THE -CLEARFIELD REPUBLIC W V , QOODLANDER & LEE. ; . "' CLEARFIELD, tk. TABI.IIIHBD IN l)ST. la Sierra Central Panuaylvaala. Termi of Sobsoription. If paid In xltuM, or wltbli I moalhl.... (Ml If paid after I and before t montho.... SO If paid after the eipiretioa of moath!.. a oo - Ratei of Advertising, TraaeWat edvertlaeueaU, par equate of llliaeaor leea, A It IBM or leea.......... II 60 Foreeeh oubaequeatlnaertioa.. at Adminialrutor!' aad Bxooutore' notieos...... t at Aadttora Bollraa....M.M...mM.H.n. I AO Oaaliontaad Kitrajra..MM.M...HM..M..... 1 at Diaeolatloa Betieoe... .............. .. I 00 Prefeaaienal Oarde, t iinee or leae,l ;wH.. I 00 Lean! aotieee, per una ........... la YEARLY ADVERTISEMENTS. 1 equal $8 00 I oolaina $50 00 S iqaaraa m..u.. 5 00 eolumn.. TO 00 I i'jura........10 01 I eoluma.. ...U0 II , .. ,,. , O. B. QOODLANDER, ,. ..... NOEL B. LEE, Pabllehere. Carfl. JOB PRINTING Of EVERY DE8CRIP ilea anally eseoated at thle eftae. - S, T.BROCKBANK, , a ' . , ; . ATTORNEY. AT LAW, CLEARFIELD, PA. ap 15,17-lr Oftoa ia Court Hoaat. wit. MocoLLoraa, mm. o'l. vck. ' McCI'LLOIGn & LICK. ' - ATTORN EYS-AT-LAW, ' - - - C'laarfitld, Pa. All tral bailnali promptt atteBded to. Offloa ob Seoood itraot, In tha Maaonla aoildinf. ' i- - ' J,".,0,,!L. Z W. C. ARNOLD, LAW COLLECTION OFFICE, - -' CURWENHVILLK, t " " ClaarlleM Conntr, Peon'a. i j s. WILSON, ATTORN BV AT LAW, QIKea ana door tail of Vi'atlara Uolal bnllding, oppoaita Coait Ilooia.. , aapt-i,'?T.t CLEARFIELD, PA. taoa. a. anur. - -, - " or ana aoanoa. - MURRAY & bORDON, ATTORNEYS AT. LAW, V .. CLEARFIELD, PA. "Otica la Pla'a Opera llooaa, aaooad floor. Ml'74 '-' " l "'. FFfrank fielding, ATTORNEY-AT-LAW, I....... Clrartlald, Pa. . arm aiiMd to all faaainara aulraatad to biai piomptl; and faithfully. - Jaol'7T) Wll.l.lia A. WALtACB. AHBT F. WAULArB. patib t. anaas. torn w. wbiolbt. WALLACE Sl KREBS, " (floioei.or. U Wallaoa k Ki.ldinj,) ATTORN EYS-AT-LAW, jnnI7T i ' ClrjarflaU, Pa. Kiarn . iTbhaixt. babibl w. a'ouBnr, ' - MoENALLT & MoCUEDT, T ATTOBNEY3-AT-LAW, tloarMald. Pa. a-Ural aaalnaaa attamlod to proajptlr wltbj I J.Htr. OSoa ob Saooad atraat, abota Firat Natiaaal Dank. - ' Janili7B -', ; G; R. BARRETT, Attorhbv and CouNsiLoa at Law, ' - CLEARFIELD. FA. liaTlBf Ta.lgned a I, Jnd(aihlp, haa nanmad Iba praatioa of tba law In bi, old ooa at Claar l p.. Will altand tha oanrti of JaTaraoa aad Blk oonntlat wben ipaelallj raulnad la oonoaotlaa lib raildont aonniol. ' )aBl'7I A. G. KR AMER, ATTC-ItNEY-AT-lAW, Raal K,UU and Collaclloa Afant, ' I, CLEARFIELD, PA., Will promptly attand to all lagal boilnaaa aa traatad to hi, aar. - I . ptTOa la Pla'a Opara Ilonaa. Jaal'71. H. w.: smith, A T T O R N B Y - A T-L AW, ; WA L T E R BARRETT, ' ATTORNEY AT LAW.." e i . ricarflrld, Pa. UrOBtM la Old Wailarn Iloltl bull.l!n(, aarnar of Saaoad an J Uarkal Ru. norl I ,. ISRAEL TEST, ATTORN KY AT LA W, , Claarflald. Pb.,i;c tromta la tba Caart Honaa, (j;ll,' REED A 1IAGEUTY, . . HARDWARE, FARM IMPLEMENTS, Tluwara, Walla, anl,'77 Baooad Blrtat, Cl.arll.ld, Pa. 7: JOHN L. CUTTLE, ATTORNEY AT LAW. Iu4 Real Batata A gout. Clnarfleld, Pa. OBoa aa Tblrd itraat, baUCbarr A Walnut. BV-Raapaatfally affara bii aarr loaa la aalliBg ud baaiaf land! ia Clanrlald and adjainlng toaaUaa aad wltb aa aiparlanoa ol orar IwantT faara aa a aarrayor, flattari bloiaalf tbat ba aaa raaiac aalUfaaUoa. ......... (Fab. m:.1:tf, J. BLAKE WALTER8, REAL ESTATE BROKER, . AMD BBALIB 1 ." Naw LogM and laiiinbor, I '., k. CLEARFIELD, PA. OBoa Ib Srabam'i Row. . IiMiTI Ti. j: lingle, ATTORNEY-AT-LAW, l:t . , Uaceala, ClearfleM Ca Pa. pd D R..W, A. MEANS, PHYSICIAN A SURGEON, .. . LliTIIKRBDURU, PA. , Will auaad profaartoaal aalla proaiptlr. augis'll : . DR. T. J. BOYER, : :. PHYSICIAN AND SO RO EON. OOaa aa Markat Slraat, Claartala, Pa. Xr-Olloa boon : t to Jl a. ai , and I to I p. D n H. M. 8CHBUKKR, IIOMfSOPATIIIC PHYSICIAN, . OAoa la raat4aaaa oa Markat at. April M, l7. . Claarilald, Pa- DR. J. P. BURC H FIELD, Lata Snriaoa af tba 83d lalaiant, PannlylranU Valaauara, baaiaf lataraad froai tba Ara7, alfara bla prafaaiioaal aarrUai la IbaalUaaal af ClaarlaUaoBalj. BT-ProfaaalaaaUlU praaiptlj atuada te. 0oa aa Saaaad atraat, foiaiailoaeaplad by Dr.Waada. , . ,. . . iapra,a.-H DR. H. B. VAN VALZAH ' t I.F.ARFIEI P. PE-JTA. Qt'KU'K In AlAtlONiC ItUILDlNO. ' Oftee bmira Freai It te I r. Af. " ay ii, 7 ILLlA U M II KN'BV , Justice TT ata Pbawi BBcBraBB,LUllHIK CITY. OoMeatlaeie aaaeW Hi mower promptly aald wear. AHlamaaf aawwaaaaat aad daada el auavayaaee Matty aaaaatad aad varraatad ear. reet or aa ebarga, - 'ir',li JAMES H. LYTLE, la Itratser's Building;, Cleai field, Pa. n.eier la emeerleo, Pnelileai, Vegetable!, Fralta, Floar, Feed, ate., ate. an,U7t.f . , .'i Tt-ir"it.' -." HARRY SNYDER, BARBKR AND HAIRDHEHAKR. Shop aa Meraet m opporHe Oonrt Roan. A eleaa towel far every eereemer. " Alee manafaatarer ef All Kindt ef Artie lew la Maaaaa Hair. C'laarlald, Pa. , .... may 10, 'la. JOHN A. STAPLER, ' ' . JlAEKR, Market St., ClearleldPa. ' Froab Breed, Reek, Rolra, Flee aad Oakaa aa band ai made aa order. A geaaral aaaaHmaaA af Ceafeeliaaarlea, Fralta aad Kale la ete.B. aa Cream aad byelera Nt eaaaea. Seloow a early appeilie tba peatoBoe. JPrleee moderate. Alan-b !-',. . , I ""WWWttaSllW -namBm in "U GEO. B. GOODLAKDEB, Proprietor. VOL. 51-WH0LE NO. Cards. TBJHTICOI' dk CtlMHTABLEH' FEE Wa bava prlntod a larta aamoar of tha naa FEE BILL, and will on tba raralpl of twaoty. Ova aanta. mail a mbt aoj addraaa. ajvfn JOHN D. THOMPSON, Juatlea of tba Poaoa and Sorlvanar, Curwenavllle, Pa. fcta.Cotlaotlona nada and uoaaj prompt! paidorar. fal.2'71tr RICHARD HUGHES, JUSTICE OF Till PEACE FOR Decatur Totrnthip, Oaeaola Mill, P.O. All olllolal bnilnan anlrartad to bin nlll ba promptly attandad to. Biob'iB, '70. FRANCIS COUTRIET, MERCHANT, PrcuehTllle, Clearfield Comity, Pa. Kaapl oonatantly oa band a full aaaortmant of Dry Uooda, Mardwara, urooanea, anu aTaryining Banally bapt la a ralail atora, which will ba lold, for oaab, aa abaap.aa aliawbara In tba oooaty. Franobrllla, Juna 17, 1807-ly. THOMAS H. FORCEE, BBALBB IB GENERAL MERCHANDISE, CRAUAMTON, Pa. Alao, altanalvo manufaetnrar and daalar In Sqnara Timbaraad Hawaii Lumbar of all kinda. V-Ordarl aoliolted and all bill! promptly AlUd. 'JylB'TJ REUBEN HACKMAN, House and Sign Painter and Paper Hanger, Clearfield, Penu'a. m-awWIII aaaoata Jobi in bla Una promptly and la a workmaalika aiaanar. aprMT , U .G. H. HALL, PRACTICAL PUMP MAKER, NEAR CLEARFIELD, PENN'A. arPnmpa alwaya oo hand and made to ordar an abort notloa. Pipaa bored on raaaonabla tarma. All work warranted to roodar utiifaotlon, and dallrarad if daaired. mySiilypd E. A. BIGLER & CO., BULK HI IN SQUARE TIMBER, and maoulaoturara of ALL Kl N !) IIPIAW Kl) Lll M IIKR, .7'71 CLEARFIELD, PENN'A. JAS. B. GRAHAM, daalar in Heal Estate, Sqnare Timber, Boards, SIHNOLES, LATH, A PICKETS, filtll ClraiB.l.l, Pa, WARREN THORN, BOOT AND SHOE MAKF.lt, Market ft., Clearfield, Pa. In tba abop lately occupied by Frank Sburt, ona door waat of Alleghany tjoma. ASHLEY THORN, ARCUITECT, CONTRACTOR and BUILDER. Plana and Speeinoatioae rurnlihad for all kinda of buildinga. All work grit elaaa. Blair build lag a apaeialty. V. O. aodraaa, Cl.ar6.ld, Pa. jaa.l7-17tf. R. M. NEIM AN, SADDLE and HARNESS MAZER, RuBbar;er, Clearfield Co., Pa. Kaepi on band all kindi of Barnell, Saddle!, Bridlei, and Horn Furni.bing Uoodi. Kapalring promptly altaaded to. Humbarger, Jan. 10, 1877-tf. JAMES MITCHELL, - BBALBB IB Square Timber & Timber Lands, jall'Tl CLEARFIELD, PA. J. It. M'MUIIHAY WILL 8UPPLT TOD WITH A!T ARTICLE OF MERCIIANDIHR AT THE VERY LOWEST PRICE. COMB AND 8KB. (!:S:7Jy:) NEW WASHINGTON. Ialvery Ntnblc. THE underalgnad bega leave to Inlnrm taepub Ite tbat ba ia bow fully prepare to aooommo dau all ia tba way of farniihing lt..aee, Buggiaa, Saddle! and llamaaa, on tha abortaat notloa and en raaaonabla termi. Haiideaoa oa Loeaat atraat, betweea Tbird aad Fourth. UBO. W. OBAR1IART. taarflald. Feb. 4. 1874. I. 8N Y D E R, ' PRACTICAL WATCHMAKER ABO D8ALBB IB Watches, Clocks and Jewelry, 0raiam'a Horn, flarlal Strut, rl.F.AHI'lF.l.l), PA. All kindi of repairing In my line promptly at anded to. AprlU8,l7. NEW BOOT AND SHOE SHOP. Tba aodenigu'cd would Inform tba publie that ba haa removed hi! Hoot and Shoe Shop to tha moat lately aveupivd by Joe. Dearing. in Shaw'! Raw, Market itraat, where ba I. prepared to at. trad to tha want! af all who neod anything la hi. Una. All work dona by him will he ol tba beat malarial, and guaranteed to ba IrM-elan in every reaneot. Repairing preinplly attended to. blade of Leather and blioe Finding! I"' "' JOHN St'lllliFKIl. Claaruald, re., July 18, m77-0m. WHOLE SALE LIQUOR STORE. . At tba and of tba new bridge, ' WEST CLEARFIELD, PA. Tl . en.nrl.tu o tali ailabllihmenl will buy bla llqanra dlreel from dlitlllara. Pirtlei buying from tbli boaea will bo aura la ret a pure artlola at a email anergla abowa eoaa. Hotel aarpara aaa be faruUhed wltb llqaorl on reeionauie e. Para wuvaa aad brendlee diraal from Baalcy I Vlaary, ai Bath, New rrB. .. , " . UBOHUE N. COLBUHH. Claarield. Juaa I A, 1870-af. Clearfield Nursery. ENCOURAGE ROME INDUSTRY. lift tniarilt. kftvlnff M(tMlibd k Kar en tM Tilt, tOUl H WJ vwiwwm CWlel aeri Id and Oarwrnivllle, Ii .l.b all kindi af FRUIT TKKKI . (f.ttB(1rr1 wid Jwul I Cverereeae. ShrubWrV. Grape Ooorebarry, Lawloa Blackberry, Strawberry, aad Rarpbarrr Vlaaa. Alio, Slbrrlaa Crab Traw, u.l.ee. and aarlv aoarlel Kbabarb, Aa. Order! promptly attended to. Ad.lrei, J. . WRIOHT, aanil M- Curwenivllla, Pa. " ANDREW HARWICK, . Markat itraat, Clearfield. Pa ' - MABPrACTPBBB ABB BBAI.BB IB HARNESS, SADDLES, BRIDLES, COLLARS, tail all bind! of - bokbb rvHJtisHwa eoooa. A full Hock of Siddlara' Hir.lware, Brolhee, Comb., Ulanhali, Robea, ato, alwaya na bead aad for aala at tba lowe.1 aaah prleei. All Bind! af repairing promptly attended to. All Had! ft bide! tnaen la alebanga for bar. noM and repairing. All kind! of be rne,i leather kept oa band, and for lale at a imall prolt. Clea.teld, Jan. 10, 170. E. WARING'S LAW BLANKS Far Bale ai Ibe ClearAald RartiauoAa eoe. Tht moot fomptrtr HrrUi f Mmw Ultimkt JOSfbf (geea-af. Tbeae Mai.ki are gmiaa ap la anperlor ilyla, are ef aalform itie, aea rarnuuew AgarM for eaab. s. Call 4 Ibe Rbi-vblmab amae aad eaamla baa. Order! by mall premplly Oiled. Ai ' ooo'dlanubralke. July It, I87r-H. Claarield Pa. FIELD 2,538. THE FIOIIT A T THE PASS. Hulcimnn Pasha hoe concluded to adopt Aorxos' tactics, in 1 ho hope of iionirojing ine itusmmis in Bcliipka nass as the Persians did tlio Greeks at Thurmopylft). In the oavage valor dis played by the defenders and the ap parently unconquorahle determination ot tho Turks to got possession of the best position in the Balkan, the figbu ing at Schipka may not unworthily bo compared with the throo days' battle for the road to Athens. The disparity in numbers is not so great, nor tho topo graphical surroundings similar in moro than one eesontial respect. The pass at l normopylio was tbo only roau by which Greece could be entered from the northeast. Hero Leonidns had eight thousand men. Behind Xerxes there woro two million. Supposing that one man would preeumo to resist nis aavat.ee, ne sent a noraia to 1.00111 das commanding the Greeks to lay down thoir arms. "Come and take them," said tho Spartan. Tho herald reminded him that so enormous were the numbers of the Persians their darts would darkon tho sun. "Thon wo shall fight in tho shade," was the prompt rojoinder. For two days the Persian soldiers advanced in close files, and tho dead so packed the narrojv road that uiu assailants mouiea piles 01 corpses. Tho pass is described Rs having been then live miles In length and, accord ing to Herodotus, fifty feot wide. Do posits accumulated by tho streams from the mountains bave so widened it tbat it no longor corresponds with the old descriptions. Abandoning the hope of overcoming the Greeks before starvation would have attacked his own army, Xerxes seriously thought of retreat, when onothcr passago through tlio mountains was revealed to him, by which he was enabled to throw twenty thousand men to tho rear ot tho Greeks. Ibe treachery being discovered, Leonidas dismissed all but throo hundred of his men, and these, excopt ono, complied to the let ter with the Spartan law forbidding tight in baltio. the ono who escaped the common lot, was carried, a cripple. to Sparta, but so detested was he tor suspected cowardice tbat no could not obtain "even a light for his fire," says tbo chronicle, but he repuired his mis- lorluna by heroic valor at 1 lutea. Tbo fighting at Schipka pass has been going on utmost incessantly since August!, liourko, it will bo remem bered, dushed below the Balkan, plac ing a small force at Eski Saghra, an other at Yeni Sagbra, taking easy nog- session of Kezanhk, and penetrating so far southward as to cut in two places the railroad lino which, having its northeantorn terminus at Yamboli, goes west to Philinpoiiolis and sonth to Adrianoplu, ; Tbore appeared to bo no substantial obstabtcs in tbo way ol a march to Constantinople, and tho men in the camp at Kezanlik spont their leisure singing songs, making love to the girls, and sniffing the odor of tho millions of roses whose distilla tion constitutes the chiet Industry of Kcranlik, waiting lor the reinforce ments whose arrival would hasten the movement toward the Bospborus. On July 22, two officers arrived with a commission from the Czar to docorato General (ionrko with the white cross ol St. G 101 go, and to promote Prince Kugcno to tho rank of a general oflieer for his exploit in tbo capturo of Tirno va. Whilo the gayctics following these honors woro in progress, couriers Wore making their way with the news ol the disustor at Plevna, and orders to stop tho advance. It was then ox pectod that the Turks would follow up their advnntago by striking tho Rus sian lines at every available point whilo tho demoralization of tho Plevna defeat continuod : and as Suleiman Pasha with bis fifty thousand regulars irom 3iomencgro uau aireauy joincu Raouf Pasha, it was highly nocossary that Gourko should got his detach ments together, already somowhat loosely distributed. Tho vigor of Su lciman Pasha lorced Gourko out ofi Kski Saghra and Yeni Saghra. and Kezanlik had to bo left to the Turks, who at once fortified it as their south Balkan base. The most extravagant dispatches wcro sent from Constantinople con corning Gourko's retreat. A spocimon telegram has boon discovered signed by tlio kaimakam of Kezanlik declar ing that ho had driven the Russians back into the defiles, and that meas ures were in progress to cut off thoir retreat, un the auto 01 this aispatcn tho Russians wero still in Kezanlik, and tha kaimakam was in jail tbore. I ho greatly superior forco ol aulciman Pasha tell no alternative lor Gourko, however, antl tho numerical weakness of his command was seriously iiitensb fied by sickness among his borscs and men, caused by tho consumption of un ripo crops, llo retreated slowly, and halted on tho southern entrance to tho pass on the first line of intronebmonts. Tlio pass, strengthened by earthworks, constitutes a natural fortress surround- ed by steep duclevilics which make it dangerous and difficult for tha placing of artillery. Tbat the Turks should havo evor permitted such a palhwuy to full, almost without tlio firing of a shot, into tbo hands of tho Russians is one of tbo mysteries of the first period of tho war, and is oxplicublo only as a consistent part of Abdul Kerim's plan, for ho had a plan, which was to let tho Russians distribute themselves as much as possible ; then cut them off Irom a return to tho iiunune and cap ture them by hunger. Tho Turks had erected worKB of earth and stone in the pass, which the Russians havo been able greatly to improve ; and it is these simplo fortifications at tho south ern ontranco of the pass, whose road way is the dry bed of a mountain stream, that enabled them to bold out against tremendous assaults by Suleiman Pasha until tho arrival of Gcnoral Radutzky with reinforcements from Tirnova, which is forty miles north. Tbo Gorman commander who has recently been through the Balkan Worther, was of opinion that tho pass could bo bold indefinitely by 10,000 men. Tho battalions which RsdeUky brought increased the force, defending tho pass to about 25,000, and as the road to Tirnova is opon, there is no reason why as many troops as are necessary shall not go forward. Tho fighting on both sides has been bloody, desnerato. and terrific: the Turks, in thoir determination to repair Abdul Korlm's blunder, have emulated tbo ferocious bravery of Orkhah and the persistence ot the great Mahmond ; and whatever civilization may think of thoir conflicting motives, tho valor of both belliiferunts ontitloe them to tho admiration ol tho world. At last. Suleiman gives up the bono of capturing tho pass from tho south, llo has lodged bis guns on tho woodod slopes that overlook It on either side, and will fortify hit CAmp In the fillago ol Schipka, and will undertake now to repeat the maneuver 01 urnuu got 0 column around by Rain Kol pas CLEARFIELD," PA., (through which the Russians made thoir first Balkan excursion), and throw this force upon the Russian rear, thus surrounding Kadotzky on tour sides. Bold as the plan is, it will take so long to realize it that the Kussiuns will bavo plonty of time to prepare. Hain Koi pass ia a laborious twenty-five-mile march through tho mountains oast and north of Kezanlik. There are only mountain defiles through which to debouch on tho northorn side, and unless the Itussians are imbeciles, Suleman Pasha must join with Mo homet Ali and encounter a Inrge body of Russians from Tirnova before he will be able to pitch a tent in tho vi cinity of Schipka pass on the north. There is a mountain highway from Hain Koi northwest, but it does not lead to Schipka. There is also a nar row road from Kezanlik northeast up to tho heights, through steep and ardu ous lootpaths, to what is known as Koianlik poos, some fiftoen miles east of Schipka. Through these two, Su leiman proposes to( tako men enough to cut off Radotzky from further rein forcements from Gubrova and Tirnova. If he succeeds, bo will have well earn ed bis glory. If he fail, tho death warrant of Abdul Kerim, whose ideas of strategy rendor so perilous an ad venture necessary, will bo quickly written. Chicago Timet. DEATH OF THE PROPHET. CAREF.R OP Till-! MAHOMET Of AMERICA. How he led the Latter-day Saint, to Utah aud Uatabllelied a Theocratic State. APPEARANCE AND HABITS OF Till MAN. Salt Lake City, August 29. Brig ham Young died at 4 p. m. to day. Urigbam Young was born at Vhit- tingham, Vermont, Jtino 1, 1801. In 1831 he lomon tho Mormons nt Kirk- land, Ohio, and soon bocamo influential by his shrewdness and cnorgy, Jlo was one of tho twelve disciples sent ont to make converts in 1H:I5, and on tho death of Joe Smith in Juno, 1811, he was chosen high president and prophet. With most of tlio sect ho uhnndoncd Nnuvoo early in 18-lfl, per suading his followers that Suit Lako City valley was tho promised land, and lounucd thcro in July, IH47, nalt Iake City. In tho spring of 1819, having greatly increased by emigration, they lounucd a Stato called J'escrct, but Congress organized it as tho territory ot Utah, and Young was United States Governor from 18!0 to 1RM. The Mormons having defied tbo federal government, President Buchanan in 1857 sent a force of 2,500 men, undor Albert Sidney Johnson, to enforce Its authority, and in 1858 a compromise was onoctcd. Urigham had twolvo actual wives, bosidoft many who had boon "sealed to him" as his spiritual wives. As the bead of the Mormon church, he was long tin facto Governor of the Territory, and was semi-annually elected President. .Alany ot the crueltios practiced upon emigrants have been laid to bis chargo, ana it is the common bolief that he was tho in-' stigator of the Mountain-Meadows massacre, for complicity in which Bishop Loo was recently shot. The shrewdness with which he has man aged tho affairs of tbo Mormon church have been remarkable. 1 J be I'hiladelphia lime, in alluding to the death of tho great Mormon lead er, soys : Ibe olt-qnotod provorb that tells us to "speak nothing but good of tho dead, is, to our thinking, most im moral. If we are to speak woll of a man whose lile has been a tissuo of crime, because ho is dead, thon ona of tho supports of virtue is withdrawn. It is a false and washy pioce ot sonti mcntalism to ref'uso to draw the truo lesson of a man's life, because that lifu is closed. On the contrary, is is our duty to use overy noblo lilo as a sum ulus and example ; overy wicked 0110 - rt'l... I:il. tl:..l un vtuiiiiiiLt. ,u, 1110 1,1 jjiiuuuiii Young has been ono of imposture, de ceit, solflsh grocd, tyranny, lust and crime; and it is indeed, a public mis fortune that he should havo died calm ly in bis bed, leaving tho outraged law unavenged, his ill gottcn wealth and power unimpaired, and oven his pro phetic impostures and Baintship unex posed. Lvory instanco of successlul villainy persisted In to tha last, and dying rich, honored and worshiped by the woild, or any considerable portion of it, furnishes inducement for others to enter upon such lives. Iloss I weed lying 111 prison is a health-giving spec tacle; Louis Napoleon dying in oxilo is a warning against usurpation; Ung ham Young, dying rich, honored, lull of years, and worshiped as a s,uint, i as bad a lesson as well could bo. J bat ho bad vast abilities none cun deny. He not only had practical worldly wisdom, tbo crnlt of monoy gotting and tho low cunning of the impostor, but ho had a lorgo sugnclty, foresight and prudence, an immenso hold npon the minds nnd affections of his people lie used all theso raro qualities, to es tablish over tho people Of his faith and govornmont, tho most benumbing despotism that tho world has seen for centuries. It Is upon htm that the moral responsibility of tho Mountain- iloadow massacre rests. Hishop l.co, who wns shot, was more immediately concerned in the execution of hideous bntchory; but Brigham Young know of it, and protected tho murderers af ter the crime: not only protocted thorn from punishment by law, but ho retained them as bishops of his church. He ought to bave been tried by tlio laws of the United States for mnrder. He was worse than an accessory be fore and lifter thp fact, It was he who made tho crime possible, llo had in- spired the fiorco, narrow antl bloody fanaticism which led tho Mormon butchers in the name ef religion to strew tho moadows with slaughtered men and womon. . When Bashi-Da-zouks do this, it seems the wild and brutal ferocity of half-civilized muh and a half civilized creed; but Brig bant Young's people woro Euroieans and Americans; it is impossible to be lieve that be was deluded by his own pretentions as a prophet or saint. Uo wan a rank impostor, seitisn, gnwnunrr tyrannizing ovor tbo inula and bodies ol his victims, degrading thoir minds with his superstition their consciences with bis crimes, thoir bodiei with Li lusts. Tbo great tragedy of the death of Brigham Young is tho void it will leave In tho lives of those who believ ed in bim. Doubtless tboy mourn him now as a loss irreparable. To them, perhaps, ho scorned divlno, holy, the representative of God on earth. ' Hit) powerful hand alone haihcld IhcMor mon colony together In the niid.l ol the dangers and difficulties that sur rounded it. Now they are doomed to see it tumble Into wreck and dissolu tion. Tho young mu, Brigham Young'l ion. who Tl to succeed him, cannot wield the sceptre that his fa i ii ' V'. . .', r -1111.1 .1 , ,r. I I : ..." a. -?3CN. ..." "- U ": " - I .,!-.. '. PRINCIPLES, NOT ' WEDNESDAY,- SEPTEMBER 1 9, 1 877. ther bus laid dawn. Tho tide of tho ninotconth century will soon swotp away the structure ot oburou and Statu tbat Brigham Young bad reared upon Bund; and tho great Mormon tomplo at Suit Iiako will soon bo a rec ord of a faith as dead ns that of tho Sphinx, the 11 em of in or tho Parthenon. But tho time must come sooner than that when those who bulioved in Brig ham Young will took back and won der at their own iblindnoss and folly; they will see bim til ho was, no longer a prophet and saint, surrounded by a holy radiance and purity, but a cruel, grasping, bloody, lustful tyrant, who mado thoir lives delusions, tbut he might food fat his own pamporad per sonality. Better, perhaps, tlio fate of thoso who died in their faith than thortowho live to see through its cheap and vulgar imposture. , .: (. 0 nEliOISM OF THE MOHTESE ' ' ' GRINS. ; " '; Wo extract from a sketchy article, by Gladstono, In tbo "Xtnetanth Cen tury," noma remarkably interesting pas sages about MonteucgrOrf We would willingly givo the entire article, but that it is too long lor our pages. , , Whou the Austrian aud Moiitomj grins were fii'hting against tlio Turks, allies of tho French, on a certuin occa sion a handful of men bad to fly lor tueir nvou. two AustriuMt.wcre among them, of whom one had tlio mis fortune to be what is . culled stout. Whon tho party had . run somo way, ho showed sumo signs of extreme dis tress, aud said ho would throw him self on tho ground, and tuko the chances. "Very well," said a fellow tugitivo, "make haslo, say your prayers, make tho sign of tho cross, and I will then cut off your head for you." . As might be expected, this was not ut all tho view of tbo Austrian in his propo sal, and tho friendly ofTer had such an effect upon him, that ho resumed tho race, and reachod a place of safety. Under tho steady rolorniirig lnfluencui which havo now been nt work, for nearly a hundred years, low vestiges of this stato of things probably remain. Hut 1 will dedicate tho duel part ol my remaining spaco to the application of that criterion which is of all others tbo uhurpest and surest ton', ot the con dition of a country namely, tlio idea it has embraced 01 woman, nnu the po sition it assigns to her. ' ' " 1 his is both tbo woak, and tho very weak, and also the strong point of Moiuenegro. i. no women till tlio neius, and may almost bo said to make them ; lor Lady Strangford testifies that she saw various patches ot ground in cut tivntion winch wero leas than throo foot square, and it seems that handfuls of soil are put togother even where a single root will grow. More than tins, over tho great ladder-road between Cettinje and Cnttaro, the women car ry such parcels, bound together, as, be ing over ten pounds in weight, ore too heavy lor the post; and tiopteboviteh records tho Rccminirlv ensv nerlorm- anco of her tark by woman who was the bearer of his large and long port manteau. Consequently,- though tho raco is bcauliiul, and tins beauty may bo soon in very young girls, as women they become short in stature, with harsh and repulsivoTeaturoa. Nor is their social equality recognized, since they Hot only labor but perform menial offices lor the mon. ' One of our au thorities informs, us that tho husband often beats his wifo. Ibis, however, to my knowlcdgo, wne A practice which did uol excito general reuuguanoe. one gonoration back, among the Hellenic nnnoiiiinis 01 (.eiinaioniii. ., Tlio portrait thus set botoro us is sufiiciontly ungainly: let us turn to its more winning features. Crime ol all kinds is rare in Montenegro: Miss Mackenzlo and Miss Irby informs us that in a year the jail had but two prisoners, But tbo crimes, or sins, which have reloreneo to woman, are, whether iu their viler or thoir milder forms, utmost unknown. Neither violation, nor seduction, nor prostitu tion, says Ooptchovitch, uro found in Montenegro. ' Tho old law of tho country punished all unchastity with death a law ol which there seem to bo traces also in Bulgaria. Every where tbo purity and modesty of tho maiden enjoy an nbsHuto respect; and a woman in every defile, overy ham lot ol Teornagora, is a perfect escort tor the traveler. Moreover, even tho French writer to whom 1 am so much indebt ed, and who seems toview this matter through a pair of Parisian spectacles, candidly admits that the Montenegrin woman is qnito satisfied with her stato. If the condition of tho women was not Parisian, neither, it may bo truly said, was that of tho man. , i Tho women havo tho same passion ate attachment with tho men to funii- ly and country, nnd display much of iho same valor, uoptchovitoh snp plies two most remarkable examples, A sister and four brothers, the four of course ail armed, aru matting a pilgrim age or excursion to a church. . Tbo state of war with the Turk being nor mal, we need not wonder when wo learn that they are attacked unawares on their way, in a pass where they pro ceed in single file, by seven armod Turks who announced themselves by shooting dead tho first of tho brothers, nnd dangerously wounded tho second. Tho wounded man lenns against tho rack, and, though he receives another and fatal shot, kills two of the Turks bclnro ho tlicB, Tho sister presses for ward, and grasps his rifle aud his dng gcr. At last all are killed on both side, excepting herself and a single Turk. Who . asks for mercy and lie promises it but names her maidenly honor as tho prieo. Indignant, and perceiving Hint now ho is oil his guard. sho stabs hun with tho dagger. Ho tears it from her hand, they eloso, and sho dashes tho wretch rrvcr tho pi eel- pleo into tlio yawning urptn below. , The sertniiil nnecdolo is not less sin? gular. .Tidings rench A Montenegrin wife that nor busbuiid bus just been 1 slain by a party under tho command of a certain nga. Knowing tlio rond by which they are travelihg, she seizes a ride, islioosesber posilion, ami shoots llo Aga dead. .Tbo rest of the party tako to . flight. . Tho wilii of tho dead nguicnila her un epistle. . 'Thou hast robbed mo of both my oyva.' Thou art' n genuine daughter of Tscrnagor. Come to-morrow alone to the border line and we will prove br trial which of m was the bolter wile." ThoTsern agorino appeared, equipped with the nruio of the doad aga, ana aloue as oho was invited. Hut tlio lurltiBli woman had thought prudenco the heller part of valor, and brought an armed cham pion with her, who charges nor on horseback. , Sho shot him dead as ha advanced, and, aaiaing aw faithless an . Isgonbit, boirod bnr and took her homo, kopt bar as a nnraomaid for fourteen years, and then lot beg go back to her place and people. Pet and 'law,1 - S ; m.- t' I 1 . Jle bvnoflts himself llikt sloth good toothers. j a n i f EP men, : !. ;; ,i ; PEACH CULTURE. . ' RAI'UI I1UOWTU OF THE INDUSTRY- Thirty five yours ago the cultivation 01 poaches lor the markets was un known in Delaware and Maryland Only in certain sections of Now Jersey was tins interest looked upon as ot any importance - There were somo five or six orchards in Burlington county and a few in Gloucester county, Most of; tho fruit from -these orchards was brought to Philadelphia in large market wagons and sobl by tbo growers direct ly to consumers. Philadclphinng woro not then such fruit eaters as they are now, ami this limited Bupply, together with tho yield ot the natural trees which grew in many gardens in. the city, was sufficient lor the demand. A few years later, whon, by means of rapid transportation the Iruit could be got to market tn a tresh and appotizing condition, the demand increased enor mously and the peach groworsoi Now Jersey began to reap a.jricb reward. The cultivation ot peaches ns a business grew Into great importance. Among the first who looked to Delaware as a promising field for tho cultivation of pouches was Mr. ltidgewsy, an eminent 1 hiladclpbia merchant, becuring tbo aid of a successful Now Jersey growor named Kocves, together they purchas ed a tract of land on the Delaware river, just holow Delaware City, upon which thoy planted about four thous and trees, At that tui.ro tins was look ed upon as an immenso orchard. 1 hoy received a profitable return from their investment, but Mr. Ridgewny was far advanced .in year and bad already amassed a great lortnne and did riot push tho cultivation of peaches to any great extent and Mr. Hooves' moans did not permit bim to do so. Conse quently, Messcrs. Ridgeway and Rcovcs arc now generally known only as tho pioneers of ponnh culture in Delaware. There lived near Delaware City at the lime thut Messrs. ltidgoway . aud Reeves wore muking their experiments an enterprising Pennsylvaniun, Major Philip Reybobl, well advanced In lift nnd in good financial circumstances. Ho had always been a kocn speculator, aud had muda a Biuall fortune ss a con tractor in digging a section of tho Del aware and Chesapeake Canal.' Ho readily learned tholessonwhich Messrs. Ridgewny and Reeves' experiment taught, ami inducing his sons, John, liaincy, William Philip, Clayton and Anthony, to purchaso lunds, which at that timo woro selling at very low prices, they all engaged In the cultiva tion Af poaches. In A fow years in the markets of Philiidolphia, Baltimore, Now York and Boston, tho names of Reybohl and ptuiuho swunod to bo al most synonymous terms. The Messrs. Reybold hud in tlio aggregato upwards ol forty thousand peach trees growing on their fnrms, and tho fritit from this number- of trees nearly . supplied tha niarkoi -at that time. ' It . was said of them that they instruct ed their agents in Now York and Phil adelphia to throw all the fruit into the rivur which they could not sell ntiove certain price.', and on one memorable occasion In " Now York, when ; tha Mountaineer arrivod lato ono Saturday at thut port, tho peach bnyors formed a combination by which they cxpoctod' to buy tho fruit at very low prices, knowing tbat the steamer would be fully loadedr Tbe-MajoT""domanded twonty-tivecotits a basket; the bnyors ollorcd fifteen. . .Neither side would yield. Tho Mountaineer drew out in to the Blrcniu,.iiiidliu. Alujur dumped his whole cargo into tho Hudson. , Alter engaging most successfully in the cultivation of peachos oround Del aware City, for upwards of fifteen years, tho Messrs. lieybold woro as tonished to find that their lands wonld no longer produce healthy poach traos, and orchards upon which had been bestowed t lie dome caroand good man agemont which had characterized the productions of such fine poach crops in tho past relused to licnr marketa ble crops. From about 1856 to 18(3 even tho largest and bealthiost orchards of this section boro no fruit, and even now peaches do not do well on these lands that onco woro renown ed ns tho greatest peaeh-producing lands of tho country. O! tho many who, lod by tbo success of tha Messrs. lieybold to engage in peach culture, few, if any, failed to moot with tho same experience, and for a tim6 It was pretty generally believed that poaches could not suooesstully be grown in Now Castle county. . Nor was this pe culiar to Delaware, il'lio rinino had been tho result in New Jersey, and soctions- of country ot New Jersey which hud grown most magnificent peaches failed tun or twelve years in succession to produce any marketable f loaches, and even now nono but tho uto varieties thrive and do well in that Stato. , ,1 1. .,,,. .1 1 , After several years, during which timo peach culture wus but of small importance, tho success of the Messrs. VBndegrllt on small farms on the sonth sideol St. Augustine croekn small stream emptying .into tlio Delaware river at a point about five miles below Delaware City in producing a succes sion of good crop" attracted tho atten tion of tlio neighboring land owners, and soon nearly evory Innd owner in St. George's Hundred planted mora or less lurgely with lunches. From a small orchard of not cxiccding two thousand trues ill'. M- umlugrill sold during the sensou nf 18r.t-fi2GdG.And li.i upwards or s,nu baskets or mi it nnnnnlly, nt prices ranging from 1.1 down to I1.5U per baskot, nnd he real ized a profit ol upwards ol fiO.HW for the sale of peaches from this smull or chard. His success demonstrated the fact Hint at least lands upon whirh peach trees had not already been grown could bo generally rvliad upon to pro duce peaches. - une farmer mane In 1 863, olonr of all expenses, (1,(00 from four acres of laud, Anolhor man, a laborer, who by thrill contrived to purchase A litllo pTacrJ of ton acres, lor which ho paid,' tor house and lnd, about ICOfl, planted the land in puaohos and gathered from it upwards of IJ.0U0 annually for sev eral years. Men who had been indif ferent (armors engaged in peach culture and grew, suddenly rich. Xh brilliant successes of different peach growers created in tho munis ol tho Iiolawara nnd Maryland land owners the impies sion t bat peaches wonld prove for many years to bo a most profitable crop, and us a result every ooclion of till penin sula, which comprises Delaware, tho eastern shores ol Maryland and of Vir giuiu, is mors or loss interested in tho cultivation of peachos, and, it. may safely be calculated that there are now growing on that peninsula upwards of ti,ow,(MrV pencil trees." i he resnit 01 planting; this immense namberof peach I rocs has been most disastrous, ana vnrv inaiiv farmers have been finan- clnlly ruined by It. ' ' "' ' "" 1 ' But very few of the many thousands Who luxuriate in the' limoioue peach have anything likes proper conception BMC AN. 'i-aisu NEW of the amount bt labor and capital re quired to grow poaches. Young poach orchards are cultivated as thoroughly as corn-fields by the succosslul growers, In fact, tho orchards are planted by the Delaware and Maryland farmers with corn and receive the same cultivation for two years. . Tbo third year throo rows of corn are sometimes planted be tween tho rows ot poacbos, which are usually twenty feet apart, but after the orchards come Into bearing no othor crop can be grown upon the ground, lot as long as the orchard lives it ro quires cultivation and lurtilizing. In Delaware and Maryland there are upwards of 60100 acres of land undor pouch trees. 1 bis land is the boat on tho peninsula, estimated to be worth $50 per aoro, or f.'l,000,000. To ship this fruit requires 2,000,000 of baskots, ornearly tbat many, which costs?5ll, 000. - The money invested in necessary implement lor cultivating and slii- ping tho peaches to market is estima ted at 810 for every 100 trees, 01 $600,000. Tho cultivation of peach orchurds and tbe picking of the Irnit gives employ mont to upwards of 25,000 htborors. Tbo growing to maturity of a peach orchard requires tbo expendi ture ot at least 130 per acre, or upwards ot wI,8UtMHiU on the orchards of Dels ware and Maryland. Nearly 10,000,- 000 of capital are now invostod by theso growers in poach culture. Among the heavy consumers of poaches during the season are the canncrs. This industry uses annually many thousand baskets of choice fruit. In Bnltimoro tho can- ners are the principal buyers in the market 1 but, alter all, the great bulk ol poacbos are oaten - from the band, And in past seasons it has boon found that, however great tho supply of good peaches was, there was always domand enough for thorn to effect sales at somo price or other, of all that wore offered on tho markat, . And it bos boon only the poor and worthless fruit which has ocen thrown away. iVuM. jimc!. O HMAN PASHA IDENTIFIED. PARTICULARS OF Ills STRANGE CAHEZH. The brilliant defense ol Plevna by Oman Pasha has attracted mtich atten tion to that great Turkish general, and tlio press has been making an effort to penetrate the moognito which be has assumed.' At first it was thought that it was Marshal liazaino, of r ranee, who bad redeemed at Plevna tho laur els lost at Motz. That unfortunate sol dier wns found quietly lying 'midst the orange grovos of Spain with his devot ed wile and family.. Tbo more proba ble report that followed, indicating that Osman Pasha is an American by tho name of U. Clay Crawford, seems woll sustained by corroborative testimony. According to telegrams recently pub liohod, L.B. WickVitt'UjOf ML Washing ton, Ky, and General Joseph B. Reyn olds, of Chicago, have both had letters from the American adventurer In Turk- oy under the title ot Osman Pasha. Any way, tbe innniry of -Baltimore Gazette reporter into tbo history of v rtwlnnl, who tor a time real (loo in Chostortown and edited a Republican newspaper, unfolds a tale of ad von tu re which would only be appropriated cap ped by his appearance upon the victo rious battle-huld of Plevna.' . Tho information received as to the antecedents of Crawford show that bis father was a school teacher In Rogem- ville, Tcnn., where tho future pasha wus born. About the year 1853, when on the threshold of manhood, be was appointed a cadet at West Point by An drew Johnson, then a member ol Con gress from Tennessee. , At tho institute he was a quick and apt scholar, and was among tlio highost of his class. Tbore, on tho ore of gradnatihg, -ho was ox pellod for stealing, llo wandered about and the breaking out of the war found bim in Illinois, lie unlisted as a private in one of tho Illinois regiments; then enlistefl a battery ot artillery in East Tennossoe, nnd was promoted step by stop, for bravery in aotion until he had attained the rank of colonel. In tbis capacity bo led a raid through his na tivo town of Rogorsvillo. At tho close ofttiowar ho' entered tho liberal ser vice In Mexico, bnt lor some reason he was compelled to leave that service af ter ho had gained the rank ot major general. Ho came back to this country, bringing with him a largo quantity of Mexican bonds and more available funds. In the year 18C8 ho appeared At Philadelphia with plenty of money, And purchased the Levering property, which lies between tho Delaware rivur And Neshuming creek in Bausalera township, Bucks county, fourteen miles above Philadelphia. - The beautiful mansion on the place is directly oppo site Koveriy, New Jersey. He moved here with his wife, a beautiful and ox collcut lady, bis father-in-law and a Mexican body-servant, llo purchased a yacht, "the Plover, "and a fast horso, "the Andalnstic," and spent money freely.' :Uo purchased the neighboring I'axton property, and placed Major Pol ton, of Jiew York, his fatlior-in-lnw, In chnrgo. ' Theso two properties cost bim about H0,000. He ontercd politics and toon baoame fary influential in Bucks county, - Uo was tbcu a Democrat, wore a big sombrero, and claimed to bo overy inch a Southerner. Ho talk od of gottig np an expedition for Cuba, bnt his meuns began to disappear, and he sold ilia property, and in his steam yacht bo started ont anow to fresh fields ol adventure. In tho latter part of 18G9 ho arrived nt Chestortown, Kent 'county, in his yacht, and decided at once to locate there.; .Jle bought the old Chambers mansion in that town for 15,000, and put fS,000 worth of improvcmonU up on It, Ho cntcrtn'nicd in princely stylo, antl society soon began to cultivate bim and his wifo, 'The latter gained the ostoem of ovory ono, and whenever any question as to Crawfbrd'g antecedents sprang up In tho presence of her gentle nnd ludy-like deportment all suspicions were quieted. She evidently bad both fuilh and confidence in her husband and Boomed devotedly attached to him. His bouso was tho scene ot continued festivities, whilo bis yacht was every day upon tho Chosaiako with ploas nut cxuursioa parties, composed of the host people of historio Kent. Embar rassments came upon him. His place was mortgaged, bis horses sold and his yacht no more plied the waters of the bay. Jia then started the photograph business and tbe manufacture of ink and porltimerya llo also started a faro bank, which, by tho way, many of the sons of Konl well remember, lie then wont into politicsto retrieve his broken fortunes, Jfo was thon an advanced Republican And began at once to manouvre so as to' obtain Influence ovor thd colored people just enlran- cbishod. lie managed so well as to con trol the party not only in Kent bat throughout the peninsula. He went Iron place to place, speaking to tho colored peoplo, and excited the onmlty ot tbe whites by his extreme and vio lent horanguos. lie started a papoi called , the .Freeman't Journal , and through Its columns sensed and alary. M per usiuunTiT uiUuZ SERIES - V0L. 18, NO. 37. dored the leading men of the county to sncb an extent that bis porsonal safety was ondangorod. Ho wont about well armed and scorned to care nothing for tbe threats made against bim. During tho Torbort campaign bis house was tho boauquartors ol tho Republican party and he had for his guests tho most prominont mon of that party from Baltimore and other portions of the stale. . .notwithstanding all bisenorts, old Kent wont Democratic. He still kopt np his abuse of the people, until one day a visitor to (Jhestertown, see ing Crawford, said, "I know that man. He was once in the penitentiary at Richmond under my charge." Tbe gonoral, as ho styled himself; kept up a bold front until the proofs were re ceived that be bad boon convictod in a federal court in Virginnia lor robbing the mails and sent to the penitentiary, from which place in a few weeks he escaped. Governor Walker was ap pealed to to take slops to bave bim re turned to prison, but during the pro- ceeadiugs a compromise was ctlected, the general promising to leave tbo state, which he shortly afterward did. His wife returned.to her father and Craw ford sought service in tbe army of tbe Khedive of Egypt, and it is thought was transferred to the Turkish army. 1x9 is now about lorty-soven years ot ago, near six lect in height, weighs about two hundred pounds and is sym metrically built lie bos black hair and beard, a bright eye and an intelli gent oounlenace. His courage is un qestionable, and he bears npon bis body a number of scars received in the front of battle and in private frays. His conversational powers are excellent, and bis manners those of a high-toned and educated gentleman. He is thor oughly unscrupulous, and while in Kent ho would stop at nothing to ac complish a purpose. Ho impressed all who mot In in a a man ot remarkable ability. : Those who knew him tn Maryland express no surprise at bear ing that under the name of Osman Pasha he fought the fight at Plevna. On the contrary, thoy say that it is just hat might be expected ot bim. Hon. Honry R. Torbot, of Cecil, in whose campaign for Congress Craw ford took an active part, suid to a re porter of tho Gazette that in 18G8 he wont over to Chestortown to speak on the stump with General Crawford, and stopped at his bouse for a week, during which time be was sumptuously enter tained, Mrs. Crawford was apparent ly ft lady entitled to rospoct, and she has to this day tlio good opinion of tbose who mado hor acquaintance in Kont. Gcnoral Crawford bad a steam launch called "The Tennessee." Ho assaulted Hon. George Vickers bitter ly, and that gentleman exposed tho fact on the slump that bo bad been expell ed from West Point tor stealing, and published a history of his career in a Chostortown pnpor. Gon. Crawford espoused tbe cause of tho down-trodden aud oppressed because thoy had just boon given votes, uo was a most gitt- od man, and hod passed through re markable adventures. lie displayed a ailvcr-moanled saddle he bod receiv ed from Maximilian, and a largo quan tity of Mexican bonds. Uo wonld fre quently give a vivid description ot the capture of Bagdad on tho Rio Grande, by troops nnder bis command, lie had fled from Mexico and oponod a gaming house in Philadelphia. Ha not only started a newspaper but bo manu- lacturod ink and portumery. ben bis power press arnved Irom Baltimore be set it np himself, and he set np all tbo composition on his paper, llo bad no help on the paper but a small colored boy. Gonoral Vickers succeeded in ex posing him, and ho left Chostcrtown, returning to Philadelphia, where he es tablished a faro bank. Mr. Torbort said that Crawford was capsblo ot do- ing many things. He was an able speaker and writor, and was a brilliant talker, so that bo deceived them all. Captain W.I). llurcbinal, deputy col lector, stated to the reporter that bo know urawlord well, llo resided in Chostortown about three years and for a time wielded considerable influonco in Kont llo could talk to a physician about modicine, to a lawyer about law and to a preacher on theology. U is attainments woro varied and Lis abili lies of such a character as to enable him to do most anything. For a time ho was respected, but bis gaming and wild habits and loose financial transac tions soon brought him to grief. He was satisfied ol what bo knew ot the man tbat thoro was nothing inconsis tent in tbe theory tbat he is Osman Pasha. INTERNATIONAL EXHIBI TION. ITS PA8T, PRESENT, AND FUTURE. When, on November 10. 1870, the curtain full upon tbe glorious t 'en ten nial Exhibition, thoso present on that august and memorable occasion feared that the beautiful, one might almost say magical, creation, in tlio varied de lights of which thoy had been reveling for months, had vanished forever. How poignant then came tho regret that so many nnparalleled opportunities for instruction had passed by unheeded ; that so many multiform objects of beau ty and ot esthetic charm wore to bo numbered among the things ot tho post; that all that splendid ingather ing of the world's skill, art, and cun ning handicraft wero to be numbered among tho things of tho past, and all vanish "liko tho baseless fabric of a vision." Even at tbe very timo, bowover, the projection of its worthy successor, tho present more permanent Exhibition, bad bcon conceived in thoughtful minds. The great Conlennial Exposition, whoso matchless creations and attractions had astonished two hemispheres, em brand such surpassing mants, so many clustering memories, and so many in structive features which ministered to mnn's best culture and olovation, thai they wore promptly bidden to sUy ith us, end all tbis wealth of beauty to "becomo a joy forever." It was but a brief period thereafter, that tho pleasing announcement was heralded fur and near that a permanent International exhibition was to spring from the ashes of a doad past ; that all tho prominent and attractive features of our World's Fair were to be retained ; tbat the lame spirit of devotion, of oolf sAcrifleo, and of wondrous porsislenco. which, in spite of overy obstacle and discouragement, had brought if out ot nothing to such a glorious future and to such a triumphant conclusion, wore engaged in behalf of tlio new enterprise. lb ib not ai an nueeiwuiry in una con nection to say anything additional con cerning the late Centennial Exhibition. Its memories are hallowed, and it is now enshrined in the affections nf mil lions ol the American people. No in fluence can offace the pride, pleasure, and satisfaction with which it was seen, studied, and enjoyed. A whole nation roeo to call it blest It will endure throughout tbe lifetime of tbe genera tion which saw It, and knew it, as a hoautiful, patriotio, and cherished mem ory. The lesson taught by it wore of inestimable value. It placed before our own people, as a icbool for their inttruction, A display vast and varied beyond til precedent, comprising the industries of the world, and including almost every product known to science and to Art. It taught ni in what line of art and industry others excel ns, and thus had a constant tendoncy to excite onr Ambition And to stimulate our skill. Exhibitions have become an estab- bjlUj?or in vnnAnrn nivltivfltirin fr impossiUlu .ut luo' iiuu.e ,eei2 grasp overy division of knowledge. ilonco universities, libraries, and lec tures, are now practically open to all ; but tlio greatest system of what may bo called eye or object duco.Uoo. ijira . , pliod in the one word exhibition. Tho South Kensington Museum ot Eng land, for instance, with its elevating and quickening influence permeating lurougn an classes ot society in -England, is, beyond all question, the most powerful instrument towards the ac quisition of general knowledge in that country. It was but tbe offspring of the great World's Fair of 1851, and was established for the beneficent pur- fiose of prcsoving and keeping for pub ic inspection and study the more prom, inont and important instructive objects and processes which bad only been casually examined by so many; the mighty achievement of science, art, and industry, already forgotten, and the innumerable productions of human in genuity, which should have been but were not made familiar to all. With the same nobis and comprehensive pur pose in view, the projoet of a Perman ent International Exhibition was con ceived, and In spite of tbe many and great difficulties in tbe path of the en terprise, tbe disturbed condition of business and finance all over tho land, and tbo usual misapprehensions which beset all such schemes, tbo Interna tional Exhibiton Company secured their charter, and succeeded in obtain ing sufficient capital for their mighty project, and day by day the labor of refitting the splendid structure for its now varied uses, rearranging courts and pavilions, receiving new exhibits, and rehabilitating the old ones which were to be retained, so rapidly pro gressed that on tho 10th of May, 1877, the first anniversary of the formal open ing of tbe Centennial Exhibition and tbo day fixed for tbe opening of the now Exhibition, everything was in per fect readiness for tbe triumphant in augural. It was wisely decided to concentrato the entire Exhibition nndor one roof, and for that purpose the Main Exhibi tion Building was purchased from the Centennial Commission. By this means that utter prostration of physical ener gies which nearly every ono of ns ex perienced during tho Centennial, in en deavoring to grasp within our mental vision tho innumerable objects or inter est scattered throughout the many buildings all ovor the grounds, obviated. Here, within tho compose of ono build ing, have been collected tho choicest and the most prominent of all tho rare exhibits that graced tho Centennial. Tho experience gained lost year was taken advantage Ol, and overy effort mado to remedy the many defects so palpable in the previous arrangements. In a word, by utilizing the vast ma chinery set in motion by the Centen nial, and by improving and modifying tho details wherever found nccossary, a Permanent International Exhibition was inaugurated, entirely worthy of tho now departure which our nation took when it entered upon the second century of its existence. Exhibition Bulletin. - UNITY OF CREATION. All the revelations of soienco go to demonstrate tbe unity of creation, and the arrangement of its various king doms into an organ io whole, with in termediate gradations, by which one kingdom passes insensibly to another. Tbe human frame itself is composed of organisms of various degrees of fine ness, from the delicate substances of the brain down to hard and almost lifeless bone, and they are interwoven one with another in the most marvel ous manner. All animals are like men in structure and physiological luno tions. Vegetables resemble animals in various respects. They bave in a modified way an arrangement of parts, and a digestion, circulation and respi ration like tbat of animals. Minerals spontaneously crystallize into forms omniating those ot vegetables, lhey make np tho substances ot vegetable matter, and through it help to compose tbo animal frame. Nor was It an al together unreasonable fancy which saw in this great globe Itself, with its ceaseless motion and flux and reflux of forces, a living animal. The evapora tion of its waters, thoir descent in snow and rain, and their return in countless brooks and rivers to tbo ocean, are the circulation of its blood ; the winds that sweep over it are its breath of lifo ; and tho silent decay and renewal which go on npon its surface its waste and digestion, Tho distinction, again, between solids, liquids and gases is one of degree, and not of kind. A littlo more or a littlo less heat is ali that makes tho difference botween them, and mattor is constantly passing from one of thoso forms into another. The forces of nature, too, we now know to be but modifications of one common forco hont, light, electricity, rnagnot ism and chemical affinity being mutu ally interconvertible. 'Ibe waves of air which produce sound are paralleled on the one sido by tho circles which a stone makos when thrown into still water, and on the othor by tbe vibra tions of an invisihlo medium which reaches to tlio stars, and constitutes the vehicle of light. The phenomena of electricity, magnetism and gravita tion point to tlio existence of a yet subtle fluid, tbo characteristics of which are still undiscovered. Since, therefore, the wbolo universo, as seen by the aid ot aciunco, reveals a common plan, it is unreasonable to draw the line at a par. ticular point and say that here that plan ends and something distinctly dif ferent begins its sway. Is it not more philosophical to concludo that the world beyond the grasp of the physi cal senses resembles that within it, that tho soul is like the body in con struction and operation, and that it is affected by agencies similar to those by which tlio body is affected, than to suppose everything ol a spiritual na ture to be so completely discriminated from tho rest of orontion that we can form no conception of it f North Amer ican Review. Dyino or Starvation. The editor of the Madras Times, wbo is a member of tho Ruliof Committee, writes undor date of Aug, 1, as follows: "Tho pop ulation in South India, more or loss af flicted by famine, numbors 24,000,000. In tbe most Invorable circumstances at least one-sixtb of the people will die. The famine is nnmeosurebly greater than was that in Bengal, in Madras no camp of 3,000 rises morning aflor morning without leaving 80 corpses. I n the interior the distress is most foar tnl. One gentleman passing down valley in the Wyraad district counted 20 dead bodios on ths road. A 00 (Tee. planter seeking shelter from the rain in a hut found six decomposing corpses in it. On any day and every day mothers mny be seen in ths streets of Madras ottering their children foraalo. whilo the foundling portion ot the poor house is full ot inlanls found by tbe police on the roads deserted by thoir parents. Bines the famine commenced 600,000 people have died of want and dislroat. Tbe first big tragedy may be expected in Mysore. In that Frovl nence, indeed, information bas reached me from Bangalore ol two cases of oon nibnllsm already."
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