.K .
' CLEARFIELD , RKPIIBLICAK,"
(IBOROB B. (JOOIILAHUBR,
CLKAUFIKLb, I' A. ..
Kt TAItLlSIIBQ IN 1091.
J, . r- - -
rh largMt Circulation fait Nawaiiapar
Norlk CMtraJ rtMHsylvaala
Terms of Subioription.
( -i In ftdTAoat, or within II month!....! UU
it ptid anr X i1 btror I uontbi 9 AO
(f utitl ftfttr lliiuirliui of wool hi. S IM
Rates ot Advertising.
frumtftnt idvcrlliflmtntl, per qor f IttllnwM
ifl, .1 ttmna orlu.w,..H f I
K.ir!.. iitnauBtliiMrtiua-H n
i iiiiiiilrinr' ami KxMutnrf' ttnt.cM.. I M
U'litri' nolle ,. I it
pRntlunn4 K'trtVf. ...., I
DlMnluikin nfHM...f I. it ... 4.,,,, I
Profeifiitimt Crd, ft linn or ln,t ymt. ft 10
L-Hrt,) iott.wi,prHn. fn
' YKAItl.Y ADMRTIARMRNTS.
t iqu.M.,..lt.... 09 olwBio...,.....ftft tO
I (quart)).., .ft ) to .urate.. TO Oft
1 qurMMMM,..i..!Q AO 1 oluinH. 1W M
UKOHOR B. aOODLANOKR,
K-lltor and HublUnar.
Cards.
TROI. . HI'MHAT.
CVMVI 80RDOI.
MURRAY & GORDON,
ATTORNEYS AT LAW, '
S:J0'74 CLKABPIKMI, PA. !
FRANK FIELD.NQ, '
ATTORNKV-AT-I.AW,
Clearueld, Pa.
"'" WllleUead' to ll bualaeee eBtraeted In him
piuuiptljr and faithfully. aoTll't
WILLIAM A. WALI.ACIt.
BABBT r. WALLACB.
JiH W. WJI.at.ltT.
WALLACE fi, KREBS, "
(Xuioeaiore In Wallace Fielding,)
A T T O K X E Y S - A T - L A W ,
11 I7 f tr Clearfield, Pa.
dr; hTb. van valzah,
tl.UARKIEI.D, PCNN'A.'
OFFICE IS MAKllXlC BUILDING.
''idr-OaVo nume-From II W 1 P. U.'
Mnyll, 174.
DR. J EFKEKSON LITZ,
WOODLAND, PA.
Will prompt!; attend ill caIIi In the lloeof hl
profei.ioa. loT.ltl-H
loesrD a. iTsjullt. basibl w. b'ccbbt
MoENALLY & MoCtTRDY,
ATTORN EYS-AT-LAW,
Clearneld. Pa.
xar-Leiriil bn.loeii attended lo promptly wllbj
idelity. Office oa iieeond etreet, eboye tbe Flrat
National B.nk. - J'"''-"
'g'. r. ba rrett,
Attihnt and Counselor at Law,
clearfield, pa.
Ilnrinn reeiirned hit Jadgeeblp. bee reenmed
fhti practice f tbe ln i hit oM offloe t CitM
Del J, Pn. W ,11 .li.ii J th. ooiirli of Jrfferion nnd
Klk oouotioa when ipmUll; llool in conDeotlon
with rj"tdcnt flouopt. t:14:7S
WM. M. McCULLOUGH,
ATTOHSKY AT LAW,
Clornld, Pa.
r-OIIir In Court lloo. (HlierllT'i Onloo).
I.jrl hmlncK pronptl; Ittcndod t. Ktnl nMt
honxbt nnd lold.
A . W. W A LT E R8,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
ClorSeld. Pa.
t10ffle In tlrahui'l Haw. (daal l;
: H. W. SMITH,
ATTORNEY-AT-LAV,
"11:1:7.1 .ierllfld. P.
WALTER BARRETT,
ATTORNEY AT LAW.
iliaa oi Saoand 81., Olanrlald, Pa. noTl,M
ISRAEL TE8T,
ATTORN KY AT L A W, ;
Clearfield, Pa.
ftrOtm la Pla'l Opara Hoaia. Jll.'tT
jbHN H. FUlfORDT
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
1 Ic.rlleld. Pa.
jrrOltlc. In Pi. Upera lloaaa, Room Ne. 1.
Jan. I, 1874.
JOHN L. CUTTLE,
ATrORNEY AT LAW.
Vml Heal Eatate Agent, ClearBeld, Pa.
UlBa. on Tblrd atraat, b.t.CbarrjA Walnat.
MrKaapaetfallj offara bla aarrioaala aalltag
iad biijlne landa In Olaarlald and adjaialng
lonntiai aad with aa etparteaoe ot avar twantf
taara M a aarrayor, dattara hlmaalf tbat ba eat
randar aatlafaelioa. ta"ab. i:o:ir,
FeEDEBICK O'LEAEI buck,
SCKIVEXEK k CONVEYANCKK,
General Life and Fire Ins. Agent.
!eita of Oonva.aaaa, AHI.Iaa of Afranaaal
and all l.ral j,tpara promptly aad aeatly ax,
eatod. Offlta In Pia'a Opora llouaa, Boom No. 4.
Claernald, Pa., April IV, l4.
J. BLAKE WALTERS,
REAL ESTATE BROKER,
Ar aaALna ia
Haw Jjogn and Id.iniler,
OLSAHFIKI.D, PA.
(Ilea in Qraham'a Row. I:,itTJ
J. j. LINGLE,
ATTOKWEY-AT-LAW,
1:11 Oaceola, Clearneld Co., Pa. y:ad
DR. T. J. BOYER,
PHYSICIAN AND SURG EON,
OBoa on Market 8tmt, Clearlltld, Pa,
0-Oftaa boon: to 12 a. m, aod I le I f. m
tyS."eT m78CH eurer,
HOMtKOPATHIO P1IVSI0IAS,
Offloa la reiidenea on Mnrltat at.
April 14, 1171. ' Claernald, Pa.
'" DR. W. A. M EAN 8,
PHYSICIAN i. STJRGEOK,
Ll'TnERSBl'RU, PA.
Wlllallaad profaaatoaal ealla promptly. ao10'7
""j. 8. BARN H A R f ,
ATTORSKT . AT - LAW,
Hellefonte, Pa.
Will prartlor ia Clearfield and all of the Coarta ef
the Jitb Jndlelal dielriat. Kaal aalale baaiaeea
and eollaetloa of alaiaia aiada npaelelltae. al'tl
Q. W. WEAVES 4 CO.,
DRUdGISTS & APOTHECARIES,
CURWKN'SVILLE, PA.
Deal.ra la all kind, or Drafa, Medlelnaa, Paa
ty flood and nruaTJCIata' fiandrlea.
enrwenarllla, Marrb17, Il7t.
GEOEQE M. FERGUSON,
WITH
W. V. LIPPIXiOTT & CO.,
daalara la
HATS A CAPS, HOOTS A SHOES,
3:17 131 Market Street, Philadelphia. 7a tf
CHARLES H.IlUOT,
NOTK nilOKEH,
witn Joaa W. Baitoi Ce.
Stock and Bond Commission Brokers,
III Poath Third Street, Phllada.
Peitiealer attention irrn le pareheeef aad
rale, ef tlOTernment Honda.
' Refer te M. W. Woodward, K,e., Ca.bler Maa
alaelarere Naliaaal llanh I fharlea lllanehard,
K.q., Umber Merchant llarberl Koaael A Co.,
Lnuler Merabeata m. Monteliaa, ,., Viae
Preaideat Hank of Amanea ) Powell A Ce Bank,
era, rViilieinaport, I'a. meh4 7-m
A. H. MITTON,
Manufaeterer and dealer la
Harness, Saddles and Bridles,
Cellar., Whlpa, Ttrn.hee, Fly Nela,Trlmmlafl.
II tm Blankela, do.
Vaeenm, Prank Miller 'a and Heallfoot Olla.
Aifrat for Bailey and WilM.nl Baflaa.
Ordera and repalrlaf promptly atteaded le,
Sbcp oa Market rtreel, Clearneld, I'a., la room
formerly erevpled ay'Jae. Alaiaeder. (4:147
mItchell Wagons.
The Best ii the Cheapest!
Thome) Pellly haa reeelred aaother large lot ef
"Mltehell Waawna, wMoa are amoag tea eery
heat maaafaalared, ead whieh he will eell at the
moot reeeeaehle raiea. H ia aleak laoledeo aamoet
an deeerlpneaa at wagoaa tirgeead email, wide
aadaamwtraeh. CaH ead am them.
aari'74 TIKiMAH BRILLV.
CI.E.-VI1F1ELD
GEO. B. GOODLANDEB, Proprietor.
VOL 49-WHOLE NO.
rard$.
" A. G. KRAMER,
A TTOnSKT-ATI.AW,
Haal latala aad Calleatioa Ageal,
' ' CLKABHICI.K, PA..
Will nramntlT altaad le all leml bnilaa.l aa
Iraeted to hi. ear.
-Omoa la Pie a upera notiea, amna Boor
aprll I aa
J. H. KLINE. I. D..
PHYSICIAN k 8VBGE0N,
X DfufiMlaBnl rvttwi to lh MMl f .nt
tmv and urrondiiiK eoMtr. Ailell promptly
r j. j . " not. 11 tf.
Ilieaara tu,
JOHN D.THOMPSON,
Jultiee of the Vaiea aad Scrivener,
v ' Carweaarllle. Pa.
eevColleetlnnl aiada and uonoy proupll
aao. albbbt aaaar AianaT-..... albt
W. ALBERT 4. BROS.,
Sawed Lumber, Sauare Timber, &o.,
I'll UbABll. I B t
B-Ordara aollellad. Billn allad oa abort aotloa
and raaaoaaiile leraia.
Addraaa Woodlaad P. 0 Claarleld "J'"l
eJ4.lV w LBKRT BrllllbV
i "" FRANCIS COUTRIET,
MERCHANT,
,,rkiuek d learBeld County, Pa.
Eoaua eonalantly- of, band a fall aaaortniaat of
Dry Oooda, Hardware, Ureeeriaa, and ererjtbinf
' .. . . ...... .hl.h will ho Bold.
aanaily aopa iw a ;
for oaab, aa aheap aa eLewhere In the oonnty.
rreneorine,
THOMAS H. FORCEE,
DBALM l
(JENERAL MERCIIANDISK.
URAHAMTOM, Pa.
Alee.aileaaira awnalaelarar and dealer la "o,uara
Tiaaber and Btewol Lnmoeroi an
M-Ordera aollolt"! and all bllla P'I''"P,
oiled. J" --
REUBEN I HACKMAN,
House and Sign Painter and Paper
Hanger,
Clearfield, Penn'a.
t.trill aiaoutejok. la hia line promptly aad
In a workmanlike maouer. a "."7
G. H. HALL,
PRACTICAL PUMP MAKER,
KHAR CLKAIIFIELU, PENN A.
p.mn. alwav. on haud and made to order
en ahort aotiee. Pipe! bored .in reasonable terma.
All werk warranted I., render aallafaetlna, and
dallrared Ifdealred. myliilypd
E. A. BIGLER 4, CO.,
SQUARE TIMBER,
and uaaufaetarera of
ALL MSmilFIArVKII LI MBEH,
H.7'71 CLKABF1KLI), PEN. A.
JA8. B. GRAHAM,
dealer la
Real Estate, Square Timber, Boards,
P1IISOLK9, LATH, A PICK RT1,
e:l'TS Clearned, Pa,
rAMES MITCHELL,
tlKAIttVa. I
Sfjuare Timber k Timber Lands,
J.U'73 CLEARFIBLD, PA.
DR. J. P. BURCH FIELD,
Late Sarfeoa of the sd Re jiment. Peanayltanla
Velaateere, bavta reaaraaa irwm mo Army,
effera hia profeaalonal aerrleea te thaeltiiaaa
ef Olearleldeoaaty.
a3BT-Prof.ulonel.elL promptly atteadedte.
OB.e ea Saeead alreet, formerljeeeepiea ay
Dr.Weeda.
(apr,'et-tf
H. F. N AUGLE,
WATCH MAKER & JEWELER,
and dealor ia
Watches, Cloeks, Jewelry, Silver
and Plated Ware, &c.,
,'71 CLKARP1KLI), PA.,
8. I a 8NYDER,
pnirrirAt. WATCHMAKER
aba bbai.bb IB
LWtohc, t'lotks and Jewelry,
Oroiam'a toe,, JforAel Arret,
CLEARFIELD, PA.
All kind, of repairing la my Una promptly at-
ended te.
npril za, iei..
REMOVAL
REIZENSTEIN & BERLINER,
bolM dln ta
GEMS' FIEMS1IIG GOODS,
Hare removed le 1K7 Cberek at reel, between
rranhlla aad White ale.. New York. JyU'7!
J A M E S H , L Y T L e7
No, 4 Ple'a Opera Honac, ClearBeld, Pa.
Dealer la ttroeeiiee, Prowlaloaa, VegaUblea,
Praita, Pbinr. Peed, eta.. He.
Bprl4'7t'tf
J" AiTkS E. WATSON A CO.,
RKAL JPTATI BROKRRS,
CLKAKPIKLD, PENN'A.
Honaea and OAore te let, Colleetloni promptly
made, aod Arel-elBee Coal aad I'lre-Cler Lnada
and Town property for ea le. OrJea la Weilera
Hotel Uuildlng ld loot). Berond Rt. mjl3'7t7
s
TONE'S 8AV (iUMMEHS AND
SAW UPSETS.
We hare reeelred the arenay for the ebore and
will eell them at maaafaatarrr'i prleee. Call end
aiamlne them. Tbey-are the bell.
j.ll-71 II. P. BIGLER A CO.
JAMES CLEARY,
BABAEB & HAIR DRESSER,
SECOND ITIKET,
JyJI CLRARFIBLD, PA. Il
JRATZRR A LYTLE,
AGENTS IN CLEARFIELD COUNTY FOE
LORIXLiAIlD'ft
CvlibralrdBrt.B'Jt (
Smoking ft Clirwing Tobnrcos.
We ere enabled le wkoleeele te deelera threagh
oat the eeaaly at ally prieea.
a
RATIER A LYTLE,
)el:;4lf
Clearneld, Pa.
The ao.ler.lin.d are lew felly prepared te
earry en the boa. a. a. ef
1 Iii:ilT.4KICl,
AT REAflORABI.E RATES,
Aad reipeellully eollelt the patroaaga ef Ihoae
aeedlng aneh aerrleea.
JOHN TROHTMAN,
JAMES L. I.KAVV.
ClearSeH, Pa., Feb. IB, 1174.
I
IME1 LIME!
The aadaniaweel la new prepared le faralah
the peblle with aa eieellenl o,ealliy el
Bellefonte Wood-Burned Lime,
fee ele.tertae awrpoeea. by the large er email
evaetlly. Cee he foead far the preeral at Pla'a
new balldiag, ea a.a.l aireea.
Mll.lf L. K. McCllLLOl'OH
Ialvery Stable.
rpNI tMnlffa4 Uf toart U mhrm tfci pt
nt fell ib mj f fr Hereea, Bnggiea,
laddlea aad ilerweaa, ea Ue aherteet awtlee aad
ea reaeeaable terma. Re.ld.eoo ea Lee wet atreet.
hot ween Tkird aae rewna.
010. W. OEAEHART.
Oleerteld, F.b. 4,1174.
J N I) E R T A K I N U.
'2122.
,. 1775. ;
THE WSSTMOHKLAXO
' TKNX1AL.
A FINE MILITARY AND CIVIC DI'PLAY
A LARUE TL'RN Ol.T OP PEOPLE OPEN
A1B MAM MEETINtl ORATION OP UON.
ItlKlAR A. COWAN.
Ghii.nsbiiu, iluy 15. Titer was
Ittrco gatborinit of pcoplo t thin town
to-uay to eclobrato llio hundredth an
nivoraary of tho Haimastown resolves.
The town was decorated with flafra and
banner and tho streets arched with
overgreens. The hotels were overrun
with guests, as well as tho citiions.
There was a fino military display, and
a large delegation of peoplo from Pitts
burgh. Letters were read from the
Governors of the difft ront slates who
bad been. inviUaJ to be prvwut Tbo
celebnttion was connnenved by firing
thirteen (runs ' the morning. At ten
o'clock tlto military paraded. At one
o'clock there was a mans meeting in
tho open uir. Judge Veeub, of Pitta
burg. railed the aiweniblage to order.
Hon. Simon Cameron preaided. The
ceremonies were concluded with speech
makimr. lion, r.ilimr ( owan was tbo
orator of tbo duy, and siweches were
. i i m r ir i S . i tr:i
inatie ny i. j. xiignnni. juuge Aira
patrick und others.
THE AUDRKHH OF UON. EUOAR COWAN. -
It is a most niicient custom among
men, to celebrate at recurring periods
the return of the day upon which r
innrkuhle events liuvo hspiiened, origi-
nully deHigned, no doubt, to keep the
memory of thera alive in alter genera
tional, and to call up as far a possible
ideas anil sentiments similar to those
which moved the men who broiiirht
them uliout llintnry is full of those
celflimtions ; ana there are many ways
in which they may be mado useful, but
which il neglected leaven tbcm A source
of miwliicf and disorder. 1 ahnll note
some of their useful effects. In the
first-place, in doing honor to the mea
of one hundred years ago, who so em
phatically asserted their nirhts, even
as agninst their legitimate rulers, it
becomes us to know the tacts ol toe
situation, and wherein they were wrong
ed and what odtls they might expect to
be against them in a at niggle lor re
dress.
Thev wero aiibiecta of the kine nl
i rest llrilain, and they owotl allegiance
to him as the constitutional monarch
oi that most remarkable as well as
most powerful empire in tho world.
Of this relation to the mother country
they were proud, and they wero loyal
to it ; but they did not allow either
?ride or their loyalty to degrade them,
hey were few in number, scattered
about upon the edge of a vast unex
plored continent, and coiilronten in
their westward march by hostile tribes
of warlike savages ; in fact, except
alona- the eastern sloiie of the Alleghs-
mes, they wero In the wilderness oi
tho greatest forest ever known upon
tho globe, and here in western Penn
sylvania had scarcely commenced the
worn which makes civilisation, lhey
were poor, rough and Illiterate, and had
none of our scienco, literature, nor
fiiiory ; but they bad something which
stood then in better need they had
virtue, honesty and independence.
They would not lio, cheat, nor steal,
nor allow any guilty ot tbose onenses
to live among them upon terms of
sociability and friendship. About the
time ot winch 1 speak then lived a
man but a few miles from llannastown
who had cheated and defrauded his
neighbor, but he bad niansgod it so
cunningly that his victim had no legal
remedy. This, however, did not pre
vent the backwoodsmen from having a
very decided opinion against the knave,
and they determined to show it on the
first opportunity. They had not long
to wait. The neighborhood met at a
"raising," and the obnoxious man ap
peared on the ground, but no one
greeted him, no one answered him, and
no ono would carry at the other end
of the hand spike with him. This was
more than he could bear, and he left
to realise, if not perhaps to practice,
the maxim that "Honesty is Hie best
policy." Those old Wentmorelanders
were rough and blunt had their frol
ics and quarrels, and our tine moral
ists of to-day would have been shocked
to see how they settled their difficul
ties in rough and tumble fights, and
how tboy drank friends when il thus
all over, and yet they neither pistoled
nor stabbed nay, it would have been
worth a man's lile to have threatened
such a thing, snd I think what 1 have
learned myself from tho mon of those
days warrants me in saying that in
their largest gatherings not a singlo
man would be found carrying either
dirk or pistol, and tho rudest of them
woultl nave despised a "handy billy"
or a "knucklcr" as the emblom of pure
poltroonery.
1 have said they wero Illiterate, and
it ia true ; bat still there were some
things they knew, and not only knew
bnt wore persuaded of, which is better.
They knew they were freemen ; and
further, they knew exactly how to
maintain their position as such. "Eter
nal vigilance is the price ot lilierty.
Tncy were loyal to their king, but
their king must be true to them and
protect and not oppress them ; thst was
the bargain between tbcm ana tneir
sovereign. 1 said h was their const!
ttitional sovereign and 1 said so, be
cause oi this bargain, which, as between
the sovereign and suhject, or between
the slato and the citizen, is called a
constitution. Now, hundreds of years
before, tbo English people had made a
barirsin with their king at Runnymede,
and bsd it written down so that neith
er he nor they could forget it ; and
then, atterward, ovary now and then,
they woultl write it down again and
make additions to it, until at last, about
two hundred years ago, those bargains
Sot so completely knocked into the
eads of king: and pontile that neither
of them can forirct it. Tho first of
them was called magna charta per emi
nence, and, all together, they made up
tho "British constitution." Now, our
old Uannastown men knew this con
stitution, and stood npon it to the let
ter. They would be loyal, but the
king must bo true. And they well re
membered, too, of having often heard
their grandfathers tell of how more
thsn one bund red years before a British
king one Charles undertook to play
false and deny the bargain, and tbey
caught Mm and cut ott bis bead Tor it.
T 1. ; 1 . Allliul .I. ,.!...
especially when his son James tried
the same game and wss chased away.
That made an end of it. Ho British
king since has dared to violate this
bargain in Great Britain, but they bar
elsewhere.
One ol th main articles of the Brit
ish constitution nrovided that the kins
could not only levy any taxes from but
subjects without their consent, or what
is the same thing, the consent of their
representatives in parliament, Tbia
was fundamental and vital to th xis
enos of security and liberty, beeaus
tbey belim the king, he other people,
CLEARFIELD,
waa not likely to do mischief unless he
bad more money than was iiecossary,
and tbey therefore would not allow
him to raise any till he bsd first con
sulted them. This was iu Magna
Charta, distinctly set forth, and was
of perpetual obligation. John Hamp
den stood upon it and staked bis all
lost his life, indeed, rather than pay
twenty ahillinirs ship-money upon coin.
pulsion and without law. bo it was
with the old men whose deeds wo com
memorate. They would not pay upon
compulsion either, b It ever so little,
not even six cent a pound on tea.
When tbo colonials came over bore
and settled tbey were authorised by
thoir charters to establish local legisla
tures, with whose consent they might
he taxed for local purposes, but no writ
waa issuou auworixing tnem to senu
their representatives to tho parliament
of the empire in which tho imperial
taxes were consented to and appropri
ated for imperial purposes. If, then,
they could be compelled to contribute
to the latter it must Do done lurougo
their local lcsislaturos, to be done law-
fully. Thus they kept Magna Charta
and John Hampden in mind all tba
tun as precept and example, upon
such corner stones they had seon the
freedom and prosperity of Groat Brit
ain rest firmly, and they believed tho
colonies could build on the same foun
dation, If their representatives could
not sit in tho British parliament their
money snoum not go into we nunn
treasury o help them God they would
flirht and die brat.
. This waa the general feeling of the
people of the Old Thirteen. It ex
pressed itself in prayers and appeals
to the king snd parliament not to vio
late the English constitution against
English freemen, because, although
tbey lived in a new world, fur away
and few iu number, they wero still
Englishmen and their rights followed
them, and were as much a part of them
aa their arms and legs. '1 o say that a
man waa without these rights was to
aa- he waa no Englishman, a slave and
a miscreant ,
Tboy next refused to pay illegal
levies, and in earnest of their deter
mination refused to write on stamped
paper, woultl not wear English cloth
nor drink taxed tea nay, more, would
throw this last article into the sea.
They should not pollute our soil by
their unholy presence. Give taxed tea
to the mermaids and porpoises; let
them drink it.
Finally, when prayer failed, when
remonstrances were of no effect, and
when evon tho repeal of the obnoxious
measures was coupled with a continued
assertion of the right there without
representation, the threat of the Inde
pendence waa raised, the bond of the al
legiance would be snspped, and they
would be free. They said to their
king, "You think we are slaves, we
know you are a tyrant ; if you have
violated your coronation oath, wc are
absolved from ours."
The resolutions passed one hundred
years ago, which commemorate to-day,
although not an absoluto "Declaration
of Independence," are in the nature of
an "ultimatum, and tl not accepted by
the lintish government, did amount
to a severance of tbo connection be
tween -the two countries. It is im
possible to read them without feeling
that their authors were sternly in ear
nest, and that nothing would pacify
them except an unconditional repeal
of tho obnoxions statutes and a dis
claimer of the right to tax without
representation. In othor words, they
made all the declaration possible or
prudent to be made at a primary meet
ing of the people, in which each indi
vidual sxke only for himself.
The result of these and similar ex
pressions of opinion on the part of the
peoplo, hundreds of them no doubt
everywhere, showed itself, however, a
little mors than a year afterward when
Congress on the Fourth of July ,1776, put
forth the great Declaration, which au
thoritatively and iorover closed the
door to any further question.
I give this brief and imperfect sketch
of the ground occupied by our ances
tors, where they got their idea of lib
erty and security which underlaid it,
and how strongly they must have been
impressed with the necessity of stand
ing upon it if they would preserve
their character and condition as free
men. There was no hesitation, no fal-
term,; : and however painful and dang
erous it might be, they did not for
one moment think of giving up any
part ot that great charter wbicb
the barons of England had wrung
from King John five hundred and sixty
years before, and which the English
people bad compelled their kings to
confirm and ratify no less than tbirty-
eigiht times during that period. It
shows the inestimable value of a sim
ple truth or principle, when in the
course of time a nation or peoplo, con
vinced of its soundness, make it their
own and are guided by il as th com
pass guides the mariner in tho mtstt
perilous storms. No man can doubt
tbat tho freedom and progress of the
United States, as well as the healthful
and inspiring elements in their govern
ments, federal and state, are lineally
descended from the pnuciples struggled
lor and established In the strtlo ot six
hundred year between the overeietia
ot Great Britain and the English people.
without tbem lbs great republic bad
never been.
And we can as little doubt that it
was th faith th heroes of th revolu
tion bad in the rectitude of those prin
ciples, which sustained them in the
long and arduous contest to make good
the position they assumed here this
day one hundred years ago. This is
shown . conclusively by their conduct
aa soon as success had crowned their
efforts. Having broken irrevocably
with their hereditary king, the next
question was, who shall be our sover
eign now f A question this of most
momentous import one more so never
was ssked amongst mon. Hhall it bo
a hereditary king, or an elective prest
dentr Their experience with kings
bad not been of an assuring kind, and
they bsd little difficulty in discarding
a monarchy, in which not only the
personal qualities of th monsrch but
even the sex depended upon the acci
dent of birth.
Tho only alternative possible to tbcm
was the rule of the majority, with such
limitation as they might hedge about
it. This, too, at that lime was an ad
venture that required no small amount
of courage, as well as faith in our com
mon humanity. Before that time it
bad been said it waa absurd to allow
to the classes wbicb alone made gov
ernments a necessity the power to es
tablish, regulate and control that gov
ernment. That the naasions and nre
judices of the many had always so far
ocen in excess of tbir wisdom and
moderation ; tbat in their hands powor
would be unsafe, and finally most de
structiv ; tbat th equality of men was
a falsehood : tbat their freedom depend
ed npon themselves ; and tbat a gov
rumen. In which th Dexml ihoald
play oo other part than a mere barrier
it'1 V?V
PRINCIPLES, NOT MEN.
PA., WEDNESDAY, MAY 28, 1875.
to the extension of power was a delu
sion and a dream, "begun in folly,
closed in tears ;" that they would be
come tho dupes of demagogues and the
prey ol rings linen caned "tactions,
cliques,") and, finally, as a last resort,
bo act to devour ons another in order
that the superior few, who alone andor-
stood and appreciated peace and order
at lis truo worm, migni nave it.
These arguments tailed, however, to
convince the pooplo, snd they adopted
the republican form of government,
checked and balanced to render it as
sufo as possible. !
Hero again, then, education for cen
turies stood them in time of need. If
the maioritv is to be SDvoreiirn. it must
consent to be limited And restrained in
the exercise of its soiroreign functions
both as to tho mode and manner of
their exercise, and ilso as to tho ex
tent of Its JuTidietin and authority.
It niUSl ConoollB tb4 U Mrrre ot.o.11
only be benifioent, and K must stipu
late not to usurp the right to do mis
chief. How shall this be dose? Write
it dowu and solemnly sweat to main
tain it. This was the mode adopted,
and it is perhaps the first instance in
the world ot a formal written constitu
tion as a compact between the majority
and the minority.
Into the new constitution all the
provisions of the British charters of
liberties, at all applicable, wero incor
porated von the bald, terse phraseol
ogy in which they were couched orig-
iuully, is mostly retained in our bill of
rights ol to-day. lo th first genera-
tions after the revolution these great
truths were held sacred, and there are
thousands of men yot living, who can
well remember the nnanimity of be
lief wbicb prevailed, tbat the perpet
uity ol etir institutions ana the free
dom sud security of the citisens de
pended entirely uiion the inviolability
of these great constitutional principles.
1 boy wore neither so weak and fool
ish as to suppose that majorities like
individual sovereigns could not be false
to pledges and recreant to high trusts;
nay, more, tbey knew that when ma-
jorites wero oppressive and despotic,
tbey were even more wrong-headed
and difficult to manage than the rovsl
.Stuart family. Unscrupulous and am
bitious men in excited times, backed
by a majority inflamed by passion and
misled by prejudices, are ant to pro
ceed in much greater extremities than
tba worst ot kings, as was demon
strated most clearly in France during
the reign of terror, when it was not
necessary to he guilty to bnng distin
guished beads to the block; it was
enough to be suspected.
1 be groat object of government Inv
ing the protection of life, liberty and
property, Magna Charta was largely
drawn upon to secure it. . The country
was to be irovemcd bv its principle
embodied in the law, leaving the smal
lest possible chance for the exercise of
arbitrary power. Therefore, npon the
establishment of the federal constitu
tion in 1789, and when all the vast ma
chinery of oar government, state and
national, was put. into sucresslul opera
tion, it was no doubt the stiblimest
spectaclo men bad ever seen. The
nstions ol the old world were amased,
and nothing could exceed their wonder
and admiration in looking at the beauty
and harmony which prevailed through
out tbo whole union, Tho most intel
ligent and refined aristocracy in Europe
could not have framed these govern
ments with greater skill or elegance.
The rough and hardy adventurers ot
tho new world bad shown their ap
preciation of genius, learning and wis
dom in selecting th great men of the
agejto fashion their institutions for them,
instead of the ignorant and presumptu
ous aspirants wbo too otion thrust
themselves forward to mar a work for
which they had no fitness. ' Happy
tho people who could discover such
men as Washington, Franklin, Jeffer
son, Madison and Adams, and confide
in tbem ; but woe to that people who
sunnosea tho most iinnarlant and difH.
cult work allotted to men can be done
by ambitious demagogues wbo are
ignorant of their country's history and
the nature of its institutions. A great
deal more than mere seal ia necessary
to serve the public, and their ability is
not increased by their possession of
the arts of pleasing and flattering their
constituents. In truth, the arts of tho
politician, and the tune he must lose
to acquire tbem, generally disqualify
bim as a statesman, it is only wise
men who can distinguish the "honest
snd capable man" when choosing their
rulers. Hence, so many nations trust
to hereditary kings rather than elec
tion to givo them leaders.
1 bo men of tho revolution seem to
have boen especially fortunate in being
able to command the services of a body
of men unmatched, perhaps, in any age
or country. Tho testimony of Mr.
ntt is conclusive on this point when
he said: "1 must declare and avow that
in all my resiling and study and
it has been my favorite study I
bave read Thucydides, and havo
studied and admired tho master
states of the world that for solidity of
reasoning, force of sagacity and wis
dom of conclusion, under such compli
cation of envuiiiBiwiicvs, no nautiiii or
body of men csn stand in preference
to the general Cvngrcsa of Philadel
phia." I am sorry to say that we are
charged by foreigners with the fault
or being much less circimspeot fn our
selection of hemes than our ancestors
were. Still, from the way in which
popular ideas have been bandied re
cently, it is hoped we may get back to
the purer worship and higher culture
of tlie earlier days of the republic.
1 will now turn to the success which
has attended the establishment of our
form of government, based upon the
principle I have indicated, and which,
as i think, has resulted Irom our
fidelity to them, snd which, if we here
after fail, will be owing entirely to our
disregard of them. The Past, however,
is ours, with its hundred years ot his
tory, as wonderful as any of ancient or
modern tunes, in that period wo rose
from weak and scattered colonies.wlth
a population of 3,000,000, till today we
have 4U,ouO,lHM) ; irom Doing losigmn
cant, wo are now not only a first rate
powor, but in the recent civil war we
actually demonstrated w had materi
al enough within ourselves to make
two ; surely the armies we raised, the
money we expended, the battles we
fouirhl and the havoc we made, ought
to satisfy the most skeptical of that
tact. This war lias another result
wbicb will mark Has an era in human
affairs of the most extraordinary char
aeter. I mean the emancipation of 8,-
MM fkOA nf nn,rrt otavee Tbia event la
wlthuot a parallel,and could only hav
been brought anout in that way ; the
war was bnt enongh to melt their
chains, and their fat is now in their
own hands.
Again: our wealth and material pros.
parity has kept pace with lb lucre
of our population. Our popl are as
well fed, clothed and boosed as uny on
the planet ; and tbey own more land,
REP
equally distributed among tbem, than
any other people. Nor are we behind
in the other and higher forms of civil
isation. We have great and flourish
ing cities; railroads penetrating the
country in all directions, accompanied
by tho Inevitable telegraph linos ; canals
utilising our streams, and steamboats
without number on our great mors;
books on every table, and newspapers
thick as "autumn leaves in Vallam
brosa" enough to cover all the walls
ot our nouses annually with printed
matter. Contrast all this with th con
dition of things in the United Status
one hundred years niro. and we fee ike
living in a new world ; and cortainly,
if we have not improved in our morals,
material comforts have increased a
thousand fold.
Attracted by tho spectacle of our
wonaertul career, emigrants from
Europe have come to us In enormons
nnenrweww , .nrl ehrmirh not at all train
ed to tho employment of such liberty
as ours, nor doctrinated for ages in the
principles of Magna Charta, lhey soon
catch the prevailing spirit of our in
stitutions and laws, and, from the best
evidence we can got, any differences
between them and the children of rev
olutionary ancestry are obliterated in
generation. This lact, perhaps, is
not the least singulnr one in our his
toryhow the foreign emigration to
the United States caused so little dis
turbance, and how rapidly it accom
plished itself to the langnsge, laws and
habits of thought and action. But
there is a ready explanation. The
great mass of European people, after
all, are close of kin.' Teutons, Celt,
and Sclaves were all rocked in the same
Arvsn cradle, and though apart for
thousands of years, when thev come
together again their triiial instincts in
a short time make them one Nay,
having succeeded in making good dem
ocrats of the Jews, it is nioro than
probablo we might succeed with the
Aaro and the rest ol the Khemltic
nations. Such is the influence of free
institutions, and leaving men to pur
sue their own happiness in their own
way, without interference or restraint
on tho part of government, except to
punish them for crime. Tbia. if I may
bo allowed to say it, is the secret of
tb
e wonderful progress and prosperity
of
' the United States ; men being left to
themselves as far as wss possible, con
sistent with peace and order in society.
There was no power or society under
our constitutions by which the religion
of the cititen could be interfered with,
and the result has been to relieve so
sciety from a curse thst has deluged
Christendom with blood for a thousand
years. We havo established tho fact
that all the various religious sects can
exist among ns in peace and harmony
and never once think of masting or
massacring one another. Hcsitlcs, too,
the remarkable truth is now generally
received among us thst the very worst
way to get people to heaven is to drive
thorn there by a road they don't like.
Our system of politics has, too, an ad
vantage now quite noticeable over
most countries in this, that It attract
to the bosoms of the chnrcbes great
numbers of politicians and statesmen
who go for the sake of popularity, but
ho remain to pray. J his exercises
an influence upon them which cannot
help but be beneficial, as It is impossi
ble to say how much mora tho national
reputation would have suffered from
tho prevalent corruption of the times
had it not boen for this saltituary re
straint. Although no one, or very few,
amongst us think of invoking the
agency of government in matters of
religion, wo have nevertheless largo
numbers of good people who have
great faith iu the virtue of legal en
actments to suppress vices the ssrae
ss tbougb they were crimes and the
body politic ia frequently experimented
on -by xealous reformers, who hope to
purge society by acts of assembly and
LiieiiiiiHiBiMonoi iieiiaiuuei. nxponence,
however, soon convinces the sovereign
majority that these panaceas, if applied,
only irritate the sores they intended to
heal the laws are repealed and the
patients remitted to the laws of nature.
If they remain asleep on the statute
book, they are only invoked on rare
occasions when a malicious prosecutor
under cover of a moral intent, seeks to
avengo himself upon an enemy, in
which bo nnus out little favor. Tho
subject of the proper domain of law is
now being examined and discussed,
snd the great journals and periodicals
of the country being generally sound,
it is confidently anticipated that before
long, all will see that morality and
purity can no more be secured through
the intervention ot the civil magistrates
than when they roasted Jews as horct-
Ics and old women as witches. Social
science is even going further to throw
down these idols of the forum, and it is
beginning to obtain that the world ran
do with much less governing than It
has been usual to apply to it. That
the more freedom the peoplo enjoy in
all their pursuits, and the less they are
trammeled by artificial regtilations.the
bettor. All tbey want is protection
against fraud and violence in cases
here they cannot protect themselves
-eAeepi "in the case ol cities where
sanitary- and police regulations may he
necessary to oompel such Close neigh
bors to observe a measure of duty to
ward one another aa wonld be absurd
in rural districts. By thus narrowing
the sphere of government to the limit
of necessity, many advantage derived
from a virtuous parental rule would ot
course be lost, but on the other hand
we would avoid the thousand mischiefs
and dangers which would beset ns In
tb hands of knaves and tyrants. If
you could hare such an emperor as
the Anlomnes, a despotism were bet
ter than the beat republic; but the
earth produces a hundred Noroes and
Caligula for one Washington, and we
had better forego the advantages to
avoid the risks.
Thoro are evils incident to all gov
ernmentsevils we cannot avoid bat
it will ho found that they are all reme
dial hy the people if they stand npon
Msgna Charta and the principles in
nnd added to it hy the English speak
ing people. Our rulers insy be corrupt,
but we ran dismiss and punish them
when we nnd it out. 1 ho r.nglish did
this, and now such a thing as specula
tion and hrilssry with them ia of the
rarest occurrence, no It will be with
us, for no people when they one know
mi -ii . i : . i l- .i i i
win miuw mcir cxcnrftiiiur 1AJ uv ruum-u
with Impunity. The same is true with
regard to other misc hiefs upon the
condition, however, that we leei, un
dorstand and maintain the principles
of the Msgna Charta, because without
these we have nn resort. 1 ho great
principle Involved in the American
revolution waa that there shall be no
taxation without representation. Bnt
suppose your representation is corrupt
What then Your answer Is, "Vote
it out." But suppoM it refuses to be
voted out, and falaifi returns f Sup
pose It resorts to tb thousand devices
of canning and unscrupulous men to
defeat your vote? What remedy have
BEilli
Ha
you then? 1 answer, tho common j
sense of tho people and rheir uvtnr of'
revolution.
If those fail, there is an eud to 1 1 it-
rule of tfce majority; and as the people
must still surrivo lhey must Imve o
ruler; this ruler will boa despot, bo-
causo thoso who have forgotten not
only the principles but tho act ol har
nessing a majority according to Mugua
Charta, will require a long period of
sunenng und oppression before return
ing manhood will onablo them to de
clare thoir independence. It ia not
difficult to destroy s constitution such
as that of 1789, nor hard to derange the
admirable machinery it governed; but
when this is otico done t lie chances are
that it will never bo restored. If the
lifo and soul of it docs uot exist iu the
majority, as it did iu the mon of the
revolution, it will never return to stay.
This waa illustrated in Roman history,
when hopeful nthuiasUi like, Jlicuzi
ana outers uuciiiiia ., ..Il-it7:!
tho ancient republic. It w as the ghost
re-visiting th earth for a short period
without being nble to resume its ma
terial form.
Tbo great use, then, to which wc
can put this day, is to revive in our
selves tbo recollection of the great
truths which aro everywhere to be
found in our Bills of lfight iinnrue
them upon the hearts of our children
and teach to all that in them wc have
the most sacred legacy Hint has come
to any people in modem times.' Far
more potent than tho statue ol the!
xldess which lell Irom heaven in old
roy, and as a palladium fur mure ef
fective fbr our defense; nnd, iu con
clusion,! can only repeat that with
tbcm our liberties are bound up one
and inseperahle forget them, and tho
others coaso to be, Itemcinbcr them
ss your fathers did, snd tho halo of
glory which now surrounds their mem
ories will shod a lustre upon yours,
when our children one hundred years
from to-day, in 1975, shall meet here
to repeat in reverence the flint spoken
wonts of independence in tho heuring
of one hundred millions of freemen,
then living within the United Stales
of America. Amen.
THE LOST GRAVE. ;
If vou have ever passed the old de
serted gravcywrd on Iiussol street.
tho House of Correction, you know
that there la lint a more lonely spot III
Detroit. It is a score of years since
any ono was buried thoro. The fences
lean in or out ; tho few trees aro ragged
iu limb and trunk ; the woather-hcnlen
headstones lean this way or that, or
bave falleu down. The rich and the
IHxir who sleep under tbo ragged sod
lave been dust fur years, and it uny of
them left friends behind they aro scat
tered now, and are 'not here to fill up
tho sunken graves and plunt a (lower
to take the gloom away.
The other day people saw un old
woman wandering through tho grave
yard, brushing the moss from some of
the headstones to look al the letters,
and studying lung over the quaint
characters carved intootbers. II vend
by she crossed the street, atjd wit down
on the steps ot a cottage, and when
people saw how old and feeble sho was.
and that her eyes wero full of tears,
they pitied her. Mie could not answer
at first, but by and hy she told them
that sho had come hundreds of miles
to take a last look at a grnvo w hich
she could not find. Half a century
ago she buried a child there, and all
through the long, long years, though
moving here snd there, her mother's
heart had not forgotten the dead. Old
now, her stein feeble and her locks
gray, and feeling that she bsd but Ut
ile longer lo remain on earth, she hsd
come clear across the State alono to
have a last look at tho littlo grave.
Years had gone by, but sho thought
she could walk right to the spot, and
there was half a hope in bor heart that
strangers' hand might have kept tho
headstone wbito and the gravo as when
she last saw iU. Sho found tho old
yard cut up hy streets, the city all
around and beyond, and ol hundreds
of mounds and headstones which she
once saw but a score or so were left. .
She sought among tho leaning
headstones, and she stood under the
dying willows, and searched the field
fur the small stone which bore the
words "Our Willie," but the flight of
time and the band of progress were
mora powerful than a mother's leva.
r in y years smco tho little dead body-
was lowered into its grave I Hull' a
century since the headstone was plaoed
to mark the spntl And yot her moth
er's heart brought her back in her old
age, with the hope that her tears might
fall upon the little grave, obliterated
and passed from sight forever.
It was sad enough to seo tours lull
ing down ber wrinkled checks, and to
know that her old heart was aching
with disappointment, and men spoke
kind words to ber, and women wiped
thoir eyes in symathy. Looking
through ber tears at the bleak and
lonely field, its loneliness relieved and
yet mado more lonely by the time-
worn headstuncs and the clumps oi
briars, no wonder thst the poor old
woman 1'olt it ill her lioart. and had to
sob out: "I'm afraid 1 can't find him
in heavon heaven's so large T" De
troit Free JVc.
HUTTEH TaCTOMES. '
Just now, factory butler, like fac
tory cheese, brings an ox tra price. In
butler factories, as In choose lactones,
a superior clsss of bolp is employed, as
we think tho exiiense to the patrons
are lightened and the profits increased.
We find it so among our chocs fac
tories, and no fanners' wife who has
been once rid of cheese making would
be willing to return to the old method.
It Is just so with farmers' wives, if tho
farmers were to once adopt thcfitrtory
system of making huttter. It is such
a relief to the family. And as the
sales aro generally made oftunor, there
is the atlvsntage of having ready
money. The samu modu of dividing
expenses and the proceeds of sales may
be employed in cnecsii lactones, ur a
company may lie formed to buy the
milk. 1 r only cream might lie taken
to tho factory. Aa to the buttermilk
and skimmed milk, they mav lie fed
to hogs or calves. If the factory is
conducted on the pro rata system, a
good way would be to purchase calves
or hogs with the money ot lb patrons,
taking those ol the patron at a nxod
ret perponnd, put tnora together snd
employ a man to take care of them. If
st.y additional feed is needed, let It be
puruhaacd with tho common fund, le
' .: i ,1.. ci
Wll .innu. ,wuii,,m. e,. Mm'f.
when the hogs or calve are dispoaed
of, let the profits be divided pro rats.
It senms to us that this would givs
satisfaction, and we know h would
mak freer, hsnpicr homes, to get rid
of tb car and dradgery of th dairy.
This, to us, Is a vital oonsideration and
induces as to favor any kind of profit
able aaaoriation that will lift the hurdotl
from th back of our women. t7fm
Htrntd.
- " ;L ;
.WW 1 i
1 4
TEEMS $2 per annum in Advonoe.
NEW SERIES-VOL. 10, NO. 2L
ST. ClAIR.
Tb nhvol claim of Westmoreland
county, IV, to slmra the doubtful revo
lutionary honors of Mocklenberif, re
vives tho memory ol St. Clair, whoso
melancholy story is closely Interwoven
with tho local history of Westmore
land, and whose neglected bones moul
der somou-hero on one of its most deso
late mountain ridges. , . ,
' On tho ovening of Dec. 19 1791, a
company of gentlemen were dining at
a pleasant contry sent in the suburbs
oi j'hiiadelphia with Gen. il armor, an
otnoer Whose name, like t. L lair a,
inseparably connected with a groat
military disaster In tbe -Northwest.
it was iste in tho evening wben tbey
were startled by the sadden entrance
or a traveler who bore the marks ot a
long and toilsome jounuy through tho
wiioerne. ' j ne stranger was major
Doming, once aide-de-camp to Marmrr,
ho told of the surprise and massacre of
a hopetul army, nnd of conflagration
along the frontier, from Lnke Erie to
the Colonics, was the saddest since
llraddock s bloody rout in thu lionon
gshela thickets. - Major Denney bad
already delivered his despatches to the
President snd Secretary of War. .Tho
nows was an awful shock to Washing
ton nntl, according to certain traditions,
threw him into a fnrv in which he
condescends to rave like an ordinary
mortal. The father of the late Wil
liam M. Meredith, than a lad of nino
teen, heard th narrativo as it wss de
livered to the eager party at Gen.
H armor's, and the deep and painful
impression it mado- upon those old
rsmpaignurs was the pre sago of St.
Clair's unhappy tales -
- ruroiiinino present century, Ar
thur St. Clair, old, feeble, and alltiftod,
kept a wrotohod log tavern on tho
Chesnut Ridge, Westmoreland county.
On thu 18th of February, 1809, old
Ephmim Douglas, of Fayette, passed
that way, and gave this illustrious
soldier one hundred dollars in phy and
iu charity. Upon the note for the
old man insisted upon his ttking a
promise to pay on demand Douglas
wrote the following endorsement :
Never to bo demanded. To save the
feelings of an old friend, 1 accepted
this receipt, after refusing to lnke an
obligation." .. -, f
nil Amherst at Louishurg and
Wolfe al Quebec, a major gcncrul in
the revolutionary army, president of
Congress and Governor of tho north
western territory, this great mun ol
battle and ulTairs spent the lust years
of his life in a pitiful effort to provide
tor a numerous inniity ny Keeping tins
mockery of a tavern on n solitary
mountain road. A few davs ago his
descendants were offering to eell his
laH'rs tor a small sum, ami it would
liave been a just and graceful thing
had the general government seen lit
to buy them.
coMPULtionr preach isg.
Bishop llosecraus of Columbus, l
gives tho following reasons tor not
plaving temporary chaplain to tho
Ohio Penitentiary :
Coluhbcs, O., March 21), 1875.
Itev. W. Ferguson and Col. G, S.
Inncs :. .
GiHtlnium Your courteous invita
tion to preach before tho inmates of
tho Ohio penitentiary has been receiv
ed with thanks. It is impossible for
mo to do so next , Sunday, however
much I might bo inclined.
In regard to the appointment of
some future Sunday, yon will permit
me to speak frankly, nnd 1 hope to do
so in such a manner as to show my ap
preciation ol your personal courtesy,
while I explain to you the reason why
I would prelor not to accept the invi
tation. In the first place, preaching in our
church is only a very small incident of
religious service 1 which consists ot ,
things of weightier importance. I
should be vory loath to put any ser
mon oi nunc up for "religions ser
vice." Secondly, I should dislike to intrude
my discourse un thoso of the inmates
whose attendance is compulsory. We
welcome non-Catholics to our church,
because they come voluntarily, and
leave us freo to preach our own doc
trines, nnd when they are tired of lis
tening, or annoyed at what is snid.can
go away. But I should feel very un
comfortable to know that I must re
frain from saying what I conceive to
be what is for the real good of my
hearers, or saying it must ruffle tbe
feelings of those who cannot help en
during it.
W itk many thanks for your courto-
sy, I remain, gentleman, your obedi
ent servant.
- H. II. HOSECRANS,
Bishop of Columbus.
HERBERT KPESCEfl OX MAR
HI AGE.
Herbert Spencer is really and truly
s "philosopher," and has dome much
and noble work to enlighten t lie
present L'rcnerntion on p-mvn ami vltnl
sulijeelH. Hut, like Dnrwin, Huxley
and others ol tbat school, b is not a
physiologist, and therefore is liablo to
great and filial errors in his teachings,
lie never runs into foolishness, like
poor Stuart Mill, who, save on the ono
subject of freo trade, was almost in
variably wrong on every question ho
over discussed, and like the laic 3lr.
Greeley, with tho "best inteutions" in
tho world, ditl more thsn any other
man perhaps to delude and bewilder it,
but lie (SHinocr) is still, as Wo bave
said, linnlo to great errors from tgnor-
ance of the fundamental laws ot life.
He has reeeutly silvanrcd the opinion
that mainugo Is not a cause nl long
evity, but rnthcr that it is an effect, or
in other words, that peoplo with great
vital lot-cos are more likely to marry
1 his is nonsense. Men and women
live longest who most conform to nat
ural laws, and as marriage, nr the
normal propsgntion of their kind, is
the most primal of alljaws, marriage
docs prolong existence. Of course it
is often absurd, through ignorance and
wilfulness, hut if any tncro human
function can bo nr should bo elevated
into a sacrament, It is surely that of
marriage. -
John Oakford, a well-known citizen
of Philadelphia, died at the residence
of his daughter, In New Castle, Del.,
on the 30th nlt..at an advanced ago.
He was for many years an active and
influential Dcmtmratie politician In the
old District nl Sonthwarb, and was re
warded upon m election of Uenerel
Pierce to the Presidency hy tbe posi
tion of Chief Clerk of tho Postoffice
Department, EnoVr Judge Csmphell,
tho Postmaster-General. Ue was) a
roan of more than ordinary intelligence,
of Unblemished integrity and won
derfhl II is aeqnalntanoe with
the Bible, Shakespeare and the older
dramatists was astonishing, and bis
general knowledge Try extensive.
therein inciiireruletl In the Ksst
crii Penitentiary, a man nitined George
Woodward, whose skill in performing
bis allotted tasks, notwithstanding the
fact that be is without bands, is the
cause of much surprise to those who
witness it
Woodward, who is now about lhrty
fivs year of age, was born without
arms. His father wasa well lo do farm
er, near Marshallon, Chester county,
at the time ofGi-orgty birth, but.when
thu hitter was a smuliboy, removed to
Ohio. As the lad grow up to nisu
hood, lie was hero brought into con
tact with drovers and horse dealers,aud
soon become a most extwrt horseman.
- -During the war WhJ ward returned
to this Slato, and was a sutler at Camp
Cadwnlader for a time. While at the
latter place he purchased a horso.which
proved to havo been stolen. Being a
stranger he could not prove the pur
chase or his own character, and he was
convicted and sentenced to imprison-
mont in tho Eastern Penitentiary. In
1870 having, it seems, iron regularly
into the business, be attempted to
"run" a stolen horse out West from
here, but was arrested at Cbambors
burg, and anon trial, was convicted
and sentenced to fourteen year ia th
Eastern Penitentiary, of which b ha
served about four years.
Woodward is a man of intelligence,
and seems to be naturally bad of heart,
lio also says that his past experience
has fully taught him the value of an
honest life, and after he aball hav
boen released be will lead a proper
life-, ,
Upon bis commitment there Wo
somo doubt as to whether be eoold be
placed at luW of any kind, but he soon
convinced thoso In charge of bim that
.- . .. . . a
in this cose, as dextrous as tho average
prisoners, if not mora so. He was put
to chair making, and soon became a
first-class workman. He has earn
ed, since his term begun, tbe ssra of
fire dollars, which he has invested In
a certificate loan of Philadelphia, ,
Woodward's arms are perfectly
formed to the wrist, but from that point
they taper off, being about two or three
inches in thickness at the end. He
works with the utmost care, using his
feet in' place of fingers. Ho shaves
himself quite artistically, and writes a
very good "hand." Altogether he is
much more clever than most of the
handless persons who have exhibited
about the country.
No Go. Mr. Henry Wattcrsou, of
the Louisville Courier-Journal, does not
seem inclined to rush into a third party
movement just at present. He says:
"On the whole, Mural Halstoad's
scbemo of a third party movement,
looking to nominato Charles Francis
Adams tor President, and by getting
him early in the field to force the reg
ular Republicans to take him just as
tho Democrats were forced to tako
Greeley, docs not strike us. ' That
scheme cannot bo executed twice and
on different politicaal sects. It failed
badly in '72, and it will fail worse In
0. Mill there is much true inward
ness in it. and true inwardness is a good
thing in Brooklyn."
Over 1100,000 worth of dogs, princi.
pally pointetaand setters, ware brought
to this country from Englsnd during
tho past two years. Tbe furor about
Laveracks, red Irish setters, Gordons
snd kindred breeds ia now as great as
was over thst in Jspan about spotted
rabbits. No dog that costs less thsn
11,000 is now considered worth own
ing. These ' valuable animals have
thcirpedigrers preserved with ss much
care as lb nobility of England.
Givino Him Warning. The Phila
delphia Tones more than intimates tbat
the late ot Doss Tweed awaits fn tbe
near future Boss John L. Hill, chief
Commissioner of Highways for Phila
delphia. Hill recently gave an enter
tainment such as the New York Boss
was wont to givo when "there was
millions in it." The TYaiet thinks a
three thousand dollar 'office scarcely
warrants a nve thousand dollar sapper.
On the Lookout. .Russell Errett.
Chairman of the Radical Stat Com
mittee, has sent a circular letter to all
th Radical papers in tb 8tat telling
tbem not to act on th defensive, and
not to try to axplain anything, as
such a course will endsngor "Republi
can" success next year. Very well.
We will so how long these instruc
tions will hold.
Governor Tilden weighs only one
hundred and thirty pounds, but when,
wnn or wimuut nis wig, o sit uown
on a ring it squirm. He is sixty-six,
but so comely and engaging tbat tb
msidons wish be wouldn't confound
plain gold with canal rings. His pock
et and cellar are both full, and bs it
as ready in polling a cork as in open
ing nis purse-stnngs.
Judges Brooks and Dick recently
in their rospecive charges to grand Ju
ries, in North Carolina, declared tbe
criminal features of the Civil Bights
sot unconstitutional. The decision of
these judges are based npon tbe prin
ciple that no Isw can make different
races socially equal.
A negro preacher of Georgetown,
Delaware, recently murdered his wif
and then escaped. II succeeded in
eluding the omcors for several days,
but was finally captured In tbe attic or
tho negro church. While concealed
there, he hoard the tunoral sermon ot
his murdered wife.
The Pittsburgh leader, in speculat
ing as to tho probable Republican can
didate for State Trcasuer, says tbat it
seems to be understood that I). H. Wal
lace, Lawrence county, is the Quay-
llutan candidate, and that itawle, ot
Erie, is supposed to be th Mackcy.
13, il mun.
Fernando Wood, th noted politician
of New Y ork, is a descendant of Henry
Wood, a Friend who was driven from
New England and settled on the Dela
ware, above, Camden, about 1660.
Wood has boon elected to Congress six
time, and Mayor of Now York three
tunes.
Miss Sarah I. Iwis, was elected
county Superintendent ol the public
schools of Tioga county, on Monday,
tho 4lh init. the oonleal between
bor snd Mr. Ward waa vary do, th
vole being 104 (or Mia Lswissod 10S
for Mr. Ward ; Miss Lewis received
one of a majority.
Edwsrd C. Marshall, son of Chief
Justice Marshall, 70 year of age, hi a
clerk In the Pension Office at 11,200
alary.. Mr, Marshall reside io tb
city of A h)xandria,lot all hi property
during the war, is delicate in health,
and resemble his father.
The Radical 8tale Convention metis
in Lancaster, on tbt 2Cth of lbs pres
ent month. There is no opposition to
th ro nomination of Governor Hart
ranfl, but it it not certain wbo will
be the victim let np for sterile in tbt
rtc for Stilt Treasurer.
A Sunday School teacher told ber
class abont the wise and th abolish
virgins, and asked them tbe next Sun
day to repeat the story. All baton
little mis bad forgotten, and sh only
remembered that it wss about "thsm
women who forgot their kerosene."
' Tbo 1 1 fTrWoeJM. tyi I "Wt
tost declia tb advics of a Chicago
oontomponr to try Cincinnati whiskey
as a remedial agent in any cast what
ever. A single drink of Cineinstatl
whiskey 'give oat foaling of 'true
inwardness' that w deepest.