THE
' CLEARFIELD REPUBLICAN',"
I1EORGR H. UOODLANDBR,
CLRAKPIKLft, PA.
HiTAOLINHRD I If I it HI.
ia Urcnl ClreuUtloH faiiy Newepaavar
Ih Nortu Cautral Pvnniylvania.
Terms of Sabaoription,
tf paid lu adveno, or within I moat ha... .I? OO
tf id after .1 end before month 11 SO
U i mi J after th oipiratioa or month... 3 OO
Rates oi Advertising,
TrAiulent advertisement, per squartof tOlineaor
.i nines or ies pi v
For oaih subsequent Insertion.
Idinioisiraiors' end Kieeutnr' notiae. t 60
Auditors' notlue S 60
Cautions and Kmrnvi I i
Dissolution notices , t tfl
Professional Card, ft line or less, I year..
Loral nnttaei, per line , u
YKAKI.Y ADVKRTISRMKNT8.
I aquare $8 00 I 1 eolumn $ 00
I square.,. lft 00 column.. Tfl 00
I square... to 00 1 enlumn.. 110 00
OROKUy B. OOODLANDKH.
Editor ud Publisher.
Cards.
tHOI. K. HUIRAT,
omui soanos.
MURRAY & GORDON,
ATTORNEYS AT LAW,
:J0'7 CLEARFIELD, PA.
FRANK FIELDING,
ATT OKN EY-AT-LAW,
Clearfield, P..
Wtll attend to til butfneaa enlruateit to him
p.ontntlv tod faithfully. a.vl2'7S
WILUAB A. wtli,eiBV
AMU f. Wallace. . .
.. WALLACE & KREB8,
(llllMUt. to WtlltM A yitldlDf.l
ATTOKNEYS-AT-LAW,
1 1-12 73 Clearfield, Pi.
A. G. KRAMER,
ATTORN EY-AT-LAW,
Keel Kitfttv aad Colloelioi Agent,
Cl.UAKft'lELI), PA.,
Will prumptljr otttad to oil logl builoiH
trailed to bii flam.
flrOffie in IMo'i Opr Houit, mond floor,
opril l-0mB
IOMII-1 MEHALLT. OAHIRL W. M CD1
McENALLY & MoCUEDY,
. ATTOKNEYS-AT-LAW,
Clettrtteld, Pa.
"Lotrnl bviines atttnded to prompt It withj
LU'litr. Uffin un Hoound itreot, abov tk Flrit
Notlunal Bank. jan:l:T4
G. R. BARRETT,
Attorney and Counrblor at Law,
ulkakhikld. pa.
Having resigned t.lr Juilgeahip, hu returned
i he praotiL'o of the law In bie old offioe at Clear
Bold, Pa. Will attend the ooartt of Jelferaon and
Klk fjoeullee when ipi'eiallr retained In eonneetion
irtth rejident otmoenl. I:l4:7J
WM.
M. McCULLOUGH,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
t lo.rllnld, Ft.
jMrOIRo Id Court Hood., (HherllT'l OICocl.
I.iifcal bn.ttivi. l.romntl v ttleodcd to. H.nl e.Ltt
boiiKbt tod .I I. J. 1173
A . W . WALTERS,
- ATl'OKNEY AT LAW,
' llftrlleld, Pt.
t;4.0nlue Id tlmhttu't Row. dol-lj
... " w " 8fv1TH(
ATTORN EY-AT-LAW,
ll:l:T 'lMrHeld. Pt.
WALTER BARRYtt,
ATTORN KY AT LAW.
C'lftrOeld, Pa.
jfrOffiot Id Old WotttrD Hotel bulldlof,
ooru.r of Soooad tnd litrk.t Bti. noTtl.fib.
ISRAEL TEST,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
Clearfield, Pa.
"Offloo Id l'lt'i Opart floo.a. jll,'C7
JOHN H. FULFORD,
- ATTORNEY AT LAW,
- ' CICa( n.tlaj f
r-jrofloe lu Pie's Opera Houio, Ruon No. ft.
Jan. 3, 1874.
J OH N L. "Cti IT TLE
ATTORN KY AT LAW.
Viid Real Ketate Aent, Cleardeld, Pa.
Office oi Third itreet, bet. Cherry A Walnut,
-Respectfully offer hli lerTieeiln tell lug
ad buying landi In ClearAeld and adjoining
tountiee and with aa eipertene of over twent
roan ae a larTejror, flatter hlmielf that he eaa
render Hturaotloa. IJreb. Z:ns;tr,
j7 B L A K E W ALT E RS,
' REAL ESTATE BROKER,
AMD DBALKB IN
Haw Log and Lumber,
OLKAHPIRLD, PA.
Ala. la Orthtm'a Uow. 1:36:71
J.J. L INGLE,
ATTORNKY - AT - LAW,
l:IS Itareola, Clearfleld Com Pa. :fd
s bXr n h a r t7
ATTOKNKY . AT - LAW,
llellet'oate. Pa.
Will prtctlee la Cktrllfld and all of the Courta of
the ZMh JudiolAI itl.trlet. Heal eaieie autiaeee
tnd oollMtioa of oltinia antde apMltltlea. al'TI
DR. W. A. MEANS,
PHYSICIAN ft SURGEON,
Ll'TIlHR.Sfll'Rll, PA.
Will attend profeaaloBtl oalla promptlv. auIO'7tt
DR. T. J. BOYER,
PHYSICIAN AND 3UROKON,
OOoa OB Market Stmt, Cloarleld. Pa.
trpnioa hoara: I to 13 a. at., tod 1 to I p. ai.
yy U 7 F,r M . SO 11 K UK E R, "
IIOM'KOPATIIIC PHYSICIAN,
Ollloa Id reaideae. oa Market at.
April 34, 1K7t. ClearHeld, Pt.
J. H. KLINE, M. D.,
t'HYSICIAN A SURGEON,
UAVINU loeated at Penalleld, Pa., ofera kit
profeaalooal .ervieea to th. people of that
pluoe aod aurroundlng oountrjr. All oalla promptly
attoDded to. oot. II tf.
D R7 J . P . B U RC H F I eTd",
Lata Hargeoa of theHJJd HeglBoat,PBBij)TaDia
Volunteer, having returned froai the Amy,
ffera bit profeHloaal rvloe to theeiUieni
f Clearfield eoanlj.
MTProreMionaloallt promptly attoadej te.
Olfle oa Seeoad street, reraierlyoeevpled by
Dr. Wood. aprAM-tl
DR. H. B. VAN VALZAH7
CI.KAHfiel.U, PKNN'A.
OKKK'E IN M ANOXIC 1K'IMINH.'
fir Office hurt From 13 to 3 P. M.
M, 13, 1876 j
DR. JEFKKHSON UTZ,
. MOIlOLANU. PA.
Will prouiutlv attend all e.lla la lb. lioeof bia
pnifea.idn. noe.lV-71
07 W," WEAVER & CO.,
ItKUCiGISTS & Al'OTHKCAHIEH,
CrllWKNSVILLK, PA.
Ilotlera In all blodi of llniK, M.dirlnea, PaD
ej tlood. and llrofciata' Bomtri.a.
Corwenaville, Mtirb 17, I87i.
GEOEQE M. FEEODSON,
WITH
w. v. LirriscoTT & co.,
dealera la
HATS ft CATS, HOOTS 4 SUOKS,
3 IT (31 Market Ptrc.l, Phlltdelphlt. 7 tf
A. H. MITTON,
lUanufaotarer and dealer In
Harness, Saddles and Bridles
Caller., Whlpa, Draahea, Fly Nell, Trltamlaft.
Hora. Illtok.u, Ae.
Vaou.ta, Frank Mlllrr'i and Realafoot OIL.
Ap-nt for llailay and Wilaon'a Bugglee.
Order aad repairing promptly alteaded te,
Khop oa Market ilreet, ClnrBeld, Pa., la room
formerly eoeotiied by Jet. Aleitader. l:U'7b
rPHR andersigaed begs leave t lafona thspwb
X lie that he it aow fully prepared U -
ie all ia th way of faraishiBg lloree. fi aggie,
oaddle and lUrae, on th shertert avtiee aad
a reasonable terms. Keeidene oa Loeaal aUaat,
betwota Third and Fowib.
UKO. W. OBARHART. I
llearleld, Feb.4. 1874.
CLEARFIELD
GEO. B. QOODLANDEE, Proprietor.
VOL. 49-WIIOLE NO.
Cards.
JOHN D. THOMPSON,
Justin of th Po ud SorUener,
CurweiisvUle, P.
fctft. Col loot ion mad and none? promptly
paid over. fabll'THf
flIO. ALIBRT NIIT ALBKRT.W W. ALBKMT
W. ALBERT Sl BROS.,
Maoufactarera A exUroelre Dealoreifl
p J T L o m- 1 l. -
DawBu jjtuiiotu, ouuaie xuuuur, utu,
woodland, runs -A.
Sr-Otdere tollcltod. Bill! Blloa oa abort aotlee
ltd reaaoaeble lerna.
Addran Woodltnd P. 0., Cle.reld Co., Pt.
.11-1; W ALBERT BH08
FRANCI8 COUTRIET,
MEKCUANT,
Preliehvllle. Clearfield County. Pa.
Koopa eoDlUotly oa htnd a full aeeortn.nt of
lire uoode, ilarawtro, uroe.nee, too ererjiniog
aruallv Bent Id e null ttort, wbleb wtll bt eoia,
for oeah, tt obotp tt olaewher. it tbo .oBBty
rrraehrtll, .en. iHor-iv.
THOMAS H. FORCEE
D0AI.IB IB)
GENERAL MKHCH AN01HE,
CiHAII AMTON, Pa.
AlM.eiteuilt' menu fuel urer and dealer Id Square
Timber ana Hawed Lumber oi an ainas.
,r Order aolioittd and all bill promptly
Biieu. i jj '
REUBEN HACKMAN,
House and Sign Painter and Paper
Hanger,
Cleaffleld, Penli'a.
.Will .Keot.Joba In hta IId. promptly and
In a workmanllk. manner. tfM.flT
G. H. HALL,
PRACTICAL PUMP MAKER
NEAR CLEARFIELD, PENN'A.
Pumpi alwars on hand and made to nrdei
on short otic. Pipe bored on reasonable terms.
All work warranted to render satisfaction, and
delivered if desired. my56:lypd
E. A. BIGLER & CO.,
DIAI.BH IN
SQUARE TIMBER,
and mtaufaoturara of
ALL KINUHOPtAWIiU l.DMIllOII.
S-7'73 CLEARFIKLD, PKNN'A.
JAS. B. GRAHAM,
dealer la
Real Estate, Square Timber, Boards
BI1INULGS, LATH, A I'ICKKTS,
:lt'7S Clearlleld, Pa,
JAMKS MITCH ELL,
BRAI.KB IB
Stjuare Timber & Timber Landa,
JeH-71 CLEAKPIKI.D, PA.
H. F. NAUGLE,
WATCH MAKER & JEMELGR,
and deal.r Id
WatcheR, Clotiks, Jewelry, Silver
and Fluted Wnre, &c,
olv"73 CI.tAHFlHI.il, PA.,
sTFTs N Y D e rT
PRACTICAL WATCIIMAKF.ll
abd pbai.br IB
Watobes, Clocks and Jowcliy
tfru.m-e jiww, juureer aimi,
rt.BAnpiKi.1), pa.
All klnda of repairing In mj line promptly at-
ended to.
Apnl
I n, 1874.
KfcMCIVAI..
REIZENSTEIN & BERLINER,
wholesale dealer la
GEXTS' HR1S11IG GOODS,
Have removed to
1ST Chomh atreet, between
Franklin and White ale., New York,
IJjuna
JAMES H. LYTLE, "
No. 4 Ple'a Opera Houae, ClearBeld, Pa.
Dealer la Oroeeilee, Provlaloaa, Yegettblea,
rrnita, Moor, feed, eto., etc.
tprl4'7t-lf
J aeFewatson "TcoT,
RKAb ESTATI BHOKKRS,
CLKAHFIKLb, I'E.V'N'A
IIouaM tnd Offioea to let, Collection, promptly
made, tnd Iret-eleaa Coal aod Flie.Clny Landa
tnd Town property for at la. Omoe la We.tera
Hotel Uailding (2d Door), Keeond St. my!3'7ty
D. M. D0HEETI,
FASHIONABLE BARBER A HAIR DHHSSKR.
CLEARFIELD, PA.
Shop aett door to Weaver A Betta' lore,
Second street.
Joly 14, T5-y
HARUY SNYDER,
(Formerly with Lew Schuler.)
BARDKR AND IIAIKDREfHKH,
Rhnn on Market 81.. opnoiit Court Hrase.
A elean towel for every oustomer. may IM, '76.
JRATZEU i LYTLE,
AOENTH IN CLEARFIELD COUNTY FOR
I.OKILiYiIM N
CelebratcdBrand of
Smoking & Chewing Tobaccos,
Wo are enabled to wholesale to dealer thruurh
oat the eounty at iiy prices.
K HAT2r.il A 1, i TLR,
je:TI-tf Clearfield, Pa.
UNDERTAKING.
tiltTrm
-.-TS-Mf
fM-H II 1iJ dV
Th andenlgned ara aow fully preiiared to
arry a th buiaa of
INIKItTAKItJ,
AT KIASONAtlLI RATES,
Aad reapMtlolly eoliell the patronage of tboae
noMIng aaob eervtee.
juim i Kuu i mnn,
JAMES L. LEAVY.
Cl.art.ld, Pa., Feb. If), 1874.
T IME1 LIME I
Th. nnd.r.itnrd la now prepared to fornlab
the pnlilie with tn aioellant qotllty of
Bellefonte Wood-Burned Lime,
for pleaterlng parttoaea, by the large or rntall
qoantity. Cea be found for tbe preaeat at I'i.'a
aew building, on Market etreet.
eetl-tf . L. K. MrCllLLOUUII.
MITCHELL WAGONS.
Tbe Best is the Cheapest!
Thomas lUllly bal received another large lot of
"Milehrll Wago, h.rh ar among in very
best atanafaelHied, aad which he wtll aril at th
most reaionabl ra'.e. His stuck includes almost
II description f wagf'Bi -largtend small, wide
and aarrow traei. van n i see mem.
aprr.74 T1IOMAH HK1LLV.
JOHN A. PTAD17ER,
BAKER, Market Bt Cleail-ld, Pa.
Fr,h Br., Rush, Roll. Pie and Cakes
oa band er Btade to order. A general arsortment
of lWeclionar.ee, Frail aad Nat In stock.
Itm Cream aad U.vrter In reoa. Pali a atarly
opposite lb Pustc ftp. Priet moderate.
Mreh l-'7.
G. S. FLEGA L,
Ironsides Store,
PHILI.IPNItTIICl, PA.
UKALKR IS
HARDWARE, MOVE", HEATERS, P.ANO.
t, WOOD AND WILLOW WARE.
AND HAHVrACTV Of
TIN, SHEET IRON AND C0PPKRWARE.
Preeqelale Street,
Phllllpabarg, Centre Co., Pa.
"0
X.Mey 1ST.
2435.
TJIE RECOXSTRCCTIOX PRO
CESS.
II V SAM I'd. T. SPEAR, l. II.
.IiiiIl'O I wlt'Y, t)t .Miilili'iill, ill an
nltltt ni liclo on the coiiHtltiilMiiuil iftinr-
nnty of n LVptililiciin ovurnnit'iit mi
tlto BtnliM, imblisliod in tlio ItiHt Jitnu-
urj' mid I'V'ltrnurv mitnlior of The In
Inmitionul Jlivieir, iihch tbo following
lnr.giin(?o in respect to tlio ruconnlnic-
tion mcnuunia atloptvtl by Congretn
"In adjusting tho rvlntiona of tbo
ruuui BtuivB to me general uovurnmeni
ana in conlorniiug their constitutions
and laws to tbo condition of atTttira
which accompanied and followed the
destruction of altiveiy, maiiy tbiiign
were done which all must concedo it
wa impossible, to justily by the letter
of tbo constitution and which their
authors and supporters must Uelend on
tbe irround that from tbe extraonliimrv
oirMmmotiioti-B cHichjiii liuperluofl nccea
sity had sprung as tho frumors of the
Constitution could not possibly untici
puto and, tltereforo, could not provide
tor. How fur this defense should in
tiny particular instance bo accepted as
conclusive aud satisfactory is a ques
tion not necessarily involved in th;
present discussion. What now con-
corns lis is that tlu'HO extraordinary
cases of congressional intervention shall
stand exceptional and not lie justified
on tbo guaranty of tbo Constitution
and accepted as guides and precedents
for futuro action. To accent thorn as
such would bo to put an end to tho
constitutional union mado known to us
in tho writings of tho federalist and ex-
S minded in tlio decisions of Marshall,
tory, Taney and Cbuso."
Tho process by which tbo fourteenth
amendment was ratified is, we presume,
out of tbo things to which J udgo Cooley
hero lvlcrs. To understand this pro
cuss, wo need to recur for u moment to
tbo ratification of tbo thirteenth amend
ment proposed by Congress, February
1, 1805, aud declared on tbo lHtli of
December, 18US, to bo ratified by tbo
voto of twenty-seven states. Among
mo siaies urns voting wenuu V lrgiuia,
Louisiana, Tennessee, Arkansas, South
Carolina, North Carolina. Georgia, and
Alabama eight in all. Tbo constitu
tional capacity of these states as then
organised to voto upon tho amendment
was BHsumod in submitting it to them,
and then umiuiiod again in counting
tnoir votes, r.xcept upon tins assump
tion, applicable to overy one of tlietu,
the amendment has never been consti
tutionally adopted. Tbo whole num
ber of states at tbo time was tbirtv-
six f which twenty-seven states wcro
just three-quarter.
l'bo fourteenth amendment was on
tho lHlli ol June, 1SUG, proposed to the
legislatures OI tlio several states by a
concurrent resolution of tbe two houses
of Congresh. Tho result of the voting
upon tbts amendment up to April 1,
1807, was as Ibllows : 1. Twenty-one
of tbo so-cullcd loyal states bad ratified
it, and three namely, Iowa, Caliloraia
and Nebraska had acted not at all. 2.
Ten of tbo so-called insurrection states
namely, Virginia, North Cnrolina,
iluutli :tuliiia, (rooiiHu, rlorltla. Ala-
bnnta, M IsBlssippI, Louisiana, Texas ana
Arkansas hud voted against it. Thus
tbo record stood after the proposition
bad been before tbo country for nciirly
a year. Tbo amendment, of eourso,
hail failed of being ratified. The nfllr-
mative votes of the three Btates that
had not acted at all would not bo suffi
cient lor its adoption. Nebraska hav
ing been admitted into the union on
the 1st of March, 1SC7, tbe number of
states was then thirty-seven.
Congress, by tbo reconstruction act
passed on tbo 2d of March, 18U7, de
clared "tho rebel states of Virginia,
North Carolina, South Carolina, Geor
gia, Mississippi, Alabama, Louisiana,
Florida, Texas anil Arkansas," to bo
without "legal state governments," di
vided them into "niililnrv districts,"
placed each district under tlio authority
an army ollleer, to bo appointed by
the President, and by the supplemental
acts of .March 23 and July J II, 1807,
provided for tho adoption of now Con
stitutions and the creation of now stato
governments in these statu). The tilth
section of tho first act stated, as follows,
the conditions upon which these states
should bo entitled to representation in
Congress.
That whan tho iicnnlo of any one
of suid rebel states shall have formed a
constitution of government in conform-
ty with tho constitution ol the United
Suites in all respects, framed by a con
vention of delegates cloetcn by the
malu citizens of said State twenty-ono
years old and upward, of whatever race,
color, or previous condition, who havo
boon resident in said Stnto for one year
previous to the day of such election,
oxcept such as run y bo disfranchised
for participation m tho rebellion or for
felony at common law ; and when such
constitution shall provide that tho clee
tiva frnnchiso shall he enjoyed by all
such persons as havo tbo qualifications
herein stated lor electors of delegate ;
and when such constitution sbull be
ratified by a majority of tbo persons
voting on the question of ratification
w ho uro qualified as electors lor dele
gates and when such constitution shall
havo been submitted to Congress tor
examination and approval and Con
gress shall havo approved tho same;
and when said state, by a voto of its
legislature, elected under sum constitu-
tion, shall havo adopted tho amend
meiit to tho constitution of tho United
Stutes proposed by tbo thirty-ninth
Congress anil known as article fbnrtocn;
and when said article shall havo become
a part of tbo constitution of tbo United
Stutes, suid itnle shall bo declared en-
itled to representation in t ongress
and Senators and llepresenlatives shall
bo admitted thcrclrom, on taking the
oaths prescribed by law ; and then and
thereafter the preceding suctions of this
net shall bo inoperative in said stnto :
Pruvidiil, that no person excluded from
tbo privilogo of holding office by said
proposed amendment to tho ronstitu-
ih ol the 1 lilted Mates Khun no eligi
ble as a member of tho convention to
fraiiio a constitution fnrany of the said
rebel states, nor shall any such person
voto tor members of such convention."
Tho ratification of tho fourteenth
amendment, as ono of tho results of
this act and tho two acts suppRMncntuI
thereto, and ot tho proceedings taken
under them, was first announced by
Secretary Seward, on tho 20th of July,
1808, or. about two years alter its sub
mission to the states. Mr. Seward first
enumerates twenty-ono states that bad
ratified the amendment p to April 1st,
1 807, together with lowaand Nebraska,
that ratified it subsequently, thus mak
ing twenty-three in all. Jloalsospoci
fles the alllrmatlvo voto of "newly-constituted
and newly-established bodies
avowing themselves to be and acting
as the Icirislalnrcs respectively of tho
states of Arkansas, Florida, North Cnr
olina, Louisiana, South Carolina, and
Alabama six slates In all carrying
p tbo wbolo number or such
votos, counting tho states, to twenty
mo, which would give tlio required
CLEARFIELD, PA., WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 1, 1875.
tliree-folirths of ull tho states. Ho
further mentions tbo fact that Ohio
and New Jersoy, though they had voted
for the amendment tbo Ibrmer in 1807
and the lutter in 1800, and were count
ed in tbe above statemont, had, never
theless, withdrawn their consent by
resolutions of their rcspoctivo Icgislu
Hires, which, if tho withdrawal bo valid,
would rcduco tbo afflrmativo votes to
twenty-seven, or less than the requisite
number.
The substance of this official state
ment was that, if the withdrawal of
their affirmative votes by Ohio and
Now Jersey was not valid, and if tho
atllrmativo votes of tho "newly consti
tuted and newly established bodies"
calling themselves "legislatures" of tho
six states named woro valid, then tbo
amendment was constitutionally rati
nod; nut II either ol these suppositions
tailed then it was not so ratttiotl, since
oitber would dpfeut it, le . aeet.
change its vote, then tho votes of Ohio
and ew Jereey In favor or the amend
ment should not be counted, theso stutes
having withdrawn their consent prior
to the counting; and in this event the
vote for adoption would not bo that of
three-lourttis ol all tho states. Jt, on
tho othor band, a state cannot change
ita votes, tbon tho votes of Arkansas,
rionda, JSorth Carolina, South. Caro
lina, Louisiana and Alabama, having
been at first against the amendment,
were incapable ot being changed ; and
in this event their subsequent votes
wore a nullity, and hence tbo amend
ment was not ratified. Upon either
supposition it bail tailed of securing
the requisito majority of all tho slates.
Tho statement of 'Secretary Soward
was not satisfactory to Congress, and
hence, ou tbo next day, July, 21, 1808,
a joint resolution was passed by tbo
two houses, enumerating twenty-nine
states as having ratified the amend
ment, declaring it to be "part of tbo
constitution of the United States," and
requiring it to bo "duly promulgated
as such by the secretary of state."-.
This resolution did not change the
facto as previously slated by Secretary
Howard, or his duty as defined by tlio
lawof 1818. Jtso happened, however.
that Georgia ratified tbo amendment
on the very day in which the resolu
tion was passed, though it was not in
cluded in the enumeration by Congress,
the fact not being then officially cer
tified. Seven days aftor the joint resolution
of Congress and eight days after bis
first publication namely, J uly 28,1808
Secretary Soward, in obedicnco to
the order of Congress, made a second
official statement. Hociting the law
of 1818, which requires tho sccretarj
of state to protnnlgnto tho ratification
of nmendincnts adopted "according to
tbo provision of the constitution," also
the amendment as proposed in 180U
and tbe joint resolution of Congress of
July 21, 1808, and declaring that "no
tico had bcon received at tho depart
ment of stato that tho legislatures of
tho several stutes next hcreinnller
named have, at tho times herein re
spectively mentioned, taken the pro
ceedings hereinafter recited upon or in
relation to tho ratification of tho said
piTnjfrD,l ni.iomtiutj.it, iall.nl u.Uilc
fourteen," bo gavo a statemont of tbo
voting upon tlio amendment by tho
legislatures of tbo several states, and
then, na directed to do by Congress,
eortifiod to its adoption as "a part of
tho constitution of tho United States."
Ho does not answer for all ot these
"proceedings" or decluro all of them to
bo regular, but simply puts himself
upon tbo joint resolution of Congress,
passed eight days before.
According to this final statement,
we have twenty-five states that had
voted for tho amendment and fivostates
that had voted against it without any
subsequent change in oither class; two
stales namely, Ohio and New Jersey
that, having at first voted for it, sub
sequently recalled their voto; and three
stulcs namely, Ucorgia, North Caro
lina and South Carolina that, having
at first rejected the amendment, mil
lied it after being reconstructed under
tho acts of March and July, 1807.
Only three of tho so-called rebel states
now reported as voting for tho amend
ment after their reconstruction by Con-
gross aro reported as having voted
against it ; whereas it had boen rejected
by ten of theso stales up to April 1st.
1867. Counting, then, tho twonty-flvo
stntcs thut had voted for tbo amend
ment, and adding the five statos that
had voted both ways, as givon in this
statemont, and considering them all to
bo affirmative, wo havo, aa tho rosult,
thirtv ratifvitio states when Sncrctjirr
Seward published his final certificate.
This, being mora than throe-fourths of
ull tho states, was sufficient to adopt
tho amendment "according tn tbo pro
visions of tbo constitution, if tbo "pro
ceedings" or measures procuring tbo
result wcro constitutionally valid.
Looking now at a constitutional
question ill respect to tbo reconstruc
tion measures of Congress by which
this ratification was secured, wo aro
struck, in tbo first place, with tho fact
thut seven of tho so-called rebel states,
whoso legislatures, as then organized,
had voted in the summer and autumn
of 1805 for the thirteenth amendment,
and without tho counting of whose
votos It was not ratified at all, had
their state governments swept into
non-oxiBteiioo and were placed for tho
time being nndor military governments
by tho reconstruction acts of March,
1807. If theso states woro competent
in 180D to voto on an amendment to
tho constitution, if they diil vote for
tbo thirteenth amendment, and if by
their vote, in connection with thot of
othor states, it was constitutionally rat
ified, then they wcro at tho timo in tbo
union, bud "lawful stnto governments,"
and were in a condition to exercise
their Bovoreignty in accenting or re
jecting an amendment to tun constitu
tion of tho United Slates. This neces
sarily follows from tbe constitutional
validity of their ratifying action.
What, then, had occurred between the
summer and autumn of 1805 and March,
1807, to givo Congress tho ritthl to dis
possess these stato governments that
were sufficiently legal to ratify an
amendment and reconstruct them tie
novnt There was no renewal of tho
rebellion, no resistance to tho laws of
tbo United Statos, and no destruction
of tho stato governments in oxislcnco
and in action when the thirteenth
amendment was ratified. The simple
truth is that nothing bad occurred to
change the constitutional slaliisol these
states from what it was when their
legislatures ratified this amendment.
Their condition in March, 1807, con
sidered constitutionally, was precisely
what it was when their votes helped
to put the thirteenth amendment into
tho fundamental law of the land.
In tho next placo we are struck with
tho fact that Congress, by the recon
struction act of March ana July, 1867,
exorcised a power in respect to tho
elective franchiso which it certainly
did not possess under the constitution
of tho United Slates. It provided, in
effect, Hint the delegates to tho conven
PRINCIPLES, NOT MEN.
tions that wore to framo now constitu
tions tor these stales should bo elected
by "tbe male citituns twenly-ono years
old anil upward, of wbatovor raco. color
or previous condition," und that tbe
stt'itio persons should vote on tbe ques
tion of ratifying those constitutions.
Now, tho fuel being admitted that these
slates wore Btates, and not mcro terri
toriesand if thoy woro not such they
could not have participated in tho rati
fication of the thirteenth amendment
then Congress had no more power
to uo tuis man i iiau to provide that
women and minors should voto. Tbo
constitution, as it then stood and as it
now stands, gives Conitress no author
ity to determine who shall exorcise the
elective lrunculso iu tbo sovoral states,
Tho supreme court of tbe United States.
in the rocent caso of Mrs. Minor, suid:
"Tho United Sttitot has no voters and
no one can voto for federal without be.
lua ..miwfMi . " ' ' "
The 'qualification which create this
competency to voto for atato oflicors
do not lull within the jurisdiction oil
I ongress at all ; and, hence, any leuis-
lution by Congress that purports to de
fine theso qualifications is unconstitu
tional. In the third place, the reconstruc
tion act oi aiarcn, jbo , wnno uestiny
iugten stato govern menu and provid
ing for the creation of ten othors. de
clares that no one of tbo stutus involved
sbull bo represented in Congress with
out previously rattlying tbe fourteenth
amendment.- To this leuturo there are
two constitutional objections. Tho
first is that, if a state bo competent to
voto upon an amendment at all, it hns
tbo right by tbe constitution to bo rep
resented iu Congress, and Congress
cannot, without violating tho constitu
tion, mako tbe onjoynieiit ol that right
dependent upon its acccplunco of au
amendment. If a slate has the power
to accept, it has the same power to ro-
jecL lo submit an amendment with
tho provision that it must bo accepted
as tlio condition of representation is
constitutionally absurd. Tbe other ob
jection is thut tlio constitution makes
each house of Congress the exclusive
and final "judgo of tho elections, ro
turns, and qualifications of its own
members ;" and lionce, no law passed
by the two houses can havo tho least
authority over tho direction of either
houso. Tho act is, moreover, exposed
to tbo further objection of asking a
stato to voto upon an amendment and
at tho same timo putting it in the con
dition of rftfrVM, which is a virtual coer
cion to voto in a certain way, wholly
inconsistent with ita right to accept or
reject tbo amendment. It is the dic
tation of Congress, against the entiro
spirit and letter of tbe constitution.
In tho fimrth placo, tho act makes
the right of representation in Congress
dependent not merely upon voting for
me loiineenio amendment, but also
upon its adoption by the requisito
number oi States. An affirmative voto.
in order to secure representation, must
be accompanied by a sufficient number
ol such votes to ratily tho amendment.
rhero is not a syllable in the con
stitution which givos to Congress tho
powor to a.ij eircl, condition. A
rH(tW tllltt CUII VUIO Ull mi, M..,vi,Ui..Ulll.
has the right of representation in
Congress, no matter which way it
votes, or. how other Statos voto, or
whether the amendment bo adopted or
not.
Filially, tho proviso of tbo act de
clares that "no person excluded from
Hie privilege oi Holding otlico by the
suid proposed amendment to the con
stitution of tbo United States shall bo
eligiblo to election as tho member of a
convention lo framo a constitution for
any ot tlio said rebel Suites, nor shall
any such persons voto for members of
such convention." That is to say, in
lnii"i English, Congress, in part, at
least, makes tho amendment practi
calty operative heforo it is adopted,
and so far enacts it by its own author
ity. Why, then, go through the tbrm
of adopting it at all? AVhy not es
tablish all its provisions by congres
sional legislation?
W o submit this history und theso
brief comments in illustration of tho
remarks of Judgo Cooley qnotod in tho
commencement of this article. The
fourteenth amendment in its coutenta
is right; but in tho mot boils adopted
by Congress to securo its ratification
hardly anything on constitutional
grounds can bo more objectionable,
Justified theso methods cannot bo ex
cept upon that theory of noccsBily
which overrides all constitutions and
all laws. Let them novcr bo quoted
as precedents. Accepted ns Buch,lhcy
would put it in tho power of Congress
lo do anything it pleases with tho
States and with their governments.
lmkjtendtnt.
TJIEUKFA f.CA TIOX EPIDEMIC.
Almost every passing day brings its
story of some fresh defalcation in nublic
or private trust, und tho multitude ot
business fuilures often present tbo most
painful exhibitions of perfidy in the
dealings of men with each other. What
wo thoughtlessly call an epidemic ia so
but in namo, for it is only tbo logical
result of a long tolerated vicious system
of business that is now just ripening its
harvest of disaster and sbnme It is
not hcoauso people have suddenly be
como dishonest, hut becnusotho neces
sities of the times mako It impossible
longer to hide dishonesty, and throws
upon tbo surtiico of society tho hideous
sores that have gradually reached to
ward tho vitals until tho pollution can
no longer bo concealed. No section of
the country, no class of citisons havo
escaped Ihtscrimo. It has stained the
pulpit and tho altur, tho inner temples
of political power, tho sanctuaries of
our corporate trusts, tho privato busi
ness circles wbcro men meet fuco to
face, and in all it has planted its sin
and wrought Its desolation. ur daily
columns aro scarcely complete without
this seasoning for tho leaders of tho
world's passing lessons, and distrust
comes with its Inn-rid spectres to par
alyr.o confidence and business. Who
or what will next receive tbo blow is
tbo inquiry of every ono who must
trust his fellow iu tlio transactions of
lile, and often the most innocent aro
homo down by unspoken and un
just suspicion, while tbe most guilty
eommanil tho connueuce ol thoao who
sooner or later must bo their victims.
Men aro no holier and noworso now
than they havo been for ages past
Occasions may bo mndo favorable to
tbo growth of fraud, but men are
neither more nor less than men,
whether of this or any other ago of onr
civilisation. In tides of severe ex
actions, when profligacy is shunned
because its retribution is patent to all,
we find honesty hand in hand with
economy ; but when speculation sweeps
a tidal wave over any people Its evils
linger after its currents, have receded
to its legitimate channels again. Fif
teen years ago the people ot this coun
try were nnsetlled in all their business
rules by the unnatural revolutions of
a gigantic civil war. While it devel-
REPUBL
oped the sublimest attributes ot sacri
fice and patriotism, it also quickened
cupidity and sieculation to a flood
tide. Money was auporabundant, bo
cause the government itself wus di-
l-ectly or indiroctly tho great market
tor tho products of our industries, and
the steady and often rapid growth of
vatues uowntiereu men with tho meas
ure of our profits, Fortuno, usuully
so fickle and faithless to her wooers,
lavishes nor lavors upon all classes, and
tbe demoralization that surrenders
patient, productive industry for tbe
tnnii oi groouy speculation, permeated
every artery of trade and almost oven-
class of men. Extravaganco, ever tho
nancimaiu ol easily acquired wealth,
grow into monstrous proportions and
powor, and just aa profligacy widened
and deepened, honesty and fair-dealing
were dwarfed and crippled. Venturem
woro comparatively safe for profits
weeMMm,l iw!ttll, HUtl lllti lUi-
pest had an easy task to make men
appropriate what thoy did not own
boeuuse of tho ability to restore, by
some turn of fortune was not doubted.
Tho rich mado vulgar display of their
riches, and the subordinates caught
tho contucion of their masters. To
speculate, to display, to swell the
throng of pretenders in social lile, and
to win the fume of tho clever and suc
cessful, controlled the currents of am
bition, and who of thoso started on
such a plan could take pause at the
proper moment and snvo themselves?
At last tho season of reckoninir has
como, and how many are utterly
unprepared for it the world will not
know until tho bottom of depression
shall havo been reached, and lirosncri-
ty is founded again on tho ruins of
spceuintive madness. Many defalca
tions were mado apparent when the
tide of reduction in values set in, and
many more have struggled from day to
day and month to mouth, usually in
volving themselves deeper with each
effort to retriovo thmselvos, and aro
now completing tho circle of our husi.
liens misfortunes, as they follow each
othor in quick succession in exposure
to the public. These are but tbo logical
results of the unavoidable departure
from sound business principles enforced
by an unnatural war, and not until the
restoration to honest production and
just compensation will such disasters
ccaso. It is reasonable to hope that
tho soro lessons ot revulsion aro well
nigh complcto, and that tho country
may Boon start alresh on a basis of
enduring prosperity ; and if so, the
epidemic of defalcation must sKcdily
end Its mission. I'hila. Timet.
the suMMhiPrniE rTssox.
Wo havo arrived at tbo blissful sea
son of tho year set apart for tho an-
poarance uon the pluttbrms of railroad
depots, in steamboato and stago coach
es, ol sleek complacoiitgenlloincn,with
high-buttoned vests, linen dusters and
dchonnairo slouch bats. They ara
ministers of tho gosiel going to enjoy
iiicirvucuuons at some pleasant seaside
resort or in somo Itttlo quiet country
village wbcro perhaps in their early
youlb tkey abV,
k4 m liutim ana ui.ob
on his travels to attempt tci conceal his
luentiiy ; his profession is written on
every lineament of his features, is vis
in tho placid smile ho constantly wears,
in tho delicato whiteness of his hands,
and, if ho ho a Benedict, in tho majestic
carriago of his admiring spouse. Wait
ers, portoi-s, coachmen and hsok driv
ers instinctively recognizo him and
sigh when ho cnguges their services,
knowing full well that be is a clover
financier, and will not be bullied or coax
ed out of one cent more than tho legit
iniale fare or too. Ilia congregation
has kindly determined that he needs
rest and relaxation from bis arduous
duty of preaching salvation and do
pravity twice a week and paying pas
toral visits, so they have made up a
purso for him and he goes to econom
ically distribute their ducats fur away
from tho busy hum of tbo city. His
flock will not miss him much, for tho
major portion of it havo become scat
tered about tho country, at fashionablo
watering places and summer resorts,
and tbo lew who cannot ullord to
follow tho custom of tho wealthy must
fain bo content with tho ministrations
of a straugo shepherd employed pro
torn.
It is amusingto note tho holiday par
son's struggle to appear recklcsBlv
jolly ; how strenuously ho endeavors tv
induce us to behove that he is the
most cureless and fi-oo of mortals, and
how strangely ho fuils, for an expletive
IVom tbo stugo-coach driver directed
at a balky leader causes his mouth to
becomo rigid and a shocked expression
to 8tcul over his amiablo countenance.
On tho croquet lawn at tho country
hold tho vacation minister conies out
especially strong, tor bis mild jokes aro
appreciated by tho ladies, and tho
game is one that may fairly bo classified
as quilo innocent and harmless. Fre
quently ho may be noticed ujion the
grassy bank of sumo winding nvor, rod
in hand, and then the members ol the
finny tribe are in grunt danger, ibr
when a parson gneth anirlinif the odds
aro in favor ol tho larder autl against
uio 11811.
Tho clergymen of to-day ditTcrs very
inii'-h tl-om tbo poor, aualoua, over
worked curate or circuit-rider of twen
ty years ago. If ho be a favorite
preacher aud his church ia a rich one,
lie can afibrd to take a trip to Eurono,
California, Florida or any of tho show
placos of tho world ; a week's retiro
inont at some sequestered farm-house
was tbo only holiday of tho year the
old-time pastor could obtain. Hut the
clergy nowadays are mora delicate
than their predecessors in tho pulpit,
and when summer comes they are
subject lo all kinds of ailments, from
hay-lever up to bronchitis, which
necessitate a change of ait and rost
from their labor of saving souls. Many
of thorn prove excellent company on a
long journey, keenly appreciative of
tho ludicrous, living storehouses of
anecdote, and fluent talkers; but some
times tho vacation parson proves a
terrible wet-blanket at a merry-making,
especially if ho be of tho Chadband
stripe, and deems all pleasure, unions
of the most sedate description, the.
pastimo of the ungodly.
When the Indian summer is ending,
and tho gorgeous leaves aro rustling
down to earth to rot beneath the
winter's snows, the churches will grow
populous again, tho collection plate
will ones more go merrily round, and
the vacation pastor, stout and Sun
burned, will resume his plane in the
pulpit anil grow poetical over tho
bvRuties of nature aa soon in his travels.
And very likely he will exhibit a
tendency to preach about the lovoliness
of l'aradiso and neglect mention of tbe
sulphurous cavity where Satan sways
his sceptre, until the yule log burns to
the and irons ami frosty weather makes
tho idea of a place) in which a high
rata of temperature is always main
tained rather pleasant than othorwiM.
'hiln. Timrt.
NEW
TEE GOOD WIFE.
.Courgo Brown at the ago of twenty
thrco look himself a wile; or rather,
he and llnttio took one another for
belter or for worse. But then they
know it was going to be for bettor, al
ways, and never worse. How could it
bo otherwise, when tbev understood
each othor so well ? They bad mar
ried young, and they had but little of
this world s goods to commence witu ;
but they bad health and strength, and
they were going to work together, and
build them up a home of their own in
timo, '
"Wo will be very saving," said Hat
tie, "and, in tbe end, we may reach the
goal." The goal was tbe home which
thoy wore to own. "We shall not
scrimp nor deny ourselves of necessary
comforts ; but wo will do without lux
uries. "' By thus economising in the
morning, eve may and a storo to spar a
in the evening. Mnrrey ia like time, -
an uonr gaineu in toe oany uay is a
great thing, while an hour lost may
not be regained."
Ueorge saw and understood, and be
was aa eager as was his wife. Ho was
determined to put all bis energies into
the -work, and, in the future, he saw
fore shadowed promises most bright.
Ho bad taken of his undo a small
house, which be was to psy for when
he was able. Ho had no doubt that
he should be ablo to pay two hundred
dollars a year on it ; and, at this rate,
as his kind relative had ottered the bar
gain, tbo property would be his own in
six years.
"(ioorgo," asked llattie, one evening,
at the tea table, "what do you pay Ibr
this tea?"
"I declare, Hattio, I don't know. I
don't believe I asked."
"What! Did you not ask r '
"No. I have every confidence in
Mr. Skidd. He is a perfectly honora
ble man." !
"But did you not pay for it ?"
"No; 1 havo opened an account
there." llattie shook ber head disap
provingly, iioorgo saw tho motion,
and went on : .
"You know that I am paid monthly,
and 1 thought it would ho just as well
to keep a monthly account at tbe store.
Mr. Skidd himself preferred that plan."
"1 can readily ace why Mr. Skidd
should prefer it," said the wife, with a
significant smtlo. "In the first placo,
bo knowa that you are an industrious,
steady and honorable man, aud thut
whatever you owe you will certainly
pay. llo knows that."
Ueorge was nattered, but bo felt that
his wile had spoken no more than tho
truth.
And," pursued llnttio, "bo knows
ono thing more. He well knows that
you would buy more on Credit titan
you would lor cash.
beorgo mado a deprecatory motion,
out nis who coniiniivu :
"Mr. Skidd knows. Ho is old in tho
busmoss. Over his profitable custom
era, who open monthly accounts npon
his ledger, he has decided advantages.
Ho can persuade them to buy whal
nicy wouiu not ouy n tltcy bad u
ute vnnu uuv.ll, anu, nuvru till-'
lo bapa euMdit wLo.o tit tern jmai in to
have the extra labor and expense of
entering and posting each separate ar
ticle, ami, in the end, of making a full
bill of items tho buyer cannot, with a
good conscience, demand any reduction
from asked prices."
(ioorgo smiled and said he thought
his wifo was mistaken. He was euro
ho was doing well. It would be in
convenient to pay for each little article
oa lie ordered it. Aud, turthermoro,
it would bo handier to seltlo the storo
bills when his employers settled with
him. ' '
llattie did not press the matter.
She had brought tho subject upon the
tapis, and she was willing to await tho
development of events.
"By the way, Mr. Brown, do you
not waul a box of theso figs ? They
are fresh; 1 will warrant them, und by
tho box 1 will put them up cheap."
So spako Mr. Skidd, tbo storekeeper.
(ioorgo know that his wifo was very
fond of figs, and he loved them him
self. And he consented that n box
should bo sent to him.
On another day, Mr. Skidd suid:
"Ah, Mr. Brown, my dear fellow, have
you tried this golden ayrup?"
ueorgo bad not tried tho syrup I
Tho best quality of molasses bad hith
erto answered his purpose But lie
was permitted lo try It.
On another day: "Look hero, Brown
shall 1 send a doscn of these Messina
oranges?" A now cargo Just como in.
You won't got 'em so cheap again.
Only thirty cento."
Only thirty cents I AndGeorgo knew
how fond Hattio was of oranires. Of
course Oeorgo Brown would havo them.
And so the days passed on, and the
month canto to an end. l.eorge Brown
was paiil by bis employers, and set at
onco about paying others, on bis way
home ho called and got Mr. Skidd's bill.
'You can take and look it ovor,"
said the trader, with a patronizing
smile ; "you'll find it all right."
(ioorgo bad intended to pay tbo bill
then and thoro ; but, when he saw the
long column of figures, and glanced his
eyes at the total, his heart leaped up
into his month. ' llo was astonished.
He had thought to himself, as he had
come along, that Skidd s bill would bo
about twovlo to fifteen dollars. After
paying everything elso, ho would havo
twenty dollars left, which would satisfy
this last demand, and lesvo something
ovor. He had just commenced house
keeping, and did not expect to save
mucu at lirst.
But, mercy, how all his anticipations
wcro knocked in pieces as ho looked at
tbe bill. Ho told Skidd he guessed he
would look it over: and on his way
homeward ho examined it ; ho could
find nothing wrong in tho items but
tbo sum total was s posor twenty-six
dollars and forty-two cents.
For a long time after bo had reached
borne lie tried to convince Hattio that
nothing was the matter wilh him ; but
at length he plucked tin courage, and
drew lorth Skidd s bill. Ho bad ex
pected that his wife would be paralysed.
But, on tbe contrary, she only smiled,
and said it was all right.
"All right? echoed doorge.
"All right, so far as Mr. Skidd is con
cerned," said Hattio. "You remember
what 1 told yon once before; and now
let's sit down and eat supper, and then
we will look tho msttor ovor."
And after suppor they went at the
work, llattie taking tit bill and a piece
of blank paper, anu following all the
items with her pencil.
"First," she said, "is a box of figs at
fifteen cents a pound. It was very
cheap, no doubt, but tbo eight pounds
camo to a dollar and twenty con is.
Had you boon required to pay cash,
you would not have bought tliem.
Vott would, at least, have asked me if
1 liked them, and I should havo told
you No. Next we have a gallon of
golden syrup, which wo did not need
and for which yon would not havo
TCAN
TEKMS-S2 per uroum in Advance.
SERIES - VOL. 10, NO. 34.
puid cash without consulting mo." ,
And so she went on throwing out
urticles and cutting down the bill to
less than fifteen dollars.
A dollar here had not seemed a e-rcat
deal lo (ioorgo ; and adollarand dollar
und a hull there; thou seventy nvocento;
and then only fifty cents; but there
had been twenty visits to tho store
during the month, and tho aggrcgato of
these trival Bums was considerable.
George saw the wholo tiling, and be
knew his wife had been right from the
nrst. , .
"Don't say a word," ho said. "1 see
the mistake. Hut I'll have to work
around into the right track by degrees,"
jiow so, ueorifo r
"Why, 1 haven't money enouirh left
oi my month a wuges to quite pay Ibis
bill, so that 1 shall bo unable to enter
upon the cash principlo at present."
-"There need be no difficulty iu that
lircvtiun," eoiol UaMiev "1 baro not
spent auite all niv little canitnl. T bu.l
ulready fixed it for u bit of a nest egg ;
and 1 don't know as it could be put to
a oeiter use man me laying oi a loun
dation for cash payments. At any
rate, fjcorge, lot us try it for a while."
(icorgo kissed his wife and said she
was a Mossing, and be promised that
he would follow her advice in tho future.
He took the sum of money which she
nan to give and held it a loan, which
be was to return at tbo oariiest mo
ment; aud he fell an ambition, too. to
see how spce lily bo could do it.
And ou Monday morning tho new
rule of life went into operation, (ieo.
urown paid Mr. Skidd i bill, and told
bim that thereafter he should pay for
everything ho bought. Tho storekeep
er "poob-pooh'd," and said there was
no need ol it.
"Bless you, my boy, I'd as lief trust
you as not.
'1 do not doubt it, Mr. Skidd, but 1
prefer not to bo trusted. 1 would
rulhcr consume my own groceries than
constimo yours. A bill is an ortl at
best, and 1 don t chose to have evils
growing on my hands if 1 can holp it."
Mr. Skidd saw very plainly that his
customer's vision was clear, and be
said no more.
On the evening of that very Monday,
Mr. Skidd exhibited to Ueorge somo
oxtra moo preserve, and the young
mini's fii-st impulse was to order a pot
of them; but tho tnkiiic- out
of Ins
wallet and tho breaking of a five dollar
bill was a palpable reminder, and he
concluded lie could do without them.
Suid ho to himself, '-those seemingly
trivial sums, if 1 save them, will, at tho
ond of tho month, add up aa greatly in
my favor as thoy havo heretofore ad
ded up against me." .
And he found it so. And be found
one thing uioro in his favor from cash
payments which ho had not particu
larly counted on. As ho had the money
in hand to pay for tho articles which
he had planned to purchase, he could
buy them where ho could get tho cheap
est. Traders aro not willing to lose
cash customers ; and they do only tho
fair thing when they sell such a custo
mer cheaper than they sell to others.
-oi. pjtiv is rnc imci-nui." .-.....n.t.
an ihiKirtanl lletn inlho aggrcgato of
many uccnums, out l lie Keeping ol tuat
account, in day-book and ledger, is an
expense. Oeorgo very soon learned all
this; and ho found that cvon Mr.
Skidd sold cheaper to him during this
month ot cash payments than ho had
during tho previous month.
And, as tho months rolled on, (icorgo
Brown opened no more accounts with
traders. Ho found that, in pavinir
cash, bo .was constantly reminded of
mo vaiuo oi each sepcrato sum as be
counted it out, and hence was not likely
10 purcnaso what ho did not need.
And then he bad a goal ahead which
ho had determined to reach as ouicklv
as possible ; and, by his systoni of cash
payments, bo could estimate, at tho
closo of every day, tho gain ho was
making toward tho desired end. In
two months he paid what he borrowed
from bis wifo, and she put it into tho
common fund ; and in five years his
uome was Ins own, and bo owed no
man anything but for love and irood
will.
THE A OE OF A HOUSE.
l'erhaps tho follow inir directions.
which we find going tbo rounds of tho
press, go rather moi-o into detail than
is necessary for general nso, bat they
aro in tho main correct. Kvon the
most experienced experts, if they are
honest, prulcss only to fix a horse s age
approximately. Tho following-rules
must therefore bo taken with duo al
lowance for variation in individuals :
Tbo colt in born with twolve grind
ers. hon four front teeth have
mado their appearance, the colt Is
twclvo days old; and when tho next
lour comes forth, It Is four weeks old.
When the corn tooth appear, tbo colt
is oight months old, and when the lat
ter have attained the height of tbo
front teeth, it is one year old.
1 ho two years colt has tbo korncl
the dark substance in tho middle of
tho tooth's crown ground out of all
the front teeth.
In tho third year tho middle front
teeth are being abided, and when throe
ears old these are substituted lor the
orse teeth. The next four teeth are
shitted in the fourth year, aud the cor
ner teelh in tho filth.
At six years the kernel is worn out
of tho middle front teeth, and tho
hrulle teeth havo now attained to their
lull growth.
At seven years a book has bocu
formed on the corner teeth of tho up
per jaw ; tbo kernel of tho teeth next
to tlio middle fronts is worn out, and
tho bridle teeth begin to wear off.
At eight years of age tho kernel is
worn out of all tho lower front teeth,
and begins to decrease in tbo middle
upper fronts.
In the ninth year the kernel has
wholly disappeared from tho upper
middle front teeth, tho hook on the
corner tooth has increased ih sise as
the bridle teeth lose their points.
In tho tenth year tho kernel has
worn out of the teeth next to tlio mid
dle fronts of the upper jaw ; and in the 1
eleventh your tho kernel lias entirely '
vanished from the corner teeth of tlio I
same jaw
At twclvo years old, tbe crowns of
all tho front teeth in the lower jaw
havo become triangular, and tbo bridlo
teeth are much worn down. Aa the
horso advances in ago, tho gums shrink
away from the tooth, which conse
quently rcccivo a long, narrow appear
ance, anil their kernels havo metamor
phosed into a darkish point, and
numerous gray hairs appear in the
forehead.
A young man in Lancaster sent a
dollar to a firm in Now York who ad
vertised a receipt to nrcvent bad
dreams. Ho received a small slip of
.,n.W,K .... M I. Inl- HI ,. 'I I
,ii. v., ui. mm,., new. imiiiivu, imo .
gu iu nic-p.
Something that ought to be put
down carpets.
MOODY AXJ) SAXKEY.
li.niui li... ....!!.. II...I r
w ..i.MK, niii n ..u enani-il iroril
Livorpoolon tlio -1th of August, arrived
siuoiy in new lorn, uuu win soon io
mull. li.r w.li.lr . ..i a 1.1a ui.ln ..I' .1... A.
Inn I ic. The II: i ill J gives the following
sketches ol them :
I wight L. Moody is a Now Eng
ender, born in -1837, and brought up
in the' Unitarian faith. When about
17 VMM Ixt .... llA Wall. ... II. . r.
.. JWM1BW. .v ... nv.,. ... .Mm,!,,, 1 II
obtain employment in a shoe store,
1 I. .. ..... .... l. i i .i . '
ami uuing uurauiuti uue nuouatu even,
ing to )r. Kirk's Church tho sermon
thut he heard mado bim feel very tip.
comfortable, and ho resolved never to
?o there again, or to any other church,
lo went there, however, the next
Sabbath evening, and Locarno impress.
ou wilu the truths ol religion.- Miorlly
afterwards he lull Boston Ibr Chicago
to enter into business. Horo he taught
in a mission Sunday school, collecting
his pupils from tho streets, and tlio
school, which, when ho first went
thoro, had twelve teachers and sixteen
pupils, became one of t ho most flourish
ing schools of its kind iu the city, und
overflowing wilh pupils. His success
encouraged him to hire a ball, which,
in like manner, ho soon filled with
children. He mado it as attractive as
possible with pictures, illuminated
texts and cheerful music. Then it waa
that he conceived tho idea of instruct
ing this motloy gathering of Germans,
Swiss and other foreigners from the
Bible, and before he was aware of it
he was a pastor aud bad gathered a
church about him. Ilia work so
multiplied on his hands that he was
compelled to give up his secular busi
ness and devote himself to the minis
try. When the rebellion broke out in
Ibbl, ajtd Cbloago. like New York. .
wm firacd into military cauiD. Mr.
Muudj; Interested lilmsoirfn the spirit
ual welfare of the recruits, and went
daily to tho encampment to distribute
ti-ucu and bibles. When, in the early
part of tho wor, the Christian Com.
mission waa established, he was mndo
prosidentof tbe West branch. He made
several visits to the seat of war. In
his operations in tho field bo waa
greatly aided by O. O. Howard.
hen tbe war closed ho settled
down again to his work in Chicago. "
Twico he was bumcd out, but after
tho great fire of 1871 ho bad a teniK
rary building erected and ready for
occupation. A Bbort timo bclbro the
fire
IBA D. BANKIY,
a Methodist, a nntivo of Edinburg, Pa.,
and son of Hon. David Sankoy, of West
Newcastle, tbon 31 years of ago, began
to work with Moody. At a conven
tion of the Young Men's Christian As
sociation, hold at Indiunuolis, Ind., in
1871, tho two Kvangelists met for tho
first time as delegates to that body.
Sankey had been brought up by re
ligious parents, and at 10 years of age
(1850,) be cmlirnced religion, and, jio.
scsiiig a sweet voice, he made sacred
music bis especial study and took
great interest in the Sunday school
singing. At the Indianapolis conven
tion hiB charming voice attracted the
attention of Mr. Moody, and they
formed an engagement to labor to
gether in Chicago, and from this time
lorth, they became steadfast friends
and religious co-workors.
A characteristic story is told of
Moody, to whom an Enirhsh eentleman
offered 1,000. Ho dochncd it, sayinr.
"Not yours, but voti." Durinir their
absence in England their friends in
Chicago have gone forward in the
erection of a church building which
win contain 2.SUU people, in which
they will doubtless soon preach.
PRECOCITY OF THE JERSEYS
AS BREEDERS.
Samuel Johnson of Dowairiac. Cass
county, Michigan, writes in tlio Mieh
iqan Farmer : "I have a Jersey heifer,
Hr, ,.,.,, I i..:l Oil. lo-n .
uer nrst can June Dili, 18.4, or when
a little Ices than ftfurlvcti mouths old,
her second calf March 19th, 1875, and
waa bred tbo third time May 12th, all
in a littlo less than 25 months. And
yet with this strain there wore few
two year-olds that will excel her
as a butter producingcow. I mako this
statement knowing whoreof 1 affirm,
as tho heifer has been mine since ber
birth."
Tho above suggests an interest
ing query whether this precocious
brooding has not improved tho natural
capacity of this cow for milk and but
ter. Certainly a heifer which dropped
hor first calf wbon less than fourteen
months old never had much chance
to acquire a tendency to fat. Hor milk
glands must have begun to enlarge al
most before she ceased to be a calf,
and an uninterrupted period of milking
for more than a year must havo given
them as much sizo as tho animal was
capable of acquiring. Such rapid
breeding must injure tbo sizo of the
cow, and unless occupied with extra
good feoding may have seriously dam
aged ber for life. It is probably well
to let a boiler intonded for tho dairy to
have ber first calf as early as possible,
then feed liberally with nutricious and
especially with succulent food, to in
crease the flow of milk. But do not
breed again in a hurry. Feed tbo
heiter so as to continuo the flow of
milk as long as possible, and if she
shows a tendency to fatten give her
more succulent and milk producing
food. In this way the health of tho
cow will he maintained and she will
attain larger size without effecting her
capacity as a milker. Too rapid breed
ing must oo injurious to the constitu
tion of a very young cow, which needs
much of its nutriment to enlarge and
harden ita own framo rathor than to
form a now one.
Tho ponplo of the Channel Islands
havo long been accustomed to breeding
heifers early, and wo presume they
also breed them rapidly. Do not these
farts suggest an explanation alike of
tho precocity of the Jorsey breed of
rattle, their small size and superiority
for milk and butter? The character
istics of individual animals becomo im
pressed oro long on the breed.
Human Nature. A Detroit com-
mercial traveler walked down tho aisle
of a passenger coach tho other day,
having on an outlandish linen duster
and an old straw hat, and seven women,
who bad seals by themselves, piled
their hagi;ai;o on tbo snare half and
looked out of tho window to avoid see.
ing Intn. Whilo ho was sitting on the
wood box and chewing tho bitter cud
of reflection a man with a brass watch
chain anil a threo dollar set of glass
diamonds entered tbo car, and six of
the women lifted their satchels down
and moved closo up lo the side of the
car. Such tilings are not right, but
Ihey always will be.
An exchango says: If the World
newspaper wishes Democratic success
in Pennsylvania this fall, and tho
breaking tip of the 1 reasury miff at
Harrisburg, it will bo good enough to
cease its malignant attacks upon thoso
w ho aro working iu harmony lo ar
complish that end. We tear tho
World has mistaken its mission, and
undertaken, too heavy a job, when it
sou itself tip as a regulator in Slate
contest. 'J. ha Democrats west of tho
Delaware understand how to manage
thoir own affairs a good deal better
than a New York newspaper can teach
them.
A country editor cannot be as bold
and independent ia his paper as his
city brother, llo has to collect his
own BulMtcription, and almost every
person in the country keeps a doc.
7 J... X-
jiinirmy iiree,
"I come to steel." as ih rat observed
to lbs trap. "And 1 spring to embrace
yon," as the trap replied to the rat.