the ! I
u CLEARFIELD REPCBLICAS,"
r WSItMltliAT, BY
GOODLANDEU & LEE,
CLBARriKLD, PA.
U1ITAIILIHUI IN IiT.
rhe Urfftwt t'treaUtloa f ny Newspaper
In North Central Peamylviiila.
if naid w ulrtiM, e abtn uuu
If paid aftar ui hoiTortj, aaontba. ... 8 AO
(f paid aftor tlM eipireatioB af woaf ha... S 4M
Batesol Advertising.
frnint t4vrtlMiants, paf.rqi.fcre of IQIInoier
oh, iIiom or Waa tl &0
, Vnr uhoqnnt inMrtinrti b9
iwiW" Alft'julji JJi,"t,,r' natiff I 50
A q iffifltr limt twm ,, .Ttll'dXf ja-V'
Cftutlum and Btryi.... .... J
Ia,atlnn not ff n0
Prnfeai.oi.al rnli. 6 linea or ten,, year..... 00
LmI noticai.par linn n
YKAHI.Y ADVKHT.SKMKNTS.
I qUr IS I otamn 00
1 aquaroa... 11 0tl I ooluinn.... TO OA
aquaroa... 20 AO I 1 oluinn ISA AA
O. n. flOODLANDER,
.NOEL 11. LKK,
Publihf.rt.
(Parfls.
km. m. tterrtxi oii,
mro. o'l. ires.
Mill. HUGH & HICK.
ATTORN EYS-AT-LAW,
Clearfield. !.
All legal bur'tnes, promptly attended to. OWe
on Second street, in the Masonic building.
Jn l.7T
wrc'.'ARNOLD,
LAW COLLECTION OFFICJS,
Cl'RWENsTILI.E,
e2 Cleerneld County, Penn'a. 7y
THUS. Bl HUT, . CTKCB .oBOuB.
MURRAY & GORDON,
ATTORNEYS AT LAW,
CLEARFIELD, PA.
flrOBce is Pie'a Opera llouso, second floor.
:30'71
FRANK FIELDING,
ATTOKN E Y -A T -L A W ,
ClearfleM, Pa. .
Will attend to all hueinesa entrusted to him
pioinptly Hid faithfully. novl2"73
Wtl.l.tAM A. WAt.l.ACB.
ABUT f. WAIXACB.
PAVIB L. BRKIB.
JOHN W. WRtULBT,
. WALLACE & KREBS, ,
(fuictittri lu Wallaoe A FiaMing,)
A TTORNKV8-ATIjA W ,
1.1-13 73 CleurUetd, la.
IKIH I. II BNALLV.
iasihl w. H'ccmir.
MoENALLY & McCURDY,
ATTOKNEYS-Al-LAW,
t lfrHcl.l, Pa.
4rLj;iil buninet Attended to prouptl.T withj
Llelity. omne OB neeoDI atreei, Above .no r irw
Vafional Dank. Jan:l:7t
G. R. BARRETT,
ATToRSKT ASO (lotltlHELO AT LAW
CLEAKFIKl.I), PA.
Ilavinj .-elffned hi. Jailgeiihip, hae rreumed j
.he prAftlee or the law in nil OKI omre ai .leer
Acid, Pa. Will attend the oourt o7 Jrf7cr.on and
Kle eoantiee wben apecially retained in eonnection
ith re.ident oouneel. 1:14:72
A. G. KRAMER,
ATTORNEY -AT-LAW,
Heel K.tate and Colleetlon Agent,
I I. KAK1I l.l.l), PA.,
Will promptly attend to all Irgal buiinera ea
tra.ted to liii oere.
VOtnee in Pie'i Opera ll.iuie.
j.ul'TS.
WM. M. McCULLOUGH,
PISIItIC!' ATTOKN KY,
Clearflelrl. Pa.
HrOtllee In Hie Meeonle bnllllnj. Legal
bn.incl. prompt ly attended to. Rrnl estate bought
andlold1 J,,l.':8
A. W. W ALT E RS,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
Clearfield. Pa.
4u0fflea in Graham'! Row. dceS-ly
H. W. SMITH,
attorney-at-law,
tl:l:7S Cleartlrld, Pa.
WALT E R'BARRE TT,
ATTOKN EY AT LAW.
fleartJelU. Pn.
fl-nfPce ia bid Weelern Hotel hailding.
eortier of 8eooad and Market Sti. noeSI.Se.
'Israel test
ATTORN KY AT LAW,
Clearfield, Pa.
J-Offlce Id tha fourl II note. IJjU.'"
iOHtiH. FULFORD,
ATTOKN EY AT LaV,
leartield, Pa.
p& Oil ee ob Matket itrtel, opp. Conrt Honne,
Jin. S, 1874.
76h1C CUTTLE,
ATTOKN EY AT LAW.
Hil Heal t'.etale Agent, Clearlleld. Pa.
Offlea on Third etreat, bat.Charry A Walnnt,
VReapeetfolly offeri hi aereieeelB eelllng
ad buying landa In Clearneld and a'ljoining
oantieei and with aa aipenaneeoi avertweni
ara aa a anrvayur, flatten nitniell that be ean
render lallitaetloB. Ifen. JrJ.'J:!!,
J. BLAKE WALTERS,
REAL ESTATE BROKER,
ANB DRALRB IB
Niiw Iaoh and Liiiiii.ior,
CLtAKFIEI.l), PA.
Offlee ie (Jrahain'e Row.
I 75:71
J. J. LINGLE,
ATTOKNEY-AT - LAW,
l:l Oarevla, Clearlleld Co.. Pa. y:pd
J. S. BARN HART,
AT'fltllNKY AT LAW,
llelleloiite. Pa.
Will praetlee In Clearlleld and all ol the Court! of
Ibe Zstn Judicial diilrtet. Ileal eilata bumnea!
end collection uiVelaiuil made ipeeialtte,. Bl'Tl
DR.. W. A. MEANS,
PHYSICIAN k SURGEON,
Ll'TllKKSIHIRO, PA.
Will attend profeMtonal eall! promptly, auglu'70
DR. T. J. BOYER,
PHYSICIAN AND SUKUEON,
Oflloa on Market Street, ClearQeld, Pa.
r-Oflloa hoam I to II a. m , and 1 to I p. m
D
R E. M. SCIIEURER,
IIOMCEOPATIIIC PHYSICIAN,
OAoe la reridenee OB Market It
A ptil 14, l7. Clearlleld, Pa
J. H. KLINE, M. D.,
PHYSICIAN & 8UROEON,
UAVINU located at Penntleld, Pa., offeri hie
professional service! to the people af that
nU-e and aurronnditig oountry. Allealls promptly
DR. J. P. BURC H FIELD,
Uti 8timuD uf tb l:id HogltnvBl. PannfjlTMla
Volunteer!, having rtturnvd frt the Army,
tlTeri hi profeHtoDkl arvleti to theeititeni
tllMi'iOlW t'l'i Vif. i ' ' tot-nm tv-., - PRINCIPLES, NOT MEN.
or Cltarfleld oiiunty.
tl'rofoMion! oalU pronptly atUaded to.
Olfie oa Seonl atroit. foTVtyoeufii hj
Dr. Wood. .Pr,eJL"
DR. H. BVaN VALZAH,
t J.KAMPIICI.I). PKNN'A.
OI- KICE IN MASONIC Hl'lLDING.
fT Ofboe hours Pram II to 1 P. M.
May II, Wa,
D vTi MrMvwxTvri,
WOOULAMll, PA.
Will promptly attend all tills ia tba line of his
prolessl..a. BB.lt-Ti
DM. D0HERTY,
r AMIII.NAIIl.k! BAKHKkl HAIR DKK8KKR.
CLEARFIELD, VA.
Ph. p la room ronaerly aeenpled by Naogle
Market street.
. July 14, 7.
HARRY SNYUER.
(foimerly ltb UerRehaler.)
HAKRKR AND HAIRUREtSrtRH.
Kbop aa Market St- eepo.lle I oert House,
a eiean towel for erery customer. may laj.
Ilvrry Ntnble.
'I'lIK undersigned begs leaes to lateral the pet
1 He that ha H sow fully prepar" to aoeomas
este all ia the wyof forai'liing II. .ses. Buggies,
naddlea and llaraaaa, oa tha shortest Bolieo aaa
sa reaeoaebie terms. Reaidaaaa a Loout atnat,
bewea Third alul FoanW.
IK0. W. nKARUART.
Kaarleli, Feb. 4, 1(74.
i 1
CLEARFIELD
I ttat K i r urn v m o rot - M ypV,"'CTB? Jftll,'ivriWiiM ln,,f "TTF VOL 1cS. N0 ft.'
Cards.
JOHN D. THOMPSON
Jaltlea or the I'eaoe and BerWener,
C urwenevllle, Pi.
fcavColleetione aada and monev promptly
paid
,,er. rel.'7lii
RICHARD HUGHES,
J1I8TICK OK TIIR I'EAOK
roB
lttratur Totrnthlp,
Oieeola Mllln P. n.
il offielal huelneM anlrBitrd to him W
promptly attended to. nielli0,
am. ALiinr Br aiiibt.- w. albcbt
W. ALBERT & BROS.,
MaBaractBren A ailenlira DaaleralB
Sawad Lumber, Square Timber, 4o.,
U'OUULANO, PBNN'A.
aa-Ordere eelloMod. Bill! tilled on ahort Botloe
and peaioiiaMe term,.
Addreil Woodlend P. 0., ClearBeld Co., Pa.
.jj.lj W M.llr.UT A IIKHrl.
FRANCIS COUTRIET,
MEUCUANT,
Kreuchvllle, learBrld County, Pa.
Keep! oonetantly on hand a full aeeortnent of
Dry lloofla, naraware, iw.nn, tj""-.
niually kept In a reUil ttore, wbleb will beaold,
(or ra.h, a eheap ae elsewhere in the oounty.
Frenohvllle, Jane 7, IH7-ljr.
THOMAS H. FORCEE,
hBALBB IB
OENEKAL MKliCllASIHSE.
C;RAllMTt)!. Pa.
Also, extensive msnurectnrer and dealer in Square
Timber and 6awed Lumoernf ell kinds.
ir-Orders s..llelted etd all hills promptly
ruled. l'J;ll'IJ
REUBEN HACKMAN,
House and Sign Painter and Paper
Hanger,
leartlelil. Peuu'a.
ltLWIII eaeente Jobs in his line promptly and
In a wurkmaalika manner. a, r4,tl7
G. H. HALL,
PRACTICAL PUMP MAKER,
NEAR CLKARPIKLD, PENN A.
4r Pumps always on hand and made to order
on short notice. Pipes bored ,n reasonable terms
All work warranted to render saiisisenon, enu
delivered If desired. myloilypd
E. A. BIGLER & CO.,
DUAL Rill IX
SQUARE TIMBER,
and inanulacturers or
AM, KIMISIIKHtWUI l.l MI1:R,
-771 CLEAKFIKMI, PKNN'A.
JAS. B. GRAHAM,
dealer io
Beal Estate, Square Timber, Boards,
81I1NCII.ES. LATH, k PIC KETS,
:!A73 ClenrtlcM, Pa,
I7ILLIAX1 M IIENKY, Juhtice
f T r rn Pa.ica sn Scritkkrr, Ll'M liKK
CITY. ColIectioM uxtde and tuonev prttiiiHy
noid ovr. Article! of atcrccuvnt and deutla ol
ooDvjanoe neatly etecutol and warm n ted oor
root or ao ebarire. Wjj'711
JAMES MITCHELL,
DXALBH IB
Stjimre Timber & Timber LiindM,
JeH'7 CLEARFIELD, PA.
JAMES H. LYTLE,
la Kralier's Ilulldlnp;, CIcarBeld, Pa.
Dealer In Oroeeiles, Provisions, Vegetables,
Fruits, Flour, Feed, etc., etr.
aprl4'7t-tf
WARREN THORN,
BOOT AND SHOE MAKER,
Market HI., Cltarfleld, Pa.
In the ihop Wtely occupied by Prank Fbort,
one door west of Alleghany House.
ASHLEY THORN,
ARCHITECT, CONTRACTOR and M ILDER.
Plans aud Specifications furnished fur all kinds
of buildings. All work Oral class, rllalr buil I
log a specialty.
P. O. address, Clearlleld, Pa. Jan.l7-77lf.
R. M. NEIMAN, -
SADDLE and HARNESS MAKER,
Humbarger, ClearQeld Co., Pa.
Kerpi od band ill Hindi of lUrnMl, Stddtee,
Undlnsand Hvrat Furninbin Uwodi. Knairing
prtiini'tl; attended to.
Hnu.Utg.-r, Jan. U, l7Mf.
JOUN A. STADLER,
BAKKH, Markot Kt., ClrarBcM, Pa.
FrtRh Drrad, Kuak, Ho Hi, Piei and Oa ae
on hand or madr to orilnr. A getivral airoiiment
ul I'otitectionariri, Fruit and Nuti in fjek.
Ice C'rt-nm Dd 0tcrt in M-naon. Ha loon ntarlj
oppnailo tha I'ualuffioe. Pnera aiodemre.
March I0-'7o.
J. U. M'MUllUAY
WILL BUITLY YOII WITH ANY-ARTICLE
OK MKRCHANDItfE AT TUB VERY LOW EST
PRICK. COM B AND BEE. l!:6:7.1,:
NEW WASHINGTON.
MAKBI.K AMI HTflNB YAH P.
Mra. M. H. l.ilillKI 1.,
Having angaged in the Marble hasiness, desire
to inform bar trieoda and the pubho that sha ha.
now and will keep eonstantlvon band a largo ami
well selected stoek of ITALIAN AND VKRMOM
M A HBLK, and is prepared to furnish lo order
TOMUBTONES. BOX AMI CRADLE TOM lib.
MONUMKNTH, Aa.
toejuYard. on Reed street, near the R, R. Depot,
Clearlleld, Pa. . JeM.IO
WHOLESALE LIQUOR STORE.
At tht end of the new bridge,
WEHT CLKAHFIKL0, PA.
TLe nniprlntor of tbif tabllnhoicBt will bu
hit liquora direel rrom dtetillere. Partlea t)U.Ting
from tbia bouee will be aura to grt a pnre ariicle
at a until margin abota eoat. iioiei kprpera oao
bo furni.hed with llquora on reaaonabie termi.
Pnro wibm and brandiea diraol Irvm creiej'a
Vinarr, at Batb, Naw Yurk.
UKUhUR N. COLUl'IiM
Clearfield, June in, IH76 tf.
S. I. SNYDER,
PRACTICAL WATCHMAKER
ABB tJBALBB IB
Watches, Clotki ond Jewelry.
Oron's Jtess, Jfartel rW,
(LEARFICI.I), PA.
All kinds af repalrine; in my line promptly at.
ended to. April la, 174.
"ANDREW HARWICK,
Market Ulreet. Clearfield. Pa
HiatirArf raa. abb nBAi.aa IB
DARNEHA, BADDLES, URIHLEt, COLLARS,
and all kinds of
UOHSt rVHNISHIHO OOODS,
A full stoek of Paddlees' llenlwara, Rrushas,
Combs, BIsBiats, Rubes, ate., alwajl oa band
and for sale at the lowest eaeh prices. All kinds
of repairing promptly attended to.
All kiode of hides taken la atcharge for har
ness and repairing. All klada of harness leather
kept an band, and for Bale at a small profit.
Clearfleld, Jan. II, 17
JOHN H. FULFORD,
OIiSRAL INSVHANC AUSNT,
Clearfield, Pean'a,
Represeate all the leading Fire Inieraoee
f ompaaies Ol me oountry i
Queen
.lti,ono,fo
. fl.livn.llAO
. MM.1I4
. t,S .(..
. a.3na,a.se
, l,5.JO,
, l,t:.v
tl.tOK
t06,41
II0,0
hoyal Canadian
Home, New York
I.vooming, Money, Pa
FrenkHn, l'hilad's.
I'hesall, Hartford
Hanover, New York
Memo, Col , O..
Alias, Hertford
provldeoee, Washington
p.,uu about rffeetlna aa laiaraaoa on prop.
arty af any Had, should aall at B aBea, oa
Market street, oppeeiie ma uoun sieuee, -
au list af eoeapaale and ralea befoea laeariag.
' JOUN U.riLF0RD,
CUarteld.P., fV.,7-ly t
MOVXlAiy
MEADOW
cm;.
MASSA
Ctll.D Bl.OOliKll BLAI UHTtuliF UNVIitli
MO D AN H TWENTY KMIIlRANTr) ON THE
PLAIN- A flllAI'IIIC BKF.TCI1 OF THE
CHIME AND ITS CONHFQL'KNCEfl.
From tha New York Herald, January
In the Bprinje of IP.'iO Elder Tcrlpy
P. i'rnlt, of the Mormon community,
aeniifctl liom Iut homo thowilt'Ot Mr.
II. 11. JMcLvnn, u merclintil, of San
Frnnciwo, to tnnko her his acvuntb
wilb. On tier tlii'iit the desertt'd him
bnnd Bout liiit two vliililrcn, a very in-
tcroHtinie boy nnil j;iH, to his lulher-in-Inw
in Now Orleans. Some time nttcr
wiirtl the mother left Halt Lako, got
the children and Mnrtott haek to I lah
wilh them. On dim-ovcring this tho
iloiililv itiMircil lather stiirtetl in tinmuit.
lie eutnu to New York, heard ot Pratt
hero and traehed him from this point
to Kt. Louis. There ho lout him. Then
ho leil for Now Orleiiim, where he
heard hid w ilo and ihildren were then
poinjr thrniiirli Texas lo Salt Lako, so
on ho went to 1 exits. In his search
for the misHinrr ones ho hnd learned
that his wife had assumed tho name
of Mrs. P. P. Parker, and while travel
liitfr throuuh Texas ho contrived to in
tereept bo mo letters whieh ho found
liearinij; thissuperseription. On break
in"; tho seal he saw they wcro written
in cipher. Ilo atiecoeded in finding
tho key to tho eiplior, however, and
discovered that tho letters wore from
Pratt and contained a request that the
caravan with which Mrs. McLean and
her children were travelling should go
lo the neighborhood ol rnrt tiibson, in
tho Cherokco Nation. Confused and
diHpitiiod, Mr. .MeLenii returned to
Now Orleans,' whoiico he started for
Port (ill's,, ii, aHsuming tho name ot
Johnson. Ho made known bis socrel
to tho officers ot the fort only. Iloro
his vigilant luul energetic pursuit of
tho fugitives was soon rewarded. Ho
captured not only his wile and children,
but the scoundrel who in tho namo of,
religion had enticed them from their
home, iho limed States Mnrshal
took them helbre Commissioner John
II. Ogden for trial. Tho case awoko
intense excitement at tho time, and
tho populace clamored for vengeance
on tiio wretch who had deliberately
plotted and planned the ruin of a pros
porous and happy family. Tho cipher
letters wcro produced ill Court, and
Mr. McLean told such a pathetic story
oi his wrongs that Pratt only escaped
lynching by being concealed in tho
jiiil. Even the complainant himself ho-
eamo so enraged lit one time during
tho trial that in tho very Court to
which ho had como lor justice ho
clutched his pistol to shoot Pratt then
und there. And no wonder, for ho was
told that tho law was powerless to
punish Pintt. Early tho next morn
ing the Mormon elder was dismissed
and left tho pluco seei-etly, but McLean
wulchcd and pursued him, overtook
him on his road and killed him in his
tracks.
With his children McLean returned
to New Orleans, aud thu wife having
meanwhile become a raving maniac
was sent to an iusuno asylum.
MOTIVE FOR TUB CHIME.
It was this event, combined with the
iippreheiided appointment of now ter
ritorial officers by the (iovernmont,
that led to tho horrible mussacro of
emigrants at Mountain Mcudow soon
alter slight motives tor such a terri
ble cn mo. Piece by piece camo to
light tho fearful truth concerning that
monstrous slaughter, tor participation
in which John D.Leo was sentenced
last October to sudor the extreme pen
alty of tho law. Enriched by the
earlier discoveries in tho gold mines ol
Calilbrnia a iarty of Arkansas miners
returned to their homes with light
hearts und full pockets to lako back lo
the land ol gold their household goods,
wives, children and friends. Tho story
of their success inllnmcd tho hearts of
all their neighbors, and von' soon a
lurge party got ready and sot out, lib
erally provided lor tho trip across tho
Continent. 'J he emigrant train must
have numbered about 140 souls in nil,
und in property and money, horses,
Jiirniliiro and camp equipments was
rich beyond all comparison Willi tho
cniii'imil trains then moving westward.
The men wcro well-armed for defence
against roaming bunds of Indians, and
all cherished high hopes of a sale and
comtbrtablc journey und a prosperous
future in their intended now home in
I bo gold fields. Itclbro they had pro
ceeded very litr into the Territory of
L ImIi tho Mormons became informed
ot their approach, and deeming this an
excellent opportunity for rovengo und
plunder, culled a council at which it
was determined to order out tho Mor
mon militia, "to Ibllow and attack tho
accursed (Jciitilcs, and let tho arrows
of the Almighty drink their blood."
Mcnn.inio the Mormons assured their
unsuspecting victims by pretended
friendly advice. They told them it
was too lute to cross the Sierra Nevada
Mouiilnins by tho old emigrant routo.
1 his was in the soring ol lbu7, and
the emigrants wero told their bolter
way would bo logo through Southern
Utuh and IVevuua to J.os Angelos.
They iirocccdcd as advised and iiasscd
unmolested tor some days through the
settlements of the Latter Day Smuts
About tho fourlh day alter passing
through Cedar City tho emigrant band
cuuipcil in a little valley well grussed
and watered and sheltered by hills on
either side. It was a beautiful spot
forucnmp.aud the)' admired ils natural
advantages, looking upon that as an
curt lily purudise which was soon to be
to them a field of frightful slaughter.
While in camp at this point their first
intimation ot (lunger rume in tho lorm
of w hat they believed to bo an Indian
surprise at the rear. Tho attack was
sudden, hut was met with the prompt
ness that charaeterieed tho frontiers
men of that timo. Willi great rnpidi
ty Ihey parked their wagons In lines
of breastworks, behind which were
gathered their women and children.
They dug trenches and arranged mat
ters so that water and some fuel could
he procured without leaving tho shel
ter thus provided. Then, with their
old long rifles, thev kept at bay the
attacking party without loss beyond
that sustained in the cupturo of their
animals, which were run oft at tho first
fire.
A PROTRACTED SOME.
1'oT fivo days tli assault was kopt
up aud tho tlefeneo sustained Without
nny definite result being arrived at.
All this time the appearand Indicated
that tho attacking party wore ravages.
The)' wort) tlruivwd and puintod like
Indians and imitated their ways so
well us lo completely deeeivo tbo .mi
grants. But while thoro wero proba
bly a few Indiana among; tha lot, tho
majority of thorn w ho hnrrasned tho
untiirtunato travellers wera members
of the Utah militia, beaded by Major
Jobn 0 I roe. Whilo tho siege laded
some of these fiends amussd lueniMlvea
br Hitching quoits and, Indulging in
other pastimes wheat, temporarily re
lieved from duty. At lost, finding tho
work too slow, Leo sent word back
laakM y.S'ilA!.'Ma itot.whojlvjiuiicesr)-
KT. (TirTctTTtMi't
Lieut. Col. Isaac C. liuight, of the
mililiu, ordered out reiiiloreeiueiils, with
instructions to thoBO going to Lee's as
sislunce that "all but the littlo children
of tho party wore to bo killed." liuight
at this timo had just returned from
"military headquarters" at Purowan,
where a uiililury council had been hold,
and ho was but giving uttcranco to the
decrees of the "Church" devoting tho
company to instruction. When tint re
inforcements joined Leo ho massed ull
tho troops near a little spring, and
made them a speech, telling them "his
orders from headquarters were to kill
ull but tho little children." Then at
the lioud of his command he approach
ed the emigrant camp, most of his mock
Indians huving uieunwhilo discarded
Kaint and feathers. As ho advanced
o sent out a Hug ol truce, to the great
joy ot tho emigrants, who dressed a
pretty young girl nt their party all in
white und pluccd her outside the de
fences, to show that they, too, were
disposed to be fricudly. Then followed
a parley, and Loo told tho emigrants
thu hills wero alivo wilh Indians. Ho
advised them to leave their arms as a
measure of safety ,astho Indians wanted
plunder and not blood, and his men
would protect them back to the Mor
mon settlements. Tho -emigrants at
flint objected, but finally consented, and
marched out of their fortifications with
out the least apprehension of duiigcr
from their prolcssed friends. Not an
Indian was in sight ot this timo. By
Lee's order tho men wore separated
from the women and children, tho lut
ter going to the front. Hull' a mile
the devoted band had scarcely gone
from their camp when, at tho monster
Leo's command, they wero shot dead,
every ono except tho seventeen little
children ot tho party, whose lives the
"council " had ordered should be spared.
Ono hundred and twenty men, women
and children wero slain in cold blood.
Bolbro tho women of the party had all
been killed one young girl is reported
to buvo rushed from the crowd toward
Lee. .She first throw herself on her
knees before hira and begged him to
let her live. Sho then roso up and,
twining her arms about bis neck, cried
lo bim to sparo her ; that bIio was go
ing to California lo join her lover, who
anxiously awaited licr there, and to
whom she was to be married on her
nrrival. Ho repaid her confidence by
dragging her aside with vile intent,
and becuuso she resisted him and tried
to defend herself with a knife sho
chanced to buvo in her possession ho
shot her through the heud.
THE PLUNDER
For years after tho perpetration ol
this during crimo tho properly of the
murdered emigrants wus openly used
by their murderers, and tho futoof tho
missing ones lor some, timo remained a
mystery, their death being laid at tho
door of the savugos. Some Indians did
participate in tha massacre, but they
wailod lor the whilo savugos to set
them an example in human butchery,
only rushing from their ambush to sur
round tho emigrants when, by Lee's or
der, tho flint shots bad boon fired.
After tho massacra tho bodies of the
murdered omigrunis were left on tho
o.ien prairie to bo devoured by tho
wolves. So closely was the secret ot
this terrible deed guarded that not even
in the northern Mormon settlements
wus it known for a long time that any
whito men had participated in the
slaughter. Tho first authentic tidings
ol tho lato ot the emigrants reached
tho outside world through Mr. Wm. 11.
Rogers, a Government Agent, who
heard something ot it while crossing
tho Plains in charge of treasure train
in 18fi7. Tho next year ho was ap
pointed Indian Agent in Utah, and wus
ordered to rescue tho children whom
it was believed the Mormons bud saved
from tha savages. .
Wilh the impudence of brigands tbo
"Latter Day Saints demanded a ran
som lor their release. Mr. Rogers re
fused tho demand and gathered the
children together. To his amaxement
ono of tho children, then ubout eight
years old, told one day that it was not
Indians, but whito fnen, that killed
their parents. With a eompany ot
cavalry be went to the Mountain Mosd
ows, whore a horrid sight met his gaze.
Tba skeletons of 120 men, women and
children wero spread upon the hold,
the flesh torn from the bones by hun
gry wolves, and bullet-boles through
tho heads of most of tho victims. A
large quantity of hair from tho heads
ot tho women was gathered tip from
the sage bushes, and nil tho remains
were given a Christian burial. A few
days afterward two Mormons called on
Mr, Rogers, and tolling him "their
hearts were pressed with grief, said
they would give him a true history of
the Mountain Meadow massacre if ho
would spare their own lives. Ho told
them to proceed, and then they related
to him tlio story told above, naming
Leo as tho leader. Somo blooded-stock,
wagons, carriages and other property
owned by tho emigrants, they said, hud
been taken to tho Mormon tithing
establishment and sold at pnhlic auc
tion for the benefit of tho "Church."
Brigham Young, it is said, kept ono of
the carriages and a piano for his own
use. In the Mormon versions of the
story of tho massacre it was mado to
appear that tho emigrants provoked
both tbo Mormon settlors and tho In
dians in their progress through Utah.
Tho Mormons said their destruction
was chargenblo to the Indians alto
gether, and that they wero attucked
because they had poisoned a spring at
which cattle drunk and died, and ihul
Indians ale the flesh of these- animals
and died also. But this has been pro
nounced absolutely untruo by those
who nave investigated the matter, and
it wns well established both before a d
nt tho time of Lee's trial that tho mur
der of tha unsuspecting emigrants was
but the elocution of a well laid plan
ordered by tho Mwrmon council, and
thut Leo not only executed but ex
ceeded his sanguinary ortler. With
his own hand he killed women and
children lying helpless after tho first
volley. If shot a man down who hold
a child In his arms and who know and
recognited him through Ins disguise.
lei's arrest.
tn November, 1874, Leo was arrett
ed, aud was soon after indicted for par
tieipation in this fearful crime, lie
had evaded pursuit for a long time,
living with ana of bis eighteen wives,
an Knglisb women, among tba Navajoo
Indiana, whore his hut was like an
arsenal. 11 n first trial continued
through part of July and August, 1875,
and on tha testimony then adduced tbo
jury failed to agree. During bis trial
hia cell was searched, and elaborate
preparations for an intondod sscapo
were discovered. At this time one ol
bis wives tried to sea him. and. moot
ing with a refusal, ah assaulted the
jailor, . In September, 1876, ha was
again tried, and toe jury found mm j
1
guilty if murder in tho first degreo.
Having in that Territory tho right to
chooso whether ne snouid no liangeu
form orexM-iiiW,iKaTrns,Tir,,l7i d.mff-
sentenced to bo slot on thoSh'lhday
of Junnary, 1877.
A few days previous to tho timo
fixed for the execition of John I). Leo,
tho Mormon bishop, for his complicity
in tbo Mountain Meadow massacre,
his counsel upplird to tho Supremo
Court of Utuh an l lio was granted a
stay of execution. 1 1 may be possible
that Lco'b misorutlo existence will still
ho prolonged by an appeal of his case to
tho Supremo Court of the United
States ; but his execution is only a mai
ler of time. Ed. Hep.
It ED HA A' A' 8 TA TI 0.V, A. P. . Jt.
Correspondence of the Warren Ledger
Mb. Kiutor : To somo portion of
tho many people who travel over tho
Allegheny Valley Railroad, there are
points passed that possess a great de
gree of historical interest. The ordi
nary traveller would hitlity suspect
I lint such u place us Bed limit Station
possessed uny history nt all ; much
more, that it was once a lively business
place a place in which more business
was transacted than uny other in Clar
ion county. Such, however, is true.
Here is now tho western terminus of
tho Low (irado division of tho Alle
gheny Valley Ituilroud an important
station on tho Itiver Division of the
Allegheny Valley Builroad.
Long before tho invention of minorul
oil long before any railroad was built
up tbo Allegheny river tho point of
land above tho inmilh ol Ked Bunk
creek was called " Waltorsoi 's Kerry."
James WuUerson w as tho mtstor spirit
of tho pluco und had matters there
pretty much his own way. Tho neces
sity for a business plaeo n: this point
aroso from the fact that numerous iron
furnaces had boon built it almost all
parts of Clarion county tlat suw-mills
began to bo built on the Clarion rivor
and on tho lied Bunk ca-ek. About
tho same timo the J rent Western Iron
Works begnn to bo built ip ut llrady's
Bend, on tho present sitoof tho broken
down concern. Tho Western Division
of tho Pennsylvania Canal wns in
operation a few yours helbro Ibis time,
and a pretty gotsl road had been made
from tbo canul at Kreeport over tho
hills to a point opposite Kittnnning,
nnd a ferry connected this point with
tho town opposite. Tho mud was also
continued on the ridge from wborolho
road to Kittanning lelt tho ridgo to
descend to tho river, on lo the "(ircat
Western," and thenco over tho hills to
Wattcrson's Ferry. From Waltcrson's
Kerry a road was built up tho rugged,
rocky rivor hills to tbo top, and thence
branched off to the various farms and
furnaces. There was also tho main
through road that continued on to
Clarion town, whore it connected with
what was once called "The Old Wil
derness Turnpike," which, os I slated
in a loimnr paper, was ojiencd in 1819
from Bellcfonlo to Meadville. A line
of stages was soon put on und run from
Freeport toCliirionhy this route, taking
in a call at Kittanning, "Great West
ern" nnd Wattcrson's Ferry. Wben
the railroad was opened to Kittanning,
the stages started from that point, and
u bridge wus built across the river to
accommodate travel.
Bnt the chief business ol Wattcrson's
Kerry consisted in tho freights that
wore delivered there by the steam
boats and kcelhonts that then naviga
ted the waters of tho river. For near
ly all the supplies of goods and ma
chinery necessary to commence nnd car
ry on the business of producing pio;-iron
bad to leavo the rivor here and be
hauled on wugous and sleds to tha
places w here tiiey wero to bo used.
Thcro was fur more excitement then
In Clarion county about producing pig
iron, than there is now about produc
ing minorul oil. The ourly lumber
men thut began to operate upon tho
upper waters of tho Rod Bank and
upon the upper waters of tho Clarion
river, also had theirsupplios of all kinds
landed bore, and the wurehousoa wero
crummcd with goods every time the
wnter raised enough to allow the steam
boats to run. The consequence ol all
this was, that thoro was always a
throng of teams thcro loading, by day
and by night, when tho roads were
reasonably good. Wattorson occupied
the largo two story bouse that stands
between tho railroad and tho hill
south of tho present depot building and
ketit tavern there. Comparatively low
of the teamsters stopped with him.
They would mostly carry their own
feed for their teams, nnd a "dinner-box"
contuincd their provisions. But Wal
ter-son's house was always full of peo
ple. Thoro wero peoplo onotigh thut
had business there who woro not team
slers, to more than keep his house
full all tho timo.
After a whilo Wuterson slept with
his fathers. A company built a furn
uco there and culled it lied Bank Furn
ace, Gradually tho pluco begun to bo
called "lied Bunk Furnace," and finally
it uccamo simply "Hod liank. A
pretty good road wus built from Ma
honing, up over the hill to Now Bothlo
hem. fhe iron busineems died out, and
so did the business nt Wuttorson Ferry
now Red Bunk.
The first locution of tho Low Grade
division of tbo Allegheny Valley Road
was mado up the vulley ol theilulion
ing Creek for a few miles, probable
six or seven, to a point where tho
sircums (Muhoning and Red Bunk)
approach pretly near to each other,
where It was inteuueu to make a tuu
ncl through tho intervening hill to Now
lietblohoiu. By this routo il would
have been about six miles shorter, and
not any more expensive than by tbo
present routo. But Col. Philips sot
aside another locations ull other cal
culationsand mado the roaJ us il is.
Ilonco Red Bunk has again become a
noted pluco, contrary to all expecta
tion. Muny said the Colonel wus con
trary and ugly, and in many instances
delighted to go contrary to what most
ot the wise people deemed tor tbo best,
but in tins instance i mink be was
looking mora for business from tho
rivor oil fields than Irom Piltsburir,
und hence he mado tho terminus of bis
mud point in that directum. The oil
Irom the lower regions goes orer the
Low tirade road east. Lund is very
scarce and costly at lied Bank,
since tho railroad occupies about
all therein of it, much of which has been
excavated from tha rocky aido hill.
1 he principal pisca ol entertainment
is thereloro kept upon a boat thut is
moored in the rivor : and food and
and lodging is furnished toas many as
can bo accommodated.
The old Bed Bank lurnaca is still in
full blunt, and all thu land that is avail
able is covered with piles ol pig metal.
Kven tho Low Grade railroad is over
the furnaco Yard on hosts, so that no
available apace may be leltanoooaided.
Ho macb lor Bed Bank. ,
JIeurt Baxthu.
REPUBLICAN,
THE VALVE OF A OAT II.
BY JUIMH CLARK.
Iv-au.-e-.ji.tt. :i9'j!ijis.trjts to.dofond.
Tho'cmiio '(ValVrTttf,dirMr-r.rr-ti-'
was ono of shocking atrocity, the mur
der of his own child. Tbo popular ver
dict had already condemned bim, and
thero was littlo doubt but that of the
jury would go tho same way.
Arthur Berkley, tho prisoner, bad
married Kdith Granger, a wealthy
heiress whose father bad died, leaving
her his whole fortune, to tho exclusion
of a profiiguto son whom ho had dis
inherited and driven from bis home.
Mrs. Berkley diod within a year af
ter marriage, leaving un infant a tow
weeks old, a feeble littlo croaturo, ro-
?uiring constant and assiduous caro.
ndoed Dr. Baldwin almost took up
hs quarters in tho house, olten passing
tha uigbt thoro, thut he might bo at
hand in case of need.
One of these nights, the doctor, as
ho afterwards stated in his evidenco,
alter retiring to bod, feeling solicititotis
about his littlo charge, got up and stole
softly to tho nursery to see that every
thing was right.
Ho lound tho door ajar and a dim
light burning within. As ho advanced
ho disticlly saw Arthur Berkley stand
ing by the tablo, holding to the child's
mouth the bottlo from which it was
accustomed to rocoivo its food. At
tbo sound of the doctor's footsteps, he
quickly putdown the bottlo.and stealth
ily lelt tho apartment by a side en
trance. Not a little surprised attheso move
ments, the doctor approached and laid
his hand upon the child's face, which
ho found in violent convulsions, which
wero followed in a few moments, by
tho stillness of death.
A post mortem examination, and an
alysis oi the contents of the stomach,
placed it beyond doubt tbut prussic
acid bad been administered. And an
examination of tho bottle, found whero
Berkley bad lelt it, proved that tho
milk In it contained a large quantity
of the same deadly poison.
On this evidenco Berkley was ar
rested und indicted for murdor ; and
thoro wns not a dissenting voico as to
his guilt. An incentive to tho crime
was found in the fact that, as heir to
bis child, ho would inherit the fortune
which hud descended to the latter
through tho death of its mother. No
wonder a deed so monstrous, actuated
by motives so mercenary, should cx
eito the deepest indignation.
Berkley's previous character had
been good. He had always appeared
gentle and kind ; had been a devoted
hushnnd ; und, during the brief period
of its lite, bad shown the tenderest at
tachment to his child.
In my conference with bim, beseem
ed overwhelmed with griof, but stren
uously denied all imputations of guilt,
asserting tbut bo bad not gone to the
nursery alter retiring that night, till
called by tho alarm of tho child's
death.
Of course his statements, in the face
of proofs so damaging, weighed but
littlo. I bad no conbuonco in them
myself. Still, it was my professional
duty to seo that a man on trial fur his
lilo, who had entrusted mo with his
cause, had every right tho law accord
ed him. This duty performed, my
conscience would bu clear whatever
tho result.
It would bo tedious to dwell on the
steps preceding tho trial. I interpos
ed no obstacles in Its coming on speed
ily. My aim was not to thwart tbo
ondsot justice, but to see it fairly motcd
out.
Dr. Buldwin was tho first and cliiof
witness. Ho told his story cloarly and
methodically ; and il was easy to see
it carried conviction to the jury. My
rigid cross-examination only served to
bring out bis evidenco wilh more dis
tinctness of detail. 1 elicited the fact,
for instance, that tho child's nurse lay
in tbo saino room ; that she was asloep
when the doctor entered, and that it
was to her ho first announced the
child's death. I also examined fully
as to tho prisoner's aots at tbo time
the alarm was given, endeavoring to
show that ho came from tho direction
of his own chamber, appearing to have
just boon aroused from sleep. J)ut 1
made nothing ol this, the witness stat
ing that his agitation had distracted
his attention from these points.
The doctor had onlv recently settled
among us, but his conduct bad been so
oxcmplary that he bad mado many
friends, ilo bad especially won tho
confidence of the prisoner. I Interro
gated him as to his past career, but
brought out nothing to bis discredit.
The evidence ot tho chemist who
nindo analysis was next put in, and
the State's attorney "rested."
"1 have brought tbo nursohore," ho
said, "but as she was asleep when the
prisoner entered, her evidenco is unim-
Eorlant. I thought it my duty to have
or here, howover, to afford the othor
sido tho opportunity to call her it they
desiro."
Nothing could render the prisoner's
case more hopeless than It was already,
while something might eome out tn
his advantage.
"1 will call tho witness," I said.
Sho was a middle-aged woman, ot
not unprepossessing apjiearance. Her
agitation was visiblo: and 1 noticed
Hint, in taking tho oath, she laid her
hand hcsido tho book and not npon it.
"1 ask that tho witness be sworn
with her bund on the book," I said,
calling attention to thoomision.
The Judge so ordered ; and tho wit
ness' hand shook violently as she re
luctantly obeyed the direction, and the
oath was re administerod.
After a few preliminary questions aa
to the hour of nor retiring, her falling
asleep, Ac,
"W hat is tbo next thing you remem
ber?" I asked,
Tho witnoss hesitated.
"Answer tho question," said bis
Honor.
"11 heard a noise as of some one
coming into the room," she faltered.
"Did you seo any one enter ?"
Another pause.
1 repealed the inquiry.
"I did," was tho answer.
"What did tho person dof
The woman's face grew paler, and
it was wilb difficulty sho lound utter
ance. "lie came to Iho sido of the cradle,
sho said, "wilh a bottle of milk In bis
band, and put it to the baby's month."
The J udge and .State's attorney both
bent forward in eagor attention. The,
latter, it was evident, bad not expect
ed this testimony.
1 fell that my questions, thus fur,
had only served to draw tha halter
closer about my client' neck. But 1
bad gone too tar to retreat,
Mv voice trembled almost aa much
as that of the witness 1 proceeded.
"Did you recognise that person r
"I did," was tbo answer, scarcely
audible.
My client's life bang on lb answer
In the next question I The nilepo of
the court room was death-like. I
dreaded to break it. The sound of my
voire startled me wben I spoke.
"Who was itr I asked.
ets.Usitjpaved., but ncesound came.
on that sacrod book, and by your
bones of salvation hereafter, I adjure
you to toll the truth!" I said earn
estly.
llcr agitation was fearful to witness.
She shook from heud to toot. A deadly
palor overspread her face. Slowly
raising her trembling hand, and point
ing at Dr. Baldwin
"That is the man!" she almost
shrieked.
Then, in quick, wild accents she
went on to tell that on finding himself
discovered by reason of ber waking,
tbo culprit, who was no other than
Goorgo Granger, Mrs. Berkley's profli-
;ato brother, had disclosed to ber that
is purpose was to regain bis lost in
heritance by putting out of the way
those who stood between bim and it,
Eromising the witnoss to provide for ber
andsomoly, if she kept his secret ; but
wben put to the test, sho had lound
herself nnablo to violate her solemn
oath.
George Granger, nfido Dr. Baldwin,
would havo left the court-room, but an
officer was ordered to detain him ; and
when bisdisguiso was removed, though
he had been absont many years, there
were many present who could testily
to his identity.
My client was acquitted on the spot ;
and his cell in the prison was that
night occupied by bis false accuser.
-iVnr 1'erA- LnJier.
ROMAN MAONIFICESCF..
If anything wo wanted to give us
an idea of Roman magnificence, we
would turn our cyos from public mon
uments, demoralized games and grand
processions, we would forget the sUt
ues in brass and marble, which out
numbered the living inhabitants, so
numerous that one hundred thousand
have boon recovered and still embel
lish Itally; and would descend into
the lower sphere of material lite thoso
things which attest luxury and tasto
to ornaments, drosses, sumptuous liv
ing, and rich furniture.
Tho art of using metals and cutting
precious stones surpassed anything
known at the present day.
In the decoration of houses, in social
entertainments, in cookery, the Ro
mans wore remarkable. The mosaic,
signet rings, cameos, bracelets, bronzes,
vases, couches, banqueting tables,
lamps, chariots, colored glass, gilding,
mirrors, mattresses, cosmetics, per
fumes, hair dyes, silk ribbons, potteries,
all attest great elegance and beauty.
Tho tables of tbuga root and Detain
bronze were as expensive as the side
boards of Spanish walnut, so much ad
mired in the Groat Exhibition at
London.
Wood and ivory wore oarvod as ex
quisitely as in Japan or China.
M irrors were made of polished silver.
Glass cutters could imitate the colors
of precious stones so well that the
Portland vase, taken from the tomb
of Alexander Soverus, was long con
sidered as a genuine sardonyx ; brass
con Id be hardened so as to cut stone.
The palace of Nero glittored wilh
gold and jewels. Perfumes and flowers
were showered from ivory ceilings.
The balls of .Kliogabulus were hung
with cloth and gold, enriched with
jewels. Tiberius gave a million of set-
tercos lor a picture tor bis bed room.
A banquet dish ot Diesillus weighed
five hundred pounds silver.
The cups of Druses were of gold.
Tunics were embroidered wilh the
figures ot various animals. Sandals
were garnished with precious stones.
Drinking cups wero engraved wilh
scones from the poets. Libraries were
adorned with busts and with tortoise
shell, and covered with gorgeous pur
ple. Tbo Romans grandees rode in gilded
chariots, bathed in marble baths, dined
on golden plate, drank from crystal
cups, (lept on beds of down, reclined
on luxurious couches, woro embroider
ed robos, and were adorned with pre
cious stones.
They ransacked tho earth and tho
seas tor rare dishes tor tboir banquets,
and ornamented their houses with car-
nets from Babylon, onyx cups from
liythinia, marbles from Numidia,
bronzes Irom Corinth, statues from
Athens whatever, in short, was pre
cious or curious in the most distant
countries,
Tbo luxuries of the bath almost ex
ceed belief, and on the walls were
magnificent frescoes and paintings, ex
hibiting an inoxhaustivo productive
ness in
in landscape and mythological
i. Pen and Plow.
scenes,
A SHREWD SIYIXDLEII.
Ono ol the sharpest cases of swind
ling which bos recently occurred in
this vicinity took place at one ol our
prominent dry goods stores not far
from tho corner oi vt inter and n ash
ington streets. A finely dressed lady
appeared in the shawl department of
the store in question, and, after careful
examination, selected a camels hair
shawl costing about 1100, for whieh
abe tendered in payment a 11,000 bill,
which was carefully scrutinized by the
cashier, who doubting his own powor
ot discrimination, dispatched a messen
ger to the hank to ascertain the gen
uinenoss of the bill. Meanwhile the
lady customer had become anxious to
procure Ibe chungo, and had approach
ed tho locality occupied by tbo max of
scrip when the messenger returned
and announced in an audible tone that
the cashier of the bank said that the
bill was good. The lady upon bearing
this waxed exceeding wroth and de
manded to know "whether ho thought
that she would attempt to pas) a coun
terfeit bill." Of coarse appoloK'"1 nd
explanations were ot no avail; and as
suming to bo highly indignant, she re
fused to purchase the sbuwi, demand
ed ber money, and departed from tbo
store the very emrxxnmoni oi ngnieous
indignation. A ooupis oi Hours auer
wardsshs returned ronsidorably molli
fied, and conlesscd that she was pleased
with tbo shawl, and tbat ber inability
to find one which she liked as well wa
the only reason she returned, and she
concluded to take it, which the oblig
ing salesman proceeded to have pre
pared, while the courteous cashier, dis
daining to entertain a suspicion against
such a lady, proceeded to count oat
the lilOU chantre, wild wniru ana aer
shawl the lady departed. Tha feeling
ol that shopkoeper ran bo better im
agined than doscribed when he awoke
to a realising sense of tha tact that bis
ladv eustotaer had. after all hia pro-
raution, eocceedod in passing upo him
a counterfeit 11,000 bill. It appears
tbat, anticipating just what had occur
red, sbe had provided herself with a
good bill, which played its part its tba
swrly stage of tlx gam, altar which
it retired ia favor oi lb counterfeit--
BcmVeralJ, , . j
TEBMS-$2 per urnum in AdvuM.
Having read your valuable paper ot
lata date 1 notice tbat the interest
taken is not onlv in one branch ot
! (V,JVaeC'A.?rerbl tfvejdcBsjhat
are quluras' BsefufTly aiicHi!M Leav
er. 1 have therefore taken the
liberty to present to your readers the
best mode of placing their butter in
market to command the highest price.
Having experience in the butter trade
for the past twenty -one years, and bar
ing been connected with the commis
sion trade for tbe past twelve year, I
offer a few suggestions and word) ot
caution in regard to the packing and
making of butter, hoping they may
result in some benefit. I wish lo im
press upon tbo minds ol Western ship
pers and makers of butler the necessi
ty of paying strict attention to this
great interest, which is yearly grow
ing in magnitude, it they wish to
compete with other sections. The
packing and package used are almost
as essential points as making, and this
fact should he remembered. Of course
all packages of butter are not alike,
and cannot be sold at the same price,
but a littlo more care and attention
paid in this respect (packing) would
do considerable toward bringing about
a greator uniformity in prices. Very
often commission merchants receive
complaint from country shippers da
ting that their butter was as good as
their neighbors', which sold as choice,
and probably from two to five cents
higher than theirs. This may be so in
tbeir own estimation, but other parties
may differ. Tbeir neighbors' butter
may have been put up in more desira
ble packages, probably new tubs ; tben
again tbeir butter may have been
streaked, probably only a least trifle,
wbilo tbeir friends' good bave been
straight and uniform in color, all which
would naturally tend at times to make
a vast difference in prices and create
dissatisfaction.
Makers and shippers should be careful
to pack butler uniform in color, and
should particularly remember that
streaked lots, no matter how sweet
and choice, cannot be brought in com
petition with lots running uniform in
color, tbe latter commanding a much
quicker sale at a fair premium, and in
every way compensating makors and
dealers for their extra labor and care.
Another fault is that a large portion of
tbo butter during the hot weather
turns sour and rancid very suddenly,
sometimes helbre being received, al
though it may have loft in good and
sweet condition from whence it was
sent. This fault lies with tbe makers
to remedy to some extent ; for instance,
the cream may have stood too loug, or
not been worked sufficiently to take
out the buttermilk, while another fault
would be in not sailing properly.
These minor points, although trifling
at first, are more noticeable after they
have gone through second bands and
finally reach other market. The
packing and packago used are, bow-
ovei, ot no secondary account in ine
matter of realizing tbe best market
prices, and during hot weather partic
ularly should shippers be especially
careful in regard to package. Jars
and boxes should be avoided as much
as possible, tbe former costing more
..r.i. l . i ..i .
ireigui, oesiuen uomg a pacitagv nut
easily handled. In handling at tbe
stations and express offices, and even
forwarding, jars and boxes are often
placed on top of each other, and a
there are no othor covers lor protec
tion, the quality is damaged by dotac.
ment and tho price is considerably
lessened. Tubs, pails, and firkins
should be nsed exclusively, but in this
some discrimination is required. Oak
firkins and tubs are taken in prefer
ence to others on account of their
noator appearance, though some par
lies uso homo made tubs, which they
claim answer for their purpose.
Another reason why these packages
sro becoming more in favor on the part
of dealers is the fact that they sell ,
mora readily to shippers, and parties
can also more readily agree to tare if
a certain mako of tub is used to which
they are accustomed. Therefore, 1
recommend tubs, pails, and firkins as
the most desirable, and, in tbo end, the
most economical packages used. Par
ties should be careful to soak tbeir
packages well before using. In butter
making always use the bust salt ; Ash
ton's factory filled dairy is most gener
ally used. Parties should bo carelul
to pack their butlor solid, completely
filling the packages, and to spread a
pioco ot clean new bleached cotton
over it, dipped in brine neatly tucked
in nt the edges, so when moved it will
not damage the appearance. Knowing
thut these instructions are old to few
but new to many, I offer them for tbe
purpose of having uniformity in trade
as well as in packing, boping i may
soon again havo tbo pleasure of soeing
other ideas in print regarding Ibe oom-
modity. Jme II. Loh, in American
urocer.
THE RAILROAD HOG.
"This scat is taken, sir I" All per
sons who bave traveled to any extent
re familiar with this lorm u I. It tells
tho story of the railroad hog the
small sou led, mean, selfish brute, who
pays grudgingly for one seat and strains
bis small wittobold two. This particu
lar bog wore a plug bat, sbiny with
tho geuuine Boston gloss ; an enameled
shirt and closely cropped iron beard.
1 know his kind, lie is an eminently
respectable beast, who always pays his
debts promptly, takes an interest In
Sunday schools, administer to bis de
ceased brotbors's children out of their
patrimony, ia tbe President of joint
stock companies, and bos biographical
eulogies published in tho newspapers
when bo finally kicks tho bucket. I
know tho bog lied wben he said,
'This seat, ia taken, sir," but 1
found one "that was not taken, sir,"
and watched bim to see bow many
times be could reproduce tbe falsehood.
The coach was rather lull, and wouhl
you believe it tba miserable bog told
sixteen separalo and distinct lie in
order lo gratify bis mean selfishness.
Knougb to sink a healthier soul to per
dition. He varied tha lormula ; one
time it waa a wave oi tha hand and a
look at the rear of tha car to indicate
tbat tha bolder oi the eoat had gone
tor a drink of water and would be back
soon. Another time, to the inquiry f
a mild mannered and timid qaeeuoaer,
he replied by a alolid star, and than
spreading himself a little wider he re
sumed the perusal of bis newspaper.
I was tempted to crawl up behind him
and hiss into his ear, " You're an awiitl
liar P Bnt I bad my revenge. A big
red faced two-bundred-poandar got in
at a way slatioo, , U wa weaty to
a fearful degree, ilia feet email like
a valerianate oi ammonia and rotten
fish, and bis breath was hot. stinklni?
sirocco, based on both whiskey and
onions. Thu behemoth preferred to
aaSI Lb e.imeu.11 in lk.u.1 (li.tetu l.k.n
This seat " Una tba bo. Well.
guess I'll tttka it till tba other tUow
oomos," and down he pluuged, partial'
ly crushing tba bag In bit tMsorat
The latter frowned aad began to blus
ter, but tha red faced ruffian aoon took
that out of him with threat to swal
low bim whole to pitch him oat ot
tba window, and to make many other
disposition) ot bim lo case b didn't
simmer down. Our porcine friend
simmered, and then the barbarian grew
good humored, lie told funny atnao
dote and poked tha bog io tn rib.
He wanted to know where be was fO
ing. UeepittobaooojuieMroabiue
out of tha window, spattering bis shirt
front, between bis boot and all around.
He offered him a "chew" every turn
he took oat his plug of navy. Tbe
bog perspired eely and sbiv.red
ua ditejust. i.nai'y t out
A STOR Y OF PROCTOR KSOTT.
Jones tells us a good story of Proc
tor Knott It will be rerbembered
thst in tba Fall of 1860. Knott, then
torney General on the itaib. jacksoa
ticket Wben Frank Blair aeixed tba
State of Missouri in 1861, he sent old
Colonel Bornstein, at tbe head of two
Gorman regiment, from St Louis to
take possession of Jefferson City.
Bornstein was a revolutionist of 1843
and a native of Hesse-Caasel. At hi
approach Claib. Jackson tied to Nsoa
ho, accompanied by all the Stat offi
cers, except Knott and on other. A
soon as Bornstein bad established in
possession, with herd-quarter at Lb
State House, he sent a corporal and
file of men to collect those fragment
of the Slate Government which Jack
son, in hut haste, had left behind. Th
corriOT&l collected our J. Proctoralong -with
the other fragment), and march
ed him up to the head -quarter, where
Bornstein, in lull regimental, with
sword snd pistols by bis side, and seat
ed in tbe great chair of tbe Chief Jus
tice, received him.
When Knott wa presented to him,
Bornstein began a speech a follow :
"Mr. Addoroey Sbeneral, der retolu
tion isb now gombled. Der maderial
oaf der Stbate Guflerment ish now in
undishbuted possession ol der dhroops
oaf der Unided Shdalea.' I am em
bowered to effect a reorganization of
der Sdhate Gnfferment npon der dhru
basis oaf der instidutions for yich our
forefaders blet and died"
"Allow me to interrupt yon, Colo
nel," Knott broke in, solemnly.
"Cerdainly," said Bornstein, with
enormous gravity.
"1 merely desire to conserve tn ac
curacy of history," pursued Knott
"Yon observe Colonel, tbat tha con
text of your remark would lead to tba
inference that your forefathers and
mine fought shoulder to shoulder in
that conflict But if you will refer to
any reliable account of Bennington or
Trenton or Princeton, yon will find
them represented as facing each other
on those fields!"
"Gorboral," replied Bornstein, sadly,
"dhake dot man away ; eshcort him
by bis house vcre ho life, nnd blac
bim under guard dill furder orters."
Knott tells me, say) Jones, that h
has never since ventured upon a Joke
at the expense of a Dutchman, Partic
ularly it he was a native ol ilesse-C'asael.
MITlGATIXa TEE HORRORS
OF WAR.
An ingenious pamphlet haa been
written by a German on improvement
of war. Believing tbat war is but a
natural outbreak of the pent-up forces
of humanity, which must from time to
time occur, be proceed to show that
its horrors are in a great measure du
to tba injuries inflicted on peaceful
civilians by a wanton deetructioa ol
life and property. War, he maintain,
it properly conducted, ahould ia no
way affect non-combatant, except io
ao tar aa they must suffer by rsetsoa of
bereavements; and, moreover, macb
may be dona to make it lea disagree
able to actual combatant. With this
view, be suggests that asm neutral
territory be set aside by the Karopaao
Powers and devoted entirely to blood
shed. No lighting is, onder any pre
tence whatever, to take place oat ol
this territory, which ia to be fftttd up
for war io the most elaborat fashion.
There i to be a training-school for
nurses, a college for surgeons, and
large hospitals. Prisoners of war will
be confined in building specially pre
pared for their accommodation. There
are also to be vast cemeteries and de
posits tor artificial limb), Ac. These
convenience will be open to all na
tion) wishing to fight at fixed and
reasonable charges. Weapons of every
description and in bet all tbe appli
ances for war may be bought or
hired, but no credit is to be given, and
the charges for battlefields are to be
paid before the first gun ia fired. All
profits, after payment of oxpense will
be devoted to the maintenance of tha
widow and orphan) of the fallen.
REFINEMENT.
Refinement ia not fastidiousness. It
is not luxury. It is nothing of this
kind. It is far removed from xceaa
or waste. A person truly refined will
not squander or needlessly consume
anything. Refinement, on th con
trary, is always allied to simplicity and
a judicious and tasteful employment of
the meansof good and happiness which
it has at command. It seek) to divest
itself of superfluities and aspire con
tinually to the utmost possible parity.
Refinement leads to personal cleanli
ness and elegant neatness, good taste
and simplicity in dress. All "loudness"
or "fiasbiness" is repugnant to its
spirit in its borne and surroundings
whether palatial, affluent or humble
tbe aim chutoness and natural grace
i maintained. Th abode of genuine
refinement and a mere pretender to
it are very different Jo tbe former
you will find no excessive gaudiness,
or false glittering; but the latter
abounds in it la personal manner,
refinement is most conspicuous. A
man wilh refinement is alway polite
without flourish, gentle without effem
inacy, end considerate wilboutstiffnes.
Display and ceremony are not identi
cal with refinement, and are poor sub
stitutes for it There is, of oura, no
refinement like tbat of the heart, which
impela its poeseasor to show oa all e
casions a thoughtful and kindly regard
for the feeling of other. No adhar
once to etiquette ean compare with it
or tba spontaneous observation of true
and gratifying politenesa.
CtsTia'sCoraTsHir Ths first lim
that General Custer set hi handsome
ye upon his future wife, waTwhwo
he wa fifteen year old, aad fniTto
school in Monroe, Michigan. GuUg ; ,
along tba street one any, I rougb,
flaxea-beaded, freckled faced boy pass
ed a little black-eyed, eight-year-old
girl swinging oo a gat. 8h wa a
pretty little creature, bar totkvar' pet,
an only child, and naturally apoiled.
She said archly, her little face dimpled
with smiles, "Hello! you Colter boy t"
Then, frightened at bar ewn tameri
ty, turned aad Bed into tba boo. It
waa love ai first eight with tha wild
young savage ot fllteeo, and he then
and there vowed that aom da
that same little girl should b but
wife. An e she we, bat only after
many lovers' woe ; Jadga Baeoo, pret
ty Luuie'a lather, wa lor a long lim
ohdtirat toward th yoang aVeava, who
be feared wa ckl aad arslela. aad
hi sailor submitted moat patiently ta
bia will antil at last b relented
It may b ronaidered aa on of th
moat ourioa thing) of lit tbat people
who need areas. t meal tt the ImsA.