II., King ol Syria
and Babylonia, otherwise known as
Then, so named by the Milesians
whom be delivorcd from their tyrant
Timarcbus, In fulfillment ol a treaty
with Ptolemy ol Egypt, repudiated
his queen Laudice, and al the death of
Ptolemy again took her into lovor.
She, however, poisoned him in the
year 210 B. C, In order to secure the
throno lor ber son. Anliochus V. was
murdered in the year 102 U. C. by bis
cousin Demetrius Soter, who Buccecded
REPUBLICAN,
him on the throne. Anliochus VI.
was murdered by Tryphon, 142 yearB
B. C, who usurped tbo throno.
Cleopatra, daughter ol Philip of Muco
don and sistor of Alexander the Great,
was assassinated by order of Antignnus
alter tho death ol her brother. Adher
bal, King of Numidia, was slain by his
cousin Jugertha, 112 years II, C.
Crassus, tho ltonian triumvir, noted
tor his great wealth, was treacherously
killed in tho year 611 li. C. in a con
ference with Surena, tho Purthian gen
eral, by whom bo bad boen defeulcd
in battle. Ptolemy XII. of Kgypl
reigned jointly with Cleopatra Irom
SI to 48 .it. C, when tho Quoen was
expelled. Sho was subsequently mado
Queen with Ptolemy's brother on the
throne as King, but sho rendered bis
reign merely nominal, and murdered
him in the year 43 11. C. This was
the same year that Cicsar was assas
sinnted in tho itomon Sonato Hall.
From this dato until the sad scene
on Calvury's hill no assassination or
murder worth noting occurred. Cali
gula (Cuius Cu'sar) was assassinated
by Cussius Cbrerena, a conspitntor, in
tho year 41 A, D. Aarclian, who,
born of li n m bio parents, entered tbo
army as private nud roso to tho highest
position iu it under Valerian, subse
quently becoming Emperor ot Homo,
was assassinated in tho year 275 by
his own officers. Hypatio, tho cele
brated female philosopher and mathe
matician, was murdered by Cyril, tho
christian patriarch, and his fanatical
monks in the year 415. Ludislaus 111.
of Hungary, surnamcd Cttman, was
assassinated in tho year 12H0 In the
year 1:151 Charles of Navarre assassin
ated Charles of Spain, und made public
avowal of tho fact at Madrid. Peter
tho Cruel, King of Spain, was deleated
at tho battle of Munteil in l.'iO'J, and
through the treachery of Du uuesclin
murdered. In this casa tho life of the
victim had furnished so many detesta
ble precedents, that tho crinio of his
Inking off can only bo considered as a
natural sequence Ju tho year 148.'l,
rendered memorublo as tbo ditto when
statutes were first printed, Edward V
ascended the British throno under the
protcelorato of itichard of Gloucester.
Gloucester, however, avowed his inten
tion of seizing the crown, in which
undertaking ho was supported by tho
Duko of .Buckingham. The Queen
and her children wero compelled to
seek sanctuary in Westminster. Tho
young King and the Duko of York
wcro imprisoned in tho Tower of Lon
don, and Gloucester, the Usurper, as
sumed tho throne as Iiichard III.,
Jvno 20. Then followed tho murders
of Lord Ilivcrs and others in Pomlret
Cuttle, and of Edward V and his
brother in tho Towor. Pirarro, the
conqueror of Peru, deleated Almagro
in 1 jilS, made bim a prisoner and exe
cuted bim. To avengo his death, a
conspiracy was formed by Almagro
tho younger, which resulted in tho as
sassination ot Pixarro in 1541. Asa
rulo, the crime of assassination cannot
bo justified on any ground whatever,
but in this instance it appears to havo
been tho only consistent end to a career
as perfidious as Pir.urro's. Tho fuel
of his murdering the lnca Atahuulpa
by tho garroto alter receiving a raa-
som estimated by I'rcscolt, tho histo
rian, to have amounted to over Sift,.
000,000, was alono sufficient warrant
lor bis sleuth by assassination, in
15S9 Henry 111. ol r rnnco was mur
dered by Clement, a monk, at the
Beigo of Paris, July 22. Henry was
tbo most detestable of the detested
houso of Vulois and tho last of that
lincago to sit on tho throne of Franco.
Ho w as succeeded by Honrv IV., King
of Navarro, surnamcd "tho Great," who
on the 14th of Muy, 1010, was mur
dered hy llavaillac. Several )crsons
are said to have died of grief on hear
ing of his murder, so popular was ho
with tho pooplo. Wallenntcin, Count
of and Duko ol Mecklenburg, Fried
land and Sagau, was a celebrated Ger
man General and tho story of his lifu
forms the subject of Schiller's greatest
tragedy. Tbo Duko of Bavaria and
others ot his enemies in 10:14 persuaded
the Emperor to distrust his loyalty.
Uo was accordingly deprived of bis
command and secret orders wero given
to Gallas and Piccolomini to arrest or
assasuinato him. Uo, after sundry
unsuccessful attempts to securo his
safety by negotiations with thoSwcdcs,
retired to tho Castle of iigor, where
ho wob assassinated in February, 10!!1.
Guslavus 111. ol Sweden, in 1702, at a
masked ball given at Stockholm, was
assassinated by ono of a bond of con
spirators composed ol Swcodish noblo-
men. 1 no assassin s namo was aukbt-
slrora. UiistiivuB was noted lor ins
talents as a statesman und was distin
guished as a poet und dramatist. This
brings the list down to the oeginning
of tho nineteenth century, sinco which
period tho assassinations and murders
of prominent persons havo been pub
lished iu various lorms in tno press
throughout tho country. Washington
Itepubhc.
STOLE A BANK.
Tltr. Ill ILDIlVd l4 ALL THAT IS
l.lOFr I
Til! CASH Kit OF A NATIONAL RANK
ROUS IT OF TWO 1111. LION POl.l.ARS.
Thn r.,ll,tuinrr rwttieM wna nnaleil On
the doors of Iho Mechanics' National
Bank at Newark. New Jersey, on tbo
morning of OcU ber 31st ; "Closed iu
conseqiiencoof slatemoiilsaffecting tho
bank made uy tno cushier to mo uoara
of Directors yoslerduy, which aro now
undergoing investigation."
Tho news camo hko a thunder clap
In a clear sky. The bank had been
looked upon as one of the strongest in
tbo Stale, and the cashier, Oscar L.
Baldwin, was ono ol tho most popular
mn in N'nwirL- a leading member
of Trinity Church, and received a sal
ary of .7,000. Peoplo could not un
derstand it. 1 he presidentol the nam
ia Joaenh A. llalsev. a man of oiifhtv
years of age, who had but little to do
with tbo management, the direction ol
affairs being chiefly in tho hands of
Oscar L. Baldwin, the cashier, and his
brother Theodore F. Baldwin, the re
ceiving toller. At a meeting of the
Directors, (Sunday, cashier jiaiuwin
told how he hud been robbing the bank
for a long time until two million dollars
had been stolon, anel in consequence tho
bank Is wholly and hopelessly insolv
ent. He bad thus far Nren aoie to
keep bis defalcations and misappro
priations occrel from the Board ol Di
h. m..nant litlnn entries, but
IBVIUID UJ ,,., ... , -- -
that a crisis bad come which prevented
i - i r....
him Irom aoing so any longer. nni
tho mooting of tho Boatd was ended
Cashier Buldwin returned 10 his homo,
whore he immediately took to his bed
from which be has not since risen.
He is under arrest. In 1873 tho cash
,p hmmn makinir loans to C. iSuircnt
k Co., morocco manufacturers, ol Now
York, without security or tbo sanction
nt tha directors, until thev crew to a
ruinous amount. Nugent would give
draft! on friend! in Now York, which
would bo credited to him al cash and
Baldwin would use tho tank's money
to take up tho the drafts when due.
Tbo books wore so falsified as to show
Iho account to he correct. Finally,
however, the losses wero placed in the
account of tbo Mechanics' Bunk in
Now York, tho agent of tho Newark
bank, so that while it appealed that
tho Newark bank had claims for two
million dollars against the New York
bank in truth tho Newark bank owes
Iho New York bank $200,000. This
difference is almost wholly dun to the
irregular transactions with INugcnt.
Baldwin said that ho bad speculated
very little and had not lost anything
in that way. District A ttornoy Koas-
bey says that .Nugent can ba bold
tiahlo lor his part of iho transaction.
The bank has been a most prosper
ous ono and has been payingdividends
ol fourteen per cent., seven per cont.
Bcmi amiuully. By its statement of
the 1st of October it bad a capital of
500,000, a surplus of 8400,000; its
deposit lino was over $2,400,000 and
it had $1,400,000 with its rescrvo
agent, tho Mechanics' National Bank
ot Now York, in fact, tbo Mechanics'
was considered tho strongest and safest
bank in Newurk almost too prudent
und conservative. Tho stock sold at
(180 a share par 6 I'm. While tho
examination of tho books is not yet
completed it is believed by tho Direct
ors that nothing is lelt but tho build
ing. Baldwin, tho cashier, is about
loriy-livo years old and entered tho
bank as a boy. Ho has a wife and
lour young children. Uo said to s
friend "1 am guilty und willing to go to
tho penitentiary." Christopher Nu
gent, of tho Morocco firm, has been
arrested on the charge ol aiding and
abetting Baldwin. Nugent says that
the amount discounted for their linn
was only (JlfiO.OOO. Tbe wholo loss
ol tho hank it ia thought will exceed
2,000,000. A receiver has been ap
pointed. ' PEA Til A T TEN MILES.
CASTINU OF A MONSTER CANNON CON
TAIN1NO POCKKTB AS WELL AS A
CIIASIIlElt.
Possibly the largest cannon ever
east in this country was run into Ibo
mould in the foundry ol tho Scott
Works ot tho iteading Iron Compunj-
at Heading, Pa., on Monday aftomoon,
October 24 Superintendent John
West had charge of tho operations,
and at two o'clock this morning two
largo reverberating furnaces wero
charged with C.I.OUO pounds of best
charcoal iron, modelrom Pennsylvania,
rsowJerscy and"4Jhamplain ore. Iho"
smcltering process continued until
threo o clock this ojlernoon, at which
hour the visitors arrived at tho foun
dry. Fronting the furnaoes was a
deep pit that hud been used in casting
somo of tho heaviest ordnance for tho
United Slates Government during the
war. in this pit was swung the
gigantio mould. Both moulds wcro
lapped simultaneously by buperinlcmr.
cnt West and Mr. Haskell, one of the
patentees. 'Iho molten iron from ono
iurnoco ran through an iron trough
lined with fire clay. The metal from
the other luruuco ran into an eleven
ton iron ladlo. Thero woro two open
ings at tho top of tho mould, and tho
flask was filled from tho bottom up
ward, evenly and regularly, until the
casting had been accomplished. Tho
iron was six minutes running through.
Tho gun is known as tho Lymann
Ilaskell accelerating or multi-charging
cannon, it lias a six inch boro. Its
peculiarity is that along tho boro aro
located four pockets from tho chamber
to tho mouth of tho piucc. These
pockets are filled with powdor, and
when tho powder in tho chamber is
discharged and tha ball moves, tho
poekot powder discharges as llio bail
passes each pocket and iho accelerat
ing forco is thus produced. The cham
ber powder is of coarser grain and is
therefore slower burning than that in
tho pockets. Tho invontors claim that,
ibis revolution in heavy ordnance will
enable them to throw a solid shot thrco
feet in length and weighing 150 pounds
a distance of at least ton miles, and
that it will penetrato through a solid
mass ot wrought iron twenty inches
thick. They claim also a velocity of
3,000 feet per second. Kach pocket
will bo loaded with twenty-eight
pounds of powder, and the chamber
will contain but eighteen pounds. Tho
mould will bo left in tho pit for several
days to cool, when tho great gun will
bo taken to the machine shops of the
company and finished. A small cast-
ing will yet havo to be mado, and then
the cannon will bo sent to Sandy Hook
for official inspection and trial. So fur
as is known tho casting was perfectly
satisfactory.
SALT FOR THE THROAT.
In theso days, when diseases ol the
throat aro so universally prevalent,
and in so many cases futul, wo fool it
our duty to say a word in behalf ol a
most effectual, it not nositivo, euro lor
soro throat. For years past, indeed
wo mav sav during tho whole ol a lile
of more than forty years, wo havo boon
subjected to soro throat, and moro par
ticularly to a dry nacKing cougn,
which is not only distressing to our-
self, but to our friends and thoso with
whom wo aro brought Into business
contact. Last r all wo wero induced to
try what virluo there was in common
salt. We commenced by using it three
tirncB a day, morning, noon and night.
We dissolved a largo tablespoonful of
pure salt in about balfnsmull tumbler
full of water. With this wo gurgled
tho throat mnt thoroughly jusl beloro
meal time. Tho result has been that
during the cnliro Winter wo wero not
only Irco Irom coughs and colds, but
the dry hacking cough has entirely
disappeared. Wo attribute these sot
isfaclory results solely to tho nso of
tho salt gargle, and most cordially
recommend a trial of it to thoso who
aro subject to diseases of tbo throat.
Many persons who have never tried
the salt garglo have the impression
that it is unpleasant. Such is not ill'1
caso. On the contrary, it is pleaeant,
and after a few days uo, n porson
who loves a nice clean month and a
first rate sharponorof the appetite will
abandon it.
Vaccination as practiced in China
has two pccular features. Tbo subject
is not operated on tho arm or leg, but
in tho nose ; and tho Government,
while it docs not compel people to sub
mit to Ihooporalion.practieally reaches
tho same end that it would by doing
so, by offering to parent! for every
child vaccinated a premium of 100
copper cash, which amount! to aliout
ten cents, and for a poor Chinaman in
his own country, a sum not altogether
to nodospiscd.
-a) 01 '
Pkruna had a remarkable good
effect on my danghtor'! Paralysis. W.
E. Duncan, Howickly.
LAST OF THE CENTENNIALS.
Tho lust of tho centonnial annircrsa
rlcs, commemorative ot the battles of
the Revolutionary War, bus boen held.
Tbey began with the centennial anni
versary of the battlo of Loxington,
fought April 10, 1775. From the
battle of Lexington, in Massachusetts,
lo tho surrender ol Cornwallis, at
Yorktown, Virginia, six years and six
mouths elapsed. Somo ono has said
the period embraced the "morning and
evening ol Independence." But thore
was no evening during the long Strug
glo. The sun of independence never
set. Once ahovo the horizon it never
declined, though often obscured by
clouds ol disappointment, defeat and
adversity. There were dark days ol
gloom and despondency ; days that
tried men's souls ; that put the strong
est fuitb and the loftiest patriotism lo
tho severest tests, but to Iho oyes of
Vt ashington and his compatriots, inde
pendence nevor lost the splendor ol its
dawning; hopo nevor lor an hour ab
dicated its seat; fuitb never relaxed
its grasp, and in the midst of disaster
and tho cheerless surroundings ol Val
ley Forgo, they saw tho happierperiod,
w hen tho country they loved should
stand tearless and unlettered among
tho Nations of the earth, crowned
with all tho glories of independence..
With tho surrender ot Cornwallis, on
October l!l, 1781, the iievoltitionary
war practically ended and independ
ence was secured, loung America
camo forth from tho baptism of blood
and llro, fully equipped for hor duties
and her destiny. Her heroes and
sages took their places high up among
the names ot the immortals, whero
they are to live and shine while the
planets maintain their unwearied flight
around the sun.
During tho entire struggle of tho
oolonics for independence, tho British
sent to America 131,000 soldiers. The
British Government employed Hes
sians and Indians, traitors and spies,
and perpetrated acts of savagory with
out a parallel in civilized warfare.
But it failed to subjugate tho colonies,
and at Yorktown Iho war camo to a
close. A contemporary says the lead
ing battles were Concord, Lexington,
Hunker XI ill. Long Island, White
Plains, Trenton, Princeton, Benning
ton, Saratoga, Monmouth, Cowpcns,
Kings Mountain, fcutaw Springs and
Yorktown. Many of tho others aro
especially local. Tho following is a
lull list of (evolutionary battles:
Lelinfftun (flrat lkirml,h; April 19. 1773
Tlsondera May 10, 1775
Hunker 11.11 ...Jone 17, 177j
Montreal (.'.than Allan taken) ....Brpt. 25, 1771V
St. John bi.ieied and eiptorld Nov. S, 1776
Mteat Bridge, Viraiaia Dee. , 1771
Ooebre, iMonitoiutr killed) Pee. At, 1 7 TA
Moor. (! llridel Fell. 17. 177"
ll.otun (Brltl.b n.d Mirrli 17, 177S.I
rort Balilven, tbarleitun H. June 17
Uni liland An(. 17, 1 7 7.1
Ilarltm Plaini bp. IS, 177
Whin Pl.ini Oot. J, 177
Fort Wa bloetoa Nor. In. 177(1
Trenton Pre. 27, I77S
Prineetn" ..ln, S, 1777
Hnbbarton Jolj 7, 1777
Bennington Aug. IS, 1777
Brendjxlno b.pl, II, 1777
Firat bittle of Uemii lliighu, Sar
atoga Sept. H, 1777
Paoll -Sept. 10, 1TTT
Uermntowo "ot. 4, 1777
Korli Clinton A Montgomery taken, Oot. S, 1777
beoond battle of Ileum Jielgbll, barn-
toga....
..Ool. 7, 1777
Rurrrnderof llurgone
Fort Mrroir
Oct U, 1777
Oot. 22, 1777
Nor. , 1777
....-Jone 2s, 1778
July e, 177S
Aug. 211, 177S
..Pee. JU, 177S
Fib. le, 1770
M.roh 9, 1J7II
Jone 20, 1779
Fort Mifllin
Mnnmoalb
Wyoming
(juibir Uill, It. I
Sirannah
Kettle Creek
Hti.r Creek
fttone Ferry
btODT Point-.
July IS, 17711
Paulm Hook Aug. 1.1, 17711
Chimung (Indian.)....- -.Aug. 211, 17711
girannab. - Aug. t, 17711
Cbarleiton (.urrindarto Brltiib)...May 12, 17M0
Springs. Id
June 2S, 1 7 SO
Knob Mount
Hanging Hook
.June 20, 17S0
...Aug. 6, 1780
.Aug. IS, 17S0
Oot. , 17S0
.Nor. IS, 17S0
...Not. 20, 1780
audr'i Creek, near CamJin.
King i Monnt.in
Fun Dam Ford, Uroid Hirer.
Illaskitoeki
Cowpeni H
Untllord I
Jib. 17, I7SI
March IS. 17SI
-April 2S, 17SI
..May and June, 1781
Ilobklrk'l Hill
Nioety-.it (beltrgeri).
Augu.ta (he.legodj
.May and June, l.st
Jamealowa July- 0, 1781
Kulaw bpringi S,p. S, 171
Yorktown Oot. It, 1781
To fight these battles tho colonies
put in tho field 200,000 Continentals
antl ou,ouo miniia, utiu wuu uiu oiu u,
the French our independence was fi
nally secured, Wo Blurt out on the
second century from Yorktown w ith n
population ot 60,000,000, and when
another hundred years aro gone, in
stead of 50,000,000, at least 100,000,000
of freemen will gather around the old
shrines lo sing "Yonkcd Doodlo" and
tho "Star Spangled Banner."
BIGGEST OCEAN STEAMER.
"Till! CUT OF HOME."
Engineers and seamen having de
clared tho Great Eastern was nevor
worthy tho namo ol steamship; the
mightiest vessel propelled by stoam
which over crossed tbo ocean arrived
in the hnrbnro! Now York on the 30lh
ult. Her length actually is 5x5 feel,
her length over all being GOO feet. Sho
has tlioamplcal accommodation lor 250
passengers, and in tho Bteorago 1,000
can bo provided for with morocomlort
than has heretofore been found npon
the most approved ol transatlantic
steamers. Tbo first voyago ol tbo
City ol 'Home from Liverpool to New
ork was in every respect an exeep
lional ono. Tho steamer sailed from
Liverpool In a strong gule of wind in
fact as old seamen express It, In the
lust cml of a nasty hurricane.
Arriving at tjuconstown aftor tho
most tempestuous voyago known lor
years, tho ship held lor iwclvo noun.
lo maKO necessary preparations ior i"
first voyago across the Atlantic, l-rom
the beL'itiiiinr thevovaue was a stormy
one, and it conlinned so alfCt to tho
end. On tho first night alter leaving
Quccnstown a slop ' n hour was
iieceasitated br a Oot piston thirty-
six hours altcr-ards Ihe breaking of
the turning wheel compelled astoppago
of twelve hours subsequent to thoso
mishaps si"!1" of longer or less duration
were necessitated by tbo breaking of
th steering grar, by tho heating of
bearings, and olhor causes. Upwards
of twenty fivo hours wore consumed in
this way. Despite Buch stoppages, how
ever, and notwithstanding tho lad lhat
tho City ol Home was called upon to
encounter storms of an exceptionally
severe character, her passengers woro
subjected to very few inconveniences.
Theso passengers consisted of 200 in
the cabin and nearly 1,400 in tho steer
age. Tho giraffe is a very timid animal.
His neck is so long thatwhen his heart
comes into his mouth it takes half a
day to get it back where it belongs,
I was misorablo with Chronio Ca
tarrh. PrauNA is my remedy and no
other. Hu. Boyd, Pittsburgh
The Inern nf Knlrnmft. Cnl.. has boon
destroyed by tiro, which started from
a lamp explosion.
The DuBoli borough schools have
boon in session throe months.
Albert Straw is teaching Chestnut
Ridge school in Tike township.
The cony for tho institute circular,
which will bo Issuod at least one month
in advanco of the mooting, Is now in
the bandi of tbe printers.
When the Chostor County Teach,
era' Institute nponed on Monday last,
285 of the 800 teachers otnployod in
that county answered to their namo!,
liradlord township toacheri give
daily drills to their pupils in Pennsyl
vania geography from tho new maps
recently placed in tho school house!
ol that district.
"Golden Carrols," an admirable aing.
ing book for schools, will bo used for
the day sessions of the approaching
Institute. Teachers can secure them
for use in their schools at that time.
rlrurflcli ennntv will rennet 250
schools this year. In 1871 ten yoars
ago our county reported 158 schools,
an increase of 02 schools in ten years,
an average annual gain of nino and
ono fifth schools.
Teacher, do not allow that beauti
ful school map of Pennsylvania, which
was recently provided lor your school,
to remain rolled up and the dust to
accumulate upon it. It was provided
for a more worthy purpose.
Tho now school houso in Ferguson
township is now completed and is a
"model" compared with the others of
tho township. It reflects credit upon
tho Board of Directors who (under a
perfect hailstorm ot opposition Irom
somo of tho old fogies of tho town
ship) pressed tho work to complotion.
The children of the Friendship district
should mako great progress with theso
enlarged opportunities.
iiu.nxu the TF.iatr.n.
Wo aro all hero in such good order
that I want to havo a nice little chat
with yon. I want to have the best
school ever heard of, and if you will
help, every ono of you, we can do it.
Aro you all willing tohelp ? Uf courso
you ure. Now, how shall we bocome
a good school ? I will toll you. Tho
school must be mado liko thoso persons
wo liko best.
This morning 1 saw Maggie on her
way to school ; with her was Jonnio
Ihey aro great friends. Why docs
Maggio liko Jennie so well ? Woll, ono
reason is that she is bo neat. Sho al
ways comes with clean hands, clean
shoes. Then another is that she is kind;
wo have those who aro kind. Then
sho thinks of olhor persons besides her
self sho is unsclfith. Lot ns all try to
nave those traits, and wo shall have a
school ono will love.
I havo four pupils who try bard
ovory day to be better, and to help
mako things go plcasanly. I think to
morrow thero will bo fivo or six. I
shouldn't wonder if there wero ten.
I will tell you how you can help
very much. Wbon you see that I am
busy then watch over yourself, 8ay
to yourself, "teacher does not sco mo,
but I will not bo mean and selfish and
dishonorable for all that. Lot ns try
it to day. Now wo will sing. Ex.
e
ISTEKJIKDIA TE UEOQRAVUY.
I first ask the pupils the question:
"Do you understand tbo lesson V and
if necessary, " W bat ib your difficulty ?"
Thero is no branch that I undertake
to toaeh which I moot with so many
difficulties. Havo boon in some meas
ure Bucccssiul in teaching primary
classes, but as wo advance, the work
becomes complicated and mazy.
You should not bave moro than
threo classes of goography in your
school. Use a good text-book in
teaching. You can do better work
with one than without, borne defini
tions should bo committed as given in
tho book:, with absolute accuracy.
By this means pupils acquire the use
ol good English. Observe strict accu
racy in your speech. Children copy
what they are accustomed to hear. It
is important, therefore, that the toucher
observo accuracy. But bo careful to
havo tho definitions clearly under
stood as'well as correctly expressed.
Ijct your explanations bo given in in
lolligible languago. Adapt your words
to tho rapacity of the most ur.intclli
gent. Do not talk so much learnedly
us uodorslandingly.
Teachers should not be confined to tho
book, absolutely, yet stick reasonably
closo to it, but so inform yourself on
the subject, that you can eye the pupil
rather than tho book.
Havo tbe class undorstand that the
"review" is alwaya in tho lesson. Al
ways ask a few questions on the work
passed ovor, to keep up the connection
and fix what baa boon learned perma
nently in tbe memory.
Teach, at this stage of the child's
advancement, only outlines, and only
of tho principal countries. Let this
knowlcdgo he intensified by constant
drawing. Examine thoir work and
compare each with himself and com
mond bis progress accordingly. Do
not compare the worst with tho best,but
encourage the worst by saying this is
belter than your last, il it be so, and
say to your best, if occasion justify, this
is very good, but not eo good as you
might do. Havo you not been a little
careless to-day f Whilst securing ac
curacy bavo them combine with it
rapidity.
i each the historic events of interest
connected with tho Bubjcct under con
sideration. Legends and traditions
ex'cito curiosity and lend fascination to
the study. For instaneo explain that
our book of maps came to be called
an "atlas" from the fact that tha an
cients held a tradition that the earth
rested on the shoulder! of a stout old
man whose name was Atlss. Some of
our books ropresont it thin yot. Theso
ancients accounted for an earthquako
by supposing 'the old man, in chang
ing his burden from one sbouldor to
tho other had dono it with a jerk and
caused fbe earth to josllo and shako.
But t" how these foolish people for
got to enquire what old Atlas stood on.
In describing Capo Horn, do not
leave, tho class lo infer lhat it dorived
its name from tho supposed likeness in
shapo to the born of an ox, but ex
plain to them bow some bold naviga
tors from Horn, in Holland, were the
first to discover it, and gave it the
namo of their native place. Do not
pass tbo strait of Magellan without
telling that the first circum navigator
of the earth, in his wonderful voyago,
passod through this strait and hy
giving it his name perpetuated it for
all timo.
As we got into the higher classos,
tho great question is, what to teach
and wbat to omit? One safe rule is,
do not load the memory witb unim
portant lacts. Teach wbat you know
to be of importance to know.
Teach topically. Draw maps. Find
out first whother the lesson is learned
or not. Secondly, teach them how to
express it. Thirdly, clearly and dof
initely assign tbe next losson. Fourth,
ly, give outside Information. You need
not tollow this order. I lest my pupil!
by requiring written answors to ten
questions. Don't try to teach every
thing, but teach something well. Open
to tbem an ittca of the wonderful things
there are to learn and make them hun
gry for knowledge. Examine written
answers out ot school, or atiliae the
advanced pupils by allowing them to
do it for you occasionally. Answors
should be as brief as possible to be
definite. Jui Maria Sanford.