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u CLEARFIELD REPUBLICAN,"
mutin TSSV WSBBBIDAV, It
OLIARVIILD, FA.
EITABLIIUED I
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In North Central PeBturylvnaln.
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YEARLY ADVERTISEMENTS.
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1 eqaarea....li 00 t aolaaia. ...... TO 00
aqoarea J 01 1 column. 110 00
0. B. QOODLANDKtt,
Pobllaher.
crura.
1 OB PHINTINQ OF EVERY DE80RIP
ej lion aeatly elected at tbll oBoe
TT W. SMITH, ' .
ATTORNEY-AT-LAW,
tl:l:TI Cleartleld, Pa. '
T J. LIN OLE,
ATTORNEY-AT-LAW,
118 Phlllpiburt;, Centre Co., Pa. T:pd
.5 ;T10LANDD.SWOOPE,
. ATTORNEY AT LAW,
Curwennvlllo, Cloarteld county, Pa.
oct. ,'TI-lf.
0
SCAR MITCHELL,
ATTORNEY AT LAW.
CLEARFIELD, PA.
JUTOflloe In tbo Opera Houee. ootil, 1-lt.
GR. h W. BAKKKTT,
T
Attornbti and Counselors at Law,
clearfield, pa.
January 30, 1978.
TSRAETj test,
attorney at law,
Clearfield, Pa.
faf-Offloa In tha Court Houee, Jj",'
HENRY BRETII,
(oaTKKD r. 0.)
JUSTICE OF THE PEACE
for aabL Towsemr.
Ha; 8, 1878 lj
-y M. M. McCULLOUGlT,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
CLEARFIELD, PA.
OBl.-e in Uaeonle building, Second etreet, op
pit.ite the Court lluuae. Je2B,'7o-tf.
c. Arnold, :
LAW At COLLECTION OFFICE,
CURWEN8VILLE,
i)t Cloarlald Count, P.nn'e. 757
O T. BROCKBANK,
' ATTORNEY AT LAW,
CLEARFIELD, PA.
. Office In Opora llouao. ap 1I,TT-1;
JAMK3 MITCHELL,
.. .-'. DaaLun im
Square Timber & Timber Lands.,
JellTI CLEARFIELD, PA. .
I " K. " SNYDKR,
J a
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
CLEARFIELD, PA.
Offioo la Pie' Opera Hoaaa.
June M, tstf.
Wll-LIAS A. WALLAra
patio L. aaaaa.
Joan w. waiobar.
aaaar r. WAttAon.
IITALLACK & KRliBS,
IT (Salomon to Wallaee A Fielding,!
ATTORNBYS-AT-LAW,
Jaal'rr Clearnel:, Pa.
Prank Fielding,, W. D. Blgler....8. V. Wllaoa.
JpiKLDING, bTgLBR A WILSON,
t ATTORNEYS - AT - LA Wp
" Jr i CLKAHF1KLD, PA.
TOffloa la Pla'a Opera Hob. moha-Tv.
HARRY SNYDER,
BAHBHH AND UAIRDRB6SBR
tihop oa Market St., opposite Court House.
, A sleaa tawal fur every eaataaiar.
AIm dealer la
Heat Ilrauda of Tobarco and Clicara.
etaaraaU. Pa. ' mmf IV, '7.
TUOl. IcaRAT.
oravi aoataa.
JJURRAY k GORDON,
ATTORNEY8 AT LAW,
CLBARFIKLD, PA.
rOffln la Pie's Opera Ilouaa, awond loor.
:30'74
loaara a. m'inallt. aribi, w. a cobdt.
rcENALLY A MoCURDY
ATTORNEYS-AT-LAW,
awLa;a.l baiineea attended to promptly witty
aJUIIIJ. VJUIOt) VB Oncvuil l.rf.1) WWI a"i mat
naiiuaai Dana. jma-.i-.tw
A O. KRAMER,
ATTORNET-AT-LAW,
Baal K.Ule and Oollaetloa Agent,
CLBAHflBI.I, PA.,
Will promptly attend to all legal bulaeei en
trnated to hla oara.
4T-Offloe la Plo'i Opera Hoaaa. Janl'TI.
J P. MoKENRICK,
ATTORNEY AT LAW, 1
' CLEAKFIBLI), PA.
All legal butlaen entruated to ble oara will re
aelra prompt attealloa.
Oflea oppoalU Court Boaia, la Maaoale Bolldlag,
eeooadaoor. augM,'7-ly,
R. M. SCUECRER,
HOMUOPATHIO PHYSICIAN,
OBoa la rooideae an Flrat at
April 34, 1171. Clearn.ld, Pa.
W. A. MEANS, t
PHYSICIAN A SURORON,
DUBOIS CITY, PA.
Will attend profaaelonal oalli promptly, auglo'71
JU. T. J. BOTEU,
i" U Y 8 ICI A N AND 9UR0KON,
Ofloa aa Market Street, Owarlald. Pa.
-0Eoe hoan: I to IS a. m., and 1 to I p. m.
kit. J. KAY WRIGLEY,
BOMCHPATHIC PHYSICIAN,
--0ffii aJjolalng Ike realdonee af Jamae
Wrigley, Kae., ua aeeond St., ClearOeld, ra.
Jalyl,'78 tf.
M. HlLLS, ' .' 'J'
'oPKttjITIt'E DENTIST,
OLIARFIXLD, PENN'A.
M-oaca In raaManaa, evpaelto than Heaea.
jrH.IMOIf
II. B. VAN VALZAH, '
CLEAR PI ELD, PEN ff'A.
OFFICE IN REHIIlKNCE, CORNER OF FIRM
AND I'INE STREETS.
' pr OBoa boaraFrom II to I P. M.
Hay It, 18T.
D
B. . V. lib' KCU FIELD,
JUte ergaow at tha tU Re gt meat. Peaaeyreaala
. aoiwaura, haring ratnraed from tha Army,
rffore aia prolaatleaal aerriee. ta thaaHiaona
ar CloateleU ooanty.
ujaT-Prefeealaeal a alt a pram, tie attaid.d ta,
o an Beeotld aereot, formerlyooaapled by
d.Woada. fapr4,'ta tl
CLEARFIBL
. : . . . , - L- - . . t
"fiEO. B. GO0DLMDEE, Editor L Proprietor, . , : : PRINCIPLES, NOT MEN. ' TEBMS $2 per annum in Advance.
VOL. 51-WH0LE N02,G5G. CLEARFIELD, PA, WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 28, 1880. , - NEW SERIES-YOL. 21, NO. 4.
TIIXTICKH' Ok COHHTAHLKIP Vtf.
We kara prlnlod a laraa nambai of tbo now
PEN KILL, and IU an no rorolpt of twantj.
Cm. oaaiU. mail a ooof to aaj addraaa. akrlo
WILLIAM It. HENKY, Juhtici
or Ta Poaoa ttv Scairiaaa, LI MIIER
CITY. Collaetione R&de and mono proiaptlr
pnii over. Artloloa of agrooinent and dcwla ol
oonraTanec noutl7 eiooutod aod warrontad cor
iwt o'r no eueria. Ixjr'V"
JOHN D. THOMPSON,
Juitloo of the Peaoa and Berlraner,
CnrwenaTllle, Pa.
fcauColloollona made and nionor promptlj
paldTrer. '"'V'i-
JAS. B. GRAHAM,
daalar In
Eoal Estate, Square Timber, Boards,
BIIINOLES, LATH, A PICKET8,
fi:lt'71 Cloarfield, Pa,
REUBEN HACKMAN,
House and Sign Painter and Paper
Hanger,
Clearfield, Penn'n.
fcax, Will aaoooto Jobe In hla line promptlj and
In a workmanlike manner. arrM7
JOHN A. STAPLER,
BAKER, Market Bt., ClearOeld, Pa.
Freak Bread, Koak, Holla, Piee aad Cakee
oa hand or made to ertlor. A general aeenrtrnent
of Confeotionnrlea, Frulta end Note la etork.
loo Cream and Ojiterl In araaon. Solon nearly
opuo.ito the Poalnflloo. Priaao moderato.
Mamb 111 'T.
WEAVER & BETTS,
naALaaa in
Roal Estate, Square Timber, Saw Legs,
AND LUMBER OF ALL EINDS.
rrOffloe on Beoond Itroet, in rear of atore
mom of Uoorge Wcaror A Co. jonO. '781f.
RICHARD HUGHES,
JUSTICE OF THE PEACE
roa
IHcalur Toirnship,
Oeooola Mill. P. O.
All official ba.tneee entratted to him will be
promptly atlonded li. mcb2, '78.
JAMES H. TURNER,
JVSTICB OP TUB PKACB,
Wftllaceton, Pa.
JNT-Il bai prpnirHl hlmtr with ill Ik
necirT blank for mi under tht PsaitoB i
Bounty lawf, mil hlmk ImU, t. All
l.rrtl mstttr ontraiUd to bin ear will reottlf
prompt tlt(. J7 rtb, 187.tX
TOUX L. CUTTLE,
ATTORNEY AT LAW.
Viid Heal F.tat Agent, Clearfield, Pa.
Offlec Tuird itrett, bctaOhmy A Walnut.
AVRaapaotrally offer i hla lerrioailn llinf
and buying landi In Glaarflald and adjoining
eountUa i and with as aaparlanaa o( ovar twaai?
yaari aa a aurvayor, flattara hlmialf that ha eaa
rondar aatlafaotioa. Vah. 18:fl3:ti,
ADREV 11ARWICK,
Market Htrcet, ClearHeld, Pa.,
AMI 1M.CT0RBR AND DBALBa IS -
Harness, Bridles, Saddles, Collars, and
Horse-Furnishing Goods.
tr-All kit liof rapairing promptly attanded
to. 8addlan' Hardware, Hurna Brnibl. Carry
Corobi, Ao., always on band and for Half at tha
lowaat aaah prlea. - ( Marrh lH, lS71t.
G. H. HALL,
RACTICAL TUMP MAKER,
HEAR CLEARFIELD, PENN'A.
AfAW-Pamne alwaya on hand aad made to order
an abort notice. Fitioa bored oo reaooaenio lamia
All work warranted to render aatlifaetlon, and
dellrerod if deilrod. mylt:lypd
! lAlvery HtnhU:
THE aaderelgned aagl leare toinlorm thopan
lt that ha le now fully prepare to aceomioo.
date all la tho way of furni.bing lU.eel, Bnggiel,
naddlee and llarneae. on the anorteat nouoe ana
en reasonable tarmi. Keaideneo on Loenat ttraot,
botwoea Third and lonrth.
GEO. W. UEARHART.
lloarBold, Fob. i, IS74.
WASHINGTON HOUSE,
, OLEN HOPE, PENN'A.
I ; ;, . ,, ,
fTIH B Bndritlrned, haring loaied tbll eom-
1 modlooa U.itol, la lb. Tillage of 8 lee Hope,
ia now prepared to accommodate all who may
oall. My labia and bar ehall ha mpplled with
tba boat the market anerdr.
IIKOKUE W. U01TS, Jr,
Oloa Hope, Pa., Meroh It, 18TS.tr.
THOMAS H. FORCEE,
DlALRI IB
UKNEUAL HERCHANDI8E,
URAHAMTON, Pa
Also, -i ten at re aianufaturar and dealer In 8qvi
Timtror and Rawed Lumber of all kinda. ,,
rOrdri solicited and all hills promptly
niud. i -it to 71
E. A, BIGLER.& CO.,
DBALIM IN
SQUARE TIMBER,
and manufacturer! of
ALL lit NIH OP BJAW UD LCMHKR, '
i-rtl CLEARFIELD, PENN'A.
8. I. SNYDER,
PRACTICAL WATCHMAKER
Ann naitia rt
Wntobei, Clock! and Jowelry,
: Oroiaaa'a Am, Afortal Arat,
CI.EAttp1KI.D, PA. '
All klnde of repairing la my lino promptly aa
ended to. . April II, l7l.
Clearfield Nursery. ,
KNCOTJRAGB 1IOMB INDUSTRY.
TBI andorrlgned, baring oeubllahed a Nur
eery oa the 'Pike, about half way between
Cltarneld aad Curwrnarille, ia prepared to far
alaa all kind! of FKUIT TRKKS, (ataadard and
dwarf.) Hrrrgraene, Sbntbhary, ttrapa Vinea,
uooaenerry, uiwlon tuarkhorry, ritrawnarry.
and Haapberry Vinea. Alee, tiibjeriaa Crab Treea.
(Juinoo, and early aoarlet lthnkarb, Ae. Ordera
promptly aitoaded to, Adilrert,
. ., J.b. WRIOBT,
aepIO 8.y ( Curwen.vllle, Pa.
MEAT MARKET.
F. M. CAEDONdc EE0. !'.
Oa Market f I, ana door wort of Menelon Ifooae,
. ' CLEARFIELD, PA.
fhar anaaiaaaaaeta are of tha moat aamnleto
obaraoter lor furniehlng the pablia with Freeh
alealaof all tlaa.eaa ol wo eery aeai ouaiity.
Wo aara deal in all kmaa or Agriealaaral lmpla
mente. which we keen on .abibltlon fat tea ben-
etl af the pablM. Call aronad whan la lawn.
aad lata look at Ullage, ar addroee ae
V. M. OAHUUH BIIU.'
Ceaargald, Pa July 14, I17t.tf. . . J
ClmrlUld Inwrunc Uttnty.
lANaavaan. . -r-inaotij n. nianLn.
Kr.nn k BatnlE, Jttntt.
Rep meat the following aad ether nftt-amai Col
Companlel. Aiteta.
Llria-.ol Uadna A Alobt-rC. S. Br..H,'"l."
Lreomingoa motual Aoaah plani.w. i.ano.aoa
I'hirmi, of llailford, Cona. ,2."s
Inauranee Co. af North America , ,'. "7
North SrIUah A Mamaallla II. . Br. l,7lt,S
Hcoill.h rommorolal11. 1. Iraaol.... ;,!
WaUrtowa fHI.III
Trarelera (Life A Accident) 4,tS,4a4
fiacaan Market 81., app. Court llonea, Clear
told, Pa. Jan. I, 7I tf.
THH PARMER 'ft WOOINO.
TUa daUlaa noddad la tba grau, tba Uttareupi
war alaiing,
And juit aoroii tba river la&g tha far a an at
tnvir raapiag i
I'jiid tha bill-, hiblua and fair, tha napla laaret
wera ibowing
Thalraoft whit baautloi In thi braati that from
tha aa a waa blowlnc.
A 11 Ilia inatd eaina tbtrogh iha laid lllh lung
and r.)illug lauKutiri
Tba buttcrcmt'i m6 way for br, tba dalit' moi
dd altar.
A ftrong ynuoj; farmer taw her pauio bwlila tha
fiartlof r(rr t
8ba draw a lily truu IU dvptb with goldan hanrt
a-quivur.
ThDu art mora fair than lltlai a. a," iaU ha.
with baad uplifted,
And thraw a poppy aa tba atroata toward tha
utatdao drittad.
5Uo tat tba flower in bar hair tba red aod whlta
togethtr l
A .aloud grew blaah before tba aun, and rainy
waa tba weatbor.
Ua eamfl acroia tbo river tbn, thli frtaar, from
hliwawtng
JIa Bin tied net tbo water 't dvpib, ha oared not
far ill flowing.
"O lovo !M id be, "if gleaming run ao-l etouJIeH
fklea oar lean u,
The r 1.-11-'. burring width may roll unpaaiad, un-
ttiod bet worn at ;
Hat wbfn lond thunder II 11 the air, and eloudi
i and rata come over
I'doruia tbeoeaun to your si J I ata uu fair-day
lover !"
And "n do d the villaga bulla rang tut auroM
ilia river,
th'lr tnuAlo aet tha hutterrupa ani ddlloa all
a-quiver,
While auue oua drew a Hly front tho atraaut 10
blithely H)wtog.
And pluckail a blood -red fpi-y I '"it amid the
wheat waa growing :
Tbo maiden itoi them ia bar hair tha ra-i and
wbiia tO((utber
With many a ttnilr, a tair or (w( aud gliuioM at
the watber. -
They pasted beneath the o'aaj.tl'a ahaJe the
lain-ernnd tho in a Id on
Whir a aruboa eroaaod arove their hoadi, with
( anuwv bliaaoma laden,
And la that ploco of holy oalm tho binding worJi
warv rpnheu ;
Ua in hi heart bote cut tbr truth, aha on her
hand l ha token.
The ytara went fay, nod loina Wtre bright and
some were clou .U d over,
But aver atood be at herslde ha waa no fair-day
lover.
THE R EC EST TOTAL ECLIPSE.
OIlitKRVATIONR IN CALIFORNIA AN IN
TKREHTINO CIIAPTKIl.
January 1 lib. A tlcapatch from
Ban Kmncivro on pirtftkini; ol (lio ro
cent Uital eclipso Buy : "Tho line of
totality of tho oflipKoof thosun toduy
pnnsotl ton miles north of this pluco.
Tho weather wan perfectly clear. At
filloon minutes, before 8 o'clock the
flint contuct was 1aihle, and at !l:63
tho obscuration bocumo total. As tho
last ray of Minlif'ht diaappoaied a co
rona of clear wailo light entirely en
oiroling tho moon flashed into view,
brilliant at tho odfe of tho moon, and
paling toward thooutor limit of the halo.
Next along tho border of tho lower
left third of tho moon appeared an ir
regular fringe of brilliant aparkling
primitive red and purple light, whilo
at the top of tho moon there
was a bright yellow trianglo ot light
equal In height to ono sixth tho diame
ter of tho disk. A similar out smaller
trianglo appeared at tho ccntro of the
riuht aide of the moon, and from the
upper and lower right side broad faint
rays were projected. This appearance
lasted thirty-one seconds, vne corona
remaining one minute longer. The
son disappeared behind the coast. range
beforo the oolipso had entirely passed.
During tho obscuration tho horses of
the party of observers ahowod signs
of extreme uneasiness, and tho fowls
of tho neighborhood ranches sought
their roosts. At rialenas, wuoro tue
eolipse was also total, the thormomcter
fell eight dogToet during the totality."
This eclipse has been looked lorwara
to with crcal Interest by astronomors,
although it was known that it would
oecn r u nder u nfavorablo oi rcu mstoncos,
the totality happening so noar the time
ot sunset that the hazeand atmospheric
disturbance always present near the
horir.on interfered with the use ol deli
cate instrument", for observation. There
wore two reasons, however, why un
usual interest was felt in this eolipse.
One was that it is the last total eclipse
of tbo sun that will be seen in the
West this century. Hut probably the
strongest reason is that tho observa
tions of the eolipse of 1H7H, for which
elaborate preparations were made, both
In this country and in Kurope, where
scientific parties wore expensively
equipped to visit the Rocky mountains,
produced disputed results that lod to
some warm discussion, which had the
o fleet ol only strengthening the re
spective opinions of tho parties to it,
A general desire was felt to have those
questions set at rest, and tho eclipso ol
Sunday offered, at loast, a chance for
such aseltlemont Then, results wore
reached in 1878 which, although not
disputed, wore yet tclt to bo incom
plete, and the opportunity of aupplo
menting them at to short an interval
as about eighteen months was ono that
no astronomor thought of neglecting.
In addition to all this, Buch splendid
advances havo boen made of lute years
in our knowlego of tho sun, that un
doubtedly a great popular interest has
been aroused in the subject, ana in too
means by which tint knowledgo is
gained. I'aradoxical at it may Seem,
more has been learned about tho con
stitution of the sun when his lave is
hidden by the interposed globe of the
moon than when he shines with his
noon tide glory undimtned. It it in the
wonderful region that the eclipse re
veals surrounding the sun, rathor than
in the insufferable blase of the snn
itself that astronomors havo been most
auoceaafu) in nenetratinir his socreU.
So every total eclipso becomes in turn
more interesting than the preceding
one. It is like tho latest chapters ol
serial story, which it porpetually
breaking off at the most intoresting
points. It should bo said, however,
that since have been found means of
studying the outor envelopes of the
sun oven whon there It no oelipse, and
when they are invisible, owing to the
overpowering brightness ol the central
body. Yet this doei not rob eclipses
of one jot of their interest, lor only
during eulipsot can the finer mysteries
be unlolded. "
Tho preparations made for the ob
servatiou of Sunduy't oolipso teem to
have been adequate to tho interost
taken In It, although tho subject has
boon loss talked ol than in 1878, when
the sun was seen partially eclipsed ift
tbit part ot tb United blatee. , lue
line of totality on Hunday orosaod oon
tral California and southern Novada,
and penolrated nearly to the Great
Salt Lake in Utah. Duly in California,
however, could favorable observations
be taken, because the eclipse occurred
so noar snnaeL. rrufoasor Frisby, of
tbo United Mtatat Mavy waseont, with
a corps of observers, armed with pow
erful instruments, to the Taclflc coast,
and I'roleasor Davidson, with anotbor
corps of obaervort anil a 01-Inch
equatorial telescope, more powerful
than the one Piar.r.t Smyth lugged up
the Toak of TetierllTo, wont into tho
Salens valley, whioh turrowt toeeoast
range, about two hundred miles sooth
ol San Francisco, and within Irons fif
teen to twenty five miles of the l'acltlo.
Hesidct these, many private oliservers
D
made elaborate preparations for ob
servinir tho eclipse from various
noints within tho line of totality. Ap
paratus (or photographing theeelipsod
aun was plentifully provided. Fresno,
spoken of in the dospateh prinlod
above, lies tomothlng over three hun
dred miles southwest of San Frunoisoo,
and botwoon tho Sierra Nevada and
tho coast range. It is nearly two hun
dred miles I u filler eust than tho Sit-
lenas valley, but it may have possessed
advantiiiroa from suporior elevation.
It is, of oourse, too early to speak of
tho results obtained, buunucu may uo
reasonably hopod, as the observations
seem to havo been more successful
than was anticipated. There appears
to have boon a vory fine corona, and
tho somowhat minute description given
of its detail shows that the air must
have been steady and clear. One of
the great results of the eclipse-in 1878
was the strong evidence obtained in
support of the opinion that tho zodia
cal light, which is seen, especially in
warm Springovenings, streaming, cone
shaped, Horn tbo western Mormon
nearly to the senith, is merely a con
tinuation of the sun's corona. Sunday's
observations in (Julilornia msy oo ex
pected to add to our intormation on
this subject, and perhaps definitely
settlo tho question. 1
Tho announued discovery of ono or
two intermorctirial planets by Profess
or Watson and Swift, was ono of the
most striking results ot tho observa
tions In 1878, and, at tho samo time,
tho ono that led to the wannest dis
cussion. Some Kuropcnn astronomers
could not bo convinced that tho Amon
can obsorvors had really found tho
long-sought, and, as mnny believed,
tho mythical planet Vulcan, tiiat
mathematics snid ought to bo braving
the fiery blasts of the sun at close
quarters, as becomes his sturdy natno.
Undoubtedly many ot tho teleacopes
turned skyward in California during
the piecions thirty-ono seconds of to
tidily, wore soarching for this fire do
fviiiir Vulcun. both to settle the vexed
question of his oxistenco, and, by Bet.
tling it, to vindicate the correctness oi
the American observations ot 1878,
and pnt to shame the European doubt
ers. Tho difficulty arising from tho
low altitude of the sun during tbo
eclipse, as beforo pointed out, mny,
liowcver,huvo8eriously interfered with
such observations, although tho proba
bility is that if tbo details ot the corona
could bo seen, any intermerounnl
planet in sight would not escapo de
tection. ,
There aro many other results to bo
looked for from tho observation of this
eclipse, which will add greatly to our
knowledge of that body, which, to the
inhabitants of tho earth, can have no
rivals in tbo heavons, although distant
Sirius may bo a thousand times as
large. Hot tho least intoresting phe
nomenon that may may bo moro clearly
explained it the nprush of enormous
volume ot matter Iroui tbo odge oi
tho sun s disk, that has boon observed
during eclipses. These tremendous
masses, many timos grcator than the
earth in volume, havo been seen to
shoot up tens ot thousands and even
hundreds of thousands ot miles in a
low minutes, aud then full back again
with equally frightful velocity, it is
ono of the unsettled questions of physi
cal astronomy, which Sunday's obser
vation may help to settle, whether
these volumes or masses, wtiicn are
usually regarded as gaseous, are merely
upheavals of glowing hydrogen from
tho rcatlesB surface ol the sun, or indi
cations of tho bursting out of solid
ro asseti from the body within, which,
tearinir thoir way through tho caseous
envelope, shoot out into space, ana
perhaps escaping beyona tno sun s at
traction, cool into meteors, whoso frag
ments somctimoB reach the earth.
AN EARLY LKNT.
Fashionable society is exoroiaod this
Winter ovor the fact that Lent begins
much curlier than usual. The clluct,
particularly on the youngor mombors
of society, Is rathor disheartoning, for
Ash-Wednesday put a euddon slop to
festivitos ot every kind. Ash-Wednes
day this year occurs on the 11th of
February and Easier on tue zoin oi
March. Thus by tar the largest alice
is taken out ot Winter and the inter
runtinn to social eniovmcnta becoinoe
a matter. Urdinanly Lotitia weieoniod
' - .. .y i
aa a relief from the exciting round of
tashionablo dissipations a breathing
space betwoen the Winter and Sum
mer campaigns but this season Lent
comes so soon that the belles of toeiety
will not have weariod ol the round or
Germans, receptions, operas, theater
parties, etc., aod it is to bo feared that
few ol them will bo propared by the
11th of February to enter placidly up
on the season of fasting and soil-sacrifice.
Tho law of society, prescribing
the strict observance of Lent, is as
rigid a the canons of tbo ehurah itself;
eo that there is nothing lor it but to
obey. For many a fascinating young
lady, thorefuro, Lent will this year
imply something mere than a formal
observance of the fasts and religions
duties presoribod by the church. It
will mean the surrender of conquests
scarce cotnplotod, the enforced absten
tion from enjoyments which have not
lost their freshness and charm, the pre
mature retirement into sack cloth and
ash os of yejauig dobotanto who havo
not yot tired ot their ball costumes.
Thus the society belle will bo modo to
do a real penanco this season, instead
of that pleasant and convenient lorm
of Lenten obacrvanco which affords a
grateful relief from social enjoyments
which have become burdensome, and
an opportunity tor contrasts in cos
tume and deportment which heighten
tho effect pieviously created by tho
pink, tho blue tnd the cream colored
ailka, the laces, the (lashing jewole and
the fragrant bouquets of the ballroom.
Unfortunately the movable calander
as oriL'inullv constructed will not ac
comodate itself to tho peculiar needs
of modern society, so that there Would
seem to be no mean of averting the
social catastrophe which is imrwading.
Another unwelcome feature of the
Lenten season this year is the fact that
Boater will come so soon that all idea
or appearing on that day in now Spring
costumes will have to bo abandoned,
and to those whs know anything at
all of the lemal mind the deprivation
thus assured is seen to be one of the
most formidable proportion. There
scemt to be nothing for it but to sub
mit with becoming resignation to the
arbitrary edict of the ehnreh- oalendar
and the Llraoooiaa law of fashion.
In this ease both unite in prescribing
the strict observances of Lent, and not
oven the proverbial ingonuity of wo
man' wit hat yot discovorod a meant
of postponing Ash-Wednesday until
"after the irBOT.''flnlinirs Gnzrttr.
In drinking the "good health" of
your friends, tali care yon doa't got
too mucn in me uauitoi awauowing
your own,
1
COLD SNAPS.
SOME ACCOUNT OF BIVIUE WINTERS IN
EUROPE INTKItlSTINQ DATA OF
FIFTEEN CENTURIES,
What passes In Kngland and Conti
nental Kuropo fbr "n sovero Winter"
would bo regarded in tha Northern
States and Canada aa a comparatively
mild and open season. "Forty-six
degrees of frost," as tho London papers
shivoringly puts it when recalling; tho
hard Winter of 18(30, lose much of their
importance whon translatod Into our
equivalent of "fourteen below sero,"
and sinco the invention of tbo thor
momcter it Is doubtful if tho mercury
has gono down in Kngland below 20.
Momorahle aevero Winters there havo
been in Europe, not a few of which
have had thoir Importance as well as
their interest in history.
In A. D. -101 the Itlack Sea is suid
to havo boen frown ovor for twenty
dnye, and between October, 703, and
February, 7'il, Btich a frost provailcd
at Constantinople that the seas are
spoken ol as frozen lor a hundred miles
from shore.
. It Is certain that two centuries bo
foro, in 5UD, Zabergun, King of tbo
lluns, crosxed the Lanubo on the ice,
and routing the troops oi Justinian
spread over Thraco to the very walls
of Constantinople, this boing the first
incursion ot tbo Bulgarians who are
now to chooso a Princo and recover
thoir autonomy. In 122 ice covorcd
tho Hellespont. In 120-4 tho Cattcgat
was frozen over ; in 11123 tho Haltic
wat passable to travelers for six Weeks;
again in 1102 it was frozen from l'om
orunia to Denmark, and twenty-four
Winters after its surl'uco would boar a
rider from Lubce to tho shore of Prus
sia. In l lu'O horsemen rodo from Den
mark to Swedon, and in 1518 sledges
drawn by oxon travolod on tbo sea
from Rostock to Denmark. In 1U58
Charles X., with his army horso and
foot and his artillery trains and bag
gage, crossed tho Little Belt from Hoi-
stein to Denmark, to lay seigo to Co-
penhagen.
Tho Gorman chronicles contain as
many records of severe seasons. In
HUM the large fowls of the air sought
shelter in the towns of Germany ; in
1 IliS and again in luM wine merchants
in Flanders cut their wines cham-
pngno frappe with a vongennce, only
cbampagno was still a thing corked up
and wired in the bottlo of the fnturo
with hatchets and sold them in lumps.
In 1569 the lar.y Scholdt was Irozon so
hard that it sustained the weight of
loaded wagon ; again, in 1604, it and
the Rhine were frozen over. In the
great cold of 10-2 the Zuydor Zee was
ico-bound, and in 1001 the Winter
brought the wolves into the street of
Vienna, where thoy attacked Dorses,
and even men. ...
The cold seasons of modern Kngland
huvo boen most carefully noted, with
an abundance of interesting details.
One midsummor day, 1035, it is said
me rrooie aesiniyrai nit ttie mntn ot1
the earth : in 1070-7 after a poriod of
lorty-one years that the writor in the
Gardeners' Chronicle has been figuring
out thore woro dreadful frosts from
November to April, and In 1 107 all tho
small birds porished. The Thames
waa frozen from London bridge to
Gravosend from .November 21, 1434,
till February 10, 1435, and in 1515
after tho long cyclo of eighty years
had boon fiilfilltd it was again crossed
by vehicles botwoon Lambeth and
Westminster. In 1504 and 1007 the
river was tho tccne of bonfires and di
versions, elaborately described on later
occasion by writers whose passages
aro as familiur to English readers ol
this day as the groat plague and great
fire. Some Shakespearean commen
tators think that thoy have found in
this unwontod tight of 11 ro upon ico the
source of the inspiration of some of the
Hard of Avon's images, and would use
this as ovidenco to settle tho date of
tho composition of a play,
The Winfor of 1083-4 was terribly
cold. "The frost trees and oven the
oaks split by tho frost ; most ef the
hollios woro killed ; tho Thames was
covorcd with ico eleven inches thick,
and noarly all tho birda poriBhod."
"Tho frost," according to n citizen's
diary, "began in tbo beginning of De
cember. The people kopt trades on
tho Thames as on dry land. Bought
this book at a shop upon the ico in the
middle of tho Thamos." In tho Winter
ol 1709 there was a three months' frost
with heavy enow, and in 1710 a fair
was hold on the Thames and oxon
wore Toasted whole upon the ico.
Coacho plied from Westminsltor to
the Temple, and from other stairs to
and tro as in tho streets, o that It
seemed to me a bacchanalian triumph,
or carnival on the wator, whilo it was
a severe judgment on the land."
Again, in the lainous hard VV intor ol
1 1 III, there was another frost fair on
the 1 bamcs, which lasted lor nine
weeks, during which poriod coaches
plied regularly on tho frozen surface
and the usual amusements were en
joyed. It was in this Winter that tbo
l'umous ice palaco, with all tho furni
ture ot natures crystal, was Duiit on
tbo ico at St Petersburg. In 1706
there was a season of intense cold, last
ing from Christmas day to the 22nd of
January, and ten years later in Inert
White, ot Solborne, recorded the only
sovere Winter that ho Booms to have
encountered in his thirly-cigbt years'
rosidenoo. January 7th, "the snow
was driving all the day," and on the
I2th, "a prodigious mas overwhelmed
all the works ol men, drifting over the
tops of tho gales aod filling tho hollow
lanos. The company at Bath that
wanted to attend the Queen's birthday
woro Btrancoly Incommoded." Tho
cold was so penetrating that it occa
sioned ice in warm chambers, and in
tho day the wind was so keen that
person ot robust constitution could
scarcely endure to facoit, "Tamed by
the season, skylarks settled in the
slroots of towns because thoy saw the
ground was bare. Ibo thrushes and
blackbirds wore mostly destroyed, and
partridge wero so thinned that low re
mained to breed the following year."
r our of Gilbert White own parish
iotiers suffered Irom frost bite, and, he
adds, "tho frost killed all the firs and
most of the Ivy, and in many places
stripped the hollies of all the loaves.
From this minute description ol a
sevoro Winter in a country parish In
Kngland, the rural reader can inter
that an exceptional Winter there doe
not differ materially from an average
one In our orttiorn Mtalc. In lla'J
a cold wave ewept all over Kurope
and from November to January people
o rone ed the inane. at the custom
homo ob the ice. Again, lrom Christ
mas eve, 1794, to February 14, 17D5,
Knirlond experienced a season ot In
tense cold, only intermitted for ono
day, January 23. December, 1790,
waa also remarkably cold ; on Christ
mas day the tbormomotor marked 18
below zero, the groatost oold registered
up to that time. Oo the 13th of Jan
uary, 1810, the qnicksikor was frown
REPUBLICAN,
during which Napoleon' army strug
clod homo from Russia, leaving 450,.
000 doad mon to mark tho track it had
taken, was a very cold ono.
1 bis is pleassntor than Moscow,'
said the Emperor, robbing his hands
over a lire in tbo palace he had re
gained alter posting across Kuropo ;
the soldiers he had lelt behind were
literally frozen slilf in circles and
scores us they lay or sat around their
Divouao lives. Jn li r.ngiunc en
dured a Winter of exceptional severity
A writer in a London paper wroto
some time ago that bo that Winter
walked on tho Thames lrom liorso-
forry road to London hridgo and back.
The Portriovo of Tavistock aet out to
take tbe oath of office at the Quarter
Sessions, thirty-two miles away, and
as tbe "Annual Itcgistor" records, was
slopped by uhmi and ice after proceed
ing twenty-one milea, ana imprisoned
n a little hamiet for twenty-six nays
without communication from tbo outer
world. Soldiers marching front town
to town wore frozen to death on the
roud. Tbo Bnow drifted in tho streets
to such an extent that tho shop wero
closed ; by the middlo of January
London Bridge was Dlocnoa, but it
madu no difluienco, for the Thames
was completely frozon over a low days
later, when a frost fair was opened on
tho river and a bullock roasted wholo.
For many days there were no mails,
though tho postofllce put forth all its
powers to compel tho overseers and
parochial authorities to clear tho high
ways, and sent agonts down into the
country to dig roads, along which toil
ed mail coaches drawn by ten horses.
No coal could got to London, and
wSjin tbe householders' supply of fuel
gave out thore was nothing for him
but to shiver ana wail, it was ann-
cult even to reach tho butcher's shop,
here there woro neither lowls nor
vegetables to bo had. The children
had to he kept warm and amused with,
iu doora, whero alt day long the lamps
wero lit, for the snowdrifts Bbroudcd
tho panes. Tho watorpipes were all
frozen and people had to melt snow
within the tenders. The Solway wat
frozon over tor tbe first time within
tho memory of living men, and tho
crows of eoastors and fishing boats
starved and porished of cold at sou, be.
nig unable from tho accumulation ot
ico to makoport. In the Scandinavian
l'enmsulus the W inter ot 184J was a
most sevoro one, in various parts ol
Norway on tho 2nd of January the
mercury frozo and persons oxposed to
tho almosphoro lost thoir "breath."
rive years ana a day later tno ther
mometer in London registered 8" : the
railroads and river wore blocked, coal
rose to an enormous prioe, and the
metropolis was threatened with dark
ness from tho inability of the gas com
panies ta procure a fresh supply.
The next Winter, whon the allied
forces wero shivoring in tbo Crimea,
was to the full as severe. On the 29th
of January, 1855, the lakes wero frozon
w-e-wr ra" Ofcer mee wr e-www.y an.
wore mode on tho Sorpcntine in Hyde
Park, and in the fens in Lincolnshire
was established a trullio on tho thirty-
five miles long. Tho Spring was late,
nd there was cold weather tin tho zntn
of Juno. In 1800 Kngland oxperionoed
probably bor coldost woather. i rom
tho 23d to 30th of December the cold
was intense. At Torquay tho mercury
wont down to 20 below zero. In
Uvde Park it was 17, and a lettor
to the Times recorded that a horso had
been seen with "icicles at his nose
throe inches in length and as thick as
three fingors," a sight by no means
uncommon in Lower Canada. The
Thamos was partially frozen in its
tidal reaches, and from Teddougton
Lock to its most remote sources was
covered with ico from six to ten or
oven twelvo incho in thickness. Skat
ing parties were arranged lor journoys
from Oxford to London and back, and
the year in question will always be
remomberod among skutors a tno one
in which round heeled irons finally
superseded all others. On January (lib,
1801, thore wore uonnrcs ana grana
displays of fireworks on the ice in St.
James' and other parks. January,
1807, was another com month, tnow
nd ico practically suspending trallic
in London for eovoral days, though
people 6lfercd cabmen fares of til toe n
and twenty ehilings a mile. It wss on
tho Kith that tbe ioo in Kcgnot's Park
gave way beneath tome five hundred
skaters. ol whom forty -one woro drown
ed. Still another cold season was tho
Winter of 1870-71, during which tho
poor people ot 1 aris and the my equip
pod Itopublican lovios oi (jamoei sui-
lored so sevoreiy. .u;tecreii7m.
ETIQUETTE OF LETTER
WRITING.
As a rule ovory letter, nnless insult
ing in its character, requires an an
swer. To neglect to aimwcr a letter,
whon written to, is as uncivil as to
neglect a reply whon spoken to.
In the reply acknowledge first tho
receipt of the lettor, mentioning the
dato and aflcrwardB consider all the
points I equiring attention.
II the lottor is to be very brief, com
mence sufficiently far from the top of
tbo pane to div a nearly equal amount
ol blank paper at tno ooiiom oi tno
shoot whon tbo letter is enueu. ,
Should the matter in the lettor con
tinuo beyond ho first Pago, It is well
tocommenco a little above the shoot,
extending as far as necessary on the
other pages. -
It is thought improper to use a
half-shoot of paper in lormal lottor.
Aa a matter of economy and conven
ience for business purposes, howovcr,
it is customary to havo tho card ol tho
business man printed at tho top of the
sheet, and a single leal is usca.
In writing a lettor, tho answer to
which is of more benefit to yoursoll
than the person to whom you writo,
inolose a postage stamp lor the roply
Letters should b as free from ores.
uros interlineation, blots and post
scripts as possiblo. It is decidedly
hotter to copy tho loiter than to have
those appear.
A lottor of Introduction or rocom
mondation should never bu sealed, as
tho bearer to whom it is given ought
to know the oontonts. UiWl Manual
ef Social and Bunnell Forms.
A young mother was giving to bor
son, aged five years, a touching descrip
tion ol the misery into wnicu moprou
im am horl fallen. "Far twtv from
homo aud his kind father, obliged to
inb-n mm nf aerinn with nnlhino to
oat but the hnsks of com left by tbem,"
elo. " t hen wny aian t ne eat tno
nirr r was tne iirsoticai rcpiv. nan
gor Whig and Courier.
"That land ought to be used for a
cemetrr." remarked a gentleman, as
the train elided by a field in which
sand and atone were tbe principal pro
duction. "Kxoellenl idea, returned
his friond, "as nothing but th doad
could ever be raised lliore.
DY M. L. MoQDOWH.
Selected.
THE COUNTRY HCIIOOI.IIOIIKK.
The eehoolbouee atood boeido the way,
A .habby building, old and gray,
With rattling ia.h, anil looee-hueg door,
Aod rough, uneven wallf and ttoor ;
And why ilia little homo.puo erow
It gathered wore anme ureya moro bleat
Than olhrra, you would aoarce have gueaactll
It la a aoerat known to few.
I'll tell it out. The high road lay
Stretvbod all along the townabip hill,
Vtbenee the broad laoda alopod either way,
And emiltag ap did atrlve to fill
At every window, every door,
The leiioolhouee with that graoioul lore
, That tied ' fair World would fain it. till.
' So eoftly, quietly It eame,
Tha children never knew iti Dana
Ita rarloua, onobtruaivu looka
They eounted not aa etody book, t
And yet thoy ooald not lift an eye
From play or labor, dreamily,
And not find writ in eweeteat opeeea, ,
Tho tender loeaona it would teach :
"Uo gentle, children, brave aod tree,
And kuov tha great Uod loreth yooth,"
Only tbe toaoher, wla. of heart,
DiriuoU tbe landioae'a bleaaaj art
And when ahe felt tbe lag and atlr
01 ber young idlera fretting bor,
Out-glancing o'er the meaiiowa wide,
The ruultng wooda, tho far btlleide,
Mho drew freah breath of Uod'a free grace,
A gentler look came In her feoe,
Her kindly voice oaught ia ita awn
An echo of that pleo'iot tooe
In which the great World aang IU long
"Be oheerful, patient, attll and atrong."
if. K. "". a Si. Aii-tola..
Twotoachors of Decatur township
hove resigned sinco the term bogan.
Don't forget that constant reviewing
is the key-note of successful teaching.
It is 'somewhat provoking to drive
six miles to visit a school, and find
that school engagod in scrubbing.
The Pino Grove Literary Society in
Lawrence township bold lis anuivor
sary meeting on Friday evening, tho
26th of December.
Glen Hono now boasts of a irruded
school, the school at that place having
recently been dividod. Miss Sue
Patchin bus charge of tho Primary
Ucpartmont.
An exchange says that County Su
perintendent Shatib, of Lancaster, has
announced that no teacher can have
Certificate tint year who cannot
stand an examination in general in
formation. '
Attend tho Local Institute at DuHois
on tho 6th and 7th of Fobruary noxt-
We have not yet received a programme
of exercises ; bnt we know that every
effort is boing put forth to render it a
pleasant and profitable meeting.
f ho people should commence at once
to look after thoir candidates for the
oflloo of School Director. There is no
otlico to be filled at the ensuing Feb
ruary election bo important as this one.
ThAr-abu-a, that vnlora-Alionld nnito LoJ
olect men ot intelligence and integrity.
The best men ot every district shouiu
be placed in this responsible position.
The appropriations fbr the schools
of this county, due from the Stute, will
likely be paid toon. Wo are informed
that the State Suporintendont is now
engaged In drawing warrants, cover
ing all the appropriations due through
out theStute. Whotherthose warrant
will bo tent out before there i money
in tho Treasury to pay thorn, is a ques
tion wo cannot answer.
It ia our intention to publish, at the
oloso of the school term, tho names of
all pupils who havo attentled school
every day during .the term, if they are
sent us by tho respective teachers. Tho
roll will be made by townships; nonce,
it is necessary for each toaencr to lor
ward the returns immediately after tho
term closoa, in order that no township
or borough may bo omitted.
We desire to place a tony of tho
proceedings of tho lalo Teachers' In
stitute into tho bands ol every director
in tho county. Wo shall, thorclora,
esteem it a groat favor if the Secretary
of oach Board will send us on a postal
oard the namos and address of the six
momber of his Board. Thore aro eo
many changes in the office of director
that we oan hardly keep the run ol
them.
ITEMS FROM LATE REPORTS.
G. W. Emigh, teacher of Williams-
grovo school, reports for the month
ending Docembcr 19th, 1879: Wholo
number enrolled, 80 ; por cent of at
tendance, U.ij ; visits from directors, 1 ;
atldrcsscs delivered to school, 4 ; aver
age attendanco, 74 ; missed no lime, 52 ,
visits Irom patrons, 17 ; pupils detained
on account of sickness, 1.
James M. Porter, teacher of Curry
school, in Piko township, reports for
the month ending January Tib, 1880 :
Wholo number enrolled, dl; percent.
ot attendance, 80 ; average attondanco,
24 ; visits from directors, 1 ; visits from
patrons, 10 ; addresses delivered to
school, 4 ; mimed no time, 8 Two
pupils have missed no time during tbo
term ; one other has missed mil one
day during term, and three pupils havo
missed one day each during the month.
Miss Lou Heisoy, teacher of Hubert
school, in Union township, reports for
the month ending January 7th, 1880 :
Whole number enrolled, 27 ; por cent.
of attondanco, 89 ; average attendance,
24 : missed no time, 15 ; visits lrom
directors, 1 ; visits from patrons, 7 ;
addresses dolivored to school, 1 ; pupil
dotained by sickness, o. 1 hold exam
inations at tbe end ot every month
The averngo grade for this month is
95. (My marks rango from 50 to 1110)
Had colds have boen tho causo of tho
principal part of the absence
Wm. Postlothwaite, tcachor of Mill
Run school, in Huston township, re
port lor tho month ending Jan. 12th,
1880 : Wholo number enrolled, 26 ;
per cent, of attendance, 95 ; average
attendanco, ZJ ; mtasca no time, 14
visits from patrons, 3 ; pupils detained
by sickness, 2. The room waa cleaned
during the month.
Etlie M. Faust, tcachor of Chestnut
Grove school, in Bloom township, re
ports for tho month ending Jsn. 1st,
188U: Whole number enrolled, ol
por cent, of attendanco, 77 ; avorage
attendance, is ; missed no time, i :
visits Irom directors, 1 ; visits Irom pa
trons, 13; addresses delivered to school,
1 ; pupils dotained by sickness, 7.
J. Roll Bloom, teacher of Evergreen
school, In Pike township, reports for
the month ending January 7lb, 1880
Wholo number enrolled, 25 ; per cent,
of attendance, 70 ; avorage attendance,
17 ; missed no timo, 10 ; visit from di
rectors, 2 ; visits from patrons, 11 ; ad
dresses delivered to school, 2 ; pupils
detained by sickness, 2. The poor at
tendance this month is due to the bad
weather and bad condition of the roads,
the majority of the pupils living a great
stance lrom the school house.
ESSAYS READ BEFORE Till ORAMP1AN
TEMPERANCE UNION.
WHAT UO WE WANT f
Ladies and Gentlemen : As somo
of you aro aware 1 was placed on the
programme for an oration ; but, boing
so bus-, 1 could notllnd timo 10 learn
ono. hj if you will listen torn a tow
ininutoH, 1 will tell you what we want
llul I must first tell you what we don't
want. Wo don't want too see our
blessed land of liberty filled with
paupers and drunken sots. No I God
forbid. This life Is too dear to us to
thus throw ourselves away by wasting
ait our vituiiiy in gruiiiytug our ani
mal natures and tramping underneath
all our higher and botlor faculties that
was givon to us for our spiritual
enjoyment. No, friends I we don't
want to see our fathers, nor our broth
ors, reeling to or lrom the grogshops ;
nor do want to soo our noiglibors abut
up in tbe jails and ponitentiarios for
crime committed whilo intoxicated.
Those awful morning feelings after a
night's intoxication tell tho tuisa story,
and aro thoir own practical commenta
tors, or rathor condemnors. Inebriation
loaves thoso horrible toolings, because
it has dono a correspondingly terrible
damago, to inflict which is a sin against
existence ilsolr. loung man all mon
beware I You cannot afford thus to
trifle with, damage, palsy and destroy
your precious life. We don't want to
see tho precious youth of our dear land
poisoning their systems with the foul
stench of tobacco juice. What a beauti
ful (f) sight to see a new beginner with
tho juice running down both sides of
his mouth, while on the fleshy part of
. i. i: r L-fe-.T I
iuu ops in a uara eiruieoi unii-etieweu
tobacco I What a sweet kiss ho would
make I Think of it, young man, be
fore you begin. Think of the words
of Robert Burnos,
"Oh I would aomo power that gillie gle uf.
To eeoouraelvee aa libera fee ua,"
and you will novor fall victims to the
foul curse. "If its consumers can e:i-
dure their own foetid breath, thoy have
no business to intnct thoir rotten,
stinking eflluvia on outsiders, especially
on lovely women, and least of all, a
pationt wile. I obacco consumers, chew
and smoke that and let itstopyour chew
ing and smoking tobacco." It looks
awful to soo a long-faced, lantorned-jaw-
od, bollow-cbeoued man make his lace
still longor, his chooks still more hollow
by putting. It is a disgusting spectacle,
evon in a raggod loafer, but far worse
in a "spruood-up dandy, who pretends
to look genteelly ana scrupulous. .V bat
must a woman of nice cultivated tastes
think on Boeing a man, whom she ad
mires, thus deform his noblo manly
looks r Ub, young man, lay aside the
old pipe, throw away the eld stump,
spit out the old quid, and one-ball of
your life is saved. Do this, and you
will not have any hankering after tbe
grogshops. Oh, stop I We don't want
it; you don't need it; your system
.toe eant -twin ire mirth a atimulna : it ia
asm against the moral luw. uod for
bids it it is contrary to his wishes ;
and you aro tho loser.
1 bave thus tar tried to be as easy
with those who have fallen victims
as possible. You can see what we don't
want- Now we will try and toll yon
as briefly as possiblo what we do want.
We want temperate mon and women
too to advocate the cause of Temper
ance in our land ; to lilt men ap out ol
tho.miroy slums of an endless ruin
and place them on a higher piano, so
thoy can exercise their moral lacuitiej,
and prepare to Uvea lile of happiness
and onjoy the sweet liberties wo possess;
we want eur lathers to early impress
on tho minds of thoir children the im
portance of Temperance ; we want
our clergy to raise their voices and
put down those monsters; we want
our school toacuora to teach It in our
tchoolt ; in fact, we want every person
to advocate it, and then wo can bid do-
fianco to pain and sicknosa. hat is
life worth to us, if we are not happy f
Happiness Beekors allow this homo
appeal. Are you content with this
animal tendency of your faculties? Do
you not exporionco a perpetual aching
void which this world is utterly inade
quate, as it was never designed, to
till ? Aro gold, silver, and lands all
tbe treasures for which you long f Do
you not exporionco an indefinable want
wbieb nothing earthly has the power
to satisfy 1 Do you not hunger and
thirst after meat, to eat which you
know not of exoopt just tasto enough
to show you what there is? O God,
toed us on tho broad of heaven I
Give ns these grapos of Paradise
till we revive and gain strength enough
to enter tho promised land.
the cultivation el spirituality Is ol
course commonsurato with thoso
anto-pasta"of hoaven it was calculated
to bestow. Shall we not exercise it ?
Yot wo must not expoct to carry hoaven
in one band and oartb in the other.
"No man can serve two masters."
Where our treasure is there will our
joys will be also. We cannot revel in
this gross animal cast ol our luculttos,
and also to thoso holy aspirations. You
who are content to go on as heretofore
bave your ways boloro you. Advice
is useless. But ye who would renounce
this coarse-grained function ol your
faculties, and foast oa tbe riches of
heaven instead ol bore. To experience
these holy joys this spiritualising
faculty must be cultivated. And to
do this, put off the worldly phase ol
all young faculties' and exercise
them in accordance! with thi
analysis of spirituality. Commune
with yourownsoil and your Uod not
at times "few ami far botwoon,"
nor hurriedly, hut daily and long. Shut
th terrestrial door ol thy soul and open
its ccluslinl windows, and thoro give
way to spiritual reveries. Lot it go
out alter God and imbibo His spirit ;
feast on His lovo ; oontempluto Hit
oharaclor as exhibited In Ilia works
assimilate and attune your footings and
innermost soul to Ilia divine likeness ;
put away all unclean thoughts, and
desiro and long alter purity and moral
porloclion.
1 ot you need not shut yourself up
in tho dark. Natural light does not
intercept but promotes spiritual. Tho
open canopy ot heaven, oulttvatod
Holds, deep and still lorests. nowor
bedecked lawns, murmuring brooks,
beautiful and magnificont landscape;
above all, the rising and sotting so .,
morning and evening twilight, the
glowing east, the gold-tongued sky of
oi departing uay, have a magic spell
which inspire ub with a eonso of II is
presence, and infuse into the tout those
spiritual longings and emotions we
would show bow to cultivate Now,
you can see what we want. If yon
are willing to obey and be happy, well
and good ; if not, sin and sutler.
K. M. W.
" WHAT SHALL THH CURB BB I
That champion humanitarian, John
11. Uough, give thi striking illustra
tion of the Xemnerano work ;
He compares the great gulf, toward
which the alcoholio flood is rolenllossly
bearing o muny of "tho noblest works
of God," to th abyt of Niagara, The
early Temperance organization brldg.
ed tbe itroara above tbe Fall and
rescued many ) but they toon found
that tome who had boen plucked a it
wore from death had again lallen ; that
the tide wo growing itrongor. The
fiory flood roll on bearing it thou
sand. Thoy look farther up lb
stream to learn the cause, and find mon
pushing each other in. Why? For
what? For money. Even a th
robber slays for gold and oast hi
victim from the dill.
Thi is a pioturo of result ; but It
ia by results that work is judgod ; by
tho fruit the tree is known, From it
1 wish to ask bow shall we act ? Will
we hridgo the stream, and be content
with rescuing the tew who drilt within
our reach, or will we go above and
warn aud save ere they are lost? Will
we prevent the pushing in? What
can what should wo do in this matter?
Much every way. While we rescue
the lallen, we oan also presorve the
puro; whilo wo strongthon the weak,
wo may prepare the atrong lor lator.
Here is a field lor the Church and
society ; lor tho clergy and the people;
lor the public and llioprivulo; lor tbo
Natiou and tho State. Let Temper
ance bo taught In the schools, lrom the
pulpit, in business, aud by tho way
side. Much, very much is being dono
through these. Publio opining must
beavanocd. These are tho lovers that
sway the world. God' blowing be
upon them ; but with all these, unless
the stream bo sealed at the fountain it
will slill flow. Unions the publio de
mand that it be stopped, it will still
flow. Unless it maintains its demand
it will flow on.. Whib it is free to
flow thore will be drunkonnes and
crime. Whilo ono man hands lorth
death, claiming that it is his right, tho
reform will be compelled to force its
way. ' But let It be declared that mm
is an outlaws that Temporonce is the
motto of tbo State, and sobriety will
vindicate its honor.
How shall the fountain be scaled ?
Must wogoon teaching that it is an evil,
hoping that a knowledgo of this will
turn all from it? It it a vain hope;
but we need not wait for ail to turn.
The majority rtilos. The Nation has
long been preparing for tho final core.
It ut at band. XSeod 1 mention what
is? Tbe UallotI We should
thank God and our fore-iathors for it.
Through tho long and troubled ages
it has been preparing for us. Will we
use it now ? It is the last tbe final
cure.
"Prohibition maintained by the laws
sustained by tho people." Let this
be our watchword and our aim.
A STORM IN SWITZERLAND.
A storm hero is mightily impressive
I was seated tbe other evening on the
summit oftho"Hha'nli,"a round topped
hill crownod with a bummer hotel and
theatre, and was dining listlessly, look
ing out now and then at the vast line
of snow clad peaks in the burst ot
tcrrilio thunder, and then a succession
of lightning flashes. Tbo servant came
hurrying to remove tho cloth, and
pointed apologetically to a black cloud
which was coming with extraordinary
Bwiftness along the sky. Far off in
the valley I could see great sheets
of rain tailing ; and a besulilul curtain
of wbilo clouds rose elowly up before
the white Alps, shutting thorn entirely
from view. There came more thunder
and lightning, and then by the lime
was salely boused beneath an awn
ing it soemcd to me that tbo sur
rounding world had disappeared. Thick
darkness reigned. 1 be sky was filled
with torrents of rain, that beat down
with crashing force among tbe wind-
tormented tree ; tho heaven fairly
bolluaoil, aud ftvenuvwomiw uivhim.. -
there was resounding cracka that really
made one's heart boat fosterthan usual.
Porno and its cathedral, the long line
of woodon house by the river, with
their gublcd roofs and hundred win
dows, tho poplar trees, the bridge and
the noble bills beyond it, were gone I
Chaos reigned in their stead. An hour
of this was monotonous, and just as I
was becoming restless the rain ceased,
and one final farewell grand organ
poal from the colestialchoirvaalu came
ringing down, through the clouds,
which began to rise. Tbe hill directly
opposite me now began to appear. The
mist stole away , disclosing lirst a wood,
thon a house, thon attract, then pretty
gardens, and thon by and-by tho mass
ive walls by the stream. Warm breezes
cam to replace tbe oold winds, which
teemed to bave come down from tho
glaciora ; tho troes near mo rocked no
longor, but presently the sun came
bravely lortb, and touched them, turn
ing every rain drop upon thom into a
pearl. Now glory flooded the hills and
valloys, and! ventured to look toward
"Obcrland" again. Tho curtain waa
Bwept away as by a supernatural hand,
and as if it had been done expressly
that I might be overcome with admira
tion. There they were I their exquis
ite, eternal, dazzling summit touched
with tint of rose I Surely such a di
vine spectacle ia not often soon I I felt
as it 1 had not livod in vain. The
Alps I tho Alps I tbe snow-crowned,
the majestic, the mysterious Alps I 1
understood bow Byron had been in
spired to writo "Manfred." I got a
clear glimpse of the inspiration which
uplills the soul in loose nuuie regions.
Cor. of the Meteorologist.
UO W CELLULOID IS MADE.
The frightful explosion of the cellu
loid works at Newark, New Jersey,
and loss of lito recently bss caused
many people to inquire how eel
luloid is made and for what purpose it
is used. Dr. W. H. Wahl tells in lb
Journal of Industry . what celluloid is
and bow it is msdo. linelly denned,
celluloid, he says, is a species of solidi
fied collodion, produced by dissolving
gun-cotton (pyroxylin) in camphor
with the aid oi heat ana pressure, ine
gun-cotton is ground in a water to a
ne pulp In a machine similar to mat
used in grinding paper pulp. The
pulp it then subjected to poworfttl
pressure in a perforated vessel to ex
tract tho bulk of the moisture, bot still
leaving it slightly moist for tbe next
operation. This consist In thoroughly
incorporating finely comminuted gum
camphor with tbe moist gun cotton
pulp. Tho proportion! employed are
said to bo one part by weight of
camphor to two part by weight ol
the pclp. With this mixture any col
oring matters required can now be in
corporated. Tbo noxt stop is to tub-
joct the mass to a powerful pressure in
order to expel from It tbe remaining
traces of moisture and Incidontally to
effect also the more intimate contact
ol the camphor with the pulp. Tbe
dried and compressed mats is next
placed in a mould, open at the top into
which Hla a solid plungor. A heavy
hydraulio pressure is brought to bear
upon the plungor, and at the same
tim tbe mixture it heated by moans
of a steam jacket surrounding the ves
sel to a temperatiiro of about 300
Fahrenheit. When tbe mas it taken
out ol the pros it hardens, and acquire
the extraordinary toughness ana elas
ticity which are the distinguishing
characteristic of this remarkable pro
duct. Celluloid Is very largely used as
a substitute for Ivnry, which it imitated
with crest uoces. Tortoise shell,
mulscnite, mother of pearl, coral, and
other costly and elegant materials,
are also so snccesslully imitated that
an export can hardly delect tbe original
from tho copy. Celluloid 1 also used
a a (ubttitute for porcelain In the
manufacture of dolls, which will stand
a good deal of rough usage without
breaking. Quit recently, too, It has
been oombined with linen, and, nsed
for shirt bosoms, enffs and collar.