THE
" CLEARFIELD IEPUBLICAV
ruautaBB sraair WaOBBBUAT, BV
GetOotUB 8. UOODLAMOBH,
CLEARFIELD, PA.
B1TABLIIIIED IN I8S1.
the largeet ClreaiaUoa efauy Newspaper
In North Ceatral Psaasy.vauuu
Termi of Subaoription.
If paid In adronoe, or wIlhlB I Booth OO
(I pold oner J end boron t month . II SO
(f poid oiler tho olplrotioa of I moathi... OO
Batei ot Advertising.
rrniiiient advortloeroenta, per aqaaroof 10 linoaor
leu, I time, or lot 1 tl
Poronuh anbaeqaontlaeertioa ... M
l.hntnlrtrntore' inl Kfeoatriro'notieaOM...... I SI
Aadltora' notieeo H HM .... t li
Centinna and Rilraya. H I It
IMaaolotlon notice! t OB
Profoieionat Oordt, I HnM or leae,l year...- I SI
Local aotteea. per lino IB
YKAltLY ADVERTISEMENTS.
I Uoro. ...So M I eoloinn.. St
I i.iuarM .It 10 ( column. to
I auueroe 10 AO oolomn. -..Ho
QEORUB B. QOODLANDER.
Editor ead Poblleker.
Uardl
THOI. I. XUBBir.
crans sobdob.
MURRAY & GORDON,
ATT 0R NETS AT LAW,
MO'74 CLEARFIELD, PA.
FRANK FIELDING,
ATTORNKY-ATLAW,
CleorOeld, Pa.
Will ottood to oil bailee, entreated to bio
pioiaptly Odd hltbrolljr. aorll'IJ
WILU1B A. UUCI. " 0ATIB L. IBBBt.
Dinar r. wallacb. jobb w. waiaLsr.
WALLACE A. KREBS,
(Suioeeeore to Wollaoe a Pieldiog.)
ATTORNEYS-AT-LAW,
IMJ7 Clearfield, Pa.
A. G. KRAMER,
ATTOBNEY-AT-LAW,
Root Batata nod Colloetloo Agent,
CLEAKKIBI.D, PA..
Will promptly ottood to oil legal boiloou ta
tro.ud tu bit core.
dr-OBoe lo Fi.'l Opera Ilooio, teooad loor.
eprU l-lni
po.-rn i. afasAur. babibi w. s'orsor.
MoENALLY tie MoCUBDY,
ATTORN EYS-AT-LAW,
Clearfield, Pa.
4r-Legal booineaa attended lo promptly with
Idelily. Olloc oa tioeood olroot, oboro tbo Flrrt
National Book. Jan:li74
G. R. BARRETT,
Attornit and Counselor at Caw,
clkarpikld, pa.
HovlOK mlgned bit Judgeship, hat roioaiod
the prattioe of tbo low la kla old ofllee ot Cleer
I I, Pa. Will oltond tbo eoorte of Jenereoa and
Klk ooontioi when apeclelly ittolood la onnoootioa
oritb reaident oounael. 1:14:71
MTrMCUlXoUGH,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
Clearfield. Pa.
rm-OWKm la Court Home, (Khorir't 0o).
Legal balloon promptly attooded lo. Real o.loto
boogbt ood iold. J,ll'"
AT" W "." W A LT E R S ,
ATTOKNEY AT LAW,
C.'lcarfleld, Pa.
tOtSft la (Irohoio', Row. dool-lr
H. W. SMITH,
ATTORNEY-AT-LAW,
tl:l:7 rioarlleld. Pa.
WALTER BARRETT,
ATTORNEY AT LAW.
Cleardeld. Pa.
. 0tlOm la Old Wooloro llolol bolldlog,
oorntr of ttooood ood Morkot SU. aotll.M.
ISRAEL TEST,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
Cleorflold, Pa.
-Otlia la Pla'a Opora Hoaao. Jyll.'IV
JOHN H. FULFORD,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
ClearSeld, Pa.
jr-a-OlHeo in Pla'a 0Wo llooao, Room No. I.
Jan. I, 1874.
J O H N L . C UTTLE,
ATTORNEY AT LAW.
tad Ileal Eatate Agent, Clearfield, Pa.
0a oa Tblrd atrool, boLCkorry A Walnat.
' 4Tr lloapootfolly offora hi, aorrtoaa la aollio
od boytef loodo lo Oloorlold aad adjotolof
oootlao aad oritb aa oaporloooo of oor tarooty
laora u a aorroyor, latter! kitaaalf tbot ho aaa
roador oatlafoolloa. iok. IMH:lf,-
J? b la k e w a l t E RS,
REAL ESTATE BROKER,
AMD BBALBa IB
Haw IoO-gn and Luiub?r,
CLEARFIELD, PA.
ffloe la Qrohorn'o Row. ; ,l,5i'
J. J. l ingle,
ATTORHEY-AT - LAW,
1:11 Ooreola, ClearAeld to.. Pa. y:pd
J.
S. BARNHART,
ATTORNEY - AT - LAW,
Itnlletiinta. r O.
Will practice la Cleorield and oil or the Coort, of
k. till. Jo,lu,iaJ diitrlot. Real eilalo bualoeaa
and oolleelioo of claim, node apoololtloa. al'71
DR. W. A. MEAN 8,
PHYSICIAN SURGEON,
LUTIIRRBBURIl, PA.
Will atUad profoaaloaol colli prooaptly. oofHTO
DR. T. J. BOYER,
PHYSICIAN AND SD RQ EON,
OBoo oa Market Street, Cloarleld. Pa.
e-0nVe boom I lo II a.BV,aad 1 ta I p. m
All. E. M SCII KCRER,
HOMtEOPATIlIC PHYSICIAN,
OHM IB roiidaaoe oa Market It.
April , l7t. Cleorield, Po.
J. H. KLINE, M. D.,
PHYSICIAN A SURGEON,
TXAVINUIoootod at Pennleld, Pa., offer, kla
1 profenlooal ,ertlcea to the people
place ood eorroondin. ooaolry. Allcolla f
of that
i promptly
atteaded to.
oct. Il-ll.
(Sr. J. P. BURCH FIELD,
Lota Sertooa of Ike :id Roloioat, Peaoajlroolo
Velaatoora, kaalaf rotaraod froo, Ike Amy,
olfero kla profoa,loaal torrlooi to tkeelllaoal
of Oloarteld ooooiy. ......
. - - ' . ..ii- ...Bioilr attoadodle.
nice oa oaeend alresl, forraorlyoooaplod ky
Dr. Wood,.
-If
DRV H. B. VAN VALZAH,
CLRARFIEI I), PKNN'A.
OFFICE IN MASONIC BUILDINtt,
JWr- Ooioo hoort Froat If lo I P. U.
MoyM7l:
n" "rTjeffkrhon LITZ,
uiniitil.AHn. PA.
Will promptly otuad all oollo to too le
hr...tn. oo.l-7o
0. W. WEAVER 4 CO.,
DRUdGISTS APOTHECARIES,
CURWKNSVILLE, PA
Droler, lo oil kind, of Proji, MedlclaM, Foa-
ay (looli and Droitllall Bonnrtea.
Corwennille, Morch 17, 1171. ,
GEORGE M. FERGUSON,
"with
. V. LIPPISCOTT & CO.,
dealer, IB
HATS A CAPS, HOOTS & SHOES,
t it Ml Mart-tat R(Mil. Pkiledelpkla. Tl-lf
A. Hi MITTON,
Moaafaalartr ood doolor la
Harness, Saddles and Bridles,
Collar., Whip,, tlroihel, fly Nela,TrlaimlBa.
ii k... i.
Voeoom, Fronk MIHer', ad Neotafoet Olio.
A ..at for Boiler Bad Wlleoa'i Bof.lee.
Order, ond rrpalrlaf P'omtitly olloaled to,
loop oa Market ilrort, Cleorield, Po, la room
armarly ooeapkd ky Ja. Aloiooder. tilt 7
Ordara and rri.alrloi Bromplly alteod.d te,
Kki
formerly
lalverjr HUble.
Till andarelfn kom leaoo ta laforoi tkopok
lle Ikal ho I, oow Tally prepared to oeooeaeio
ale all la Ike way of faraiioln. Uorooo, Boioa.
a.....! j 11...... n. ike .aort.lt aotiee ae
n rooooaoblo torma. Koaldoaeaoai Ueaotitreot,
CLEARFIELD
GEO. B. QOODLANDEE, Proprietor,
VOL 49-WHOLE NO.
Cards.
JOHN D.THOMPSON, I
Jnitle of the Pmm tl Serlvontr, .
Cwrweimvllle, Pa
t.Oo1)Honi nad nd monu.r prom (ill
pftlti avar. fb2S'7 1 tf
RO. ALIIBT Iim ILIIRT. W. ALItMT
W. ALBERT A BROS.,
Mooafootaron A ostonilre Doolonla
Sawed Lumber, Square Timber, &o.,
WOODLAND, PEMN'A.
0-Ordon oolioltod. BUI, lllod oa obort nolleo
ood rooaoooblo Urmi.
Addrou Woodload P. 0, CloorHrld Co., Po. ,
W ALBERT BRIIBJ
FRANCIS COUTRIET,
MERCHANT,
Preuchollle, ClearlieU Couuty, Pa.
Koop, oooitontlr oa bond a full aoiortmcnt of
Dry Goodi, Hordworo, Orocerlif. ond errrytbinK
aaoolly kopt la a roUil otoro, whieb-wlll ho .old,
for oo,h, o oboop ai tUowhero in tho eooory.
ProoebTlIlo, Juno 17, 1817-ly. -
TH O M A 8H . FO RCE E,
DOALaa ii
GENERAL MKROHANUISK.
GRAHAMTtlN, Pa.
Alio.oxtoDiiro oaioofoetoror ond doolor in Hquoro
Tlnbor ond tlowod Lntnbor of all kiud.
M-Ordor, aollcltod ond oil bill, promptly
IIM. tiT'"
REUBEN HACKMAN,
House and Sign Paintor and Paper
Hanger,
CloarOcld. Peiin'a.
hfA-Wlll osoooto Joba la hi. lino promptly ond
la a oorkaionliko otonnor. 0'r4,l,
G . H.HALL, '
PRACTICAL PUMP MAKER,
KBAR CLEAHFIKI.D, PKNN'A.
etrPanipa alwny, oo hood ond woda to order
on abort aotioo. Pipe, bored on rooaooable lermA
All work worrootod to roudor aotialaatiuit, and
dallrorad if daalrod. ny2S:lyid
E. A. BIGLER &. CO.,
DKALKRA IN
SQUARE TIMBER,
and manuravtorera of
ALL KIMDH III' IAW lilt I.HMIlliH.
T'Tl CLKtRPIKLD, PKNN'A.
JAsT B7 GRAHAM, "l
doolor lo
Real Eatate, Square Timber, Boards,
gHINfll.ES, LATH, 1 PICKKTK,
9:1073 Cloarfirld, Pa,
f AMES MITCH KMi,
OKAI.ICB IH
&nmre Timber & Tiiubur
Lamlri,
Joll'7 CLEAHFIBLD, PA.
H . F . N A U G L E ,
WATCH MAKER & JEWELER,
and dcolrr la
Watched, Cloeks, Jewelry, Silver
and Plated Wnre, fSc,
j.lfTJ CLKARFIKI.D, PA.,?
S. 1 , S N Y D E R, "
PRACTICAL WATL'HNAKKIt
AMD PBALKB t
Wtches, Clock! anil Jowelry,
UmUmt H-m, Jari.l Slml,
CI.KARKIKI.I), PA.
All kloda of repairing la my lino prompt)' at.
oodadto. April a, It. t.
HEMOVAL.
REIZENSTEIN it BERLINER,
wboUMl dUn In
GEMS' FlRlMII(i (.IXMIS,
Hoto nmovod to l7 Chnrab atrool. botwroa
Froobllo ood Wbllo ila., Now York. (jjJriJ
J A ME S" H. LYT L E , "
No. 4 Ple'a Opera lloaae, Clearfield, Pa.
Daalor In Orooorloa, Provlalona, Vofotoblaa,
Froita, Floor, Food, eto., oto.
oprlt'Tt-tf
JAMES E. WATSON & CO.,
REAL ESTATE BROKKH8,
(.libAnMhLU, man A.
Hooaoa ond OSooo to lot, Collection, prooaptly
ado, ood ftrat-oloaa Cool and Piro-Cloy Landa
ood Towa property for oa lo. Offioo la Weatara
Hotel Bolldio (Id loor), baeood St. oijl3 74y
D. M. DOHERTY,
FASHIONABLE BARBER A HAIR IlllESSKR.
CLEARFIELD, PA.
Shop Beit door to Wearer A Belt,' etore,
Secoad , treat.
July It, TS-y
HARRY SNYDER,
(Formerly with Lew Scboler.)
BARBER AND HAIRDRESSER.
Shop oa Market St.. oppoilto Court Home.
A eleoo towel for orery ooitomor. may IU, 7a.
JKATZEIt & LYTLK,
AOENT8 IN CLEARFIELD COHNTT FOR
TdOltlJdTillirN
CtUbrsUd Brands of
Smoking & Chewing Tobneros.
Wo are enabled to wboleaale to dtolera throogh.
oat Ibo oouoty at eltr prioei.
KrlAl.r.D lil Ilia,
Jrl:74 If t'lenriield, Pa.
NDERTAKING.
Tbo OB.Iarilm.d are Bow folly prepared to
tarry ea tbo boaiaeaa ot
ITBTDFoRTAIilNU.
AT REASONABLE RATES,
Aad reaportlally Klielt tba patronage ot tkoio
aeoding lock aerrieea.
o inHU VbnrTll I V
JAMES L. LEAVY.
Cloarleld, Pa., . II, 1174.
T 1MEI LIME!
Ti. HHifaraleaed If bow prepared to rnratih
Ibo polille with aa eicellent qnoltty or
Bellefonte Wood-Burned Lime,
quantity. Cnbi found fur tht n?itot t
Btw buildlnc, rk.t ilrtd
tV.. L.tarln tlirrOIM. b IM lirttfl Or Nmall
MITCHELL WAGONS,
Tbe Best ii the
Thome, Belli, be, recalled onolbar large lot or
"Mitchell Wogooi," waloB ore omong
beat eaaaareelered, oad which bo will aril at tbo
moot roeaooeble rotea. Hli itoek loclodoa olmoat
.ii j.u.i,i.. nr vmcim,. lareraoil amall, wide
and aarrow track, foil an I ace them.
,pr J, JlluAn iiciu....
TOUN A. STADI.ER,
el BAKER. Morkat St.. Cleotleld, Pa.
Fre.k Bread, Roik. Holla, Pie, and Cakea
oa Band or mode lo order. A grnetol aiiorlrocot
ol Coorortlooorlei, Fialuaad Nata in aloeh
leo C'reom ood Oyalsra in iroaoa. Selooa Biarly
oppoailo Iko PoatoBce. Prloea moderate.
Morek ll-'7.
' C. S. F LEGAL, ,
Ironsides Store,
pHII.I IPni'HfJ, PA.
DliLKR IX
HARDWARE, STOVES, HEATERS, RAN0
(S, WOOD AND WILLOW WARE
AND MASVtiCTVIttltOr
TIN, SHEET-IRON AND COPPERWAR1.
Proen,Bl,le Street,
IT
pkllllpiborg, Ctalre Co, Fa.
- 2131.
, THE PLOW.
Uod opeed tho plowohore I Tell mo not
Diaeraee otu-nda Ilia toil
Of tlio.e who plow Ike dark grooB ood,
llr till the froilfol eoll.
Why ihould Ihe boncat plowtaaa ahrlok
From mineling in tbo vaa . ,
Or leHrbino ond or wiidoio, alnca
'Til mind that mokea tbe man f
i e
tlod apeod the plowahora, and tba band.
That till tbe froliral aartb,
For there Ii la thia world, ao wide,
t No era, liko koBoet worth. :
And tho' tho booda are dork with toll.
And floihed the manly brow,
It mottera not, for God will blcel
Tbo lobora of tho plow. -
THIRD Ay N UAL REPORT
OF
JOHN A. GREGORY,
Hup't of 1rartlU County,
for the rtaool Year Boding; June I, IHtf.
In submiltiiiK mr tliirtl aniiuul ro
jn;iiil tho eouilition and imprOTomctrt
ot tlio Common Schools ol' our county,
it ull'ords mo ilcuBurt' to be ulilu to ro
cortl u i;ruuUir amount of work done,
hy ilirui'tors.UiacbcrsanilpiipiU thun in
Bitbor nrocoding year. A grciatfr num
ber ol lioiiBos Inivo bvun built; Bcbooln
liuvo bot'ii more (rvncmlly visitud und
cared for by dircctorn ; tlio County and
Jiocal Institutes bavo been more largely
attended ; teacbera, ba boiiift better
prepared, bavo labored more ellicicntly
and bavo been mora dili)rout in kot'i
ing tbuir rooms properly cluansod, and
in baving tbo brambeB required by
law tnught in tbeir ticliools when
books could not be procured, tcuchinu;
by ontl lesson) and pupila havomani
Ichlotl a greater inU'i-CHt by securing a
great amount of apparuttis by tbeir
own contributions, whore director re
fused to supply tbeir schools, antl by
increasing tbo per cent, of uttcmlnnce
in Ibo county.
Ilutisa. Thirteen houses bavo been
built during tlio year s One in Jiecea
ria. one in Hell, two in litirnaiilo, one
in Decatur, two in tiulii li.nne in lloutE
dule, one in Jjawrence, two in Morris,
Slid two in Union. All arc good houses,
except the olio in Bell and one in Union,
which lire very inferior for now build
ings. The house in Decatur stands
among the bent put up during the year,
nml only lacks completeness in not
having a neat portico in front. The
house in llouUdulo isa largo two-story
building, pleasantly localod, antl ar
ranged tor a graded school of three
department. It is seated with the
patent furniture, and although it needs
iinprovnuienU to pei lect it and is with
out any apparatus, yet it does much
credit to the citir.cns, as it contains the
first established school of their bor
ough, i Tho other houses aro all flue
buildings, - pleasantly locttteil, amply
largo, properly seated, well ventilated,
and contain stilliciciit hlack-board sur
tiico. Tho house in lluduni .was re
modeled. '
S hoots. Seventeen new schools have
lieen established during the year.
Those of New Washington, (ilen Hope
and lioittzdalo, were properly graded ;
also, two additional departments added
to the Clearfield bnroogh schools.
Special attention was pniii to keeping
the houses clean. Twenty -eight wcro
scrubbed once each month, und all at
least once during tho term.
ltranchit.li is with pleasure that I
report Hiatal! tbe branches required
by law bavo been more generally
taught than heretofore. During my
visits, I fount! Spelling, Reading, Writ
ing and Arithmetic, taught to every
pupil ; History as a general lesson in
every school but four; Geography and
tiraiiimar in one hundred and sixty-fivo;
Drawing in thirty-two. By teachers
adopting tho general losson system,
young pupils have boen properly in
terested in new studies ami nunurous
of older pupils, who are about to leavo
our schools, have received a partial
knowledge of- the branches they had
neglected. ,., "
Apparatus. Hon. James T. Leonard
furnished the Clearfield borough schools
with Outhnoniaps.dcographicul, 11 rsto
rical, Writing and Elocutionary charts,
set of Chemical appsratns, Geometrical
forms, Numerical frames, Wobstcr's
dictionaries cull-MI, thermometers,
umbrella racks, choirs for visitors, and
gootl black-board surface. Tho pupils
of the Primary department furnished
clocks, costing over 140, by their own
contributions. Owing to tho panic,
vory little apparatus lias boen procured
by school boards, yet the pnpils of
fighty-niiio schools liavo sceurou arti
cles of apparatus by their own exer
tions. This shows that II teachers
have a will to bavo their schools prop
erly Btiimlied, I hero is a way.
Institutes. Alio County luslituiu was
held in tho boititigh ot Clearfield, dur
ing tho week commencing December
28th. It was well attended by teach
ers, ilirectom and citizens, and was
suncrior to any other held, both in at
tendance anil interest, i no teacnors
came well prepared on tno pans as
signed and had their work neatly ar
ranged on churls, tho explanation of
which made tho work vory interesting.
Tbo teachers were better prepared to
discuss their subjects and their work
was more neatly executed than at any
previous lustiluto held by me. The
exercises consisted of methods of in
struction In theilillVrent school brunch
es, subjects lor explanation, questions
for consideration, essays, readings and
lectures. Lecture were delivered hy
Dr. Thomas Porter, of Lalityette Col-
Icl'O : Prof. J. W. Shoemaker, of Pbila
delpbia; I'rof. 11. Collier, of the Agri
cultural College; Rev. J. Ii. Young,
Rev. Wm. 11. Dill, Rev. II. H. Hutler
antl others from our own county. The
Inslitnlo was visited by Prof. Geo. P.
Heart!, of Cumberland Valley State
Normal School. A great interest was
manifested in our work by the citizens
of Clearfield and Curwensvillo, who
secured special trains anil made other
arrangements to moko our work pleas
ant, lor which wo ask them to accept
our thanks.
During tho early part of the winter
District Institutes woro licit! in many
localities, resulting in much gootl.
After Ibo meeting of tho County lnsti
tutu, tho Local lustiluto system was
adopted and two very successful meet
ings held ono in the borough of Now
Washington and ono in tho borough of
Osceola. Hoth were largely attended.
fMiWirf ll'or. During tho your, I
belli twentv four public examinations ;
examined '12 applicants ; granted 223
tuovislonal certificate. 10 professional,
antl rejected 0 ; mado 250 visits to
schools, visiting each nohool in the
county once, and those of nine dis
tricts the second nine ; nom one
County Institute, and attended eight
meetings of District Institutes ; hold
a County Normal School for term
of twolvo weeks, with an attend
ance! ni' 112 students: traveled 1,931
miles while vilting ; wrote 323 official
letters; forwarded to Kubool Depart
ment twelve monthly, one written and
one statistical report ; copied and lor-.-.r,l,.,l
Lhe annual report of each school
dUrict in the county , annulled one
certificate.
CLEARFIELD,
At the opening of the schools of our
county, I sent blank reports to each
teacher to be lilted out and sent to my
address at the close of each month. I
also sent a small circular, staling the
improvements wo should make during
tho year. When visiting tho schools,
I gave each tcachor a reporting card,
showing the condition of tho school.
This reporting systom has resulted in
much gootl in our county, as it lias
brought tho necessary wants promi
nently before the teacher.
Wo bavo adoptod a regular system
and course of study.- Our county is
well suited for a graded course of study
in all schools, as we have uniformity
of text-books.
tSugycsttoM. 1st. Tho purportof tho
Common Sohool system is that ever)'
pupil attending the schools shall re
ceive a knowledge of Spelling, Rending,
Writing. Arithmetic, Geography ,(j rum
utar and History, and vol hundreds of
pupils have left our schools at they age
of eightoen or twenty, who bavo never
recited a singlo lesson in Geogra
phy, Grammar, or History'. Hence
they bavo not received tho benefit tho
law provides for them. This can only
bo remedied by teachers requiring all
pupils to study all the branches ; when
they are not liir enough ailvancod to
nso text-books, to tench them by oral
lessons. I havo visited schools (luring
tho past term, whero two hundred
questions iu History und one hundred
ill viuir,ll,ll uiiu urilillinur n no inun-
tcrcd by all tho pupils. Alnuy parents
considur the study of Grammar of no
mportanco, and pupils view it us a
vory difficult study. J!y making tho
lessons plain and easy through this
lystem, all this trouble is obviated antl
the pupil receives a taste lor the study.
There certainly can be no advantitgu
n having pupils puss almost through
the Arithmetic, to bo prepared to take
up Grammar. Tbo nature ot a child
is to constantly change, antl should ho
niaslcr out twenty questions ill Geog
raphy, Grammar, , riling, Arithmetic
and History, with his reading and
spelling, ho would bo properly stnrted
i. each branch, anil changing Irom ono
to tbo other would bo recreation and
by tho lessons being short mnke them
ileastint. AI an' pupils aro injured hy
being overworked on one brunch.
2d. It is often usked by directors,
liat good can they do by visiting
schools? iluny directors labor hard
to have good school houses ; to liuvo
their districts out nt debt ; to be prompt
n tho paying ol teachers, ane" to novo
their schools well supplied with fuel
anil apparatus ; antl yet, seo no merit
in visiting schools. Now, whatever
other work director may do, it is all
to Ibis end that tho pupils of tho dis-
nct may receive a knowletlgo ol the
Common School studies, and yet, with
all their other work, unless they visit
anil sco that tho teachers teach these
branches, in many cases it will not be
dono, and a great amount of tux will
bo paid and put little benefit received
for it. It certainly won hi pay each
school boon! to elect one of their num-
bor to visit each school not less than
once in each mouth, Citir.cns nnd di
rectors know how much tho ono sub
ject riting is neglected m many
ol our schools, tho teachers not cxnni-
ning tho copy books for an entire
month, and perhaps hearing a different
lesson whilo tho pupils aro writing.
Pupils aro often furnished with very
poi'r material for conducting their
work, inner atitnociB nro as Datuy
neglected in many schools. The entire
first month is often a failure. These
difficulties can only bo rcmcdietl hy a
closer supervision on tho part of tho
directors.
In conclusion, I thank the citizens,
diroctors and teachers, for their many
acts ot kindness during tho year, and
for tho Interest so many havo mani
fested in tho work.
J. A. CiR'.tlORY,
' Co. Sup't of Common Schools.
APPENDIX.
Rhoolt. No. of schools well class
ified, 173; No. of separate schools for
col. children, 0; No. of graded schools
needed, 12; JSo. graded during tho
year, 7 ; JNO. oi gnuiou schools,
Apparatus. iNo. in winch, apparatus
was increased during tho year, 12 ; No.
without apparatus worth mentioning,
77 ; No. well supplied with apparatus,
30.
Furniture. No. supplied with furni-
turo during the year, 25; No. with
injurious furniture, 4!t; No. with suit
able furniture, 124.
Jlousrs, No. of first-class school
houses, 91 ; No. without suitable privy,
101 ; JSo. bail I V ventiluloil, 02; 1M1. un
fit for use, 21 ; No. built during tho
year, 13 ; No. of log; 2 ; No. of brick or
stono, 1; No. of Iranio, 17 ; JSO. in
district, 192.
frouiiiM. G rounds suitably improved,
: Grounds of sufficient sir.o, 181.
7Vu Aire'. No. who havo graduated
til a Stnte Normal school, 5 ; No. who
havo attended a Mute Normal school,
20; No. who intend making leaching
a permanent business, 194 ; No. who
hovo taught more than flvo years, 52;
No. who havo taught less than one
year, 4i ; No. who Imvo had no ex
perience, 47 ; Average ago ot teachers,
24 ; No. of females employed, 911 ; No.
of males employed, 109.
Kraminatiims. Averairo trrotlo of
certificates, 2.12; No. of certificates ro-
newed, 0 ; JSo. examined privately, U ;
No. of applicants rejected,)); No. re
ceiving professional certificates, 1(1;
No. receiving provisional certificates,
224 ; No. of directors present, 101 ; No.
of public examinations held, 25.
khools. No. in which nny of the
higher branches nro taught, 17 ; No.
in which vocal music is taught, 124 ;
No. in which drawing is taught, 32;
No. In which tho lliblo is reatl, 105;
No. In which books are uniform, 190.
Private fi-haots. No. of teachers
employed, 3; No. of pupils attending
such schools, 8.'l ; No. of academics or
seminaries in district, 1 ; No. of private
ungraded schools in district, 1.
l)istrids. Estimated number of chil
dren of school ago not In school, 1G0
No. of districts with libraries, 1 ; No.
of meetings held hy County Supl., 4
No. emploping a teacher not a direc
tor as District Superintendent, 1
No. omnloyiiig Secretary as District
Supt., 0 ; No. in which a district Insti
tute is held, 18; No. of schools regu
larly visiteil by patrons, 191 ; No. of
schools regularly visited by directors,
Kill.
Visitations. No. of patrons mot in
tho schools, 49; No. of directors ac
companying Superintendent, 120; No.
of schools not visited, 0; Averngo timo
sieiit at each, i hours; No. of visits to
schools by County Supt., 150.
7f!cnrT. No. of Ittiluros in teaching,
8; No. who hold such certificates un
worutily, 0 ; No. who hold permanent
certificates, 7; No. who hold profes
sional certificates, 19 ; No. who have
read books on teaching, 199. .
It Is oasior to avoid a fault than to
acquire perfection.
PRINCIPLES, NOT MEN.
PA., WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 4, 1875.
VII. OKAXTS WOIOXUKD AH-
It seems utmost cruel to break In
upon the President'1 summer retire
ment at Long llninch with any infor
mation calculated to disturb that gen
tleman's equanimity of mind, and our
regard for bis reputation and olllciol
welfare must bo our only excuse. Wo
would not for a moment deprive him
of any of thoso pure delights which wo
oro informed bo obtains from the con
templation of tbo boundless main. It
is rii;ht ond pi-opcr that after sacrific
ing hiniHell to tlio arduous duties ot bis
oflico fur seven or eight mouths of tho
year, ho should bo permitted to obtain
whtttover intellectual and physical rest
his system require, and bo long ns bo
is content to seo tho great bluo ocean
roll on tbe wholo summer long, with
out worrying over the title which may
ho rolling on in tho afirs of the na
tion, there is no reason" why wo should
griiiigo him that happiness. Rather,
indeed, would wo bo willing to nuvo
I'lysses, liko Achilles, walk forever by
the shores of the Inuilsoundingsca, and
seo the sod placard "to let" bung up
over tho door of tbo deserted White
House, ltut ivliilo wo wish the Presi
dent all this happiness, wi.'h tbo most
coidial good feeling, wo aio constrained
to remind him Hint there is nn obstnelo
in tho way of bis onjoying it with ab
solute freedom, The ohitnelo, wo re
gret to say, is tbo law, ond tho law, we
also regret to say, is n respecter of
persons. Now tbo law wo do not
deny that It Is a very wicked law, and
that tlio I'resitlent should long ngo
havo ordered its repeal nrovitles that
"all offices attached to tko scut of gov
eminent shall ho exorcised in tho Dis
trict of Columbia, nnd not elsewhere,
except its otherwise expressly provided
ny law. And ny an let passed so
long ngo as tbe 25th ot rebruary,1799,
the only exception to tins limitation is
named us that of ''tho prevalence of a
contagious or epidemical tiiscaso nt tho
seat of government," when tho Presi
dent is nt liberty to romovu himself
nnd his unices out ot danger. His
clear, therefore, that -Mr. Grant's au
thority, as 1 resilient, becomes inopera
tive tbo moment he leaves tbo District
of Columbia, and (hut be has no moro
right to sign a hill or transact any
iiihhc business whatever nt his Gong
Branch resilience, than tieorgo 'Handy
Smith has to proclaim war ugainst the
Hottentots. Absolutely niul without
pow er, under tho law, to exercise any
of the functions of his oflico whilo that
lliea is located ill Washington nnd ho ro
an les at the seaside. The tact is brou glit
more prominently to our notice by dis
putches from the capital stating that
the President bus signed Ibis or that
onler nnd made this or that appoint
ment when everybody knows that lie
has not been iu Washington for a fort
night, and therefore could not legally
order or sign anything' pertnining to
the administration of the government.
Now wo do not believe that the
President is violating tho low inten
tionally, anil, indeed, ho may be so
taken up with his studies of the great
r.nglish masters of oratory antl rhetoric,
or with the examination of General
Sherman'sremoins heg piuitor,, "mem
oirs" ns to bavo had no timo to cx
omino tho law relating to this mutter.
Ami it this bo not tho case and no he
really awaro of tho stntuto against ab
senteeism, may wo not suppose that he
holds himself legally just ifieil by tho
act which provides' ngninst epidemics
ill Washington, and which he may bo
liovo to include epidemics of corruption
as well as smallpox and yellow fever?
Wo know, ol course, that in KU'j.wucn
tho act was framed, epidemics of cor
ruption wero unheard of at Washing
ton, and, therefore, that Congress did
not design to legislnto against them,
but wo niso know that corruption is
really now epidemic in Washington,
and that tho President is personally
cognizant of the fact. If this is tho In
terpretation which ho puts upon tno
law, wo nro sure that everybody will
bo glatl to havo him say so in a letter.
The President's letters aro always tic
liidilftil and onirago tho thoughtful oU
teution of the best logicinns in tho
country, and if, after he lias hod a big
smoke over tho matter and heard what
tho sad sea waves havo to say about it,
he concludes U) drop ns a line upon tno
subject, wepromiso him tho The Times
will publish his letter (ol courso not
exceeding one column) froo of chorgo.
rnuaniipma limes.
AOlilCULTUJlK.
Agriculture is the most certain
source of strength, wealth nnd
independence. Commerce flourishes
es by circumstances precarious, con
tingent, transitory, almost as liable
to change as the winds and waves that
waft it to our shores. Sho may well
bo termed the younger sister, lor, in
all emergencies, she looks to agricult
ure, both for defence and supply.
(olton.
Tho first throe men In tho worltl
wero a gardener, a ploiiglininn, nnd a
grazier ; and if any man object Hint
tho second ol thoso was a murderer.
tlesiro ho would consider that ns soon
as he was so, he quitted our profession
nnd turned builder. Coifley.
In ancient times, tbe sacred plow
employed tlio Kings, nnd aw All fathers
of mankind. 'J'humiison.
In tho ol'0 of acorns, antecedent to
Ceres anil tho royal ploughman Trip
loloinus, a single barley -corn had been
ol more value to mankind than all tho
diamonds that glowed In tho mines of
India,.. Jlrmlie.
Trade increases tho wealth ond
glory of u country ; but its real strength
nut! stamina aro to be looked for among
the cultivators, of tbo land. JmM
Catham.
In a moral point of view, tho life ol
tho agriculturist is tbo most pure ond
holy of any class of men ;pure. becnuso
it is the most healthful, and vico can
hardly find time to contaminate it;
and holy, because it brings the Deity
perpetually before Ins view, giving
him thereby tbe most exalted notions
of supremo power, antl the most fascin
ating and endearing view of moral be
nignity. hiri John Russell.
Tbo farmers aro the founders of
civilization. Vmiiet HVWrr.
And he gave it for his opinion, that
whoevor could mako two ears of corn,
or two blades of grass, to grew upon a
spot of gi-ound where only ono giew
beloro, would deserve better of man
kind, nnd do more of essentia! service
to bis country, tbnn tbo whole race of
nollticians nut together. ,S'iri'rY.
Commanil largo Ileitis, but cultlvntc
small ones. 1 in".
Tho frost is God's plow, which he
drives through every inch of ground
In tbo world, opening each clud, and
pulverizing tho wDole. j wier.
Experience teaches, it is true ; bul
situ never t caches in lima Each event
brings Its lesson, and the lesson is ro
mcmlicrcd, bul tho saino event never
occurs again. t
HEIljBU('A.N.
FROM TI1K BLACK MILS.
hin'iinsr.u hold iii.ntkr tki.iji his
sTonv. ,
A IfmM representative yesterday
afternoon interviewed a gentleman who
has just returned from the Jllack Hills
country, to wincti lie wont with Goi.
Dodges exiiedition.' He left Omaha
on the 13thof May, reaching tho Illack
Hills on the dd ol June, lhe com
mand found gold in all tho creeks run
ning to the east in that section, though
nt first they fbuud only tbe color.
Tho first gold was found on tho stream
which Castor designates in his map at
Casllo creek.
At the stockade erected last winter
by tho miners whom Capt. Mix bad
driven out last spring, tho soldiers
wont into camp. Here they found a
small pa 'ty of miners, in groups of
Irom two to ten eac.n, who said they
liuu been mere about tnirty-nvo day.
These men wero actuully sull'ering for
food, having liad nothing to eat for fifteen
days except vension. '1 hey wereunwill-
uig lo leavo, however, und said H they
were driven out by the military, they
would return, as they considered tbe
digging they had discovered to bo
rich enough to pay them for almost
any amount of hardships or exposure.
These minors all bud gold which bud
boen obtained wholly from surlaee dirt
on Castle creek and its affluents. They
had commenced ditching and fluming
in a small way. aim wero vory uopeiui.
I he news ol the success these men
had met with soon spread through the
camp, and soon tho onicers, soldiers,
antl teamsters were at work washing
out surlaco dirt. The color was ob
tained iu every pan, showing that the
gold was generally distributed, the best
returns being made by Capt. Spauld
ing of tho Third Cavalry, who obtained
a fraction over twenty-eight cents from
three pans ot dirt. .
As our informant returned to t liey-
ciino leaveing the command on tho
24th inst. ho met miners all along tho
road, and learned that at least b.iil were
then in tho vicinity of the mines, though
they but! separated into small parties
in order to travel with greater rapidity.
The men woro all supplied with six
months' rations, and wero evidently
prepared to stny. The distance is only
about 150 miles from ('hoyenno or
Sidney, over a level plain country .
I ho miners claim that there ore much
richer diggings in tho hills than thoso
about Casllo crook, and that iu tho
former shot gold ho been obtained.
Our informant saw many quarts ledges
in the Vicinity of Custle creek which
had the appearunco of being aurifurous,
although no gold was visihlo to the
cyo. Tlio country Is almost a paradise,
with' pure cold water gushing from
springs in every direction, tho ground
covered with a perfect sod in which
blue grass predominates, tho soil rich
and black, und on abandonee of tbo
very host building material. The wa
ter in many of the springs is at a tem
perature ot 39 degrees, winch is almost
freezing. The timber is largo and
plotitiful.
Col. Dodge's command was in excel
lent health and spirits when our in
formant left, and their stock was get
ting in tho best of order in consequenco
of tlio rich pasturing found in tho coun
try. Tho troops were not molesting
tho miners, having no orders on thut
point, but wcro devoting all their leis
ure time to washing out gold along
tlio streams. The miners they found
at tho stockades had their pack ani
mals with them, but ditl not propose to
leavo the diggings unless driven eut,
though several of thoir numbcr'were
actually eiek tor tho want of food.
During their thirty-five days' stay in
tho hills they had not scon an Indian,
nor bud they heard ot ono being in
that vicinity. , , . , :
THE
CESTEXMAL
TIOS.
CELEBUA-
On the Fourth of July, sf.rf year,
(don't misUike, denr reader), tho ono
hundredth celebration of our country's
liirlh-dny will take place ; and, in view
of tho eimally auspicious and extra
ordinary event, ami tho equally vast
and varied demonstration to w hich the
Iflorions occasion will bo rendered sub
servient, it is not too much to predict
that said occasion, with its anticipated
adjuncts, will (in unisou) constitute ouo
of the most interesting and remarkable
spectacles that it is possiblo to conceive.
lowing it simply in its political as
pect, the approaching anniversary ot
tho nation's independence constitutes
an event quite as remarkable as it is
creditable to a froo peoplo, who, in the
courso of a singlo century, hovo placed
themselves upon a finding of equnlity
and influence with tho most powerful
and time-honored notions in i'.uropo
nny, it is not too much to sny, uion a
perfect equality, in all respects, with
that renowned nation which, a hun
dred years ago, in the ineptitude ol its
arrogance and strength, was attempt-
inir to crush out the spirit of Democra
cy- wilhin our borders, wherever it
night venture to show its head.
Thank God I a wonderful change, iu
this respect, has coiuo over our old
mother during the century of Ameri
eun freedom now about to be celebra
ted ; and we much mistake tho sonti
mont of honest John Jinll, if he does
not prove) willing to lend a helping
band in the uentenntai uemonsvrauou
now approaching. So much, roador,as
iK'anng upon the pouncai pnoso oi lue
great event, now Impending nor do
wo deem tho prediction rash when wo
sny that tho furore of patriotic excite
ment to bo exhibited on mo occasion,
will infinitely transcend iu effeei, as
well as seal, that which took place nn
tho 4th day of July, 1770. Woll, in
connection with so much political pres
tige, ami close upon it, will, wo pre
sume, take jilnco the most giguiille
"Exposition" of every description of
articles (manufactured and otherwise)
that tbo world has yet seen. Indica
tions, indeed, abroad and nt home, tail
not already to prove tho stupendous
preparations going on, with wo view
of renlisine:. in (Jit American "World's
Fair," the most gigantic ndir oi its
kind ; nor need we cnturlais a uunot :
that the enterprise and enorgy ot our J
people will provo, in all respoots, otpial
to the emergency. If our calculations
antl anticipation, Indeed, are not too
sanguine, (and wo no not neiiove uiey
are) tho (pinker City of America is
destined In her forthcoming Exposi
tion, to nutrivol anything In the same
line that has yet taken place In Europe
or the I'nited States. Pen and Phie.
Ho thut loses conscience (says old
Isnnc Walton) linn nothing that is
worth keeping. Therefore, be sure
you look to that. And in the next
nlaeo look to yonr health ; and if you
have it, praise God, and valuo it next
to a gisnl conscience, for health It the
second blessing that wo mortals are
capable of a blessing that morals can
not buy; therefore, value It anil bo
thankful for il.
UO ' THE JUJl Y STOOD. ..
Our Now York reporter mado ex
haustive efforts to got tho exnot status
of tho several members of the Boucher
Tillon jury, and believes Unit ho has
oscerlolnetl how each juror has stood
on tlio issue of Reeclier's guilt during
their protracted constitution. It is
possible that be ha made ono or two
imimuonai uiinvaHos iu emmsiiyiii iiiu
jurors, but the following is given as
tho way they stood last evening, ltisolablo nnd tho decensed. This bit ol
will bo seen that no two of them are
supposctl to agrco exactly, and that
thoir differences tako tho widest possi
ble range., Without assuming to in
dorse the report, we givo it as it bus
reached us:
1. Nt guilty -believed so Irom tho
start.'' ' "
2. Not guilty, but must marry the
woman. ,
, 1 Not guilty, but do so no more. ,
, 4. Guilty, but entitled to another
chance. '
6. Beeeher innocent, but Mr. 'Til
ton guilty.
6. Not guilty, hut should utoj) preach
ing. . ' ' ' " . , , ' ,' .
. 7. Guilty, without qualifications. .
8. Notguilty,hutnittrriedthewrong
woman. ' ' ' ,
9. Guilty, but not proven.
10. Not guilty, but should buve a
mob congregation. , i
. 11. Guilty generally. . ,
12. Not guilty, but has doubtful vari
ations. NAMES, TRAPES AND "PKRsr ASKIN' Of
"' ' TIM JUBTME. ' " '
The following is a list of the jurymen
iu the great scandal case, iu tho onler
in whioh they were impaneled : .
1. (i rilllu 11. llolestcud, not in busi
ncss, and an activo Methodist.
2. Henry Tbyer, a boarding house
keeper, and an occasional attendant at
Presbyterian churches.
3. tieorgo Hull, a builder hy trade,
and with no defined church relations.
4. Christopher Fitter, a German by
birth, a dealer fn wood und willow
ware, and k meinbor of the Lutheran
church. ,
5. Samuel Flute, nn Irishman by
birth, a roofer by trade, nnd a regular
attendant on the Roman Catholic
church.
0. A. H. Caso, a druggist by trade,
and an occasional attendant at Presby
terian churches.
7. Edward Whelon, on Irishman by
birth, a builder by trade, and an irreg
ular attendant at Roman Catholic
churches. . ., , i
8. William II. Davis, a real cstato
dealer, and an occasional attendant at
Presbyterian churches. '
9. John F. Taylor, a dealer in cork,
with no church relations. : .,
10. William K.Jett'rey.aflour broker,
and a general attendant at Episcopalian
churches. '
11. Chester A. Carpenter, tho font
man of the Jury, a flour merchant, and
a Presbyterian. ,
: 12. John C. McMurn, an Irishman
by birth, a retail grocer who doe not
sell liquor, anil an irregular attendant
at Presbyterian churches.
' FA ULTS OF TEjrPKR.
Few men havo sweet tempers, or
hold such as tliey possess under stently,
invariable control, thstigh there ni
men who, without this sweetness of
nature, however much tried, never
seem to lose their self-command. No
public man con get o long who has
not his temper well in hand ; hut with
the some amount of infiummnblo par
ticles, men differ very much on the oc
casions that set fira to them. Souio
people, who are all composure when
wo niiglil reasonably expect ond justly
excuse an explosion, will break down
into peevishness or possing frenzy on
slight provocations. Wo havo known
men. quite remarkable fur a well bred
serenity, lie "unreasonably and child
ishly testy at somo transient 'annoy
ance of a sort they aro not used ta
11 it-Id v sensitive ori;iiiiizalion8 nnd in
tellects, kept on tho stretch, are always
irritoblo. Do Qnincey, who hns no
heroes, says that ordsworth, with all
his philosophy, had fits of ill-temper,
though tuu unoxampieu Bwoeuicsa in
his wife's temper mado it impossible to
quarrel with her.
Nor docs Hie field in which temper
exorcises itsolt make much difference.
A divine defending his favorite views
is as peppery as any layman ; while ho
nusnes bliu uih eye gieamn nun m-iiiui-lates
with less consciousness of tho
spirit that rouses the glare than the
disputant in senular matters tbe dis
tinction betwoen zeal and lumper being
moro easily drawn by his opponent or
observer than hy himself. How often
wo read of meeting between religious
and nhilsnthropio loaders, looked for
ward to as a groat occasion by their
followers. leaviuu ouly puiiilut regrets,
through somo accidental spark fulling
upon the combustiblo clement in the
composition of ono or both. Tho two
irrcut hymn-writers and Christians,
Nowton and Topludy, met but once,
and but for a few minutes, yot somo-
thine passed a trilling lost which
upset Topludy 'a equanimity, and made
his parting words, wo nro told by tho
friendly bystander, not very courteous.
PREFORATISU POWER OF a
. t ,- MOOTS. , !
" It is indeed wonderful how ensily
tho roots of plants and trees bore
through hard, impacted soil in Search
of nourishment. They use for this
nnrnose a sort of awl. of immense pow
er, situated at the end of tho roots,nnd
capable, with tho aid of the oilier root
machinery, of thrusting aside heavy
weights and getting inrougu minimi
any obstructions. Vet the awl con
sists onlv of a mass of microscopic ob-
sorbont cells formed by vegetablu mu
custhe fluid iu which vital action is
flint set up. The roots ol Ibo elm and
tho maple will boro through tho haul
est soil of walls or streets, enter drains,
twino about water pipes and penetrate
through tho seams ot stone and brick
structures. Tbo roots of somo plants
havo been known to pass through eigh
teen inches ol solid brieK work aim
mako thoir appearance In a wine cel
lar below. Plants havo a vast power
in overcoming obstacles, when forag
ing Tor food. They are liko a hungry
animnl which no fences con restrain
when there ib food beyond. J lie move
ments vf roots in soils proceed on cer
tain principles of utility In connection
with tbo wellnro of the plant. Somo
need much more moisture than others,
and the roots will drive through rocks
to obtain it; others need silicious food,
and will penetrate through a clay bank
lo roach the desired foraging grouiu.
Tho urgency with which nature drive
plants and animals in pursuit of food is
almost irresistible. vWmd of Claims-
. ...m
It la much hotter to decide a differ
ence between enemies than friends ; for
ono of our friend will certainly become
an enemy, and one oi our enemies
.
jyjpnj, '
TERMS-$2 per annum in Advance.
NEW SFRIKS-YOL lCNO.' 30.
.,,,! . i snows oi' aniEF..
Not very miiny years ngo It was
considered an essoin ial part of tho ctl
qiietleof fashionable tiinorala lo ap
pear. Iu weep. Each "mourner" was
expert,', I to earn' in tho hand a while
pockel-hiHidkerchiel', and to apply it to
tne eye moro or less Irequently tho
interval between the unhs being rerrti.
luted 'by tho degreo of relationship
w hich hud existed between tho unoou
nypocny nos noppny oocn uispensou
with for some time past hy tho mourn
ing fasbionists. : It is no longer doomed
indispensable to Indicate to the world
that what Hamlet calls, "the fruitful
river of tho eve" is in n stato of freshet,
by hoisting tne whilo flog of aflliction
at a burial. This change in tho fash
ion Is judicious, for team are not neces
sarily tho sign of sorrow. In fact,
weeping regret is usually su)erficial ;
f. eUat to cuuuteii'uit tears is to simu
lalo shallow grief. Resides there are
hundreds of persons who, liko Job
Trotter in the "Pickwick Papers," con
"lay on the wntor" at will. Actors
shod tours on tho stage mochonically.
Nothing can be more lsluuanus than
tbo outward symbols of sorrow.
Neither "inky suits," nor cIoiuVb of
crape, nor on overflow of salt water,
nor tho "dejected 'hnviourof tho vis
age," are to bo trusted as signs of un
eonsolabilily, especially if our departed
uiutbor or sistor has been thoughtful
enough to leuvo a bandsomo legacy to
the sable-clad anil lachrymose mourner.
In snch a case, a N lobe might, with
out injimtico, bo suspected of dissimula
tion, i It is common to weep without
much suffering, und equally common
to sutler keenly without shedding tears.
There are human crocodiles who could
pour forth eyewater onntigh to swim
in, without experiencing a singlo pong.
FA ILEX "mAJKST V. , ,
Eagle are subject to disease, flesh,
bone, and blood, just like tho veriest
poultry thut die of croup and consump
tion on tho dung-hill beloro tlio byrc-
loor. iMcknoss hhnus tho cyo that
(iod framed to pierco tho sun, and
weakens tho wing that dallies
with the tempest. Then tho caglo
eels how vain is tlio doctrine ot the
livine right of kings. He is hawked
tit by the mousing owl, whoso instinct
instruct him thut tbeso talons havo
lost their grasp ami these pinions their
loath-blow. J bo caglo lies tor weeks
famishing iu bis eyry, and, hungor-
driven over tho ledge, leaves it to as
cend no more. Ho is dethroned, and
wnsteil to mere bones a bunch of
leathern i his flight is now slower than
that of tba bu.znrd ; ho floats hlmsell
along now with difficulty from knoll
to knoll, pursued by tho shrieking mag
pies, bitfteted by the corby, antl lying
on his back, like a recreant, beloro tho
boalt of tho raven, who, a month ago,
was terrified to hop round the carcase
till tho king of the air was satiated and
gavo his permission to croaking sooty
to dig into tho bowels ho himself hud
scorned.' Yet he is a noble aim to tho
fowlor still ; you break a wing and
leg, and fear to touch him with your
hand : vour doir leels tho iron clutch
of bis talons constricted ill tho death
pang, and holding him up. you wonder
t int soi n on atomv tor his weiL'ni is
not more than tlirco pounds could
drive bis claws through that shaggy
hide till blood sprung to tbo blow.
I'hrtst'ipher Aorth m Ins hportmg-jacket.
CURIOUS
LOVE LETTERS
1350.
OF
Tho following old-fashioned love let
ters nre something of a curiosity :
Maiden .Most worthyot estimation:
After long consideration nnd much
meditation, on tho great reputation
you possess in tho nation, 1 liavo a
strontr mr inution to becotno your re
lation. On your approbation of this
declaration, I shall mako preparation
to romov-o my situation, to a more con
venient Btatiou, to proicss my admira
tion ; and if such oblntion is worthy of
observation, and can obtain comniisser
ation. it will bo an nggrondizntion be
yond all colcnlatinn ol tho Joy ond ox-
allution ol yours.
. ,. , 6ANS AIB8IM11.A1JON.
fTHE ANSWER.!
Sin : I pursued your oration with
much deliberation, and a littlo consid
eration, nt the great infatuation of
your imagination, to show snch vonor-
ulion on so slight a inundation, nut
after examination and much soriotis
htcinnlnlion. 1 suppose your omnia-
tinn was tho fruit of recreation, or had ;
sprung from ostentation, to disploy
your education. By an Odd enumeration,
or rather multijiliciilion of words ot
the same termination, though ot great
variation in each respective significa
tion. Now without disputation, your
hiborions application in so tedious su
occupation, deserves commemoration,
and flunking imitnnon a suincieiii
gratification, I am, without hesitation
yours.
.1IAKI JIOIIKSATIOn.
A MOXUMEXTAL SC0VSDREL.
den. Neal Dow, who hai Jnit reterBOd Irom
oloo jean' eooeriro In Knrland, Wat gleoa a
pnollc reception at bii home in Portland, Mo oa
Monday eicoing. AV for TWUai.
It is difficult tit understand why
anvhodv should be interested in the
movomcnut of Ibis hypocritical piano
antl chicken appropriate!'. , The War
hmuirht to the surlaco no more dis
reputable and scurvy fellow, no mure
mlH.hloe.ilod and heartless wretch than
this same Gon. Ncal Dow. Wo have
in common with all those who fought
against the Union army tbo highest
thoso men who wore the
opinion ol
blue who believed in tho justice of
tbeir cnuse, nnd lioro themselves liko
gentlemen, gallantly and fearlessly
throughout; but Neal Dow was not
of these; ho ruthlessly and needlessly
oppressed nnd plundered tlio poor
people ovor whom a cruel fate placed
,tiH. He was a braggart and seeker
after soil places, and wo know, per
soaully, of ouo insliinio in which his
shocking and brutal treatment of a
refined and gentio Old inuy wonni,
wero it known, gnin for him tho con
(eiimt of every, human being whose
heart was not mado of stone, or of
similar baso stuff with his own. llo is
la-orthv In tako bv tlio hand the
meanest soldier In tho grand army of
tho Union. The humblest private wuo
shouldered a musket was a prince com
nnretl lo this fellow, who disgraced
Ins uniform and his louse. And Or
leans JtuUiiin.
There is a way of doing jrood in tho
world, on a small scale, Unit is scarcely
iiiiiirecioteil. A mau who educates one
child faithfully may effect a work of
greater benevolcnta ttian ono who ns
tbo namo of a liblhinthrnpist. Tho
love concentrated on a family may
produce a richer fruit than thai which
embraces the world. Its action is
more ilitenuu am 1 Invisible, hut its to-
. . , . . . I ...,, I . ,, ,1 li,aT.,n lhe
nmj k" -
whole nunwoi a coiuiuuiniy.
rxuxiyp tubes axd vines.
It is a common saying among practi
cal horticulturists, that the brat time
to pruno a plant is when such an opera
tion is discovered to bo necessary, antl
a man has a sharp knife in his pocket.
Thissbould not, howovor, he considered
as literally true, although volumes of
nonsense liavo been written in regard
to particular days or months in which
certain kinds of plants should be pruned.
It is not well to prune vine or trees
just at tho timo tho sap begins to flow
tho most rapidly in (spring, Docause it
is likely to issue from the wounds, dis
coloring tho hark below, and making
the pluuLs look uiuightly, even if no
further injury follow s. Jlut if lives or
vinos are pruned early enough to in
sure a good fronting of the wounds for
0 low nights before tho sap begins to
flow, there will bo little danger of what
is usually termed blooding. In many
Northern ItK-nlitics this miry yot lie
done, and those who have neglected
pruning trees und similar plants requir
ing it should not delay tlio operation,
although it may be put off with some
kinds until tho leaves are fully ex
panded. Rut there appear to be many
erroneous ideas prevalent among those
who have hod little experience in plant
culture, and the most common one is,
that vines and trees require pruning
only once a year, which frequently
leads to severe losses both in fruit and
vigor of the seimcns.
A man, for instance, concludes that
hisold apple or pour trees require prun
ing, tlio branches having become too
abundant for the froo admission of light
nnd air into the centre of tho head, or
because somo of the loading shoots have
become too tall, or the lower branches
droop too much to admit of working
the ground underneath, lie, thorelore,
proceeds to thin out, cut back or trim
up, severing large or small branches, as
the case may require. So tar, the opera-
lion may lie performed in a judicious
manner, but iu tbe months following
it will usually be observed that numer
ous sprouts will spring from latent buds
near tho point where a branch has
been severed from the main stem or
elsewhere, and if tbeso are permitted
lo grow it is at the expense ol those
and other parts of tho tree ; besides, in
most cases they spring from tbo points
where no shoot are desired, and will
uo removed at the next annual pruning.
Examples of this kind may In scon in
hundreds of orchards at any time dur
ing the Summer months, tho vigor of
the trees being wasted in those sap
sprouts, as they aro usually termed by
laraicrs. Now, tbo proper course to
pursue is to visit the pruned trees once
or twico during the season, breaking or
cutting off theso surplus shoots while
they are young, thereby forcing tho
sap into other channels.
Vt e think those who have had any
experience iu the care of orchards will
readily seo the importance of this opera
tion in connection with that regular
annual pruning. Of conrso wo do not
assort that all trees require pruning
every year, but if it is done, Summer
pinching and rubbing off surplus shoots
shoultl always follow. If trees are
properly pruned at tho start, followed
by judicious care in Summer, there will
be little need ol removing largo Drancnos
as they become old. A fruit treo
should rcceivo its first severe pruning
at the timo of planting in tho orchard,
and there is littlo danger of reducing
tho top too much.
I n pip nting peach trees, say one year
old and fivo ieet high, we would cut
back tbo main stem to throe or three
and n-hnlf, and oil tbe side shoot to
within ono or two buds of thoir baso,
which, in ordinary varieties, would
mean to within three inches. With
pears, apples, and plums, loss severe
pruning would suffice ; but we would
reduce all branches to about one-third
of their original length, and if the trees
havo boen transported to a considera
ble distanco, and become somewhat dry
during transit, a still further reduction
will be benclicial. The endsof all roots
severed byspsdesindigging should also
bo smoothed off with a sharp knife be
fore planting. This kind of pruning is
the almost universal practice with nur
scrymon and others who have had ex'
tensive cxporionco in tree culture. Of
courso there aro men who claim that
it is wrong in theory lo reduce the
natural number of buds and branches
upon a treo in order to secure a vigor
ous growth ; but wo can assure our
reader that it works woll in practice,
even if it docs not accord with some of
the theories advanced to provo that it
is wrong.
Tlio next period of tho life of fruit
trees when vory severe pruning may
bo beneficial, is when they havo
reached nil ngo of unfruitftilness, cith
er in consequence of having boen per
mitted to ovorhear or of neglect of
pruning or culture. Old orchards
wlfirh Tinvo become almost or quite
barren may frequently bo restored to
health and fnnttulness by removing
one-half of all tho branches entire,
and tben 'shortening tbo remainder
one-half, at tho same time adding fer
tilizers to the soil. Considerable at
tention howovor, will be requisite dur
ing the summer in removing the young
sprouts which will issue from tbo se
verely pruned branches. A few of
tho strongest should bo permitted to
grow, selecting thoso for this purposo
which stait at noint where new
branches are desired. Many of our
o)l aI(j nov ainoKt worthless pear
nnd npplo orchards might bo restored
by manuring and pruning comoineu.
In removing largo bronchos from
trees, it is well to cover tho wounds
with grafting wax or somo similar
substance which will prevent tho de
cay of tho exposed wood.
TRI NINd GRAPEVINES.
What wo havo said abovo in regard
to fruit trees is also applicable to grape
vines. If pruned More cold weal hor
is entirely passed, there will bo littlo
danger oi' bleeding. Summorpinching
of lh most vigorous shoots, as woll as
rubbing off the fee bio one which al
ways nppcar in greater or less aumbent
upon all cultivntod vines, are very im
portant operations. Annual pruning
of rrrniiovincs is goncrally conceded to
be noccssary, but the equally essential
manipulation in Hummer is far too fre
quently neglected: hence the numer
ous complaints of failure to obtain well
ripenod fruit or vigoroua canes for use
t ho following season. A few canes, and
thoso of vigorous, sturdy growth, aro
fur nreferablo to a great number and
all weak and slondor. Theformoraro
seldom secured without attention in
Summer, no matter how carefully tho
annual pruning may havo boon per
form ed.
Tho lesson wo would inculcaU) by
tho foregoing, is that tho first step in
tho improvement of plants calls for
corresponding care in their culture.
Tho first pruning which may bo con
sidered as having been dons at tho
timo of taking the bud or cion irom llio
parent stin ks, makes a second in tho
lilo of tho tree or vine necessary, bo
causa henceforward the plant is placed
under artificial conditions. icm lor
H'iv Sun.
The industrious bee does not stop
to complain that there are so many
poisonous flowers and thorny branches
iu tho road, but buzzes on, selecting
the honey where ho can find it, and
passing quietly by tho places whore it
!o not There i enouu-ti in this world
to complain about and find fault with
if man had the disposition. We often
travel on a hard and unoven roau , uu
with a cheerful spirit and a heart to
praise heaven lor its mercies, wo may
walk thorein with comfort and corns
to tho end of our journey in peaos.
To ronlbund wealth with happiness)
is to mistake the means for tho ond.
You might as well fancy that a knife
and fork will givo you an appetite).
Wtwooa Iklrd aad Foarlk. ......
UKO. W. OIARHART.
Ilaorlold, Fab. 4,1 174.
M.May IBTI.