J
THE
'CI.KABHKLD REPt'BLlCAV
ftrSLIMID lTr Winn DAT, AT
CLIARVIELD, PA.
KRTARLIHHBO III 1MT.
1 He larfcr-t Circulation f any Xewapaper
Ih North C.utrrJ PennaylvanUu
Terms of Subscription.
;; uaid Id adranoa, or erithin I monthi....$3 OO
If paid after I and before anoatha 9 AO
f j,id after the eapi ration of montha,,. S OO
Bates ot Advertising,
rr niienl edrertliemenU, par aquar of 10 llneaor
lfn, S tiinea orloil $1 60
for each aubeeqnent Inaertion eo
litiinlftralnra' and Kiatmton'aotleaa.. i it
Au iitort' nnticea M I 60
Caution and K.traya 1 61
hnlotlon noticea t
'-iriftnnal Carda, t line! or ltll,l year.... I AO
I, .c nnttooa, par Una tO
YEARLY ADVERTISEMENTS.
I ,tura IS 00 1 oolama. $50 00
i ivjuerea... -..la 00 I . toloBDM TO 00
1 -uarai. .10 00 1 eolumn.. ISO 00
O. B. GOODLANDER,
Pobliaher.
fanners' Carfls.
W. SMITH,
ATTORNEY-AT-LAW,
il:l:T Clearfield, Fa.
J J. LINGLE,
A'fTORNET-AT - LAW,
l:H Phillpaburg, Centra Co., Pa. j-.pd
JOLSD D. SWOOPK,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
Curweaevlll., Clarflld Bounty, P..
0
SCAR MITCHELL,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
CLEARFIELD, PA.
nffloa In "Old Wealornl butldiuf," (upatair).
Uofc 9. 8-t
JSRAEL TEST,
ATTORNRY AT LAW,
Clearfield, Pa.
Offie. OB. door Met of Bh.w Bona..
DJllM
7"M. M. McCULLOUGH.,
ATTORNKY AT LAW,
CLEARFIELD, PA.
Offij. in M.aonle bulldtoft, Beeond etreet, op-
.o.lte the Court Houae. Je2,'78-tf.
ARNOLD,
LAW It, COLLECTION OFFICE,
CHRWRNSVILLK,
fZf Clearfield County, Penn 'a. 76
T. BROCKBANK,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
CLEARFIELD, PA.
i. Or in Opera Ilnnao. ap 1,'77-1
U ti. A. Wai.i.acb, lUvw L. Kbbbm,
IhKkl F. W A LI. AI'B, Wh. R. WaLL-AIK.
W
WALLACE 4 KREBH,
ATTORNEYS-AT-LAW,
inl's Clearfield, Pa.
s
JM1TH V. WILSON,
ill tor nry-nt-Lair,
CLEARFIELD, - - PENN'A.
Jtt-Offlc. la tb Maaonlo Building, over tbe
C'iunty National Hank. iaarl4-S0.
I I'. SNYDER,
1 .
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
CLEARFIELD, PA.
office erer th. Coanty National Bank.
Juno l(l,JTlr
IHANK G. IIARRIS,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
ULBABNSLa, pBBB'A.
t'irat-el.aa Life and Fit. Ioluranoa Compaatee
rcprcentcd.
r-Olfiee la th. Opera Houae.-f).
Mar. I,'sl-ly
nil)., a. a u brat craua aoanov.
JURRAY & GORDON,
ATTORNEYS AT LAW,
CLEARFIELD, PA.
ter-Offlo. Id PI.'b Opra UoaM, Maond floor.
:S0'74
yiLLIAM A. HAOEKTYj
,iITOI(.l'trvJ''L.) II",
OFKII'R over T. A. Flerk ii Ca.'a Rlure,
CLEARFIELD, PENN'A
4r-WMI atlead to all lel bu.lnera with
ptumptneu and fidellt;. fob 1 1, '80. If.
Mara B. k'b.allt dabibl w. tf'crapr.
rcENALLY & McC'URDY
ATTORNEYS-AT-LAW,
Clearfield, Pa.
.Pit Legal baelneif attended to promptly witbj
Mriitr. Offioa od UMODd .treat, boot, tba Flr.l
National Dank. jan:l:76
J P. McKENRICR,
DISTRICT ATTORNEY,
CLEARFIELD, PA,
All l.ial builaa.1 entra.tad to hie Mr. will re
rnir. prompt atteotioD.
.r4t-OfnM In the Conrt Hon...
.utH,l;8-l;.
Y (J. KRAMER,
"a T T O R N E Y - A T - L A W ,
Real Eitala anil Colloctloa A(.nt,
C'LEAHFIELO, PA.,
Will promptly attand to all legal bu.lnut ea
tro.ted to hie ear.
XrOfhoa la Pta'i Opera Hoaea. Janl'7a.
OHN L. CUTTLE,
ATTOBNEY AT LAW.
nd Rral Ktata Affent. t IfarOrld, Pa.
Offlee on Third atreet, bet. Cherry A W'alnot,
yltaepeouuuj onera ma rTiove in iim(
..j i l..a laa I'M r null .nit ,llninln
eoantl.B and with aa ..p.rl.ne.ol oeartwanlf i
L a a-a-.-Ai ' I IT.k llt.tSl.ir
Vr MlfilBKUna ayar aaar. I
1lijjsirjins' CnrdJ.
QR E. M. SCUEURER,
IIOMROPATUI0 PHYR1C1AN,
OIBea la reaidenoa oa Plrat at.
April 14, 1171. Clearfleld, Pa.
jyt. W. A. MEANS,
PHYSICIAN A SURGEON,
DL'BOIB CITY, PA.
Will attend profeaalonal ealla promptly. auglO'70
JR. T. J. liOYER,
t'HYSICIAN AND 3UIIOKON,
Otto, oa Market Stmt, Clearteld, Pa.
-0flc. hour.! to II a. m., and I to I p. m-
R. J. KAY WRIGLEY,
homeopathic phyhician,
nai adjilaln the realdjaoa af Jamao
n(lry. Era,., oa Hoeoad St., Cl.arll.ld, Pa.
Julyl,'7-tf.
d C. JENKINS, M. P.,
I'll YSICIAN ANDSl'RGEON
CI-RWENHY1LLB, PA.,
office, at reeidtace, eora.r of Btel. .ad Pla.
"txte. Jea. eta, IsM-tf.
J)U. II. B. VAN VALZAH,
CXRARI'iei.D, PEMU'Ai
"I rit E IN llESIDENCK. CORNER OF FIRPT
AND l'l'E eTHKKTM.
A- OCoe hoart From It I. i P. M.
May II, 1DTI.
J j. J. P. Bl'RCIl FIELD,
(At. ftarK.oa af lb. IKd Reglaeal, P.aaaylTaata
Volent..ra, h.vlaf r.tarB.d from th. Army,
elera hla prof.aai.aal i.rrl... ta th.alllaeaa
Olearlold .oaaly.
c-aM,ro(...t...l .alia aromptly atieaded u.
0ce ea Seeead Itreet, form.rly .Mapl.d by
b'-Wwd.. aprt,'4U
CLEARFIELD
GEO, B. G00DLANDEB, Editor & Proprietor. PRINCIPLES, NOT MEN. TEBMS-$2 per annum in Adranoe.
- 1 "" - " - - 11 1 "
VOL. 55-WIIOLE NO. 2,739. CLEARFIELD, PA., WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 14, 1881. NEW SERIES-V0L. 22, NO. 36.
Cards.
HENRY BRETH,
(ostbbb e. a.)
JUSTICE OF TI1E PEACE
PON IK LI. TOW Kit HI P.
Ma; S, l7a-ly
JAMES MITCHELL,
DBALBB la
Sfjuare Timber & Timber Lands,
Jell"7S CLEARFIELD, PA.
Y. 1IOYT, -Land
Survovor and Civil Engineer,
PniLIPSBVRO, PA.
tfAII buelneie will be .Head. I to promptly.
Deo. 15, lUSO-lj.
REUBEN H AC KM AN,
House and Sign Painter and Paper
Hanger,
Clearfield, Peuu'a.
tefAWlll ai.cnt.Jobe In hi. lln. promptly and
In a workmanlike meaner. ar,B7
FRANK F1ELDINB
AND
WILLIAM J). BIGLER,
T7 0. t 1,-.T-L.i II',
CLEARFIELD, PA.
N... 17th, lM if.
WEAVER & BETTS,
DBA LRUS IH
Real Estate, Square Timber, Saw Legs,
AND L1MI1RR OF ALL KINDS.
jjtorOITloa on Kaaiind firaaf in rear of atora
room of Uaorga Waaror A Co. Jni, '78-tf. i
RICHARD HUGHES,
Jl HTK'K OF TUB PEACE
roa
ittcatur TowntMp,
Oeo.nl. Hilll P. O.
II official bn.lnaef .ntraitnd to him alll ba
promptly atunded to. mchlll, '71.
HARKY SNYDER,
HARDER AND HAIRDRESSER.
Bbop on Markat St., opponlta Caurt Iloant.
A nlnno towol for avnry oaftomer.
Alfo daalnr in
Hfit Itrandp uf Tobnrro mid I ijfara.
ruarrlolrt. Pa. m IV, 'TO.
JAMES H. TURNER,
JI STICE OP T11K P8ACR,
Wallaretou, Pa.
f4fll bat prfparad himialf with all the
neoiarr blank furrai oniler tha PtnaUn and
Bounty lawi, ai wall at blank Doedi, ate. Alt
legal to at tan DtrDttei Ui bia ear will reoetva
prompt attention. May lib, lPTLMf.
G. H. HALL,
PRACTICAL PUMP MAKER,
NEAR CLEARFIELD. PENN'A.
jh0T-Pau.pt alwayi on band and made to order
an abort notice. Pipee bored on raaaunable term.
All work warranted to render lattf faction, and
dellTored If deeired. myJJilypd
Jjlvery Stable.
TH R andereinned bege lear. to Inform th. pab
II. that h. ie now fully preparM1 to aoeommo-
date all la tba w.y of furMetilng ll.eee, ifoffK,ea,
Haddles and llarn.ee, on tba .hortoat notic. and
.a raafonable torma. Reaidenoa oa Loeaat etreet,
betwoen Third and fourth.
OEO. W. OEARHART
Olaarlald, Feb. 4,1674.
. c. a.AD.. w. a. niar.BTr
JEADftUAGERTY,
PIRM.'lIFE AND ACCIDENT INSURANCE
AGENCY.
OfflealB Or.bam Buildlnf, Market atr..t.
CleetH.I, Pran'a.
June IS, ISHl.tf
THOMAS H. FORCEE,
OEKKRAL MERCHANDISE,
GRAHAMTON, Pa.
Al.n, extenalre manufacturer and dealer In Rquara
Timber and sawed LtumDeror ell kind..
tOrdra aaliclt.d and all bllla promptly
filled. I'JJI'J'
S. I. SNYDER,
PRACTICAL WATCHMAKER
pWatchoJ Clocks and Jewelry,
ffrailam'e ttw, lfarUl Are.!,
ri.EAHKlLI.U, PA.
All klnda of repairing la my lln. promptly at
ended to. Jen. lat, 171.
Clearfield Nursery.
KNCOURAGK HOMK INDUSTRY
fpiIE nnderlgned, baring aaubltehed a N'ur
X "ry oa the 'Pike, about half way between
Clearfield and Curwenaville, la prepared to far
nlfb all kindi of FRI'IT TREKS, (atandard and
dwarf.) Erergreena, Shrubbery, Urape Vinea,
Uooaeberry, Lnwton Rleokbcrry, Htrnwberry,
and Raapberry Vinee, Alan, Hiberian Crab Treea,
Qnince, and early aarlet Rhnbarb, Ac. Orden
promptly attendrd to. Addren,
J. U. WRIOIIT,
Mptn-M.i Carwenatille, Pa.
JAUnB KRR.
It. 1IOBL1.
t'lCnrtlCld lllSUmilC'C ARCIIOJ.
Ms aT. Wf m MW BP au W'f VM ff THI
Rfpreatnttha following an t other trtt-elaaa Co'
Companle. Aaaeta.
Lirerpool London A aloba-U. ft. Ilr....HH,si
I.yoomlng on mutaal A aaah plana...- ,0l0,0liA
Phornil, of Hartford, Conn !,M4,0P3
Inauranne Co. of North America ,4HS,rtT4
North Brittih A Mercantile U. 8. Br. I.TM.SM
flfotlUh Coumereial V. 8. Branch... e7tl,Ut
Walertown I.SU
Trarelera (Life A Accident) J.6V.4M
U lllflllf K M -a m
Otnoa on Market Pt.t opp. Curt Houae. Mtar-
neid. fa. June 4, tv-ii.
Insurance Agency
OF
WILLIAM 0. HELMBOLD,
Pnllon Hlotle, Vurtrrntrillr, I'a
Companies Represented I
Commerelal l'nlnn Ine. Co., AeMta .9.0A.,7o1 IA
Firrmen'a Fand Ina. Co., Aaaeta I.l,nl7 M
I nloa lomr.ee. Co.. A.ieta I.OHO.lia? "
Trarrl.ra' Acoideot Ina. Co.. AaeeU. ,il,IV41H
North.ra Int. t'o.of New York A. la Ut.W DO
Inearane. placed oa eJI kioda of property at
qoltabl. r.lea.
Curwenertlle, I'a, ret,, la, irni-ir.
THE MUTUAL BENEFIT
LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY,
Newark, N. J.
INCORPORATED l4S. PI'RI'LY XI'TTAL.
Aeaare, J.a. 1, aa a..erUleed
br Menlnloa uomoiieaioeera
of M.ea.ohiiMttt,Oblo .ndNew
J,m, .M,7J4,I U
MABILITIKB, .Mi.u J -. . -
a ... I.. U...'.kn'. at.nderd B..IA.A.f 01
Hi ei-M'l by Mew York gtaad.rd... l,9ll,N. IS
Allpolleloiaoarorf.itabl.enM eccoad
yaail low tpea.ee , laritedlfideada d.
elered aad paid ...ry year .ibm oriea
liallon i .mpl. earplne i a.rrender t.iuee
mnatllbereli loMa pmmpily adjuated
aad paid.
Ornra.e t
I.IWI8 C. OROVRR, Paaeiraar.
JAMES B. PKARKMN, YlcB-l'aaelBBT.
En. 1. DnaBiaa, Boe'y. To. MAi-a.BTT, Traae.
Wfil'TUU a lilt kR. Kiel. Am.1i. .11 W.I.
aal .tree!, Philadelphia, Pa.
R. M. M'BNAl.l.V.lpwUIAfafit. Ollloe la
Mnop'a balldiaf, Matk.l tra.t, Clearlald, Pa.
a-a- ai.ti. i
BEFORE AND AFTER SCHOOL,
ftKrOHl tciooi..
"(Jnarler to nloa !
Iluja and (irlt, do yon bear tm
"0oe morti Luckwbtal, tben
Ra qalck, motber dtar,
Wb?ie ! mr lanebaoa bos ?"
"I dlUi- tfae abelf.
Juat in In the place
Von left it younrlf !"
"I can't lay my table !"
"Ob, find me my eap 1"
M(ne kiaafur uiamua
And aweet Ria In bar lap."
"lie good, dear, '""I'll try."
"U llmea It It til."
"Take yonr tnittena "All right."
"Hurry up, Will let 'a run."
With ibealam uf tba duor
They are ofl, trltand boya.
And tbe mother drawa breath
In tbe lull of the uoiae.
Arm irnooi.
' Don't wake up tbe baly !
Come gently, my dear !
"Ob. mutber, I've torn my
New dreta, juat leuk here !
I'm aorry. 1 only wa
Climbing the wall."
"Ob, mutber, my map
Waa thenloeat of all!"
"And Nettie in apellltig
Went opto the bead '."
"&, aay I can I go out
On tbe hill with my aled !
"I've got aucib a toothache,"
"The teaober'a unfair 1"'
"la dinner moat ready
I'm J mt Ilka a bear."
He patient, worn mother,
They're grow log up faat,
Theae nursery whirl wioU,
Not long do they laat ;
A atlll, lonely houae would be
Far worie than noiae )
Rejoice and be glad in
Vuar brara girla and buya.
PRESIDENTIAL DISABILITY.
The fiict of Presicrcnt Garfield's Ina
bility to attend to his legitimate du
liea hecbuxe of his wound, has bronirlit
lip the qupstion of the ConHtitutional
"disability" in a new form. A similar
"disability " never before having oc
curred, it is well enough lor the public
to relied ovor the question, and lor
Congress to give the proper legislation
on this critical stibject when that body
next BBSsembles. Wo clip the follow
ing from the Philadelphia Itrcori bear
ing upon tho question :
In considering tho mutter of Vico
President Arthur's right to "exercise
tho office ol President" in caso the
prolonged inability of General liarliold
should render it necessary for some
one to discharge tho Executive func
tions, it should be borne in mind that
the Constitution of tho United Suites
docs not operato aflirmutively of its
own force, or, as tho lawyors say, f.r
proprio vigore, but that Congressional
legislation is generally requisite in or
der lo secure the carrying out of its
provisions. This is especially true
of such of the mandates ol that instru
ment as are of a positive rather than
a negulivo character. While its pro
hibitions oporote to nullify any and
all legislation, wbethor by Congress or
the fitato Legislatures, which may ho
In contravontion of them it boing
only needful that some Court of com
petent jurisdiction should declare such
acts to bo unconstitutional its aflirra
ative grants of power require the ac
tion of Congress, not indeed to give
thorn validity but to supply specific
methods for putting them into practi
cal effect.
Each of the three constitutional
amendments adopted since the close
of tho rebellion baa appended to it a
section declining that Congress ahull
have power to enforce it by appropri
ate legislation. Among the general
powers ol Congress enumerated in the
eighth section of the first article of
tbe Constitution is that "to make all
laws which shall bo tiecossary and
proporfor carrying into execution the
foregoing powers and all other powers
vcBted by this Constitution in the Gov
ernment of the United States, or in
any department or ofllcor thereof."
A popular writer has spoken of the
"silences of the Constitution." These
"silences" may bo a convenient resort
for tboso legislators who scorn the
trammels of strict construction and
delight to foist botween the lines such
readings as may suit the special exi
gencies of party ; but a written Con
stitution is worth vory little unless it
is to be literally adhered to. There
are latent powers in the Constitution
to which effect has not been given
because no occasion has yet seemed to
require that tlioy should be set in mo
lion. For instance, a State may bo
formed by the junction of two or more
Stales or parts of Slates, provided
Congress and tho Legislatures ol the
States conoerned consent. This power,
however, has never yet been exorcisod.
Again, Congress may at any limo by
law make or alter tho rogulalioni in
each Klato as to tho times, places and
manner ot holding elections tor Repre
sentatives ; but it has only vory spar
ingly availed itself of tnis authority.
An immense amount ot legislation
wa done by Congress immediately
after the adoption ot the Constitution
in order to sot tho machinery of tho
Federal Government to going, and
many of the original enactments stand
on the national alututebook without
change. Hut from that time lo this
there has been a clear casul omittus in
tha lailuro to adopt some provisions
to carry out the directions ot tho Con
stitution relative to tho happening of
snob an event as mo romoval 01 toe
President from ofllco, or of his death,
resignation or inability to discharge
the duties ot bis otlice. Congress did
provido, March 1, 17H2, for the case
of a simultaneous vacancy in both the
Presidency and tho ice 1'rosidency.
That it ought also to have established
some explicit motliod of procedure to
govern tho case of a vacancy In the
Presidency alono appears to bo quito
plain now, from tho vory tact that the
ablest ol our jurists differ as to what
tho procedure in such a caso should bo.
It might bavo soomcd to bo a work of
aupororogation to do this in 1T., as
the real intent and meaning of tho
constitutional provision devolving the
duties of the Presidency upon the
Vico President were at that timo well
understood, Ilia not so manifest now,
howevor, what was meant. Whether
the Vice President waa intended to act
temporarily as President during the
inability of the Prosident,or himself to
become President for the remainder of
the term, is a question that may be
endlessly debated. If one view is
plain to one great lawyer, the oppo
site viow la equally plain to another
lawyer who la jusl as great. The
language of the Constitution on this
point is by no means clear. It is de
clared that "in caso of tho removal of
tho President from office, or of bis
death, resignation or inability to dis
oharuo tho powers and duties of the
snid office, f Ac mrnr. shall devolve on
the ice President. w hat is meant
bv "th name?" Does It refer to "the
said office" or to tbe "powers and du
ties of tho said omco 7 n do on earm
can toll r lr the word "if or tne
ord "thev" had boon employed tho
intention would bava been apparent.
But it is not so now.
Even if lhor Wore no doubt as to
wbethor it waa designed that tba Vice
Presidonl should act as President only
during the continuance of tbt disabil
ity or for the balance of the curront
Presidential term, it would still be
convenient, it not absolutely needful,
to uave some means provided lor au
thonlicating the tact of tho "inability.1
Congress hus made provisions for torn
porary disability in the cases ol the
lioads or departments and of certain
judicial officers; and yet this contin
gency of the disabling sickiices of tbo
highest official ot the nation baa been
lolt wholly unprovided for.
It may bo suggostod that it is for
the judicial branch ol the Government,
rather than the legislative, to construe
tbo provisions ol the Constitution. In
a caso ot this kind, howovcr, It would
be entirely compotont for Congress to
interpret an obscuro passago in Trr.
organic 'law by means of a clearly
worded Blatute putting it in force.
One ot the first things which Congress
ought to do whon it reassembles is to
address itself to this subject. Even if
tbe present emergency shall then bavo
passed, Ibis knot should be untied with
a view to tho avoidance ol similar com
plications in tho future.
THE ANA TOM Y OF AN 0 YSTER.
From th. Baltlmor. duetto
Every oyster has a mouth, a heart,
a liver, a stomach, cunningly-devised
intestines and othor necessary organs,
just as all living, moving and intelli
gent creatures Lave. And nil these
things aro covered from man's rudely
inquisitive gaze by a mantle oi pearly
gauie, whoso woof and warp put lo
sbamo the frost lace on your windows
in Winter. 'I he mouth is at tbo smaller
end of tho oyster, adjoining tho hingo.
it is ol oval shape, and, though not
readily seen by an unpracticed eye,
its location and sine can be easily
discovered by gently pushing a blunt
bodkin or simlur instrument along the
surf'uee of tho locality mentioned.
Whon the spot is found your bodkin
can be thrust between delicate lips and
a considerable distance down toward
the stomach without causing the oys
tor to yoll with pain, rrom this
mouth, is, ofcourse,asort ol canal to
convey food to tho stomach, whence it
passes into the intestines. ith nn
exceedingly dclieato and sharp knife
you can take off tho "mantle" of tho
oyster, where there will be disclosed
to you a half-moon shaped space just
above tho muscle or so-called "heart."
This spaco is the oyster's peridlum,
and within it is tho real benrt, tbo
pulsutions ol which aro readily soon.
1'bis heart is made up of two parts,
just as tho human heart is, one of
which receives tho blood trom the
gills through a network of blood ves
sels, and the other drives the blood out
through arteries. In this important
matter the oysters dilfers in no respect
from the other warm or cold blooded
animals. Andnoono need laugh in
credulously at tbe assorlion that oys
ters have blood. It is not ruddy, ac
cording to the accepted notion about
blood, but it is nevertheless blood to
all oyster intents and purposes. In
the samo vicinity, and in marvelous
proper positions, will be found all tbe
olboraorgans named. But it is very
proper to be incrdulous about the
mouth and organs. At first glance it
would seem that they aro utterly use
less, tor tbe mouth cannot snap around
for food, and the oyster has no arms
whorewith lo grab itsdinnoror lunch.
True, apparently, but not apparently,
for each oyster has more than 1,0(10
arms, liny, delicate, almost invisible.
And each one of them is incossuntly
at work gathering np food and gontly
pushing it into tho lazy mouth of tbe
indolently comlortablo creature. Tho
gills are thin flaps so notably percepti
ble around the front face part of the
undressed oyster, below tho musclo.
Each of these gills is covered with
minuto hair-liko arms, very close to
gether, and perpetually in motion to
and fro in the same unwearied direc
tion. Thoy catch food from tho water,
strain it carefully of improper buIi
stances, and wufl it upward ovor the
mantle's smooth surface to tho gaping
mouth, which placidly gobbles it up
until hungor is appeased and then
the body goes to sleep without turning
ovor. Any one who can observe this
singular process of feeding by placing
a minute quantity of some harmloss
coloring matter on the gills. If it will
not offend tbe oyster's dolicato palulo
tbo coloring will bo seen at once pro
polled by Invisible hands toward tbe
mouth, and thenco slowly down into
the stomach. And this is all 1 know
about oyster anatomy, except tbo liver
almost entirely surrounds the stomach
and Is ot a dark green color. It may
be new, howovor, to many to know
that oysters aro born precisely the
same way tho shad and other fish come
into the world. A well-educated lady
oystor will lay about 125,000,000 oggs
so it is said ; 1 have not counlud
enough of them to striko such a largo
avorugo and overy one of those eggs
ultimately become fit lor stew or try
if they oscapo the multiludo of perils
that do environ tho uilanl oyster.
How to Water in a DRormiT. In
tho Summer droughts which now and
thon occur it is common to soo persons
everywhere at work watering tho
garden to keep things alive till the reg
ular rain comes. It is, bowovor, the
experience ol all that the more the
garden is watcrod the more it wants,
and thuson tho wholo it doos little good.
Yet water can be so given as to bo tree
from this objection. . It is tho harden
ing of the surface which causes the
evil, and a bard, compact suiface al
ways dries out taster than a looso one.
Tho proper way is take tho oarlh away
for a few inches around tbo plant lobe
watered, so ss to mske a sort of basin,
and into this pour the wator, lotting it
gradually soak away. Alter il has
all disappeared and tbe surface gets a
little dry, then draw the earth back
again which had been displaced to
make lb basin. This will make a
loose sin face over the watored part,
which will prosorve il from drying out
rapidly. Tomatoos, egg plunts, cab
bages, and other plants of this charac
ter watered in this way will need no
renewal of water for several wocka. It
is a slow way of colling such work
done, but It is the only suro way of
doing it. Practical farmer.
An approntice boy who had not
pleased his employer one day came in
tor a chastisomenl, during the admin
istration of which his master exclaiid-
ed : "How long will you serve the
devil ?" Tbo boy replied, whimpering:
"You know beat, sir; 1 believe my
indenturo will bo out in three months."
This Is tho latest Western form of
saying a man was hanged : "He was
unanimously chosen by a convention
of twelve properly holders lo Jump
trom a new pine piaiiorm in tue sweet
subsequently."
Of all th attachments of a sewing
machine tho feller is most pleasing to
th girl.
MR. fiPOOPEXPTKE IN THE
CHARACTER OF A SPORTS
MAN. "Say, my dear," said Mr. Spoopen
dyke, as he drew a gun from the case
and eyod it critically. "I want you to
wako me up early in the morning, I'm
going gunning."
"Isn't that loo Sweet I" ejaculated
Mrs. Spoopendyko.' "I'll wear my now
dress anil my Saratoga waves. Whore
do we go ? -
"I'm going down orrtho island, and
you'll probably go as far as tho front
door," grunted Mr. Spoopendyko.
"Women don't go gunning. It's only
men. All you've gut to do is to wake
mo up and got breakfast. When I
come homo we'll have some birds."
"Won't that bo nice?" chimod Mrs.
Spoopendyko. "('an j-on natch birds
with thalthlngf" And Mrs. Spoop
endyko fluttered around tho improved
breoch loading shot gun, firmly im
pressed with the idea that it waa some
kind of a trap,
"I can kill 'em with this," explained
Mr. Spoopendyko. "This is a gun, my
dear ; it isn t a nost with three speck
led eggs in it, nor is it a barn with a
hole in the root. You stick the car
tridge in here and pull this finger
picco, and down comes tho bird every
time."
"Well, isn't that tho greatest thing I
I suppose it you don't want a partridtre,
you can stick a duck or a turkey in
that end, too, or a fish or a lobster,
and bring it down iust as quick."
Yes, or you can stick a house or a
cornfield, or a dod gasted femiilo idiot
in tboro, too, if you want to!" snorted
Mr. hpoopendyko. "who said any
thing about a partridge? It'aa car
tridge that goes in thcro I
"Oh I" ejaculated Mrs. Spoopendyko,
1 see now. W here docs the bird gor
"lie goes to night school, it he hasn't
mtt nnv mnrn .niiu, iknn .An ko.a "
1 9nortcd AIr. Spoopendyko. "Look
: hcn ow 81)(1 I'll siliow you how il
work8i" ,nU Mr. Spoopendyko, whoso
jde of , pun wcr ab'011t Rg
tloso of his wife, inserted tho cartridge
httlf . ,,, tho mutAo d d cnu.
tiously cocked the weapon.
"And whon tbe bird sees that be
comes and peeks at it !
lunniost I" and Mrs,
lan't thai il.n
Soooncndvko
clapped bor hands in tho enjoyment ot
her discovery. "1 hen you put out
your hand and catch him!"
"You'vo 'struck it!" howled Mr.
Spoopendyko, who had the Lammer
on tho half set, and was vainly pulling
at the trigger to get it down. "That's
tho Idea ! All you nood is four feathers
and a gas bill to be a mnrtingalo ! With
your notions, you only want a now
stock and a steam trip hammer to be
a needle gun! Don't you know the
dod gasted thing has got to go on be
foro you got a bird I You shoot the
birds, you don't wait for 'em to shoot
you !"
"At home, we used lo always chop
on tnoir neaus with an ax, tailored
Mr. Spoopcndyke.
"So would 1, if 1 was going alter
measly old hons, retorted Mr. Spoop
endyko, who had managed to uncock
the contrivance, "but whon 1 bo for
yollow birds and sparrows 1 go like a
sportsman. bile 1 am waiting tor a
bird," continued Mr. Spoopendyko,
adjusting the curlridgo at the broecb ;
"1 put the load in horo lor safety; and
when I see a flock 1 aim and fire."
Bang I went the gun, knocking tho
tan leathers out ot an eight-day clock
and plowing a foot furrow in the wall,
perforating the closet door and culmi
nating in Mr, Spoopondyke's plug hat.
"Goodness, gracious!" squeaked Mrs.
Spoopendyko. "Oh, my !"
Mr. Spoopondiko gathered himself
up and contemplated tho damage.
"Why couldn't ye keep still!" ho
shrieked. "What' J ye want to disturb
my aim for and make mo let it on T
"Think 1 can bold back a charge of
powdor and a pound of shot while a
measly woman is scaring it through a
gun barrel?''
"If that had been a bird, how nicely
you would have shot it I" suggested
Mrs. Hpoopondyke, soothingly, "If
you should over aim at a bird, you'd
catch him suro."
"Oh I you know what I could dot
ith your information about gunnery
you only need a wad in your mouth
and a kick liko a nmlo to bo a mount
ain howitr.orl If 1 had your intelli
gence on sporting matters, I'd hire out
lor a shot tower I Ion't you know
you'vo spoiled the dod gutted gun?"
And Mr. Spoopendyko anxious for an
oxcuso to take it back to his friend
Spocklowottlo, who loan.'d it to him,
held it out and eyed his wife sternly.
"You've ruinod that gun, "ho continued,
solemnly. "It wont over go off again."
"Nover mind, dear," consoled Mrs.
Spoopendyko. "It's beon off enough,
and I'd just as lief hnvo some clams as
birds. You go to bed and wo'll try
to oo without any birds.
"It won't over go off again," repeat
ed Mr. Spoopcndyke, as heclimbed into
his couch. " i hat s a ruined gun, and
he turned his face to tho wall.
Mrs. Spoopcndyke slowly disrobed,
having tirst turned a stream of water
into the gun from tho tuucot, and be-
took her to rest. "It may not go off
again," sho thoncrt, "hut if it does,
tho neighbors will think tho wator
main has burst, with which reflection
sbo began to pat the car of Mr. Spoop-
snuyae, wno turned over like an
oarthquako, and wanted to know "if
sho thought sho hadn't dono enough
mischiel without lamming Inm like a
dod gasted blacksmith. HronUyn
Eagle.
A boy on Jonas street wastho othor
evening eating away at a bigcocoanut
that had been cracked open with a
brickbat, when a pedestrian toll it his
duty lo halt and remark : "lloy, don I
you know that too much ol that stuff
will give you tho eoncr "I guess so,
was tho reply. "Then why do you eat
it?" "Well, if my chum, who lives
next door, can stand the small pox for
six weeks, 1 guess I can put up with
tho colic lor throe or four hours !" waa
the reply, as he hit off another big
hunk. Vrtroit Fret Prrti.
"Pa," quoth Sammio to his sire,
"why don't you go out west ?" "Why
do yon ask, my boy?" "Hocaua Bill
Iliggins' father went, and struck a
banana I" "A bonanza, you mean, Sam
mio!" "Well, what's the difference?"
"Why when people strike a bonanza,
it sets them up, and when the striko a
banana it sets them down and vory
emphatically, tno."
A distinguished gentleman whose
nose and chin were both Vory long,
and who had lost his teeth, whereby
tho nose and chin wore bronght near
together, waa told "I am afraid your
nose and chin will fight ore long, thoy
approach each other vory menacingly."
"I am afraid of il myself," said the
gentleman, "lor a great many words
have passed between them already."
REPUBLICAN.
A FEW WORDS ON CELLARS.
Those who failed to purity their
cellars thoroughly In the Spring can
not expect wholly to escape, through
this hot weather, the consequences of
their neglect, Tbe vitiated airtherein
bocomos moround moroviliatcd as tho
heat increases, and since much of it
finds its way continually into living
and sleeping rooms, it muBt prove
moro or lesa deleterious according to
the nature and amount of impurities
that taint it. If docaying vegetables
and other refuse bo carried out in the
Spring, and tbe floor bo mopped or
scrubbed off somewhat, that is gener
ally considorod sufficient for the cellar,
which is out of sight, and too fre
quently therefore out of mind." Tho
question of dry or damp, clean or tin
oloan cellars is a more important on
than many seem to think. Unless this
apartment is kept with at least tolera
ble neatness, no matter bow perlect
the parlor, kitchen and other rooms
may bo.puroair tho first and primary
element of good housekeeping, as also
of good health cannot be obtained.
Too frequently barrels of pork and
brine, porhaps old and tainted, and
emitting a most disagreeable and un
wholesome smell, along with soap
kegs, jars of halt-spoiled soap-grease,
and the liko, aro allowed in the cellar,
and in close proximity to buttor and
milk, which, as is well known, readily
absorb impurities and strong odors.
Those should nevor be allowed in a
room used for milk, butter, fruit, and
the like, but should bo stored in a sepa
rate apartment, or what is bottor still,
in somo building or outsido cellar en
tirely apart trom the house. Often
decaying timbers and floors, slimy and
wet, are to be found in cellars ; walls
dripping with moisture and covered
with mold, along with sour and musty
milk-shelves and cupboards ; all lend
ing their noxious exhalations to the
uir.
The less thero is which is made of
wood in a cellar tho better, as the air
is necessarily moro damp than in rooms
above ground, and consequently moro
favorable for molds. All necossary
tables and shelves should ho smooth
and plain, so that they may ho easily
oloaned; while the floorssliould nover
cement ; the latter being probably bost
or as good, with loss exponso. These
if nicely laid, aro nearly as smooth as
plastered walls, and if not brought into
service till dry and well hardened, and
tben nsed with reasonable care, will
remain smooth and unbroken for years,
and may bo scrubbed or mopped off
nearly as easily as a floor. The wall
from tho ground lo tho ceiling, as ul-o
overhead, should bolathodand plaster
ed. This condors tho collar waimer
in Wintor and coolor in Summor, whilo
it also givos a bottor chanco to apply
whitownsh. This is a great sweotnor
and purifior, and a rough coat of it
should bo laid ovor the entire side
walls and ceiling every Spring.
Windows should be of good size,
and hang on hingos that thoy may be
opened and shut at pleasure. Wire
screens should bo put on the out
side to keep out insects and other
troublesome intrudors ; tben by judi
cious and liberal ventilation, closing
through tho heat of the day, but
opening freely on cool nights and
mornings and broozy afternoons, a
collar may be made a cool and pleasant
apartment, as sweet and wholesome
almost as a dining-room or parlor.
A SVRPR1SE-NOTA SLA VGH
TER. General Carr, so soon as the malls
reach him, will enjoy apleasuro rarely
accorded to men. He will read the
testimonies of his fellow-citizens upon
his life and its work, and few men,
living or dead, ever elicited moro uni
form expressions of cordial, hoarty
admiration and even affection. Once
upon a timo Lord Brougham, who was
dotostod by the London Times and
nover could get a word of justice from
its arrogant conductors, resolved lo
ploy the "Thunderer" a trick. Whilo
traveling toward Nice ho learned that
the cholera was ravaging that deli
cious Wintor Edon. Turning about
in his coach ho alighted at a littlo inn
near Cannes, but as his baggage had
boon purposely sent forward to
the hotel in Nice, and as ho did not
appear, the rumor rose that ho had
been carried off by the fatal epidemic,
lie took no pains to correct the im
pression and had tho satisfaction of
reading a fortnight luter in tho Timet
an clahorato obituary essay, dwelling
on tbe Statrsman's virtue and passing
with flattering delicacy ovor the points
in his character of which the journal
did not approve. Brougham was woll
satisfied. Ho commemoraledjhis sat
if faction by building a villa on the
edge of tbe tall rock upon which the
ancient fishers' village of Cannes was
percbed, and to-day that villa is the
centre of tho most charming Wintor
capital on the Mediterranean coast.
General Carr ought to commemorate
tho A rizona wilds by some signal token
for first escaping death, and second,
drawing out the testimony of bis
countrymen's esteem in the fashion of
all others that is dear to the soldiers
heart.
However, though Genoral Carr es
capes, it will bo observed that the re
lief is more good luck than good man
agement. Tho Apachos seem to have
been handled with more od dross than
our troopers, and even tho modified
slaughter does not give th country
much cause for reassurance. If the
Apaches can with a bare squad, unpro
tected by resorves and their rear in
the air, make such bsvocasM'Dowoll's
subordinates described, it is nut com
forting to reflect upon what they may
be ahlo to bring about wbon in full
lorco and stimulated by tbe first draught
of blood. Wisdom after the fact is a
common and not inexpensive commo
dity, and life being short wo shall not
take up the reader's timo by evolving
what might have been; but if the
forces at General McDowell's dispoonl
were sot in the field whore thoy should
be, those disheartening slaughters of
th young and ardent would not be
tho recurring chapter of tho news
from the West. Philadelphia Timet.
A Danbury bootblack was in South
Norwalk whon thetrain went through
there on Its wsy lo Hartford with tho
nation's dignitaries. "Did yon see
General Sherman f asked a citizen this
morning while having a shine. "No ;
was be looking for me ?" was tho re
sponse. Arithmetical toast: TbelairdaugUt
ers of this land : May they add virtu
to beauty, substract envy from friend
ship, multiply amiable accomplish
ments by sweet temper, divide tun by
economy, and reduce scandal to its
lowest denomination.
AGRICULTURAL.
Contribatiana to Ihia dep.rtm.nt abould bo ad
Ireeeed lo J. Blaib Head, Clearoeld, Pa.
Lot your anger set with tbe sun, but
nevor rise with it.
A farmer should look ahead, think
in advanco of his work and have his
plans woll laid. Tho Winter is a good
time for this mental labor.
Thomas Jefferson said: "Let the
farmer forovormoro be honored in his
calling, for Ihey who labor in the earth
aro tbe chosen people ot God.
OKANUK VllUAXIXft).
Deputy W. P. Read organized a
Grange in Jordan township, on Mitur-
duy, August 27th. Mr. Reuben Straw
was elected Muster, and Dr. A. E.
Cresswoll, Secretary. We did not learn
the names of the othor officers. This
Grango is located in the midst of a
large farming community composed of
widc-awnko, progressive farmers, and
with good officers and the unitod
efforts of its members can bo made a
power for good in that section.
HOMte XTAULLS.
There is far too little attention paid
to tbo matter of ventilation and room
ih horse stables. The health of the
horso deponds vory much more on the
character of his stahlo than most peo
plo seem willing to believe. When
animals aro stabled ohly at night a
minimum of 1,200 cubic feet should be
allowed. In England tho Dower cav-
airy barracks givo a minimum of 1,500
foot, with a ground aiea of fully 90
square fcot per horse, and the best
hunting and carriago horse stables
hsvo moro room.
APPLES HR I10R.1KS.
One of our citizens, who usually
keeps several dozen work-horses, in
formed us a few days since that ho o?-
pauinnulltr fi.,1 emit. Niit.li.u tit l.ia Impana
th CJCCcllt rcmi!,. Thc ttr0 a'
certain cure for worms. Ho recom
mends from a half lo a whole pad full
once a woek. Another citizen, who
bas boen in the practice ol keeping a
considerable number of work horses
on his farm, says that he has beon in tho
habit of turning bis horses into the
orchard in tho Fall, where they could
cat as many apples as Ihey liked, lio
found that they derived much benefit
from tho feed, and gained flash much
moro rapidly than others which did
not receive an apple feed. Diriao
Rural.
CAIIK 0P R A TtH APPIXS.
As the time will soon bo here when
tho rare of Winter apples will claim
tho farmers' attention, I prcsumo a
fow suggestion on this point may not
be amiss. About tho last ot Septem
ber all good "keepers" should be pick
ed by hand into a basket, box or bar
rel, (novor use a sack), and carefully
carried to tho place of storing. A dry,
well-ventilated cellar or cav will pre
servo apples very well, but a fruit
houso is preferable It is easily con
structed, and by attaching an ice
house, fruit may be kept until Jane or
July, when it will always command a
paying price. 1 saw common apples
soil in Clearfield, on the 13lh of June
last, for S 1.50 per bushel, and thoy
wore in groat demand cvon at that
price, while many of tho apples sold
from December to May could scarcely
find purchasers even whon you enter
ed houses and stores to find if any
were wanted. Any one knows this is
not so pleasant as to have the pur.
chaser come to you. Mr. Asaph Kirk,
a man who has had largo experienco
in keeping apples, says bo boxed up a
few bushels lust Fall and buried thorn.
In the Spring they were sound and
nice. As the apple crop is of consider
able importance in this county, I hopo
others who are interested will givo
their experience in this column.
K- M' D-
Tho Grange has increased the de
mand and facilities for tho education
cf tho farmers' sons and daughters. It
bas introduced books, periodicals and
newspapers in the t'armers' homos, and
it is a grand education. It teaches all
that it is good, pure and Iruo. It
loaches ui faith, hope and charity and
brotherly love ; it bas helped many
an invalid brother harvest bis crops,
and given a helping hand to tho afflict
ed sister. It teaches unity ; and upon
tbe patriolio unity of our people de
pends the unity of the Nation, it
plants flowers and fruits around and
carries poetry and musio into the
farmers' homes. It makes tho borne
attractive to the children, and thus
keeps children at home, so that in af
ter lite, whon they have grown to tbe
estate of manhood and wommhood,
they will sing from their souls, as our
choir here bavo Just sung, of "the or
chard, tho meadow, tho docp-tangled
wildwood, and all the loved scenes
which their fancy kney." The Grango
has done moro to do away with tho
credit system than any other organi
zation or individual. It has taught us
that it is not credii, nor cotton, but
caih that is king. The credit system
bos brought failures and bankruptcy
to individuals, Slates and nations.
Extract from Mortimer Whitehead'!
upeech, at a Grange picntc, at Green
ville, Michigan.
SOLID Al) lt:isr0 rARVKMt.
Tho Worthy Master of the Oregon
State Grange is a practical, common
sense Granger, who is zealous In Grango
work, and mindful of the dearest in
terests of the farming community ,
therefore we cheorfully commend bis
thoughtful advice to Patrons in all
soctions ot country whero the ordor
has the least foothold. Hear him :
"Put less toil and more thought into
your calling, and make it attractive to
your children, t'nito with the Grange
and tako your sous and daughters with
you. It is the farmers' own and only
organization a practical means til
combination, of united effort and self
bolp, and affords tbo society and recre
ation you and your families so much
need. Learn and pmctice tho groat
principles of truth, justice), charily and
brotherly love upon which it is found
ed. ' Cease to be mere plodders, and
get out of the narrow groves of isola
lion, 'prejudice and mingled credulity
and suspicion in which you have been
running. By mutual aid educate your
selves and cultivate your gifts, in the
frank and ire discussion of th Grange
and those great questions in which we
ilte all alike interested. Learn to be
more liberal, and, abovo all things,
break the bonds which make you the
slaves of party and dupes of dema
gogues. 1 hus yon will be better quali
fied to act well your part in lite, and
fulfill tbe duties ot citizens and law
makers ol tho Stale and .Nation. Thus
will your vocation be elovatcd and
mado more respectable, and your sons
will not be so anxious to exchange the
free, pure air of tbe country lor th
poisoned atmosphere of tbe city." J
KKSTORISO, MAINTAINING AND IX.
VHEASISO THIS I'EHTtLITY Uf
I' Alt MS.
ESSAY Of COL. JAMBH YOl'NU, OF 1IIDD1.I-
TOWN, PA., RECENTLY READ BEFORE
TUB PENNSYLVANIA ROASO OF
AGRICULTURE.
In considering the important subject
ol economically maintaining or increas
ing tho fertility of a farm perhaps one
of tho first thoughts would ho how to
rcstoro any wornout lands on the
place. Take. a wornout field. Opera
tions aro commenced by clearing out
the brush and undorgrowth, including
briers, and this work to extend to
every fence corner. If there are any
stumps on tho premises a man will
take out all that he can afford to ; and
no barm will rosult in making an ap
parent sacrifice of a little extra time
and money that every one may be re
moved. Then the stone should be
taken ofT It any low, wot, swBnipy
places exist, put in underdrains. Tben
tbo land is ready for plowing. Shal
low plowing is probably best at first;
the plow to go deenorand deeper each
lime tho ground is gono over until a
good depth is reached. This way of
plowing commends itsell in two ways
It acts to the maintaining of moisture
in dry weather; and wuon tho sea
son is wet the ground absorbs tbo wa
ter. After plow ing lot all tho barn
yard manure bo applied that can bo
nad, prcicrence being given to grain
led. I would rccommond a littlo limo
about the timo ot plowing. Now tbe
land is ready lor a crop. Corn is sng.
gested to begin with ; tbo farmer lo be
guided by his own best judgment as
to the rotation of crops. Land, as to
toeding, is mncu like an animal ; to be
put into good condition it must be well
fed and well taken enre of. To bring
up-the fortility, each succeeding yeur
you must put more on than you take
off. Tho bettor it is led the sooner it
will produce abundant harvests.
1 he land having been restored to a
good, fertile condition, tho owner can
now proceed to lot his grass grow. One
good, as well as economical, plan is to
encourage a lorgo grass growth, and
plow it all down in August. Get a
good clover crop, say ; thon turn in
your cuttle until they have tiamped it
uown a nine, ami men plow it down
with a good big growth of grass. Af.
forwards put it into wheat. This plan
is perhaps one of tho cheapest where
tho farmer has not plenty of barnyard
manure. With plonty of tho latter
wuuiu nob ibku mis course; out use
tho barnyard manure without sAinl,
and occasionally a littlo lime.
To maintain land in good condition,
tho proper way is to keep tho smallost
numbor of stock or cattle the fore part
of tho season, lotting tho grass grow
up, and then plowing down as much
of it as possible after cropping. My
opinion is that tour-fifths of tbe farm
ers keep too much stock for their land
during the growing season, if they
would only keep more slock in the
Winter and less in the Summer, they
would do a great deal bettor. Land
eaten off so closely becomes sun-baked
and burnt out. A wise farmer will
watch that his land is not pastured too
closely, but will keep a good coat on
tho surface. After Hiking off bis hay
and grain crops, he will try to lot that
which remains get as good a start as
possiblo beforo putting any catllo on
at all; and, where ho can do so, ho
does not pasture until away in tbe lat
ter part of tho Summor. Tho forego
ing suggestions not only apply to
maintaining, but to increasing the fer
tility of the land.
But I want to ro-impress this
thought, if possible: that a majority
of the farmers of this country keep
too largo a stock in the Summer sea
son, whorchy too much to the sub
stance of the land is consumed; and
too small a stock in the Winlor to
make sufficient manure fur the manur
ing seasons. If this rule wero chang
ed, it would aid largely in increasing
tho fortility of their farms. Tho fer
tility of farms cannot be maintained by
constantly draining off the substance,
any moro than can a meal bag con
tain meal, if you aro always taking
out and putting nothing in. My
father, when 1 was a boy, once took
mo pust a farm which was pointed out
by him as tbo best in all the country
round. A numbor of years aftorwards
(before il camo into my possession) it
had grown to be one of tho poorest.
Tho reason of tho great chango was,
the death of the owner, anil tho pass
ing of tho entire place into tho hands
of tho executors, guardians and ten
ants, who, by taking much off from
year to yeor, and pulling littlo on, re
duced it to its lowest stages. This one
farm is not an exception. A II ovor
tho country land owners place their
broad fields into the euro ot tenants,
vho strive lo take oil' all they possibly
can, and put back only what they can
not avoid. Thus the lands become
poorer and poorer, until they pass into
wiser and more skillful oontiol. In tbo
neighborhood of which I Speak many
ot the farms have gono back in tho
same way I havo described. Those
farms that have degenerated tho least
are those where the most cattle were
tod in Winter, and the land the least
exhausted in tho Summer. Othor
farms have boon cropped and cropped
nnlil they havo gono hack, in somo in
stances, almost past redemption; and
to bring them up again to their old
time condition will be a very expen
sive job.
Economy docs not follow in cheap
farming. Wearing out lands is econ
omical sham, lor at the end ol the road
aro disaster and ruin. If you want
f;ood crops, yon have got to put on
arge amounts of manure; your land
must bo fed. It you bavo not enough
manure of your own, thcro is economy
in getting it from others in your neigh
borhood, or in using muck; hauling
this soil-food on rainy days, and thus
keeping the loams going. Much ma
nure might bo hauled during those
hours that many farmers consume in
attending sales." Farm economy con
sists in not losing tho time of ourselves
or our workmen. One great element
of successful farming is for tho men lo
havo work every dsy, and for all con
nected with the place to idle away no
time at the bar-rooms and corner gro
ceries. A successful farmer's lilo is
not a lazy lilo. It is nothing but work,
work, to bring bis farm Into good or
der; and after it is in the most fertile
condition the labor doos not cease ; for
the hotter the farm becomes tbe more
work there is to be done ; but with the
increased work thero is the faster
growing disposition to do it, because
work on an economically maintained
ami fertile farm yields the best agri
cultural results.
Do not forgot lo givo a plentiful sup
ply of cool wator to stock of all kinds.
A pailful of water into which a large
handful of bran bas been stirred should
be given,to each cow at noon. It will
very perceptibly increase the quanti
ty of milk.
EDUCATIONAL
BY M. L. MoyUOWH.
Copy foroiaaod by A. R. it.."."
The publio examinations close at
Pennville Wednesday, September 21st.
Tbe Borough of Glen Hop contem
plates buildiug a new school house
trom private contributions.
John C. Barclay has boon chosen
teacher of Wost Clearfield Publio
School. Salary HO por month.
Somo of the school houses of Deca
tur and Woodward township have boen
greatly endangered by forest tires, but
none bavo boen destroyed,
.
Miss Amiie Savage, tcacbor of the
Mount Zion School, m Lnwrtnoe town.
ship, oponed her school on Monday,
September 5th.
The School Board of Woodward
township has incroased its teachers'
salaries to M5 and HO, according to
certificate, ability and successful ex
perience. "Can a man see without eyes?"
asked tho Professor. "Yes, sir," was
tho prompt answor.
"Prar, sir, how do you make that
out?" viied tho astonished Professor.
"lie can see with one. sir." replied
the ready wilted youth, and the whole
class sboutod with delight at his trl
ump ovor metaphysics.
I SKFCL STVIJJES.
Tho Curwensville School Board are
about to introduce a work on civil
rovernmont as a text-book In the Bor
ough scjiools. Practical educational
leaturos aro always to be desired,
When all tho matter taught in the
common schools is of the useful char
acter of such studies better effect will
bo realized from tho system. The
common schools are for the people.
The pooplo want practical and UBolul
studies taught thoir children, Persons
who nood preparation for college or
want a classic education can find plenty
ot places intended for the use ot such
aspirants. Givo the people evorything
usetul in every day life we say. n
cilUa. M OIIK UF SCHOOL 1IOAHD&
Tbo appointment of teachers during
the past woek occurred as follows :
Gulich township Janesvillo High
School, Wilbur F. Dale ; Primary, E.
A. Horton ; Muddy Run, Lila C. Shoff ;
Ramcy, A. L. Scotlold ; Guintar, H. P.
Howilt.
Beccaria and Glen Hope Jennie
Dowalt ; Fairview, Mary llalcy, Wil
liams School, TrosBa Neff; Everly,
Miss Kveily; Coalport, Annie Mat
thews; Matthews, Maggie Cummings;
Porter Run, Susan Flolchor; Jlager
ty's, D.M. Bloom ; McCoy School, W.
.1. McCoy; Plank Road, H. J. Fry.
Kartliaus township Ouk Hill, Ed
gar L. McCloskcy; Salt Lick, Anna
L. Hall ; Knrthaus, May L. Hemphill ;
Three Runs, T. W. Buchanan.
Boggs township Blue Ball, D. D.
Shincl ; Eagle Eye, Frank Clare;
Stonoville, Margery Welch; Bethle
hem, Martha U. Swoeny.
TIIF. KDITATOII.
Henry Ward llcocherrocontly said :
Without tbo educator you have tho
golden stick with no candle. The
common schools of America are to ox
alt tho teachers, and the time will
come when it will be enough to say,
no was a teacher, to give him tho
highest rank in the land. The teacher
should be the ideal and example of a
noblo womanhood and a noble man
hood. Tbis cannot be accomplished by
starving tbem. Their salaries should
be ample, so that tbey may devole
tbemselvos to tbe children. They
should have no thought of their
own wants. Tbe State should pro
vido for them, and they should be
made so comfortable in their avocation
as to honor it. My profound convic
tion is that tbe common schools are
the salvation and light of the Nation,
It is placing tindor the whole popula
tion tho foundation of light and knowl
edge, that our people shall grow up in
a common lito, so that we shall have
common people and a Common-
wealth."
The n7m, a sprightly little dbect
published monthly at Curwensville by
C. C. McDonald, contains the following
pertinont remarks on teachers' salaries :
"loo much. l Dirty dollars per
month is tho munificent sum the direc
tors of tho Pike township schools have
decided to pay their school teachers.
Y et half the taxpayers will think even
that amount too much. First as last
our young people may as well loarn
that genius, labor or scholarship meets
very little reward in that profession.
Hotels will pay their cooks twice that
it thoy aro good ones, and laborers can
earn (10 more por month. The policy
of school boards, or rather the people
whoso servants those boards are, bas
evor been against the teacher. Whon
teachers are scarce and caanol be had
for double tho now common wagos, the
people will realize that their children
must be educated and will willingly
pay a living prico lor competent in
structors. In the fnco of starvation
wages tho educational mills are yearly
grinding out a now grist of teachers
who are eager to fnicA at any price.
Cannot human ingenuity invent some
better profession for tho aspiring geni
uses of the next era.
ri:.unt:iis HAXiiiiooKAxn maxiai.
Superintendent McQuown, who is
ovor awake to the interests of educa
tion, has recently compiled a little
,!,I.J i.T II . U .
UOUH CllllllUU, IKAUIhH lUAnU UWA
ami Manialof Information," for the
use of teachers in the county. It con
tains a well arranged and connected
course of study for three years in the
public schools, and all pupils tinisbing
it at the termination of that timo, will,
upon passing an examination, be grant
ed tho Common School Diploma. The
work contains much valuable informa
tion to teachers and school officers, and
will be especially valuable to young
teachers who are frequently much
puzzled how to conduct thoir schools,
when they have no definite rules to
go by. Yt c do not claim that teachers
under all circumstances should follow
these rules and no others ; nor is it the
intention 'of Prof. Mcluown that
teachers should accept them without
due exercise of thoir own judgments,
and, subjecting thorn to such modifica
tions as the interest ol eaon Individual
school may require Tbey can, how
ever, be followed in the main, greatly
to the advantage of our schools, and
should therefor receive the serious
consideration ot teachers. The follow
ing is tho preface to bis work :
" Tbe key to success in our school
work is harmonious action between
Teachers and School Officers. It is
well that we fully understand one
another, in order that no mistakes may
be mado or offences committed. To
mske the work of the school room uni
form, is to make it effective. Our
methods of teaching should be reduced
to a system, and this can only be done
by mapping out the way, and then
pursuing that war with definite ends
in vivw. To inaugurate nnitorm move
ment throughout the county in our
methods of instruction is tbe object of
this little volume. In its pages will be
found tbe plan of work for the coming
three years, together with such hints
and suggestion as will greatly aid
teachers in the management of their
schools. Tbo desires of tbe County
Superintendent are enumerated in its
pages. To enforce all the plans of the
work will be bis aim; to honor it sug
gestions and help carry tbem into
effectiv practice, will b the doty of
every teacher.1'