THB
' CLEARFIELD EEPIBLICAV
CLIARFIILD, PA.
UTAH LI SHED IN
me la r eat Clrcalatlo af my Hawipapejr
In Kurth Central PenuaylTanla.
Terms of Subscription.
f paid la mItum, or withla I B.onthi....? M
jf piid aftar S and bofora I atonthi to
If kiil altar iba oiplratloB of 6 bob t ha... 3 MJ
Ratos ot Advertising,
Traniieftt avdrertiaaniaaU, par aqaaraof 10 How or
ten, 5 timet or left $1 60
Kr Bach aubaaquant loMrtioa.. fl
A lininlitralori' nd Eiaoatora'aoUoat t M
Auditor' ootioM I
0ulinmatid Kstraji I 6
Dirmlulion ootieaa 3
Proffttiional Carda, S 11 tiu or 1mi,1 year.... 0
L'tfal Dolloci.par line .. 10
YKAULY ADVBRTIBBMKNTB.
i ukr $8 00 I J eolmmB.. 00
3 aiuarea. 16 00 aolnua ..... TO 00
I aiuaraa... ..J0 00 I 1 eolamnM ISO 00
Q. B. QOODLANDKR,
Pabllabor.
aiviicrs' (farfls.
J J W. SMITH,
ATTORNEY-AT-LAW,
tl:1:TX ClearBeld, Pa.
T J. LING LIS,
ATTORNEY - AT - LAW,
1:11 Phlllpaburg, Centra Co., Pa. y:pd
11
OLANDD.SWOOPE,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
Curweuiville, Clearfield oounty, Pa.
ml. , '78-tf.
QSCAIt MITCnELL,
ATTOBNBY AT LAW,
CLEARFIELD, PA.
rirOBIce In Ike Opera llouee. ocl", "TS-tf.
G.
R. 4 W. BAHHRTT,
Attorneys and Counselors at Law,
clearfield, pa.
January 30, 1S7S.
rSRAF.Ii TEST,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
Clearfield, Pa.
WOOoe In the Court Houee. jjlltl
JU, M. MeCULLOUOn,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
CLEARFIELD, PA.
Offi.-e in llaeonie building, Eeeond etreot, op
.o.ita tba Court Itouaa. Je2S,'78-tf.
C. ARNOLD,
LAW Hi COLLECTION OFFICE,
Cl'BWEKRYILLI,
e?A Clrarfrold Countjr, Penn'a. Toy
g T. I1ROCKDANK,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
CLEARFIELD, PA.
iak In Optra Uouao. ap S&.TT-ly
gMlTII V. WILSON,
1ttornty-at-I.ait,
CLEARFIELD, PENN'A.
aj-OIp In the Maionl. Building, over tbe
Cuuety National Hank. mnrM-tt.
yiLLlAM A. HAGERTY,
.f TTOIt.YE I -.17'- t.f ',
CLEARFIKLD, SENN'A
Tfr-Wlll ntlend to all legal builnm with
ptomptneee and fidelity. febl 1,'40-lf.
WILLIAM a. WALL.CB.
Hiaar r. wallacs.
DATts L. bbbbb.
loan w. waieLBT.
rALliAOIi 4 KKKBH,
T (Huweeeore to Wallaoa A Fielding,)
ATTORNEYS-AT-LAW,
jil'77 ClearBeld, Pa.
J.
K. SNYDER,
ATTORN KY AT LAW,
CLEARFIELD, PA.
office in I'ia'a Opera IXuuaa.
Juaa IS, Hit.
g Ji. McGEE,
' .irroiM-ir-jr-UH',
DuBois, Clearfield County, Penn'a,
.-Will attend promptly 10 all legal baelneei
entru.ted to hia aara. jaaSI, 'Si
Tnos. a. auBaar. oraci oanoi.
Ml
URRAY k GORDON,
ATTORNEYS AT LAW,
CLEARFIELD, PA.
"Ofnoe 1b Ple'a Opera Uouaa, aaoond Boor.
:!0'7e
lOBBPI B. B'BIIAL1.T. DABIBt, w. m'oobdt.
Mc
cENALLY & MoCURDY
ATTORNEYS-AT-LAW,
ejiearueid. ra,
Legal baalneaa attended to promptly with)
J-lelity. oaioe oa gooond atroot, abore tbe Firat
National Hank. jaa:l:7e
4 O. KitAMER,
ATTORNKY-AT-LAW,
Real EtUta aad Oolloetloa Agent,
CLEARVIELI), PA.,
Will promptly attend to all legal buaiaeia aa
trnited to hie earo.
aOOea la Ple'a Opera llouao. Janl'Jd.
J F. McKENRICR,
DISTRICT ATTOatNEY,
CLEARFIELD, PA.
All legal bualaaai entrBatod to hla oaro will re.
eelre prompt attention.
drOfioe la the Coart Houao.
agl,187ly.
JOHN L. CUTTLE,
ATTORNEY AT LAW.
Hid Real Batata Agent, Clearfleld, Pa.
Office on Third etroel, bet. Cherry A Walnat.
pey-Reepeetfally offera hla earvleoa In aelllng
and buying landa ta Clearield and adjoining
eoaatleaj and with aa eiporloaeeof oaartweaty
yeare aa a aurreyer, aaltara himeell that be oaa
render aatlaraaUoa. IFaa. ll:aiiu.
ghusitians' Cards.
JJR. E. M. SCHEURER,
IIOMtKOPATBIO PHYSICIAN,
Offloa In roaldraee oa Flrat at.
April M, I87J. Claaraeld, Pa
T-R W. A. MEANS,
PHYSICIAN 4 SURGEON,
DUBOIS CITY, PA.
Will attend profaaalonal ealla promptly, angle'?!
)R. T. J. VOTER,
PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON,
Offioa oa Market Street, Clearfield. Pa.
dr-OBoa koart i to II a. at., aad I to p. a.
D
R. J. KAY WRIGLEY,
IIOStPATHI0 P1IYSICIA,
jedrOffloa adJolBlng the reeldenne af Jamoa
Wrlgley, K., oa Seeead St., Clearield, Pa.
Jely3l,'7B If.
jjn. n. b. Van valzad,
CLBAttFIEa.!), PEIIN'A.
OFFICE IN ItltSinilNCE, CORNER OF FIRST
AND PINE STREETS,
af OOoe boara From 11 te I P. M.
May li, IS).
I)
R. J. V. VURCH FIELD,
Lau Swrgaoa of tjie ltd teglmeal, Paaaay Waal
Volanteera, having rotarned froa) tba Army,
elT.n hla profoaeleaal eervleea ta theeltlaeaa
of Clearield ooaaty.
eayProfe.aloBalaalla promptly atuaded to.
OAae ee Boooad Itreel, formorlyoowapUd by
br.Weoda. aprVUU
1IIB PRIMTINO OF 1TIRT Dt SCRIP
I tloa neatly eiertled at ttM aire.
CLEARFIELD
GEO. B. G00DLANDEB, Editor & Proprietor. PRINCIPLES, NOT MEN. TEEMS-$2 per annum in Advance.
VOL. 51-WH0LE NO. 2,600. CLEARFIELD, PA., WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 29, 1880. - NEW SERIES-V0L. 21, NO. 38.
i
Cards.
J
Wt havo prlaUd a larsa nambar of tba aav
f kb Bit. if ana wiu oa tba raoaipt ar twty.
Ivo aaata. aiftil a aopf to njr 1irM. mjl$
WILLIAM M. HENRY, Jubtiob
or taa Pbaob aan 8cnivansa,LUMUER
CITY. Cullootlona made and money promptly
paid OTtr. Artielee of agreement and daada of
aonroyaaea aaotly eieeuled and warranted eor.
reel or Bo ebargo. sjy'7l
JOHN D. THOMPSON,
Jni tie of tba Paaoa and Scriraotr,
Curwcnavlllt. Pa
taauOollMttoni nada aod noacy promptlj
pftta oror. io i in
HENRY BRETH,
(OSTBSD I. O.)
JUSTICE OF THE PEACE
for bill rowMaair.
Hay , l78.1j
JAMES MITCHELL,
DBAiaa ib
Square Timber & Timber Lands,
Jell'M CLEARFIELD, PA.
REUBEN HACKMAN,
House and Sign Painter and Paper
Hanger,
Clearfield, Peiin'a.
kauWill aieeuta Joba la bii Una promptly and
u a tyirkmanlika manner. ayre.o.
JOHN A. STADLER,
BAKER, Market Bt Clearteld, Pa.
Freih Bread, Ruak, Rolla, Plea and Cakaa
ob band or made to order. A general aaeortment
of Confeetlonarlea, Fruit, and Nate la Hock.
lee Cream and Uy.tere In aeaaon. paioon aoariy
oppoeito the PnatolBea. Prieoa mnderata.
Maran ia-'7e.
WEAVER & BETTS,
nsALaai m
Real Estate, Square Timber, Saw Logs,
AND LUMJiEK OF ALL KINDS.
fffrOffloo oa Baoond itrt, la raar of itora
rcoui of Uaorga Weavar A Co. f Jaotf, '70 tf.
RICHARD HUGHES,
JUSTICE OF THE PEACE
roa
Itttalnr Totrmhlp,
Oaoeola Nilla P. 0.
All official builnaia antrueted to blm will be
promptly attended to. mohJH, "It.
HARRY SNYDER,
BARBER AND HAIRDRESSER.
Bbop oa Market St., oppo Ha Court Uoaaa.
A elean towal for every euitomer.
Alao daaler Ib
lle.t Brando of Tobarca and tlgara.
fl.,rtlld. P. "aa It. "It-
JAMES H. TURNER,
JUSTICE OF THE PEACE,
allacetou, Pa.
aaar-Ra haa nraaarod blmtelf with all tba
neoee.ary blank forma aader the Peaaloa and
Bounty lawa, aa well aa blank Daedi, eto. All
legal matter! ontraalod to bla eare will receive
prompt attention. May Ilk, 187tl.tf.
ANDREW HARWICH,
Market Htreet, Cleartleld, Pa.,
KAai'VAOrnRBB ARD OBALBB IB
Harness, Bridlet, Saddles, Collars, and
Horse-1 vrmsmng uooas.
-AII kiBda of repairing promptly attended
U..1.J1...' llBvitHM. llnra. llru.h.a. Currv
Combe, Ae., alwaya oa band and for aala at tbe
loweil eaab prlee. (March 1, Hit.
Q. H. HALL,
PRACTICAL PUMP MAKER,
NEAR CLEARFIKLD. FENN'A.
ttVPampt alwavi aa band aad atada to ordar
aa ibort ootiM. Piaaa borad oa raaaoaabla tarrna.
All work warrantee to raadar totlifaetioBp aad
delWarad If daiirad. yJb:ljfd
fjlvery Wtable.
TnB Badertlgaad baf laara to laform taapab
He Uat ba .a bow fully praparW to aeoowaio
dkta all ta tba way of fur-Blab. o( IU.aa, Ba( glea,
haddlaa and llarnaaa, oa tba abortaat aouea aad
aa traaaoaabla taraia. Roaldaaoa oa Loanat itroet,
batwaaa Third aad roartb.
OKO. W. OKARHART.
Olaarsald, Fab. 4,1874.
WASHINGTON HOUSE,
GLEN HOPE, PKNN'A.
TUB andcralgned, baring leeeed tbll from
aiodloaa Hotel, la tba village of Glen Hope,
li now prepared ta Beoommodet. all wb. may
call. My table and bar aball ba (applied with
tbe boat tba market afford!.
OKUROE W. DOTTS, Jr.
Olaa Hope, Pa., March 20, 187t tf.
THOMAS H. FORCEE,
aaabaa ib
GENERAL If ERCH ANPI8K,
GRAUANTOPf, Pa.
Alao, extaaaWa aiaBBfaotarar and daalar ta Bqara
iiaiMr aoa bbwm Lamboroi bu atada.
4P-0rdr aoltoltad aad all bllla promptlj
E. A. BIGLER a CO.,
, aaALiaa IB
SQUARE TIMBER,
and maaulaetarori af
ALL HINDU OP RAWED I.rjMltKH,
I 7'7J CLEARFIELD, PENN'A.
8. I. SNYDER,
PRACTICAL WATCHMAKER
All OBALBB la
jWatehoB, Clock) nd Jewolry,
0rmkmm' Jfow, Mmrht AVmv,
CI.EARPirXD, PA.
All klsda of repairing la my Ba. promptly at-
naea 10. jaa. ill, laiv.
Clearfleld Nursery.
ENCOURAGE HOMB INDUSTRY.
Till aadarffiirBad, haTlag ottabliabad a War
Mr? ob tb 'Plh, about balf wy botwata
Clerle)d sad CarwcntvUlo, la praparad to far-
aiab oil ktndi or FRUIT THEKB, (ataadard aad
dwarf,) Ivartrwataa. Bbrobhorj, Urapa Viiaa,
UocMbtrry, Lawtoa Blackbarry 8 Lr wherry,
aad HMpbarry Viae. Alio, Btbvrlaa Crab Treoa,
yoinoa. an aariy aoarlat KBoaara. , Urdara
praaiptly attaadsd to. Addraaa,
4. v. WHIUUT,
apJI M-j Carwoaavllla, Pa.
MEAT MARKET.
F. M, GABOON 4 BE0,,
Oa Market at, aa. ioorweatof Maaatoa Uoaaa,
CLEARFIELD, PA.
Ooff Brran.em.ato ar. ef th. moat oemolete
eharaetar ler raralahlag Iba pablla with Freeh
Meauor all klad,and or IBevary beat anallty.
Wa alao deal la all kiBda of Agrloaltaral Impla
meata. whieb we keep oa etbtbltioa for tba bea-
eit ef Ike pablla. Call aroaad whoa la Iowa,
aad lake a look at thlaga, ar addraaa aa
F. M.CARDON A BRO.
Ooaraeid, Pe., Jaly 14, 1171-tf.
ClmrKtH Inturanct Jfenrv.
JABBB BBBB. O.BBOLL a. BIBBt.a.
KERR BiniLK, jlgmtt,
Rrpraoeal tbe following Wd elber Inl .lej. Co'l
Computed Ai.rta.
Liverpool Loadoa A Oloba-D. R. Br.At.lol.at
Lyoomlag oa mat.al Aoaah plaaa.... B.BM.koO
PheeaiB, of Hartford, Ooaa I all dlll
Inmreaoa Co. of North America 1,1.11,174
North Brltlak A MoreaaUlo U.B. Br. 1,7I!,MI
rVoltlik Oemmatalal U. 1. Braaoa...- 7I.H
WatMtow. .. - tl,ll
Travotara (Llfa A Aeaidaal) 4,111,414
OeV. aa Market BC, epp. Court H euro, Clear
ield, Pa, iaaa 1, 7lHf.
HOW OPPORTUNE !
JDDGB BLACK'S OPEN LETTER
TO GENERAL QAEFTELD,
Au OTerwhelmlnir Condeaiuatlon af ilia
Radical Nominee fbr Prealdent.
Tho letter found below was writton
in 187C, tho year ol the GREAT
FRAUD, in reply to a speocb made
by General Uarfiold, who was al that
time the Radical loader in Congress.
Tito Judge lays baro tho shams and
frauds practiced upon the pcojilo by
the leaders of the Radical party over
since its birth in 1856.
Tho fact that tho Judge and the
(ionorol both belong to tho anmo
ohurch(Campbullitus), and both proach
occasionally, makes the letter rather
spicy at this time. Again: In tho
numerous scrapes into which Garfield
has allowed himself to bo raked during
his army and congressional career, he
has always employed Judge Black as
bis attorney to sco him through. This
is rather natural, and liko Oakcs Ames
and De Golyor, the General always in
vests his money where it will do the
most good.
Every man and woman in tho
United States should read this lottor
and then hand it to the boys and girls
for contemplation. Hero it is:
To the Jion. James A. Garfield. Mem
ber of Congress from Ohio : 1 have read
tno speech you sent mo. 1 am aston
ished and shocked. As the loader of
our party, to whom the candidates
are especially delegated the conduct
ol tho campaign, you should have mot
your responsibilities in a vory differ
ent way. I do not presume to lecluro
so distinguished a man upon bis errors ;
out u i can provont you, even to a
small extent, f.om abusing the public
credulity, it is my duty to try. l'ro-
miBing only my grout anxiety between
us for many years, I follow tho Uora
tian rulo, and come at once to the
"middlo of things."
You trace back tho orginal of pres
ent parties to the earliest immigalions
at I'lymonth and Jamestown, and pro-
i ... a.. A 1 t.- :
icbb tu uuu iu iue opposing uocirincs
then planted and afterward constantly
cherished in Massachusetts and Vir-
ginia, tho germs of which now make
emocracv and Abolitionism the dead
ly toes of each other. Tho ideas so
planted in Massachusetts were, accord
ing to your account, tho freedom and
equality of all races, and tho right and
duty ol every man to exercise his pn
vata judLpiieiit in politic ae well as re
ligion. On tho othor band, you sot forth
as irreconcilably hostile the doctrincB
of Yirvinia, "that capital shall own
labor ; that the negro had no rights of
manuoou, ana tuat '.no white man
might buy, own and sell him and his
offspring forever." Following theeo
assertions with others, and linking the
present with the long past, you em
ploy the uovices ol your rhetoric to
glorify tba modern Abolitionist and to
throw Icul scorn, not merely on the
Soutborn peoplo, but on the whole
Democracy of the country.
This looks learned and philosophical,
and gives your speech a dignity seem
ingly above the reach of the ordinary
demagogue. Happy is be who knows
the causes of things; felicitous is the
partisan member of Congress whose
stump speech goes up the river of time
to the first fountains of good and ovil.
But your contrasts of historical facta
is open to one objection, which I give
you in form as simple as possible whoD
I say that it is wholly destitute of
truth. This, of course, implies no im
putation on your good faith. Your high
character in the church, as well as tno
Stato, forbids the belief that yon would
be guilty of willful misrepresentation.
The men of Massachusetts, to far
from planting tbe right of privato
inclement, extirpated and utterly ex
tinguished it, by means so cruel that
no man ol common humanity can think
of them even now without disgust and
inclination, i am surnrised to Und
yon ignorant of tbis. Lid yon never
near ol tneirightlul persecution thov
carried on systematically against Bap
tists, Quakers ana uatnoiics r now
thoy fined, imprisoned, lashed, muti
lated, enslaved and banished every
body that claimed tbe right to free
thought? How they stripped the
most virtuous and inoffensive women,
and publicly whipped them on their
naked backs, only lor expressing their
conscientious convictions r llavo yon
never, in all your reading, mot with
tho story of Roger Williams? For
morely suggesting to the public au
thorities of the colony that no person
ought to be punished on account ol his
bonost convictions, be wasdnvon into
the woods and pursued ever afterward
with a ferocity that put bis lile and
that ot his friends in constant danger.
In tact, the cruelty of their laws
against the freodom of conscience and
the unfeeling rigor with which they
were exeouled, made ilassachnsetts
odious throughout the world.
ihese great crimes of the 1'ilgrim
Fathers ought not to be cast up to
their children, for some of their de
scendants (I hope a good majority) are
high Drincinlod and honest men. sin.
corely attached to the liberal institu
tions planted in tbe moro southern
latitudes of tho continont. Butifyou
are right in your assertion that tbo
Abolitionists derive their principles
from the ideas entertained and
planted at Plymouth, that may ao
count for the coarse and brutal tyran
ny with which your party has, In re-
oent limes, trampled upon tbe rights
ol free thought and free speoch.
iNor are you more accurate In your
declaration that the old Yankees
planted the doctrine of freedom and
equality, or opposed the domination of
one race over another. Messrs. Pal
frey and Sumner have said something
to the effect thntslavory never existed
n Jnassacbusotui, and yon may bave
been misled bythem. Rut oithor are
wholly Ignorant ef tho subject, or else
they were spoke with that looso and
lavish onveracity which is a common
faultamong men of thoir political sock
The Plymouth oolony and the pro
vince ot Massachusetts bay were pro
slavory to the baokbone. If von
doubt this I rofer you to Moore s "His
tory ol Hla very In Massachusetts,"
whore the evidence (consisting chiefly
of records -and documont norfectly
authenticated) is produced and collated
wiid a lullnese and tairncsa wblob can
not be questioned. The I'lymonth Im
migrants planted precisely the doc
trine whieb you ascribe to the James
town colonists ; that is to Bay, they
held that "the negro had no rights of
manhood ; that tbe wbite man migbl
buy, own and sell him and his offspring
forever." Practically and theoretically
thoy maintained that human slavery
in its most malignant lorm was a per
lectly just, proper and dosirable insti
tution, entirely consistent with Christ
ianity as tboy nnderstood it, and
founded on principles of universul jur
isprudence Tboy insisted upon it as
an established and settled rule of tbe
law of nations that when the govern
ment orcommumty or political orgam-
ration mado war npon its subjects, or
the subjects of another, and vanquish
ed thorn, the poonlo of the beaton party
had no rights to which the right of
the conquorors was not paramount.
Wbonover it was dcmonstratod.by act
ual experiment, that any people were
too woak to aoiona uioir nomos ana
families againBt an Invader who visited
them with tiro and sword, tboy might
lawfully be etrippod ot their property,
and tboy themselves, their wives and
children might be held as slaves, or
sold into perpotual bondage That
was the idea thoy planted in their
own soil, propogated among thoir co-
temporanes, ana transmuted to me
Abolition party of tho presont day.
You have preached and practiced it in
all your dealings in tho South. This
absolute domination is what you moan,
if you mean anything, when you talk
about the "precious results of the war."
If the doctrine thus plantod by the
original settlers in Massachusetts be
true, and it tbo "precious lruits oi it,
which you are gathering with so much
industry, bo legitimate it is a norfoct
justification of all the slavery that
evor existed on this continent. I our
groat exemplars, from whom you ac
knowledge that you havo derived your
ideas of freedom, certainly thought, or
ptofessed to think so, and thoy carried
it out to its logical consequences. When
an African potentate choso to fight
with and subdue a weak tribo, insido
or out of his dominions, ho sold tho
prisoners whom be did not think prop.
or to kill, and tho men of Massachusetts
bought thorn without a question of bis
tillo! They kopt them and worked
them to death, or sold them again as
thoir interest prompted, for they hold
that tho right of domination, resulting
from tho application of bruto force, was
good in tho bands of all subsequent
purchasers, however remote from tho
original conquisitor.
Thoy exocutod this theory to the
fullest extent in thoir own wars with
tbo Indians. Without cause or provo
cation, and without notice or warning,
tboy fell upon tho'Pequods, massacred
many ot them, and mado slaves of tho
survivors ; without distinction of age
or sox. About seven hundred, includ
ing many women and children, wore
sent to tho West Indies and those sold
on public account, the proceeds being
put in tho colonial treasury. Eight
score of these unfortunate people es
caped from tbe butchery by night, and
altorward gave themselves up on the
solemn promise ol the authorities that
they should neither be put to douth
nor enslaved. The promise was broken
with as little romorso as a modern
Abolitionist would violate his oath to
support the Constitution. The "pre
cious results of the war" woro to be
lost by an honest obsorvanco of their
pledged faith, and the victims of this
infamous treachery were all of them
Bbippod to the Barbadocs, and sold or
"swuppod for Blackamoors." Tbis
practice of enslaving their captives was
uniform, oovered all cases, including
women and children, aa well as fight
ing men. When death put King Philip
beyond thoir reach, thoy sent his wile
and child with the rost to be sold into
slavory. Tholndians mado bad slaves.
They were hard to tame, they escaped
into the forest, and had to be hunted
down, brought back and branded. They
nevor censed to be sullen and disobe
diont. Tbe Alricans always, on the
contrary 'accepted the situation, "woro
easily domesticated, and bore tho yoke
without murmuring. For that reason
it became a settled rule of public and
privato economy in Massachusetts to
exchange worthless Indians for valua
ble negroos, ohcating their West India
customers in every trade Perhaps it
waa here that your party got the jrirm
of tie honesty as well as its humanity.
Thoy made war for no othor object
than to supply thomsolvos with bii b
joctii for this fraudulent traffic. In
1C43 Emanuel Downing, the foremost
lawyor in tho colony and a loador of
commanding influenco, as well as high
connections, made a written argument
in favor with a war with the Narragan
setts. He did not protend that any
wrong had been dono, but be had a
pious dread that Massachusetts would
be hold responsible forthe false religion
of the Narragansotts. "I doubt," says
ho, "if it bo not synne in us, having
powor in our hands, to suffer thorn to
mayntayne tho worship of the evil,
which their pow wows ofton doe."
This tondernoss of consciousness is vory
characteristic of tbo party which got
tho "germ of its ideas" from that source
But we go a litllo further, and you
will toe with pleasure how exaotly you
have copied their doctrines. "If," Bays
he, "upon a just war, tho Lord should
dolivor them into our band, we might
easily have mm, women and children to
exchange for Moors (negroos,) which
will be moro gayneful pillage for us
than woe ooucoive, for 1 do not see how
we can thrive nntil we get into a stock
of slaves sufficient to do all our busi
ness. " Tbis (except the spoiling)
might come from an Abolitionist cau
cus to-day. You will find Downing's
lottor in Moore, page ten.
Thoy did got most of thoir Indians
olT, and supplied themselves with ne
groes in thoir places. Tbe shameless
inhumanity with which the blacks
wore used made slavery in Massachu
setts "the sum of all villainy." In the
letter ol Downing, already referred to,
he says: "You knew very well we
shall mayntayne twonty Moors clioap
er thau one English servant." Think
ofreduoinga West India negro in that
intensely oold climate to tbe one twen
tieth part of the food and clothing
which a white monial waa in tho habit
ofgotting. Thoy must have boon frnr.cn
and starved to death in groat numbers.
When that happened it was but the
loss of an animal. The harboring of a
slavo woman was, in lClfl, pronounced
by tbo highest authority, to be the
same injury aa the unlawful detention
of a 6flf. In 1718, Sowell, the Chief
Justice of the oolony, said that negroes
were rated with horses and Aoci. Dr.
Bolknap tells ns that aftorwarJ, when
the stock enlarged and tbe market be
camodull, young negroes and mulatloes
wore snmetimos given away liko pun
pies. This is the kind of freedom, this
the equality of tbe raoee, which yon
loarned from the ancient colonists.
But they taught you more than that.
Thoir precept and example established
tbe slavory of whit, persons as well as
Indians and negroes. As thoir remorse
less tyranny spared no age and no sex,
so it made no distinction of color. Be
sides the cargoes of whito heretics
which woro captured and shipped to
. L I , 1. ; I...,, V, ..... L- i i
lUUUl VJf UJUII viwaiuu III l.UlIBIIU
tboy took special oengni in lastening
thoir yoko on all who wore suspected
oi ncteioooxy. uneinstance is wortny
of special attonlion. f Lawrence South
wick and his wifo were Quakers, and
accused at the ssraq time with many
others of attending t Quaker mooting,
or "saying with Quakers" and "absent
ing themselves iron tbe public oral
nances." Tho Bontlwicks bad nrevi
ously suffered so much in thoir persons
and estates from thil kind of persecu
tion that they could no longer work or
pay any more linos, snd, therefore, the
general court, by solemn resolution,
ordoroa tbem to De camshoa on pain
of doatb. Banishment, you will not
fail to notice, was iu itself equivalent
to A liogerinf doat'v' the parlies were
poor and feeble ; lor it meant merely
driving them into the wilderness to
starve with hunger and cold. South-
wick and hia wifo wont oat and died
very soon. But this is not all. This
unfortunate pair had two children a
boyand girl(Daniol andProvidco)-wbo,
having healthy constitutions, would
bring a good price in tbo slave market.
Tbo children were taken frcm tho
parents and ordered to bo sold in tho
West Indies. It happened, bawovcr,
that there was not a shipmaster in any
port of tho colony who would consont
to become the agent of their transpor
tation and salo. Tho authorities being
thus halkod in their views of the main
chance, wore tain to bo sitisfied in
another way j thoy ordered .ho girl to
be whipped. She was lashid accord
ingly, in company with several othor
Quaker ladios, and then conmittccl to
prison, to bo furthor proceedid against.
History loses sight of her thoro. Mo
record shows whether thoy killed bcr
or not.
This is ono case out of a gioat many.
It is very interesting and nstructivo
when taken in connection tith yonr
speech, for it shows the " gorra of tho
dca which your party actco on wnon
it kidnapped and imprisoned men and
women by the thousands for behoving
in American liberty as guaranteed by
tbe Constitution. Tho Quakers and
Baptists had no printed organ in that
day through which thoir private judg
ment could bo expressed, else you
would no doubt have casos directly in
point to justify your forcible suppres
sion of 250 newspapers.
Enmity to tho right of privato judg
ment comes down to the party ot Ply
mouth ideas by consistent and regular
succession, it is woven like a dirty
stripe into the whole warp and woof
of their history. As toon as they got
possession of tho Federal Uovornmo.it
under John Adams thoy began to use
it as an engine for tbo suppression of
free thought. Their alien law gave
the President powor to banish or im
prison without trial, any fbreignor
whoso opinions might be obnoxious to
bis supporters. Thoir sedition pot
every Democratic, speaker and writor
under tbe heel of the administration.
Their-standing army was used, as it
now is, to crush out thoir political op
ponents. If you come into Eastorn
Pennsylvania, and particularly into
the good county ot Berks, you will
learn that the peoplo there still think
with indignation of that old roign of
terror when Fedoral dragoons kidnap
ped, insulted and boat tbeir fathers,
chopped down thoir "liborty polos,"
broke to piocos tho press ot tbo Head
ing Eagle, and whipped its venoratod
editor in the market Louse. The samo
spirit broke out again in the burning
of nunneries and churches under Maria
Monk, and under John Brown tbe
whole country swarmed with spies and
kidnappers. When you abandoned
the harlot and rallied to the standard
of tbe thief, you changed your Icador
without changing your principles.
The slave oode plantod in Massa
cbnsetti was the earliost in America
and the most cruel in all its provisions.
It was pertinaciously ad bored to for
gonerations,and never reponted of, or
formally repealed. It was gradually
abandoned, not because it was wrong,
but solely because it was found, after
long experiment, to bo unprofitable.
The plan of keeping twonty nogroes
as cheaply as ono white servant did
not work well ; for in that climato a
negro thus used would infallibly die
before his labor paid what he cost
Thoy sold their stock whonovor thoy
could, but emancipation was forbidden
by law,nnloss the owner gave socurity
to maintain the slavo and prevent bim
from becoming a publin charge. To
evade this law, those who had old or
infirm negroos encouraged them to
bring suits for thoir freedom, and then
by sham demurrers, or other collusive
arrangements, got judgments against
thomsolvos that tho negroes woro froo
and always bad been. Females likely
to increase the stock woro advertised
to bo sold " for that fault alone."
Young ones, bocauso tboy woro not
worth raising, woro given away liko
puppies of a superabundant littor. In
this way domostio slavery by degrees
got looso in practioe, simply bocauso it
would not pay but the principle on
which one man may own another
whom he audduceby superior strength
or cunning was novor abandoned, ro
pudiatnd or denied. That principle
was cherished, preserved and trans
mitted to you, tbeir imitntivo and
loving disciplos, and you have applied
it whorevor yon could as tyrannically
as tbey did.
You say that " war without an idea
is simply brutality." 1 submit to your
judgment, as a Christian man, whether
war is rodoemcd or its brutality by
such ideas aa you and yonr political
associates entertain ot its purposes,
objects and consequences. In all your
acts and measures, and by all your
speeches and discussions, you express
tbo idea that the logio of blows proves
everything you choose to assort ; that
a successful invasion of ono people by
anotbor has tho offect of destroying all
natural right to, and all legal guaran
tees for the life, liberty and property
of all the people so invadod and con
quered ; that after a trial by battle tho
victor mar enter up and execute what
judgment ho pleases against his ad
versary ; that me crime which a weak
community are guilty of when they
attempt to defend their lives, their
property and thoir families against in
vaders who come upon them to kill,
destroy and subjugato them, is to un
pardonable that tho whole body of the
offondors, taken colleotlvcly, and all
individuals who partako oven passively
ot tba sin, may justly be devoted to
death or snob other punithmont, by
wbolcssls or retail, as the strong party
may see proper to inflict ; that the
conqnoror, after the war is over, may
insist that tho helpless and unarmed
people, whom be has prostrated, shall
assist him by not morely accepting, bnt
"adopting" (lose your own word)
tbe measures Intended to degrado and
rob thorn, and thus mako himself
master of their toult as well as their
bodies. All rights of men are resolved '
REPUBLICAN.
by this thoory into the miqhts of men
I aver that this doctrino, in all its
length and brcadtb, is fulso and perni
cious. It is the foundation on which
all slavory rests, and tho oxcubo tor
all forms ol tyranny. Jt has no sup
port in any sound rule ot publio law
and has novor been acknowledged by
wise or virtuous governments to any
ago since tbo advent of Christ. You
can find no authority for it, except in
tho examples of mon whose namos arc
given over to universal execration.
Mahomet asserted it when ho forced
his religion upon the subjugated East,
when churches wore violently con.
verted into mosques, and the emblem
of Christianity was trampled under
loot, to do replaced Dy tno badgo oi
tho impostor. On the same principle
roiana was partitioned, and Ireland
plundered a dor.on times. Tho King
ot Dahomey, acted upon on it wbon be
sold his capliros, and the mon of Mas
sachusetts indorsed it wbon they took
them in exchange for captives of thoir
own. i ou and your conferees adoptod
it as a part of your political creed when,
alter the southern people were thor
oughly subdued, you donied them all
rights of freemen, tore up their socioty,
abrogated all laws which could protect
them in person or proporty, broko
tbeir local governments in pieces, and
put thoin undor tho domination of
nototious thieves, whom you forcod
them to accept as their absolute
masters.
These results of the war are no
doubt vory precious. The right to
tralno in tbo nosh ol Indians and
negroes was precious to the Yankocs
and the King of Dahomey. That
was tho fruit ot their wars, isut was
it in eithor case legitimate? Your
groat revorenco for tbo founders of
your political school in Massachusetts,
to say nothing of your respect lor the
authority of the African princess, or
your faith in tho Koran, will probably
impel you to stand up in favor of tbe
" ii'oas " which you have lcarnod from
them. But 1 think I can maintain tho
Christain laws of liberty in opposition
to all your Mussulman notions; for
God is great, and Muhomct is not His
prophot.
it would bo very unjust to deny that
a great many men, from tho curliest
period ol our history, wore sincoroly
oppoBod to African slavory, from
motives ot religion, benevoionco and
humanity. This Bcntimont was strong
in the South as well as the .North ;
and by- nono was it expressed with
.1 l .. t i.: ir
mure icrvur man ujomivuuiouii uiiiini-u,
the great apostle of Domocracy. But
this concession can hardly bo mado to
tho political abolitionists. As an al
most universal rulo, tho leaders of that
sect wore ribald infidels, and tbeir
convcnticlos loomed with the most
shocking blasphomy. Thoy were by
tbeir own avowals, the most cruel
barbarians of any ago. Scrvilo insur
rection and a general butehory of tho
Southern peoplo was a part of thoir
programme irom tno Deginning. ids
caclcrs to whom tboy gave thoir high
est admiration were the men whose
foot were tbe swiftest in running to
sbed innocent blood. Soward won
tbeir affections in early manhood by
proposing measures from wnich civil
war would bo suro to come, and In
hich he promised that negroes should
be incited to " rise in blackest insur
rection." Thoy applauded John lirown
to tbo echo for a scries of the basest
murders on rocord. Tboy did not con
coal thoir hostility to the Federal and
State govornmonts, nor dony thoir en
mity to all laws which protected too
liberties of wbitomon. Tho Constitu
tion stood in thoir way, and they cured
it bitterly ; the Biblo was quoted
against thorn, and thoy reviled God
Almighty bimscii. i know mat the
minrl nf man. like hlH bodv. is fearfully
and wonderfully mado ; I understand
all tho difficulty ol analyzing human
passions, and I admit that we should
not judge harshly of motives; but how
those heartless oppressors of tbeir own
race could bave any care for tho free
dom of the negro passes my comprehen
sion. Unless you can explain it other
wise, the judgment of history must
inevitably be against tho sincerity of
their anil siavory proiussions. in tno
present aspect of the case, it seems im
possible to believe that lovo of tbe ne
gro was not assumod as a mere excuse
lor enslaving me wnno race, just as
thoir ancestors put on tho pretense of
pioty to gratify thoir appetite for the
proporty ana dkkhi oi ueiier people
than themselves. You muBt positively
roconaidor this subject before you un
dertake agnin to presont the Aboli
tionists to the world in the respectable
M.nmclnr nf fanatica. 1 think vou
will find that tho ciow of the May
flower brought over and planted no
" germ of an idoa " which has flourish
ed with more vigor than thoir canting
hypocrisy.
Hore lot mo say again, that tho
v'ioob and wickedness of the Plymouth
colonists are not to be visited on tho
heads of thoir children, according to
the flesh. Among them, in every part
of tho country, are great statesmen,
brave soldiora, true servants of tho
church, and virtuous, patriotio Demo
crats, who are more responsible for tho
crimes of their ancestors than a peace
able Scotchman is for tbo raids and
robberies which in past generations
woro committed by his clan upon tho
English bordor. But you acknowledge
that vou cot your political ideas from
thom you boast that your party have
no doctrinos of publio law and no no
tions of public duty which wcro not
plantod at Plymouth. Therefore, it is
not only proper, but necessary, to show
wnai tliese mens aim uoeiriuus wvrv,
I now pass to a lator period. You
say that thoro were two radically dif-
teront tbcorics annul tno nature oi our
government! "The North bclioving
and holding that wo wore a nation, the
South insisting that wo woro only a
confederation ol sovereign Statos. It
it not true that any such a theoretical
conflict over existed bolween the sec
tions. That the Articles of Confedera
tion first, and tho Constitution alter
watd united tbo .States together for
certain purposes therein enumerated,
and thus mado ns a nation among na
tions, was never denied that I know ol
by any party. But tbis national
character was given to tho Uenoral
Government by sovereign States who
confederated together for that purpose.
They bestowed certain powers on the
now political corporation men created,
and called it the United States of
America, and they expressly reserved
to thomsolves all sovereign rights not
granted in the charter. Democratic
statesmen bad no theory about it.
They saw thoir duly written down in
tho fundamental law, they swore to
perform It, and thoy kopt their oaths.
Thoy executed tho powers of the Gen
eral Government in thoir whole con
stitutional vigor for that, as Mr. Jeffer
son said, was " the shoet aurbor of our
peace at home and our safely abroad "
and they carefully guarded tho rights
of the Slates as the only security we
could have for a just administration ol
domestic affairs. This was universally
assented to as right and true. No
counter thoory was set up. Difference
of construction thoro might bo, but all
admitted that when the lino of powor
was accumtoly drawn between tho
Fedoral Govermont and Stato sover
eignty tho rights on one sido wore as
sacred as those on the other. But
within two or throe years past the
low domagoguct ot your party nave
got to putting in thoir platforms and
astortations that this is a nation and
not a confederation. What do they
moan? What do you mean when you
indorse and reproduce it? Do you
dony that tho States were sovereign
before thoy united ? Do you affirm
that their sovereignty wholly merged
in the Federal Government whon they
assented to the Constitution ? Ib tbe
tenth amendment a moro delusion ?
Do yon moan to assort that tbo States
have not now, and never had any
rights at all, except what are conceded
to them at the mercy ot the "nation ?"
No doubt this new articlo was inserted
in the croed of the Abolitionists be
cause they supposed it would give a
suit of plaUBibilitr to thoir violent in
tervention with the internal affairs of
the Slates ; but this is so false, so shal
low and so destitute of all respectable
authority that it imposes upon nobody.
As a part of this conflict of theories,
and resulting from it, you doscribe the
South as "insisting that each Stale bad
a right, at its own ditcrclion, to break
the l mon, and constantly threaten
secession, whero tho lull rights ot sla
vory wore not acknowledged." In
fact and in truth, secession, like Bla
very, was first planted in New England.
Tbore it grew and flourished and
spread its branchos far over the land,
long before it was thought ot in tbo
South, and long before the full rights
ot slavery woro called in question by
anybody I Tbo anti-Democrats of that
region in former as well as in latter
times, totally misunderstood tho pur
poses lor which this Government was
made.
They regarded it as a moro commer
cial machine, by which they could
mako such "gayneful pillage," if al
lowed to run in thoir own way. When
they woro disappointed in this by cer
tain perfectly juBt and constitutional
regulations of thoir trade which the
common defenso and general wolfare
mado nocOBBttry thoy immediately fell
to plotting tho diamombcrmont of the
Union. Before 1807 they organixed a
conspiracy with tho British authorities
in Canada tor tho erection ol ISew
England into a seporate republic undor
British protection. (See Carey's, Oli
ver Branch and tho Henry correspond
ence), riot long atlerward Joseph
Quincy, whoso jdelity to the party
that eloctod bim was nevor doubted,
formally announced in Congress tho
intention ol his State to lcavo the Un
ion, "peaceably if she could, focibly if
she must" Their hatred of the Union
deepened, and thoir determination to
break It np grew norcor, as tno resolu
tion of the Democrats to maintain the
ndependence of the country bocamo
stronger. Yt hen tho war of 1812 be
gan they wore virtually out of the
Union, and remained out during the
wbolo of that dosperato struggle, not
only refusing all assistance to carry it
on, but helping tho enemy in every
possible way. It was while England
had her tightost grasp on the throat
of tho nation that the Harlford Con
vention was called to dismember it ;
and this, Mr. Jefferson says, thoy
wonld not have accomplished but for
the battle of New Orleans and tbe
peace at Ghent John Quincy Adams
in 1830, and Abraham Lincoln in 1817,
mado elaborate arguments in favor of
the legal right of a State to go out
The late Abolitionists did not attempt
to conceal thoir raneorous hostility to
the Union. "No Union with slave
holders," was ono of their watch-words,
and down to the opening of tho war
its destruction was the avowed object
of thoir machination.
There is ono oonclusivo proof of
your enmity to tho Union, and that is
your unwavering opposition to tho
Constitution which held the States
together. You know as well as I do,
how absurd it ia to suppose that any
man or party can support the Union,
and at tho Bamo timo trample on tho
Constitution ; and you certainly are
not ignorant that you and your prede
cessors, from the earliest times, have
been anti-Constitutional in all ycur
proclivities. Contemptuous disregard
of Constitutional obligations is not now
tbo mere germ of a doctrine; it is a
part of your settled creed. Before and
sinco tbo war, you havo trodden undor
foot ovory provision contained in the
great charter ot our liberties. 1 do
not speak at random. I challenge you
to designato a singlo Constitutional
rightol tbe Stato, or individuals, which
you have not at some timo, or in some
way, deliberately violalod.
This contempt for the Constitution,
this practical denial that an oath to
support it is sacred, implies a disregard
of all laws human and divine, and when
adopted, it loll nothing to guido you
except tho propensities, evil or good,
of your natural hearts. Many of you
(and notably yourself) contracted no
individual guilt, becauso you woro too
proud for petty larceny, too bonovolenl
for large handod robbery and too full
of kindness to break wantonly Into the
tabernaclo of human lifo. But gener
ally tho moral principles of tbo ultra
Abolitionists (if they evor had any)
bocamo so wholly perverted that Ihoy
saw nothing wrong in the worst offen
ses that could be committed against
their political opponents. In their
eyes theft and murder not only lost
thoir felonious character but became
meritorious, if the victims lived south
ol the Mason and Dixon's lino. When
John Brown stole horses In the poaee
of God and the Stato of Missouri, ho
was taking a lawful booty ; when ho
sneaked into a quiet Virginia village
on a Sunday night and assassinated
dofonsoless cilixens, ho was a hero ; and
when ho died a felon a death on tho
scaffold, to which he waa justly coir
domncd, ho become a'martyr.
You persist In misunderstanding tbe
anlo-betlura attitude of tho Northern
Democracy. Wo stood steadfastly by
tho Union against all attempts of the
Now England party to break It up by
socossion. We sustained the Consti
tution against the ferocious assaults of
the Abolitionists ; we labored earnestly
to save Republican institutions from
tho destruction with which they were
threatened by you ; and as long as the
Southern peoplo acted with us we
gratefully accepted their aid In tbe
good work.
Yonr avoiiment that the Democratic
party desired tbe aggrandisement of
slavery and yielded their con
sciences on the subject to tho South, Is
grossly unjust, if you mean to chargo
thorn with anything more than willing
bobs to protect tbe Soutborn, as well
as the Northern and Middle States in
tho exercise of their Constitutional
rights. We had disposed of slavery
in our Jurisdiction according to our
sense of sound policy and justice But
wo bad made an express compact with
tbe other States to lcavo the entire
control ol our domostio affairs to them
selves. We kept our covenant simply
because it would nave neon gross uts
honedty to break it. Tho Abolitionists
took a different view, and refused to
kceptbcirfaith. I hoy b woro as solemn
ly us we did to observe tho terms of the
bargain, but according to their code I'.
was a sin not to violato it. Tho fuel
is truo that wo did not think it right
to cut tho throats or shoot, or strangle
the mon or women of tho South for
believing in negro slavery ; but that
is not justification ol your assertion
that we yielded our consciences to
tbem.
Again : You chargo ns (tho North
ern Democracy) with having given
had advico to tbe Southern pooplc.
Ibis consisted, you Bay, in assuring
tbem that if they seoeoded we would
take tboir part apainst any attempt to
lorco tbem back again into the Union
This is a gross error, and you will see
it whon 1 recall your attention to the
facts. In all our exhortations to the
Southern men against secession wo
woro met by the expression ot their fear
that the Abolitionists intended, in any
event, to invade and slaughter thom.
Somo reason for this apprehension was
given by tho fierce throats ot your
leading men, and especially by your
almost universal admiration of Brown
for his raid into Virginia. Certainly
Democrats (and vory good men, too)
did then declare that a lawloss expe
dition intended for purposes of moro
pillago could not and should not be
started in tho North, without such op
position as would effectually stop it.
But this was before secession, and it
was intended to prevent that move
ment, not to encourage it.
You can not, with any show of jus
tice, deny that devotion of the Union
was not ono of tho strongest feelings in
tho earth of the Northern Democracy.
v o bad always deprecated a separa
tion from the Southorn States with so
much earnostness that ono of the op
probious epithets you bestowed on ut
was that of "Union savtrs." This was
not a more sentiment of admiration ot
gratitude to the Southern men who
had led us through tho perils of the
Revolution, settled our institutions,
and given our country its high place
in tho estimation of tho world. We
felt all this I but we felt much more.
Tho preservation of the Union was to
us an absolute necessity. It was in
dispensable to tho security of our lives,
our personal liborty and our plainost
rights ol property, liow Hue this
was at all times, and especially in 1HU0,
you will boo if yon reflect a moment
on our situation at that timo.
Tho Abolitfonists woro coming into
powor. I need not say by what com
bination of imposture and accident
thoy got it All Northern Statos, as
well as the Federal Government, fell
into their bands. No doubt thoir dis
liko of Southern people was very groat;
but Northern Democrats were objects
of thoir special malignity. Long be
fore that time, and ever since, this
sentiment has boon expressed in words
and acts too plain to be misunderstood.
ion show bow strong it is in your
own heart when you toll southern
mon (and you do tell thom so in this
vory speech) that you honor thom ton
thousand timos more than Democrats
ot tho North. Remember, in addition
to this, that tho leading Abolitionists
acknowledged no law which might
stand in the way of their interests or
their passions. Against anybody else
the Constitution of tho country would
have boon a protection. But thoy disre
garded its limitations and had no scru
ples about swearing to support it with
a premeditation to violato it We had
bocn well warned by all the mon host
entitled toour confidence particularly
and eloquently warned by Mr. Clay
and Mr. W whs tor that if evor the
Abolitionists got hold upon the organ
ised physical lorco of tho country they
would govern without law, scoff at tho
authority of the courts and throw
down all tho dofenco of civil liberty.
But if tho South had not seccoded
wo might havo made a successful de
fenso ol our Constitution though tho
powers of tbo Government wcro in tho
hands of its enemies. With tho aid of
the Southern peoplo, if thoy had boon
truo to their duty, wo could have or
ganized an opposition so formidable in
its moral and political powor tbat vou
would scarcely have dared to assault
us. No wonder that we were "Union
savers ; lor to us the l nion meant
personal liborty, free thought, and in
dependent press, Habeas Corpus, trial
by jury, tho impartial administration
of justice all thoso great legal insti
tutions which our forefathers had shed
so much blood to build up.
Tbo South deserted us ai tho crisis
of our fate, and left us in our weakness
to tho mercy of the most unpnnciplod
tyrants that ever betrayed a publio
trust boecBsion was not merely mad
ness and folly ; it was something much
worso. Wo could not but foci that wo
were doeply wronged. There was no
remedy tor tho dire calamities with
which we were threatened except in
bringing tbo acceded States back to
thoir places in tho Union. Our con
victions of legal duty, our exasperated
senso of injury and a proper caro for
our best interests, all impelled us to
join the new administration in tho nso
ol sueb lorccsas mignt oe lound neces
sary to exorute tho laws in ovory part
of tho country.
But the Abolitionists wanted a war
for tho destruction of the Union, lor
the overthrow of the Constitution, for
the subversion oi iree government, and
for tho subjugation of tbo wholo coun
try to that "highor law" which imposes
no restraint upon tho rapacity and
malico of the ruling powor. To such
a war tho national conscience was op
posed. The soul oi ovory respectable
officer In tho army and navy revolted
al it, and ovory virtuous man in pri
vate lifo lolt it to bo an unspeakablo
outrage. To those whndotibted before,
the disaslor of Bull Run mado it plain
that tho war could not bo successfully
carried on onions it was put upon
principles consistent with tho usages
of Christendom and tho safety of our
institutions. Therefore, it was that
on tho 22d of July, 1801, Congress,
with almost perfect unanimity, passed
a resolution through both houses, de
claring in the most explicit words that
the war should be conducted to pre
serve the Constitution and not to rcvo
lutioniae it I give you hore tho words
of the resolution Itself from tho Con
grcssional Globe, pago Z2.1 :
ffraaferd1, That tba preeeal deplorable alvll war
haa beoa ferood Bpea tho oonnlry by tba dl.aa
loalibl of tbo SoBlbara Stalei, Bow la arma
againal Ibe ooaititutiooal Uovernment. and la
arma arooaj the eaplul I tbal la Ihla Natlo.al
emergency, Congreae, baaiihlog all feeling of
mere paaeloa ar reeoatmoal, will reoolleol ealy
ill daly ta the wbolo aoiairyi that thla war la
But waged oa their part la aay eplrtt of eppree
aina, or lor aay purpoee of eeanueat or auttjaga
tie. ar parpoee ef overthrowing or latorfertog
wltk Ih. right, or ea'abllabed Inalllatlona of
theeo Blatoe, but lo defend aad malatala Iba
eaareawep; m tba Ooaalitatloa, and ta preaerTe
the I'aioa with all Ib. dignity, equality and
rlgbu of the leveret State, unimpaired ; and that
aa toon aa theea objeele areaeoumpllabod the war
ought to eenaa.
Confiding iu this assurance, Demo
crats from every Northern Slate
rushed to tho front by tbe hundred
thousands; the bordor Statos of the
South gave in their formal adhesion to
the Uovernmont; and our great mili
tary loaders drew thoir swortls with
alacrity in support of tbo froo institu
tions to which thoy had shown their
fidelity so oflon before.
With what base porfldy this solemn
pledge was brokon 1 need not toll you,
lor this speoch shows that you know
it well. Vou expressly doclnre that to
far from sustaining tho Government
you rovolutiouiiecT it. Instead of a
war lor the Union, yon t-luitn that it
put the Statos out of the l i.ion, and
that you bad a right to keep them out
as long as you pleased or admit thom
to their places on any terms, however
degrading, which you chooso to dictate.
Instead oi restoring tho supremacy ot
tho Constitution, all your politicians
held, -and so far as I know from their
public declarations ttiil bold, that tho
victory of tho Fodcrnl forcoB aboli.ihod
the Constitution, not only in the South,
but in tbo North, and therefore thoy
woro not bound to observe its limita
tion'., either in the legislative, judicial
or executive invusures. Instead ol
bringing buck the States with their
rights unimpaired, according to your
promiso, you cripplod, enslaved, sub
jugated and disfranchised tbem. In
stead ot using tho war powor lor tbe
just and lawful purposes to which you
wore pledged, you converted it into
a lslack Republican Job to put the
rights of all tho peoplo permanently
under the foot of an unprincipled
party.
1 submit this part ol the case lo
your consideration. I ask you to say
whether you can find in tho whole
history of tho human race another in
stance of similar perfidy on a scale so
large. The baseness ol tho Mussaehn-
sells authority in selling the surren
dered PcquodB into slavory after a sol
emn promise to the contrary was but
tho "germ oi an idea, on wnicn you
acted in tho fulness of its growth.
Their act wua in its nature and char
acter nearly as bad as it could be ; but
only eight Bcoro of helpless people suf
fered by it ; tbe Victims of your treach
ery are counted by millions.
Tho offenses which you aro now en
gaged in committing upon tbo public
treasury aro tho natural seqnenccs of
your crimes against popular liberty.
Universal experience proves that
power usurped will always be dishon
estly used. Seeing that tho Abolition
ists woro led by men whom no oath
could hold to the Constitution, and
whom no pledge could bind to an ob
sorvanco of its principles, we bad no
right to expect a docont regard for
justice in their administration of tho
national finances. 1 do not mean that
the masses of your party were, or are
now, destituto of common integrity.
But that was overruled by tbe political
doctrines of thoir leaders. Having
once set aside the established law of
the land, they had no standard by
which they could measure the moral
conduct of themselves or others, and
they bocamo incapable of seeing
tbo differonco botwoon right and
wrong in public affairs. The "higher
law" threw tho reins loose on the nock
of all ovil passions. It not only abro
gated tbo Constitution, but the deca
logue as well, and the eighth command
ment was nullified with the rest.
You havo consequently made ours
the corrupted Government on this sido
of Constantinople. Perhups you will
say this it a more general assertion.
nut 1 am ready to maintain tbe truth
of it against all opposors. You may
take tho rottencst monarchy in Europe,
go over its history for a hundred years,
and produce tho worst act you can find
of fraudulent spoliations npon its peo
ple; and if I do not show something
worso committed hero undor tho
auspices of tho party now in power I
ill give up the case.
I am speaking of tho Government
ot tho ollicials who rulo us for their
pleasure and plunder us for their per
sonal profit and it is no answer to
quoto Mr. Lord's spoech before tbe
Senate on tho trial ot lielknap. llis
eulogy was on the virtue and intelli
gence of the people, and ho argued from
tbat tho duty ol tbeir servants to no
have with integrity. Ho certainly did
not mean to whitewash the administra
tion. If ho had meant to do so bo
could not bave succeeded, for thoro
waa not wash enough in his bucket to
go over the twenty-thousandth part of
tbe job.
While you woro hunting for certifi
cates of character among the spocches
of tho iinpeacbmont inanugers, why
did you overlook that of Mr. Hoar ?
Uo said in effect (for f cite him from
memory) that tbe one production in
which our country excels all othors in
tho world is the corruption of its Gov
ernment There was tho testimony
of a candid witness bolonging to your
own party, who knew whereof ho
affirmed and spoke directly to tbo point.
But it is useless to cite the evidence
of individuals npon great publio facts
that aro felt and teen and known of all
men. Nothing over was more notori
ous than tho general disregard of all
sound principles by this administration.
No pooplo on earth aro now suffering
so much from extravagant taxation,
and now hore does so small a portion oi
tho taxes go to legitimate publio pur
poses, or so much to the rulers thorn
selves end tho rings they choose to
fuvor. Industry is crushed'as it novor
was before. Labor no longor works
fbr itself sinco all and more than all
of its surplus profits are exacted and
consumed by tho hangers-on ot the
Government. Now, although we call
ourselvos freemen or freedmen, we are
to all intents and purposos slaves, so
long as you continue lo make ss hand
over lo you the caruingt of our labor ;
lor the essence of slavery consists in
compelling ono man, or class of men, lo
work for another without equivalent.
We aro determined to relievo ourselvot
Irom thit Intolerable bondage, as far as
wo can legally and poacotbly, and if
you do not help us, yon must at least
cease to mock us by pretonding to be
an anti slavory man upon principle.
You tell ns that the Republican
party "will punih its own rascals."
Tbo nowapapor report of yonr spoech
says that this was greeted with laugh
tor from tho Republican tide ot tbe
Houao. Certainly it sounds like the
broadest of jokes. It you meant it in
earnest, please to say what you foint)
thit claim of impartial justice upon.
You will hardly prove it by showing
that Bristow and Wilson succeeded,
with much tribulation, in convitting
certain manufacturers of crookod
wbiskv, and thoroby got thomselvet
turned out of ofllco. It is rain to deny
that there is, and has been, a general
system of dishonesty pervading all
anno ui vitii ovivii-c, WUIUO, BO IBr
from being punished, it protected, en
couragod and rewarded by the highest
anthorilos. Yon havo tot yoir faces
like flint againstall investigations tend
ing to exposo rascality. Proof of that,
if proof woro wanting, would be found
in your own denunciation of the pres
ent Congress for pushing lit Inqniries
into incise regions weere Tonality and
corruption might otherwise havedwelt
in Buloty.
In all your Southorn measures yoa
have shown a positive abhorance of
honoat government Yon forcod into
all placet of power men whose char
acters were notoriously bad, and main
tained thom while thoy perpetrated
the most shameless robberioa. Yoa
resisted every effort of the oppressed
people to throw tbem off, and whon
those efforts were successful in snmo
of tho Stales, yon mourned the fall ol
th rolent with sincere lamenlations.
Co'duIM on fourth pnge