1 .-
I
" CLEIEFIELD RBPDBLICAN,"
OOUDLANDEK & LEE,
CLKAHriKLU, PA.
itTABLKHEU III laltl.
TUe largest Clrtniattea ifujl Mowapepcr
la North Central Penneylranla.
Term of Sulmr. pkz, '.'
If nald la adTaaea, er wttkia I aoalbt....M OO
If paid after S end before A ajoathe .. 9) SO
If oeid after lb eiptratioa of oetba... a uo
Bates ot Advertising.
Trenoleal advertlaoiaeaU, pw eeaare of It llaeeor
oee, S tlmN or loco VI
Knr eeoh eulMequ.ul lacertioB- .... 00
AAminletratora' and KieoalorB'aotleaa. I 00
Anditore' aotleee ........... I 00
C.ulioneand E.trn.i .... I
nieoolat'oa notleee t
Proreeotonai Carde. I UaM or laaa.l jeer..... t 00
Leoal noti.ee. par Ho to
YEARLY ADVKRTTPRMKNTS.
1 liaara -..Is 00 t 1 eotnmo.. .., 00
S lqor...... 00 I oolumn. 0 00
S equarea... SO 00 I 1 column.. ISO 00
fl. R. QOODLANDER,
NOEL B. I.KR,
Puhliaberc.
TtJHTICF.H' COHa.TAIU.EH KM
Wa bne printed a largo onaobor of tbe aa
FEE BILL, and will aa tha reooipl af Iweelr
S MM.'. llllMM'frl'JwIlUM .J.tB
' H. W. SMITH,
ATTORNEY -A T-LAW,'
tl:I:TI Oearlleld, Pa.
T""jrj.' iiNQLE? '
ATTOKNEY-AT - LAW,
1:10 I'tilllp.burg. Centra Can Pa rpd
G. R. 4. W. BARRETT,
ATTUBNIT8 AND COUNSELOR AT I.AW,
CLKAKPIKLD, PA.
January 30. 1871.
ISRAEL TEST,
ATTORN RY AT LAW,
ClenrBeld, Pa.
Ulif la tha Court lloaio. J?ll,'
W. C. ARNOLD,
A COLLECTION OFKICE,
LAW
0URWBN8VILLE,
Cleartold Couau, P.na'a. It)
T. UKOCKUANK,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
CLEARFIELD, PA.
s.
Offleo ia Court Houm.
ap Ji.TI-IJ
s.
V. WILSON,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
Offie on J nor rut of WftUrn Hotel baildln,
Dppoiit Court Hoom.
.e.L.:.'7T. CI.EARFJKLD, PA.
FftANK FIELDING,
. ATTORN ET-AT-LAW,
Clcartteld, Pa.
Will .tteofl tfl t.11 buiiOMl ntruiUd to km
arowptly mad faithfallj. j-nl'T
WILLIAM A. WALLACB.
a 4EBT r. BALL ACS.
DATID I. .
atOHB W. WKIBLAT.
WALLACE A KREQS,
(8aaiiun to Wallaoa A Kialdiag,)
ATTOUNEY8-AT-LAW,
jaal'77 ClearSeM, Pa.
tboi. a. nuaaAT. eraaa aoanoa.
MURRAY 4 GORDON,
ATTORNEYS AT LAW,
CLEARFIELD, PA.
eTOIBae 1b Pia'i Opera Uoaaa, loooad floor.
:I0'7A , .
CHARLES 0. LEIDT,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
O-erola Mllli, ClurO.ld Co, Pa.
Lata) bu.la.u of all klod. attaadMl to Par
ticular atlealwB paid to tbo procuring if bouatiet,
pea.iona. Ae.
Nor HI, l77 I;.
roHBPH a. h'bxallt. .dam ibl w. a'ciKbr.
McENALLYfc McCUEDY,
ATTORNKYS-AT-LAW,
ClurlUia, Pa.
Legal batlnvia Atundwl to pruuptly wltbj
itdolitjr. UIBoo oa tioeoDtl itrott, aboT . Firtt
aSatiooal Bank. jan:l:7l
WK. M. HCCCLLofflR,
MKD. 0 1. ai'CS
. MttlLLClt.ll & LUCK.
: ATTORN EYS-AT-LA W ,
Cleartteld. Pa.
All Irical buna.aipruBiptl altaodod la. OSea
on tceood .treat, ia laa aiaaoaio buildiag.
ti Jaa0,1T
A. G. KRAMER,
ATTORNEY-AT-LAW,
' Real Eitala and CwllontloB Agrnt,
CtBARflKLI), PA
Wlll promptly attaad to all legal buaioaea oa
traeiMi tn au ear..
jaor-Offiee Ib Pie'i Opera Hubm. Jeal'70.
JOHN L. CUTTLE,
ATTORNEY AT LAW
mil Heal Batata Agent, ClearBeM. Pa,
OAoe oa Tblrd etreot, b.i.Cborry A Walnat
ar'RHpMtfolly off.re hie a.rt..ata .oiling
aad bavlBg laade Ib Ol.arflold aad adjoiatag
o.BBtloa and with aa .Bport.Boaot ovortwoat.
y.are aa a earravor, lattere blBieelf tbat h. aaa
r.Bder aatiafaeUoa. Fab 10:'l:tf.
DR. W. A. MEAN 8,
PIIYSICIAN k SURGEON,
LLTIIKHSm'Ra, PA.
Will attead profosaiooal aalla proaiptlj. augl070
DR. T. J. BOYER,
PHYSICIAN ANDSURQKON
Oftee OB Market Street, Claartell. Pa.
p-Omm boari : I la II a. ., aad 1 to I p. m.
D
R E. M. SCUEURER,
HOMiIOPATHIO PHYSICIAN,
Offloe la rtaidrBee aa Ftret at
April Jt, 1171. CU.tO.ld, Pa
DR. H. B. VAN VALZAH,
CI.P.ARKIELI), PKNII'A.
OFFICE IN JIAKOMC IIUILDINU.
- OfliH ko.ro-Fraai II la I P. M.
Ma; II, H71.
DR. J. P. BURCH FIELD.
Uu Harg f lb M B Poaaijlvaaia
VoiaaUn, haTtag rtara4 rm lha Army,
ofort kit prafowloaal Mrvtoo ikaalUioaa
f UlaarAaloiaoast.
ar-PrfiialalU trtaiaily atwaiod I.
UDno Ma itroot, iorrloopi j
Dr Wootli. lapri.'M-U
71LLIAM M. IIHNUY, Wirt
T vPTaa Piica ard RcaiTiwia, LUHBRH
CITY. CollMtioai and and onf aronpilt
paid rtr. ArttelM of agpMtaionil and dooda of
toBvayaDM BMlly osarnud aad warraattx ojt
net or aharn. tajyTa
JEKI) A UAGEUTY,
HARDWARE, FARM IMTLEMLNTS,
llaware, realla. aee.f
aagl,'77 f Bwad ttwat. CUar.ld, Pa.
JAME8 H. LYTLE,
la kralier'f BalldlBf, llearaVId, Pa.
IH.W la UnmwiIm, Pro? leloae, VegablM,
rroue, ranur, raaa, .la., Ha.
aprlt'Ta tf
II
AllHY fiNYDER,
BARBER AND IIAIRDREMRR
Hbop va Marbat 81., ao.lto Coart Mioim.
A cl.ee towel fer ever aaatoalar.
- A MM BMeafaeterar af
All kluee af Artklee la Uaaiaa Hair.
Cl.ai0.la, Pa. aui 10, 'to.
JOHN A. STADLF.lt,
BAKIR, Markal St, daariXe, Pa.
trmk Bm, fceok , EaUa, Paw aaA Oakae
o bead ar Bead, to eraot. A g.a.ial aaoartaaoat
el O (otmiaiiln, Pne- aaA Mate aa aaaok
Ire Cms aad Pratacc In
eepnoiae I
Mane 10-10
' cletr? mm
GI0. B. GOODLANBEB, Proprietor, - PRINCIPLES, WOT MEN. , . , TERMS $2 per annu Advance.
j - ; . y . ' - a i.-, .
VOL. 52-WHOLE NO. 2,560. CLEARFIELD, PA., WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY' 27, 1878. . , . NEW SERIES-V0J,. 19, NO. 8.
(Cards.
JOHN D. THOMPSON,
JaitlM af tha PaaM and SorlTtiitf,
Cwrweuavllla, Pa
t4.Colleot.oni mada and
!, ntmr.
bar ay prompt! j
Ut.Xr7.tl
RICHARD HUGHES,
JUSTICE OF THE PEACE
rna
Deeatnr Toarmftlp,
Ooeeola Mill, P. O.
II oOelal balloon entrarted to blrn will bo
promptly attondad fat. mohW, '70
THOMAS H. FORCEE,
BBALBB IB
GENERAL MERCHANDISE,
CRAHAMTtlN, Pa.
Alea.azt.aeWa taenufaotaror and dealer la Square
Timber eod bbwm LuBborol ell Btaai.
eVOrdora eollelud aad all bille prompt!;
Iliad. 'j;I0 7
REUBEN HACKMAN,
House and Sign Painter and Paper
Hanger, .
ClearUeld, Penn'a.
tttvWMI aioeulo Job. Ib ble Ilea promptl; and
Ib a woramaalieo mannar. arrcai
Q. H. HALL,
PRACTICAL PUMP MAKER,
NEAR CLEARFIELD, PENN'A.
mffPampc alwa;o ae band and made to order
oa abort ootiee. npee noreu on reeaunauie naa.
All work warraated to raud.r eatiafaetton, and
dellTercd If doelred. m;:l;pd
E. A. BIGLER A CO.,
SQUARE TIMBER,
aad BianatBefurarc of 1
ALL KINDS OP SAWL'O I.UMBKH.
I 771 CLEARFIELD, PKNN'A.
JAS. B. GRAHAM,
dealer Ib
Seal Estate, Square Timber, Boards,
SHINGLES, LATH, A PICKETS,
0:1071 ClearUeld, I'e,
WARREN THORN,
HOOT AND SHOE MAKER,
Market ft., clrarfleld, Pa.
Ia lha ebop latelv occupied he Frank Shoi
ana door wart of Alleghan; Uuoe.
ASHLEY THORN,
ARCHITECT, CONTRACTOR and Bl'ILDER.
Plam and ftpewifieatloDi furalihod fur ill kiodi
of buildiDpi. All work flrft-oliii. Stair baild
lag a iiiMialty.
P. O. addri, Cloarfield, Pi. jan.lT-TTtf.
JAMES MITCHELL,
DBALBB IB
Square Timber & Timber Lands,
J.ll'TS CLRARFIKI.O, PA.
J. U. M'MURRAY
WILL BUPrLt YOI1 WITH ANY ARTICLE
OF MKHCI1ANIMHK AT TIIKVKRY LOWKKT
PRICE. COMB AND BKK. I:6:7S;:
NEW WASHINGTON.
WEAVER A BETTS,
DRALBBI IB
Real Esta'e, Square Timb r,Saw Legs,
AND Ll'MBRROr ALL KINDS.
MVOtbo ae taeiind etrect, ia rear af otora
room af Uoorgc Wearar A Co, jani. '78 If.
BLAKE WALTERS,
REAL ESTATE BROKER,
ABB DBALBB IB
Haw lofp and Lumbor,
CLEARFIELD, PA.
OBlea ia areaak'a Row. I:li:71
I. SNYDER,
PRACTICAL WATCHMAKER
ABD BBALBB IB
Watchea, Clocko and Jowelry,
7ralam'a Ro, Marktl Aratl,
I'LKARPIE1.I. PA.
All kind, of repairing In I
i; line promptly eL-
ended to.
April
il II,
, 1074.
NEW BOOT AND SHOE SHOP.
Tba Bodtrilaned would it form the puhlh that
ha dm rvaoTcd fail Bt and Hhoo Shop tit iho
room Utrly aooafiiwd br Jn. Dear i nff. Ib Kbaw'i
now, Harkat troet, whert bt it prapirad to at
tend to tht winti of all wbo aood aojihtng in bit
liB. All work dont br km will 1m of tbo bolt
water 11, aad guaraateod to bo Orit elaM ia artry
rriptMi. Rrpairlng pnntily altendi-d to. All
biada ot Ltbttr and ribu Plndingi for lala
JOHN KCHIUPKR.
Clt.ru.ld, Pa., Joly 18, l7T m.
Clearfield Nursery.
ENCOUHAGE II OMR INDUSTRY.
THE andarftgDod, baTlng aiuhliabod a Nar
atiry on lb 'Plko, aliout half way botwoia
Cleat tld and OurwfflnvllU, li preparad ta far
Blah all klndi of FRUIT TRKKH, (itandard aad
dwarf,) Vrfrgrotaa. Bhrubtiory. Urapo Vtnoi,
Ooopoborry, Lawtva Bli4kbrry, Htrawhtrrry.
and Kaipbarry Vinat. A io, Siberian Crab Trwi,
galneo, ruid oarly aoarlat Rbabarb, Ae. Ordori
proatplly attAwdad to. Addrai.
4. v. w niuii r,
Mp.9 Idj Carwioi villa, l'a.
ANDREW HARW1CK,
Market Utrwet, Clarftcld. Pa.,
VArttrPACTuaaa amp dbalbb id
BAHHKHS, WADDLIS, BRinLKB, COLLAR H,
aad all kinda of
HOHSK rVKNlSHINQ QQOOS.
A full rtxk of Baddlm' Hardwara, Bra.bo,
fttaiba, BlankotR. Robai, aia.. alwava baad
and for aalo at tbo lowoM aaab prio. All bind
of repairing promptly attandad la.
All kiadt f bid taktn la oiobanga hit bar
bh and rpalrtng. All kiadt of harnau leathar
kept mm baad.eand for tola at a iniall pruflic
Clearftald. Jaa. 19, 1R7.
E. WARING'S
LAW BLANKS
Far kI at tba Clarlld RarraucAB oftca.
Tht ml i'omplete itrrift f Law
TbM Blanki art gotton ap la aprlo ityla,
ara af aatfurai itto, aad faruiiavd at vary low
graa far -
Call at tha RirraLirAB dn aad OKatwla
ttwni. Ordora by a it promptly Blind.
Addraa. UOOliLANUBRA LKR,
Jaly U, Ir-TT It. Cltarftaid Pa.
JOHN TROUTMAN,
DEALER I!f
FURNITURE,
91 ATT It VMS EH,
AND
Improved Spring Beds,
MARKET STRERT, HEAR P. 0.
fbe BBdeeeigBcd b.aa Ma.a la laform tbo will,
aae of ClaarO.ld, aad tba pebllc goaarell;, thai
bo be. ae head a In. Beeertaaral af Furniture,
annA ai Walaaa, Chactaet aad Painted Cbaaatw,
HaltM, Parlor ButtM, Boellaiag and Eetoopioa
CkeAre, Ladloa' Bad nte' Cbarra, tbo Per
fentod Dtaeag awd Pari Chain, Ceae rUau. aad
Wind Ohalra, OlMbea Bore, Reap Bad EateB
otee) Laddera, Mat Raeba, lerebbiBg BraebM, Ac
MOULDIBO AND PICTURE PRAMES.
eeblaf Oieeiea, Cbreai).. Aa wbtob teewld
ewjtabl. lot MaHitar Braaaatc
daal07 JOHfl TAOUTMA.
s.
COINAGE OF SlA'EIl.
0F--OII OX
HON. WM. A. WALLACE,
OF PENNSYLVANIA.
. IN TUB
United Staten Souato,
January 30, 1818.
Concluded from last irrrt
vcr, und wo lono it; if it bo unlJ, wo
lone it. I Auk my Iriend it that ia not
a proposition to which bo aaacntti?
Mr. Wulluco. I do not, and tho an
wer is in the Onrca wbivh 1 buvo al
ready givun- tho Senator perhaps did
not heur them aa lo France, in which
a conelnairo arm war ia pen tt tho
Sonator'a question, tor it ia clear that
with a bimetallic Btnndard there t;old
in not expelled, hut on tho contrary
silver flows there, and they have more
gold in that country than in England.
Mr Allison. Gold flows there?
Mr. Wallace. Oold and silver both
flow thero.
Mr. llayard. Aa I understand the
standard of Franco, called to day a bi
metallic alandard, is only nominally so.
It is not true, as 1 understand, aa a
mailer of fact, that it is so. j
. Mr. Wallace. As a matter of lad
the tivo-tmlie piece is to duy in circu
lation witb lull letjiil tender power in
France, paying debts just as nld does,
reniaihiiiu there a lull leuul lender;
and it is so in Germany : the silver
thaler is a lull U-ul tender there just
the itoiu niat'K is.
Mr. ltayard. I will not interrupt
my honorable lncml in the cuurso ot a
prepared speech. There is time enough
tor us to discuss the question horeiiftor.
1 thought he was stutinif, as 1 said, but
one halt the proposition, and 1 merely
wanted to know whether bo admitted
tho other halt', that whichever way and
in regard to whichever metal tho un
dervaluation hy the stamp of authority
is made, it is to thut metal a decree of
banishment and exilu Irom the curren
cy of tho country.
Mr. Wallace. I lully admit that the
political economists of Englund argue
that: Ihev ariruo it solelv unon tho
ground of their own practice and ex
perience ; but 1 say tho practical hg
u lea, as demonstrated iu France and
Germany and by our own exierienee
to-day, contradict and deny it absolute
ly. The test la simply whether the
people with whom geld la to remain
will sell and produce nioro than they
buy and wear and eat. If the view
taken by the Senator be correct thut
gold is to fly from us, then it necessa
rily follows that we must liuvc enongb
ot this full legal-lender money of silver
tn be paid to us lor the commodities
that wo produco and soli in the mar
kets of the world, lo be returned to us
in lieu ol all the gold that would natur
ally and otherwise como to ns. Hoc.
trines based upon the experience ot a
given nation, around wtiiuti oertain
theories are built up, are not an answer
to facts that exist in tbo living reali
ties ol the present duy.
But, air, in regard to this bill before
the Senate This bill la not the Bland
bill. Tho free-coinage tenure is out of
it. Under that bill any one could tako
bis silver to the mint and deposit it for
coinage free. A supply for years in
advance might be lodged tor coinage.
Hy the Heuato amendment it is provid
ed that wo ahull buy monthly in the
open market all the ailver bullion we
use, not less than two nor more than
tour millions of dollars each month.
Tho difl'erenco between the price ol
bullion and the coin value of tho dollar
ia profit or seigniorage to tho Govern
ment, the value ot this provision, to
my mind, is in the regular monthly de-
uiuiid lor bullion. Yi e are a customer
ready lo buy, our vaults am not tilled
with bullion, and as months roll on this
demand adds to thu vuluu of tho raw
luminal.
The law of supply and demand ap
plies to gold and silver bullion as lo
any other commodities. The annual
supply ol gold is al iiui ninety millions
of dollars; ol silver about seventy mill
ion Lessen the demand for either as
a commodity and its price decreases;
increase the demand and its price lends
upwurd at once. II, tbcreloro, n de
mand fur silver to be vested with mon
ey function be created larger than bo-
lore, the price ot bullion must rise. It
we coin annually ono-hult of the world's
supply of silver, its rise in value is in
evitable, If silver tbket the place of
gold as money in any largo degree, the
demand lor gold bullion is to that ex
tent, decreased. Wo thus see tho luw
of demand and supply operating upon
both metals to cause Iheir approxima
tion, i his, too, treated as mere com
modities or merchandise, und not as
money. It is this very law that has
caused the evil we now seek to rem
edy. Germany, in her passage lo im-
Penul unity, substituted gold lor silver,
'rauco, in her sell ilelenso, ceased coin
age of silver lor a time, and our act of
1873 hail the same cflcct. This action
necessarily lessened the demand tor
silver, ami ita market vuluo baa ol
course lullcii. Ita dcuiolielijtltlluii and
non use put it upon a par with other
merchandise anded add lo the value of
lis rival, gold. With nlllhis it has not
lullcn as compared with other commo
dities. It will buy as much lund or
wheat or labor now as it would in 187.1,
but gold will buy more. It ia gold that
baa risen, not ailver that bus fallen. On
the basis of the relative production of
the metals silver Is the moro vitluulile
tor while wo get annuully nine of gold
we get but seven of silver. The arts
and abrasion of silver ronsumo about.
one third ot its annual product. China
and India took Irom Great Britain last
year nearly a year' production.
France will this year resume specie
payments in both metals. Their de
mand ia to ha added to ours. Tho cf
lcct of this law ol supply and demand
ia shown by the fact that Hie demand
of Germany for nickel for roinago in
creased ita price pearly 3UU per cent
purely as a commodity.
The question before as is not, shall
we make silver an unlimited legal ten
der, but, ahall we coin ailver dollars?
What ia the actual status of this coin ?
Its coinage was auspunded hy thu act
of 1 81 3. Thero is no longer lawful au
thority lo coin it. Noiiwilbstanding
this all of them that are In exislence(if
there be any) are legal lender for any
and every debt, publio and private,
and this, too, at the rate of 4121 grains
ol ailver, uine tenlha fine. They occtt
py the status of the live Irene piece of
Kraneo in lis coinage system. The
dollar like the five franc baa never been
debased. Neither the act of 1853 nor
that of 1873 Ventured to touch it. To
order ita recoinage and increase the
number ol grains of ailver la to add to
the mischief that drove it out of the
country after 1837, ami baa kepi it in
banishment since. It was then under
valued 3 per sent., And now it ia grave
ly recommended to add to t hla under
valuation upon tbo ground of tbo de
preciation of sliver. Jt silver Is lo be
disused by commercial nations, this
remedy will be valueless. We would
bo compelled to add to its weight lit
every session of Congress. If it is not
lo be disused, and ill this issuo of our
voice Is potential, then it is already
loo heavy for tho world's relative
value, 1!)J to 1. If ailver roiiioneno.
lir.ed retukea ita normal attiiudo us
hall of the world's ciirrunuy, instead
of increasing its weight, our duty will
bo to reduce it so tar as our out-standing
contracts will permit ua to do so.
Hut it is argued that the flight ot the
silver dollar during tho war and sinco,
because of its undervalue as compared
with gold, practically caused gold to
be used, and that such use in equity
cnmpela ua to repay in gold
Tho first answur lo this is, that tho
creditor who gave ns his gold lor our
bonds prior to 1873 accepted our ofler
to snbscribe, and looK bis option to
pay in tho cheaper metal gold, lie
had tho right to pay in either metal,
but practically Uvo-sixtba paid in
Treasury notes. Assume that he puid
in coin,, ho paid, of course, in the
cheaper metal gold. Our bonds were
sold us well in Germany und rranee
as iu England. In tho two former,
silver was one of thu Btuudanls of
value, and during ull of the years,
Irom 1802 l 1H7U, our silver oollur
stood in the muikel in London at Irom
102) lo 1011 in unld. As a matter of
course they did not pay in that kind
of coin ; I hey puid in the cheaper kind
ol metal. 'I hey had an option in pay
ment, and in return for their money
we gave them an obligation payable iu
coin, thus expressly reserving lo the
Government tho same option they had
just exercised.. If silver occupied the
same aititudo now that it did then,
might We not still exercise our opt, on
and pay in gold 1 lid the purchuser
pay a higher price hy reason of his
hope to pe repaid ill gold? Manifestly
not, for it was lower than silver.
An equity cannot arise it it in tint
huse Itselt upon the violation of an ex-
press provision in a Contract unambig
uous in its tortus, and plainly written
on tho contra Jt, and tho set of 1 .Still
niphulict lly declares payment may be
Hindu in gold and silver.
But it ia said that tho act of 1873
making gold the unit ot value and de
monetising silver estops us and in equi
ty and good litith the coulract ie chang
ed as lo those wbo paid gold liar their
nouns since iniii, and the cuso is put ;
tho Senator from Vermont, the senior
Senator, 1 believe, puis the case ot one
going to tbo Treasury and buying his'
bond and paying in gold coin. J he
answer to any such ullegud estoppel is :
runt, the aclot 1870, under which
the bond issues, gives no authority to
any one to bind the Govemninet to pay
in one metal or to deprive It ot Us op
lion to pay in either, but in pluiu terms
enacts precisely tho reverse.
neeoud. vt ben tbe buyer came lo
look at the contract, whether it was In
lHi 1 or Ibid, it plainly expressed upon
its luce the option of the Gulorutuuik,
to pay in either metal of tbe standard
value of July It, 1870. .No estoppel
can arise upon such a state of fuels.
1 he buyer bad lull notice that our op
tion was reversed.
Third. On July 14, 1870, Iho ailvor
dollar ot 4121 grains, nine tenths fine,
wastheunitol valuuot the money con
tract of tho Government.
Fourth. If this doctrine bo sound,
what becomes of our sovereign power
given by tho Constitution "lo regulate
Iho value" of our coins? Does it not
repeal tho Constitution and deny our
sovereignty T
tun it bo that any chancellor, that
any court of equity on the face of the
earth, can cause an estoppel lo arise on
such a state of fuels, tho contract being
unambiguous, express, and distinct, the
law on which the conn act is made be
ing equully unambiguous and distinct ?
Tel on Iho luco ot the bonds, when the
man comes to puy his money be pays
in gold and he has full noliee that the
option ot the Government wus reserv
ed. .Neither equity nor tho legal doc
trine ol estoppel cuu bind in uny such
vase as this.
MrBandolph. Allhat pointilsecms
to me lo be pertinent to usk whether
the option of the Goverinnrnt did or
did not ceaso In February, 1873, and
whotber Iho act ul the detiiouelixalion
of silver or tho dropping of the silver
dollar Irom the list ot the coins ot the
Government did not piaclicully surren
der thut option? if it did, 1 ask
whether tbe Government can now ny
its own act renew the option ? That
is a question lo which I should like lo
have an answer.
Mr. Wallace If the Senator Irom
New Jersey had paid attention lo my
argument he would have seen thut 1
am meeting that very point.
Air. Kundoliili. as tho creditor
not bound to know as wull thut lhat
coin wua no longer' legal-tender coin
lhat by the act ot February, IS,. I, the
demonetisation ot silver had taken place
and that Iho bond from thut time for
ward pracliciilly read that be should
be paid in gold 1
Mr. Wallace. I will answor the Men-
alor by my fourth proposition: If the
ducll inw eiiiii,icojl,l in Bhv fuw,,fci,,n .tl
the Senator from New Jersey bo sound
then what becomes ot our sovereign
power given hy tho Constitution lo
regulate thu value ol our coins I
Mr Hereford. And tho debt not due
oilher,
Mr. Wallace. The doctrine of the
Senator Irom New Jersey repeals the
Constitution inuvituhly, tor it wo are
not sovereign in power to regulate Uie
value ot our coma we have no rover
cign power. If tho act of 1870, which
was on tbe fats) of the contract when
the man came to pay coin, had even
in 1873 been changed by the power ol
Government on on express contract,
still if the Government bad tbe power
to alter and chango tho character of
ooinago in 1873, it has the same sovcr
eign right to change it in 1878.
Mr. Randolph. May 1 ask the Sen
ator then if nnder that anvoiclgn pow-
or we might not issuo dollar of less
than 4 12 grama and make it a legal
tender and pay our debts? ioe bo
approve of that doctrine ?
Mr. Wallace. 1 have already an
swered that distinctly. I say thai the
plain terms of the contract distinctly
speedy that we are to pay in coin ol
the standard value of July 11, 1870,
and we havo no light In murals to vio
late our contract; but, air, thu act of
1873 was no contract
Mr. Randolph. It has been held by
some ol those alio are iu accord with
the Senator Irom i'ouiiaylvahia that
Iho Government in the exercise ol its
sovereign power could do just that
thing, and thcroloro my queslioti.
Mr. Wallace. I do not agree with
any gentleman who makea lhat aascr
tion. I say In the statute of 1870 the
contract mad wa distinct and tin
phatic. We are to pay in coin of thu
standard value ol July 1-1, 18(0.
But, eir, taii doctrine of estoppel is
put upon lh high ground too or policy
3Sfe
as a people, ol expediency as a borrow
ing niuion, us vital to publio litith,
Our first duty is to be jiiMt lo Iho peo
ple. This involves and includes exuet
jiistieo to ull with whom the Govern
ment deals, but it nous not Include a
saciilico of thu moults ul the Govern
ment to pay a claim thut has no found
ation In cither law or morals. Wo
have seen it bus no fuinidation in the
terms of the enntruct. What foundu
tion hits it in morals?, A ro wo morally
bound to shape Icgislu! on ao as to in
crease the vuluo of a commodity in
which wo are to puy pi r debts ? Gold
Is rising. Must wo M legislate aa to
continue thai rise, because our debt ia
payable iu gold ? If t io bond gave
notice that it was puyaole in silver, at
our option, and silver wus lulling when
the bond was bought, irttist we make
good thu diUcrctico? Silver wus fulling
Jrora 1873io 1877. Nirsmh moral right
exists in either case lluvo wo iho
morul light toenail aslnlute to change
the cburucterof tkewiin in which debts
.ontmctcd sinco; 1873 were payable?
'his is the Very thing (bat was done
in 1873. As to all con tracts in exist
ence before that, silver coin could have
been tendered in payment. 1 he law
gave the option to do so But the act
I ISiJ denied this riL'lil and compell
ed payment ingold. II this was sound
in morals whv Is it not sound to ru-
sluro tho opiitu lo pay in cither ?
t he legal-lender luucthui-tue pow
of paying debt our experience
teaches us, la worth somclttiiig, even
when slumped upon pupcr. flow much
more vuluublu when tl.ue power of tbe
sovereign is imparted to uielul of in
triusio value ! We bare the example
of our subsidiury coinage, in which
lorty.lwo cents iu oilvtr passes cni retit
for lifty cents ; md that of Kngland, in
which bullion bought at tltly live pence
per ounce is coined and paiii out at tho
mint at sixty six pence, l bo total
subsidiary coin in circulation in Greal
Itritmn is nearly SUI0 ouo.oiiu, and its
legal tender citpucity is only lolly shil
lings. Tho British public, whose ex-
ample as to the gold sUitidnid .Mr Bow-
ol the couimissiouiand mono who
follow him sock to lmvi us imitate, ac
tually tnko and keep i r eirculuiion, at
a luce vultie of one hundred ceiiis lor
an uclnul vuluo of eighty cents, more
silver ihuu all of our mints could coin
in dollars iu throo years, This is the
power of lcg:.!-lohdcr limcitoit even in
citpiiiil-ownitig, labor-depressing, mon-
ometuliiu Kngland.' ,
Seycl, writing in 1 .".?, attributes the
ditioronco between the price of bullion
and ot coin, which tin il, wus six (Hid
two filths per cent., exclusively to the
llect ot tbo legul-teuilor power given
by law. Is there not just ground lor
tbo In-ln-l, then, that Indium appreuia
led by (Ictnutid and coiH Vested with
debt-paying power will spun thu dilfer
elite between gold and silver bullion as
it exists to -day ?
lull-mat y, by her law changing Iroin
silver lo gold, retained the silver tba-
lur as a legal lender because of un ap-
prchcns'on ol dungcr Irom too sudden
dtiuuuotiiauon ; aud wbilu other silver
ul once depreciated, this protected coin
retained its rclnlivo vuluo to gold und
passea current within tho empire at
11 to 1, or oiio gold mark lor three
silver thalers.
Is the fact that for moro than eighty
years one hundred cents in silver were
worth more than one hundred cunts in
gold of no vuluo in gauging the future?
.Shall we add lo the Value of Iho 412-
gruin dollar by Increasing tho quanti
ty of silver therein without practical
proof of tho necessity, while eighty
years of our own history have shown
none such to exist ? The gap between
tho subsidiary coinugo and iho dollar
is already wide enough. Our true path
is to ieurn hy experience tho real rela
live value between the metals and ihen
ply a Iu I valued silver coinugo and
adjust thu relative vuluu us often us is
liiuntl necessary. II we adopt tbe re
lative value fixed by the rest of the
world this necessity will occurul very
rare intcrvuls.
fliis is one of thu urgiiinenls for the
single standard ; that we must legis-
lule lo adjust the value between them,
but from the vury necessity of the cuso.
from tho character of the moluls them
B'dves, you must legislate as to their
relative value even if you place silver
in an exclusively subsiilary aliunde.
Gold will not incusim iho vuluo of even
tho necessities of t day's existcnoe In
llieir many subdivisions. You cannot
coin in gold the vulue of a peck of po
tatoes or a joint of meat. You nro
driven lo ill" white mclul. It having
fixed value by atututu ought id' right
to have Its corresponding pans ol the
sumo rclutive proportion in value, 11
is the on! maxim ol "lake euro ol the
pence and tho pounds will take cure of
themselves Iho tiecca-illes ot the
every duy life of our people must be
cnro.l for upon a just basis. Yon cun-
not and you dure not make a dollar in
gold worth twenty dimes. You must
Icgisluto, and that legislation is not
more important to the dollar than to
thu dime.
II we inolouBC the weight of a silver
lollur to tho value of one of gold, we
widen the gap between the subsidiary
coins anil the unit ol vuluo. It would
Mtl'ler mh iroiiinelslii'iM bo indinpon
sulile to rccnin the whole of it or Iho
people would reject It, for tbo injus
tice and inconvenience of maintaining
a coinugo with so wide a vuriulioti in
proportional vuluo urn apparent to all.
The cost of this recolnago ia no smull
item. '
The effect of adding to Iho weight
ot the eilvi-r dollar so us to coualixo it
as bullion with the present vuluo of a
gold dollar would raise by just that
proportion tho value ol all debts In ta
vor of tho creditor und against the
debtor, while tho assvls of thu debtor
as a whole have largely decreased in
vuluo. Silver aa a commodity bus ac
eompunied the decline of poverty anil
exact Justice would bring silver as
money and gold as money to an equal
ity upon a fixed raiio rather than
adopt the arbitrary price of gold en
hanced by so many and such unusual
causes. It would bo nWnst lo add by
a statute the percentage ot difference
lhat now exists between a gold dollar
and bullion t every mortgage, nolo,
bond, or oilier cvideiiuo of indebted
ness in the country as it would be to
add such on amount ol silver to tho
dollur so as lo eqiiuhzo it Willi gold.
Kvcry one would be shocked at such a
propositi, yet this is precisely w hat the
act of 1873 effected. Jt compelled the
debtor, whether the government or
tbo Individual, to puy luoru silver than
hu had coiilructed to puy. It added
the difference lictweeii the silver did
lar and tho gold dollur to every bond,
nolo, mortgage, or ol ier evidence of
indebtedness in the co miry and it did
it In the dark. That net eras a secret
manner of appreciating gold. Our
duly lo roeai it is plain.
To our second question, tbcreloro, wo
reach tho answer that it is tho safe
path lo recoiu tbe ailver dollar of 4 12
grains, and lest the practical qnostion
whether demand for silver and legal-
l-i Hi K
JL If JLJ 1.
tender function, will notcuuso tho val
ue of thu metals to approximate, be
cause by this bill Itself the law of de
mand und supply is niado lo operate lo
cause u rise in silver bullion : tbat debt
paying power inevitably increases Iho
vuluo of a meiul of inlrinsio vuluo;
that experience teaches that gold and
ailver girted with equal power in I his
respect, rtipidly reach a common value ;
that ourown oxperionce tor oighty
years shrews tho steadiness of this coin ,
lhat wo must legislate as to tho rela
tions, If wo have a subsidiary coinage,
and the inconvenience thereof ia inll
nitely h'.8 than tho injury resulting
Irom disuse of silver; to increase the
weight ol a silver dollar widens the
gap between it and tho subsidiary coin
aud will drive ua to tho expense of re-
coinage; that adding lo Iho woight of
ino silver dollar audsjusj that propor
tion to the value of all debts; that to
restore tbo dollar ot 4121 grains ia not
in violation either of morals or law,
and that neither expediency nor poli
cy baa any equitable ground in our
past financial history to reject ita
coinage. r
Mr, Jluyurd. May I ask my friond
a queslioti before hu takes hia scat?
Mr. Wulluco. Certainly.
Mr. Bayard, lie atllrnnxl just now
thut which 1 wus very glad lo bear:
ttio duty und the aoveroign power of
tho government of Iho United Slates
lo regulate the value of ttiuso two pre
cious inutul. I can understand that
word "rcgukite" lo mean hut one thing,
thut you sbsll, by regululing aud coin
ing money declare truly Iho relative
vuluo of lb, coo two metals 10 each ether;
lhat is to say, that so much of ailvor
shall be equal in value to so much of
gold and vine versa. That ia tho power
rcguluuoti. Now I will ask my
Iriend whether, under the duty of reg
ulation ol vuluo, you have tbe right in
law or in, conacience, in moral or in
any domain recognised aa respectable
in human dealings, under tbe pretense
of making regulation which meuns
Iho establishment ot an equivalency
between a given portoin of ono and
a given portion ol another, lo slate
lliul which is not true a' thu time you
slutu II ; that 412) grains ol silver, lor
instance, are equal as a tact to 25.8
grama of gold when wo know tbey
re worth 10 per cent. loss.
Mr. Wallace. Mr. President, the
difference laitwecn tbo Senator and!
myself, and tbe answer to his qacstion.
is that lie would regulate the valuu
under thu Constitution betwoen silver
bullion as commodity, as a matter of
merchandise, and gold coin as full
legal tender money appreciated by the
depreciation and debasement of silver,
w hile 1 would regulate its value when
1 have tested the increase in value
tlml would be added to tbe white metal
by using it us a coin and by putting
upon it full legal-tender luiutions.
When wo shall havo ascertained what
thu relative value or proportion be
tween the two metals is by using sil
ver as money and by impressing upon
it the debt-paying power, then we
shall bo in a posstuin to adjust the rel
ative value between tho money, silver,
and tbe money, gold ; but if wo under
lake to rcgululo it now wo rcgulalo
simply the valuo between silver bull
ion, demonetiacd and depreciated sil
ver bullion, and gold appreciated and
stamped with duhl-paying power,
Mr. Bayard. Why, Mr. President,
tho Constitution of tho United States
never was guilty of the absurdity of
supposing 'that any government,
whether it be tho government of a
prince or Iho government of a democ
racy, can regulate tho rclutive valuo
of these two commodities. The prince
or tho government stamps upon his
coin its positive vuluo according to his
law ; but tho relative value of his coin
must ho given by the law-men hunt ;
it must be governed by the markets ot
the world ; and no writer upon this
siibjecct ever ventured to affirm the
contrary ol ibis luct.
I bad here juat now a work referred
to hy my honorable friend from Klori
da, .Mr. Jones ; ho quoted a line from
Monti squieu'e Spirit ul the Law to the
effect that silver or mclallio money
would tuko its chief vuluo from its
function as money and not simply as a
mercJiautablc commodity. Thero is
no question as to that. But it bo had
gone a liltlo further ho would havo
found thut the power of a government,
w hatever may ho its form, is limited
to the declaration of tho positive value
at which tho coin shall ho received ;
but as to establishing its relativo value
it is impossible thut that shall bo douu.
Therefore, there ia no power given
to iho government of tho United
States, and bono was ever intended to
be given to the government ol the
United Slates, lo establish the value of
silver as a commodity or ot gold as a
commodity. Tho power given to them
was "lo coin money and regulatu the
valuo thereof." Tho power given to
them was lo establish, delino what
wus in the markets of the world the
just equivalency between one portion
of ono ot these metals and one portion
ol'unothcr of tlieso metals, and then to
stamp what vulue they placed upon
either. But when they meant lo reg
uluto tho value of tho two, they never
moatnt that. ,i,M,o t.l.ouM In (Lo
markets of the world ho worth more
than tho other when they by their
coinage declared them to bo tho same.
There could havo been no such thing
as giving to a government tbo power
to regulate tho valuo of commodities.
The idea is absurd. It is beyond tho
power of human gnuornment to rcgu
lalo tho vulue of commodities. Com
modities will rcgululo their own value
by laws far beyond Senate or Parlia
ments or tbo breath of lunnarchs. But
when the sovereign power of creating
a coin in such sub division of values as
iho interests and couvciiicnco of the
nation may dictate, and two metals
aro lo ho used aa equivalents, every
principle of justice, every principle of
law as known and resHiulod by nun
will compel you to stamp your coins
wilb simple and precise truth, aud no
nation can ullord upon any score, bo it
moral, political, or pecuniary, to depart
Irom sucri a stundard and to aecmro
that two units of value, prtwlaimcd by
them upon their face to bo equivalent,
are not an tn their relative ana aciuui
valuo. It cannot be, sir. My friend
will exeuso me ; but bo cannot find
either i.f this country or any other
country, such power given to gov
eminent to rcgululo tho rclutive vuluo
of commodities; but they can regulate
the vuluo of their coins, positively do
elare it, and when Ihey use two tnetuls
and two different units of Value cut
out of those melals they must scO toil
that they do not stale falsely when
Ihey declare that tbey are cqutva
lelits.
Mr. Wallace. My friend and myself
do not timer as lo the power given ny
the Constitution, and be misapprehends
me il bo supposes I would rcgululo the
value of coin by regulating the value
of the commodity. That is precisely
what I aaid ho wa about lo do, tbat
he would mak the relative difference
I
DLIU
between gold coin and silver bullion
without adjusting or estimating tbo
debt paying power and tbe nse of the
silver bullion when il comes into play
aa a power alongsido of gold. Now,
my argument is that by the gruduul
u so of tho silver dollur supplied hy thu
Mint, tbo usooftho metal us bullion in
accordance witb the law of so; ply and
den. and will increaso its valuu ; that
placing upon that bullion the legal len
der function, tho dchl-paying power,
lit ulso add to Its vulue ; und thut Iho
displacement or disuse of so much of
the gold bunion ol the world a is re
placed by the silver bullion, will tend to
reduce the value ot tho gold bulliof nd
increase tbe value of tho silver b'ih. b ;
and thna we shall have our coin regu
lated. Now, my friend says we cannot
rcguluto it save upon tbo market valuo
of bullion to duy , gold and silver. That
is not regulating the value ot coin. The
power ia "to ooin money and regulate
the valuo thereof ; not ot bullion, but
to regulate by an approximate relation
Iho valuo between the two moneys;
and we are to lake into consideration
all the facta and circumstances sur
rounding tbe two metals that wo use
aa money. Aa I staled before, tbo Sen
ator would tuko tho value of silver bull
ion as bullion and fix that as the actual
valuo of silver coin aa compared with
gold coin, with all Its power of legal-
lender function and displacement of
silver, while 1 would tuko tbo silver
bullion und givo it use and give it debi-
t laying power, and then pluco it sulu
y sidu with tho other metal and adjust
tho difference if any existed.
FLORA TEMPLE' 8 ACHIEVE
MENTS. At Chestnut Hill slock lurtn, near
Philadelphia, Flora Temple, tho trot
ting mare whoso lame is world widu,
died at 7 o'clock, on Friday evening,
December 21, 1877. She was the
properly of Aristides Welch, Ksq-, who
has ownud her since she retired from
the turf early in the sixties. In her
day she created a greater sensation
than any other horse over has, not
excepting Goldsmith Maid, and wus
tho lirst lo trot lower limn Z:2ii. Mie
had been gradually wasting away with
age for six months or more.
J. his grand old mare was foaled on
the furm of Samuel Welch, Ksq., in
1 B 15, and at the lime of ber death, wus,
therefore, in her 33d year. She was
sired by One-eyed Kentucky Hunter,
out of a mare by a spotted Arabian,
and, therefore, bad good blood in ber,
though, it must be said, she didu t look
liko it. She was in short, a very un
promising liltlo filly, with a temier of
her own. She was self-willed and head
strong, and was ao completely unman
ageable and worthless in every way
thai, at four yeurs old, William 11
C'ongdon, of Stnj rua,Now York, bought
her lor the paltry pittance of (13.
Kven at that rute ho soon tired of his
bargain, being nnable to do anything
wilb tbe vicious little brule, and meta
phorically slapped himself oil the back,
w lien a short timo uilcrwaro, no sola
hrr to Keller At Jliclisnlmm 6WM.
They cumo to tho tnmo conclusion
shortly, and sold her to somo one else
at tbo first opportunity. Alter chnng
ing owners once or twice more she
turned tip in tbo possession of Mr.
Jonathan Vielce, of Duchess county,
Now York, in Juno, 18&0. Air. Vielce
saw hor going past his house at that
time, hitched to tho tail of a drover's
cart. Her make up attracted bis at
tention, and, alter some dickering wilb
her owner, bought her for tj 1 75. He
kept ber a couple of weeks, aud was
more aud mora convinced that she was
treasure in tho way of borsc-flosb.
At the end of Ihuttiine he tisik her to
New York and showed ber to somo of
the men who had an itching for speed.
1 he result ol tho trip wus that ho
sold to Mr. George Pcrrino lor f!l50.
and wus profoundly thaiiklul that his
speculation had turned out ao well.
tier now owner bad no occasion lo ro
grot hia purchase, for be soon found
ih Utile witch bud a stealing "way
about her In gutting over tho ground
which enabled ber lu show u clean
puir of heels to all the roadsters on the
Bloomingdule road. This sort of thing
eooii began to annua attenlion, and
the vicious little mare became the
reigning sensation among horsemen.
Ibe eeusation was destined to be a
permanent ono, aa ahe continued to
develop under careful management,
and continually to givo her owner and
the public a series of siirpriso parties
In tho way of speed. For ten years
she held the trolling supremacy, and
her lame became world-wide.
Tnr. rmsTRAcr..
Tbo first race alio trolled in was on
the roud with the Wuite pony, beating
him without stretching her legs. A
second match was at oncn made, a
dash of a mile over tbo f!ed House
half mile truck, il was trotted on the
following nlienioon with tho sumo re
sult. Following this, her owner
mulched her for loud a side against :
aiiderburgb a gray stallion, the horse
to go lu witgon weighing 'I'M ikiuiiiIs,
thu mare to sulky. In Iho ruco she
cumo off victorious. A few weeks
Inter she was one of tha entries in a
iU Moo. nlonn; with W l.ifc.Mll, lola
ware Maid. Napoleon and II nam. This,
the first of her regular races, wus trol
led September 9, 1 S.'iO. The first heat
was won by Yt bitchall, alter winch
tho liltlo mare went in and took the
next three, in 2:55, 152 and 149. Hnon
alter this trot, Georgo Porrin sold hol
lo John C. Perrin tor 575. In Ibo
Spring of 185 1, she becutne frightened
und run away, receiving injuries which
compelled her withdrawal Irom iho
mil during the season, and made her
so flighty and uninuiiiigcnble that it
was tearod sho never could be nscd lor
that purpose again. Sho was thrown
out of training and put on iho road
again for a lime. The result was sho
caino around all right, and in the sea
son of 1852 she won two races ono
Irom Laity Brooks, tho other Troiii
Young Dutchman, making the then
lino record of 2.31 J. Tho next season
she was trolled, and won a large num
ber of purses, beating the famous
Tncnny, and cutting hor record down
to 2 21), and making two miles In 4.59.
Sho did not lower her record in lb,r4,
though sho won several races. In
1855 sho trotted against Sontsg to
wagon, two miles, winning 6 07. She
also got away with tbo pacing horse
Hero, the same distance lo harness, in
4:47. Tho following year alio made
Iho sporting world upon Its eyes very
wide by making the then lineqnaled
limo of 2:24, 'laoony trotting against
her nnder the pigskin. About this
lime William McDonald, of Baltimore,
bought her. , In 1857 she bent Lancet,
Klhun Allen, Brown Dick, and other
ones, without, however, lowering her
record niado the previous year. Tht
following year her principal opponents
wore Iteindeer and Lancet, against
wham ahe trotted numerous rices with
unilorm suueess. In 1859 sbo made
her greatest campaign, beating Prin
cess in twelve contests which are still
aw.nnja. ,var aa
remembered with great vividness by
all turfmen. Hor first ruco ibis season
was against Klhun Allen, '.'loru win
ning in 2:25 to wagon, and makintrthe
best timo in that style of going up to
that date. 1 he leading race ol ber
series witb Princess were trolled Au
gust 9 and )G. Tho first was mile
bouts, three in five, the little queen
making tho following time : 2:221, 2:22
and 2 23. Tho other was two mile
heats, tbe timo being 4:50 and 5:05
TUB BEST IttCoBD.
It was at Kalamaaoo, Mich., during
this season, that she eclipsed all former
records und brought ber own down to
a notch thut she never hollered Mill
This remained the host record to bar
nesa till- Dexter made hi 2:17 at
Buffalo, ,, I., in lHI'O, though bo hud
trolled tho season beloro under sad (I I
as low as 2:18. In I860 she made
series of I a mm is race with the groat
stallion, George 31. ralchen, probably
Iho best horso sho ever met. She bent
him ten races, nine of them mile heats,
threo In five to harness, and two-mile
heals. Tbe best of tlieso was made in
2 21, 2:24 and 2:21. Sbo trolled the
following year, also, in A few races,
meeting hor old antagonist, Princess,
and dolealing John Morgan in three
races, two of which were two-mile
heats. The same season she trotted
against Ethan Allen, tbe latter going
witlaa running mate, in two of these
contests she was beaten, though not to
her detriment, aa in one of them she
wai barely beaten by a head in 2:19),
while in tbewinningracesho distanced
Ibo stallion in 2:20. Sho was at this
lime seventeen years old. Sho did not
figure on the turf after 1801 to any
prominent degreo, though she trotted
a tew races afterward. During her
turt career she won seventy threo
races, mile faeata ; eleven two-mile
heats, aud one of three miles. About
tho timo of her relirucy she was bought
by Mr. Aristides Welch, of tho Chest
nut Hill slock farm, near Philadelphia,
in whose posseasion she baa remained
ever since, a companion ol lhat other
grand old inure, Liuly Thorn. She
was bred lirst in 1808, and has pro
duced three colts, tho last in 1871. Mr.
Bonner owns one of them, called Gen
erul Washington, from the fact lhat he
wus fouled on Washington's birthday,
1870. He is said to be ot liulo account.
II tR LAbT APPEARANCE.
Her last appcarunco in public was
at Dultois I'urk, Harlem Lane, New
i oik, in tho presence of President
Grant and other dignitaries.
Sho wus a bright buy, scant fifteen
bands high, with a handsome head and
bright eye. Sbo sua unusually long
barreled aud powerfully built iu front.
Iu fact, in her entire make-up she
showed the endurance and tbe strength
of limb churai lonstio of her Arabian
ancestry, rulher than the long, clean
shanks of the race borsoot lo-day, wbo
is built tor speed at short distances
only. Her weight when in trotting
trim was ufiont 750 pounds. Sho was
docked and pricked, and, therefore,
shorn of a good sharo ol wbut little
I uly she L&d She tt; s. bn.y-aited
animal, depending for her speed UMn
quickness ill gathering rather than
uHn length of stride. This, of course,
was largely duo lo the tact that at the
timo sho was trained tho appliances in
tho way of boots, stockings, weights,
and the thousand and one other appli
ances now at hand for regululing a
horse's gait wero not known. For
greut and uniform speed and endur
ance, and long-continued success on
tho turf, retaining her wonderful pow
ers until ripe old age, she has never
had ber equal on the American turf,
except the lately retired queen, Gold
smith Muid. It is A puy that tho
severe liuimng and work necessary tor
developing tho powers of such rarely
good animals unfit them for the repro
duction of tbeir kind with similar
power. Chicago Times.
THE TRUE "gKNTLEMA X.
"Hu is above a low aet. lie cannot
stoop to commit s fraud. He invades
no secret in tho keeping of another.
He tukes seltlsh adennlage of no man's
mistakes. He is ashamed or mnrn
does. Ho uses no ignoble weapons in
controversy. Ho never alalia in the
dark. Ho ia not ono thing tn a man's
lace and another to his back. If by
accident be comes into possession of
hia neighbor's counsels, he passes them
into instant oblivion. Ho bears sealed
packages without tampering with tho
wox. Papers not meant for bis eyo.
whether tbey flultor in at his window,
or lio open belbre him in unregarded
exposure, aro secret to him. Ho pi-o-fanes
no privacy of another however
tho sentry sleeps. Bolts and bars,
lucks and keys, bonds and securities,
notices to trespassers, aro not tor him.
Ho may ho trusted out of sight near
the thinnest partition any where. He
buys no office, ho soils none, intrigues
lor none. Hu would rather fail of his
rights than win them through dishon-
or.
llo will cat honest bread, lie
tramples on no aensitivo toolings lie
insults no man. If bo baa a rebuke
lor another be is straightforward, open
and manly. Ho cannot descend to
scurrillity. Billinsgnto does not lie on
Itio trwol.. Ol woman, nntl to her, ho
speaks with decency and respect. In
short, whatever ho judges honorable
li practice toward every one. Ho is
nol always dressed iu broadcloth.
'Sumo people,' says a dislinguised bish
op. 'think a geiitlcmnn means a man
ot independent fortune a man who
lares sumptuously every day; a man
who need not labor lor his daily bread.
None of tlieso makes a gentleman
not ono of them nor all of them to
golher. 1 have known men of the
roughest exterior who bad been nscd
all their lives to follow tin) plow and
to look alter horses, as thorough gentle
men in heart as any nobleman who
ever wore a ducal coronet. I mean, I
havu known thorn ns unselfish, 1 havo
known them as truthful, I have known
them as sympathising; and all these
qualities go to make what 1 under
stand by the term 'a gentleman.'
"Il is a noble privilege which lias
been sadly prostituted ; and what 1
want to tell you, is, that the humblest
man who has the coarsest work to do,
yet, if his heart be lender, and pure,
and true, can bo, in tho most emphatic
sense of tho word, 'a gentleman.'"
The Christian Statesman.
Some Casb. According lo tho re
port of lha Controller ol the currency,
in December lust, the liabilities Ot the
232 National Bankers In Pennsylvania
amounted lo the sum ol two hundred
and eighteen million, eight hundred
and seventy five thousand, two bun
dred and seventy four dollars and one
enti 218,375 274 01). Thirty-oneUanka
in Philadelphia allow an aggregate of,
(88,9.')0 657,15 and the twenty-two
Pittsburg banks have (33,919,991,64,
while the 179 Bunk in the bulanc
oflbcSlnlcshow (06,004,625,22. These
aw enormous figures, and one would
supposo that money should not be so
tight
WINTERING BEES.
' At the last meeting of lb Auenoua
rtoo-keopor' Association, Mr. A. J.
King gavo bia experience on wintering
bee aa lullow :
" -"s .e--., fe.'irttrw'nftO.Lritu
r.Vt1BiA am fc-sw.. a.
tho fact that they are frequently put
into Winter-quarter supplied almost
entirely witb honey guiLem! io Au
tumn, aucb as buckwheat, taster, tc.
Now, nearly all these Fall blotuvom
secrete nectar containing acids and
other substance dotrimuntal to tbe
health of the bee, and 1 would rocom
mond'lhat in Jun and July the bee
muster remove frames of honey from
tho bivo and keep them to replace
those filled in tho Fall, to that the
boos may have Summer honey to win
ter on. This Fall honey will be found
very uaelul In building up stocks tn
.Spring, and nothing will be lost by
this exchange method, ilathor than
use this late Fall honey to winter on,
I advise feeding syrup made br uniting
by measure two parlaof bos t,c0iTc.rUgar
In one part ol pure aula water, and
boiling for five minutes to destroy tho
grain, and adding A email quantity ot
salicvlio acid. ...
" I bavo kept bees somewhat largely
for many yours. 1 at flint wintered io
a double-walled brick building... Tbey
uniformly wintered well, but aa eni
tornily suffered terribly by Spring
dwindling. Tho temperature avorsgd
about 40 degrees. The latter part of
February tbey would commonce'to
breed, aud by the lime tbey were set
out they bad a good supply of brood
in all it ages ; tho difference in tbe turn,
perulure, uo doubt, chilled tho brood
and generated dtacano which., would
soon exterminate theni, . For some
years pusl I wintered on tb Hammer "
stands, leaving the lower part of the
combs in the central frame empty for
the bees to cluster in, but plenty of
sealed honoy abovo ; the warm air
ascending from tho swarm keeps tbia
honoy warm. I place three mall half
inch strips of wood on top and cross,
wise of the frames, over which 1 spread
a thick Quilt, allowing the ends to Ian
over on each side and extend down to
the bottom board ; over tho quilt I
placo three or four Inches of absorbing
material. Tbe bee can pas from
frame to franio ovor tbe top bars and
remain in warm air all tb time. I
koepthem packed until warm weather.
If tho tramea aro tull of boney, I er-
tract the lower half of tbe throe centre
frames. Thus prepared, 1 seldom lose
a stock."
Orioin or Tin God Hymen. Dan-
ohct, tho French poet, tells us respect
ing the dedication ot Hymen, tbat he
was a young man of Athena, obscure
ly born, but extremely baodaomo.
rauiog in love witb a young lady of
distinction, be disguised himself in A
lemalo habit In order to get access to
her and enjoy the pleasure of ber com
pany. As be happened to be one day
in this disguise, with bis mistress and
her female companions, celebrating on
tbe seashore the rite of Ceres Klousi
na, a gang of pirates came upon them
by surprise and carriod them off. Tbe
pirates having conveyed them to a dis
tant island, got drunk for joy end fell
asleep. Hymen seized bia opportuni.
ty, armed tho virgins, and dispatched
Ibo pirates; alter which, leaving the
ladies on the island, be wont in baste
to Athena, where ho told his adventure
lo all tho parents, ami demanded her
he loved in marriage as ber ransom.
His request was granted ; And to for
tunate was the marriage, lhat the
name of Hymen wa ever afterward
invoked in all future nuptials, and in
progress of time the Greeks enrolled
him among their gods.
How Animals are Tbeated in
Japan. Professor Moore aaya : Dr.
David Murray has called my attention
lo the very importantservice performed .
by tho crows and a kind of bawk
which act as scavengers. We aro so
accustomed at home to find those birds
especially wild and wary that it ia A
somewhat sturlling sight to ace '.bom
perching on the building in crowded
city like Tokio, and swooping dow a in
iront ot you in quest ol lood wbien
might otherwise decay and vitiate the
atmosphere. Tbe destructivenea and
brniality, generally speaking, of tb
children of Christian nations lead to
the atoning of dogs, cats and birds of
all kinds. In Japan such a thing ia
unknown, and a atone thrown at a dog
(1 apeak Irom experience) la generally
answered by Inquiring look, ben bop
out of ibo way. and even eat do not
tako tho hint. In other word,, tbo
crow and bnwka are never molestod,
and tho result ia tbat all carrion and
otlierstuff left in tbestrootaare poanced
upon and carried off Immediately'.
Scandal Denounced. The Austin
(Nevada) Chronicle ay : In th rounds
of our reportora wanderings About
town lost night be beard A lady, talk- -ing
across the street to a neighbor,
thus deliver herself on the subject of
scandal .- Hlf all things I do bate in
this world it s a scandalizing woman.
Now, there's Mr. Jinglutongue, that
everybody knows isn't A bit belter
than sho ought to be, and whoso
two daughters cut up so shame
ful that no decent woman ought to
speak to them, and whose husband
guts drunk, and they do say ho owos
lor that grcnadino sho pitta ao many
airs it. over hor bettors. It 1 waa to
aay any mean things about people like
sho does. 1 would pull my tonguo out
by the rls, the nasty, scandalizing,
stuck np old cat."
A Local Paradise. Murray's
church in Boston is different from all
other churches, It meets in Music Hall
on Sunday, and in Bumsioad Hall for
the l'mlay evening lecture. It in
come is about (20,000 A year. About
1,800 scats aro regularly rented, some
of which are as low as (2 a year. The
rest of the scuts are for transient com
ers. The greal organ i regularly
used, und Orgunlai Tbayur got 1,000
a year for playing on it. Brother Mur
ray receives a salary of (7.000, The
singers receive in all abont Iti.MlO ; and,
with incidental expense, too whole
(.'0,000 is nearly used. A chorus of
about JU0 voices, trained by Carl ,er
rahn helps lo make tho mtwio lively.
In addition to his pastoral labors, Mur
ray still edits iho Golden tufrand lakes
enro of his hotaes.
' eobo Tea m p.-The Southern nw
paper express t he fear thai lis Liberia
oxihIiis schemo will develop negro
"Irampism" in that section. A num
ber of negroes have congregated in And
about Charleston, 8. C, waiting for tbe
expected vessel to take them to tbe .
promised land tbo colored republic
ol Liberia. Aa tbo vessel doe not ar
rive the authorities are pernlexod.,
They aro nnable to send the emigrants
borne, and the tax-payer aro unwilling
lo support them. It is about lime that
something was done with the emigra
tion agont wdo go around gathering
in money upon promises that are not
kept, for they barm not only the color
ed race but society generally all over
Iho South. i
A Mrrrtar. The Borlington(IrVwa)
llaickiyt says i W don't oadsraland
why it is that aeons table with aacarcb
warrant looking for whisky In tem
perance town ran search for five day
and nevorget a small, while A dry and
thirsty man in tbe same town step
out nl hi office, walk briskly wy,
and in three minute i seen (merging
from an adjacent alley, wiping hi per
spiring mouth with hia cufTs. ; -
A Chicago chap adveitises for "steady
girls to help on pantaloons." AfeMow
wbo can't help oa hat-own fawkMoat,
oaghl to be ashamed to want gixl to
doit. .