i
I
,. . . THE r; c . .
" CLEARFIELD HKPIBLICAJ.,"
rCiUIIID ITIRT VIDIBIDAT, Mt
GOODLANDEU & LEE,
OLBARNILD, PA.
EMTAHLIIHKOIN 1891.,
fhe lareet Wrclatla af auy Newspaper
Ih North Central Peunaytraal.
Tenna of BubsoriptioDi
If paid In atlraaoe, or within I month OO
If paid aftar 1 and baforo i monthi 9 ftU
(f paid afior tb axplraUoa of I montbi.,, 3 00
Bates ot Advertising, '
fran .ant adrart.MaunU, par aquart of 10 lloaior
Imi, I tlinti or Ian 60
For oaob tub sequent tnivrtlun i0
.'iiatniMratari' and Kieoutor.'natloetu S SO
Audtturt' noltc t ...... t 10
Catlniad Katm;. .,... 1 to
Dlsinluttun notlaoa I no
ProfaMtnl Carda, 5 HnM or ltn,l jaar...M 00
Loral nnftKi, par Una , 10
YEARLY ADVKRTlflBMINTft,
I admire...
I fttiuarea H
I aquar. .,
....I Ml I ooluran.. $11 00
....It to wliuia.. It M
....JO 00 Miami. 110 00
a. B. QOODIiANDRR.
NOKb II. I. KB,
PuolLn.ra.
W. C. ARNOLD,
LAW & COLLECTION OFFICE,
CURWENSVILLK,
5S Clrarfletd Couatj, Penn'e. , Tfiy
Taoa. a. MtrlHAr.
craua eoaoon.
MURRAY & GORDON,
ATTORNEYS AT LAW,
CLEARFIELD, PA.
V-CDoa la Pit'a Opera House, itcood floor.
9:1074 1 '
FRANK FIELDING,
ATTOIINE Y-AT-IiAW,
Clearfield, Pa. i
Will attend to all butinen Dtrute to him
piouiptly and faithful!. aovl273
WILLI A A. W1LUCI,
AMfeT F. WALLACB. t
I)T1 It. EftlBI.
John w. wniolbt.
WALLACE 4. KREBS.V
(Snieoleora to Wallaee Pi.ldlag,)
ATTOBNEYS-AT-LA W ,"
IID'II ' Clearfield, Pa.
loaBPBS.afBBAU.TV . DAtTIBL W. K'ctllDT.
McENALLT & MoOURDY,
. ATTOHNEYS-AT-LAW,
- ClemrOeld, Pa. -v
JP Legal boaineai attended to prnaptl j with!
iilclit. Offlco oa Second street, abure (be Pi rat
National bank. , Jab:l:70
G. R. BARRETT,
Attorney and Counselor at Law,
clearfield, pa.
II at in resigned bit Judgeship, be resumed
the practise of the law la hie old oiloa at Cleat
Bel J, Ha. Will attend the conrta of Jefferson and
Klk counties when ipecialljr retained in connection
eitb resident oounsel. 1:14:72
A. G. KRAMER,
ATTORN EY-AT-LAW,
R.al KiUto .nd CollMtioa Agrat,
t'tEAKFIKI.I), PA.,
Will promutlj attend to til legal batlo.lt an
trotted to hit e.re.
-Oe3ce Is Ple't 0itr IIiium. al'7l.
WM. M. McCULLOUGH,
ATTORN KY T LAW,
Cletreold. P.
tr-Ollle. ! III. old Wutern Hotel bollJlng.
L..l butinett promptl y tttendwl to. Keel etute
bought and told. j.11'71
" a7 w W A L f E R S , .
ATTORNEY AT LAW, ,
CItarttrld, Pa.
fc$Offloa In Qribam'a Row. deeS-l.
H. W. SMITH,
ATTORN EY-AT-L AW,
tl:l:T 'lerdeld, P.
"WALTER BARRETT,
ATTORNEY AT LAW.
Clearfield, Pa.
oYOfflet In 0!d Weitern Hotel bnlldlng,
eorntr orSoeond and Market 8tl. Lnovl,A0.
israIelTest,
ATTORN R Y AT LAW,
CIar8rM, Pa.
pT-Oaet la tbt Court Hoaaa. jjll.'e)
JOHN H. FULFORD,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
lleartleld. Pa.
OSet oa Matktt ttreet, opp. Coart Houn,
Jan. , 1874.
JOHN L. CUTTLE,
ATTORNEY AT LAW.
Ind Real Relate Aieat, Clearfield, Pa
Offloe oa Third ttre.t, bet. Cherry A Walnut.
T" R.tpeelfalt 7 offere bit t.r.leeela telling
lad buying landt lu Olearl.ld and adjoining
tounttaa and with aa tvperl.att of OTtr twentv
reara aa a rar.,yor, flatten almaolf that he oaa
renter tatlafaoUoa. lot. itmsur,
J. BLAKE WALTERS,
REAL ESTATE BROKE II,
AtD DBAiaa ta
Haw Jjogn and Liiinibor,
CLEARFIELD, PA.
OOet in Orabnm'i Row. LJ5:71
J. J. LINQLE,
ATTORNEY-AT - LAW,
hll Oeeeola, Clearfield Co., Pa. ;:pd
J. S. BARN HART,
ATTORNEY - AT - LAW,
Bellef'onte. Pa.
Will practice la Cleorleld and all of the Courts of
tne Zbta Juaictai dtit net. neai estate Dimness
and eolleetioa of claims made special t lee. nl 71
DR. W. A. MEANS,
PHYSICIAN k SURGEON,
'. ' LUTIIKftBDUBO, PA. .
Will attend profetalonal eallt pronptlj. auglO'70
DR. T. J. BOYER,
PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON,
OSet on M.rkrt Street, Clearleld, Pa.
VOffic bourat 8 to IS a. m., and 1 lo I p.
JJR. E. M. SCIIEURER, ' '
nOMcEOPATniC PHYIirCIAS,
Offloe la reeidcact on Market L .
April M, 171. ' Cleerdeld, Pa.
J. H. KLINE, M. D.,
PHYSICIAN & SURGEON,
HAVING loealod at Pennleld, Pa., oferl kit
proletelnal larrleet to tb. people of that
plue and aurroundiog eouatrjr. All co.ll. promptly
atunded re. ... i. ...
DR. J. P. BURCH FIELD,
Uu Bargtoa of the 03d Regiment, Ptnnlvlranla
; Voluauert, hiring rttarntd from Ibt Army,
f effert hit proftaelonel aor.ltta to thttltlttnt
erciearfl.ldtoaaly.
M-Profeiiloael eallt promplljr atuni.l to.
Olaoe oa Seeoad ttreet, formorlyoeoepiod b
Ur.Woiwi opr., o. u
DR. H. B. VAN VALZAH,
Cl.EAHPIbl.il, PKNN'A.
OFFICE IN MAKONIC BUILDING.
4- OBot hoort-Fiom It to t P. M.
May II, 1171.
DR. JEFFERSON JJTZ,
WCODLAHD, PA.'
Will promptljr attend all ealli In the lint of hit
pnifeetton. . . . . . Bot.llMS .
D. M. D0HEETI,
FAHIIONAlll.R BARRRK A IIAIK DRKBSKR.
. CLEARFIELD, I'A. i.l
Phi p In room foraerly oeeapled h N angle
. Market street.
July 14, !. '
HARUY kkydeh,
(Formerly with Ut Bchulrr.)
BARDKR AND 1IAIRDKE6HKR.
Rhnn ea Msrkel St., tppoelte Court lionet.
A eteea towel for every eustumef. may If, 'Tl.
whou:sIle"jjquob stoee,
At the end of the new bridge,
111 WKST CLEARFIELD, PA. - '
Tl.K atmi.rl.lM uf Ibia MlklUtiaitit wfll ba.
i Itquora dlreel from din Wert. Parties baying
wm iate nonet win no sure 10 gt a pure onieie
It a atnall margin above eewt.1 Motel Beepers eaa
te feraiohed with liquor oa rt-aanweblt terms.
ure wines and brandies direct from Bet let's
tarry, at Haiti, New York.
i ItBWKHRJ U, VUitSVl.
CleatweMtiaawlt. IHTA-tl 1.1. if
TI'tmCRBir t COBBTA . PIM
. ha., printed a Mug. nnaahv e( tae Bow
I RILL, and MI am the reotipt tt Iwrnlt.
a., etnte, mall a eopy to a. addrett. myN
( LlvVH
QE0. 6. G00DLANDIR, Proprietor,
VOL BOrWHOLE NO.
Cards.
JOHN D. THOMPSON,
Justice of the Peace and 6orlvcner
Curwcuivllle, Pa.
.Culleotlona mail a and
paid erer.
money promptly
... reii-3 Tin
RICHARD HUGHES,
, Jt'BTICK OF THE PEACE
. roB
Btecalur Totrnhlpf ,
Oeeeola Mills P. O.
II oflotal bo tin e i en t rested to him will be
prompt) attended to. neb 29, '70
f BO. A tilt BT BIHBY ALBKHT.m W. ALBIBT
W. ALBERT &. BROS.,
Manufacturers A eitensiTO Dealers U .
Sawed Lumber, Square Timber, ito
WOODLAND, PINM'A.
Or Jen loltclted. Bills Oiled ob short aotioe
and reaeonaMe terms,
Address Woodland P O., Clearflrld Co., Pa.
.35-ly W bbKKT A It ROB.
FRANCIS COUTRIET,
MERCHANT,
Krenchvllle, Hear tie Id County, Pa.
Keeps constantly on hand a full assortment of
Un uoodi. Hardware, urooenes, ana erjininir
usually kept in a retail store, wnioa win oe soia,
for oasn, as cneap as eiscwnere in ins county.
Frencnrtiie, June wi, lonj-iy. .
THOMAS H. FORCEE
DB.LBB IB
GENERAL MKHCU AND1SK.
GltAIIAMTON, Pa.
Alto, eatentlve manufacturer and dealer in Square
Timber end baw.it Lunib.ror all Kindt.
aT-Ordort tollclted and all bill, promptly
filled. ljyi
"REUBEN f H AC KM AN,
House and Sign Painter and Paper
Hanger,
Clearfield, Peuu'a.
fcm.Wil) axeeute lobe in hia lino promptly and
In a workmanlike manner. nrr4,nr
G . H. H ALL, .
PRACTICAL TUMP MAKER,
NEAR CLKAUFIELB, PENN'A.
OPumpa alwaya on band and mal. to order
on abort nolle, npei uorvu on reatnn.oie iermik
All work warranted to rend.r lallifartton, and
dellrored If doalred. , n)2S:lj"l
E. A. BIGLER & CO.,
DBALBRB IH
SQUARE TIMBER,
and maaufacturera of '
A 1.1. Kl VDH OP A Kl) 1.ITMIII-.R,
l-7'7 CLIARF1ELD, rKKN'A.
JAS. B. GRAHAM,
dealer to '
Real EaUite, Square Timber, Boards,
BIlIfJOI.KS, LATH, A PICKKTS,
:10'7I CliarCeM, Pa,
TAMES A1ITCIIELL,
Square Timber k Timber Lands,
J.1HJ CLRARFIKI.D, PA. '
JAMES H. LYTLE,
In Birader't llulldlug, ClcarUelil, Pa.
Dealer lo QroceilM, Prorliloni, Vegetable!,
Prultp, Flour, Feed, ete., rte.
aprl'7t-tr
WARREN THORN,
BOOT AND SHOE MAKER,
Market II., Clearfield, Pa.
Is (he thop lately oocupiod by Frank Rbort.
00. door weat of Alleghany llouit.
T. M. ROBINSON,
' Market Mlrcet, Clearfield. Pa.,
MAHPrACTtinr.a op
Liftbt aad leary llantese. Collars, Saddles,
Bridles, Ac. Repairing nsaliy done.
May 24, 187B 6m.
JOUN A. KTAIHiKtt,
BAKKR, Market fit.. CI.arfl.lJ, pa.
PreRb Bread, Rusk. Rolls, Pics and Cah-e
on band or mode to order. A general assortment
of Confectioneries, Fruila and Nuts in stock.
lot Cream and Orders in season. Puloon nearly
opposite tbt Poetufflea. Prices moderate. .
March lU-'To.
J. K. M'MURHAY
n,l, BUPriT TOII WITH ANT ARTIC1.H
OF MKHCllAMlIriK AT THK VKKV I.OWKKT
PHICK. COMK AND 8tK. (l:l:73y:)
NEW WASHINGTON.
CHEAP GROCERIES!
LDMBKR CITY. PA,
Tbt undersigned annunncee to his old friends
and natrons tbat be has opened a gnoii line ol
OHOl'KRIKS A PHOVlKIONfi at the old stand
of Kirk A Spencer, for which be solicits a lilteral
patronage. ii. w. ormnvHt
i,umter vity, re., aiarca zo-ti.
irARniB AND it TO MR YAFtl. '
1X Mra. M. 9, I.ll)lICIXt
Uavinf encaeed la tbe Marble business, desires
to inform bar friends and the public that sbe bas
now and will keep ennntantly nn band a large and
well selected stoet el UAiiiAn aau VHKMUfli
MARIlLK, and is prepared to furnii-h to order
TOM1I8TONK8, 110 X AND CKADLK TUMHS,
UUIH VVH r.KTP. AC.
nuYard on Reed street, near the R. R Depot
Claar field, Pa, jel4,7
I. SNYDER.
PRACTICAL WATCHMAKER
Watchcfi, Clocki and Jewelry,
f7roAnti' Kom, 3arht St ft,
(LBARMEM), PA.
AM hinds of repairing In my line promptly at
ndod to. April 2.1, IftTL
TUB andersigned begs leareto Inform the pub
lie tbat be is now fully prrpar to aerom me
tal all ia tbe way of fornlibing lt..aes, Haggle,
lladdlee and Harness, on the shortest notice and
sa reasonahle terme. Residence oa Locust street,
bet wean Third and Fourth.
OKU. W. OKAI111AHT.
flaarfleld. Fb. 4. 174.
MITCHELL WAGONS.
Tbe Best it the Cheapest I
Thomas Rtllly bas rniatved another Is re lot of
"Mitebell Wagone, which are among the eery
1 meaufae tared, aad which be will tell at tbe
moat reasonable rates. Hie stitch includes almost
all dtseriptlobs of wsgom largi-aud smalt, wide
and narrow track. Call an I ve l hem.
aprs'Tc TIIUMAtt RK1LLY.
AN qrw h arwick,"
.. Market Ptreal, tUarfleld, Pa.
fansffacTi'ana ami naAi.aa in
BARNRfi, PADULKH, RRIDLICS, COLLARS,
- awd aft binds of
HOUSE rVHNISHISO GOODS.
A full stock of "addlera Herd were, Bra-bet,
Cowbs, Rlanhete, Robes, ete., alwaya on band
and fur sale at tbe lowest cash prices. All kind.
f repairing prewrptry altonded to.
All kinds rf bides taken in ejrbar.ge fur bar
ere and repelling. All kinds Of harnrte Irathsr
kept et) natwl, ana ror aaie m a smew proai
CkarBeld, Jan. iv, IH70. .
u
N n BETA KINO.
Tbe undersigned an bo foil .prepared to
tarry an tbe business of
I Ii;ilTAKIG,'
, AT RIA80MABLI HATCS, .
And rataorttnllj loll.ll the etaee f tk.M
Boedlnf auek wrrltM.
whfi TrintiTai a n,
JAMMkLIAVY.
Clrarl.ld, Pa., F.k. II, 1,74.
s.
1,1
'2100.
' orxy LETTER.
Judge Black to General Garfield.
WIIEUK TUB (UNlltAL OUT Ilia IllRAH
I'ho Hi.Avr.ny DooTRiNtg or tiik abo.
MTIONIBT OAHPET-BAO AND CHRDIT
MOBILIER TIIIKVES UEPURI.ICAN COH
HltPTION .(IARVIEI.n'B UNFAITIirUI
: NF.K8 TO Till "OOIIDEHH OF LIBERTY."
To Hon. Jtxmn A. Uarfield, Mrmber of
tumgrm from Uluo ; .
I have rend tho tnewh you Bent me.
I am Bstonishctl and allocked. As tbo
lender of your party, to whom the can
didates have specially delegated the
eonduet ot tho pendinir cntmiaitrn, rou
should have met your renponsibilitica
in a Tory uiticronl way. I do not nro-
sumo to lerturt so ilinlinguinhed a man
upon his errors ; Imt if I cun iirerent
you, even to a small extent, from
abusing the puhlio credulity, It is my
duty to try. Premising only my grcut
anxiety to prcservo the lratornal rela
tions existing between us for many
years, 1 lollow tho llomtiun rulo, and
como at once to "tbe middle ol things.
I on trace duck tuo origin ol present
party ties to tne earneitt immigrations
at Plymouth and Jamestown, find pro
fess to find in the opposing doctrines
incn piunteaanu atlerwarUs constantly
cherished in Massachusetts and Vir
ginia, the germs of those ideas which
now make Democracy and Abolition
ism tho deadly foes of each other. The
ideas so planted in Massachusetts were,
according to your account, tho freedom
nnd equality of all races, aud tbo right
and duty of overy man to exorcise his
private judgment in polities as well as
religion, un thn oilier band, vou sot
forth as irreconcilably hostile tbe doc
trine of Virginia, "thut capital should
own lubor, that the negro had no rights
of manhood, und tbat tbe whito man
might buy, own aud sell him and bis
oltspring Icrovor." Following these
assertions with others, and linking the
present with tbe long past, you employ
tho devices of your rhetoric to glorify
the modern Abolitionist and to throw
foul scorn, not merely on theSouthorn
people., but on tho whole Democracy
01 me country. ,
This looks learned and philosophical.
and It gives your speech a diirnitv
seemingly above tho reaoh of tbe ordi
nary demagogue Happy is he who
Knows tho causes ol things : lelicttous
s tue partisan member ot Uonirresn
wuose slump epcocu goes up tlio river
of time to the brut fountains of good
and evil. Jlulyour contrast of histori
cal lucts is open to one objection, which
1 give you in a form as simple as possi
ble when I say tbat it is wholly desti
tute of truth. This, of courso, implies
no imputation on your good luith.
lour High character in the church, as
well as the atnio, forbids the belief that
ou would bo guilty ot willul misrep
resentation. , :
The men of Massachusetts, so fur
from ilantinj the right of private judg
ment oxtirpated and utterly r(m-
gvislietl it, by means so cruel that no
man or common humanity can think
of thorn even now without disgust and
ndignation. I am surprised to find
pnn ii.nr.rwnt. if till. llitt vmi hm
hear of tho frightful persecutions they
carried on systematically against Bap
tists and (tinkers and Catholics ? how
they fined, imprisoned, lashed, mutila
ted, enslaved and banished ovorybody
nat ciaimta the right ol tree thought 7
bow they stripped tho most virtuous
and Inoffensive womon, and publicly
whipied them on their naked backs,
only liir expressing their conscientious
convictions T Have you never, in all
your reading, met with tho story ol
Kogcr Williams f ror merely suggest-
ng to the tin I1 to authorities) ot tbe
colony tlmt no person onght to be p"n
ished on account of his honest opinions,
he was driven into the woods and pur
sued over aftorwards with ferocity
that put bis own life and tbat of his
friends In constant danger. In fact,
the cruelty of their laws against the
IVcodom of conscience and tbe unfeel
ing rigor with which they wore oxocu
tod,mado Massachusetts odious through
out tho world. 1 '
Thcso great crimes of tbo Pilgrim
Fathers ought not to bo cast up to
their children ; for some ol their do
Bccndsnts (I hope a good majority) nro
high-principled and honest men, sin
cerely attached to tho liboral institu
tions pluntcd fn tbe more southern
Intimites of tho continent. But if you
nro right In your assertion that tho
Abolitionists derivo their principles
Irom tho Ideas entertained and planted
nt Plymouth, that may account for the
coarse and brutal tyranny with which
your party has, in recent timos, tram
pled upon tho rights of IVco thought
nnd free speech.
Nor nro you more accurate In your
declaration that the old Yankees plant
ed tho doctrino of freedom and equali
ty, or opposed tbo domination of one
rnco over another. Messrs. Pnllrcy
and Sumner bnro snid something to
tho ellect that slavery never existed in
Massachusetts, nr,d you may have been
misled by them. Hut cither they wcro
wholly ignorant of tho subjoct or else
they spolio with that loose nnd lavish
inveracity which is a common fault
among men ol their political sect. Tho
Plymouth colony and tho provinco of
Massachusetts liny wore pro-slavoir
to tbo backbone. If yon doubt this 1
refer yon to Moore's " History of Slav
er)' In Miuwitclmsctts," where tho evi
dence (consisting chiefly of records and
documents authenticated) is produced
and collated with a fullness and fair
ness which cannot be questioner. Tho
Plymouth Immigrants planted precise
ly tho doctrino which you ascribe to
tho .inmcston'n colonists; that Is to
say, they bold that "the negro had no
rights of manhood ; that tho while man
might buy, own nnd sell him and bis
offspring forever." Practically and
theoretically thoy maintained that
human slavery in it most unmitigated
form was a perfectly Just, propor onl
desirable Institution, entirely consist
ent with Christianity as thev under
stood it, and founded on principled of
universal jurisprudence. They insisted
upon it as an cstiiiiisned and settled
rule of tho law of nations that when
ono (iovernmcnt or community or po
litical organization made war upon its
own subjects, nr tho subjects of another,
and vanquished them, the peoplo of
tho beaten 'party had no rigbta to
which the right of the conqnorors was
not paramount Whenever it was
demonstrated, by actual experiment,
that any people were too weak to de
fend their ho'irs and families against
an Invader wiio visited them with fire
nnd swrrrd they might lawfully be
stripped of their property, and they
themselves, their wives and their chil
dren, might justly be held as slaves or
sold Into perpetual bondage. ' That
w as tbo idea tbr-y planted in their own
soil, prrrpagatod among their eotempo
rnrica, and transmitted to the Aboli
tion party trf the present day. Yo
have preached and practiced It In all
year dealings with the South. This
nhsclttte domination Is what yon mean,
'MI li L J .(.
MEED
CLEARFIELD,
if you mean anything, when you talk
about the " precious results ol llio war.
If tbo doctrine thus planted by tbo
original settlors in Mussaobusotts bo
true, and II tin "precious' Jruttt" ol It,
which you aro gathering with so much
Industry, bo logitimato, it is a porloot
justification of all tho slavery lbs ever
existed on this continent, luur great
exemplars, from whom yon acknowl
edge that you have derived your ideas
ol Iroedom, ccrlutuiy thought, or pro
fessed to think so, and they curried it
out to its logical consequences. When
an Alriran potentate chose to tight
with and subduo a wouk tribo, insido
of bis own doiuinio. s, ho sold tho pris
oners whom ho did liot think proper
to kiii, aim mo mon oi jnnBsacbusms
bought them without a question of I
title. They kept them Slid worked
them to dentil, or sold thorn uguin as
tboir interest promised for they bold
that the right of domination, resulting
from the application of brute force, wits
good iu tho bunds of nil subsequent
purchasers, however remote tram Hi
original conqumtor.
They executed this theory to its
lullest extent in their own wurs with
tho Indians. Without cause or provo
cation, and without notice or warning,
thoy fell upon tho Pcqnods, massacred
many of thorn, and made slaves of the
survivors, without distinction of ago or
sex. About seven hundred, including
many women and children, wcro sent
to the Wost Indies, and there sold on
public account, tho proceeds being put
into me colonial treasury, r-jigill Bcore
of these unfortunate people escaped
from tbo butchery by night, and alter-
wards agreed to give themselves up on
a solemn promise of tho authorities thnt
they should neither bo put to death
nor enslaved, i'be promise was binken
with as little remorse as a modern
Abolitionist would violato his oath to
support the Constitution. Tbe "pro
oious results of the war" wore not to
bo lust by honost observunco ol their
pledged tiuth, and the victims of tbis
inlumoits treachery wore all ot thorn
shipped to tbo liurhadoes, and sold or
"swapped lor lllackamoors. This
practice ol enslaving tboir captives was
unilorm, covered all cases, and included
women aud children, aa well as fight
ing mon. When death put KingPbilip
beyond their reach thoy sent his wile
and child with the rest to be sold into
slavery. The Indians made bad slave).
Thoy were hard to tamo, thoy oscaped
to tho forest, and had to be hunted
dnwn, brought back nnd branded
They novor ceased to bo sullen and
disobedient. Tbe Africans always, on
tbe contrary, "accepted tho situation,
were easily domesticated, and bore tbo
yoke without murmuring. For that
reason, it became a settled rule of pub.
lie and private economy in Massachu
setts to exchange thoir worthless Indi
ans for valuable negroos, cheating thoir
Wost India customers iu evory trado.
Perhaps it was hero that your party
got the germ of its honesty as well as
its humanity. Thoy made war for no
other object than U supply thomselvos
with su ejects tor this iraudulent tranlo.
In 1U43 Emanuel Downing, the lbro
most lawyer in the colony and a leader,
of commanding influence, at well aa
high connections, mado a writton argu.
mont in fuvor of a war with the Marro-
gunsetta. II o did not pretend that any
wrong bad boon done ; but he bad a
pious dread that Massachusetts would
be bold responsible for tbe false reli
gion of the xiarragansctbB. " 1 doubt,'
says he, " if it he not sy nno in us, bav
mg power In our hands, to suffer them
to mayntayno the worship ol the duvil
which their powwowes often doe."
This tenderness of conscience for tbo
sins of other people is very character
istic of tho party which gat the " germ
of its ideas from tbat source. Hut go
a littlo further and you will seo with
pleasure bow oxaetly you havo copied
their doctrines, ibis is tbo way Mr.
Downing applies tho motive power.
"If' says he, "upon a just war, tho
Lord should deliver tbeia into our
hand, wo might easily have mm, women
and children enough to exchange, for
Moors (negroes), w bicb will bo more
gaynotul pilladge for us than woo eon-
ceivo : tor l do not seo how woe can
thrive until wo get into a stock of ilaves
sufficient to do all our business." This
(exeept tbo spoiling) might como from
an Abolition caucus to-day. You will
find Downing' letter in Moore, p. 10.
Thoy did got most of their Indians
off, and supplied themselves with ne
groes in tbeir place. . lbo shameless
inhumanity with which tho blacks
were used mado slavery in Massachu
setts " the sum of all villainy. In the
letter of Downing, already rctorrod to,
be says: "iou know very well wo
shall mayntayno twenty Moors cheap
er than one hnglisho servant." Think
of reducing a West India negro in that
intensely cold climate to the ono twen
tieth part of tho food and clothing
which a white menial was in the habit
of gotting. They must have been
lror.cn and starved to death in groat
numbers. When that happoned it was
but tho loss of an aniwuil. The harbor
ing of a slave woman was, in 1640, pro.
nouncod by the bighost authority to be
tbe same Injury as the unlawttil deton
tion of a luatt. . In 17 111, Kowoll, the
Chief Justice of tbo colony, said that
negroes were rated with Wjm and
luxjt. Dr. llolknap tells us that after
wards, when tho stock onlargod and
tbe market boennio dull, young negroes
and mulattoes wcro sometimes given
away liko puipirt. This is tho kind ol
freedom Una the equality of the races,
which you learned from tbo ancient
colonists. , 1
But they taught you more than that.
Tbeir precept and example established
the slavery of white persons as well as
Indians and negroes. As their remorse
loss tyranny spared no age and no sex,
so it made no distinction of color. 13o
sides tho cargoes of white heretics
which were captured and shipped to
them by tbeir brathron in England,
they took special delight in fastening
their yoko on all who wore suspected
of hotcrodoxy. One instanco Is worthy
of especial attention. DawronceHoath
wlck and bis wife wore (Quakers, and
were accused at tho samo time with
many others of attending tjuaker moot
ing, or "syding with Quakers" and
"absenting themselves from the pub
lick ordinances." TbeSouthwicks had
previously suffered so much in their
jiorsons and estates from this kind of
persecution, that thoy could no longer
work or pay any more lines, and, there
fore, thogonoral Court, by solemn reso
lution, ordered them to bo banished on
pain of -death. iinnishmont, yoa will
not fail to notice, was in itself, equiva
lent to a lingering donth, if tho parties
were poor and -lectio ; fur it meant
moroly driving them into tho wilder
ness to starve w.h hunger and cold.
Kotithwick and bis Wife went out and
died very soon. But that ft not all.
This fortunate pair hadtwoebildren,
a boy and a girl,(Daiiiel aud Provided),
who, having healthy constitutions,
would bring a good prlco In tbe slave
market. Those chiilrm were taken
fmm the parent and ordered to be sold
PRINCIPLES, NOT MEN.
PA., WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 4, 1876.
in tho Wostlndios. It hnpponcd, how-
over, that there whs not a shipmaster
in any port of tho colony who would
consent to become tho agent of thoir
exportation and saio. i lie authorities,
being thus bulked in their views of tho
main chances, wore luin to bo satisfied
in another way ; thuy ordered tho girl
to bo whipped ; sbe was lashod accord
ingly, in company with several other
Quaker ladies, and tbon committed to
prison, to be lurtlier proceeded witb.
iliatory loses sight of her there. No
record shows wliothor thoy killed her
or not.
This is ono case out of a treat many.
It is very interesting and instructive
when tali on in connection with Your
spocoh ; for it shows the "germ of tho
idea " which your party acted on when
it kidnapped and imprisoned men and
womon by tho thousands mr believing
in .American liberty .a guaranteed by
tbo Constitution. Tho Ouakors and
Baptists had no printod organs iu that
uuy mruiigu wuieii muir privaiojuag
tnontcoulubeexnressed ;clso vou would
.1 .1 l. .l.f..l. .1..! t ,
no doubt havo cases diroctly in point
to Justify your forciblo suppression of
two Hundred and filty newspapers.
Enmity to the right of private judg-
mont comes down to tbe party of
a ly mouiu lucas ny consistent and regu
lar succession. It is woven like a
dirty stripe into the whole warp and
woof ol their history. As soon as they
got possession of tho Federal Govern
ment under John Adams they began
to use it as an engine lor the suppres
sion of free thought. Tbeir alien law
gave tbo President powor to banish or
imprison wituout trial any foreigner
whoso opinions might be obnoxious to
his supporters. Tbeir sedition law nut
ovcry Domocratio spoukor and writer
under the beel of the administration.
Thoir standing army was used, as it
now is, to crush out thoir political op
ponents. If you come into eastern
Pennsylvania, and particularly into the
good county of Berks, you will learn
that tho people there still think witb
indignation of that old reign of terror
whon Fodorul dragoons kidnapped, in
sulted and beat their fathers, chopiml !
uuwn iiieir "iioerxy powers," nroko to
pioces the press of the Iieading Eagle,
nnd whipped its editor in tho markot
house. Tbo same siiirit broko out
again in tho burning of nunneries and
churches under Muria Monk.and under
J no. tlrown tbo wholo country swarmed
with spies and kidnappers. When vou
abandoned the harlot and rallied to the
thief, you changed your leader without
cnanging your principles.
Ibe sluvo code planted in Mnssuchu
setts was the earliest in America and
tho most cruel In all its provisions. It
was pertinaciously adhered to for gen
erations, and novor repented of, or
rormnily ropoalcd. it was gradually
abandoned, not bocanso it was wronir.
but solely because it was found, alter
long experiment, to bo unprofitable.
Thoir plan of keeping twenty negroes
as cheaply as ono white servant did not
work well ; for in that climate a negro
thus used would inlallibly die bolore
his labor paid what it cost. . They sold
their stock whenever they could, but
emancipation was lurbiddon by law
unless tho owner gnvo security to
maintain mo siuvo and prevent him
from becoming a public chariro. To
ovade '.his law those who had old or
intirm negroos encouraged them to
bring suits tor thoir freedom, and thon
by sham demurrers, or other collusive
arrangements, got judgments against
themselves that tho negroes wore free,
and always bad boon. Females likely
to increase tho stock were advertised
to bo Bold, "for tbat fault alone,
Young ones, becauso they wore not
worth raising, wore given away liko
pnppios of a superabundant litter. In
this way domestic slavery by decrees
got looso in practice, simply becauso it
would not pay but the principle on
which one man may own another whom
ho subdues by superior strength or cun
ning, was novor ubandouod, repudiated
ordenicd. That principlo was cherish
ed, preserved and transmitted to you,
thoir imitative and loving disci plea,
and you have applied it wherever you
eon Id as tyrannically as thoy did. .
You say that "war without an idea
is simply brutality. I submit to your
judgment, as a Christian man, whether
war is rodecmod of its brutality by
such ideas as you and your political
associates entertain ol its purposes, ob
jects and consequences. In all your
acts and measures, and by all your
speeches and discussions, you express
the idea that tho logic of blows proves
everything you chooso to assort; that
a encccssfiil invasion of one peoplo by
another has tho otTect of destroying all
natural right, and all legal guarantees
for, tho lili), liberty and property of
people so Invaded and conquered ; that
ollor n trial by Dattio mo victor may
enter up and oxocute what judgment
he pleases against his adversary ; that
tho crimo wnicii a woaic community
aro guilty of when they attempt to do-
fend their livos, their property and
their families against invaders who
como upon thorn to kill, doslroy and
subjugate them, is so unpardonable
that the whole body ol the onendurs
takon collectively, and all individuals
ho partake oven passively ol tho sin,
may justly bo duvotod to death or such
other punishment, ny wholesale or re
tail, as tho strong powjr shall seo
proper to inflict; that the eonnuoror,
utter the war is ovor, may insist that
tho helpless and unarmed peoplo,
whom he hits prostrated, shall assist
him by not merely accepting, but
adopting" (I nso your own word) the
measures inloo'lod to aegrado nnd rob
them, and thus niako himself master
of their souls as well as their bodies.
All right! of men are resolved by this
theory inlr the mgnf oi men.
I avor that this doctrino. In all its
length and breadth, is fulso and per-
iciuus. It is the foundation on which
II slavery rests, and tho exenso for all
lorms of tyranny. It has no support
in any sound rule ol puhlio law, and
bas nevur boon acknowledged by wise
or virtuous governments in any ago
since tho advont of Christ. You can
And no authority for it, except in the
examples of mon whose names are
given over lo univormil execration.
Mahomet asserted it when Lo forced
his religion upon the aubjugnted Fast,
when the churches wore violently eon-
verted into mosques, and the emblem
of Christianity was trampled under
foot, to bo roplocod by tho badge of
the itnposler. un tuo samo principle
Poland was partitioned, and Ireland
plundered a Uoxen times. Tho King
of Dahomey acted upon It when he
sold Ins cniafvos, and the men ol Mass-
cbiisotta ondnrscd It when they took
tlittn in exchange mr captives of their
own. rou and your confreres adopt-
I it aa part -trf your political creed
when, after the (Southern peonkt ware
thoroughly subdued, yoa domed them
all the right of Irooraon, tore up their
society, abrogated all laws which could
iroiect them in person or property,
iKikothrirlrical government, in pieces.
and put them under th domination of
notorious thieves, wnom you lorcod
REPUBLICAN.
them to accept as thoir absolute- mas
ters.
an oso results ot tho war are no
doubt vory procious. Tho right to
tranlo in tho flesh ot Indians and no
grocs was precious to the Yankees and
the rung ot JJahomey. Tbat was th
iruit oi tneir ware, nut waa It in
either caso logitimato? Your groat
reverence for tlio founders ol your po
litical school in Massachusetts, to say
nothing of yonr respect lor the author-
ity ol the Alriran Princes, or your
luitb in tho Jiorun, will probably Impel
you to stand up In lavor ot tho "ttfau
which you havo learned irom thorn
But I think I can maintain the Chris
tian law of liberty in opposition to all
your .Mussulman notices; lor Ood is
great, and Mahutnol is not His prophet
it would bo vory unjust to deny that
a great many men, from tho earliest
poriod of our history, were sincerely
opposed to A mean slavory, from mo
tives ot religion, benovoienco and bu
munity. This scntimont waa strong
in tno boh in, as well as the JVorth.
and by none was it expressed with
more lervor than by Jefferson himself
the groat apostlo of Democracy. But
this concession can hardly be made to
tlio political Abolitionists. As an al
most universal rule, tbe leaders of tbat
soct wore ribald infidels, and thoir con
venticlcs tocmcd witb the most shock
ing blasphemy. Thoy were, by their
own avowals, tho most cruol hurban
ans of any aco. Korvilo insurrection
and a general butchery of tho South
orn peoplo was a part of tbeir pro
gramme from the beginning. The
leaders to whom they gave their high
est admiration were tbo men whose
fcot wore tho swiftest in running to
snca innocent uiooo. Seward won
their affections in his early manhood
by proposing measures from which
civil war would bo sure to come, ond
in which ho promised that negroes
should bo incited to "rise in blackest
insurrection." Thoy applauded John
Brown to the ocbo lor a scries of the
basest murders on record. Thoy did
not conceal tboir hostility to the Fed
'ml and State governments, nor dony
their enmity to all laws which pro
tected the liberties of white men. The
Constitution stood in their way, and
tbey cursed it bitterly; the Bible was
opened against them and they reviled
God Almighty himself. I know that
the mind of man, like his body, is fear
fully and wonderfully made ; I under
stand all the difficulty of analysing
human passions and I admit that wo
should not ludgo harshly of motives ;
but how those heartless oppressors of
tueir own race could havo any care tor
the freedom of tbo negro posses my
comprehension. Unless you can ex
plain It otherwise, tho Judgment of his
tory must inovitably be against the
sincerity ot their anti slavery profes
sions. In the present aspect ot the
caso, it seems impossiblo to believe
that love ot the nogro was not assum
ed as a mere excuse for enslaving the
whito raco, just as tbeir ancestors put
on ice proton oe oi pioty to grattly
tbeir appotlte for tho proporty and
Hood of better peoplo than thomsclvcs.
You must positively reconsider this
subjoct before yon undertake again to
present tbe Abolitionists to tho world
in tbe respectable character of fanatics.
I think yoa will find that the crew of
tbe Mayfiowor brought ovorand plont
od no "germ ot an idea" which bas
flourished with mora vigor than their
oan ling Hypocrisy. . ,,,
Hon let ma say again, tbat the
vices and wickodnosa of the Plymouth
colonists are not to be visited on the
heads ol their children, according to
the flush. Among them, in every part
of the country, are great statesmen,
bravo soldiers, truo servants nl tho
church, and virtuous, patriotic Demo
crats, who aro no more responsible for
the crimes of tbeir ancestors than a
pencoablo Hootchman is for tho raids
and robberies w hich m past genera
tions wore committed by his clan upon
tho English border. But you acknowl
edge that you got your political Idoas
from them you boast that your paity
has no doctrines of public law and no
notions of puhlio duty which were not
planted atl lymoutb. iheretoro it is
not only proper, but necossary, to show
what thoso doctrines and ideas were.
pass now to a later period. Yon
say tbat there were two radically d it
leront theories about the nature ol our
government, "the North bolieveing
and Holding that w wore a nation,
tho South insisUng that wo were only
a confederation of sovereign Status."
It is not true that any such theoreti
cal conflict oyer existed between the
soc lions. Tbat the articles of confed
eration first and the constitution alter-
wards, united the States together for
certain purposes there enumerated, and
thus mado us a nation among nations,
was never denied that I know of by
any party. But this national oharao-
tur was given to tho general govern
ment by Bovoroign Status who confed
erated together for that purpose. They
bestowed cortain powers on tbo new
political corporation thon created, and
cnllod it tho United States of America,
and thoy expressly reserved to thorn-
solves all the sovereign rights not
granted in tho charter. Democratic
statesmen had no theory about it.
Thoy saw their duty written dnwn in
tho fundamental law, thoy swore to
poriorm it, and tnoy kept their oaths.
They executed the powers ot tho gon-
oral government in their whole consti
tutional vigor, lor that, aa Mr. Jeffer
son said, was "the shoot anchor ol our
pcaco at home and our safety abroad,"
nnd they carefully guarded the rights
of the States as the only security we
coul J havo for a jnst administration ol
our domestic affairs. This was uni
versally assented to aa right and truo.
No counter theory was set up. Differ
ence ol construction there might bo,
but all admitted thnt whon tho line of
power was accurately drawn between
tho Federal government and State sov
ereignty, the rights on one side wcro
aa snored as those on the other. Hut
within two or thrao yoars past the low
demagogues of your party havo got to
putting in their platforms the assertion
that this is a nation and not a confed
eration. What do they mean f What
do yoa anean wbon you endorse and
reproduce it? Do you deny that the
Slates were sovereign beloro they unit
ed? Do you affirm tbat tbeir sover
eignty was wholly merged In tho Fed
oral government when they assented
to tho constitution T Is lb lonth
amendment a mere delusion f Do you
mean to assert that tho States have
not now, and never had, any rights at
all except what are conceded to tbem
by the mercy of tbe "nation?" No
doubt this now article Was inserted in
the creed of Abolitionists, because they
snpiosed H wonld give a sort of plaus
ibility lo ttioir violent intervention witb
the Internal alTairs of th States. - But
t ia an ialso, ao shallow and so desti
tute of all respectable authority that it
imposes upon nonody.
Asa Part of this conflict of theories,
and rwutltiag fn.ia it, you describe tho
Month a "insisting thnt each State had
NEW
a right, at its own discretion, to break
the Union, and constantly threatening
secession, where the full rights of slav
ery were not acknowledged." In fact
and In truth secession, liko slavery,
was first planted in Now England.
there it grew and nourished and
spread its branches far over the land
long before it was thought ol in the
South, and long before "tho full rights
of slavery" wcro called in question by
anybody. The anti-Democrula of that
region, in former as well as in later
times, totally misunderstood tho pur
poses fur which this government was
mauo.
tuey regarded it as a mere commer
cial machine, by which thoy could
make much "rjaynofull pilladgo," if al
lowed to run it thoir own way. Whon
thoy wore disappointed in this by cor
tain perfectly just and constitutional
regulations of their trade, which tho
common defence and general welfare
mado necossary, tbey immediately foil
to plotting tho dismemberment of the
Union. Boforo 1807 they organized a
conspiracy with tho Uritish autliori
ties in Canada ror tno erection ot A ow
England into a so pernio Ilepublic nn
der British protection. (Soe Carey's
"Olivo Branch" and tho Henry corres
pondence.) rsot long ailcrwards Jo-
siah Quincy, whose fidelity to tbe par
ty which elected him was never doubt
ed, formally announced in Congress
tho intention of his Statu to leave tbo
Union, "peaceably il she could, forci
bly if sho must." Their hatred of the
Union deepened, and thoir determina
tion to break it up grew fiercer, as the
resolution oi tno Democrats to main
tain tbo independence oi the country
becamo stronger. When the war of
1812 began, tbey were virtually out of
lbo Union, and remained out during
the whole of that desperate struggle,
not only retusing all assistance to cur
ry it on, but helping tbo onomy in
every nrswiblo wav. It wan whiln
England bad ber tightest grasp on tbo
throat ol tno nation, that the Hart
ford Convention wascalled to dismem
ber it; and this, Mr. Jefferson says,
thy would havo accomplished but tor
Ibe battle ot Now Orleans and tbe
Peace ot Uhont. John Quincy Adams
in 1839, and Abraham Lincoln in 1847,
made elaborate arguments in favor of
the iVffiJi right of a State to go out The
later Abolitionists did not attorn; t to
conceal their rancorous hostility to tho
Union. "io union with slaveholders
was one of their watch-words, and
down to tho opening of the war, its
destruction was the avowed object of
their machinations.
There is one conclusive prool of your
enmity to tbo Union, and that is your
unwavering opposition to tlio consti
tution which held the Slates together.
You know as well as I do how absurd
t is to suppose that any man or party
can support tbe Union, and at thesamo
timo trample on tho constitution ; and
you cortainly aro not ignorant that
you and your predecessors, Irom tho
earliest times, havo been anti-constilu
lional In all your proclivities. Con
temptuous disregard of constitutional
obligations is not now tho mere germ
of a doctrine; it is a part of your set
tled creed. Before tbo war, and since,
you have trodden under foot every pro
vision contained in tho groat charter
of our liberties. 1 do not speak at
random. I challcngo you to designate
a single constitutional right of tho
slates, or or individuals, which you
havo not at some timo, or in somo way,
deliberately violated.
This contempt for tbo constitution,
this practical denial that an oath to
support it is sacred, Implies a disregard
ot all laws, human and divine, and
hen adopted, it left nothing to guide
you except the propensities, evil or
good, of your natural hearts. Many
of you (and notably yon yourself) con
tracted no individual guilt, becauso
you wore too proud for potty larceny,
too benevolent lor large-handed rob
bery, and too lull of kindness to break
wantonly into the tabernacle ot human
lilo. But generally, tho moral princi
ples of the ultra-Abolitionists (if tbey
over bad any) bocama bo wholly per
verted, that thoy saw nothing wrong
in the worst olToncos thnt could be
commitfod against their political op
ponents. In thoir eyea, theft and mur
der not only lost their felonious char
acter, but bocatno meritorious, if tbe
victims lived south of Mason and Dix
on's lino. When John Brown stole
horses in the peaco of God and tho
Stnto of Missouri, ho was taking law
ful booty ; when ho sneaked into a
quiet Virginia villago on a Sundny
night and assassinated defenceless cit
isons, be was a hero : and when he
diod a felon s death on tbo scaffold, to
hich he was justly condemned, he
boeamo a martyr.
You persist In misunderstanding' Lbo
anti-bellum attitudo of the Northern
Democracy. Wo stood steadfastly by
tho Union against all attempts ot tho
Now Kngland party to break it up by
secession. We justninod tho constitu
tion against tho ferocious assaults of
the Abolitionists; wo laliorcd earnest
ly lo save liepublican institutions from
tbo destruction with which thoy wero
threatened by you ; and as long as tho
Southern people acted with us, wo
gratclully accepted tbeir aid iu tbo
good woiK.
Your averment that tho Domocratio
party desired the aggronditomont of
slavory, and "yielded their consciences
that subject to tlio Mnilh, is gross
ly unjust, if you mean to chargo
them with anything more than
a willingness to protect tho South
ern, as well a tho Nnrthorn and
Middle States, in tbo exercise of thoir
constitutional rights. We bad dispos
ed ol slavery within onr jurisdiction
according to our sense of sound policy
and justice. But we bad mado an ox-
press compact with tlio other Status to
ave tho entire control ot their domes
tic affairs to themselves. Wo kopt our
covenant, simply because it would have
been gross dishonesty to break It, 1 lie
Abolitionists took a different viow, and
refused to keep faith. Tbey swore as
solemnly as wo did to obscrvo tho
term ol the bargain, but according to
their code, it waa a sin not to violalo
it. The lact Is truo, that we did not
think It right to cut the throats, or
shoot, or alrangle the men or women
of the South for believing in negro
slavery ; bat tbat ia no justification of
your assertion that wo yielded our
consciences to Hum.
Again I Yon charge us (the North
ern Democracy) with baring given bad
advic to tho Southern people. . This
oonsisted, yoa say, in assuring thorn
that if tbey acceded w would tnko
thor pari against any attempt to force
them back again into th Union. This
is a gross error and you will aoo it
hen 1 recall vour attention to tbo
fact. In all our exhortations lo South
ern mon against secession wa were
mot by the expression of tho fear thnt
tho Abolitionists intended, luaiiy event,
to invado and -slaughter thorn. Some
reason lor this apprehension was givon
by the florae threat of your leading
men, and especially by your almost
TEEMS $2 per annum in Advance.
SERIES - VOL. 17, NO. 30.
universal admiration of Brown for his
raid into Virginia. Certain Demoerats
(ano very good men too,) did then do.
dare that a lawless expedition intend
ed for purposes of more murder and
pillage could not and Bbould not be
started in tbo North, without sucbon-
ifUBiuun aa wuuiu euoctuBiiy stop it.
But this was hoforo secession, und it
was intended to prevent that move
ment, not to encourairo it.
You cannot, with any show ol jus-
.1 .1..-. ... .i. IT..:..-
nit;, uuny men ucvuuuii w luu t'muii
was ono of tbo strongest feelings in tho
neart ot the .Northern Democracy,
Wo had always depreciated a separa
tion from tbo Southern States with so
much earnestness that one of tbe op
probious epithets you bestowed on us
was that of "Union savors. ' J Ins was
not a mere ccntiincnt of admiration or
gratitude to the great Southern mon
who bad led us through thcpcrilsof the
revolution, settled our institutions, and
given our country its high plneu in tbo
estimation ol tho world. Wo reft all
this I but we felt much more. The
preservation of the Union was to us
an absolute necessity, it was indis
pensable to tho socurity of our lives,
our personal liberty and our plainest
rights of proporty. How truo this
was at all times, and especially in
18G0, you will seo if you reflect a mo
ment on our situation at that time.
Tbo Abolitionists were coming into
powor. I need not say by what com
bination of impost nro and accident they
got it. All tho Northern States as
well as the redcrnl government fell
into tbeir bands. Sio doubt tboir dis
like of Southern people was vory great :
but Northern Democrats were objocts
of thtir especial malignity. Long be
fore that timo, and over since, this
sentiment bas been expressed in words
and acts too plain to be misunderstood.
You show bow strong it is in your own
heart when you tell Southern men (and
you do tell them so in this very speech)
mat you honor thorn ten thousand
timos more than Democrats of the
North, ficmombcr, in addition to thin.
that tho lending Abolitionists acknowl
edged no Inw which might stand in
the way of their interests or thoir pas
sions. Against anybody else tbe con
stitution of the country would have
been a protection. But tbey disregard
ed its limitations, and had no scruples
about swearing to support it with a
predetermination to violate it. Wo
bad boon well warned by all the mon
best entitled to our confidence ; partic
ularly and eloquently warned by Mr.
Clay and Mr. Webster; that il ever
tho Abolitionists got hold upon tho or
ganised physical force of the country,
they would govern without law, scoff
at tho authority of tlio courts, and
throw down all tho delcncos of civil
liberty.
But if tbe South had not seceded we
might have mado a successful defence
of our constitution, though tho powers
oi tno government wore in tho bunds
of its enemies. With tho aid of tbe
Southern peoplo, if they bad been true
to their duty, wo could have organised
an opposition so formidably in its moral
and political power that you would
scarcely havo dared to assault us. No
wonder that wo wcro "Union savors;"
fur to us tho Union meant personal
liberty, freo thoughts, an independent
press, habeas corpus, trial by jury, tho
impartial administration ot justice all
thoso great legal institutions which
our forefathers bad shed so much of j
their blood to build up.
The South deserted us nt the crisis
of our fate, and left us in our weak
ness to tbo merry ot tbo most unprin
cipled tyrants that over betrayed a
public trust. Soccssion wt.s not mere
follv and madness ; it was something
much worse. We could not but feel
thnt wo wcro dooply wronged. Thoro
was no remedy lor the dire calamities
with which we wore threatened except
n bringing tho seceded States back to
their places in tbo Union. Our con
victions of legal duty, our exasporated
sense of injury and a proper care for
our best interests, all impelled us to
join tho new administration in the uso
of such force as might bo found necos
sary to oxecuto tho laws in every part
tno country.
But tho Abolitionists wanted a war
r tho overthrow of tho constitution,
fur tho subversion of freo government,
and lor tbo subjugation of tbo wholo
country to that "higher law" which
imposes no restraint upon the rapaci
ty and malice of the ruling power. To
Buch a war tho national conscience was
iposod. The soul ol ovcry rcspecta
o officer in tbo army and navy re
volted at it, and evory virtuous man
private life felt it to bo an nnspeak-
ablo outrage. To those who doubted
bolore-, the disaster ol Bull linn made
t plain that tbo war could not bo suc
cessfully carried on unless it was put'
pon principles consistent with tho
usage ol Christendom and tho safety
' our own institutions. Therefore it
was that on tbo tld of July, lHb'l,
Congress with almost perfect unanim
ity passed a resolution through both
Houses, dcclnniigin tho most explicit
words, thnt tho war should be con-
ducted to preserve the constitution,
and not to revolutionize it I givo you
hero mo words ol lbo resolution itsell
from llio Oinjrr'SMOrin G'lofcf, pago 2i3
JrVMrte, That th. pment deplorabl. etrll war
nae oeen loreeu upon ineeountrj njine aitunlnn
ftu of tee Heutoera Hlalee, bow Ia ami as.loat
lli. Cun.ltlutlunal UorernQi.nl, and In arma
arooad the Capitol t thai la (hie eotlonal .inor.
geney, Conjrwi, baniibtng Ku '..nog of rn.ro
pnnlon or r..entra.nt, will rtwolleet only lie duty
to the whole eonnlrj t that thla war la wa-.d en
their part la any iplrit of opprewkon, or for an
piirpni. of eonqneit or aohjuaation or porpnao of
overthrowing or Interfering with the right or
enaiMiioea intiuationi Ol tnoeo st.tee, bat to de
fend end maintain the tvprtmmrg of th. Conttita
tlon, and lo protorve lb. Vnton with all th. dig
nity, equality, and righliof the eeveral fltatre un
impaired I and that aa aoon aa theee ebjoora are
acoompliahod the war ought to wit.
Confiding in this assurance, Demo-
crats from every northern Stnto rushed
to tbo front by the hundred thousand ;
tbo border Stales of the South gave in
thoir formal adhesion to tbo liovern
inent; and our great military lea. lei's
drew their swords with alacrity in sup
port ot the freo institution to which
they had shown their fidelity so oltrn
before.
With what base perfidy Ibis solemn
pledge w as broken I need, not tell you ;
fur ibis speech shows thnt you know
it well. You expressly declare that so
far from sustaining tho Government
revolutionised it Instead of a war
fur tho Union, you cluim that it put
tuo oiuics out oi tno union, and yon
had a right lo keep them out as lonrr
as you pleased, or admit thorn to their
piaocs on any terms, however degrad
ing, which yon chooso to dictate. In
stead of restoring tho supremacy of tbo
Constitution, all your politicians held,
and, so far as 1 know from their public
declarations, still hold, that tbe victory
of tho Federal force abolished the
Constitution, not only in the South, but
in tbo North, and therefore they wore
not bound to obsorvo its limitations,
olthor In their legislative, judicial or
executive measures. Instead of bring
ing back tbo State with their rights
unimpaired, according to your promise,
you crippled, enslnved, subjugated and
disfranchised them. Instoud of using
tho war power for tho just and lawful
purposes to which you were pledgod,
you convertod it into a black Hepuiili
can job to put the rights of all the
peoplo permanently undor tbo loot of
un unprincipled party.
1 submit ibis part of tbeease to yonr
consideration. I ask you to say w both
er you can find in tbo wholo history of
the human raco another instance of
similar porfidy on a scalo so largo. Tho
baseness of tho Massachusetts authori
ties in selling the surrendered Peqiiod
into slavery alter a solemn promise to
tlio contrary was but the "gorm of an
idea," on which you acted in tbe ful
ness of its growth. Thoir act was in
its naturaand character as bad as it could
be ; but only oigbt score of helpless
peoplo suffered by it ; tho victims of
your treachery are counted by millions.
1 ho oflenccs which you are now en
gaged in committing upon tbo publio
treasury aro tbe natural sequenco of
your crimes against popular liberty.
Universal experience proves that powor
usurped wilt always bo dishonestly
used. Seeing that the Abolitionists
vera led by men whom no oath could
hold to tbe Constitution, and whom
no pledge could bind to an observance
of its principles, wo had no right to ex
pect a decent regard for justice in their
administration of the national finances.
I do not mean that tha masses of your
party were, or aro now, destitute of
common intogrity. But that was over
ruled by the political doctrine of their
leaders. Having once sot aside the
established luw of tho land they bad
no standard by which they could meas
ure tho moral conduct of tbomsclvos or
others, and they became incapablo of
seeing tbo difference between right and
wrong in public affaire. Tho "higher
law" threw tho reins loose on the
neck of all evil passions. It not only
abroiratod tbe Constitution, but the
docaloguo aa well, and the eighth com
mandment was nullinod with tho rest.
You havo consequently mado ours
tho cor nip tost Government on thissido
of Constantinople. Perhaps you will
say this is a mere general assertion.
Hut I am ready to maintain the truth
of it against all opposers. You may
take the rottenest monarchy in Kurope,
go ovor its history for a hundred years,
and produce the worst act you can find
of fraudulent spoilation upon its people;
and it 1 do not show something worse
committed here under the auspices of
the party now in power I will give up
tho caso.
I am speaking of the government -
ot tbo officials who rule us for their
pleasure, and plunder us for tboir per
sonal profit and it is no answor to
quote Mr. Lord' speech beloro the
Senate on tbo trial of Belknap. Ills
ouology was on tbo virtuo and intelli
gence of tbo people, and bo argued from
hat tno duty ol their servants to be
ave with integrity. He certainly did
not mean to whitewash the adminis
tration. If bo bad meant to do so ho
could not havo succeeded, for tbcro was
not wash enough in bis bucket to go
over tho twenty-thousandth part of
the job.
hileyou wero bunting for certifi
cates of character among the speeches
of tbe impeachment managers, why
d you overlook that of Mr. Hoar?
lio said in effect (lor I cito him from
memory) tbat tbo one production in
hich our country excels all others in
tho world is tho corruption of its gov
ernment. Tbcro was tbe testimony
of a candid witness belonging to your
own party, who know whereof bo
affirmed and spoke directly to tbe
point. .
tint it is useless to cito tho evidence
of individuals upon great publio facts
that are felt and seen and known of
nil men. Nothing ever was more no
torious than tho gcnontl disregard ol
all sound principle by this administra
tion. No people on earth are now
suffering so much Irom extravagant
taxation, and nowhere does so small a
portion ot tbo taxes go to tbo legiti
mate publio purposes, or so much to
tho rulers themselves and the rings
they choose to favor. Industry is
crushed as it never was before. Labor
no longer works for itself since all and
more than all of it surplus profit are
exacted and consumod by the hangers
on of tho government Now, although
wo call ourselves froedrnen, wo aro to
all intents and purposes slaves, so long
as you continue to make us band over
to you tbo earnings of our labor; lor
tho essence of slavery consist in com
polling ono man, or class of mon, to
work tor another without equivalent
We aro determined to relievo ourselves
from this intolerable bondngo, as faros
wo can legally and peaceably, and, it
you do not help us, you must at least
cease to mock us by protending to bo
an anti-slavery man upon tho princi
ple.' You toll ns that that tho Republican
party "will puoish its own rascals."
Tho nowspupor report of your speech
says that this was greeted with laugh
ter from the liepublican sido of tbo
House. Certainly it sounds liko the
broadest of jokes. If you meant it in
earnest, please to say what you found
this claim ol impartial justice npon.
You will hardly prove it by showing
that Bristow and Wilson succooded,
with much tribulation, in convicting
certain manufacturers ot crooked
whisky, and thereby got thomselvos
turned out of office. It is vain to dony
that there is, and has been, a eoneral
fyftem of dishonesty pervading all ranks
ol the civil Borneo, which, so lar irom
being punished, is promoted, encour
aged and rewarded by the bigbest'au
t.borities. You have sot your luces liko
a flint agaiuBt all investigations tend
ing to expose rascality. Proof of that,
if prool wero wanting, would bo found
. . j - ... r .
in your own ueiiuiieiuiiuu ui mu pres
ent Congress for pushing its inquiries
into those region where venality and
corruption might otherwiso have dwelt
in safely.
lu all your Southern measures you
havo shown a positivo abhorrence ol
honost government i ou forced into
nil places of powor, men whose char
acter was notoriously bad, and main
tained them whilo ibey perpetrated tho
most shameless robberies. You resist
cd ovory effort of the oppressed people
to throw them off, and when tboto ol
tuces wore successful in somo of the
Stutos, you mournod tbo full of the
felons with sincere lamentation. Just
look ot tbo crew of godless wretches
by whom Louisiana bos boon almost
desolated I In the fuce ol a constitu
tional interdict, your administration
ut Washington repeatedly interfered
to shield llioiu from justice, and to up
hold thorn In tbo possession of power
to which thoy had no manner of legal
claim. At this momont thoy are prey
ing upon the prostrate peoplo of tho
State, under lbo promotion of federal
bayonets. Is that what you call pun
ishing your own rascals?
You may answor that tho while
peoplo ot Louisiana being conquered,
aro rightfully enslaved, according to
the principles planted at Plymouth,
and thorulbro il is not fur tho liko of
tbem to invoko tho protection ot law
and justice I will therefore call your
attention to another caso to which the
Dahomeinn rule does not apply, and
In which tb failure oi the liepublican
tarty to punish its own rascals has
icon equally signal ; 1 mean tbo frauds
of tho Union Pacific linilroad Com
pany and the Credit Mobilier.
oa will pardon mo, 1 am sure,,
for referring to this affair; yon are tho
lost man upon whom I would make a
personal point and 1 could not do it
here il 1 would try; for the convic
tion 1 havo often expressed remains
unchanged, that yout' integrity was
not stained by suou connection a yon
had with that tniaaem. list we bath
know that It was the most giganlio
fraud that tho history of modern times
discloses. The magnitude of the In-
ConUmml on .Srrond page
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