CLEARFIELD REPIBLICAV
CLEARFIELD, PA.
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U. B. OOODLANDER,
PublisW.
CLEARFIELD
RBPl
BLICAIN
GI0. B. OOODLANDER, Editor & Proprietor.
PRINCIPLES, NOT MEN.
TEEMS $2 per annua in Advance.
VOL. 51-WH0LE NO. 2,695.
CLEARFIELD, PA., WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 3, 1880.
NEW SERIES-V0L. 21, NO. 13.
IT
auiifrs' Cards.
w. SMITH,
ATTORNEY-AT-LAW,
11:1:71 Clearfield, Pa.
J. LINGLE,
ATTORNEY - AT
1:18, I'hlllp.burff, Centre Co.,
LAW,
Pa y:pd
R
OLAND D. SWOOPE,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
Curwcoavitle, ClearBeld oounty, Pa.
o
SCAR MITCHELL,
ATTORNKY AT LAW,
CLEARFIELD, I'A.
tUT-OUce In llie Opera II, iu... oclll, "78-tf.
QH.1 W. BARKETT,
Attorneys and Counselors at Law,
clearfield, pa.
January 30, 1878.
pRAEL TEST,
ATTORNKY AT LAW,
Clearfield, Pa.
plr Oft. oo door ait of Shew Hotiaa.
Ijjnei
Cards.
TI'MTICKM' C.NJTAHI,Ka VKEM
Wo bar printed a largo number of tba bow
KEB BILL, and will on tba raoelpl of twenty.
Se. Mnl. mail mi,t to any addreae. )?
WILLIAM M. HENRY, Justice
or T Pa.ic ann Hcmriiin, LUMBER
CITY. ColleeUone mad. and anoaoy promptly
paid oror. Artiolee ot aa-raemeat and deeds of
aoo.oyanoe Beatly eieeutad and warranted oor.
rant or ao ebarira. ItjT''!
JOHN D. THOMPSON,
Juatlae o! tba Peace and Scrivener,
Curweiuvllle. Pa,
ttL-Col.Mt.oas wade and money promptly
pair! over.
fbS2'7Uf
'BKETII,
(out run r. o.)
JUSTICE OF THE PEACE
FOR BKL.L lOWNSUIP.
Ma; 8, 1H78-Iy
J
AMES MITCHELL,
deilr la
V
TiX. M. McCULLOUGH,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
CLEARFIELD, I'A.
ODi.'o In Maeosie building, Svoond etreet, op
pn.ite tht Court liouea. Je28,'78-lf.
C. ARNOLD,
LAW
:it
4 COLLECTION OFFICE,
ft) RWENSVILLE,
Cl.arBeld County, P.nn'a. Toy
BROCK. RANK,
ATTORNKY AT LAW,
CLEARFIELD, PA.
lilT.ce in Oprra Ilouta. ap SS,77-lJ
gMlTH V. WILSON,
illtorney-tit-I.air,
CLEARFIELD, PENN'A.
y-OrTlre la tbo Masonle Building, orer tbr
Cuuniy Ntlional Hank. iunr:i4-80.
Square Timber & Timber LiiihIh,
Jall'TJI CLEARFIELD, PA.
REUBEN HACKMAN,
House and Sign Painter and Paper
Hanger,
Clearfield, Peuu'a,
treJuWlll oiecute Job. la bi. lino promptly and
In a workmanliko manner. apr4,A7
yiLLIAM A. UAGKRTY,
,f rrofc.reivf r-r.f ir,
CLKAHFIK1.D, PENN'A
J'-fl-Wlll attend to all leg! hit, nest with
pruinfitners noil fidelltj. febl l,'ifl-lf.
WILLIAM A. WALI.4C1.
hibnt r. wall At a.
PATIP L. KRXBa.
jonk w. wateLir.
UrALLACR & KREBS,
1 T (Kuoeiiori to Wallace A Fielding.)
A T T O II NBY8-AT-LAW,
JOHN A. STADLER.
BAKER, Market St., Clearfield, Pa.
Frtib It re id, Rink, Rvlla, Pie and Caken
on band or made te order. A general aaaortmcDt
of ConfftPtioDeriei. Fruit and Nuti'in toch.-
lot Cream and OyMen In fpaion. iSkIood Brarly
(ir.ptjite thfl Peitoffica. Pricai njodcrat.
WEAVER &. BETTS,
PBAt.ERI III
Real Estate. Square Timber, Saw Legs,
AND Ll'llHKR OF ALL KINDS.
jf-crOfllna on Htotnd treet. in rear of it ore
rciia of Utorge Weever k Co. jantt, '7t-tf.
RICHARD HUGHES,
.11 ST1CE OF T1IR PEACE
rn
Ittrnlur Tounuhlp,
(lUMola Mill. P. O.
II official bu.lo.ri antraatod lo bim will bo
promptly atlondud in. iaob29, '78.
f TARRY SN YDKR,
LX BAMIiER AND HAIRDRESSER.
Shop on Market Bt., opposite Court Hi-u
A clean tuwtl for iery eaptoner.
A l(o dealer in
tleM llianda t f Toba co and Clfiim.
ru.-flolH p rtitbT 19, '71
JAMES H. TURNER,
Jl'STICE OF THE PEACE,
Uallacrton, Pa.
jjr-OJ" He has prepare i bimtelf with all tbe
Deceit ery blank frtna under tba Ptoiion anil
Bunnty lawa, u veil nt blank Decdi, etc. All
legal matieri enlrmted to hu flart will rereire
prompt attention. May 7th, I8T'.'-tf.
IN THE DARK WOOD.
T WILLIAM MORRIS.
t'pon an eve I iat me down a wept,
li'oauee the wurld to me eeeinel nowiia good ;
Bull Autumn ru it, md tbe mea It.wi ilopt,
Tbe ial(ty hlllt rirettmed, and the ellent wood
Seemed liiteoim U the aorrnw of my mood )
! knew not if the earth with me did grlere,
Or If it mocked my grief tbat bitter eve.
Then 'Iwiit my lean a Maid did I lee
Who drrw a nifcb me o'tr lie leaf-rtrewn srai,
Then etood ard gaud upon me pitifully
H'iih grief worn tyrr, until my woe did pan
F'rt-aj me to hvr, and trarleta now I iu,
And ibt, 'mid Irarr, wee avking me of one
She long bad rouglt unaldi-d end aiun.
Uim 1 knew not of, and ibe loroed away
Into tbe dark wood ; while my own great pain
Hlill held me there, till dark bad eUio tbe day,
And periibrd at the gray dawn's band again.
Then from tbe wood a roloe eriod i ' Ah, in vain,
m tkih i itti uiee, u, iuou bitter eweet I
In wbftl lone lar.d aie eel thy long for feet ?"
Then I locked up, at J. lo 1 a man there came
From 'uiidit the Iron, and eluud reg-iTling nifl
And, tnce ag:iin, dit tcart were dried for limine;
Hut be orid out : "Oh, mournrr, where it she
Wkom I bare fought o'er every land and sea?
I love ber. and ebe lovetb me : and ilill
We meet no more ibun green bill meetcth bill."
With that he peaed on eadly, and I knew
That theie bad met, and mined, in tbe dark night,
B'indfld by blindnen of the world untrue
That bidelh love, and maketb wrong of right,
1'ben 'm I tit my pity tor their loat delight,
Vet more with barren longing I grew wtmk ;
Yet more I mourned tbat I had Dune lo let-k.
PARIS AND TUB COXMUXK
A I tr'Tl UEIlV KX.WINISTKK WASIllllIUNI.
J.
K. SNYDER,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
CLEARFIELD, PA.
Ode. orrr tbo County Natloatl Bank.
Juno 28, '7Str.
g L. McGEU,
tTTORjrEr-.tT-lt If,
DaBois, Clearfield County, Penn'a.
arwill attend promptly to all loiral bminou
rniru.Mu lo ni. o.ra. janxi, nv.
tkoi. a. mi-brat.
crana .oar.o.
UIiRAY k (iORDON,
ATTORNEYS AT LAW,
CLEARFIELD, PA.
ayofflco lo Pi.'. Opera lloufo, .aoond Boor.
o.ari i. BaALLT.
"fcENALLY A
DaaiRL w. a cuanr,
MoCURDY
ATTORN EYS-AT-L AW,
Cleartteld. Pa.
ayL.iral ba.ine., attondad to promptly witbj
dd.lity. UIBoa oa tiaoond llrool, abovo tba Firat
Aattonal Uank. Jin:l:78
G. KltAMKR,
ATTORNEY-A T-LAW,
Raal Eauta and Collaotlon Agent,
CI.BAKFIIvLO, PA.,
Will promptly attend to all legal buainaa. an.
trnated to bi. oar..
wTOffloa In Pie. Opera Hoom. janl'76.
T F. McKKNRICR,
e
DISTRICT ATTORNEY,
CLEARFIELD. PA.
All legal builneae entrusted to hla ear will re
eeive prompt attention,
jrOfflce In tbo Court Houie.
augl4,IB7S-ly.
JOHN L. CUTTLE.
ATTORNEY AT LAW.
Mid Heel Ratal Agent, Clearfield, Pi.
Office om Third atreet, bet.Cherrj Walnut.
pKeapeatfully offen bit eerricei In aelling
and buying landt In Clearfield and adjoining
oountlea j and with an eiperienee of over I went?
y-are aa a anrreyor, flatten himtelt tbat he eaa
render aatUfaeUoa. ( Fab 3ft:ll:tf,
.yimsUinns' (Cnrfls.
E. M. SCHEURRR,
D'1
I1OM03OPATHI0 PHYSICIAN,
OBlo. la raaidenra oa Flrat rt.
April 14, 1171. ClearBeld, Pa.
jyt. W. A. MEANS,
CUYSICIAN A SURGEON,
DI1I10IS CITY, PA.
Will attand profaa.lonal oalla promptly. au8l0'70
yt. T. 1. BO YE It,
fHYSICIAN AND SURGEON,
OBoa oa Uarkol Slraot, ClaarBold, Pa,
VaT-Offioa hour.: I to li a. a , and I to I p. .
jyt. J. KAY WRIGLEY,
UOSIiXPATHIO rilYSK'IAN,
4r0ffin adjnlnlne tba ro.id.nna af Jan.,
r:,Wj, K.a., oa HMoad Su, Cl.ar8.ld, Pa.
Jaly.11,'78 If.
D
U. II. B. VAN VALZAII,
CLKARKIEMI, PICN N'A.
OIFICE IN RRSIDFNCK, CORNRROF FIRST
AND PINK HTI1KKT.1.
tr- Omea boara-rroa, lta t P. M.
May II, 1871.
1)
R. 1. 11URC1IFIKI.I),
Late bar gee a of Ike lid Reglmoat, PenmylvanU
veiaateere, navmg retarnea irea imt Amy,
offer hla prefaHieaal tervltaa t tbaelUaenj
af Ulearleldeeunty.
naVProfulonal ealli promptly ataenlett la.
vmre o Deaoa iweei, rorateriyeeewptee ay
t. Weeda. apri, tl
Jon pRinnia or evert dwcmp
He aeelly eieeeted at thl ciee.
NDREW HARWICH,
Market Wtrett, t'lcarUeld, Pa.,
MARI FACTUHKR ASD UBALKR IR
iirnM. Bridlett Saddles, Collars, and
Horse-furnishing (looa,.
"AII kindi of repairing promptly attended
to. tSaddlera' Hardware, 11 u rue llruebce. Curry
Coinha, Ao., alwayi on band an-l for tale at tbe
loweat eaab pr.ee. (.Marrh W, U79.
G. H. HALL'.
PRACTICAL PUMP MAKER,
NEAR CLEARFIELD, PENN'A.
9Pumpe always on hand and made to order
en abort notice. Pi pet bored on reaaonable terma.
All work warranted to render aatiafaotion, and
delivered Ifdealred. tnySiVlypd
Ejlvcry IS table.
'Ml E undertigned begi leave to Inform the pub
X Ho that be la now fully prepar to accommo
date all in the way of turniabing H..iea, Iluggiei,
Sad 1 lea and Harnett, on tbe tborteat notice and
en reaionable terma. Heiidrnce on Loeuet (treat,
eiween intra ana roarta.
OEO. W. (IRAK HART
Clearfield, Feb. 4, 1874.
WASHINGTON HOUSE,
Ol.KN HOPE, PENN'A.
rflllB naderalcned, barina leaaod tbi. eora
modioua llolel, la the Till.re of lil.n Hope,
i. now prepared to aeeommod.ta all wbo mar
call. My table and ber .ball be .uimlied witb
iub ub.i ,ue merge, enorna
tlKOROE W. DOTTS, Jr.
Olen Hup., Pa., March 18, IS7D tf.
THOMAS H. FORCEE.
DRAL1M IR
GENERAL MERCII AND, NR.
(It AIIAMTON, Pa.
Alio, eitensive manufacturer and dealer In Houan
Vl 1 ..JU J 1. .L.a- '
a i iu uwi Beim oawfa ijuinneroi ail Kindt.
CaT-Ordera lollelted aad ell killa tirntnntl
, . r ...
-1'' "ivinidi
. .
E. A. BIGLER L CO.,
DRALRBI IR
SQUARE TIMBER.
and aaanutaetarara of
AM. klNIIS OK HAH I I) I.I Mllt'.H,
8 7'71 CLEARFIELD, PENN'A.
S. I. SN Y D E R,
PRACTICAL WATCHMAKER
ian nB.L.B la
Watchoa, Clocks and Jowolry,
l?rneae,'e Jtew, Mmlut ftrrrf,
CI.CAIIKIr:!.!), PA.
All klnda of repairing In my line promptly at
ad.d to. J.n Iat, 187V.
Clearfield Nursery.
ENCOURAGE HOME INDUSTRY.
rMll ander.iraed, harlni e.uhll.h.d a Nor
1 eery oa the 'Pike, about hall way betwora
CleaiSeldknd Curwrnarille, (a prepared t fhr
nleh all klnda of FRUIT TKRKn, (ataadard and
dwarf,) Everrrwne, Shrabhery, Orepa Vlnaa,
tiooaeberry, Lewtoa Hlackherry, Htrawherry,
and Kaapberry Vine.. Alao, Kiberiaa Crab Treee,
Walnea, and early ararlet Rhubarb, Ao. Order,
promptly attended to. Addre.a,
J. D. WRIIIIIT.
ae,20 , Caiwenarlllo, I'a.
MEAT MARKET.
F. M. CAEDON & BR0.,
Oa Market Si, en. door wee! of MoaaHn lloaea,
CLEARFIELD, PA,
Oar arrangemente are rf tba moat anmplele
ebaraetar lor furalabing the public with Freah
Meal, of all kind, and of the vary beet quality.
eYaelM deal IB all kiade of A erieoltarel Imp!.'
meats, arhieh we keep on etblbitlon fur lha bea
a8t of tbe pablta. Call around when la town,
aad lahe a wok at thlnaa, or addreaa aa
V. M. CARIlUN A BRO.
Olearleld, Pa, Jely 14, I87t-tf.
t lrarlltlA luMitranrt .Iftnty.
.AaaB aaaa. eaaa'jLL a. aiaai.B.
H tit It tf BIIHtLK, .4gtnt,
Rrpreaeal tbe follnwlnf ant other Iral 4laa. C.'a
Campaalea Aaeeta.
LtrrriKnl Loadoa A ffllnl,. tf. 1. Kr..d . I .
L.enmle, a matael Aaaah pleat. ,M,ee
l'koaii, of llartrnrd, Conn , I.87I.8H8
laavrenee Ca. of Nurth AmerirB ....,.. 8,4:l,874
North Brltl.h A VereenUle-ll. . Br. 1,7.1.881
rVolll.lt Commeraial U. t. Braaeh.... 818,148
Waurmwa - 781,818
Traeeler. (Llla A Aeoideat) 4,eS,4M
Omra aa Market St., en,. Cart lloaea, Cleaf
8.14, Pa J.a..,-7 lf.
A lurjiii itudii'tu i: tiKtoiicd to tho Hon.
E. B.Wimlibiirno.cx MiniHtor lo I'mnco,
wbo delivered a lecturo in jtrooklyn,
recently, livforo t ho Loiijr Inliind II is
torical Society. Tho ptieuker wub in
troduced liy the licv. l)r liiuhoid S.
Slorin. The Biilijcrl, of tho (frenter
port of tho nddrcfw was tho"Sifjo and
the I primnKuf thoC'oinniuneof ruris,"
and tho ttrrihlc ecelicH of '71 were do
Hcrihed in pieturpaqnt) luiiKnape. That
portion of Mr. Wuil.liiinio'n remnilis
was pnrliculaily intoieHtinf; whoro ho
relera lo his ucUHintunci with Gam
I otla, ThelrH unii other well-known
Frenchmen.
lilt. l'lEHintNT : Tho paper 1 pro
i(ico to read to night is In relation to
l'aris and Franco during tho Frunco-
Gertnun war. und liai'ticuluily tho
Niego nml the ti ..rir-iitir of tho Com
ion ire of I'uris, which aic among tho
most extraordinary and intcicKiing
creiils set riown in tho annals til his
tory. Thero was all avalancho of
pitKHion, ci'iino, ritilonce, enlhusiasm
and enwardieu. Thero was (talfeiing,
deration, turbulence, excitement, mad
ness, cruelly, difllcHS, ahuiuo and
ubasement and the savage despotism
of tho whole populace Never helore
was witnessed tho spectacle of two
millions of people in the heart of a
great nation, a long distuneo trom tho
enemy's border, surrounded, besieged
and shut up lor livo months. Never
in undent or modern times has such u
city (alien into the hands of a lawless
mob, to bo ruled und controlled during
all of that tiiho by force and terror.
No one in a reasonahlu space ol time
can do justico to these subjects. Rut
what I navo to say will bo as brief as
it must bo unsatisfactory.
The Franco 1'riissian war brokoout
on tho 15tb ol July, 1870, to bo follow.
eu Ly the awiiti urar-tt oa lui'y
mg in its ruins an army of an empire.
Thero is not recorded in all history a
more tremendous downhill of a gov-
ornmcnt. Tho people alarmed, dis
couraged, inaddeneu by tho disasters
which had fullcn upon thorn, prepared
for great events. Tho nows ot tho dis
aster was made known in Paris on tho
ovening ol tho 3d of September, 1870.
On that day the pcoplo cf that city
were awaiting tho result of the great
operations on tho frontier; but it was
too leanul calm uetoro tho storm that
was soon to burst upon l'aris and
Franco. There wus that indescribable
something in tho whole atmosphuro
that portended startling events. There
was tlie silent current which oluctri
heil every heart, thero was among
the mitHses ol tho l conlo but one
thought, one purpose and ono determi
nation, and that w as to tear down the
dynasty which had so long oppressed
ana corrupted the people and new be
I rayed and dishonored France. At
two o'clock m tho altcrnoon of that
day, the National Guard and tho peo
ple Iralcrnir.cd, and having overcomo
all opposition, invaded the C'hambnrol
Deputies, thrust out tho members and
took possession of tho hall ; and from
there ihcy went to tho Hotel de Villo.
whoro so many governments of France
bad already been proclaimed ; they
ii,v uiuviuiiuuu uuoiuor JVCDUUlIU Ol
r ranee. H was uamiietta who up
peared at ono of the windows of Hub
grand old palace and threw out to the
wi.nuu people gathered on the Place
de Grace a list of persons who wero to
lorm the Provisional Government to be
called the Government of the National
Delenco. Tho list was composed oi
tne jtcpnoiicun members ol tho Cham
bor of l)epulies from tho City oi Paris
TUt LAST DAYS OP TUB BMPIRE.
And now a word as to Paris and
Franco before tho breaking out of tho
Frunoo-Uerman war. The Emperor
resitted at the i uileries In tho midst ot
a brilliant court, and royalty was sar-
rounuod Willi giittoring splendor. To
a casual obsorver who visited Paris iu
lha lust days of tho Empire, there
wero certain appearances ol prosperity
happiness and content; but they wero
like tho fruit of the Dead Bea, in tho
lastdegroo deceptive Ileneath all this
outside show thero was to bo heard
tho deep rumbling of popular discon
lent. The real people wore dis.alified.
restless and uneasy. Their rL'titB and
liberties had been trampled under the
iron heel of power, and their discon
tent was often made manifest in Paris
by their turbulent gatherings on the
boulevards, which liud often lo be dis
persed by tbe police and squadrons ol
cavalry, whoso clashing sabres and
sounding bugles, were board in the
streets. Tho cry ol " Vive tJimpcr
curl'' allured by tho courtiers and
parasites, was responded lo by a giddy
mass In l'aris, which flattered by tho
counterfeit construction ol the govern
ment, dur.r.lod by tho glitter of tho
court, or fattening on the wealth of
royalty, abandoned itself to the illusion
of happy dreams, and bowed down bo
lero the glory and material strength
of the Empire.
1 cannot here enter npnn an analysis
of tho choractcrof the Emperor whoso
remarkable history has been so differ
ently Judged. Though falling from
power amid blood and shame and hu
miliation, it would bo idle to deny that
his memory as a Ilnnaparto is held in
revcrenno hy a largo and powerful
body of French pooplo. Ho was short
of stature, with a dull face and heavy
manners. Hober, refleetlvo, he showed
nono of iho vivacity which is a part ol
tho French character, lie was Intelli
gent, thoughtful and a good judge ol
men. He called about him bold, sa
gacious and sometimes unscrupulous
associates. ISut such was the charac-
tot of his personal and official Inter
coarse that bo always attached to his
parson those with whom ho was
brought "in contact. The stain upon
his memory was tho coup d'etat of 1)0
cemher, 1851, which will go down to
all history as one of the blackest
crimes which ever stained the ruler of
a great people. Victor Hugo has
said : "In ono night liberty was strick
en down by the band sworn to sup
port it." The inviolability of tho law,
the rights of the citizen, tho dignity ot
the magistrate, tho honor of the sol
dierall disappeared. Thoro arose
the despotism of a personal govern
tutnt, founded on perjury, murder and
ussiisi-inatiou.
Tho Empress, though Spanish, had
the manners and grace of a French
woman. She was ol tho medium
height, wilh graceful form and regu
lar features, lululligcnt, hrii'ht. and
fond of society, wjth a kind heart for
ull, she eaplivuled 'Uio court aud the
unslocralic socitity ot Paris, buo must
haro tho credit of having been espe
cially polite to ourown country -people,
whom sho ulwaja greeted with the
most charming affability at the Tuiler
ies. It was sometimes said that tho
marked politeness that sho showod to
our country-women was that sho de
sired to givo a glory to her palace by
the presence of tho tuir Americans,
whose beauty and grace and splendid
toilettes added so much to the brilli
ance of those magnificent fetes. Rut
whilo she enjoyed this popularity with
Iho court, it was said that shu was a
bigot, ruled by the priests and schem
ing tor tho suppression of populur
rights und free thought, lint undoubt
edly gicut injustice was done hor in
many paiticulars. hlio was given
credit lor exercising great influence
over tho Eiuporor, un i they alleged
against her that she instigated
the Mexican expedition which cost
Franco so much blood and treasure.
Alwuys spoken of as the "Spanish
woman," she catno to be tho hlc noir
to whom so many of the evils were to
bo attributed.
Til K PF.CL.11AT10N OF WAR.
I wus at Carlsbad iu liohemia when
the nows of the declaration of war by
Franco oguinst Germany was received,
und 1 haxlonud back to Paris at my
post ol duty. Iteaching there late in
the evening, 1 found the great masses
ol people, naturally so excitable und
turbulent, und uiways disliking the
tturmans, had been maddened by the
liilse news so skilfully disseminated
lhat King William bait insulted the
French nation through ils Ambassa
dor. Tho streets and boulevards and
avenues wero filled wilh people in the
greatest enthusiasm and exaltation.
The Champs F.lysees wilh tho brilliant
and flashing gaslights, and all the open
air concerts wero encumbered with a
multitude who filled Iho air with tho
cry of "To lierlin in eight doys I" and
their hearts wero set on lire, by tbo
terrible retrain of tho Marseillaise, tho
hymn of Krunce.
At this time thero wore 40,000 Ger
mans in Paris, who had come to France
to livo as good cilir.ens under tho pro
tection of tho laws. The German Am
bassador and all his Legation being
obliged to leavo Paris immediately, it
becamo necessary that this vast Ger
man population should hai'o protec
tion, and Prince liismarclr applied to
our minister to oilord thorn this pro
teclion and to take possession ol tho
archives of thoGcrmun Legation, Our
government ogreed to do bo provided
tho r'rcneh should agroo. From that
timo tho American minister became
practically the German Ambassador
to Paris, and so continued tor a period
of ten months, 'i'bere was no prece
dent lor such un action where great
nations wero involved. Jt was a task
of delicacy and responsibility for the
minister ol a noutral powor to become
tho minister for another nation at war
wilh a neighboring nation. It became
necessary to allay tho fright and terror
of this vast German population when
they lelt themselves expelled Irom
Franco. And the labor in giving these
people passports and securing means
to send out dispatches was very great
indeed. Advising tbe Uerman tiovorn
montuf thefrigblful situation in which
its peoplo were in Paris, in thirty six
hours with a promptness und liberality
wnicn win bo toruver an honor to the
Gorman Government, it placed 00,000
tualers to tbo credit ol tho American
minister with tho Rothschilds. It was
but a very lew duys before tho gates
ot Puns were shut. Muny of the
Germans could not get away, as some
wero in prison, and some without work,
and there was danger that they would
lull buck into tho hands of the Lega
tion in case of a eicgo.
A PORTRAIT or GAMRKTrA.
It was at this time that I first saw
Gambotla, who was then the Misislcr
of tho Interior. 1 stated Iho case to
him, and ho ordered the dischargo of
tbo prisoners, en masse, and, helping
others, sent them to the llclgian front
ier. Hub wus a magnificent act on tho
French Government, and the credit
was duo to Gumbella. It was at this
time that I first made tho atquuintnnce
of this distinguished man, an acquaint
ance that ripened intoafirnt friendship.
no was men a young man oi uDoul
thirty, a littlo under tbo ordin
ary height, and well proportioned;
nut no lias now uccoiuo very Btout.
llo Iiaa glossy nlacK bair, beard, and
handsome and intelligent lace. Ono
was struck with tho quickness of bis
perceptions, bis extraordinary exocu
live ability, hie promptness, his energy,
uis patriotism unu supremo love ol
country. He bad already developed
in Iho Chamber ol Deputies all tbat
ability and eloqticnco which had at
tracted public attention ; and in his
colossal struggle to savo iho country,
ho has exhibited all the grand qualities
ol courage, devotion and pluck which
acted upon the hearts of bo many of
ins countrymen, no has rendered
great service to his country, for which
posterity will honor him, and has won
undying laurels as an orator and a
statesman, and is to-day one of Iho
leading hguros In f rench politics. As
an orator, ho Is in my judgment will,,
out a peor in France ; and is without
an equal since Mirnbcau thundered his
olnquenceinthe Constituent Assembly.
i have heard an the great orators ol
my country, and many ol the groat
speakers in Knglund, but norer heard
the equal of his speech in tho Chamber
of Deputies after the arbitrary dis
missal ny MacHahonol Ins Kepubli-
can ministers, ltcloro the groat revo
lution In 1H77, be was condomnod to
tbrco moid hs imprisonment for saying
in a speech at Lisle that as President
MacMuhon had challenged the judg
ment of his country, tie must submit
to ils will or resign. For Hint speech
he was tried and convicted. Tho gov.
ernment at that time might have wish
ed to stifle that voice which had re
sounded through France and awakon
ed cchoos in the most rcmoto hamlet
of tho country. Hut eloquent as Gam
betta was, and dangerous as he was to
tho governing powers, had ho boon in
carcerated, he would havo born found
more mighty behind the bars of a dun
geon than at tho tribune of the Cham
ber of Deputies at Versailles.
Whilo the American ministea was
giving his thought to tho protection of
Iho Germans and tho persons and
property ol his countrymen in Paris
and franco, ho waictieu narrowly the
stupendous events that wero convuls
ing that country from centre to cir
cumference, and few events in history
havo more profoundly engaged iho at
tention ot the civilited world. The
German armies approached tho proud
copitul of France by a sure and resist
less tread. Tho opposing hosts were
scattered like thistledown and feath
ers, and tho stoutest Freeh hearts were
appalled in confronting tbo impending
uanger. mo poo pie grew less in num
bers in the streets, the theatres were
but feebly attended, aid iho passionato
accents of the Ma;illaiso no longer
icii upon eager ears, cut died away in
mo orec.es ; nil ran, put on a surious
air. strange, wild scenes wero overy-
w uere repeuiuu.
Events resulted in tU tufl of tho
Empire on the 4th of September, 1879.
On tho 7th of tho samo mouth, by di
rection' of tho Government of the
United States, Us ministers iu Franco
recognised tho Govornnunt of tho
National Defence as tho Government
of Franco. This was tho first'tocoi;-
nition by any power, an it creat
ed a mosi fuvorublo impression among
tho Parisians, A portion of the peo
ple, and particularly tho National
Guard, desirous to show 'jow much
they appreciated the prompt act of tho
United States, came every 4uy to tho
American Legation and paid their re
spects to the American mhiBtcr and
our Government. Tho mili-ury came
by regiments and battalions, marching
to the sound of national uin, and bore
tho American und French flags to
gether, filling tho air with " Fire
I'Amerique" and " I'i'm la Commerce."
I hey would then depute soma members
of the Commune to go to th. houso to
bear their personal compliments to tho
.minster ending by u littb speech;
they would then givo theuccolado and
kiss both cheeks. Laughter.
I'AltlS BHIT IN 1'BO.M THE WORLD.
Tho gates were closed on Sunday,
tho 18lh ol September, and all commu
nication with the outside world was
shutolf. Tho American minuter, bo
ing also Iho German minister, was tho
only man permitted to have inter
course with the outside world. He had
to send out his dispatcher in tho gov
ernment pouches under a flag of truce,
and received in tho samo manner his
correspondence, newspapers, etc., from
vtasuington and London, although ho
wassoinutimes without any intelligence
whatover forthrcoor four woeks. Tho
balloon service was established soon
alter tho commencement of the Biciro.
and this became ono means tho people of
Paris had of communicating witb thoso
ontsido. Hut whilo full information
was going out of Paris in tho balloons.
and the world was advised of what
was going on in tho insidoliho insiders
could got nothing Irom tho outside
The carrier-pigeon Borvico was utilized
ot roceivedispatchos but it was uncer
tain andunrcliuble, and it scarcely
amounted to anything.
itnmocuu with tue old government
remained, with tho exception of throe
of its members who had gone to Tours
uetoro tue aiego commonced. It was
necessary to havo that oulsido dclcera
lion reinforced, and Gambetta was
elected as the member ol tbe govern
ment to go out, which he did in a bal
loon. It was a hur.ardous adventure,
but it was'a Buocess. Arriving sulely
at Tours, ho seized tho holm of the
government, and with his soul on firo,
with his indomitabio purpose, his
pausclcss energy, bis magnetism und
enthusiasm, bo at onco subordinated
his colleagues to his own imperious
will. His enemies were right for once
when they called him tho "Dictutorol
France." That Dictatorship is ono of
the most interesting episodes of French
history, and Gambetta lived to havo
full justice dono bim for tho valuable
and unselfish services ho rendered to
bis country under tho most trying cir
cumstances in which a great nation
was ever found Alter tho war was
over, (iumbetta's enomicB in the Cham
ber of Deputies put in operation all tho
machinery ol a parliamentary inquisi
lion in Iho hope of staining his repu
tation, soiling his honor and destroying
bim in tho public estimation. They
pursued him for months, trucking him
with spies and pimps to find a spot
upon the good name. With tho ahso
lulo control of laticonntod and untold
millions, they found his record clean,
and his band unstained by public
plunder upplauso ; a bright examplo
f applause a bright example to pu b
lie men everywhere, and which can bo
followed with so much advantage in
othercountriesthan France, Kenuwed
applause J
THE REVOLUTION OP OCTollf.B 31, 180.
I have not timo to spouk of tho suf
ferings, patient enduranco and noble
sacrifices of tho French pcoplo during
tho siege of Paris. 1 witnessed some
of tho romarkablo Bccnes of tho fright
ful timo. Tho most extraordinary
event during the siege was tho Revo
lutinn on the 31st of October, a sort of
imperium in imperio, of which littlo is
really known. Ihoro was groat dis
content at this period among the Na
tionnl Guard ; It had become mutinous
and Insubordinato, and only waited for
tho opportunity to mako a domnnslra
tion against thoGovcrnmeiitol Nution
ul Delenoo. They Bcized tho timo
when tho nows camo into Paris of tho
surrender ol liar.aino. On Ihcso lid
ings the excitement of tho pooplo bo
camo intense beyond all description,
and a part of the National Guard
marched lo tho Hotel do Villo, sur
rounded It, and after a feuhlo opposi
tion tho mombers of tho government
wore seized In tbo great hall ot dehhor
ation and held as close prisoners, and
commonced measures lor their final
and complete ovorthrow. Tho most
violent of tho invaders cntorod tho
room whero tho members of the gov
ernment were assembled, and demand
ed their abdication wilh threats of
violoncesnd assassination. Tho nows of
this com1 rfVfiif spread liko wildflro over
Iho wholo city, producing terror and
consternation among all orderly people
it seemed as II too government ot tho
National Defence wus to boovcrthrown
and the red flag displayed, Bad tho
revolutionary government Installed in
its place,
Tho nows roaclioj tho Legation
about 6 80 in tho afternoon, and 1 im
mediately went to tho Hotel do Villo to
see lor myself the actual situation, und
a more exciting and turbulent see no
cannot well be conceived than that
which I behold. Hero wero armed
men in the magnificent palace under
tho light of gas, which was ovory where
brilliantly lighted. The whole build
ing was filled with a massot people in
sympathy with revolt, and all treated
tho overthrow oi mo existing govern
ment aa a fixed fact. Showing my
card, I was permitted to enter, and 1
mingled freely with tho crowd and
heard theconversalions and thoir plant.
Everybody was in tho utmost good
humor, and in all tho rooms wero lit
tlo knots of men making up their lists
of tho new government. Each knot
handed mo their list as a vote distribu
tor would give a ballot on an election
day. Ihcy felt assured thut the gov-
eminent would abdicate, and if not
tney had tho force lo hold tho mem
bers as prisoners. Tho situation to mo
seemed absolutely perilous, and 1 Wits
impressed with tho danger which im
pended over tbo city.
Returning to my Legation lata in
tho evening I found tho Blrools and
boulovards tilled with excited neonlo.
all breathing hostility lo the Govern
ment of tho National Defence. The
loyal and patriotic people, filled with
fright and terror, had retired to their
houses, and brooded over their threat
onod danger. Soon tho tocsin rang
out in all the streets, and at 11 o'clock
at night I heard from unjler my window
lhat dreadful sound, which in tho first
Revolution had bo often frozen ovcry
heart with terror. It was ono of the
most fearful nights ever experienced
in thut devoted city. Fortunately in
tho confusion and tumult attending tho
arrest ot the government, Jt. Ernest
1 icard, Minister of Finance, escaped
and immediately devoted himself to
iho organization of a loyal forco to re
lease his colleagues. This wus made
apparently easy ; tho revolutionists,
from their certainty of success and
their deep potulions of wine, had be
eomo careless and in the latter part of
oi iiigui nieepy. j loyal regiment was
introduced into tho Hotel do Villo bv
a subtennncan way, and almost before
iho mob and National Guurd knew it,
they wore driven head and hoels out
of tho building, and tho government
was savod. Applause.
The Jl'ui isians held out until tho
wholo city was liltorully exhausted.
All tho horses wero kilied lor food.
Everything cutablo was at enormous
prices. On Christmas eve, passing by
a nine meat shop iu tbe liue I. azure, I
his death was tbe great central figure
ofEuropo, and who had rendered to
his country such Inestimahlo and ex
ceptional Burviccs as to entitle him, as
Prince Bismarck said to mo.to the proud
est monument ever erected by a grateful
peoplo. No man could have rendered
ervico lo his country in that trying
i-poi ri as uio rniars. no naa an ao
tivily without example, und his labors,
to Ihoso wbo knew him, seemed almost
incredible, llo allotted to himself livo
hours of sleep in tho twentw-four. He
never aroso luter than five o'clock, and
was always in his Cabinet at work at
that hour. Thero was nothing iu the I
wholo range of tbe administration of
tho government nt t ranee that escaped
him. Ho fumiliarized himself wilh
the details of tho business in all of tho
ministries, and it was often that a min
ister would be surprised to receive a
note from him for an interview at six
o'clock in the morning, llo knew
everything, and directed everything by
bis constant association with tbo most
distinguished men in France. Ho ac
quired information of all that was go
ing on. It was his habit, from tho day
1 first met him. until the timo of his
death, lo give a dinner party ovcry
uuy oi uis me, lo winch wero invited
the ablest and must distinguished and
best informed men of Franco. After
the dinner was over, and from half-
past 9 to 11 or ball past 1 1 o'clock, his
salon was always open for reception,
at which all persons whoso position
gavo ihem tho right to on'.er, were
cordially welcome, and hence bis re
ceptions woro attended by all the most
distinguished men ol tho country who
wero in sympathy with In in ; and by
his conversation wilh thesu men he
acquired vast information to uid him
in the discharge of his official duties.
He never gave up his valuable timo in
tho day to tho reception of ollico hold
ers and place-hunters, and to dabble in
tho dirty pool of personal politics.
Applause. His timo was loo valua
blo to his country to bo taken tin with
such trilling iriuttcrs. His name, en
shrined in tho hearts of bis country-
nealncBs ; und yet under a plausible
exterior be concealed tho heart of a
tiger. Bold, energetic, desperate, cyn
ical, ho was consumed by the must
deadly hatred of society and the most
intense thirst lor blood. All his asso
the news of the day, and took him the
nowBpapers and somo wine. I was
dooply touched by tho appoarante ol
tbo Archbishop, Uis slender person,
bis form somewhat bent, his beard
long and bis faoe haggard from illness,
his swoot and gentle mannor could not
havo failed to touch tbe most indiffer
ent obsorver. Ho was one of tho most
charming and agrceablo of men and
was boloved alike by the rich and by
tho poor, for he haul spent his money
in acts of benevolence and charily, and
was particularly distinguished for his
hboral views and Catholic spirit Tht
cruelty of his position and prescience
of bis coming fato did not change the
sweetnoss of his disposition, nor the
serenely of bia temper. No words ol
bitterness Inward lua iiarsoeniorw ea.
leaped his lip, but ho seemed rather
lo tlntl ixcuso lor tho people of Paris,
lo whom bo had been allied by so many
ties of sympathy during his wholo life
Ha said he was patiently awaiting the
logic oi events, and praying that Prov
idence might find a solution of the
terrible troubles then desolating Franco
without tho shedding of any more
blood, and he added in a tone of nisi-
ciatoassassinfl bowed before his despotic
will. Nono opposed him. for his ei nl.
tire was tho signal of death. He held I ahchnly, the accents of which will
in bis hand I bo life ol every man in never, never hu fllaced Irom my mem-
ventured lo step in and inquire tho men, will go down lo Iho end ol all
prieo of a middling-sized turkey, for a philosophic agrs as tho liberator of the
Christmas dinner the next day, and tho territory ot Franco. Ho was buried on
iroprietor. Willi all tho uo ilenoss of a
Frenchman, said that, seoing it was me,
1 might havo it for 825. All tho wild
animals in tho Jurdin des Plautcs, with
ono exception the largest collection in
tho world, wero killed and eold for
food. Then thero was no meat to bo
had but horeo moot. I bad no occa
sion, however, myself to eat horse meut,
but I did cut mule meut, and I must
suy to tun credit of thai useful and for
bearing animal, I found him quite good.
Laughter. My Secretary, Colonel
Ilofl'iuun, ate the meats of ull the wild
animals in tho Jardin des Plantes, in
order to judgo which was tho best, and
alter a fair trial ho declared thut the
elephant was the best of all. Laugh
ter. Hut tho timo had como for tho sur
render of Pans, and a portion of the
city lo be occupied by 80,000 German
troops until tho treaty should bo rati
fied by tho National Assembly. It is
impossible to describo tho profound
impression thut this matter mudo upon
Iho Parisians, liut thero wore no re
sources left, for novor was thero a city
so thoroughly exhausted in ovory re
spect. In many parts of tho town the
streets wero not lighted nt night. Tho
pcopio Kept in doors. Tho shutters
wero all closed, and so completely
wore Bomo parts ol the town deserted
that they seemed liku places of tho
dead. A ternblo day was tho 1st ot
Murch, 18, 1, to tho Parisians. It was
a day ol unulturablo sadness, humilia
lion and despair.
Tho treaty having been ratified ac
cording to ils stipulation, tho German
troops commenced moving out on Fri
day morning at B o clock, having oo-
cupicd a portion of the city for two
uays. Marching up tho Chumps Ely
sees, they passed under tho Arc do
Triompho, amidst vociferous cheering,
and at 1 1 o'clock precisely tho last
German soldier passed out, and Paris
once more breathed free It must bo
snid,to iho honor of tho Gorman troops,
that the utmost order pruvailed, und
thut there wus no violence aguinst per
sons or property. No sooner were the
troops on their way out ol tho city
tbun tho closod streets, restaurants and
hotels throw open their doors. The
grand avonno ol tho Champ Ely-sees
was swept and sprinkled, and the mag
nificent fountains of the Placo do la
Concordo began lo pluy. At 3 o'clock
in the afternoon the day w us splendid :
ull thut part of the city which hud been
so long under tho guiso of a Ittnerul
pall, presented a guy and cheerful up
peurunce, and the people tor iho first
timo seemed happy alter so many long,
droary, suffering und eventful months.
Provisions immediately begon to pour
in lor tho relief ol tho sturvinir people.
With unbounded generosity, Knglund
tho 8'.h of September, 1 S77, under cir
cumstances bucIi as hud never belore
been witnessed in tho history of the
world. Eight hundred ihousund pco
plo assisted at this uncquuled eoro
mony, and all France poured out tears
liko water, over tho green grave of
that distinguished man. 1 tollnwcd
the cortego and helped to lay (lowers
on bis bier as America s tribute to Iho
dead patriot and statesman, tho friend
of our country and tho admirer of our
institutions. Appluuse
"Such honore Illon to ber hero paid,
Aud peaceful tleepa lh. mighty llaolor'a .hade."
AN OBI1T OP BLOOD AND CRIME.
When tho National Guurd became
mutinous, unfortunately tbo govern
ment did not act at opto and disarm
it at whatever cost. It took no reso
luto steps in that direction, and the
spirit of insubordination grew by what
it fed on. Its presence encouraged all
the elements of discontent, and soon
the National Guard defied ull authority
and took possession of und fortified tho
Heights of Jlontmurtro. Tbe time,
however, soon camo when the govern
ment was obliged to try titles with
thai rebellious force.
Tho insurrection of the 18th of
Alarch, 1871, was the commencement
of an orgy of blood and crime, incendi
arism, cruelty, ruin nnd desolation, in
presence of w hich the world stands
aghtist. 1 1 was on tbo morning of tho
18th ol March, that tho government
had attempted to get possession cf tho
Heights of Monlmarlro and retnko the
cannon which wore in the possession
nr,l.n u.,:..-i i . t. ...
oi iuu A.utiuitAi uunm ; out mai mtivo
ment utterly lulled, lor us soon as
the National Guard and tho govern
ment troops camo within Bight of
each other, tho government troops
iraternizeu Willi the l, uald und re
fused to firo upon them. Hy four
o'clock in tho afternoon, tho insurrec
tionury forces practically controlled
the wholo city. They had seized two
gentlemen, Oen. Clement Ibonias and
Leconite, bringing them to mock court-
murtiul in a littlo room. They wero
condomnod to death, and immediately
shot in un adjoining garden. Tho gov
ernment, sceingthedespcrato situation
wunoui any means oi delence, imme
diately lolt Puris for Versuilles, Joav
ing tho National Guard in absolute
control of tho city. It was to Ihem
an embarrassment of nchos. They
suw at their teet ono of tbo richest,
most bcautilul und most productive
cities in the world, with its weulth,
splendor, refinement, intelligence, wilh
all its departments of government tho
treasury, tho war, tho r.nvy, tho inte
rior, tho polico and tho Hole do Villo ;
that city with all its bistono usaom
tions, ils splendid public edifices, its
palatini residences ; that city of luxury,
and tho United Slates stretched lorlh inste, elegance and refinement which
tho bund of churily. Applause had attracted tho wliolo world for con
Tim ntiTiiRKAK aw tub noktutoui l"t hy all, all in their hands.
After the sietre the Cnmmnnn nf P"?' m)led under foot ull law and
ltwa.nntli.1Hih nf Mr,rr.h ' y, ' no rcsiraini unu
Pa
1871, that tho insurrectionary National
ouard, numbering nearly l.iu.OOO men
well armed and equipped, drove the
government of which Thiers was tho
ohiot or cxecutivo powor out of Pans
and took possession of tho city. This
was not liko tho Commnno of Paris ot
tho first Revolution. That wus in
thoory tho local government of that
revolutionary and turbulent city, con
vulsed by tho elements horn nf that
groat historic period, when thrones
crumbled and dynasties loll. This old
Commune was In subordination to tho
National convention of France, that
tonihlo. body which seized all tho
brunches ot tho government, legisla
tive, executive and judicial. This old
Commune of Par is was the power be
hind tho throne, greater than Iho
throne itself, but at that time there
was an organized government of
Franco, which was the National con
vention itself, composed of one of the
most imposing bodies of men the world
has over known. There was the ex-
octition of law in all ol the ordinary
forms, and the horrible cruellies, op
pressions anil murderers wero under
the lorms of law. Hut in the Com-
muno of Paris of 1871, it wus simply
tho govornmcnt of a city of two mill
ions of pooplo by a lawless mob, whore
justice and law and order were all
trampled under fool, and thero was no
law but that of absolute forco, wielded
by tho worst men that over reached
power in any country.
wonderful work or mutts.
After Thiers becamo chief of the cx
ecutivo power of tho now Republio ol
trance, 1 presented lo him my letters
to the new government. From that
time until the day of bis death my re
lations with him and wilh his family
wore ol the most cordial character, and
I guarded tho recollection of all his
friendship as ono of tho most precious
souvenirs ol my official residence
abroad. I cannot sneak hero of that
amenable to no power, tho position of
tbo now rulers was somolhing nerer
belore seen.
Louis Hianc, in speakingof tho fright-
ful epoch of tho French Revolution,
says that tho terror by its excess hud
made anolbcr rovolution impossible,
and that its violenco bad assured to tho
lu to root France tranquil destiny. Alas,
it was in tho near luture that was to
illustrate to tho distinguished historian
how ho bad misjudged tbo capacity of
his countrymen under tbe influence of
a storm ol excitement for the most
monstrous excesses.
Tho men put in power by the Com
muno hud neither honesty, ability nor
cxecutivo capacity. Thero was no
weight to bogivon to tho talk or these
men that they woro fighting for their
liberty and municipal lights. It was
a fight merely for powor and plunder,
and to freo lliomselros from the io-
slrainls of law. Governed by no prin
ciple nnd having no regard for public
right, they bawled lor a Kopublic; lint
their first act was to murder General
Clemont Thomas, a Republican all his
life, driven out of Fiance as such hy
.Napoleon at the coupd elal ol 1801, and
only returning to his nativo land after
eighteen years of cxilo to offer his
sword to his country in the hour of hor
direct need. Tho roign ol the Com
mune was iho force oi desporate and
wicked men, unlimited, unchecked, un
restrained by any human powor.
Tilt LEADER OF TUB COMKIINB.
In approaching the history of this
poriod, we early confront one ol tbo
most hideous figures in history, and We
shudder at tho murders, cruelties, as
sassinalions and persecutions. Per
haps tho man to tie considered most ol
a leader of these frightful days was
Raoul Rigault, who bore tho litlo ol
Procurcur to the Commune Ho was
a young man nf not more than 25 years,
a journalist hy profession, highly edu
cutod and accomplished, of genteel ap-
pearanco and manners, alwaya dressed
l'aris, and lie wrought his vengeance
on every man to w hom hu took a dis
like. He organized murder, und irgu
lated robbery und incendiarism. It wus
ho who imprisoned tho Archbishop ol
t ans, unu Aooe .uegucrry, ana uie
Chief Justice, lionjeuii, and tho last
moment.beloro the city was recaptured
from tho mob, ordered their assassination.
It wus Rigault also who Bought out
ieuuey ana murdered bim under cir
cumstances, the narration of whieh
chills tho blood. Cbaudoy was a dis
tinguished lawyer ol wealth and posi
tion, a well known Republican, con
nected with ono of tho most influen
tial Republican journals of Paris. Ono
of the last loiters ho ever wrote was
addressed to mo, seeking my interven
tion to save his life. Hut, alus, it wus
too lute, and Rigault bad him shot
down like a dog.- Ho went at the dead
of the night to Chaudcy'a cell, and eaid
lo bim : "Cbaudoy, your hour has now
como." Cbaudoy responded : "Would
you execute me without judgment 1
You havo known me, Rigault, for a
long time You know I havo always
done my duty us a Republican, a good
citizen, und us an honest man. 1 have
a wife and child." Here is voice was
drowned by the blasphemies of Rigault.
Tho assassin guurd was called, and
Chaudtiy was dragged lo the prison
yard. A dim lanluin wus hung upon
the null. Tbo unfortunulo man was
ordered to stand up by it. Tho guurd,
wuu loaned pieces, Blood in Iront ol
him. Recovering all self-possession in
that supreme moment, with a firm
voice he cried : " I'it'e la Xepublique.
Fire!" Chaudey fell, liatbod in his
own blood.
In the samo way, Rigault went to
tho prison of tho Chief Justico, Hon-
jeau, whom ho found sleeping on his
prison pallet ol straw. ' liel up, old
man," cried out Rigault, ferociously.
for tomorrow wo will cut your
throat." "Young man," answered the
venerable Chiel justice, mildly, "it is
wrong that you should como und insult
mo thus. I am your prisoner. You
seo that I am un old man. Leave me."
Tho next night the venerable man fell
iu the prison yard of La Rouquetle,
pierced by the bullets ot mutderets.
lime would lull to recount all the
dreadful and monstrous horrors of this
time, increasing in madness and fury
as tho government troops were coming
nearer and nearer upon the hools ol
Rigault, bo giving his most ferocious
orders amid tho sound of approaching
cannon, and the lurid flames were lick
ing up the great monuments of Paris.
Uut his days wore numborod. Ho was
shot himself, liko a wild bcust, in tho
street a fitting ond of onoof tbo great
est loadutva of the Paris Commune, tbo
architect ol murder, incendiarism and
pillage not linking oven ono virluo to
a thousand crimes, but "leaving a name
at whieh tho world grows pale, to point
a morul and adorn a tale.
The most inlnmous and bloody de
crees woro issued by tho Communo.
Fortuno, business, public and private,
every industry, labor, financial enter
prise, wore all buried in one common
grave, and thoro was everywhere de
vastation, desolation und ruin. There
wus the commission of every outrage,
plunder, imprisonment, robbery and
every species of persecution. Every
German that was found in Paris was
immediately seized and thrown into
prison, only to bo roleused on my per
emptory demund. Never was thero
any demand by tho Amorican minister,
who acted as tho protector of tbe Ger
mane in F'ranco, which was not in
stantly granted, except tho release ol
the Archbishop of Puris. Applause
Anu it must ever oo a proud recollec
tion for Americans that during all of
this reign of crimo and blood, the
slurry ensign of our own Republio wus
everywhere the tcgis ol protection and
surety. Applause 1
Tho governing power during this
period was a body calling itself tho
Communo of Parr is, and tho mombers
wei o tho most desperate and debauched
scoundrels in all the purlieus ol the
city, but ninny of them highly educa
ted aud cultivulcd men. They were
romarkablo man, who at the lime of with tho most scrupulous taste and
fur more infamous than tho same class
ol mon in the worst days of tbo Roman
Empire, whose names havo bocn con
signed lo eternal infamy by tho pen ot
i acitus, j do orders ol this body were
inslantiy and summarily executed bv
tho National Guard, led, pampered and
corrupted, over ready to carry out its
infernal behests, restrained by no four
of tho laws of God or man, and with
appetites whetted for plunder and blood,
murder, burning, imprisonment and
torture. They burned down tho Tuil
orios and the houso of Theirs; they
burned the llolol do Villo and tho
buildings of tho Ministry of Finance
and Polico and tbe Legion of Honor,
tho great paluco of tho Court or Cassa
tion, and ovorturned the Column Ven
dome, and at last endeavored to burn
the whole city.
And what was tho aspect of tbo
city during tho duys ol the Commune?
It wus always tho same Parts. All the
little shops woro open, and tho wares
displayed woro of that exquisite tnslo
which captivates tbo toreigner. The
streets and boulevards were filled with
crowds of gay people lukingno thought
oi ills) morrow. 1 he theatres were all
open aud crowded, and the artists wore
never moro superb, r.vory Sunday
aflornoon concerts wero given at tho
Palaoeof tho Tui lories, and the grout
mob wandered at its easo through all
the gorgeous rooms, and gazed upon
the pictures and splendid fumittiro still
intact. They passed up tho same stair
case washed by the blood of the Swiss
Guard in the contest of the first Revo
lution, and looked on tho spot where
I. on is AVth bad been uohoaded.
It was a time for free recreation and
unlimited sensation. There wero wed
dings among tho bourgcoiso and funer
als and fetes and balls. All titles wero
prohibited it was only "citizen" "cito
jenne," and the now birth ot lawless-
ness was welcomed by imtwohso masses
of tho people, who, In tho greatest good
nature, naneu una now millennium with
indescribablo enthusiasm.
TflB MtBDKR OP Till AUrillllSMnp.
llut the blackest ol all crimes which
stained the bloody roign of the Com
muno was the Imprisonment and mur
der of Archbishop Darboy. Ho was
arrcstod and thrown Into prison lo be
held as a hostage. Ho had ovory op
portnnity to leave tho city, but ho do
dined to go. In the face ol all dan
gor be thought it his duty lo remain
with his people 1 offered him my
servicos officially, but unfortunately
in a fruitless endeavor to save the Mb
nf that illustrious prelate. I visited
him many times in prison. I told him
on , I huvo no tear ot death- It costs
but little iodic. 1 am ready!"
The last time I suw him was in tho
prison, two days before bis murder.
The jailors, who had boon before Tory
polite, refused to lot me see him in the
cell, and brought him into the corridor.
Alas! I had no good nows to toll to
him. I could only say thut 1 thought
my presence might choor him in that
frightful moment. Ho was oppressed
by tho condition of things around him
and his usuul cheerfulness had fled.
Finding the jailer impatient. I was
soon obliod to tuko my leave of him,
und it was the lest time thut I ever
grasped thallriendly hand. Two days
afterward he wus removed to tho
Prison La Rouquoltc, and at 8 o'clock
that night, in company ol Chief Jus
tico Honjoau, tbe Abbo Deguerry und
other victims were foully murdered by
u company of the National Guard in
the yard ot tbe prison. His body wus
thrown into a curl and buried with
others in a ditch, hut exhumed in a
few duys. All Paris haslcnod to do
honor to his memory, und the peoplo
wept over tho remains of him who
had been their kindest, their most
devoted and their most steadfast friend.
Tho murder of the Priests did not stop
with that of the Archbishop. Others
fell victims to tho diabolism of Raoul
Rigault and his associate assassins, and
wero deliberately murdered.
ENTRY OF Till GOVERNMENT TROOPS.
Tho Communo mado the most des
perate efforts for tbo defence of tho
city. Everywhere was displayed the
red flag lhat .hideous ensign of an
archy und blood but tho Govern
ment Troops, after ten weeks ol fight
ing, enlered Paris Madness, fury,
halo look possession of all the Com
munists, and desperation seized on all
their souls. Tho advance of tho Gov
ernment Troops was slow, but ultimate
success was certain. The bombard
ment of tho insurrectionary part ol
tho city for weeks, night and day, was
something awful. All that purl of the
city ncuicstihe Fort Jlont Valcricn
was laid in ruins and ashes.
1 remained in Paris most of the
time as my services woro needed there
tho most, it was on the morning of
tho first of May, 1871. that the Gov
ernment Troops entered the city, and
the In-colored flag floated on tho Arc
de Triompho. Soon after was heard
the booming of tbe cannon and the
sharp crack of tho chassepot. Tho
National Guurd and insurrectionists
ongaged in battlo with the invadors to
whom they opposed a madnoss, fury
and desperation novor before heard of.
Tbe Commune was thoroughly wild,
and had issued ordeis to burn and de
stroy tho city. Tbe battle raged
fiercely all day Monday and all day
Tuosday, and on tho night of TucBday,
fires began to break out in the part of
the city in the possession of tho insur
rectionists, showing that the threats
of a general conflagration had com
mented to be carried out. It was one
o'clock Wednesday morning that I
was awakened hy a fnond, who told
mo that tho puluco of the Tuilorics
wub all in flames. I hurried to a po
sition from which 1 bad a complete
view of tbe fire. It was a starlight
nigbt, calm and beautiful. Tho con
tinued roar of tho cannon, the rattle
ol tho mitrailleuse, and the eharp .
crack of the musketry, fell upon the
ear, and the whole scone was one of
terrible grandeur. If tho entry of tbe
troops had been delayed much longer,
nothing would have prevented the
Communards trom burning Paris.
Alter woeks ol desperalo Lighting
the government troops got possession
ol the entire city. Tho insurgents con
tested ovcry inch ol ground, building
formidable and deadly barricades. As
the French army moved slowly for
ward, overcoming all resistance and
securing the city square by square, the
whole aspect presented wus somolhing
without a parallel. There were the
barricades which had been captured,
blocking tho streets up with the do
bns; tbo avenues woro encumbered
with baggage wagons ; tbe artillery
had severed the brunches of the treos,
and tho buildings were everywhere
riddled by bullets, thero were to be
seen the dead bodies of the Commun
ists killed during the siogo, and a gen
eral wreck of matter rarely beheld.
Tho insurgents making their head
quarters at tho Hotel do Villo, finding
themselves hemmed in, gave up the
cause without a fight, but applied tho
torch to the wonderful pile so inter
woven with the history of Puris and
France, tbo prido of ull F'rcnchmcn for
so many centuries.
Outside the National Guard and tho
nsurroctionary part of the populace.
thero was unbounded joy amongst the
pooplo of iho city at their delivorance
Irom tbe monstrous oppression of a
moo lor nearly ten weeks. This mob
hud held them in terror, murdering
and imprisoning them, and making
their lives ono continued torment.
Then came the reaction, when tbe or
derly and peaceful citizens, released
from the feurlul and shocking tyranny
of the Commune, got the upper hand.
They were inspired by a spuil of rage
and madness impossible to be control
led : and then billowed the groat work
of arresting tho muss ol incendiaries '
and murderers and desperadoes of
every description Who bad ao long
made a beautiful cily a porfect pande
monium. In tho most insurrectionary
parts ot the city tho people wore ar
rested cn masse by tho military the
innnconts being alike included.
Thero is no timo to recount all the
frightful incidents which followed the
Capture of l'aris within tho scopo of
my prosonl purpose. No less than
50,000 insurgents wero arrested ; how
many wero summarily executed will
nover be known. Thousands and
thousands wero brought to tho military
court martial, and great numbers con
demned to death and shot. Still large
numbers were sentenced to imprison
ment lor lite, and many were departed
to the French penal settlements in
mw Caledonia, rtot speaking ol the
immenso sacrifices of human lilo in the
suppression of the Commune, the loss
nf property is estimated at 12,000,000.
llut lo tbe American minister it was a
satislaction to know that not 11,000 of
(icrman and Amonran property was
destroyed.
Such is a hurried and imperfect
Slanco at some of the events and ind
ents connected witb the siege and
Commune of Paris. It is impossible
for me to spoak farthor on this subject,
and I mssi close by thanking yon all
for the kind attention yoi have givon
me, and all tho kind interest which
you have boen ploasod to manifest Id
my subject. Applause.
I