THE SIOUX INDIANS.
the
" CLEARFIELD REPUBLICAN,"
QOODLANDER & LEE,
CLEARFIELD, PA.
BITARllinCD IH IStt.
fhs larsreat Circulation of any Xewapapsr
In Nurth Central Peunaylvsnla.
Terms of Subscription,
If paid ia adraaoe, or within I months. ...'J MI
(f paid afUr I and before t months It SO
If paid attar the espiraUen of 6 inoat-hs... 3 UO
Ratos ot Advertising,
Tranilaal advsrtlsemonta, par iquaraof lOllaaaor
less, ttlmaiorlai $1
Kor eaea subsequent Insertion ad
Administrators' and Eioeatore' notices- t 60
Aadllors' notleee .......... H I 60
Caution and E.traya. 1 60
Dissolution notices I 00
ProfMiional Card, 6 Unas or Ian,! year...- 6 10
Looal aotieee, per llaa 10
YRAHLY ADVERTISEMENTS.
I square 8 00 I J eolumn.. tit 10
t eqoarea... 16 00 ( eolunsn.. TO 00
t sqoaraa... ..10 00 I I eoluoan.. IN 00
0. R. UOODLANDRR,
NOEL B. LEE,
Publishers,
Cards.
W. C. ARNOLD,
LAW
& COLLECTION OFFICE,
CURWENSVILLE,
Clearfleld Conner, Penn'a. 16;
tbos. H. auaaar.
craua aoanon.
MURRAY & GORDON,
ATTORNEYS AT LAW,
CLEARFIELD, PA.
aT-Oftee la Pie's Opera Uouat, second floor.
0:J074
FRANK FIELDING,
A T T O a N E Y - A T - L A W ,
Clearfield, Pa.
Will attend to all boiineia entrusted to him
piompllr and faithful!;. botII'7
WILLIAM A. WALLACB.
BAaar r. wallacb.
datid l. anaaa.
joun w. wbiqlbt.
WALLACE 4, KREBS,
(Suxeasors to Wallaoa Fielding,!
ATTORNEY S-AT-LAW,
11-1173 Clearfield, P.
losarB a. b'sballt.
daribl w. n cuanr,
McENALLY & MoCUEDY,
ATTOKNEYS-AT-LAW,
Jrr Legal bai.neae attended to promptly with
nneiur. uiuc an dwviiu vronv. buutv - a-ai-
.WftUUUaVI UMBs jaaai.B.i-
Q. R. BARRETT,
Attorn sy and Counselor at Law.
CLKAHKIKM). PA.
Uiivinjt resigned hi Judgae-hip, hu rrinmad
the p mo lien of tha law In fail old ofllee at Clear
tiU Vm. Will attend the court of Jcfferaun and
til oimntiei when ipauiaJl 10 tamed to connection
tvitb rendent oountel. :.t:ii
A. Q. KRAMER,
A T T O It N E Y - A T - L A V ,
Real BiUU aad Colteellua Agent,
CLEAR PI F.I.I), PA.,
Will promptly attend la all legal builneia en
trusted to bis oare.
dr-Oftlcn ia Pie's Opera House. JeolTS. .
WM. M. McCULLOUGH,
ATTORN BY AT LAW,
CloarBeld, Pa.
ea?-Offloa ia the old Weslero Hotel building.
L-el business promptly alteadod to. Heel estate
bought and sold. J"1 '
" A, W. WALTERS,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
Clearfleld. Pa.
fctOffloe in Urehein's Row. deeS-ly
H. W. SMITH,
ATTORNEY-AT-LA W,
rl:l:TH Clearfield. Pa.
WALTER BARRETT,
ATTORNEY AT LAW.
Clearfield, Pa.
4r-0fflK ia Old Western Hotel bu!ldla,
eoro.r of U.eoed and Market Ms. noji,oo,
iTrTeTTtestT
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
Clearfield, Pa.
ctrOfflea la tba Court Boose, IJjll.'ff
JOHN H. FULFORD,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
Clearfield, Pa.
ptr Office on Hstket street, opp. Court House,
Jen. , I8H.
JOHN L. CUT TL E,
ATTORNEY AT LAW.
Heal K.state A lent, Clearfield, Pa,
1 . L. . . nL.M.,lr.l..l
Umoe On inir. strew., .-.. v- a
SteT-RospoetfoliT offers bis aereleea In selling
tad bujleg lauds la Clearleld and adjolalnf
loaatiea and with aa eiporlenoo ol over twontv
fears aa a sorToyor, natters men.." .um. uv
render satlsfaetloa. Tab. 18:3:tf,
J. BLAKE WALTERS,
REAL ESTATE BROKER,
AMD DBALBB IB
Nnw LsOgM nnd Ijiiitibor,
CLEARFIELD, PA.
Office In Orsbaui's Row. l ib:'
J. J. L INGLE,
ATTORNEY-AT - LAW
hie Osceola, Clearfield Co., Pa. J pd
J. 8. BARN HART,
ATTOKNKY - AT - LAW,
Bellelonte, Pa.
Will practice la Clearfield and all of the Courts of
tbe 21lb Judicial dlstrlot. Heal estate bueiness
and eolleetion of olaims made specialties. al'TI
DR. W. A. MEANS,
PHYSICIAN & BURGEON,
LUTHERSBURQ, PA.
Will atUnd professional oalls promptly. auglO'70
DR. T. J. BOYER,
PHYSICIAN ANDSURGKON.
Offloe on Market Street, Clearfleld, Pa.
ptrQttu hoani to IS a. and 1 to I p. .
D
R. K. M. 8CIIETJRER,
IIOMIEOPATIIIO PHYSICIAN,
Offloe in reaideoea on Market St.
April M, H7. ClearneldJ'a
J. H. KLINE, M. D.,
PHYSICIAN Jt SUROEON,
HAVING located at Penafleld, Pa., offers bis
professional serrleea to the people of that
nlaoe and snrroundin country. Allealls promptly
attended to. oct. I a tl.
DR. J. P. BURCH FIELD,
Late Surf eon of the a.1d Relmenl,Paanaylfanla
Volaauere, having returned froa th. Army,
.Ifere his profeesloaal aaryleaa to ibeoltlseBs
af Clearleld eoaaty.
aayrProfessioBal ealla promptly attended to.
Offloe oa Second street, foraserlyoeaapled by
Dr. Woods. aprVH 11
DR. H. B. VAN VALZAH,
CLBAKflEI.D, PENN'A.
OKK1CE IN MASONIC BUILUINO
p OEca boots From II to I P. M.
May 11, 17.
DR. JEKFEHSON LITZ,
WOODLAND, PA.
Will promptly attend all nils la the lies of bis
professloa. bot.is-,
D. M DOHEETI,
FASIIIONARLE BARBER A HAIR DRESSER.
CLEARFIELD, TA.
Pnop la rooB formerly occupied hj N angle
Market llreat.
July 14, 'T6.
HAUHY HNYDKK.
(ronaerly with Uw ftohultr.)
BARBER AND DAIRDBK5RRR.
Pbop oa Market Rl., oppoelt Court Ilouie,
A etaea towel for aver eaaloaier. mmy IV, '16.
WHOLESALE LIQUOR STORE.
At the end of the Bow bridee,
WEST CLEARFIELD, PA.
The aronrleler of this establishment will has
bis liquors direct from dlstllbsra. Pertlee barlna
from this hour, will be sura t. gat a para article
at a small margin above eaet.l Hotel Beepers aaa
ba faral.hed wilb llqaors oa ruaeoaabla terms.
Pare wreea and brandies direst from Seakty's
Vinery, at Data, Haw Torn.
OliOHUI N. COLUIRN
Clearteld, Jaae 1, I Ilk If.
JIIKTH KH' a CORHTABLIM' KIKB
We bare printed a large aamawr af tbe new
FEE BILL, aad will aa the reoelpt of twenty.
a aaata, mail a Mipf :a bv addraas. ajytl
CLEARFIELD
GEO. B. QOODLANDEE, Proprietor.
VOL. 50-WHOLE NO.
Cards.
JOHN D.THOMPSON,
Justloo of tbe Peaee and Sorlrener,
Cnrwenavllle, Pa.
feeuColleetlons made and noner prolnplle
paldoror. fem'Tllf
RICHARD HUGHES,
JCBTICK OF TI1R PEACP,
FOR
Ittralur Tou-nihlp,
Osceola Mills P. a
All offlelel businese entrasted to him will ba
promptly attended to. aacbtO, 7fl.
tSO. ALBBBT MBABT ALBUnT.. W. ALBBBT
W. ALBERT &. BROS.,
Maaufacturers A extensive Dealers in
Sawed Lumber, Square Timber, do.,
WOODLAND, rill'A.
Jtir-Ordars solicited. Bills filled on short notlaa
ana rensonsoie verms.
Address Woodland P. O., Clearfield Co., Pa.
ejj.l, W ALUKKT A BROS.
"FRANCIS COljTRI ET,
MERCHANT,
Prencbvllle, Clearlleld Count)', Pa.
KMni eoBstantle ob band a full assortment of
Dry (ioods, Hardware, Groceries, and aTerytblnK
a.usllj kept In a retail store, wbieb will be sold,
r easn, as eneap as eisewnere in ine euuoij.
Proncbrllle, June 17, 1887-lj.
THOMA8 H. FORCEE,
DBALBB IB
GENERAL MERCHANDISE,
(iltAIIAMTON, Pa.
Also, eitcnelve manufacturer and dealer In 8qnere
Timber and flawed Lumber of all kinds.
JB-0rdera solicited and all bills promptly
nliod. t'Jji''''
REU B E N H A C KM AN.
House and Sign Painter and Paper
Hanger,
Clearfield, Penu'a.
aceaWIII eveeeta lobs la his Una nromtttlr and
la a workmanlike manner. a,r4,6T
G. H . H ALL,
PRACTICAL PUMP MAKER,
NEAR CLKARFIKLD, PKNN'A.
AtsM'ampB always on hftnd and made to order
on short notice. Pipes bored on reasonable terms.
All work warranted to render satisfaction, and
delivered If desired. myliiljpd
E. A. BIGLER t CO.,
D1U1.bT.RI III
SQUARE TIMBER,
and manufacturers of
AM, HINDU Ol'HAWKD I.I'M II :H,
l-T'TI CLEARFIELD, PKNN'A.
JAS. B. GRAHAM,
' dealer In j ;
Real Estate, Square Timber, Boards,
8IirXQI.ES, LATH, A PICKETS,
:I073 Clearfield, Pa,
JAMES illTCIlELL,
PKALBR IB
Square Timber & Timber Lands,
. J.I 17.1 CLEARFIELD, PA.
JAMES H. LYTLE,
In liratier'a Building. Clearfield, Pa.
Dealer la Oroeetles, Prorlelons, Vegetables,
Pruite, Flour, Feed, ete., ete.
aprl'76-tf
WARREN THORN,
BOOT AND SIIOK MAKER,
Market U, Clearfleld, Pa.
In tba shop lately aeeupisd by Frank 8horl,
one door west of Alleghany lloeee.
T. M, ROBINSON,
Market Mtreet, Clearfleld. r
HAUfFACTUBBl OF
Lifht ami Htj fUrnef, CoIUrp, PiOdlM,
Briilei, Ao. Repairing otally done.
M7 24, I87fi m.
JOHN A. RTADLER,
BAKER. Market St., Clearfitlil, Pa.
Vreik Broad, Ruek, Roll, Piet iad Cakoe
oa hand or mad to order. A general aiportment
of CoDfaotlonarlei, Fruit aad Noli to Hook.
lea Cream and Oyten in eraeon. Salona aearlj
oppoiile tba PowoOot. frleei noderale.
March 10-'7a.
J. R. M'MUIIRAY
WILL RIIPrLT TOD WITH ANY ARTICLE
OF MBllCHANDIBE AT Til E VERY LOWEST
PRICK. COMK AND BEE. (l:U3y:)
NEW WASHINGTON.
T1HEAP GUOCERIKS!
J M'MHKR CITV, PA.
Tbe anderiigned announce to bi old friend
and natron that ha h opened a good line ot
OUOCKHlKfl A PUOVIHlONH at the old etand
of Kirk A ttjieneer, fur which be toliciti a llhoral
patronago. n. . nrwuvn.
idUDDer viiy, re., Maren
MARBLE AMD KTONK VAHI).
Mr., fa. . I.IDDEI.L,
ng eagaged la tha Marble business, desire,
to inform ber friends and tbe public that ehe baa
now aad will keep constantly on hand a largo and
well selected stock of ITALIAN AND VERMONT
MAHIILE. and Is prepared to furnish to order
TOMBSTONES, BOX AND CRADLE TOMBS,
MONUMENTS, Ac
kravYai d on Reed slraet, Bear tba R, R. Depot,
Clearfleld, Pa. JeU,70
S. I. SNYDER,
ffS PRACTICAL WATCHMAKER
ttttft sun naALBB IB
Wnlnlma f?ln..Ua nntl .Inwcl.v
(Vroion'. few, Marktl &rM,
CLEAHPIUM), PA.
All kiads of repairing la my Una promptly at
ended to. April 23, 174.
lalvery Mtnble.
TH B anderatgned bg leave to intorm the pub
lie that ba i now fully nrrnar to aenumDo-
date all In the way of furniihing IK.e, Uugglee,
Haddlei and Uarneu. on the atiortaat notice and
a reaaonahle terni. Realdenoe on Locuat atreet.
aelweaa Third and Fonrth.
(1RO. W. OBARIIART.
Olearneld. Feb. 4. 1874.
MITCHELL WAGONS.
The Best is the Cheapest!
Thome Retlly bai reeelred another large lot af
"Mitchell Wegona," which are among tbe vary
beat manufactured, and which ba will aall at tba
moat reasonable rate. II ii ttook Inolndee alntoel
all deaerlptiuBf of wegoaa largeand email, widt
and narrow track, tall an aee thtra.
aprB'T4 T 1 10 MAS RKILLY.
ANDREW HARWICK,
Market IMreet, Clearfleld, Pa.,
MAMttriCTOMRR At PR A MR III
I1ABNKH8, BAD0LK8, BHIDLES, COLLABH,
aad all klnda of
IIOnSK FVHNISHINQ GOODS.
A full Hock of ftaddlen' II an) warn, Braabae,
Comb, Blankata, Room, ate., alwaji oa band
and for tale at the lowest eaah prieee. All kind
af repairing promptly attended to.
All kind f bide take;: la aicbaSM for fcar-
neae and repairing. All kiada af Seraac leather
kept en nana, ana iot eie ai a twan proa
Clearleld, Jaa. 19, 187. .
-JJNDEnTAKING.
Tha anderatgned are now fatly prepared to
earry an in biuaee or
1JKUKRTAKI1VC,
AT REAS0NABLI RATES,
Aad respKllally solicit tba p.tronags af than
spMin, awca asrriMa.
JO II It TROIITMAIT,
JAMES L. LEAVY.
Clearleld, Pa., Feb. II, 1174.
2183.
THE PHESWENCY.
OOV. TII.DEN'I LITTER DP ACCEPTANCE.
Albany, July 31, 1870. Gentlemen:
When I hftdtuo honor to rocoivo ior-
onal delivery of your letter on behalf
ol the Domocratio Isutioiml Uonvon
tion, lioltl on tho 28th of Juno, at St.
Louis, advising me of my nomination,
as tho cantlidato of tho constituency
renrosontcd by that body, for tho of
fice ol rrcsidcnt ot the unilctl Qtutos,
I announced that at my earliest oonvoni
ence and in conformity with usairo I
would prenaro and transmit to you a
lormal acceptance, i now avail tnyson
ol the flint interval in unavoidable oo-
ctipations to ftillill that eniranomcitt.
Tho Convention before inuklnir its
nominations adopted a declaration of
principle winch, as a wliole, seeing to
be a wise exposition of tbe necessities
ot our countiy, and ol relorms needed
to bring back tho Government to it
ti uo functions, to resloro purity of the
administration and to renew the pros
perity of tho people j but somo of those
reforms aro so urgent that they claim
more than a passing approval,
REFORM IN PHIILIC EXPENSE.
Tho necossity of a reform in tho
scalo of public expense, Federal, State
and municipal, and in tha modes of
federal taxation instineg all I no prom
inence given to it in the declaration of
tho St. Louis Convention.
Tho present depression in all tho bu
sinoss nnd industries ol the people
winch Is depriving labor ot us employ
ment and carrying want into so many
homes has its principal cause in exces
sive governmental consumption, undor
tho illusions ot a specious prosperity,
engendered by the falso policies ot tho
Federal Government. A waste ot cap
ital bos been going on ever since the
peaco ol IHba, wbieb could only end In
universal disaster. The Federal taxes
of the last eleven years, reach the gi
gantic sum of forty-five hundred mil
lions. Local taxation has amounted
to two-thirds as much more. The vast
aggregate is not less than sovenly-flve
hundred millions. This enormous tax
ation lollowed a civil conflict that had
greatly impaired our aggregate wealth
and had made a prompt reduction of
expenses indispensable, It was ag
gravated by most unscientific and ill
adjusted methods of taxation that in
creased the sacrifices of tho peoplo far
beyond the receipts of the Treasury.
1 1 was aggravated moreover by a finan
cial policy which tended to diminish
the energy, skill and economy of pro
duction, and tho frugality of private
coiiHiimption, and induced miscalcula
tion in business and in unremunurativo
use ol capital and labor. Even in pros
perous times the daily wants of indus
trious communities press closely anon
their daily comings. The margin of
possible national savings is at bost a
small percentage of national earnings.
Y et now for these eleven years govern
mental consumption has taken a larger
portion of tbo national earnings than
tho whole people can possibly save.
evon in prosperous times, tor all new
investments. 1 be consequences ot those
errors are a present publio calamity;
but thoy worn never doubllul, never
invisible: they were necessary and in
evitable and were foreseen and dopict-
od when tho waves ot that fictitious
prosperity ran highest. In a speocb
made by me on the 24tb of September,
lSUa, it was saidof these taxes, "They
hear heavily upon every man's income,
upon every industry and evory bu
siness in tho country, and, year by
year, they are destined to press still
moro heavily unless we arrest tbo sys
tem that gives rise to them. It was
comparatively easy when values were
doubling under repeated issues of legal
tendor paper money to pay out of tbe
froth of our growing and apparent
wealth these taxes, but when values
reccdo and sink towards their natural
scalo tho tax gatherers take from us
not only our income, not only our
profits, but also a portion of our capi
tal. 1 do not wish to exaggerate or
alarm, I simply say that one cau not
afford tho costly and ruinous policy of
tbo JtaUical majority ot Congress. We
cannot afford that policy towards tho
South. Wo cannot afford the magnf
ficcnt and oppressive centralism into
which our Government is being con
verted. We cannot afford tbo present
magmheent scale ol taxation.
To tho Secretary of the Treasury I
said early in 1805: '-There is no royal
road lor a uovernmcnt more limn tor
an individual or a corporation. What
you want to do is to cut down your
expenses and live within your income.
1 would givo all the legorucmsin of
ttnanco and nnanciering, 1 would give
tho whole of it for the old homely
maxim, 't.lvo within your Income.
This reform will bo resisted at every
step, hut it must be pressed persistent
ly. Wo sco to-day tho immediate rep
resentatives of the peoplo in one branch
of Congress, while struggling to reduco
expenditures, compelled to confront tbe
menace of tho Senate and tbe Execu
tive, that unless the objcctionablo ap
propriations be consented to tho oper
ations of tho (iovemment thereunder
shall suffer detriment or vease.
In my judgment an amendment of
the Constitution ought to be doviscd
separating into distinct bills tho appro
priations for tho various departments
of the publio scrvico, and excluding
from each bill all appropriations for
other objects and all independent leg
islation. In that way alone can tho
revisory power of each of the two
Houses and of tho Executive be pro
served and exempted from the moral
duress, which otlon compels assent
to objectionable appropriations rather
than stop tho wheels ot the Govern
ment. THE SOUTH.
An accessory cause enhancing th
distress in business is to be found in
the systematic and insupportable mis-
government imposed on th States of
the noutb. ilcsidcs the ordinary ef
fects ol ignorant and dishonest admin
islrr.tion, it has Inflictod upon them
enormous issues of fradulont bonds the
scanty avails of which wore wasted or
stolen, and the existence of which is a
public discredit, tending to bankruptcy
or repudiation. Taxes, generally op
pressive, in somo instances, have con
fiscated the entire income of property
and totally doatroyed its marketable
value. It is impossible that these evil
should not react upon the prosperity
of the whole country. The noblost
motive of humanity concur with the
material interests of all In requiring
that every obstacle be removed to a
complete and durable reconciliation be
tween kindred populations, once un
naturally estranged, on the basis recog
nised by the St, Louis platform, of Uie
Constitution of th United States with
Its amendment universally accepted,
as a final settlement of th controTer
sie which engendered civil war. Bat
in aid ot a result so benofioent the
moral influence of every mod citltveo
a well as every irovernmsnul authority
ongot to os txerteo. not alon to main
tain their Jnst equality before the law
CLEARFIELD,
but likowiso to establish a cordial
fraternity and good will among citi
suns, whatever their raco or color,
who aro now united iu tho ono des
tiny ot selfgovornmont. It tho duty
shall be assigned to mo 1 should not
fail to oxorciso tho powers with which
tho laws and the Constitution of our
oountry clothe its Chief Alagistrato to
protect all its cititens, whatevor their
lormor condition, in every political ano
porsonal right.
CURRENCY REFORM.
lioform is nocossary, declares tho St.
Louis Convention, to ostablish a sound
currency, restore the public crodit, and
maintain tho national honor ; and
it goes on to demand a judicious
system or preparation by public econ-
and by wiso finance, which shall
enable the nation soon to assure tho
whole world of its perfect ability and
its perfect readiness to meet any of lis
promises at tho call of tho creditor en
titled to payment Tho objoct de
manded by tho uonvcntion is a resump
tion of spocio payments on tho legul
tendor notos of tho United Stales.
That would not only "rcstoro the pub
lic credit" and maintain the national
honor, but it would establish a sound
currency for the people. Tho mothods
by which this object is to bo pursued
and tho means by which it is to be at
tained aro disclosed by what tho Con
vention demanded in tho future and by
what it donounccd in tbo past.
BANK NOTE RESUMPTION.
Resumption of specie pnynionfs by tho
Government ot the United States on
its legal tender notes would ostablish
specie payments by ull tho banks on
all their notes. The official statement
made on tbe 12th of May shows that,
tho amount ot tho bank notes was
1300,000,01)0 loss $20,000,000 held by
thomsolvcs. Against thoso iKU.Olio,.
000 of notos the banks held (141,000,
000 of legal tender notes or a little
moro than fifty percent, ol their amount.
Dut they also held, on deposit in the
KoderjU Troaaury as security for these
notes, lionds ot tho United States worth
in gold about .300,000,000, available
antf curront in all the foreign money
markets. In resinning, the bank), even
if it wore possible for ull their notes to
bo presented tor payment, would have
five hundred millions of specie funds
to pay 1280,000,000 of notes without
contracting their loans to their custom
ers or calling on any private debtor for
payment. Suspended banks under
tuking to resume have usually been
obliged to collect from needy borrow
ers tho means to redeem excessive
issuesand to provide reserve. Avagno
idea ol distress is often associated with
tho process of resumption : but the con
ditions which caused distress in theso
former instances do not now exist. Tho
Uovernmcnt has only to make good its
own promises and tbo banks can take
care of themselves without distressing
anybody. Tho (iovornmont is, there
fore, tho sole delinquent.
I.EQAL TENDER RESUMPTION.
The amount of the leiral tender notes
of tho United States now outstanding
is less than 1.I7U, 111111,111111, doskIcs f.i I,
000,000 ol fractional currency. How
shall the Government mako theso notes
at all times as good as spocio 1 It ha
to provide in reloronce to tho mass
which would be kept In use by the
wants of business a central reserve of
coin, adequate to the adjustment of tho
temporary fluctuations of international
balances, and as a guaranty against
trsnsiont drain artificially created by
panic or by speculations. It has also
to'provido for the payment in coin of
such fractional currency as may bo
presented lor reilompuon and such in
considerable portions of tho legal ten
ders as individuals may from time to
time desire to convert for special use,
or in ordor to lay by in coin ther littlo
storoB of money.
RESUMPTION NOT DIFFICULT.
To make the coin in the Treasury
available for the objects of this reserve,
to gradually slrongthon and enlargo
that reservo, and to provide for such
other exceptional demunds for coin as
may arise does not seem to mo a work
of difficulty. If wisely planned and
discreetly pursued it ought not to cost
any sacrifice to tho business of tho
country. It should tond on tho con
trary to a revival of bopo and confi
dence Tho coin in tbo Treasury on
the 30th of June, including what is bold
aeaiiist coin certificates, amounted to
nearly $74,000,000. Tho current of
precious metals which lias nowed out
of our country, for tho eleven years
irom July 1, int;r, to Juno ilii, I87l,
averaging nearly $70, 000,0110 a year,
was $832,000,0(10 in tho wholo period,
of which $017,000,000 were the pro
duet ot our own mines. To amass the
requisite quantity by intercepting from
the curront flowjnir out of the country
nnd by acquiring from tho stocks which
exist abroad without disturbing the
equilibrium ol lorcign money markots,
is a result to be easily worked out by
a practical knowledge and judgment
wuii ronpeei to wnutever surplus 01
legal tenders tbe wants ol business may
fail to keep in use, and which, in order
to savo interest, will bo returned lor
redemption. 'They can cither bo paid
or they can be funded. V bother llioy
continue as currency or bo absorbed
into the vast mass ot securities held as
investment is morely a question of tho
rate of interest they draw. Evon if
they were to remain in their present
form and tha Government agree to pay
on them a rnto of interest, making
them pay as'desirable investments, they
would cease to circulate and tako their
place with Government, State, munici
pal, and other corporate and private
bonds, ol which thousands of millions
exist among ns. In tbo perfect case
with which thoy can bo changed from
currency into investments lies the only
danger to be guarded against in the
adoption of general measures Intended
to remove a clearly ascertained surplus,
that is, the withdrawal of any which
are not a pormanont excess beyond
tho want ol business. Evon more
mischovious would be any measure
which affects the public imagination
with the fear of any apprehended
scarcity. In a community where credit
is so much used fluctuations ol value
and vicissitudes in business are largely
caused by the temporary tendency to
the belief of men even beloro theso be
liefs can conform to ascertained reali
ties. AMOUNT OF NsXIHSARV CURRKNCT,
The amount of tho necessary cur
rency at a given timo must he deter
mined arbitrarily, and should not be
assumed on conjnctnre. That amount
is subject to both permanent and tem
porary changes. vAn enlargement of
it, which seemeti to no durable, hap
pened at the boginning ot tbo civil war,
by a subsUteted use of currency in
place of individual credits. It varies
with certain itato of business. It
11 acta ate with considerable, regularity
at different seasons of the year. In
the autumn, for Instance, when buyers
of srrain and other agricultural pro
PRINCIPLE8, NOT MEN.
PA WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 16, 1876.
ducts' begin their operations they
usually need to borrow capital or cir
culating creditB by which to make
their purchases and want theso funds
in currency, cnpablo of being distribu
ted in small sum among numerous
sellers. Tbo additional need ot currcn
cy at such times is fivo or more per
cunt, of tho whole volume, and it a
surplus beyond what Is required for
ordinary uso uocs not, happen to nave
been on hand at the money centre a
scarcity of currency ensues and also a
stringency in tho loan markot. It was
in retorenco to sucn experience mat in
a discussion ol this stibjoct in my an
nual nicssago to the Now York Legis
lature of January 0, into, tho sugges
tion was mndo "that tho Fcdoral Gov
ernment is bound to rodeem every por
tion of its issue wbieb tbo public d
not wish to uso. Having assumed to
monopolise the snj ply. of .urrency, and
enacted exclusion sijuinst everybody
else, it is bound to furnish all which
tho wants of business require. Tho
system should passively allow tho vol
ume of circulating crtdits to obb and
flow nocording to tho ever changing
wants of business. It should imitate
as nearly us possible tin mutual laws
ot tratlo which it has itiperscdcd by
artificial contrlvuncos." In a similar
discussion, in my mcisago of January
4, 1870, it was suid that "resumption
should bo effected by luch measures as
would keep the aggregate amount of
currency soli-adjusting during all the
process, without creating at any timo
an artificial scarcity and without ex
citing tho publio imagination with
alarms which impair confidence, con
tract the wholo largo machinery of
credit, and disturb tlio natural opera
tions ol business.
MEANS, OP RESUMPTION.
Publio economics, official retrench
ment and wiso finance aro tho means
which tho St. Louis Convention indi
cate as provisions for reserves and re
sumptions. Tbo bost rosourco is a re
duction in tho cxponso 01 the tjovern
mcnt below its intomo, lor that Im
poses no new charge upon tho peoplo.
if, however, tho improvidence and
waste which have conducted us to a
period of falling revenues obligo us to
supplement tho results of economies
anil retrench inents by some resort to
loans, wo should not hesitate, the
Government ought not to speeulalo on
its own dishonor 111 order to savo in
terest on its broken promises which it
still compels private dealers to accept
at a fictitious par. Die highest na
tional honoris not only right but would
prove profitable. Ol tho publio debt
$085,000,000 bear interest at six per
cent, in gdd and $712,000,000 at live
per cent. 111 gold. Tho avorago inter
est is 5) per ocnt. A financial policy
. -I I.l .L-l.:.-l .
incu ntioinu Bvcuru uiu ingm-nt ereuiL
wisely availed of ought gradually to
obtain a reduction of one per cent, in
terest on most of lbs loans. A saving
of one per cent, on t ie average would
he seventeen millions a year in gold.
That saving regularly invested at 41
per cent., would in loss than thirty-
eight years extinguish the principal.
The whole seventeen hundred millions
of funded debt might bu paid by this
saving alone, without cost to the peo
ple.
1'HOl'tH TIMF, fOlt RESUMPTION.
The proper timo fur resumption is
tho timo when wise preparations shall
have ripened into a perfect ability to
accomplish tho object with a certainty
and ease tbat will inspire contldonco
and oncouraire tho revival of business.
The earliest timo in which such a re
sumption can bo brought about is tho
best. Even whan tho" preparations
shall have been matured, tho exact
data would have to be chosen with
rcl'eranro to the then existing stnte of
trade and credit operations 111 our own
country, the course of foreign commerce
and tbe condition of the exchange
with other nations. I be specific, meas
ures and the actual duto are matters of
detail having reference to our chang
ing conditions. They belong to tho
domain of practical administrative
statesmanship. The captain nf'a steam
er starting from New York to Liver
pool does not nssemblo a council over
bis own chart and fix an angla by
which to lash tho rudder lor tho wholo
voyuge. A human intelligence must
be at tho helm to discern tho shilling
forces ol tho wntois and the winds. A
human hand must be on the holm to
feel thn plemimfsL dav hv dnv. and
guitlo by a mastery over them.
PREPARATION MR RESUMPTION.
Such preparations aro everything ;
without them a legislative command,
fixing a day, an official prnmiso fixing
a tiny, are shams. They aro worse ;
they are a snare and a delusion to all
who trust them, 'i'hey destroy all con
fidence amonsr thoughtful men whoso
judgment will at least sway public
opinion. An attempt to net on sucli a
commandership, a promiso without a
preparation, would end In a new sus
pension. It would bo a fresh calamity,
prolific ol confusion, distrust and dis
tress.
THE AIT OP JANUARY I I, 1875.
Tho act of Congress of the 14th of
January, 1875, enacted that on and
after the 1st of January. 1870, the
Necrctnry of tbo Treasury shall redeem
in coin the legal tender noKs of the
I, mted Mates on presentation at the
ofllce of tho Assistant Treasurer in tho
city of New York. It authorised tha
Secretary to prepare and provide for
such resumption of spocio payment by
the uso ol uny surplus revenues, not
otherwise appropriated, anil by issuing
in histliseretioncerininclassesot bonds.
More than ono and a half of tho four
years have passed. Congress and tho
V resident have contrived over Binco to
unite in acts which have legislated out
in tho shape of expenses every possihlo
surplus applicable to this purpose. The
coin in tbo 1 reasury, tiuiincd to bo-
long to the Government, hud on the
30th of Juno fallen to less than $15,
000,000 as against $59,000,000 on the
1st ol Janury, 18,0, and the availatnl
ty of a part of that sum is said to bo
questionable. The revenues are fulling
faster than appropriations and expendi
ture are reduced, leaving the Treas
ury with diminishing resources. Tho
Secretary has done nothing under his
power to issuo bonds. The legislative
command, tho omciul promise, fixing a
day for resumption, have thus fur beoo
barren. No practical preparations to
ward resumption have boon made.
There has been no nroirress. There
havo been stetsi backward. Thoro is
no necromancy in the operation of
gnvomment ; tne nomely maxims ol
every day life are the best standards
of its conduct A debtor who should
remise to pay a loan out of surplus
income, vet be seen evarv dar spend
ins all be could lay bis hands on in
riotous living, would loo all character
foi bouosty and voracity. His offor
of a new promiso, or his prolrnsions aa
to tbe value ol tn oia promise, would
suite provoke uenaion.
RESUMPTION PLAN OF THE NT. LOUI
PLATFORM.
The St. Ionis platform denounces
REPUBLICAN.
tho failure of eleven year to make
good tho promiso of the legal tender
notes ; it denounce the omission to ac
cumulate any reserve for tboir redemp
tion ; it denounooa the conduct which
during eleven yean ot peace bu
mudu no advance toward resumption,
no preparation fur resumption, but in
stead has obstructed resumption by
wasting our resources and exhausting
all our surplus income, and while pro
fessing to intend to bring a speedy re
turn to spooie payment has annually
enacted fresh hindrances thoreto, and
havinir first donounoed the barrenness
of tho promise of a day ol resumption.
It than demands Its repeal and also
demunds tbe establishment or a Judi-
cious system of preparation for resump
tion. It cannot be doubted that the
substitution of a system of preparation
without tbe promise of a day, for tho
worthless promiso of a day without a
systora oi preparation, would do tbe
gain ot tha substanco of resumption in
exchange for Its shadow. Nor is the
denunciation unmerited of that Improv
idence which in the eleven year since
the peace has consumed $4,500,000,000,
and yet could not afford to givo tho
leopio a sound and stablo currency.
I'wo and a half per cent on tho ex
penditure of thoso cloven veare. on
even less, would have provided all tbe
additional coin needful to resumption,
and relief to business distress. Tbe
distress now felt by tbe people in all
their business and industries, though it
has its principal cause in tho enormous
waste of capital occasioned by tho false
policies of our Government, ba been
greatly aggravated by the mismanage
ment ot tho currency. Uncertainty is
the prolific parent of mischief in all
business Never were it evil more
felt than now. Men do nothing be
cause they are unable to make any
calculations on which they can solely
rely, l hey undertake nothing because
they fear a loss in everything they
would attempt. They stop and wait.
Tbo merchant does not buy for tbe
luturo consumption ot his customers ;
tbo manufacturer dare not make facili
ties which may not refund his outlay,
ho shuts bis factory and discharges hi
workmen ; capitalist cannot lend on
security they considor safe and their
funds lie almost without interest ; mon
of enterprise who have credit or se
curities to plcdgo will not borrow.
Consumption has fallen below tho nat
ural limits of a reasonable economy.
The price of many things are under
tboir range iu frugal, specie-paying
times, beloro the civil war. Vast
masses of currency lio in tbe bank un
used. A year and a half ago tho legal
tenders were at thoir largest volume,
and tho twelve millions since retired
havo been replaced by fresh issue of
fifteen millions of bank notes. In the
meantime the banks have been sur
rendering about four millions a month
because they cannot find a profitable
uso for so many of their notes. Tbo
public mind will no longer accept
shams; it has sufTorcd enough from il
lusions. An insecure policy increases
distrust An unstable policy increases
uncertainty. Iba people need to know
that the uovernmcnt is moving in the
direction ol ultimate safety and pros
perity, and that it is doing so through
prudent, safo and conservative meth
ods, which will be sure to inflict no now
sacrifice on the business of the country.
Then the inspiration of new hope and
well founded confidence will hasten
tho restorative processes of the nation,
nnd prosperity will begin to return.
the nt. Liouis convention concludes
its expression in regard to the currency
by a declaration of its conviction as to
tho practical result of tho system of
preparations it demands, it says: "We
believe such a system well devised and
above all intniBted to competent band
for execution, creating at no time an
artificial scarcity of currency and at no
time alarming tho publio mind into a
withdrawal ol that vaster machinery
of credit by which ninety-five per cent,
of all business transactions are per
formed, a system open, publio and in
spiring general confidence, would, from
the day of its adoption, bring healing
on its wings to all our harassed indus
tries, set in motion tho w hoots of com
merce, manufacturing and tbo mechan
ic arts, restore employment to labor
and renew in all its natural sources the
prosperity of the people." The Gov
ernment of the United State, in my
opinion, can advance to a resumption
of specie payments on its legal tender
notes by gradual and safo processes
tending to relieve tho present business
distress. II charged by the peoplo with
tho administration of the Executive
office, I should deem it a duty so to
exorciso the powers with which it bas
been or may bo Invested by uongress
as best and soonest to conduct tho
country to that beneficial result.
CIVIL SERVICE REFORM.
The Convention justly affirms that
reiorm lenecosHary in i.ne etvu Borviuo,
necessary to its purification, nocossary
to its economy and its efficiency, nocos
sary in order that the ordinary cm
lilovment of tbo publio business may
not be a prito fought for at the ballot
box, a brief reward ot party seal in
stead of post of honor, assigned for
proved competency and held lor fidelity
in tho publio employ. The Convention
wisely added tbat reform is necessary
oven more in tho highor grados ot tho
public service, President, Vice Presi
dent, Judgos,Senatora,l(cpresonlativcs,
Cabinet officers, these, and all others
in authority, aro tho peonlo's servants:
their officers are not a private requis
ite, they are a publio trust Two evils
infest the official sorvioe of the Fedora!
Government ; one is the prevalent and
demoralising notion tbat tbe publio
service exist not for the business and
benefit of the whole people but for the
interest of tbe office-holders, who are
in truth but the servants of the neopl.
Under th influence ot this pernicious
error publio employments have Deen
multiplied, the numbers of those irath-
orcd into tho ranks of th office-holder
have boon steadily increased beyond
any possihlo requirement of the publio
business, win lo inemcioncy, peculation
fraud and malversation ot tbe publie
funds Irom th high place of power to
the lowest, bav overspread th whole
service like a leprosy ; the other evil is
th organization ot the otlloial class In
to a body of political mercenaries, gov
erning the caucuses and diotatins tbe
nomination of their own party and
attempting to carry the elections of the
peoplo by undue influence and by im
mense corruption fund, systematically
collected from the salaries and fee of
office-holders. Tho official elass in
other countries, aomotimea by It own
weight and noicumo fn alliance with
the army, has been able to rule the un
organised mamas even under universal
sunrairo. Here it waa already grown
into a gigantic power capable of stil ing
the inspirations of sound public opinion
anil at resisting every cbnp-e or bu
ministration until mistrovernment be
came intolerable and publio epirit ba
been strung to the pitoh of a civic rev.
olution. The first atop in reform 1 tbe
clovatinn of the standard which tbe
appointing power select to execute of
ficial trust. Noxt in importance is
the consideration of fidelity in the ex
ercise of the authority to hold to ac
count and displace untrustworthy or
incapable subordinates. The public
interest in an honest and skillful per
formance of official trust must not bo
sacrificed to tho usufruct of the incum
bent. After thoso immediate steps,
which insure the exhibition of better
examples, we may wisely go on to the
1 1 n lit n mwA
isuuiiiiuD ui uuDtfuuanwry uiiivvw, nuu
finally to tbe patient, careful of a bet
tor civil sorvico system undor the tests,
whonever practicable, of proved com
petency and fidelity. White much may
be accomplished by these methods it
might encourage delusive expectation
if f withhold here the expression of my
conviction that no reform of tbe civil
sorvico in this country will bo complete
and permanent until Its chief magis
trate i constitutionally disqualified for
re-oiociion. exnenenev uavinir ruiHrnt-
edly exposed the futility of self imposed
restriction by candidate and incum
bents. Through this solemnity only
can be bo effectually dclivorea from
his greatest temptation to misuse tho
power and patronage with which tbe
executive is noceesarily charged.
CONCLUSION.
Educated in the belief that it is the
first duty of a citizen of tho liepublic
to take his fair allotment of care and
trouble in public affuirs, I have for fifty
years, as a private citizen, fulfilled that
duty. Though occupied in an unusual
doirroe during all that period with tbe
concerns of government, t have never
acquired the habit ot omciai mo.
When, a year and a half ago, I entered
upon my present trust, it was in order
to consummate reforms to which I had
already devoted several of the bost
year of my life Knowing aa I do,
thoroforo, from fresh experience, how
great the difference is between gliding
through an official routine and work
ing out a reform of systems and poli
tics, It is impossible tor ino to contotn-
Elate what needs to be done in the
'odoral Administration without an
anxious sense of tho difficulties of tho
undertaking, if summoned by the
suffrages of my countrymen to attempt
tbia work 1 shall endeavor, with uoa s
help, to be the oflioiont instrument of
their will. Samuel J. Tn.niN.
ToGon. John A. McClcmand, Chair
man, and others.
UOVERNOB HENDRICKS' LETTER.
Indianapolis, July 24, 1878. Gen
tlemen : I have the honor to ac
knowledge the receipt of your com
munication, in which you have formally
notified ma of my nomination by the
National Domocratio Convention at
St. Louis as their candidate for tho
office of Vice President of tbo United
States. It is a nomination which I
bad neither expooted nor desired, and
yet I recognize and appreciate the
nigh honor done me by the Convention.
Tbo choice of such a body, pronouncod
witu sucn unuenat unanimity, aim ne
companied with so generous an ex
pression of esteera'and confidenoo ought
to outweigh all merely personal aesire
and preferences of my own. It is with
this feeling, and I trust also from a
deep sense ot publio duty, that I shall
now accept tho nomination, and shall
abide tne judgement oi my oouuiry
men. It would have boon impossible
for me to accept the nomination if I
could not heartily indorse tbe platform
of the Convention. I am gratified,
therefore, to be able unequivocally to
declare tbat I agree in the principles,
approve tbe policies, and sympathize
with the purpose enunciated in that
piattorm.
THE STANDARD OF REFORM.
The institutions of our country have
been sorely tried by tho oxigoneios of
civil war, and, since the peaco, by sel
fish and oorrupt management of publio
affairs, wbich have shamed us before
civilized mankind, ily unwise and
partial legislation evory industry and
interest of tho people have boon made
to suffer, and in tbo Executive Depart
ment of tho Government dishonesty,
rapacity and venality have debauched
tho public service. Mon known to bo
unworthy have been promoted, while
others have boon degraded for fidelity
to official duty. Publio office bas boon
the means of private profit, and tho
eonntry has lieon offondod to see a
clam of men who boost tbo friendship
oi the sworn protectors of the State,
amassing fortunes by defrauding the
public J renatiry and by corrupting tno
servants of the people. Insuchacrisis
of the history of the country I rejoice
that the Convention at St. Louis bos
so nobly ruined tbe standard of reform.
Nothing can bo well with ns or with
our affairs until tbe public conscience,
shocked by tho enormous evils nnd
abuses which prevail, shall have de
manded and compelled an unsparing
reformation of our national administra
tion, "in its bead and its mombers."
In such a reformation the removal ot a
single officer, even tbe President, is
comparatively a trifling matter, if the
system which bo represents, and bits
fostered him as he has fostered it, is
suffered to remain. The President
alone must not be made the scapegoat
lor tho enormities ot tbo system wbieb
infects tbe publie service and throetona
the destruction of our institutions. In
somo rcsjiocts 1 hold tbat the present
r.xecutive bas been tne victim, rather
than the author, ot that vicious system-
Congressional and party loaders havo
boon stronger than tho President. No
one man could havo created it, and tho
removal of no one man can amond it
It is thoroughly corrupt, and must bo
swept romorsolossly away by tbo scioc-
r . ' . . . .
viun oi a, vjOTwniiiivui.viiurvi uvw, wnu
pledged to radical reform.
Tbe first work of reform must evi
dently be the restoration of the normal
operation of the Constitution of the
United State, with all ita amendments.
The necessities of war cannot be pleaded
in a tint of peace. Tho right of local
elf-government, a guaranteed by the
Constitution ol the United States, must
be everywhere restored, and tbo cen
tralized (almost personal) imperialism
which has been practiced most bo done
away or the first principle of tbe Jto-
publio will be lost.
REPEAL OF THE RESUMPTION CLAUSE.
Our financial system of expedient
must be reformed. Gold and silver are
the real standards of valuos. and our
national currency will not bo a perfect
medium of exchange until It shall be
convertible at th pleasure of the
bolder, A I have heretofore aaid, no
one dosiroa a return to specie pay mont
more earnestly than I do ; hut I do not
believe It will or can l reached in
harmony With the Interests of the peo
ple by artificial moasures for the con
traction of the currency, any more
than I believe wealth or permanent
prosperity can be ereated by an Infla
tion of the ourrenoy. Tbe laws ol
finance cannot be disregarded with
impunity. Tbe financial policy of the
Government, If, Indeed, it deserve the
name of potier at all, has been in dis.
regard of those laws, and therefore ha
TEEMS $2 per annum in Advance.
NEW SERIES-V0L. 17, NO. 32.
disturbed commercial and business con
fidonco as well as hindered a return to
spocio payments, Uno feature of that
policy was the resumption clausoof the
act of 1875, wbich has ombarrassod tho
oountry by the anticipation ot a com
pulsory resumption for which no prep
aration has been madu, and without
any assuranco that it would bo practi
cable. The repeal of that clause is
nocossary that the natural operation
of financial laws may be restored, that
the business ol the country may be re
lieved Irom its disturbing and depress
ing influonco, and that a return to
Bpoeio payments may be facilitated by
tho substitution of wiser and mors
prudent legislation, which shall mainly
rely on a judicious system of publio
economics and, abovo all, on the pro
motion of prosperity iu all tho indus
tries of the peoplo.
RESUMPTION A BACKWARD STEP.
I do not understand the repeal of tho
resumption clause of tho act of 1875 to
be a backward stop in our return to
specie payments, but tbo recovery of
a lalse step ; and although tba repeal
may, for a time, be prevented, yot the
determination of the Democratic party
on this subject ha now beon distinctly
declared, lhere should ba no hin
drances put in tho way ol a return to
specio payment. "A such a hin
drance, says the plotform of the St.
Ijouis uonvcntion, " wo ocnounco the
resumption cluuso of 1875, and demand
it repeal." I thoroughly believe tbat
by public economy, by official retrench
ments, and by wise finance enabling us
to accumulate tho nrocious motals. re
sumption, at an early period, is possible
without producing an "artificial scarcity
of currency" or disturbing public or
commercial credit ; and that thoso re
forms, togothor with tbe restoration
of pure government, will restore general
confidence, encourage tho useful invest
ment of capital, lurn'sb employment
to labor and relieve tho country from
the "paralysis of hard times."
ith tho industries ot tho people
there bave been frequent interferences.
Our platform truly saj-s that many in
dustries have been impoverished to
subsidize a few. Our oommorco bos
been degraded to an inferior position
on the high seas, manufactures bave
bocn diminished, agriculture bas been
embarrassed, and the distress of the
industrial classes demands that these
things shall bo reformed.
ihs burden ol the people must also
be lightened by a grout change in our
system of public expenses. The profli
gate expenditures w hich increased tax
ation from $5 per capita -in 1850 to $18
in 1870, tells its own story of our need
of public reform.
THE CHINESE QUESTION.,
Our treaties with foreign powers
should also be revised and amended in
so fur as they leave the citizens of for
eign birth in any particular less secure
in any country on earth than they
would bo it they bad been born upon
our own soil ; and the iniquitous coolie
system wbieb, through tho agency of
wealthy companies, import Chineso
bondmen and establishes a species -ot
slavery and interferes with tho just
rewards of labor on our Pacific coast
should be uttory abolished.
CIVIL SEBVICR RRFORM.
In the reform of our civil sorvico I
most heartily indorse that section of
tbe piattorm which declares mat tno
civil service ought to bo "stibjoct to
change at every election, and that n
ought not to be made "the brief re
ward ot party zeal, but ought to he
awarded for proved competency, and
held tor fidelity to tho publio employ.
I hope never again to see thecruot aud
remorseless proscription tor political
opinions which has disgraced the ad
ministration ot the lost eigne years.
Bad as the civil service now is, as all
know, it has tome men of tried integ
rity and proved ability. Such men,
and such men only, should bo retained
in office ; but no man should bo retained
on any consideration who has prosti
tuted his office to tho purposes of par
tisan Intimidation or compulsion, or
who ba furnished money to corrupt
tho elections. This is dono and has
boon done in almost every county of
tho land. It is a blight upon tbo morals
ot thecountry,andoughttoberetormeU.
THE COMMON SOftoOLS.
Of sectional contentions nnd in re
spect to our common schools I bave
only this to say, that, in my judgment,
tho man or party that would involve
our schools in political or sectarian
controversy is an enemy lo tho schools.
Tho common schools are sntcr under
the protecting enro of all the people
than under the control ol any party
or sect. They must bo neither secta
rian nor parusaii, auu buuru iiiunv oo
neither division nor misrepresentation
of the funds for their support Like
wise 1 regard tho man who would
arouse sectional animosities and an
tagonisms among his countrymen as a
dangerous enemy to bis country.
Tllf STniFE OF RACE AND COLOB.
All tbe people must bo mado to (eel
and know that onco moro there is
established a purposoand policy under
which all citizens ot every condition,
race and color will bo secure in the
enjoyment of whatevor right the Con
stitution and laws declare or recognizo
and that in controversies that may
arino the (tovernmont Is not a partisan,
bnt, within its constitutional authority,
tbo just and powerful guardian of the
rights and safety of ail. 1 ho strife bo-
tweeu tha sections and between races
will cease as soon as tho power for evil
is takon away from a party that makes
political gain out ol scenes ol violence
and bloodshed, and tho constitutional
authority is placed in tho hands of men
whose political wollare require that
peace and good order will be preserved
everywboro.
A COMPLIMENT TO OOVERNOR T1LDEN.
It will be soon, gentleman, that 1 am
in entire accord with the platform ot
the Convention by which I have been
nominated as a candidate for the office
of Vice President of the United States.
Permit mo, in conclusion, to express
my satisfaction at being associated with
a candidate tor the Presidency who is
first among his equals as a representa
tive of tha spirit and of tho achieve
ments of reform. In his official career
as the Executive of tho great State of
New York, ho bas, in a comparatively
short period, relormed tho publio ser
vice and reduced the publio burdens so
as to hove earned at once the gratitude
of bis Slate and tho admiration of the
country. Tho people know him to bo
thoroughly in earnest ; he has shown
himself to bo possessed of powers and
Dualities which fit him, in an eminent
egree, for tho great work of reforma
tion which this country now needs ;
and if bo shall be chosen by tbo peoplo
to ths high office of President of the
United States, I believe that tho day
of his inauguration will he tho begin
ning of a now era of peace, purity and
prosperity in all departments ol our
Govsrnmont.
1 am,gcntlomon,yourohod't. servant,
TantdAS A. Hendricks.
To the Hon. John A. McClernand,
Chairman, and others of the Com'tee.
DESC1IPTION BT A NAM WHO LIVED WITH
THEM FOI FITI YEAR.
Proas tha Et. Loals UI.ba-PasM.rat
. A reporter of tho fViuft Democrat met
Mr. J, I). Keller, a gentleman who re
sides at 1.022 Morgan street, In this
city, and who possesses a groat deal of
into resting information about the Sioux.
Mr. Keller was from 1808 to 1873,
clerk of the agent at Standing Itook
and had ample opportunities to get ac
quainted with this tribe ol bloodthirsty
savages. In toot, ho lived among them
so long that he learned to speak their
language like a native, and was a great
favorite of tbo big Cbiofs who came to
tbo agency. They called him "Minne
bua Ochifa" (the writing boy). The
word Sioux means "cut-throat" Ac
cording to Mr. Keller's statement, ths
various bands of Sioux number from
35,000 to 43,000, and aro divided into
the following different tribes : Unka
papa Black Foot, San Are, Two Ket
tles, Upper Yanktonais, Lower Yank
tonais. Santos Sioux, Burgglys, Min
Conjoux, and Galkaa. Part of those
livo east and part wost of the Missouri
river. Totonka Otahks (Sitting Bull)
who led the savages in the fight against
Custer belongs to tho Unkapapos(dried
beet eaters). Mr. Jveltor Know mm
well. He ba a largo head, eyes and
nose, high cheek-bones, one of his log
is shorter than the other, from a gun
shot wound In tho loft knee. Hi
countenance 1 of an extremely savage
type, betraying that bloodthlrstint.is
and brutality lor which he ha been so
long notorious, iio has tbe name ol
being ono of tbe most successful scalp
ers in tbe Indian country. Thoro has
been a standing reward ot II,vuu otter
ed for his boau for tbo lost eight years,
by tho Montana pooplo, who have spe
cial cause to know bis ferocious nature,
some of our worst deeds having beon
icrpotrated in that Territory, 'loo
iin. ,v wlinnnhtliaw,n.(lt Lla.lr .Lair
faces from tha eyes down, tho forehead
being colored a bright rod. When in
mourning, and very eager to revenge
tho death of friends or relations, thoy
cut thoir hair short and daub their
laces with white earth. Their feats of
horsemanship aro wonderful. They
consider tho greatest act of valor to be
the strikiog ot their enemy with somo
bond instrument while alivo.and wheth
er alive or dead, it is the first one that
strikes the fallen foo that "count the
coup," and not tbo one tbat shoots him.
They do not always scalp. Their ob
joct in scalping is to furnish a proof of
their doed, and give them to tneir wo
men to dance ovor. Thoy always at
tack in a sweeping, circling line, eagle
liko, givo a volley, pas on, circle and
return on a different angle. When
they kill one of tbe enemy there la
always a rush to get the first crack at
him, so a to "count the coup," and
then some Indian who was disappoint
ed in getting a cut at the victim while
alive scalps him. The Sioux always
camp with topes (lodges) in a circle,
making, as it wore, a stockade, and
when on dangerous ground they picket
their ponies in tbe centre. Mr. Keller
is familiar with tho ground where the
disastrous engagement of Custer occur
red. Concerning this ho said: "My
idea of tbe Custer slaughter is that the
Indians bad no women and children in
their lodgos, and bod parapets dug un
der tbe lodgos out of sight, Custer,
thinking it was a family camp, rushed
in the centra of their fort, where resist
ance would necessarily prove fatal.
llis only means ot escape was, alter
finding himself in this fix, to run right
through and out, and not stop to fight,
but join lfcno's command and retreat"
l.en 1. sltarnoy, terry, Sherman aud
.San Auburn constituted the Military
Commission who, in 1868, formed a
treaty with the Sioux strort Kice, in
Dakota. According to tbo terms of the
treaty, the Sioux were to have all the
country extending Irom tbe itunnlng
ator north to hlleen miles above
Heart river, east of tho Missouri river,
including tha country known as the
Block Hills.
The treaty also called for an annuity
of provisions, clothing, agricultural im
plements, and employers known aa
boss trainers, to toacn such as would
consent to come down and live at the
agencies tbo mode of earning a liveli
hood like their white brothers twase-
cbi). Thoso that remained on the res
ervation, refusing to come to the agen
cies, were allowed a smaller annuity it
they abstained from killing whiles.
Alter the treaty had been made, the
Indian gradually came into the dif
ferent agencies. There they spent
the winters, going into the Yellow
stone country for their summer hunt
and to fight tho Crows. For a consid
erable length of timo the treaty was
faithfully kept on both sides. Occa
sionally a small party of young bucks
would kill a wood-chopper or a stray
soldior, but this was rare. Sitting Bull,
with abont thirty -eight lodges (i. e.
families, there being an average of
seven to tbe lodge), was the only man
who refused to cat "white man s grub."
They lived in tbe Yellowstone coun
try, went into Fort Peck and the Mus
sel Shell to trade aqd make a general
war on tbe citizens and soldiers who
chanced to cross their paths.
No Rest. Science teaches ha that
the crust of our earth is perpetually
moving, and that the sea level is con
stantly changing. Our globe bu its
daily rotation on it axis and iu year
ly revolution about the sun. 1 be sun,
with all it satellites, swoops on to
wards a moving point in tbe constella
tion Hercules. Every so-called "fixed
star" is in motion. Ffty thousand
years ago tho constellation of the Great
Boar, or Dipper, was a starry cross.
A hundred years hence tbo imaginary
Dipper will bo upside down and the
stars which form tbe bowl and handle
will have changed places. The misty
nebulas are moving, and, besides, are
whirling around in great spirals some
one way, some anotiior. Every mole
cule of matter in the whole universe is
swinging to and fro; every particle of
cither which fills space ia in jelly-like
vibration. Light is ono kind ot motion,
lust anothor, electricity anothor, mag
getism another, sound another. Every
human sense is the result ot motion.
Evory perception, evory thought is
but motion oi tho molecules of tho
brain translated by that incomprehen
sible thing we call "mind." Tne pro
cess of growth, of existence, of decay,
whothor in world or in the minutest
organisms, are bat motion.
A Baltimore school teacher had oc
casion the other day to examine th
pockets ot one of ber boy scholar.
The contents of these omnium gather
urns carefully taken out and placed on
a saucer were as follow : A rubber
ball gnawed at one aide, tour yard of
twine, three peewees, two slate-pencils,
a piece oi soap, a copper, six nails, a
picklo, 'a fish book, a bun, a totter
which had once been pink, but now,
alaj I five lozenges, a top, a doll' boot
with the ankle in it, a gold stud, weep
ingly contefwwd to be "my mammio's,"
a patent look, key attached, a piece ot
gum with tooth impressions, a leal
from a speller around a treacherous
piece of tnr, two kite bobs, a scissor,
a watch koy, a pipe bowl colored and
scented after the fittest epicurean stylo,
a shoestring, a whistle, four scarlet
beans, an inch doll, two bobbin, an
Irishman' jack-knife, a lampwtek,
throe pieces ol rainbow Coal, flv Jack
stones, a photograph, a tack -hammer,
a ring, a skillot leg, a metal to, a rab
bit's tail. Total, 65.
Heed this solemn warning, ye who
aro matrimonially inclined : "It I said
whoever goes to steep first on th wed
ding night will die fJrst, and we'd ad.
vise newly married couple to tit p all
nlgbt and play rhockera." -