l TUB " '
" CLEAIFIKLD UmtUCAN;
, , mauia.. avsa. . h
QOODLANDER & LEE,
, ouurfikid, n.
OT4DLI1HBD II liT.
, rtw lugMt CtrcidatUa tfuj awa.aar
, gi Mortk Csatral raaasyivaaia.
j i, Trmi of Sttbwription. ,
(f ul ta tin, et arable i oitki....M Ml
ir paid after I .ad Mora t aujalae. ....... 4 1
(f paid .fur the aaplratlea of ajoataa... I UU I
,,, 7:.Bato ol AiTartUinf .
Truulmt liinlUnmU, per aqaax W 10 IliM or
leea, 1 linoi or leea. h m............ll
For eaeb lubpoquont iBeortloa... IS
.lrlnllrtor.' .ad guootere'aotloM. I
ABdttore' Botieaa...........w,................. I a
CeutLoaa aa4 Kuya...n.M..M.M I
Dl.aolatioa nolioo
Profeeilonel Cerde, I Hae. or lon,l year.... 1 M
Loe.1 Belieee, Uaa t
IIARLT ADVIBTMBMBNTg.
I mux. . M I J ooIomi 1 M
I BuM.li i oolumr. ....... t
t eo.ueree ' I 1 Balaam -1"
O. B. QOODLANDIft,
NORL B. LBB,
Pobllibere.
, . W. C. ARNOLD,
LAW & COLLECTION OFFICB,
CURWENRVILLI,
join ClrrH CouaUr, Pwn'o. Hi
iiMtluiur. CIUOEK.
MURRAY & GORDON,
ATTOBNKlS AT LAW,
CLKAHFIBl.D, FA.
pa-Otif li Flo'f Opera Homo, noon floor.
:J0'T4 .
FRANK FIELDING,
ATTORNEY-AT-LAW,
ClearUcld, Pt.
Will ttlend to ill buiiooai oDtrultod to Bin
prempUr onj f.llbrollj. o'''' .
TIM.M1I 1. wnuti,
BAV1D b. BBBBB.
JOBB W. WBHILBT.
BABBT r. WALLACB.
WALLACE 4. KREBS,
(nawcmors to nsiiMr rivauiug,,
ATTOANKY8-AT-LAW,
IMl'tl GlnrlaU, Pa. .
A. Q. KRAMER
ATTOKNEY-AT-LAW,
Kl E.Ulo aad OolloolioB Afeal,
C.I-EAKtIELD, PA.,
Win prompllr slUBd to all Itfal buliaoai
tra.lod lo bif oaro.
BT-Omoo with J0I1B II. Fnlford, oppolllo Iba
Court Hou.o,
april l-aBi
jo.ai'l 1. M'aaALtr.
babibl w. H'cvanr.
MoENALLY & MoCUBDY,
ATTOIINEYS-AT-LAW,'
C'laarllald. Pa.
ba.inaaa allondod to prompllr wltb)
ddHily. offlro oa Boeood atroot, aboro tbo Vint
Aatioual VBOB.
Jb:1:74
G. R. BARRETT,
ATTORNKY AND CoUNMIR AT LAW,
C1.KARFIKLU, PA.
Ilarlog roiignod bia Judfaibip, haa roromod
Iba praolieo of Iba law la bia old oflloe at Claar
fl.ld. Pa. Will attaod tbe eourta of Janaraoa BBd
Kl k oouBliro whaa apooiallj lataioed 1b ooBBcrtioa
witb roaideut oouoaal. I:U:7I
wm7 m71iccu llough,
ATTORNEY AT LAW, .
Clearfleld, Pa.
T-Offioo la Court Houpo, (Hharifl"a Ofttoa).
L-ftal boaiooM pronplly altonded to, Roal aftala
boubl and aold.
A . W. W A LT E R 8,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
ClaarBcld, Pa.
aUfficc la Orabaai'a Row.
dacJ Ij
H. W. SMITH,
ATTORNEY-AT-LAW,
oiMM riaarfJaM. Pa.
WALTER BARRETT,
ATTORNEY AT LAW.
Clcarltld, Pa.
fjfOBu la Old Waatora Hotel bulldlaf,
eoraar of 8aeoad and Harkal St.. norll.M.
ISRAEL TEST,
ATTORNKY AT LAW,
' CloarSeld, Pa.
roalea la the Caort Hoaaa. Jwllar
"" J 6 HN H. F ULFOR D, ' .
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
t'learfleld, Pa.
aT OCoa ob Ualkot alreat, opp, Coart Uoooe,
J.B.I, 1874.
JOHN L. CUTTLE,
ATTORNEY AT LAW.
tad Kaal Batata Araat, ClaarHaU, Pa.
OAeo oa Third Ureal. b.l.Cherrj A Walnak
aar-Raapaotralljr offora bia aorrlooa Ib aalllaf
iBd ba;laf laada la Olaartold aad adjolalaf
loBBlloa 1 aad with aa oiparioaoaof oeor IwobIt
loare aa a aarvoyor, tattora biBaaalf tbal bo aaa
r.nder aatlafaotloa. I'aa. a:aa:u,
jTb L A K E W A LTE R8,
, REAL ESTATE BROKER,
4, aid DBibKa
Haw laogiv and Xainnbor,
CLEARFIELD, FA.
oa la llraban'a Kuw. 1:75:71
J.J.LI N G L E,
ATTORNKY-AT - LAW,
1:11 Oareola, CloarfleU Co, Pa. j pd
Tj. 8. B ARN HART,
, ATTORNKY AT LAW,
Bellcroalc. Pa.
Will prartlco la Clearer Id and all of Iba Coarta of
tno Z31B jaaioiai oieiriei. neat ..iiBn.
aad eallaalin of olaiau ada.apaolaltioa. al'71
DR. W. A. MEANS,
PHYSICIAN k BURGEON,
Ll'TllKR8IU Rn, FA.
Will attend profcrrioBaleallapromptle. aoglO'71
DR. T. J. BOYER,
PCY8ICIAN ANDS0R0K0N,
OSoa oa Market final, Cloerteld, Fa.
aW-UBea boarai 1 10 U a. at., and 1 to t p. .
,R. E. M. SCI1EUUER,
IIOMIROPATIIIC PHYSICIAN,
Offloe la rovideBoa OB Market at.
April J4, H7I. Clearleld, Pa,
J. H. KLINE, M. D.,
PHYSICIAN k SURGEON,
TT
r AYINO located at Peanteld, Fa., ofera bb
Brofeaeioaal aarvieaa to tbe penplo sf tbal
lilaoaead aurrouadin oaBBlry. Alioall. promptly
act. It If.
DR. J. P. BURCH FIELD,
Lata Bargooa of the 13d Reglmeat.FaaBayleaBia
VelaBleere, baeiag retaraod freaj Iba Army,
afera bia prefeaaloaal lerrleea to Ihealllieaa
r t'laaraeld aoaaty.
aaar-PrefeialoBal aalla aromatly aiuaded to
OSoa aa leaaad alreel, foraierlyMrapia4 by
Ur.Wooda. . e : taprd.'M tl
DR. H. B VAN VALZAH,
CLEAaflELIt, PEMN'A.
OFFICE IN MASONIC BUILDINO.
fir Oti.e houra From II lo I F. M.
M.yH, 17S.
DR. JEFFERSON LITZ,
WOODLAND, PA.
Will promptly eltaad aM aalla la the liBoof bia
girelaaaloB. aa
D. M. DOHEETT,
FAtSHIONAULE WiRBIR k HAIR DRKMER.
CLEARFIELD, I'A.
Sbop Beit Boot te Waaref A Belli' at ore, ,
Seeoad atreat.
julyM,71y
UARRY 8NYDKR, "T"
I Formerly witb Lea Scholar.)
BARKER AND RAIRDRgSPKR,
aVwaaa Marloat . a,o.lta Court lloaet.
A eaaaa lewal ear Of or eaitomer. may IK, '75.
0. W. WtAVEBiCO., "
J)RU(iGI8T3 k APOTIIECARIES,
OURUKbVILLK. FA. J
tDealeta at aat kHa ef Dranya, ll.diilam, lea
4J Uaada and (Iragglata' Raadriea.
. Owrwaaeeirle. tlarea II, IMA.
flE0B0E M. TEBmmT
wiin
WaT. LirrncotT co,
wMk IB
a .(, b . .
AAT8 ft CAP9, BOOTS 8UOK8,
l it 3I Ifartal hf, FlW4ehla. tl rf
(11. V, A ft F I K 3 i I) mm RE PUB
" " ' r r r 1 I Tit "
; GEO. B. G00DLABDEB, Troprtetor. V. '",
VOL 50-WHOLE NO.:
Cards.
JOHN D.THOMPSON,
Ja.tloa or iba Paaoo and Scrivener, '
' Carwaaarllla, Pa.
kaa-ColUKtloaa nada and Bioooo promptly
aaliTeor. L f'7llf
aao. AiaaBT aaaar ahbt..,.......w. Atiaat
W. ALBERT BROS.,
U.BMraatarara A aitenllva DaalaralB .
Sawed Lumber, Square Timber, to.,
WOODLAND, FENM'A.
r-Ordire aollaltad. Bill. lUed on abort notice
BBQ roaaooaoie t.riu
Addr.Pl Waodlaa P. 0., Clearleld Co., Pa.
atj.l, W ALBEHT A BKUB.
FRANCIS COUTRIET,
MERCHANT,
rrnehTlll. CloBrlloU County, Pa.
Kwpi naiuntl; OB b.nd full Biovrliuoiil of
bibbII; bepl IB B nta.il ttoro, wblcb will bo told,
for earn, ar oboap ai oi.rwnero in wt wwm.
rraBebrllla, jubo it, 100,-17.
THOMAS H. FORCEE,
DBALBB IB
GENERAL MERCHANDISE,
fiHAHAMTON, Pa.
Alio, exteortro noBufactBror and dealer In Square
Timber aad bawed Lumueroi an ainuv.
M-Ordora eollclted aad all billa promptly
llled. I'J'!".
REUBEN HACKMAN,
House and Sign Painter and Paper
Hanger,
ClearHrld, Pemi'a.
Vo. Will aieoulojobi la hi. line promptly nod
In a workaianlike manner. Brrt,7
G. H. HALL,
PRACTICAL PUMP MAKER,
NEAR CLEARFIELD, FENN'A.
sarPumai alway. on hand and made lo order
on abort aotiea. Pipe, bored on rea.onalile terma.
All work warranted lo render eatiaTarlloB, and
dellrerwl If dealred. Biyiiiiypd
E. A. BIGLER 4, CO.,
OBI LIB! fit
SQUARE TIMBER,
aad naaufaoturara of
ALL KINDH OP RAWED I.l'MIU.R,
l-t'71 CLEARFIELD, FENN'A.
JAS. B. GRAHAM,
dealer la
Real Estate, Square Timber, Boards,
SHINULES, LATH, A FICKKT8,
:1'7.1 Clearleld, Fa,
JAMES MITCHELL,
PKALBB IB
Square Timber & Timber Liuidri,
Joins CLEARFIELD, PA.
H. F. N AUGLE,
HATCH MAKER & JEWELER,
and dealer la
Watches, ClockR, Jewelry, Silver
and Plated Ware, &c,
J.10-7J CLEARFIELD, PA.,
8. I. SN Y D E R,
PRACTICAL WATCHMAKER
ABB DBALBB IX
Watches, Clocks and Jewelry,
vTraaaa', J?oia, JfnrAe, Strtt,
' CLEARFIELD, PA.
Alt blade of repalrlna In my line promptly at
adedto. ' April M, 1S74.
. . HEMOVAL. , .....
REIZENSTEIN & BERLINER, .
wboleil tlftleri In
GEXTS' FlRISlII(i GOODS,
Hava removed la 1ST Charob itreet, betweos
Fraaklla and While au., New York. jy3I'7 I
JAMES H. LYTLE,
lu Kratier'a BulldluR, Cltarttald, Pa.
Dealer la Oroeeflaa, Provlaloer, Vefelnblee,
Fralta, Flour, Feed, oto., etc.
aprU'll-tf
JAMKS E. WATSON k CO.,
REAL KHTATF. DK0KKK8,
CLEARFIELD, FENN'A.
llouaoa aad Omeea to let, Collrrtion. promptly
made, and arit-olaaa voal ana rire-uiey Leoai
end Trtwa property for aa lo. Office Ib We.lern
Hotal BuildiBf (14 ioar), deoaad 81. (myls 74y
Idlvery Nlablo.
11H 8 Bilriliad bmt to (nfnrni the pvli
JL lie that fa 11 bow fully lrfir to rpoinino
4U ftll in the way of finiinhin g; H..i, Hntnitr,
HaddlaM avod HaVrnMl, en the ahorteit uotlet and
n ntMontiletertDf. Ktiitlonce on idocmtitretl,
Mm Third to4 Foarth.
UKO. W. flKAHIIAHT.
OIrldd, Feb. 4, 1874.
I
IMF.! LIMK1
TbtBndrlffBYl U now prri.ftrrd lo fumWli
tbe publto witft h txciitnc qukiuy oi (
Bellefonte Wood-Burned Lime,
for pttitwlnf Tarioet by the lr or
quBDtity. CB b found for the prcRcnt t I'ie'i
Dew buildiOf, on iUBrkrt ft reel.
-.a a i.v u-nt'i ntTfl II ;
MITCHELL WAGONS.
Tbe Beat is the Cheapest I
Thorn Beilly htvi rrfletoed tncther lsre lot of
MllcbeU WeffoBi. ' wbieh ere omonf l he very
host aiBBafBetariMi, avii whioh bo will sell at the
aioit reMonfthle ratea. 11 li stock .Drludti atutnit
all deeeriptioBi of wofont largpand niell. wide
wbq aarrtiw iraes. tan am uien.
apra'74 T1IOUA8 HE ILLY.
JOHN A. STAIHaKIt,
BAKER, Marktt St., Clnrflrl.!, Pi.
Freh Breid. Rtttk, Holli, Pier irrl Cake
OB hand or made to ortler. A general aanrtrtiiieial
or tonfectienartei. tiulie aad id riock.
Ice Cream and Oypteri In eeeioB. Pelooa Burly
opBofltta (be roiiomcB. rrtcrt tnodrrai.
Mareh 10-'Tt.
A. H. MITTON. .
ManBfaotnrer and dealer In
Harness, Saddles and lirldks.
Celtare, Whlpi, Bniihet, Ply tfeli, Trimming.
Dorea BlanheU. Ae.
Vteou, Kratth Mitlrr' and NrsUrwl OiU,
Agent for Bailey and Wikon'i Doggie.
Order and repairing promptly attended to,
8 bop oa Market ilreet, Clearleld, Pa., In room
formerly oeoopied by Jaa. Aleiamltr. 4:I4'7 !
M
AIZE SCHWARTZ,
(laU .. Una. A Co.,)
MILITARY UNIFORMS
' AND
EQUIPMENTS, !
NO. I UN) MARKET THKI:T,PIIII A.
Bead., ComaaBlee, Aa., faralrard. ffamilf.
jtofeof rapba aa( ee!f.naararia 4lreetloBa eon I
MSRC1UNI TAILORS A CI.0I1IUR8,
. ; 11(1 MARKET 8TI1EIT,
yaly 14. 1-ly - rail.
U
NDE11T A KIN (..
The undent ged ara aow fall ktpar4 w
arry aa lht buiine of
, ( , , AT ftEimABiJi RATES. r I
Aad fiapatalaag aadieiV tho plr t
aoa-Mag afjek arrlaaa.
4AttIBL.MUV?V
ChmMi, Pi., Few. 10, 1074. ) .,
ttt
i. o: -..f it- t i .; . iuti
1
2453.,
lit. ,t
I
"JCIUtOPNAZAmHlAUCTHtV.N 1
y i Aa if e JM MH.,atv.V ", ...
Ubt ueaoe ihli eaxer, anil qui tkroog, ,
Paoaing oar btiay alreaU aii'Dg-- ,
Tbeee tadruiM gathtrlBg day by dy r i
Vk hui tu4ibe tbta itiango sominalup, pray !
YotoMiia BPoe-iU ltuahodi reply, ...aa.,,,,
mJmui o(are.B naMelh by , . ,
E'en cbilJrei. feel tlit poleut tptlli : ,'
And liatta their Mw-fonnd )oy to tell ' ...
In oruwili they to the plaoa repair , , ,
Where Chrlitiaiii daily bow lo praytrj
lloeannaa mingle with the ery,
'Jeiiu o( Kaiaretb peeeeib by I
Wholithii JeiuiF Why ibvld lie .
The etty move w mightily f ' 11
A paHing etraBger, haa Ho aktll
Tu karm the multitude at will l .., , ,
Again I lie itlrrlog tone! reply,
" Jn of Katareth paiHth by !"
i
Jreai t 'tli He who once below
Man'i pathway trod, 'tuld pain nil wof
( And biinieoed hea.rU, where'er Ho oa.ua.
brought ont their ilek, and tlaaf, and laliia f
Blind men rejoiced to hear the ery.
Jttue of Nataretb paaeath by ! "
A gala he amnea from plaoa to plaoa .
Hit holy footiieps we ean traoe i
He pauiei at onr threihold ny,
He enter, oondeirendi tayl
Kbill wo not gladly raiea tbe ery,
" Jeiui of .a.aretb paiicth by f
Ho 1 all ya heavy ladea, oome 1
Herc'a pardon, comlort, reit, a liouio j
Loft wanderere froia a Father'! faes,
Return, accept Hie proffered graoo I
Ye teuiptod, there' a refuge nigh,
" Jtiui of Natarelh paaaelb by !"
Hat if you still thla eall refuw,
And dare uoh wondroua loraabuae,
HuoB will lie eadly from yon lam,
Your bitter prayer in justice purn (
" Too lata 1 too late ! " will be the cry,
" Jui of Maurath " haa paied by !
HOLD THE FORT.
, AH Bl'lia ir UK, lAKKKY.
llo ! my eomradtw, tea tbe aignal
Waving In the iky I
Reinforcement! now appearing.
Victory ii nigh 1
' "Hold the fort, for I at
Jeiui aignali illlla ;
Ware the atfiwar back to hfaren,
By thy graoo ws will."
See the mighty boat advancing,
Satan leading on j
Mighty men around ui falling.
Courage almoit gona.
CUonoa.
"livid the fort," le.
Bee (he glorioua banner waving !
Hear the bugle blow I
In our Leader' nam we'll triumph
Over every fue.
CUORIH.
"Hold the fori," Ac.
Fierce and long tbe baltU ragoa,
But our help in near j
Onward cornea our Uraat Com minder,
Cheer, my eoioradei, ohear J
cnoBia,
"Hold the fort" Ac
STATE FISAyCES.
ANNUAL RlaltrnT OP THE ALU I To (JIN
The fullowiiitf is a snminnryof tho
ivuvij'lo u. niuiu j icunui y Jiuiii
December 1, 1874, to November 30.
1H75, incluHivo :
Landi a...,
$14,041 ti
i,m :n
lfl,K
Auction eommiaiiuni.,.,..
Notary nubile commiuioBi ....
Tax oa baok Block....
Tax an eorporalioBatacka.
Tax oa car too al property.
........ ,uiv:
M yA,S39 76
tax oa loani. .m
Tax oa not earning! or taooao....,
Tax oa grou reoeipta
Tax on fog , ,
Tax on tonnage
Tax on eoal oaanpaajiea..,t..b....H.M
Coinmutatioa of tonnage iax...Mt
Tax ob writ i, will, deed, etc. ,,...
AS.OM 3S
134,114 ir
l,i3 iU
51, 611 4T
U1,7tt 47
nw,uttO It
nt,m u
u,m si
443.7H 91
4U,7(& 97
423,ul 01
t,i2i 00
lax ca certain orfloei ,
Collateral iaheHiaaoe tai...rt ,
Tavern lioeniitm
K a tailer a lioanea MtM
T hratref, eircuee. ate., licennea
Billiard room, bowling aaloon, II
eanaei ,
m 13,717 44
Eating bouae, beer bouea, and re-
taurant lioenm.
' 4M0
I'eddler'a llaonma
Broker ' liooniN.....H....Ma..H
Patrnt medicine liceoaei..H..M
DiRtillcry and brewery heeuiea
Miller 'a licenaee
Poreiga ioiaraaoeoinpaBiea...M.... '
Bobuj on cbartefM,.aaa..M M...t
Pamphlet law a
En heat f
3.VI9 17
10.H71 M
, SIS 8 0
7tS7 60
1,1X9 41
1&A,44M) IS
40,04 04
V5S 4.'.
1,52 8 17
lU,tHta 00
J,0h6 45
34 00
33,54 H 9ft
1,011 (ttt
175,000 00
Annuity for right af !)..., m
neluodea caeo H.,M....(...,MW
Fine and peneliiea ,., (..e.M-
Feea of the politic office
Male of public property.,.,
Ailegbouy Valley li, 11. Co.. iotomt
on bond , ,
Altrgheny Valley E. R. Co., bond
todaeuied ...
Pennaylvania archivea........
100,000 00
170 9
J,H5 81
lfi,.H0S 07
100 00
United Bialea Jorernmenl
Actum1 IntereM
Care of aooacltBot
Total reoeipta H H...tK,fl99 0
In Tfcaanry, Nor.rttf, 1874,Uft.,M l,04t,41 66
Orand total .'...7,584,00 0J
Tlio fullowinff is a nummary of tho
piiymentH made at tho Htato Troiwury
imm December 1, 187 ir to November
30, 1H75, iiiclnwive: '
hspenrea of tbe Uoremment 1, 193,071 9H
ConitilaUoBBi Canventiew......M,..M 36,V46 tl
Sufeuebaona Depot riutt J.UWJ 80
Miiuiaexpetue . iai,V4i 44
Military eapenaea.act April IS, IWJ, 3,079 07
Mi1ttaryxpnaa,Bet April II, INW. 411 Si
1'enilona aad grataHiai...,a....,.; X9t0ftl 04
Charitable Initilutiuna 4h3,4'q 10
Cmtennlnl etpoiition .1H&,1(' 51
Soldior' orphan achool ..Mi..ei 40fl, oil 10
Common totaool 7&4t707 33
Comuiuionera of tbe linking fund
(loan redfeiaed, l,3('.J14,J7 til ' '
other payment, K,1U7 10) 1,S70,0u4 70
Intareeton loan a . l,4t2,201 48
Damage and old claiuii
00
4H3 00
J.'iNl X4
1.010 M
33.0:il 63
7,4(10 Oil
1,84ft 00
740 00
99,4 tf 04
1.S0O0 00
6.1, 7 SS
3,0 lr eo
47,000 00
MMl 00
3,01(4 00
13,047 10
, 3,IM 00
J.IHt 08
1631 15
1,137 35
7,789 IS
Mi 00
!, to
Wwlianioi' high n-hool of Penn'a...
Ilerbor maeter, Pbilailelphia ...
Perl warden, Philadelphia ..,-
Itipectora ol voal minei
But library
County Hurfryora
Amendment to tho entitaiioB,... .
Public building! and ground........
lluuie of reluge .
Peai leu tlarfea
Board of l'irdon ...,,
Ueolagical aorvey .
Board of Public Charltiea
Pa. Staia Agrteallnral Hocttty - '
AdvartlaiBg lor propoaal.........'
lC'CaltOl ,.. aa.aa
Mercantile appraiaer...H
Aaieeior of bank elur-k . i.'
PubllHbuig new eM.aU4uttoa.M.M
H(aiionry, fuel. tU.M.,..lmH.
I'nioiil lee and commt'ilon. ....... (
Revenwo commiM loner -a
rtpmial oBiBteeioaa..A..,M...i,."
V teuiia eijMmui'nia.nM. ....
MiieeUaneou.... , .
11,001 70
0,004 00
139 00
Total paweBU..H. M,MI,441 40
la Itliwi, av, u. lfk 001,307 17
Uiaud twal....;!T.,.T:. $7,5.14,050 07
The I'o.low.jig la a general summary
fif tlm r.M'pititM ntul tioi'mimln (liiritwr
111U UHLUI JVUI VJ lll'TlllllBi
e.,i... ' nw,,..
Ueeember, 1174.....) ,71,4:14 III
Jaaaary, n;.., ,l.4,a;l OA
' aTraeerf'rr..
I 401,771 41
III.IAI 14
Vnbruarr.
Oil, in :
., 410,7.11 II
4IW.,7I b
l7i,W4 II
.... , .111,41.0 ,1
.... KeV.JIi 17
.... fl,VV It
. JJJ.IIH l
. Jra.tna oa
... 141,(114 II
177.AH4 II
M.rcli,
April,
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July,
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Uetobor,
Koreaaber,
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171,141 41
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jetr JWIU, llBr)ITUi "i ... '
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' CLEARFIELD, PA., WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 12, 1876.
. CKXTEM'UL SKETCHES.
, ; ' ' Ol NATIONAL I'LAU.
Tho vettf 1776 not only linloned to
Lbs DuclaratloD of Inilopcndcnoo, n-
iionnolnit the birth of nation, but it
also witnomod the Unit uniouiing oi
tho flag which ha bocome the lynibol
of niighty powor, the pride of niony
million ouli, And which will tlont
long M tho prlnciiilof ot Hint lloclnm
tion dwoll in tbe berta of mon. There
must be Mime eturdy Cnhtin dono bo
lore such bold wonli ere apoken, And
men emnnot fltrlat without fluir, And
o "old irlorv" was born on the 2d of
Jnnnary, 1776, Just ono hundred yean
Ago.
The idoA of "uuion fliift," ui it wa
cnllod, bad knrr been fumili.r to tbe
American eolouiatit. Th. Ubrb In ww
throughout tho province bolero tho
revoiuiion worv viuen uiuau ,,i i,ii(
lund, and, though thuro wora tunny
otbor (loviccs., they were nearly always
coupled with somo featuro of tho Brit
iHh colors. Tbe old KnglUh ling hud
boon the rod cross of S;..4jeorgo on a
white field, but in 1000 King J nines 1.
combined with it tho white cross of St.
Andrew on A blue Held, because Kng
land and Scotland had then become
united in ono kingdom. In 1707 the
color of this flag was changed to crim
son, And the crosses, which bad before
tilled the wholo banner, wcro now con
fined to tho upper corner. This was
tho famous "nietoor flag" of Kngland,
which took its present form in 1801
whon tho cross of St. Patrick was
atlded to tho otbor two. Tho cross
of St, (jonrgo was tho banner which
led tbo Kuglish adventurers to their
first conquest in America, aud doubt
less waved over tho Puritans when,
on that bleak December day, they
knell on tho "slorn and rock-bound
count" at Plymouth. Itreininded them
of the old country which they still
loved, and of tbo many dearones whom
they had loft behind.
liut tbo detestation of "poticry" was
so strong and iiiiconquemklo among
tho Puritans that they abhorred ev
erything which reminded them of it,
and ntuny wcro found who disliked tho
cross in tho banner becauso it had liecn
given to Kngland by A pope. This
feeling gruduully increased till, ill 1G34
.Mr. KntTicott tore out purl of tho cross
from tbo Aug then Hying at Snlcm.
This was thought by some to mean
treason, but ut the trial it uppeared
that Kndicott it us moved only by A
belief that it wits idolatrous to let tho
cross remain. Two months later the
ministers of Ipswich met in lioston to
soe if it was right to keep tho cross in
tho banner. Tlioy failed tongrcc, ami
tho subject wasrelcrrcd to tho general
court. Monnwhilo tho military officers
onlorcd all designs to belaid aside. In
December, 1635, it was ordered that
all tho colors should have the king's
arms instead of tho crosses, and this
new flag was raised over tho fort in
lioston harbor. Hut this unsettled
stato of affairs had raado much trouble
in the fort. While tho colony was
without colors, tho castlo looked like
A deserted fortress, and, after tho now
ensign wns adopted, English sailors
complained that the people wore trai
tors and rebels not flying tho king's
colors. 8o, being fearful of displeasing
the English government, tho colonists
allowed -tho regular standard to float
over tbe castlo, but nowhere clue in
the province. lntch visitors to lios
ton as lato as 1680 noticed that tho
flags contained no crosses, whilo the
pine-trco was a favorito ilovico. Tho
red cross of St. (ieorge, however, grad
ually worked its way back Into favor
until, in 1770, tho union flng, created
by James I., in 1600, was ordered by
parliament for general use in all tbe
colouios.
The high banded dealings with tbo
flag tell us how early tho American
colonists begun to show that spirit of
independence which finally matte them
a separato nation. As tho exciting
times drew near, th. arrowing spirit
was again manifested in the same way.
Tho ten years preceding tbe outbreak
of tho devolution saw an abundant
variety of doviccs and mottoes on tho
flags, all speaking of the feelings which
wore moving tho popular heart. They
formed bands called Sons of Liberty ;
and liberty poles were eroded through
out tho colonics. Many of tho flags
showed the old loyalty whilo demand
ing their rights, and bore such mottoes
as "To His Most Gracious Majosty
(Jooriro III., Air. Pitt and I.iborty,"
"George Kelt and the Liberties of
America." Others, however, were bold
er, bearing only "Liborty," or "Liber
ty and Prosperity," or "Liberty and
union." in J miliary, uo,tno sieos
that brought wood to Boston carried
small Union flags ; every where a vnguo
desire for lilwrty filled men's heivrts,
ana sorc irom mo nuas ot tncir
banners.
During tho first months of the war
each state had its own flag. Tho ban
ner of Connecticut contained tho arms
of tho state anil tho motto, in golden
letters, (fuitranrtulit twitinrt God, who
transported us hither, will support us.
Tho motto of tho State of Manna
chiinetts was "An Appeal to Heaven."
Iter nag was white, bearing the motto
and A groon pine tree. South Carolina
had an ensign of blue with a whilo
crescent, mailo by Colonel Monltriu.
It was the flagwliich,throoyearH later,
called forth the heroism of Sergeant
Jasper. During tho bomlianlmuiit ol
Kort Sullivan by tho British fleet, un
der Sir Poter Parkor, tho crescent flag
was shot away, and fell outside tho
fort. Sergeant Janpor snranit ovor the
parapet, walked the whole length of
tho tort in the midst ol a tornlilo storm
of shot and shell, racovored tho flag
and, In sight of the whole fleet, planted
it again on the ramparts. At the bat
tle of Lexington tbe Americans prob
ably curried no flag, and it is doubtful
if they bad any at Bunker Hill. Some
poetry Ot that time speaks of tho
"waving stroaiuors, and it is also said
that our troops carried a red ling bear
ing tho wonli "tjomo it you dure.
But the accounts ol tho battle, puli
lisbod at the time do not mention any
American flag, and tho old pictures ot
the conflict do not show any.
In the fall of 17 TS Congress appoint
ed A committee to create a navy, but
nothing teems to havo been dono alitiut
furnishing the now-made navy with a
suitable ensign. 1 ho captains accord
ingly followed their own dovicos, sail
ini;, tirobablv, under their Slate flairs.
Ono LavoriU device was a rattlesnake
lifting it head And shaking its rattles,
with tho motto, "Don't tread on me I"
Some flags added A mailed hand clinch
ing thirteen arrows. The rattlesnako
came very near being our national em
blem Instead of tbe esglo. It had often
before been used on flags, and its aii
ponronco ol this time on tho ensign of
the cotnmanucr-in-chici oi our navy
caused much discussion of Its claims.
One writer, thought by tome to be Ben
jamln Franklin, gavt woighty reasons
for adopting the rattlesnake. It is
foubd only to America ; was considered
bt th Anclwtt Ai an emblem of wis.
PRINCIPLES, NOT MEN.
dom ; its eye is exceeding bright and
without eyelltis, so it sigiiuius vigiluneo ;
it hover boiMiis an attack, nor surren
ders when assailed ; its deadly weapons
are concealed in her mouth, so that it
mrpcar) defenceless; nntl its wounds,
though small, aro fatal ; whilo it never
attacks without first giving warning.
In addition to all this, its rattles are
distinct from each otbor, yet so firmly
united that they Cannot be separated,
while they Increase in number. But
tbo fact that the rattlesnako is a ser
pent, and under tho curse of God, pro
bably caused Its rejection.
Lato in 1775 Benjamin Franklin and
t wo other gcntlomen, appointed to cro
ato a national flng, met at the camp In
Cambridge, and adopted tho king's
colors (the Crowes ol St. George and
St. Andrew), ar'V.rn-nniled with them
. JlllU.Un f, U, '-"At. ...v.
thirtlcA etriuit, niTChiato red and wblte-,'M,
showing that, although tho colonies
united lordeleneo ugiiust f.nglanils
tyranny, they still Acknowledged her
sovereignty. It is impossible to say
why Congress so long tfcliyod this im
portant matter of choosing a flag. No
record can be found of Congress having
taken any part in this mini r at Cam
bridge, nor is it known when tho new
Aug was adopted bit Idr.
It wus natural in the colonists to
want to retain tho king' colors us long
us possiblo, but tho origin of tho fn)s
is hard to explain. V her, W aslungton
lelt Philadelphia to tuko command of
the army at Cambridge, be was es
corted to New York by tbo Philadel-Kon
phia Light llorso. This company car
ried A magnificent banner, ono feature
ofwhichwasaraiifunof'thirtiien stripes,
blua and silvor. llns may havo sug
gested to Washington tho itripes for
tho now nag ; or ho may htve taken
them from his own coat-ol-arms, which
is not likely ; or, as somo think, ho may
havo copied tho Kast India company's
flair, which is still less probable. Still
others supposo thoy wore copiol from
tho flag of tho Netherlands. Howev
er it may bo, this "grand union flag"
was fumed on tho camp at 1 ami.nago,
on tho 2d of January, 1770. The king's
speech on tho trouble with thoeulumes
hnil just been sent to tno camp, so mo
British in Boston thought tho new flag
wns raised as a token of submission.
Nothing however wns further from
tho truth. Tho king's speech wns in
dignantly burned, and thousands of
sturdy hearts beat violently to a new
patriotism, as tho wind lifted tho folds
of tho new banner, which a few hours
bad mailo so full or meaning to thorn.
Tho striped flag also floated over tho
Virginia convention which, threo weeks
before tho Declaration, declared the
united colonies "free and independent
slates."
Meanwhile, tho cruisers at sea wero
still carrying thoircolonial orstate flags.
John Paul Jones claims that he hoisted
tho flair of America" bv his own hand
on board tho Alfred, this being tho first
timo it was ever displayed by a regu
lar ninn-iif-war. Probably this "flag
of America" was tbo new striped flag,
though Cooper thinks it wns a pine
tree flug, witii tho rattlesnako and tho
motto. Old John Adams oftorwurds
disputed the story of Paul Jones, aud
claimed the honor for a -Massachusetts
man. It is probable, however, that
tho glory belongs to Jones. Tho ad
minus flag at this time was of thirteen
stripes, with a rattlesnake undulating
over thorn, anil tho usual motto, "Don't
trend on mo I" Commotloro Barney,
of tho Hornet, hoisted tho first Conti
nental flag ever soon in Jlarylnnd. Jlo
was in need of a crew for his vessel
and just at that time tho new striped
flag arrived from Philadelphia. Tho
commodore, at sunriso next morning,
hoisted it to the musio of driiuis and
tiles in tront of his recruiting ollUv, and
ticforo night his crew were shipped.
The first naval victory under tbo stripes
was ono by Captain Jlarney, In the
Lexington, who, on the 17th ol April,
1770, captured a British vessel, after a
severe fight, off tho Virginia shores.
In tho autumn of iO the armed brig
Jteprisa), carrying franklin to the
rrencli couit, hrst displayed the l tm-
tinontnl colors to tho curious eyes of
tho European world; while in July of
the samo year tho brig Andrea Doris
had been tho first totlniwasalulo from
a foreign power for tho new flag. Tho
Dutch governor in tho harbor ol at.
Kiistulia relumed tho Doris's salute,
and was romoved from oflico for his in
discrotioii. It is said that tiller ti c
capture of New York by tho British,
nn American privateer was taken whose
nag nan oniy tweivo stripes, uecause
wo had lost a province
hen tho Declaration ol Independ
ence was proclaimed from tho state
house at Philadolphia, tho king's arms
woro taken down and burned. So the
Inst semblance of A llegiancc to. Kngland
was destroyed, nntl of course the king's
colors could not iong remain on the
American flag, r.nsignsol various de
vices aro described as ill use during tho
land battles of this period, whilo the
grand union nag was tbo olltcial
bunncr.
On tho 14th of June, 1777, Congress
votetl that tho American Hag should be
"thirteen stripes, alternate red and
while, that tho union be thirteen stum,
white, in a bltio field, representing a
new constellation." Hero, at last, wo
have our slurs and stripes; hut this, as
wo shall seo, was only tho rfiri,tl adop
tion ot a flag that hud already been in
use for nearly a year. Tho origin of
tho "tarn in our banner is us obscure
as that of tho stripe. Some think
they wero taken, as was said of tho
stripes, from Washington's cont-of-arms
which, curious enough, contains both
stnrs and stripes. But, it this were so,
Washington would probably have re
ferred to it in siiino way, which ho
scorns never to havo done. Others
think It wos Intended to represent the
constellation "Lyra," which contains
just thirteen stars, and. is tho symbol
of harmony ami unity. J his, howev
er, cannot be, as Congress expressly
says, "representing a constellation."
Doubtless tho stars were chosen be
causo they were of all devices tbe most
appropriate to express tho truth and
diameter of tho new republic. The
stars on our banner arc live-pointed,
while thosoonourcnius have six points.
This is becnuse tho designers of our
flag followed the Krcnch. the designers
of tho coins the English custom.
'It has never been discovered who
desiirneil our union of stars. They
seem to have arisen as irrystorinusly out
ollholwihghl as tin tho slurs ol eveni"g.
It is claimed that Mrs. Boss was the
partial designer and flint maker of tho
start and slrics. This lady was an
upholsterer in Pbilailelphia, and, in
June, 1770, a committee oi l ongrcss,
with General Vt aslungton, called on
her. and rntraued her to mnko a flag,
IVoin a rough drawing which they had
brought witb them. Mrs. Boss sug
gested anmo changes in the design, es
pecially that tho stars should lie five
pointed Instead of six-pointed ; and Gen
oral Washington blinsclt drew the new
sketch In her back parlor. Mrs. Boss
was appointed flng maker to the gov
ernment, and was anoccedrd by a re.
utive, who held the position until with
in thirty yours.
In connection with tho colors of our
flag, it is interesting to learn that the
little rnbo in which Washington was
baptir.cd now in possession of lira.
Lowis,of Woodluwn, Virgiuia is made
of while silk, lined with crimson silk,
and trimmed with blue ribbons.
Tho newly-invented banner did not
at onto come into universal uso, as wo
find Captain liichard, as lute as the
middle of October 1770, asking tho
1'cnnnylvaiiia Council what colors wero
to bo used by tho fleet. Tho picturo
of "Washington on thcflcld of Trenton,"
painted by 1'cule, who commanded a
company in that battle, contains tbo
stursand stripes which is good ground
for believing they wero used there.
(1.. Il.nfin,. T.l.,...,.l..,.n,t,. lulv
. ....,,w.....i.U
1777 4hta ring wi display ed at the
celebration iu Philadelphia, aud from
that timo onward seems to have w aved
in nearly all tho battles by sea and bind.
In February, 1778, John Paul Jones, in
tho Hunger, convoyed some American
vessels into tuihoron bay, and induced
tho French admiral to sulutooiu' colors
thus being the first to win honor
from a foreign power. Jones showed
the stnrs anil stripes from tho first ship
of tho lino built for tho now United
States the A merien, launched at Ports
mouth, New Hampshire, on Novonibcr
o, 1782. Tho first military glory to
gather around tbo new ensign wits at
tbo British attack on Fort Schuyler,
August 2, 1777. When tbo enemy
uppeared, tho garrison had no colors,
but tho soldiers at once toro up thoir
shirts for tho stripes and stars, whilo
tbo blue ground was made from a clonk
taken from tho enemy at Pcekskill.
Under thoir roughly niiitlo ensign tho
littlo garrison won thoir victory. Ono
day a sujly was mado from tho fort,
when Jive lings wcro captured fiom tho
British and at once hoisted on tho fort's
stall', under the victorious home-made
colors. Washington's army carried tho
stars and stripes when, in 1777, ho ro
pulscd Cornwullis on tbo bunks of tho
Assunpink ; they waved amid tho rem
and smoke of Brandywino, and the
following battles of tho war; looked
down upon Burgoyne's surrender at
Saratoga, and that of Cornwallis at
Yorktnwn ; and floated throughout that
torriblo wintor at Valley Forgo, speak
ing ol hope and courage to tho suffering
soldiers.
lu January, 1781, a daring and bril
liant action by Captain Ituthburno, of
the war sloop 1'rovideneo, placed our
flag for tho hint time on a loreign for
tress. This sloop, with a crew of only
filly men, captured Fort Nassau, in tho
island of Now Providence, spiked the
gtias, soiled tho vessels in tho harbor,
and put to sea again all in two days.
Tho 25th of November, 1783, is a fa
mous duto in tho story of our flug. On
that tlay tho British evacuated New
York, and tbo vory flag raised by our
army over tho newly won city was
preserved ill tho .Tmerlcnn museum at
New Y'ork until the building was de
stroyed by fire. - f'- '
Atlcr tno long war bad closed, and
American independence was secured,
the stnrs and stripes were soon found
waving in every breer.o under heaven,
aud floating on nil tho waters of the
globe. They wero flying in the Thames
in tho very Ihccsof tho astonished Eng
lish, tjvcu before tho treaty of peace
huil been signed. The honor of thus
early displaying our national flag ht
tho gates of English royalty In claimed
for fivo dillorent vessels, nnd it is per
haps impossible to settle tho dispute
now. It is enough fur us that our H'Hj
iniitlirrr. ,
Even before, these vessel arrived,
the Americun colors were shown in
London city, and in so remarkable A
manner that tho story is well worth
romumhering. It is related in "Tbo
Lite of Elkanah Watson, "a distinguish
es! Americnn, that, being in 1ondun
near tho close of tho war, he devoted
ono hundred guineas, won in a wager,
to getting a portrait of himself painted
by Copley. Tho painting was all done
except tho back ground, which was to
be tilled in as soon as peaco should be
declared w ilh'u ship bearing to Amer
ica tho joyful news, the rising sun pour
ing light upon tho stnrs and stripes
living fVom her guff. Everything at
last was finished but tho flug, which
tho artist was unwilling to paint, as
tho royal family often came to his
studio. On tho 5th of December, 1782,
tho king mado hi. speech recognizing
the I'nitod Stales as a nation ; Copley
immediately ar,J before dining, went
to his studio, and with rapid touches
spread tho colors Uon the canvas. As
soon as tho king's words wore spoken,
tho American ensign wns thus receiv
ing hoiungo trniler the very eaves of
his palace. '
When theaters and stripes first sailed
into tho Chineso port at canton the in
habitants woro greatly excited. They
said a ship had emtio from the farthest
part ol tho world, with a flag as beau
tiful ns a flower a compliment to our
ling in which all Americans can join.
The Celestials called the vessel Iaw-kco-chenm
tbe flower flag ship. This
nnmo at onco became popular, nntl
America is now caliod haw-tee koh
tho flower flag country. Wo nro told
that, in Chinese, Yunkoo (Yongker)
metins flug of thooecun ; nnd Washing
ton ( Wo-thin-tunr') signifies rescue nnd
clory nt Inst. This is vory singular
and pleasing. Tho ship Franklin, of
Sulem, w hoso log hook is preserved in
tho Essex Institute, in that city, was
the flint to show f he national flag in
Japanese waters, July, 17H0. In 1770
Oil tho ship Columbia cornet! our nag
around tho world, nnd guvo her nnmo
to that innjestie river on tho 1 ncitlc
const, discovered by her master, Cnpt.
(fray, in 17112. During tho years 171)2
-01, Vermont nnd Kentucky joined
the L men; and in lUlongrcsa changed
our flagtofiftecnstnrsaiiiilileen stripes
to tnko effect tho following May. This
net wui passed alter long discussion,
many members thinking the flng should
always remain ns it wus. This tutored
ensign was tho one borne by the noble
"Old Ironsides," nnd by all our vessels
during the second war with England.
During tho sitting of the French
Convention lit Paris, on tbo 1Mb of
August, 1704, tho minister plenipoten
tiary fiiim tho I'nitod States was led
into tho hall and received tho fnilernal
kiss and embrace, amid great enthusi
asm ; nnd on the Ziith ol (September
the new American banner w as present
ed to tho Assembly by Captain Barney,
in behalf of the l ulled Stale.. This
standard was bung in tho legislative
hall, nnd afterward borno in the pro
cession nt tho great funeral of ltnus
scuu, when high honor, were shown Ui
the Americana m PifltT'Tlte fifteen
stars and tbe fifteen stripes won our
victories on me nines, ui, inr wnciinw,
nt Tripoli, nnd floated frem tbe Raox
tliirinrj her famous fight in the hnrbnr
of Valparaiso. In 1707 bur ensign was
displayed in (he burning city ol Hmyr,
na in the Orient; and in 1 HOD tho
American frigalo George Washington
waked t'onstantinople with A thunder-
f t.. i - . . i. - i.i . 1. n
j tog "HUjilf, I,, t ,,-w llir ',,.-,,, "1 , ,v
LIGAN.
NEW
new nation. When the turks wero t.ld
that tho frigato dime from tho country
discovered by Columbus, they sent on
board a bunch of flowers and a lump
the one meaning wcleomo ami the
other friendship.
In 1814 Congress voted to make a
collection of tho flags which had beou
captured by our armies and fleets, and
they aro now preserved in tho flug
room at Washington, and in tho gun
nery room nt Annapolis; but tho col
lection is very incomplete, as for mnny
years no euro had been taken to gather
and prcscrvo those trophies, and the
hiding pluco of many of thorn is not
oven unown. .
It is not necessary for nslocniinier
uto all tho victories tho flug has won
nnd the vicissitudes it hns undergone
during tho long periotl of our history,
for they aro known to every render.
It is never idle. Now stars nro oon
tinitnlly added to its cluster, and fresh
nchioveiTientsshed luslro upon its folds.
It is now ranrching on lo glorious con
quests of peace. Alaska is under its
dominion ; it waves over new posses
sions in tho Pacific, two-thirds of the
way to Japan ; Stanley is to-tlny bear
ing' il into tho depths of Africa, where
never vet hns tho font of wbito man
trod; whilo its latest acquisitions at
home mithe its deep blua glow with
tho light of thirty-seven stars. ' , Jl.
II oixlinan vi AjijKiton.
TEA CJIEJIS1 TVTE.
Wo bad intended to publish a full
report of tho proceedings of tlio Insti
tute, but tho proper ollicors having
failed to furnish us with a copy wo pro
sent this brief report, handed us by
tbe County Superintendent :
Tho Clearfield County Teachers' In
stitute for tho school year 1H75 con
vened in Phr-'s Opera House, Cleurlleld,
Pa., on Monday, Dec. 27th, nt 1 o'clock,
p. M., and continued its sessions until
Friduy noon, Deo. .'list.
During its meetings 131 touchers
untl 32 directors were present. The
different sessions were better attended
by teachers and citinens thun any pre
vious Institute. Tlio teachers camo
well preparetl in their -work nnd la
bored earnestly during tho entire In
stitute, and it is with grout pleasure
that 1 stato that by their well prepared
work nnd tho friendly manner in
which they met together, it was made
tho most successful Institute held dur
ing my term of oflice, and I only regret
that we havo yet over sixty teachers
who could not bo present.
Aa tho minutes of tlio different ses
sion would prove interesting to but
I'cry few, I ptiblijh only tho resolutions
adopted t tho Inst session. Tho In-
adoi
stiiuto nroccedimrs should bo published
in pamphlet form, but tbo scarcity of
funds this year would not permit us to
attempt it.
nESOl.TJTIoNH.
Tho commit too on resolutions, con
sislingof (,'. W. Mursdon, W. K. Shannon
and K. N. Hoot, reported tho following :
' Iiemlurl, Tbnt wo heartily endorse
tho methods of instruction as presented
by cortain teachers of this Instituto on
phonetic spelling, menUil and written
arithmetic, geography, grammar, phys
ical geography, drawing and history.
Jlrtolceil, Tbnt we commend those
teachers who so well acquitted them
sorvaaon the subjects for consideration,
thus showing their enthusiasm in the
work and the diligent manner in which
they havo prepared their work ; and
wo endorso the views on t'io General
Lesson system especially. ,
EenJn-J, That wo deem ns unwise,
in onr judgment, the allowing of time
to teachers for visiting schools in their
respective districts.
tttmlvfil, That wo believe thut grout
good would result from teachers visit
ing other schools.
VirWiW, That wo recommend tho
conducting of the literary exercises ot
Friday afternoon in the form of a liter
ary society.
Etmlvnl, That wo look upon tho
courso of school directors in lowering
tho wages of teachers as unwise; be
cause it drives good teachers from the
profession, nnd thus does inestimable
Iinrm to tho progress of school work
antl advancement of the profession.
Jlisolixd, Thut when school 4-oonis
uro grunted for public meetings, there
should bo an article of agreement bo
twecn tho directors anil persons secur
ing tho use of tho house, by which tho
directors should hold tho parties ro
spoaeiblo for tho school property, and
also for keeping tho room clean or
having it properly cleaned bo fore school
is again tnugnt in it.
lrmlvfd, That school visitations
should bo encouraged, especially those
of directors, nnd the nim of the teacher
should be to make these visitations
beneficial.
Ilrfalveil, That we believe visits from
directors would prove more beneficial
were they to more closely study tho
'school work nnd como prepared lo dic
tate when we are wrong.
llivntvcit. That wo recommend tho
directors to reserve a small portion ot
tbo tnx each year for the improvement
of'oaeh bouso in tho district, by which
means ill a few venrs our houses would
all hn good uiid well supplied with
suitable nppnratus.
RiSolvol, That we commend tho Lo
cal Instituto to the fuvorol all tenchent.
fYi'Wiwf, That our thanks aro due
Rev. J. II. Young, Rev. II. K. Butler,
T. 11. Murray, Esq.. nnd Wm. M. Mc
Cullougb, Esq., for their nhlo lectures;
to tho Moplo of Cleat field for tho in
terest they manifested in our work, ami
to tbo Clearfield Orchestra for the ex
cellent music furnished.
J. A. GuiiiioBY, Co. Snp't.
I a,
Ciiink.sk I MMiciBArioN. According
lo tho San Francisco AVntVntho Chin-
cso Immigration, commencing in 18il2
with an lirtltix ol over nvo iiiousan.i
Loirsiini. in that ;, ' '.'-;;d ir ourselves, in nino cases out trimtft between seventeen other dc
teen years a tola ol 1 1.1,11.4, of which j o ten, the better course is, if a mar i ' ominations.-JIV.srit nqton Special
less ll.nn five thousand nro females, cheats you, cease to deal wilh bun ; if , 1
Tho greatest Immigration in any oi.e ho is abusive, quit bis company; and! WoNiiKanL Ol D Maw Happy
year was 1!,MH in 1M72. If these 8il0 if ho slanders you, tnko care lo live so 'Sylvester Shaw, of Itusscllvilio, Brown
were women. And this dispmportioii (bat nobody will believe him. No county Ohio I On Tuesday bo cele
of tho sexes gives A key to tho whole .mutter who ho is or how bo misuses ' l,;, teventy-fifth birthday in
subject. 1 he domestic hie of tho On-1 yon, the wisest way is to let him alono; ! company with his twenty-one children,
entiils hns never como here. 1 bo lor there is nothinir heller than this I Alter dinner he took them out to the
whole movement is littlo more than a ,eoil, calm, and quiet way of dealing lmui in front of tml houso, and
niere labornpprenticeship.every t hum-1 with tho wrongs we meet wilh. Lies ,he oi l man left them all in a scrub
man keeping his purposo of iiltiinato .mchased, will die ; fires unlannod, will rac0 ,,-, hundred yards. Tho old man
return to his nntivo land sloadly in burn out, and quarrels neglected, be-; u,,.,, ,uoww bis family what bovs
mind, and whether i living, or dead bo como as dull ns Hie cmlor ot an extinct rud do when bo was young. J'lo
goo back, unless his hie . a failure, vol. ano. ,10n jnmpwl , llino nii ,nc0 itmml
'J ho small influx of thinew women , - - - , , touching his bands, climbed branc
represent the rcprc,,vc force that has BH.op Haven's letter has not hclve.l ;oi thoapidclnninet.i.ntinclimlKKl
been very elfee ively maintained since bun niiicli. '1 ho Hartford F.f, com- ,0 Uie ' o tbc Wft .,,ole i?.nd ov,.r
the discovery that they wero brought , ment is a fjitr saniplo ol tlio estimate lmn, thlV,w , lnl ,..,( lov tbo honlM)
hero only for the basest pnnxwes on put upon the explanation by tbo press: . n(1 HmiKi t, Uck ,, hi, ,,,
speculation, 1ho Oriental docs not : "ll.hop llavon has not improved his ,, t1(,Vtro and told the old woman
intend to H..U a boUns country-, position by h.s attempted cxr nnat.onj,if ,u0 Uidu't fix 'em afore n.ornin'
and will never assniiilato himself with of his 'third term' escapade. Ho bcgs'.1(,.j kllock lho (wkl 0 ,)f horr
our uial.tutious. Lnhko any other the question in saying that bo did not 0oj Sylvester Shaw I Long live
loreign clement thut seeks our shores, renominate President Grant, bill more- ;t10 (t inhabitant
they como In light marching onler as ; y prayed that be might be. This is, a.
lini-vcsters of llir own small fortune, j too ,nmi ,ole for A Bishop to try to ; The Venango Sprctator says : There,
and retire or hope to retire when their j crawl through." used to ho some talk occasionally about
purpose is attained. And tho Inpse of . -e I Parson Newman, Grant's chaplaia, bnt
thirteen years it quite enough lo do- If they want to pull'tro. bat all I Bishop Haven has knoeksd bin highef
l-'olaro their intentions in Ibis regard. the men in the land, can t slop cm. Ithnrt a kite,
TEEMS $2 per annum In Advance,
SERIES - VOL. 17, NO. 2.
A THEME FOli EDUCATOIIS.
Lord Bacon, w ho w as such a pitsllgy
of wisdom thut ho bus narrowly cs
taped having the works of Shukcs
pearo added to his honors, shrewdly
said of books thut some "aro to bo
tasted, others to bo swullowcd, and
somo few to bo chewed ami digested."
This is ono of those conciso truths,
however, to which every sensible por
tion confesses without understanding
at all bow to apply tlutiii. J I Bacon
had written "somo toad stools aro to
ho tasted, etc," he could not buvo been
less helpful, since it does not add to
anybody's comfort simply to bo told
thut somo things aro poisons and others
dainties. In such a dilemma the
cbances, wo should think, would bo in
favor of. iiltimiito slurvntion ot tlio
hotly or tho brain, according to tho
character of the food thns classed. It
is what books ure to be tasted, swal
lowed or chewed and digested that
every reader needs most to know, and
it is tho difficulty of acquiring this is
fonfiution that constantly harasses him.
Tho libraries, with their entangling
cntulogues, simply deepen his perplex
ity; tho encyclopedias content them
selves with discriminating botwecn tho
initial letters of author's names ; the
path which you aro most likely to
tread will prove a disappointing circle.
Should tho searcher's quest bo only to
wards tho profitable in literature, it
will, perhaps, bo possible for him to
stumble upon un answer; if his hunger
is for scieuce or art, tho chanco of dis
covering exactly suitable food will be
a fur smaller one. Wo could imngino,
for instance, that without a good guido
ono might be occupied a liletinio witb
tho Yesterday ot science, unable to
penetrate its nuno of errors to tho
truths of its To-day, anddoomcd to
tho condition of Pope's "bookl'til block'
head, ignoruntly read, with loads of
icamca lumocr in ins neau.
Somo attempts thoro havo boon to
provide to those thus locked out of tho
mind's trcasnre-houso tho skeleton keys
which they require, but tho fuilurcs
fur outnumber the successes. Among
tho latter ought to bo included tlio sy
tern atlopteil by the public libraries of
Boston and Quincy of furnishing with
their catalogue of books nn intelligent
classification of subjects and writers,
and tho kindred one of tho reading
club, now in courso of popularization.
Both havo sufficiently demonstrated
their usefulness to command respect,
hut within too narrow limits.
Something mnro general iB nocded.
Whether tbo difficulty would bo most
easily solved by tbo publication ol a
handbook to learning, which should
include a critical list of authors and
subjects in their mutual relations, is
perhaps A question to bo determined
only by actual trial ; but its considera
tion is deserving at least of much schol
arly attention. We would have a bo
ginning madu with our schools and
colleges, which, although their main
purposo is tho training of tho mind to
proper methods oi study, loo generally
ignore tho informing of youth i upon
tho character of tho very sources from
which they must of necessity draw
their principul stores of knowledge, nnd
tho teacher who, having developed in
bis pupil a desire of learning, allows
thut desiro to ttilfill itself in tho line of
simple inclination, must, wo fear, bo
held responsible for A large share of
tho human errors with whicu every
ngo is overcharged. Bacon was right
in saying that "reading niakolh a full
man," and thoro is no greater servitw
which tbo learned can rentier to the
ignorant than to tell them where that
reading should begin, how advance
and in what direction seek its lnrtrest
profit. It onr educators desire a themo
lor earnest discussion, they havo it
here. J'hilailrlphia Timet.
XAPOLEOX AM THE STOE
CUTTEU. Napoleon, when in tho height of Lis
power, being once at Amiens, whilst
traversing tlio square, in tho midst of
the acclumut inns of t bo inlinbi iants who
had assembled around him, cast bis
eyes upon tho multitude, and perceived,
in ono of tho corners of tho square, a
stone cutter who had not been induced
to quit his work by tho curiosity which
animated the crowd by whom he was
surrounded. 'Tho indifference of this
mun excited tho curiosity of Napoleon.
He wished to know something about
him ; and, passing through tbo crowd,
urged on bis homo until ho arrived
close to hint. "What are you doing
there?" said Napoleon. Tho workman
raised bis eyes, and recognized tho
Emperor. "1 am cutting stone." "You
havo served under me," quickly ob
served tho Emperor, who rccognir.cd
nn old soldier. "It is true, siro." "You
wore present at tho campaign at Egypt
you wcro a brigadier in such A
corps?" "Yes, sire." "Why have you
quitted tho service?'' "Becauso I had
complcled my timo, and obtained my
discharge. "i am sorry lor n ; you i plied to a portion, but "Brother Jona
wcie a bravo man I shall be happy j than" bos now become a dosiirnntion
lo do for yon any thing in my power:
j say, what do you require from mo ?"
"That your Majesty w'dj leave mo cut
my stone in quiet; my work suffices
ino; 1 run In want of nothing. Jh
'fact brings to mind tho interview ofj
Dmgoncs with Alexander: but tho
modest pi'idt of the Greek philosopher
was not equal lo the reply of tho stone
cutter. fJrAiiiiKi.iNii. If anything in the
world will make a man feel badly, it is
unquestionably a quarrel. No mnn
ever fails to think lessof himself alter
than before. It degrades him in Ids
own eyes, and disgraces him in tho
eyes of others, anil, what is worso,
1.1....... .1... ,l I I
j uniiiin wiv m-iisojiiim-B ui, luu ,iu ituim,
and increases tlio power of passionate
irritability on the other. Tho truth is.
tho more peacefully nnd quietly wo
i get on, the belter i.,r our neighbors
..jj L t Utf
AN ACT THAT SHOULD BK
PASSED.
Ono ot tbo early diillos of Congress;
which ha just been convened, should
bo to pass an act substantially like tho
following:
"ile It aaueleat lie aTraale un4 oe.a V r7
reaealarlrae la C'eHyreteaeHetaVeU, That from alil
Bflor Ibe Bauafe uf thie aot It aball ba anlewful
for fetuelee or obililroa lo ro.hlo la our aellonal
eraaela or voyage how port to ,ort la raid eeaaala t
aoil every ollicer or olber benoo til tbo Bftval
arrrle. wbo ahall violet. Ib. provi.loBe or tbla
But ahall eaner tlliuiiaeal Iron Ib. aavy ar lb.
.oa.t aurrey aorvloe, or, lo tb. aaee of aaval
oflloota, auob otber tuBlahuont aa a aourt uterlial
ahall e'ljiidjir.
'roe,i.d, aoimer, lliat It, la aot .bell But l
ttad to Hi. famUlee of Mioialera rieolioloitttary,
or oilier dluloiaetio ofttoore wbo utay bo required
by tbelr lo.lruetloue to ,rooaod lo tbelr dealina
lioa iB .eaaela ol war, Bur to beraooa rereued
from aliii.reo)l or Ib dlalreaa aad anable to pro.
erd by any otber mode of eoaveyaAM."
Under tho administration of the
navy by Sucor lloocaoti un immense
ami dangerous abuse has grown up
which requires prompt and radical cor
rection ; uhiI the statute proposed
aIkivo is designed to accomplish that'
(villi.
This abuso consists in tho conversion
of naval vessels into family residences
and boarding houses lor the wives and
children ot ollicors. We Are informed
that the list of vessels so employed in
cludes the Benicia, Colorado, Congress,
F rolic, Jamestown, Independence, Min
nesota, Michigan, Monongahela, New
Hampshire, Ohio, Omuha, Sabine, St.
Mary's, Tallapoosa, Tennessee, And
others ; And that all tho steamers of
tho coast survoy are similarly usod.
Some other abuses which have
marked Secor Robeson's career at the
bead of tho navy aro of A grosser
nature, antl require mora radical treat
ment. Though almost innumerable in
form, but idonticnl in nature, theso
abuses may be described nnder the
genoral titlo of stealing ; and tho House
of Representatives should explore them
without merry. Hut Boboson's con
version of national ships into floating
lodging houses and nurseries noeds no
sKx inl investigation, nnd may bo rem
edied on general principles by such an
not ns wo propose. AVw 1'orA' Sun.
OUR WAY Y1TH THISTLES.
A correspondent writes: "Bo bo
kind as to inform A brother editor how
Canada thistles may bo exterminated.
This thistlo was introduced in this
neighborhood daring tho war between
tho sections, by feeding Northern hay
as provender to Union cavalry. It Is
a spreading pest that wo cannot man
age. -John W. Finks, Warrington, Fau
quier county, Virginia.
We are almost ashamed to say bow
wo kill Canada thistles. The method
is so simple that our corrosiiondont will
feel as if we wero telling liim nothing
new and possibly be almost angry ,
.with us for not parading some patent
nostrum. When tho leprous king was
told by tho prophet of God to huthe
seven times in tho river Jordan, he
was offended because it was such A
littlo thing, and yet that was the only
way for a euro. To kill thistles, all
that is necessary is to keep tho sprouts
from getting above tho surface of the
ground threo or four months in tho
growing season. Only this and noth
ing more. Deep culture is not neces
sary. Anything which will cut off
every sprout us soon as it appears
above tho surfaco will answer. If pos
siblo, cultivato before tho thistles ap
pear, cutting off tho sprouts beneath
tho surface It does even more good
than waiting to have tbe miserable
satisfaction (?) of seeing your enemy.
There is no need of beginning next
season until the thistles aro nearly in
blossom. Then turn thom well under
with a good plow and afterwards culti
vato thoroughly on top. Give them
no breathing place. A thistle which
cannot get above the ground dios just
as a man would die with his bead
I under water, only unfortunately, not
so soon, t.itlier man or thistlo would
live indefinitely, with frequent chances
to breathe. If there are largo stones
or stumps in tho field tho thistles
around them must be vigorously kept
down with a hoe. Bo sure And do aJ
the work in ono season. It take a
great deal less work to kill this
tles in one season than in two. As for
taking three or more seasons, that is
not killing thistles at all only culti
vating them. .yew York Rural.
ORlniy OF TIIE TERM BROTH
ER JONATHAN.
Tho story of tho origin of tho above
term, as related many years ago, to
the editor of tbe Norwich Courier, by a
gentleman over eighty years of Ago,
who wns an active participator in tlio
scenes of tho Revolution, is as follows :
When General Washington, after be
ing appointed commander of the army
of tho Revolutionary War, came to
Massachusetts to organize it and make
preparations for tho defense of the
country, be found a groat want of Am
munition and othor means necessary
to meet tho poworful foe he bad to con
tend with, and great difficulty to ob
tain thorn. II attacked in such condi
tion, tho causo at onco might be hope
less. On one occasion, at that anxious
period, a consultation of tbe officers
and others was held, when it seemed no
way could bo devised o mako such
preparation as was necessary. His
Excellency, Jonathan Trumbull, the
elder, 'was then Govornor of tho Stato
of Connecticut, on whose judgment and
aid tho General placed the greatest re
liance, and remarked, " We must con
sult Brothor Jonathan on the subject"
I he licncral did so, and tho Govornor
was successful in supplying mnny of
tho wants of the army. 'When difficul
ties afterward anise, and tho army was
spoad over tbo country, it became a
by-word, "Wo consult Brother Jona-
j than." Tho term Y'ankco is still ap-
of tho wholo country, as John Bull has
or r.ngiund.
GnANT's Blow at Kittariahihm.
It will bo seen that the blow the Pres-
i1,Mt '" l sectarianism would fall
most heavily on his own donomination
tho Methodist and that ho has
greatly exaggerated the amount of
,'hureu proorty hold by the ditferent
sects, unless, as is quite improbable, the
I total of $:154,483,581, which, according
; to the census, thoy owned in 1870, has
: trebled in tho interval of tlio past five
years. Tho total was divided up ns
follows:
Metbodi.t
1 50"". c,w,!
rreibytertaae
....ti.f.sii,iii
.... Mt,va.e,5Mi
.... 1I,!J,JKI
.... 4I,0,1S
... Mll,J4
. j,W,SSS
.... 1,ISI,4?
1 llartliat.
! Kpiaoopallaaa
i nXr'cw'a?
L.iheraoa ......'."
. 14,117,747
, The remaining 35,000.000 bcinir dis-
grgr.v!'jst:;
i . j