B
TUB
" CLEARFIELD BEFCBLICAN"
OOODLANDER & LEE,
CLEARFIELD, FA.
ESTABLISHED III let..
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ir paid la adeanea, or wHkia I moalka....e OO
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YEARLY ADVERTISEMENTS'.
I io.r. 00 I column ..! 00
liuaraa.w, on I onlutna.. TO 00
I (BarM.H to 00 I 1 column.. 110 00
0. B. OOODLANDER,
NOEL B. LEE,
Publishers.
(tax Hi,
I (n PRINTING OF EVERY DESCRIP
I lloa aaetle altaatad at tola aflna.
s,
T. BROCKBANK,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
CLEARFIELD, PA.
Ofltct b Court Hotm. ftp W.TT-lj
WM. M. MflCUlLouea,
rain.o'i bitcv.
McCl'LIiOl'Gn & BUCK.
ATTO RNEYS-AT-LA W,
Clearfield, Pa.
All legal bu.lne.l promptly attended ta. OBoa
oa Beooud atraat, la tba Alaaooio buildiag.
Janl,'7r
vv. c "a r6i7d,
LAW COLLECTION OFFICE,
CURWENSVILLE,.
aid Claarflald ConntJ, P.an'a. 76
thos. a. hurra, craua ooRitoa.
MURRAY k GORDON,
ATTORNEY8 AT LAW,
CLEARFIELD, PA.
SF-Offic la Pia'i Opera IlottM, ifeoad loor.
9.3VU
F R A N K FIELDING,
ATTOBNEY-AT-LAW,
Cleartteld, Pa.
Wt II Attend to all bulnM ntntatwl to bin
promptly d faithfully. orlf 7B
WILLIAM at. W1LLACI
ABBT r. WALLACB.
HATID L- IN KM.
JUUlf W. WRILBT.
WALLACE 4. KREBS,
(Bamiiuri to WaIIam A Ft aiding,
ATTORNKYB-AT-IjAW,
11.13-71 Clearfield, Pa.
lonara . a'ai ally.
d axial w. H'ouanr,
McENALLY & MoCUEDY,
ATTOKNEYS-AT-LAW,
Cleartteld, Pa.
f"LK' bttnlneni attcndml to promptly withj
1ithty. umea on Baeono atraet, aimiv in rtrai
VAtiontU BAnk. Jab:1:7
G. R. BARRETT,
Attorney and Counselor at Law,
clkarkikld, pa.
Hat Ing rooirnod hit JiKifraih.p, baa rcaamad
tha pr Act Ice of the lw to hi old ottca At Claar
filil, Pa. Will AltAod theoourtnof Jeffertoa and
Klk oountle when upecinlly rataiaod in connect. on
with raaldfnt eouoaal. 1:14:71
ATTOUNEY-AT-LAW,
Rl KitaUi and Collodion Agent,
C'l.EARFIBl.O. PA.,
Will promptly Attend to all Ica1 buaioaaa aa
(mated to nil aio.
r-Offioa in Pia'a Opora Uoata. JadI'TH.
H. W. SMITH,
A TTORN E Y-AT-LA W,
I 1:1:73 (.'learUeld, Pa.
WALTER BARRETT,
ATTORNEY AT LAW.
Clearlrld, Pa.
J-tr-OSo. In Old Weltern Hotel building,
afirnrr of Second and Markat St.. (aorSI.00.
ISRAEL TEST,
ATTOBNKY AT LAW,
Clearfield, Pa.
-O0iee la tbe Coart Hoaae. Jj 1 1,'T
JOHN H. FULFORD,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
Clearfield, Pa.
r- Office on ktataet atrt, opp. Court lluaaa,
J.a. I, U74.
JOHN L. CUTTLE,
ATTORNEY AT LAW.
nd Baal ICatala Agfnt. ClaarUeld, Pa.
Ollln. oa Tbird ilraal, bal.Charrj 4 Walaai,
aWrRaiaaelfally offara bla aaralea. la aalllag
tad bayia, laada In Olaarflald aad adjoining
taaatlaa aad with aa aaparlanaa ol oaar (waata
.an aa a anrrayor, lattara btmaalf tbat ba aaa
.aadaraall.raattoa. IFab. H:':lf,
J. BLA K E WALTERS,
REAL ESTATE BROKER,
ARP VRALRR IH
Saw IjO nud Ijimibor.
OLKAKFIKLD, PA.
OSea la Grabata'a Row.
1:34:71
J. J. LINGLE,
ATTORNEY - AT - LAW,
1:11 ObtmU, ClearOald Can Pa. y:pd
j. S. BARN HART,
ATTORNEY . AT LAW,
Bellcfonta. Pa.
Will pnutloa in Clurt.ld aad all af tba Coarti of
tha Satb Jodiatal dtatnoL Kcal aflala baaiaaat
and aollaotloa of alaima nada ipeaialtlaa, al'71
DR. W. A. MEAN 8,
PHYSICIAN k 8TJKGEON
LUTIIERSBURO, PA.
Will attaad profaaalonal aalla proaiptlj. aagl070
dr! t. j. boyer,
PHYSICIAN AND SO RO EO N
Offloa aa Markat Straat, Claarlcld. Pa.
0fO koara: I to U a. ai , aad 1 to I p. .
D
R R. M. BCIIEURER,
HOMEOPATHIC PUVSICIAN,
OAoa la ratid.aea aa Markat ft.
April It, U7I. ClaarO.ld, Pa.
DR. J. P. BURCH FIELD,
Lam Sargooa of tho 83d Riglnent.Penntylrania
Volantteri. hAving rataroed from tho Amy,
fferi hit profoiaioDAl torTleoa to thotjltltoot
orcUArflold aooniy.
HfrProfaialoBAl aalli proaaptly atUaded to.
Offlea ob aoooad atraat, foraiarlyooiMiplad by
br.Woodi. tP'.'4'
DR.H. B. YAN VALZAH,
t l.KARPIail.il, PKNM'A.
OFFICE IN MASON1CBUILD1NO.
ft- OBoa koara-FroB II to 1 P- M.
May II, 1070.
WILLIAM M. HENRY, Jurtice
or to a Paica aaa Sraiaaaaa, LUMBER
CITY. Collaetloni nada and aioaay proaiptly
paid orar. Artlcl.l of airaoraaat aad doada a I
eoa? ayanoa Matly aaacatad aad arraatod aar
root or ao abarg aJJy'7a
jTmES H. LYTLE,
In Kralirr-a BaJlaiuc tlaarEald, P.
r.lr la Oraaaiiaa, Prof laloaa, VagaUklaa,
Praiu, liar, Paad, ala., ata.
aprlf7a-ll
HARRY BNYDKK,
BARBER AMD BAIRDREK1RR
Shop oa Markat apporlta Ooart Hoaaa.
A alaaa towal for arary aaatoaiar.
Alaa aaaaafaelarar of
All Klnda af Auk Ira 1a Haaaaa Hair.
Claarll.ld, Pa. ay It, '70.
JOHrTD. THOMPSON,
Jaillaa af tka Pcaaa aad rVrWaart,
CarwrRiTllla, Pa.
vtyCalkatloM aad aad awaay proaipUy
paid car. fabll'lltf
JOHN A. flTADLKR,
BAKER, Markat St., Charted, Pa.
Fr..k Bmd, lark, Rnlla, Plaa aad Caka.
4 Waad ar aiad. to ard.r. A frnaral aaaarlraaat
of CfifaeUonari.., Pralt. aad Nata la atoek.
Ira Ctnr) aad OyMart In a.wa. Raloo ararly
aaaoalit Ika PnatLalra. Prlna paarrata.
n-b 10 '71.
CLEARFIELD
GEO. B. Q00DLANDEB, Proprietor.
VOL. 51-WHOLE NO.
CartU.
JWMTICBS dk CONaTAni.BH FEKR
Wa bara prlntad a larca aainbar af tka bow
tit BILL, and will aa tba raoaipt af twaaty
Ora aaata. aiail a oonv to any addraaa. atrtl
RICHARD HUGHES,
JUSTICE OF THE PEACE
roa
Otcnlur Toxrnthip,
Oaaaola Mills P. O.
All oflelal kaslnara tntraatad la hlaa will ka
promptly attandad tu. iaeli29, '70.
FRANCIS COUTRIET,
MERCHANT,
Preuchvllla, Claarflald County, Pa.
Kaapl aoniuntly oa band a fall aaaartmant of
Dry uood., llardwara, urooonaa, ana avarytBing
aaaaJiy k.pt ta a ratal! Mora, wbiob will aa aoia,
for eaab, aa ekaap a. alnwbara in tba aoanty.
Franohrilla, Jan. 17, 187-ly.
THOMAS H. FORCEE,
DBtLBB IR
GENERAL MERCHANDISE.
fiRAHAMTON, Pa.
Alaa, aitanalva B.nufaotnrar and daalar In Sqaara
Tioabar and aawad Lnmbarof all klaua.
JM-Ord.r. aoltoitrd and all bill, promptly
lied. jjl'7J
REUBEN HACKMAN,
Mouse and Sign Painter and Paper
Hanger,
CIcarBfld, Pean'a.
Vw-WIII axaoata job. in kit Una promptly and
to a workmanlika mann.r. afr4,67
G. H. HALL,
PRACTICAL PUMP MAKER,
NEAR CLEARFIELD, PKNN'A.
Pnmpi alwayi ob hand and made to order
an abort not loo. ripca oorea on reason ad u lermi.
All work warranted to render lAtlifActton, And
JelWored if deaired.
nyl&:lypd
E. A. BIGLER & CO.,
BBALBRa IB
SQUARE TIMBER,
and ttaaalaoturara of
ALL KINDS OK 8AWKII IX'Mlll'.K,
7'7I CLEARFIELD, PRNN'A.
JAS. B. GRAHAM,
dealer la
Real Estate, Square Timber, Boards,
8UINOLE3, LATH, A PICKETS,
0:1071 Clrarll.ld, Pa,
WARREN THORN,
HOOT AND 8I10K MAKER,
Market t., Cltarflald, Pa.
Ib tha abop lately aocopl.d by Frank Rbort,
ono door weal of Alleghany liouae.
ASHLEY THORN,
ARCHITECT, CONTRACTOR and BUILDER.
Plana and Specification, fornlihad for all kind,
of building.. All work Irit elan. Stair build
ing a apeelelty.
I'. O. addreo, Clearllpld, Pa. Jaa.l7-T7tf.
R. M. NEIMAN,
SADDLE and HAENESS MAKER,
Ruaibargar, Clearfleld Co., Pa.
Keepe an band all kind, of narneil, Saddle.,
Bridle., aad Horaa FurnUhing Good.. Repairing
promptly attended to.
Rambarger, Jan. 10,
H77-tf.
JAMES MITCHELL,
BRALRR ir
Square Timber & Timber Lrinds,
J.ITt.t CLF.ARFIKI.D, PA.
J. 11. M'MURRAY
WILL St'PrLY YOU WITH ANY ARTICLE
OF MERCHANDISE AT THE VERY LOWEST
PR1CII. COME AND SEE. (1:4:7.7:)
NEW WASHINGTON.
Idlvery Ntable.
rpilB anderaignad beg. Larato iniorm the pah.
1. lie that ba I. aow fully prepare to accommo
date all la the way of furai.htng II. .aaa, Buciiee,
Saddle, and Hamaea, oa tba ahorlelt noliea and
n raaeon.bl. term.. Reeidenfla oa Loeu.t.lraat,
aetwean Third and Foarth.
IE0. W. OKARIIART
He.rfl.ld. Feh. 4. 1074.
I. SNYDER,
PRACTICAL WATCHMAKER
ARB BBALBR IR
.Watches, Clocks and Jewelry,
OrotaaTl , Afortet Strut,
CLEARFIELD, PA.
All bind, of repairing In my line promptly at-
ended to.
April IS, lalt.
NEW BOOT ANDSH0E SHOP.
Tha nndrralicned would Inform tba public that
ba baa renorrd bla Hoot and Hboe Shop to tho
room lately a)eeiiiil by Jo. Uearlng. In ShAW'l
Row, Market atraat, where ba la prepred to at
lnd to tha munU af aII who aoa'l anvtbiof la Me
Itna. All work done by bin will ba of tbo boat
ealriavl, and guaranteed to be Aral alaaa in tery
rraneflt. Kcnrnrtn promnlly ottandM to. All
kia.la of Leather and Hboe Plmttaf foraala.
JOHN 8CUI1.PKR.
CleAruatd, Pa . July n, IH7T .o. . i
WHOLESALE UQUOE STORE.
At tka and of tha new briJga,
WEST CLEARFIELD, PA.
The proprieter of tkla .itabllahment wiH buy
hi. Honor, dlr.it Iron dlitiller.. Parti.. baying
fruai tale kaaat will ba lure la get a para article
at a email margin abore aoet.. Hotel keeper, aaa
ba farai.bed with llouor. on reaionabla term..
Para wlaea aad arandi.. direct from Seeley'l
Vlaary, at Batb, Mew lork.
IIKOHIIK N. COI.BURN
Claarleld, Jane 10, 1870-tf.
Clearfield Nursery.
KNCOUKAGK HOME INDUSTRY.
THE aadenlgaed. karlng eeuhll.ned a Nor
aary ob tba 'Pike, aKet half way betweea
Cleat (eld and Curweui.ille, I. prepared aa far
alak all kind, af FRUIT TRKE8, (.tandard and
dwarf,) Krrrgreeaa, Shrahbary, Urape Vina.,
Uooeeberry, Uloa Blackberry, Strawberry,
aad Reipberry Viae.. A'ao, Siberlea Crab Trooa,
galaea, and early aearlal Rbabark, Aa. Ordara
promptly attended ta. Addraaa,
r r ' WRKIHT,
epI.W- Carwaa.rilla, Pa.
ANDREW HARWICK,
Market RtrMt, ClaarllaU, Pa..
H.RCracTORRR ARD aa.LBR IR
BARNEPfl, SADDLES, BRIDLES, COLLARS,
aad all blada af
HOUSE rUKMSHINO 0001)8.
A fall atoek af S.ddlarl' Hardware, Bru.kae,
Comb., Blaakat., Robea, ata., alwayi oa band
and for aala at Ike loweeteeeh price. All klad.
af repairing promptly allaaded la.
All kiad. of bldea lakaa ia eieeange for kar
aeea and repairing. All biedt af barn... leather
kept on band, and for .ale at a mall prolu
fleaiteld, Jaa. 10, l70.
JOHN H. FULFORD,
OSStRAl IISVUMCt ASKNT,
Cleartcld, Ptaa'a,
ai. .11 Ik. laadleg Fire laaaraaae
Campaatae af tka aeoatry I
io.ooo.ch
. I. eat .at
, 0.IM.II4
, I,.I5I
, l,10,M4
, I.Rat.lal
, 1, 4J4.0H
tlt.MO
aM.otl
IO,o0
Royal Canadian
Hoaaa, New Yark
Lyeoming. Maaay, Pa........
Fraablla, Philad'a..
PhwaiR, Hartford -
Heaorer, New York
Hoaaa, Col., 0................ ,
Atlat, Hartford
Proriaeaee, Waaklag'aa......w.
P.raea. abit efeetlag aa la.araae. aw prap
erty af any klad, .bould call at my eBoa, aa
Market atraat, eppoelte tba Coart Hoae, aad aaa
my Hat af aataMalea and rata, kefer Inaarlag .
' 1 JOHN U. FULFORD,
Cl.arald,Pa., M. V Tl-lr
S.
2,530.
THE ELECTORAL CONSriJlACY
jtnoe black's vitw or the case,
(Vwirftiinl rom last ttvcA.l
Tho board, gotting hold of tho i-o-ttirns
undor the election low, proceedod
to alter tticm in such manner as to
brin),' out a result totally lulso. They
avcrroa tnni tbo Kepublican or carpet
bun candidalo lor Governor. Lieutenant
Governor, and lor Klcclors of President
and Vico President, and all Stato off!
cers had a majority of tho votes, and
finally declared thoir election in formal
certificates. It was not a mistake. As
a mere blunder it was impossible. It
they had been " fools as gross as ever
ignoranco mailo drunk," they could not
nave uccii leu into any error about it,
it was without doubt the work ol
pre-arranged conspiracy to cheat tho
peopio ol tlie Btuto and the Union.
The proofs, direct and circumstantial,
that it was dishonest, corrupt, and
fraudulent, are so numerous and so irre
sistibly strong that no man can stand
up and deny it, unions, in the lunguugo
oi jur. u Conor, ho " has lost the luc.
ulty of blushing." In branding this
traneaction with utter and irredeema
ble infamy the Democracy havo not
spoken without the books for is it
not written on all the records of Con
gress ? Is it not reported by numer
ous committees r Ib it not attested by
clonus oi witnesses r is it not provod
oy papers which tho conspirators them
selves havo tnado ?
Tho action of the returning oflleors
in this whole business was unsupported
by legul authority. Tho Legialntnre
oi the Muto tlnl not, becauso it could
not, give them power to disfranchise
qualified electors. 1 bey lacked, there
lore, the genoral jurisdiction which
they assumed, tint that Is not all
they proceeded In the very tooth oven
ot the void statute which they professed
to follow. That statuto pretends to
givo tiicm no sucb authority as they
oxcreised over any return to which a
protest or statement or charge ot in
tunulutton is not attached when it is
sent in by the Supervisor of Registra
tion or the Commissioner of p.leetion,
and tbo thurge so attached to tbo re
turn must bo supported by tho utlitlu
vits of three cilir.ens ol tho proper
parish.
n anting this, tho board was abso.
lutcly without the pretenco of power
to lotion mo return irom any parish
or polling placo, except for tho purposo
of compilini; it and adilinir it as true to
the others, lly tho election law of
Louisiana the board uas no more
authority to examine or decide a ones-
tion of intimidation which is not raised
by the election oflicers than a private
individual would havo to steal it from
the records and burn it. So stands
the law. The fact is established by
conclusive evidenco that from every
ono ol tbo J'omocratic parishes tho re
turns came up without any charge,
statement or protest. In ull those
cases they were, therefore, without
color of jurisdiction. If any ono
doubts this proposition, let him look at
Senutor Bayard's elaborate exposition
of it, where he will find it established
by sucb unanswerable reasoning and
sucb a wealth ot authority that per.
versity itself will admit the law to be
as ho lays it down. 1 But the conspira
tors could not afford to be balked of
their game by the failure of the local
olllcers to make a lalse charge ot in
timidation. These votes munt be ex
cluded prr fat aul nrfat, and the return
ing board must do it ; that was what
the board was made for. The return
ing oflicers wont npon the principlo aul
vaiiam aut fariam. They made the
protests which they could not find :
affidavits which no crcaturo in the
riarishes was base enough to back with
lis oath wore lahricatcd in the Cuxtom
IIouso, and used by the board with a
lull knowledge that they were more
counterfeits. Tbo exclusion of returns
on tho ground of intimidation was in
every caso dishonest, for in nono was
there a particle of evidenco to justify
it. When nothing else would serve
tho purpose, tbey did not scruple
resort to plain forgery. Of tho return
Irom Vernon parish ovory figuro on
the wholo broad sheet was altered with
elaborato pains under tho especial
direction of Wells. Perjury and sub
ornation of perjury entered largoly
into the business. There is hardly any
species of tho crimen falsi for which the
law has a punishment that did not be
come an elementary part of tho Great
Kraud which was committed when the
defeated electors and Slate oflicers of
Louisiana were falsely certified
chosen by tho people.
It seems necessary and proper hut
it is dilncull to say what judgment
should he on the conduct of the distin
guished Iicpublican gentlemen, headed
by Senator Shcrmun, who went to
Louisiana to see tho count made,
Wort) they accomplices, in tho crime ol
tho returning board 7 W hoover wishes
to answer this question fairly must re
member that he is speaking ol men
who stand high, not for talents alone,
but for all the virtues which win pub
lic confidence and inspire general ro-
spect. All presumptions are in thuit
favor; nothing can bo justly concluded
against them oxcept from tho clearest
proof. It must, therefore, be consid
ered as settled that they had no con
section with the forgeries of particular
return papers or with tho perjuries of
tho Custom House: tl Wells was bought
with anything beyond the promise of
" recognition, tbey bad nothing lo do
with the bribery ; no knowledge ol
theso specific offences has been traced
to them. But they might have caused
a true count of the voles if they bad
wished It ; one word ol honest roproba-
tion from them would havo paralysed
tbo rascality ot tho returning board.
If tboy hod complied With tho request
of the Democrats to use their joint in
fluence for justice and truth, the con
spiracy would havo broken up in an
hour. They did undoubtedly know
what everybody else know, that the
Tildcn electors had been duly appointed
by a majority of nearly eight thousand
votes legally cast; they could not help
but see that at least. And they must
have known that no jnst reason and
no legal authority oxisted to alter this
result or falsity tha record which
proved it. Yet they refused to open
their lips for the right of tho people to
choose thoir own audits : asserted the
constitutional power of the returning
officers todislrancblsoquahned rotors,
comforted those) miscreant with the
assuranco of their defence ; did, in fact,
defend them even to the extent of pro
nouncing extravagant eulogies upon
them ) in short, encouraged, aided, and
abetted by ovcry means in their power
tho perpetration of the Great Fraud,
and after it was done held it op ao a
nghtoous act.
These eentlimen probably bare
soma excuse for their behavior which
has not yet appeared. Tha) Presidency,
all the jobs and offices in the Union,
aad four years ol exemption irum toe
hand of Tildon'i iweoping reform, de
pended npon the gams they were play
aa ,ar-a
CLEARFIELD,
ing. Tho stako being so heavy and
the dice ready loadod lo thoir hand,
the temptation to a foul throw was
very severe. Porbaps it is too much
to expoct that a body of politicians in
theso degenerate days should act with
scrupulous honesty like tho men who
filled high stations in early times. Th
lulso philosophy ol Sonocu, that all I in
moralities aro justified when done
ngnandi cama, gains ground upon us
rapidly. The rules which moot with
universal observance in privnte nflairs
aro set at naught in political action.
Klection frauds are practised by nien
who would not choat in a horso trado ;
bogus returns aro palmed olT as true
by thoso who would scorn to pass
counterfeit money; and Christian states
men aro not expected to know that
stealing the vote ol a stale comes with
in tho prohibition of tho Eighth Com
mandment.
But they do not measure their con
duct by a safe standurd if they think
it right, under any circumstances, to
cheat a self-governing nation by nulli
fying the legal vote of its poopio. No
manor bow littlo rospoct. they may
havo for the judgment of tho mass, con
ceding that our naturalisation laws aro
too liberal and negro suffrage wholly
unwiso, it must still bo remembered
that this right of voting lies at tho
foundation of our politicul structure
Wo have no public institutions that are
not built upon that. Our Ship of State
has no other keel, and the perfidy that
scuttles tbo bottom ox poses cargo.crcw
and nassemrers to utter destruction
uesides, wo havo all agreed with one
another that the will ol tbo wholo poo-
do as a collective body shall be spoken
y the major numbor ol individuals :
we promised and swore that we would
be governed by that will. If we vio
late this solemn compact, wo aro covenant-breakers
and can expect only to
be turned out among " the nations
which know not God." Moreover,
taking the lowest possible view of the
Buniect, and considering a Presidential
election as a mere iraino of skill or
hasard, be must be regarded as a politi
cal black leg who snatches and makes
on with tho slakes ho has lost accord
ing to tho rules.
Another question arises here, which
the m uso of history may answer at her
leisure : Is there any justification of
tiescrul liranls conduct in this busi
ness? Within two er three days after
mo election it bocamo perlectly well
known to tho whole country that in
Louisiana there bad been a full poll.
and a laree majority tor the Tiiden
electors. No reason w us sui'ifosted by
anybody for falsifying this result. The
upprohension that it would be falsified
in the return arose solely out of the
met tbat the election machinery ot tho
State was in tho bands of mere knaves
who were lust base enough to do it ;
and those were General Grant s own
knaves, whom for years he had kopt
in their places by lawless force. It
was then that be said no man could
afford to be President by a fraud, and
sent a committee to see that a truo
count was nik.de. This was fair-Boom
ing enough, but be did not row the way
ho was looking. Every one of his
committee favored the lraud, and thoir
report, which he endorsed and sent to
Congress, was a defence of it from be
ginning to ond. He bad supported
and enlbrced frauds of tho same kind
several times before, and now his troops
were at new Orleans avowedly to
protect the carpet-baggers while they
were repeating them ou a large scale.
Besides, when Chandler promised tho
fraudulent Governor of Florida to send
troops and money to that State after
the election troops and money to
count tho votes bo declared in one ol
his dispatches tbnt tho President hail
been consulted. Still further, while
his party in Congress were holding up
tbo fraud, he answered tho arguments
in favor of Tildun's right by ordering
lo tho capital all the cavalry, artillery
and infantry within roach. Whether
those circumstances be sufficient or not
to convict him of participation in tho
fraud, let the world judgo.
When tho wronir was accomplished
at New Orleans when tho returning
board had suppressed tho Democratic
majority, and Kellogg cor'tified what
he knew to befalso, tliut ho himself and
seven olhor men of tbo same sort wore
chosen by the people as electors of
President and ico President ; when
these falso pretenders actually mot as
electors, made out and sent to Wash
ington thoir own vote lo be counted as
the vote of tho Stoto nobody, except
those engaged in it, had the least bo
lief that such a swindle could ever suc
ceed. Democratic denunciation was
loud, to be sure, but quiet, unpartisnn
peopio laughed at tho lolly ot it A
iitllo whilo afterwards the aspect of
things changed materially, i ho coun
try was astounded to discover that
the commanders of the Heptihlican
lorces bad mode up their minds to
carry it through il they could. It
would bo unjust to say that this reso
lution was unanimous. Several mem
bers of the lower House expressed
their decided opposition to it. An un
ascertained number of Senators, in-
luding tho ablest Jtopubhrans in the
body, aro well understood to have been
altogether averse ; but not seeing the
way of resistance open, they were
silent and jrmittcd tho dead weight
of thoir influence to lie on tho fraudu
lent side of tho scale. Some of tho
foremost journals of the administration
parly denounced It in unequivocal
terms, as did also the wholo independ
ent press. The great lawyors of tho
ICcpublican parly would not endure it :
for instanco, Mr. Carpenter, of Wiscon
sin, and Mr. Field, of Now York, who
had voted against 1 ilden, assaulted the
foul conspiracy with the whole force
of their logio and eloquence. But the
fraud was defended by men whom the
party was accustomed to obey, the
mutinous were brought under control,
the indifferent wore quickened into
active participation, and " lewd fellows
of the baser sort" rushed to the work
as to a labor of love. So it came to
pass that a great political party, coin
prising AmericaD citiicns of all the
best classes, was thrown Willi nearly
ta whole momentum of weight and
velocity upon the side of a manifest
and most notorious swindle. To the
mortal honor of the Democracy not
ono ol its men in any part of the coun
try shrunk Irom bis duty or wavered In
his allegiance to the truth.
But how was tho object of the con
spiracy to bo accomplished T The
House ol Keprosentalivca was .Demo
cratic, and without its consent, ex
pressed or implied in some form or an
other, the Senate could not givo effect
to a Tulse count I be nrst intention
was to claim that the President of the
Senate had power to detcrmino abso
lutely and arbitrarily what electoral
votes should bo counted and what not.
This was the great rallying point until
Mr.Conkling took it up, and in a spoech
,of surpassing ability .utterly demolished
and reduced it to invisible atoms. It
became aetllod, therefore, that the two
llnuaei must count the votes, and this
!'
PRINCIPLES, NOT MEN.
PA., WEDNESDAY, JULY 25, 1877.
clearly Impliod the powor to inquire
ana uoiormine wuai wero votes. It
eould not bo dvntod that the voice of
tho IIouso of KoproscntutiveB was at
least as potential as that ot tho Sena
tors ; and it was not supposed that tho
IIouso would suffer a fraud so glurihg
as this to be thrust down tho throat
of the country "against tbo stomach
of its sense." -But if tho two bodius
would declaro inconsistent results ot
tho count, and proclaim tho election ot
different Presidents, a stato of things
might come which would subject our
institutions to a strain oorere enough
to endanger them greatly. It was in
these dilUcult circumstances that a
mixed commission of filteon was pro
posed, consisting of fire Senators, five
Representatives, and fivo J udges of tho
Supremo Court. Tho mode of appoint
ing them made it certain that fourteen
would be equally d yjded between tho
parties ; and as tie fifth Judge would
oo named by tho consont of his breth
ren on both sides, ho might bo expected
to stand betwoen them, like a daysman,
with a hand as heavy on ono head as
too oilier, the Democrats cousen'.ed
to this in the belief that no seven Ilo
publicans could bo takon from tho
Court or from Congress who would
swear to decide the truth and then up
hold a known fraud ; if mistaken in
that opinion of their adversaries' hon
esty, tbey felt sure at all events, that
tho umpire would bo a fuir-minded
man. 1 hey wore bittorly disappointed ;
tho commission went eight to seven
for tho Great Fraud and all its branch-
os ; for fraud in tho detail and in the
aggregate for ovcry item of fraud that
was necessary to mnko tho sum total
big enough eight to seven all tho
time.
We must look at tho stato of the caso
as it went before tbo commission. Til
den and Hendricks had 184 electoral
votes clear and free of all disputo, one
less than a maiontv ot tho whole num
bor. They also had in Louisiana WoAf,
and in Florida four, appointed by tho
people, but f'ulsuly certified to Hayes
and Wheolcr by tbo Governors. In
Urcgon they bud one certified by tho
governor, out against whom a popu
lar majority bad been cast for an ineli
gible candidate. To elect Hayes it was
nceoBsury that each and every ono ol
these thirteen votes should be taken
from i'ildcn and given to Haves. As
this required many distinct rulings
based upon contradictory grounds, the
palb ol the commission was not only
sieop Dut crooked.
The great and important duty cast
upon the commission by a special law
and by a special oatb ot each member
was to decide, in the caso of contested
votes from a Stato, " whethor any and
what votes Irom each Mate aro the
voles provided for by the Constitution of
the United ritut-es, and how many and
what porsons wero duly appointed elec
tors in such State." It is not denied that
the sole power of appointing doctors
for the States of Louisiana and Florida
is in the people. It was thon and still
is an admitted fuct that the people had
exercised the powor of appointment
in ine prcscrioou ana proper way ;
thoy did duly make an appointment of
electors, and their act was aufu recor
ded, and so mado a perpetual memory.
This thing was not "done in a corner ;"
it was "seen and known of all men.
That each of the two Stales named had
duly appointed Tiiden electors at
regular election called for that purpose
on the 7th of November, in pursuance
of law, was a part of thoir history as
much as tho tact that they wero States
of the Union. All tho members of the
commission know it as well as they
knew tho geographical position ol Tul-
lubassen or New Orleans. It nocded
no proof: but if spocitlo evidence had
boon required, there was the record,
from which tbo truth glared upon them
as clear as-the sun. Ibey shut their
eyes upon tho record, and refused to
seo "how many and what persons were
duly appointed electors" by tbo people,
but listened eagerly lo the evidence
(aliunde though it was) which showed
'bow many and what persons had
been designated by the returning ofli
core. It was ultimately held (cnjlit to
men ) that the appointees ol tbo return
ing board wero duly appointed, and the
appointees of tho peopio wero unduly
appointed. Did the Eight supposo that
me legal power lo mako such an np-
pointmont was vested by luw in tho
returning boards? Did thoy think it
was nor vested in tho peopio? No,
tbat is impossible. But tbey may havo
conscientiously believed that the inter
est ot their friction would bo well serv
ed by Hayes's olodion. They may havo
been prompted a hy virtuous admiri
tion of carpet-bag government, and
wore sincerely anxious to save it from
Tilden's reform.
But this decision in fuvor of fraud
which so shocked tho common sense
and common honesty of tho nation was
not made without soma attempt to
uatify it. I ho hight gave reasons so
many and so plausible that Kellogg
and Wells must havo chuckled with
delight when thoy heard them. One
argument very seriously urged was
that it would bo troublesome, require
great deal of timo, to ascertain who
wo duly appointed by the people. It
was much easier to accept the false
voto and say no mora about it. To
decide bow many and what persons
got certificates from the returning
board was a short and simple process;
but to push tho inquiry behind that
to inquire whother tho certificate
was honest, to look for tho evidence
which would show who wore duly np.
ointed lie tabor hoc oput tit. Die
even reminded tho Kight.but reminded
them in vain, that tboiue appointment
w hich nobody in tho world, except the
peopio, had tho least right ta mako
was the very thing which they were
there to find out; and they could not
be excused from a duty to which they
wero pledged and sworn; by tho mere
nconvenieiico ot porlorming it. Be
sides, the Eight know very well that
there was no difficulty in it ; it was
but looking at tho record of tho ap
pointment as tho peopio made it np ;
they could read it as they ran ; tho
truth was plainer, than the lie : the
honesty oi the caso was as easily seen
as the fraud. But no persuasion could
nfluenco them to cast even a glaneo
at actual appointment What did thoy
Hunk this commission was made lor f
Why was thil great combination of
earning and statecraft set up? Ac
cording to the Eight its solo purposo
was, not to determine any matter In
disputo between tho parties, but mere
ly to declaro that tho returning boards
had certified for the Hayes electors;
which everybody knew already and
nobody ever denied. If its object was
what the law said to decided who
wero duly appointed then the Eight
succeeded Ip making it merely a splen
did abortion, becauso, among other
reasons, il was too much trouble to
make it anything else.
Hut the commission, tallowing tbe
lead of counsel for Mr. Hayes, insisted
that the certificate of the proper State
officer ought In be regard! as conclu
REPUBLICAN,
sive evidence ot the appointment made
by tha peopio. It is undoubtedly true
tbat the Mate has a right to speak on
this subject through her own organs,
and when sho docs so speak, her voice
should be regarded as true. Hut what
oRlcor is her proper organ ? Tbe Gov
ernor being her political chief, and his
certificate being required by set of
Congress, it would not have been un
reasonable to bold that ft was conclu
sive unless tainted with fraud. The
II ayes electors had tho Executive cor.
tiflcates in Louisiana and Florida, and
this in regard to those States gavo tbe
eight a legal advantage, liut tbey
threw it away, abandoned the attesta
tion ot tho Governor as worthless,
claimed no fuilb or credit for it, and
pronounced il open to contradiction,
no matter how honestly it may have
been given. What was the meaning
oi ibis phenominal ruling which appar-
ently opened tba door of Investigation
even wider than tho Democrats asked ?
Il was understood by cvorybody. The
commission was bodging lor Oregon.
Tbe eight were reaching across to tbo
l acino tor the ono vote there, which
was just as important as the twelve on
the gull ot Mexico.
But having gouo behind tbo Govern
or's certificate for tho sako of correct
ing errors, could there be any possible
justification for stopping before the
truth was reached r II the bead ot
the Commonwealth, whose attestation
is required by federal law, went for
nothing whenever it was contradicted
how could the conclusiveness be as
sorted of a paper mado by subordinate
oflleors unknown outside of the State
and powerless even by tho local law
to mako a certibcato ot muru than
prima facie validity ? Yet tho Electoral
Commission (eight to seven) docided
that the Governor's certificate might
be set aside for a more mistake ol law
or fact, whilo that of tho lietuming
Board would stand, though known to
bo founded on falsehood and saturated
all through with corruption.
Tbe . unvarying preference of the
eight commissioners for tho false over
the true bocomos very striking at this
point. When they got behind tbe Gov
urnor's papers, they found lying aliun
de two other sets ot documents, one ol
which was a record ot tbe actual ap
pointment niado by the people, the
other was a mero fabrication of the re
turning board without any semblance
of truth ; tbey embraced the latter
with all tbo ardor of sincere affection,
and rejected tho former with all pos
sible marks of their dislike. The
point contended for by Mr. Hayes's
counsel, and decided in thoir favor by
the commission, was that no evidence
could bo received except the report of
tbo returning board as to the actual
result ot tho olection. 1 he commission
positively refused tho offer of Mr. Til
den's counsel to prove the facts, and
would not rcciovo or look at the evidence
showing tbut by tho procinot and coun
ty certificates on which tbe board ac
ted the majority was for tho Tiiden
electors. ot tbo Congressional Record
of February 6, 18T7, p. 29, represents
that Mr. Hayes's counsel on the trial
road to tbo tribunal several alleged
computations of tha voto cast at tbe
election, to show that the Hayes elec
tors bad in lacl tbe majority, iheso
computations, so read, wero takon
from a report mado to the House of
representatives, by tho Republican
majority of its committee. It this be
truo, then the commissson received
evidence aliunde to bolster up the cer
tificate of the returning board, while
It rotiiacd to look at that which would
have overthrown it hy proving its en
tiro falsehood. , Mr. O'Conor thinks
that this misrepresents the facts of
tho trial, and tbat it is an interpolation
upon tho record Intended to prevent
the truth ot history. J
To give tho decrees of the returning
board the conclusive effect claimed lor
them, it was necessary to hold that they
were legally invested with judicial pow
crs, and tbat their jurisdiction, w heth
er rightly or erroneously exercised,
was absolute over tho wholo subject
matter. In Florida tho statuto which
creates tho board gavo it nothing ex
cept ministerial powers, and tho Su
premo I 'on rt of IbatjStato solemnly pro
nounced its claim of judiciul authority
to bo altogether unfounded. But tho
electoral commission would not bo in
fluenced by cither tho writton or the
unwritten law. The commission con
ceded to the Iiouiaiana board all the
judical powor il needed to sanctify its
disfranchisement of tbe poopio In the
face of the constitution, which express
ly forbade it. Thisgencrnl jurisdiction
was not all they bostowod on those
boards ; tbey declared in substance
that it might be well exercised in par
ticular cases where it was not invoked
according to tho law which gavo them
being, as, tor instance, whore a I.onmi
ana parish sent np its return without
a protest, statement or affidavit.
iho eight commissioners did not
stop there. Thoy wont much farther.
They practically justified and sustain
ed all the infinite rascality of tho re
turning boards. They not only refus
ed to lake voluntary notico of the
atrocious frauds perpetrated by tbera
but they excluded tho proofs of their
corruption which the Democratic coun
sel hold in thoir bands and offered to
exhibit. Those commissioners choked
off the evidence, and emotbersd it as
remorselessly as ells and his asso
ciates suppressed Democratic returns.
And this they put on tho express
ground that lo them it was ail one
whethor the action of those boards was
fraudulent or not Thoy would suffer
no proof of corruption to invalidate
tli e right claimed by a Hayes man to
put in a voto of a Stato lor his candi
date. This monstrous and unendurable out-
rngo was resisted to the utmost. All
of tbe .Si ivn implored and protested
against it. Judgo Clifford, tho 1 resi-
n t ol tho commission, hud it down
as a maxim of tho common law that
fraud vitiates whatever it touches, and
proved it ondoniably. He might have
proved more. It ia not merely a
maxim of the common law ; it belongs
to all countries and all ages ; no codo
can claim it exclusively ; it pervades
all systems of jurisprudence ; it has its
homo In every honest heart ; it is the
universal sentiment of all jnst men ; it
ipplies to all human dealings. Judge
Field looked in tho face of Ike majori
ty, and told them plainly that their
disregard of this great principle was
"as shocking in morals as it was un
sound in law" and added: "It is ele
mentary knowledgo tbat fraud vitiates
all proceedings, even the most solemn,
that no form of words, no amount of
ceremony, no solemnity of proceeding,
can shield it from exposure, or protect
its structure Irom assault and destruc
tion." But the Eight were as deaf as
adders to the voice of reason and jus
tice. They would not permit the
Freud to be assaulted, much less to be
destroyed. Thoy stood over it lo
shield it, protect it, and save it, Inter
posing the broad ongis ot tbelr author
ity Hi pfivwr it agninat ovary attaea.
Tbo Eight persistently denied their
power or tlmt ot Congress to do what
tbey were commanded by the law to
do, tbat is, dooide who were duly ap
pointed. They would only decide tbat
certain porsons were named as electors
by a returning Liard. Thoy would
not understand that tho appointment
by the people might be one thing, and
the action ol the returning board an
otbor. or that the latter, even as ovi.
dence of the former, was worthless if
it was fraudulent.
They insisted that the returning
board certificate must be received with
all the honors ; to question its vority
would be usurpation upon otato rights
which thoy (the Eight) were most
careiui to preserve Intact and unim
paired. But," said thoy, "if a return
ing board behaves unfaithfully, the
State borself, by bor own authorities,
must see to it and correct the wrong."
Thereupon came Florida, and showed
that she had, in fact, made tbe correc
tion. All the departmonta ol her gov
ernment her legislature, her courts
and her executive had at different
times examined and revised the action
ol her returning board ; pronounced it
false, frandulont and void ; declared
that the Tiiden electors were duly ap
pointed, and left the Uayos candidates
without a shred of authority to vote
for the Slate. There stood the State
herself, upright before the august com
mission, with all the evidence in her
hand, protesting against the fraud and
demanding tbat no vote should be re
ceived except the vote of herown elec
tors duly appointed by bor people.
But the commission answored that wit-
der the circumstances of this case she
had no right to defend herself against
tho fraud of a returning board any
more than she bad to be defended by
the federal authorities. Wbateversbe
might do, or decide, or resolve upon,
the Great Fraud was her master and
sho must submit. Bo it appeared, after
all the fine speeches about State rights,
tbat Florida had but one right the
right to bo cheated out of her vote by
the same knaves who had already rob
bed her of her property. That right
was sacred and intangible, and the
commission promptly put her in full
possession oi it.
In tho case of Florida there was one
piece of evidence offered which , not
only commended itself strongly to the
consideration of just men, but, being
supported by cortain artificial rules of
pleading and practice it was expected
to find acceptance in tbe narrowest
mind on the bonch. Tbis was the rec
ord of a judicial proceeding commenc
ed in a Florida court by writ of quo
warranto at the suit of the State upon
the relation of the Tiiden doctors
against the Hayea electors. The par
ties came into court and pleaded, and
tbe issue made between thorn was,
whether ono sot or tho other (the re
lators or tbe defendants) were duly
appointed electors of President and
Vice President by and for the State of
Florida. Evidonce was taken, tbe
cause was debated by counsel on both
sides, and alter consideration it was
adjudged by the courts against tbe de
fendants and in Isvor ot tbe State,
tbat the relators tcrre duly appointed
and the defendants not. This tact, thus
determined by tbe court, was precise
ly the same fact afterward controvert
ed by the same parties before the com
mission. When submitted to the lat
ter tribunal, it was res judicata ; not on
ly truo, but fixed and settled beyond
the reach of contradiction. Tbe judg
ment was not impeached for fraud or
revorscd lor error, it was in lull lorce
and virtue. It was not denied that
the court which made tho adjudication
bad entire and complete jurisdiction
both ol tba subject matter and of the
parlies. By all reason and all author
ity the commission was bound to ro
spoct this judgment as conclusive evi
denco. But to havo dono this would
havo mado Tildcn President and de
tested the purpose of all tba frauds in
Louisiana ana Florida both. They
did not do it; they allowed tho judg
ment to have no effect at all. They
but looked to see what it was and im
mediately swept it out of sight Tbey
put it far from tbem and then pro
ceeded to pronounce a different judg
ment which suitod tboilayes men bet
tor. How could tbey break all tho
bars of legal authority which fenced
them about? W hat starting hole did
they find to escape from the corner
into which they wero driven and pen
ned up by the law of the land ? Wo
shall see.
They said the judgment of the
court was loo late; it was pronounced
after the Hayes electors had mot and
mado out their votes, and sent tbem
to tho President of the Senate. Horo
wore two sots of electors, each claim
ing the exclusive right to vote for the
State, and both of them actually sunt
up their ballots. One of thorn was
duly appointod, and had tho authority
claimed ; tho other set was necessarily
composed of mere pretenders, who
were not duly appointed, and, having
no authority, their vote was a more
nullity. Which party was right, and
which was wrong ? Tho conflict must
bo settled somehow. Where was tbe
jurisdiction to dutormino it 7 Undoubt
edly, and by universal admission, the
power was in the courts ot the State
from which both claimants professed
to derive their authority. The proper
Ststo court did determine it ; but tbe
commissioners said that howorer com
petent tho jurisdiction of tho court, it
was too lata in making its derision,
and then they proceeded, in tbe exor
cise of a jurisdiction exactly similar, lo
docido tho samo question of (act and
law tho other way. Now comes tbe
query : If tbe court s decision was
worthless becauso it was lair, what
was tho value of the commission's
tidgmont, which was later 7 Tho
Eight did actually, not in words, but
in aubstanco and effect, give vent to
tho bald absurdity that it was too late
in January to decide the dispute in fa
vor of Tildcn, but hat too late in Feb
ruary to decide in favor of Hayes.
Another thing tbey said: Tbis judg
ment, though it proved the fact that
the Hayes claimants were not duly ap
ointed, and had no title to the offico
of doctors, did not invalidate the acts
previously dons by them while they
were ae lacte in the exerciso ol the
powers they usurped, There is a just
and noocssarv rule ol law which de
clares that the validity of acts regu
larly done by an officer shall not da
pond on tbe title by which ba holds
the office. You may remove a Sheriff
by a quo trarranto without destroying
the titles of all who purchased land at
bis sales, or a judge without vacating
his decrees, or a treasurer without say
ing that his payment ol a public debt
is not satisfaction ; but when a person
assumes a special authority to do a
particular thing the validity of the act
for. depend on tbe authority to do it
This latter rule applies here. These
oleetnri claimed a right lo vote for the
State under a special appointment
given to do thai one act. When a
compttent court adjudicated as matter
NEW SERIES-YOL. 18, NO. 29.
of fact that the Hayea electors bad no
appointment, il was a logical and logal
necessity which declared the unau
thorised voles to be null and void. Il
tbis were not the principle, then any
impostor, or any number of impostors,
might send up their ballots, and one
would be as good as another.
But again, let it not bo forgotten
that the Tildcn electors had also voted
at tho same time in tho same way.
Why did not this tact make as much
woight tor tbem as for tbe othors 7 It
will excite the wonder of tbe world to
learn that, in the opinion ot the Eight,
b person wno votoa unaer an appoint
mont given him by the people accord
ing to law could not even be a de facto
elector, but another person wuo bad
nothing to claim by except tbe false,
fraudulent and void declaration of a
returning board was good de facto, if
he was good tor nothing else. Ibis
doctrine oi de facto sa notification, sav
ing acts which have no other "relish
of salvation in them," and making the
votes of unauthorized men as good as
il tbey came from porsons duly ap
pointed, cuts a great figure throughout
the whole ease. It is not applicable,
but the Eight apply it everywhere,
and, strange to say, they never use it
when it docs not make in favor of
some fraud or other. One who votes
according to the publio will of the
Stato legally expressed through the
ballot-boxes is de facto nothing. But
il he was defeated or Ineligible, he is
de facto all he wants to be. One of the
Hayes electors in Louisiana was a fed
eral officer; bis election was forbidden
by tho Constitution of the Cnited
Slates, and he was not elected but
heaton at the polls ; de facto strained
its utmost power on bim, and pulled
him through in spite ot the Constitu
tion and people both. Hut his Demo
cratic competitor, who had acted as
an elector in the same way and to tbe
samo extent, was legally chosen by an
overwhelming majority, and constitu
tionally eligible ; theretore ae tacto
could do nothing for Aim.
In all the discussions of the subject
the men disposed to favor tbe conspira
cy professed a most profound venera
tion for tbe "forms ot law." Tbis was
tho keynote struck at New Orleans by
tbe visiting committee, and it is heard
in every subsequent argument of coun
sel and commissioner on that side. It
seemed to be understood among them
that a forma! cheat was perfectly sate
from exposure. If tbe sepulchre was
whited on the outside, it made no dif
ference that it was filled with "corrup
tion, dead men's bones, and all un
clcannosi." No refuge of lies could be
swept away, no hiding-place of false
hood could over be uncovered, if it
was built in the prescribed form. Only
give it tbe logal shape and the over
flowing scourge would be turned asido.
But legal lorm, however valuable as a
covering for fraud, was, in thoir judg
ment, no protection lor truth or jus
tice or public right. The will of Lou
isiana was pronounced at the election
with all the solemnities required by
the law of the State and of tbe United
Slates. Tbe appointment of the Til-
den electors on the Tib of Novembor
was a perfectly legal picco of work ;
there was not a flaw in the record of
it as It camo from tha hands of the ap
pointing power. But It was looked
upon with perfoct contempt Neither
tbe visiting committee, nor tbo Hayes
counsel, nor the eight commissioners
bestowed on it any ot their love. Thoir
anoctions wero otherwise engaged ;
thoy gave tbe homage and devotion of
. I : 1 . . . i I . ' r t ,
vuvir uuaria to iua uuamuui regulari
ty, the exquisite precision, with which
the returning board compounded its
false certificate.
Another paradox ot tbe Eight is
curious enough to bo notod. Tbey
declared repeatedly that tbey had no
power to try a contested election case
and for that reason thoy would not
look at the evidence which showed
what persons wore duly appointed
electors by tbe people. Now mark !
i ne case was mis. r.acn oi those
votes came accompanied by what was
asserted to be proof that it was cast
by electors duly appointed. Tbe con
flict was to bo determined by the veri
fying power which Congress unques
tionably has, and which the commis
sioners expressly assumed when thoy
swore that they would decide
who were duly appointed. To docide
it one wity or tho other required pre
cisely the same jurisdiction, and called
into exercise exactly the same facul
ties. Yet they held that il tbey de
cided according to the truth in laror
of the electors actually appointed tbey
would re trying a contested election ;
but if tbey decided in favor of tbe pre
tondors, who had nothing but a fraud
ulent oorutlcate, thoy would not be
trying a contested election ; in otbor
words, thoir jurisdiction was full and
ample to decide it tulsolv. but whollv
unequal to the amy or deciding It
truly.
Porbaps nothing shows more plain
ly the animus of tbe eight commiseion-
crs than tbo determination tbey made
upon the caso of lirowstor, ineligible
elector in Louisiana. Keep in mind
that their defined duty was to decide
who wore duly appointod, and what
votes were provided for by the Consti
tution, and think how they performod
it in this part of the rase. Brewster
was not only dolcnted at the polls like
the rest, he was besides a federal office
holder, and tho Constitution expressly
declares that no such person shall be
appointed an doctor. But for the pur
poso of elocting Mr. Hayes bis vote
was worth as much as all the others.
To get that vote for their candidate
they wore required to go further than
thov went lor anv of tha real and an
they held : 1. That the certificate of
the returning board was pmprio riaore
an appointment. 2. That It was a oti
appointment, though corrupt and dis
honest. 3. Tbat this was a vote pro
vided for by the Constitution, though
the Constitution in plain words provi
ded against it.
Alter all, thore was but one question
before tbe commission. Had the Amer
ican people a right to elect thoir own
chief magistrate 7 Tbey had the right.
Their ancestors struggled for it long,
lought for it often, and won it fairly.
Being embedded in their Constitution,
il cannot bo destroyed except by a
force strong enough to overthrow the
organic structure of tho government
itself. Legislative enactments or judi
cial decisions are powerless either lo
strengthen or impair it The legerde
main of laworafl, the catches of special
pleading, tha snapperadoes of practice),
do not help us lo decide a matter like
this. A great nation must not be im
paled upon a pin's point. Precedents
which might bind a Court of Quarter
Sessions determining th settlement ol
a pauper oannot tie np the bands of
the supreme legislature defending a
fundamental right ol (lis whole peo
ple. When Grcnville, in 178fi, eited
th authority of diver case lo show
that America might be taxed without
representation, I'itt anawsred : "1 com
not here armsd at all points, with th
statute-book doubled down In dog'
ear to dotond th can cf liberty. I
can acknowlodg no veneration for
any procedure, law, or ordinance, that
is repugnant to reason and th first
principles of our Constitution. 1 re
joice that America baa resisted." So
spoke tho defiant friend ot our raoa in
tbe presence ot a hostile Parliament
ton year before th Declaration oi In
dependence. And now, after this long
interval of lima, we behold our great,
est right th right on which all our
right dopend suoo4swfolly assailed in
w. vv UOV VIUMII-t 1 VUV, )V M4f$U
have borne tbe calamity with fortitude;
but to see it circumvented by knavery
and petti-fogged to death, is to much
to be endured with any show of pa
tience. If Ka mein--tlw nf .Viet w f, m m'rT,
lnwA .. n v. ..,., . I - ........
could but have realised their responsi
bility to God and man, if they could
only have understood tbat a free coun
try liberty and law are inseparable,
they would bav added strength and
grandeur to our institutions. But they
could not coma up to the height of th
great subjoct Party passion ao be
numbed their faculties that a funda
mental right seemed nothing to them
wbon it came in conflict with some ar
gument supported by artificial reason
ing and drawn from tbe supposed an
alogies of technical procedure. Th
Constitution was in their judgment
outweighed by a void statu and th
action of a corrupt returning board.
Let these things be remembered by
our children's children, and if the
friends of free government shall ever
again have snch a contest, let them
tak care bow tbey leave the decision
of it to a tribunal like tbat which be
trayed the nation by enthroning the"
Ureal traud ol 1876.
Great Events. Can you tell me
which is a great thing, and whioh
little? If tbe result be stupendous,
you cannot speak lightly ot the cause,
however trifling it may aeom. But
what does cause tbe greatest effects?
Often, as slight an impulse as th vi
bration of tbe voice, which, in high,
snowy regions is thought at time to
bring down tbe awful avalanche gua
rantied overhead. A pebble may turn
a river at its source, and change the
destiny of half a continent A bird
lighting on a bough at tbeentrace of a
cave turned aside tbe pursuer of Ma
homet, and spared him to be the great
prophet of the East Tbe whimper of
a child, on the Nile, gave the Jew a
history, and the world a Saviour.
Without it there would bav been no
exodus; no descent of God on Sinai, no
Bethlehem, and no Jewish babe wor
shipped by angels in tbe manger. It
was tbe first link in the long succession,
bright as long. At Toulon, Napoleon,
looking out of the batteries, drew back
a stop to let some one take bis place.
Tbe next moment the new arived waa
killed. Tbat step brought the French
Empire and made possible the bloody
roll ol its victories and defeats. Tbe
rout at Waterloo turned on a shower
of rain hindering Grouchy' advance.
Tbe resolution ot a moment, with some
men, has been tbe turning-point of in
finite issues to the world. Oeikie.
It is the teaching of science tbat the
rays of light are not light, but absolute
ly dark and blind, as they travel to
wards us through the fields of spsco,
being broken up into luminosity only
when they como in contact with our
atmosphere tbe freer from vaporous
clouds at any particular time or place
the stronger is the light And so,
spiritual knowledge is in a sense noth
ing, till it comes into contact with a
spiritual being. It becomes luminous
and active in the atmosphere of tbe
soul, and tbe purer tbat atmosphere
the stronger the light But that atmos
phere is never perfectly pure upon
earth. There an alway some wan
dering clouds and vapors of sin. Ws
are not yet high enough for a perfoct
transparency. Th aoul must have an
atmosphere of perfect punty and lor
before it can have a fulness of knowl
edge. But this is just heaven perfec
tion God for "he that dwelleth in
love dwelleth in God, and God in him,
for God is love." it. L. Simpson.
I do not wonder when strong men
say strong things ; but 1 bav often
marvelled when 1 have heard such he
roic sentences from th weak and trem
bling. To hear tbo sorrowing comfort
others, wbon you would think they
needed comfort themselves; to mark
their cheerfulness, when if you and 1
snffercd half a much we should bav
sunk to the earth this 1 worthy ol
note. God s strength is perfectly reveal-
ed in the trials of th weak. hen you
see a man of God brought into poverty,
and yet in tbat poverty never repin-
g ; wnon you hear his character as
sailed by slander, and yet be stands
unmoovcdlikearock amidst tbe waves;
when you see tbe gracious man perse
cuted and driven from home and coun
try for Christ's sake, and yet he takes
joyfully tbe spoilings of bis goods and
banishment ana disgrace then tbe
strength of God is made perfect in the
midst of weakness. Spurgeon.
Christianity, as rightly understood.
obliges its professors to b not only
just but generous; not only polite, but
kind ; not only gentle, but long-sutfer-ing.
How many petty misunderstand
ings eould be got over at the beginning
by a littlo kind forbearance or judicious
yielding. "Give to blm tbat asketh
thee, Is tbe ljord s way ot settling
difficulties. And in passing through
lifo it would be found not only tbo pleas-
antes t way, but upon tbe wbolo, the
most profitable, 11 it were generally
felt that Christianity obliged it profes
sors to act kindly and generously on
all occasions, they would become by
far the most esteemed class ot the com
munity, and prove livingepislles indeed
of the Divine Master, which i just
what bo means tbey should be.
The example ol our Saviour is, aa In
all other cases, most instructive. He
waa always riving, lis bestowed
cures upon all kinds of sufferers right
and loll wherever be went, lie gave
divine instruction and published glad
tidings throughout tbe whole country
without lee or reward. Jo hat was
seid round after the Sermon on the Mount.
.Not only did be bestow these ifiru, but
food also in ess of necessity, though
there is no trace of encouraging im
providence or fostering pauperism in
any act of his bounty. Us also paid
taxoa, thereby abutting th month of
objoe tors unlike some of his churches
in modern times, which clamor for ex
emption from taxation at th risk of
being regarded by th world as greedy
and unjust
Card MATBEHATiaAif. A oartaiu
ferson, who is also a school teacher,
snded a problem to hi class in mathe
matics the other day. Tbe firs, boy
took it, looked at It awhile, aad aaid :
"I pass." Second boy took it and said i
1 turn it down. 1 be third boy star
ed at it awhile, and drawled oat: "I
can't make it" "Very good boys,"
said tbe parson, "we will proceed to
out for a new deal." And th twitch
danced like lightning over the shoal
ders of tho dtpreved young math,
maticiana.
A correspondent of tbe Ohio Farmer
state tbat he kept plum tree from
eurculio by sprinkling tb ground a fi
ller in tree wit corn mL Thai las
duces tbe chicken to scratch and
search, Th meal waa straws (vwrv
morning from th Ubm U Uas blos
somed ontil th trait wa large otgh
to ne out oi aanger. i n eon),rBo
waa, that th fowl rxcknd aa ta aar-
culio with th aaeal, aava u ti-M be
ing saved from tbe pt-aseno of th In.
la, wa wonderfully Ailtful.