Clearfield Republican. (Clearfield, Pa.) 1851-1937, March 22, 1871, Image 1

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    THE
rLElRFIELD RE1TI.I.ICAV
vtiimw Braaf BaMfKarur, sr .
(; DOPL4 K Dt II A llAfiEY)'
"CLKAKI'IKLD, IA.
;T Ull Mil I l I B IDll,
i The lret Clrculatloa of any k'ewapaper
la north Cealral PeanevlTaBla.
Terms of Subscription.
If m.J in J'nMi within 3 mlDlbl.... OO
if nti-1 after I and bcfor 6 aionth.,
3 SO
3 OU
I after lh atnlraliea of aioathi..
i Eates of Advertising.
: Trui'" adaertlsMaoaia, P" aquaraef M Hum or
' ., J tiBM lMl iO
V Vjr each fuu.ecuent tmrrtlon 50
i li.-miatrater' nd Kxacutor' aotioea S AO
B bailor' notion 1 50
i r.iitu till Eitreyi 1 50
D i,luli,m notiecl ............ J 9
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f l.nfil notice, per line ... 15
YEtRLY ADVERTISEMENTS.
t eyitre.....
.rjirr.
I iqisraa .
..IS 00
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1 aolumu.....
column
1 eelaoYB...
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to oo
Job Work. '
BLAXKeJ.
;orl( qlr-.... 50 0 ;ulr,pT.quira,fU JS
J q J.oi, pr, quire, J 00 I Oraf 8, per quire, 1 50
HANDBILLS.
.S--t,!Sr loa $5 00 I ) sheet, 15 or leu,$5 00
Jiht-I. Jiorlcai, lull ht,ij at leaa.10 00
Over 13 of each of akora at eiroportronata TBtea
GKOBOB n. OOOPLANDER,
UKJKUE HAUERTY, , ,
Card's.
witt-tia a. wAi.itri. run riCLBtss
WALLACE &. FIELDING,
ATTOIIKETS-AT-LAW, ,
Clearfield. Pa.
"iT-T.c-il buiince of all htnde attended t
'h promptneea and fidelity,
Offioo In re-id -ere
j.nl!:;
f V.illiani A. Welluoa.
A. W. WALTERS,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
Clearfield, Pa.
Vfi-RIBe in toe Court Ifoaio. ' Y!S-ty
H. W. SMITH,
ATTOKHEY-AT-LAVr,
jrl ' riearDeld, Pa. 1j
ISRAEL TEST,
ATTORNKY AT LAW,
Clearfield, Pa.
df-OBil la tha Coart DiHiaa.
JOHN H. FULFORD,
ATTORNEY AT LAW, : '
Clearfield, Pa.
OEca ob llirk.t St , ft Uartialek A Irwla'i
Dm( Stora.
ftPronpt atuatioa vivoa to tha aeearlnf
of Bontr. Clairnt, Aaaad la all legal aailooM.
M.rtb ii, 1107. Ij.
thos. at. M'ctLLocci. wm. H. nVtrti oroii.
T. J. McCULLOUGH & BR0THEE,
AiroHXtYS AT LAW, ;
l learfleld. Pa.
Offaa oa llarkat atroat ana dor eaataf tat Clear.
laid County Dank. I I II
J. B. McENALLY,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
Clearfield. Pa.
JtaT" Legal buiineai attended to fraaiptly with
aiielil. Ofnea a baooad atraat, above le Firat
(aiional Bank. , 1 :2a T 1 lypd
ROB CAT WALLACt, .
ATTORNEY - A T - LAW,
Vallaraton, Clearfield County. Penn'a.
fefvAll leal buiinraa tromptly attaoled to.
4. r. tarta
,.B. U. KBRM
IEVIN & KEEBS,
Fueceaanra to U. D. Swooe,
Law and Collection' Okfice,
clearfielti, ta.
WALTER BARRETT,
ATTORNEY AT LAW.
0t- oa Saeoad St., ClaarSald, Pa. oitII.BO
JOHN L. CUTTLE, .
ATTORNEY AT LAW
Aad Real r.atate Afiit, ClearBrld, Pa.
(.., Taird auael, bat.Caerrt A Walnnt.
rar'Ka.paetruHy efiera hla aerviceala aelliag
aid bitjing landa ia Clearfield and adjoining
aicnlia ; and with aa evperienea of near taeaty
y.ara u a aarrayor, laturt hioaeclf that ha aaa
r.oler latufa-ti.a. frblVel tf
"7. J. lingITeT
ATTOKSE Y - A T - LAW,
110 Oaeaola, C'learHeld Ca.. Pa. yd
J. BLA K E WALTERS,
REAL ESTATE BROKER,
ab BBAi.ra ra
Saw IG nnd Iimibcr,
. CI.MRF1EU), PA.
Real Ktate Vou,lit and aald, titlea examined,
tatp. paiil, and eiiireyaneea brrjiared. KITiRe ia
51aai.nir Putlding, Room No. 1. 1:?.t:71 '
J -ho II. On ia. C. T. Ah laadar.
ORVIS &. ALEXANDER,
ArrorxKYs at la vr.
Bellefuate. Pa. (err.1 J,'i.y
DR. T. J. BOYER,
raystciAN and sesq eo n,
OSre aa Vlarkat Sired, Clearflt'.a. Pa.'
ftOfnea hoan: I ta IS a. m.t aad 1 to 0 p. aa.
DR. W. A. MEANS,
rilYSICIAN i SDRGEOX,
Ll'inERSIH RO, PA.
ill attend profeaaianal aalla praaaptly. aagl0'70
DR. At THORN,
PHYSICIAN & SURGEON,
nAVIXO loeeted at Kylertown, Clearfield ro
Pa,. orTrrs his profefpional prvirrf to (he
tf j.l of the eutTOonding country. SrpL ?9,'t9-y
DR. J. F. WOODS,
PHYSICIAN k SUROEON.
Ilaeing remored to Anvnarillaji, Ta., ofTrrs his
prfpsi()Dal srn ices to the poopla of that plane
and th surroaninf eoaatry. AM falls promptty
attended to. !. Am pd.
F. B. READ, M. D.f
TI1YSIOIAN AND SURGEON,
Kylriiows, Pa
llespeptfallT effera his terriers to the HtWew of
snrroaading eoaatry. aprza asa p.
J. H. KLINE, M. D.,
rnYsiciAX x sudoeok,
HAVINll located at Tennri'M, Pa., nlT.r, Ma
prt.feiHional eerTloe. to the teor!e nf that
and aarrounding country. All eai'. promptly
attende.1 ta. net, 11 tf.
DR. J. P. BURCHFIELO.
lttte 9orgeoQ of th KiJL S,g meat, PennsilTMla
Volunteers, having returned from th Army,
effort hit prnfeaitonal serrices to th eiUseas
ar tfniMieii eoonty.
1Priifers.oa talis frfomptl? attealed to.
tm mm Secoad etroot, formerly arrapieH hy
Ir. Woods. apr,'ftft-U
JEFFERSON LITZ,
T11TSICIAN 4 SURGEON,
nAVIKO located at Oaeea, Pa., effera bia
prefeaeional eert ieea t. I ha rlt af lhat
pl.ca aad aarrou.ding anwatr.
kSavAII ealla promi.tty attend ta. Office J
aad reaidea. en Cant, at., lemtorla eerapied
hy tr. M aa.
,
.QOODLANDEE &HAGEETY,
VOL.41WIIOLl5KO.22I0.
Cards..
JOHN d:thompson,
Juttlce of lh Pe and ScHrtncr,
- r rrwenville( P.
Collection
mid od money prompt) t
Fb. 22, If
paid oror.
JAMES C. BAEEETT. '
JuitiM of Ibf Twee and Lioed ConTeraoccT,
I.utheraburg, Clearfield Co., Pa,
JSVCuIleoiioni Jt ratnitlaneft prooiptlr mad.
and all kinds of legal Initrument xcotpd on
hort nfru. ia?4,70tf
GEORGE C. KIRK,
Justloe of th Ptaoe, BorreTor and ConTtyancr,
Lnthrbirg, Pa
All bntiorri intraitrd t him will bopmnptlr
atienura io. roraoat witoiBg to mpioy ur
rvror will do wall to m'tr hia a eall.A he flatter
himnir that he ean reader latufariion. leedi or
eonveTaaee, artiriet oi agreement, ana all 1nrl
papert, promptly and Matty exeeoted. narOp
MRS. S. S. LIDDELL'S
MARBLE k STONE YARD,
CLEARFIELD, TA.
Bhop on Read. Etroel.' near Pennirlrania
RailruaJ depot
may 18,'Tl:tf.
HENRY RIBL1NG,
UOl'SE, SIOX A ORXAMENTAL PAINTER.
Clearfield, Penu'a.
Tha frefeoina aed paintina af ohareaaa and
othar publie building! will raooira partieolar
atleatioa, aa well aa the painting of carriage aod
jlaiaa. (iiMing done ia tho neateat al) taa. All
work warranted. bur oa Fourth atreet, formerly
occupied by Eiqutra fcbufajt. octlV'70
! G. H; HALL,
PRACTICAL PUMP MAKER,
KEAR CLEARFIELD. FKXN A.
Jfrarapt always oa hand and made to order
en hort notice. Pipet bored on feenaMe IrtiM
AH work warranted to render aaJiffactinn, and
detirered ideaircd. vy3i:lrpd
DANIEL M. DOHERTY.
BAEEEE & HALE DEESSEE,
SECOND STREET,
Jj CLEARFIELD, PA. tf
DAVID REAMS, .'
SCBIYESER k SURVEYOR,
Latherabnri;, Pa.
Tni rubKribar effera hip aerrleea to the puhlia
ia tba caaaotty of beriraner and .Burrryor.
All ealla f-r aurvrying promptly attended to, and
tba making of drafta, derd. and othar legal lo.tra
menta of writing, axeruted without delay.and
warranted to be correal or Bo cbargfl. ol2,7tf
SURVEYOR.
rinS undertigned offora h'.a eerrieea al a Sar-
X error, and nay he Iwnnd at hia retidenea, ia
Lawrence town-hip. Lettera will roaak him di
rected to Clearfield, Ta.
m.y T-tf. JAMES MITCnEI.L.
J. A. BLATTENBEEGEB,
Claim and Collection OlTice,
OSCEOLA, Cleartald Co, Pa.
' .IMP-Coneayaneing aad all legal paper ora.u
wiib aecuraey and di. patch. ltafta on and paa
ang. ticket, ta and Iram any point In Europe
procured. . , ocmO ia
CHARLES SCHAFER,
LAGER BEER RREWER,
Clearfield. Pa.
HAVIXO rented Slr..Eutrei' Drewcry If
bopra hy atriet attention to bnainrfla and
tu waniifaeture of a auperior article of PEEK
to rereiie the patronage of all the old and many
new eaetumcra. Aug. J 5, tf.
THOMAS H. FORCEE,
BB1LIB i
GENERAL Mr.nCHANDJSE,
C.R AIIAMTOS, Pa.
Alao. f xtenaiee manufacturer and dealer In aqaart
Tliabrr and Hawed Lambcrof all kloda.
arp-OrJerl aolieited aad all killa promptly
mied. jyi 'y
ro. LrnT aranr aiaritT w. tiarat
W. ALBERT &. BROS.,
Manufacturer A eltenaire Dealer ia
Sawed Lumber, Square Timber, &c,
WOODLAND, FlINS'A.
rOrdrra aaliriled. Bill Ailed oa abort aotioe
and reaannable term a.
Adder Woodland P. 0 Chtt"ld Oo.
Pa.
Je?4 ly
I l;T A
ltltii.t.
FRANCIS COUTRIET,
M KltC!) ANT.
Firnrlivllle, t learfleld Count), Pa.
Keena oonrtantly oa band a Ml aaaortmant of
lire (loed. Hardware, ttnwwiea, and eeerything
a.aally kept in a retail et.ee, which will ba aold,
for ea.h, aa chenp aa elacwh-re ia tba eoaaty.
Fraachrilla. June 17, IBI.7 ly.
REUBEN HACKMAN,
Houso and Sign Painter and Paper
;. . Hanger, : ;
ClearQeld, Penu'a.
te.WiU eieouta j.Ua ia bi line promptly and
In a wuikaaaalik maaaer. a ri,A7
J. K. BOTTORF'S
riioiouRAru GA.LLERY,
Maiket Rtreel, ClearafU, Pa.
-ckomos hake a firtciALTT.-ex
V'POATIVK made la alnndy, aa well a in
elewr weaibce. TonatantU on hand a rood
aeaoetawat af 'KAMKS. Bl I KKdSCdl'Kti and
t-1 KKi.KM nl'IC VIKMll. Fraaiea, from any
Myle ad aaoulding. made to arder. apr2-tf
c.
KRATZER & SONS,
MERCHANTS, .
BB4LBBS IB
Dry Goods, Clotling, Haidvare,
Callary, Quaeaawae., Grarert, Praetaieae aad
hhinglaa.
Clearfield, Prnn'a. I
er-At their Bewrlnre rmm,en Second street.
Bear II. t. Biglar A U'a ItarJwar atore. Liaal
j. am-ien-avsa a. batis caaar.
HOLLO WBUSH & CAEEI, ,
BOOKSELLERS,
Clank , Cook . Manufacturers,
AND STATIOKERS,
21H .Wcirl-rl SI., rhllartrlphta.
teojvPaper FIor Sarkl and Baga, Fnolwap,
Letter, Jvote, V rojring, Cartam and Vtall
Papua. fel.:4,7-lypd
'LIT TIS MIOPI
FRETV SACKP.TT,
i
ataaafactarer af
Tin, Copper and Sheet -Iron Ware.
Reeling, Spouting aad job work doaasa
BB&nnKaai.a rraw.
Fh"p aa Market St.. Bearly oppo.it tha Jail,
4 0 70 C.LEAKFILLP. l'A.
DREXEL.4 CO.,
Tie. l SWath Third HI met. Philadelphia, ;
...,. , ,
And Dealers in Government Securities.
At.ntlcatioB hy mail will receiee prenrrd atteti- '
lion, aad all informalia ebanfufly lurntied. ' .
tpMMf (
, ,
-' -a -1 - .-.
Publishers.'
THE REPUBLICAN.
CLEAIIFIELD, Ta.
WinSKSUAT MOKXINd, MARCH 21, 1871
A lilt'et erib braid the bed,
A little f?e above the epreaj, '
A litlle frock behind the door,
A liulo ahoe upon the floor. , .
A little lad with tflky hair, '
A huio blue-e?cd toe, and fair,
( A little bin that lead to achool,
A little pencil, tlatc, and rule.
A litlle blitheeome, wineome niaid,
A little hand within hie laid,
A little eoftajre, arroa toor,
A litLl old-time ftwhionod atore.
A litUe faoiilT. gathering rnDU
A little turf heapd, tcor-duwed mound ;
A little added U the soil,
A little ml from hardest toil,
A little silver in his hair,
A Httle stool, arid eauy ehair,
A little night of earth-lit gloom,
A little auruga to the tuuib.
spkf.cii in'
MR. SPEAKER WALLACE,
l arrLr to
Beuator Vtllr In tlie Ptetiate, od March
-. . nth, I Mil.
Mr. Wallace (xicaker An un
plcnoiint duly ha been cant upon mo
uy iub uccorouo ana gculluinunly be
liuvior ol the Senator from Indiana.
During ibe cntiro dittcusaion of tliia
bill, in committed of tbe vrholo, wliilet
I wan upon tha Door and roudr to an-
awer Liin in debate, be was aluiliouslj
ilent, and only wlicn tbo cotnmitteo
roue, and I vrat obliged ta Luke the
tlmir tnd put tbe bill on ita final pug
ngo, did be with studied plirasc, de
liberate manner and evident prepara
tion arite in bia pluco and cominenco
a foul and unprovoked personal at tuck
upon my si II. 1 ougbt not to be cur-priax-d
at lliies for it ia but the parallel
of bis conduct during most oilier polit
ical discubsiuna that, hare occurred
whilst I bnvo bad the bouorof place
in this chamber.
..Mr. Vuit. YilIlbeSenaloralIow
me
Mr.
Wallaci. The Senator will no
permit himself to be interrupted.
I'lte Senator from Indiana has de liber
ately behaved in thU body bo no fjen
lletnnn should behave; and I denounce
hia conduct as ungentlemanly nnd dis
graceful, and in this denunciation 1
bclicvo I am susluined by every Sena
tor upon thia floor, save himself.
V lint is the prc'.eit fur such conduct f
It is, that I asserted llnit I mnrle the
issue in the First Senatorial district
aud demnnded a fair apportionment
bill ; that I hero doccreled from tbe
chair and proclaimed my readiness to
go to llio pooplo upon tbo jnstico cf
this bill. Sir, nlu n in commitlco of
the whole lui-t evening I arose to ad
drct the Senate, I asserted what I
now reiterate, that li e bill is a just,
fair and rquitublo apportionment of
the State, w hen it is taken as a whole;
that I was already upon record in
favor of such a bill, aa 1 had gono to
the Firat Senatorial district pending
the pjieciul election there and had
made tho issue on tbo stump and in
the publio prints, that a fair bill was
the right of the people ; that the bill
oflHtii was unfair ; that the election
of a Democratic Senator in that dis
trict would given the Democrats the
Senate, nnd that with tho Houso and
Governor Republican and tho Senate
Democratic, tha people would have a
guaranty of a junt and fair bill. This
was the exlcnl of my ofTending. Bo
causo of this the Senator from Indiana
fonts his senatorial garments in the
filth and niiro of a decluiined stump
speech; bccatiso of this he pours npon
my devoted head tho volumes of his
biiling"gate ; because of (bis my per
sonal character is assailed ; because of
this a fanciful picture of my connec
tion with the uloclioti in the first dis
trict is sketched, and 1 am coupled
wilb men whom it delights the Sena
tor to stigmatise as without charac
ter; because of this the vile and in
famous political slanders heaped upon
mo by a scurrilous party press, and
which I have heretofore borno in suf
fering and in silence, are revamped
and stamped w ith bis base coinage ;
because of this I am taunted wilh
having heretofore made issues fop the
people and found them unsuccessful ;
ami becauso of th's my conduct as the
official bead of my party is held up to
comment and dorision.
Sir, notwithstanding bis protesta
tions of a desire for fairness, for jus
tice and for right, there is not within
the aonnd of my voice a man more
filled with prejudice, a man whose
mind ia more surcharged with party
rancor, a man who is moro devoted to
pcrsonul aggrandircmcnt, to nclf and
to pelf than the Senator from Indiana.
Ilia acts today have opened the door,
and I do but proclaim in words the
universal sentiment of this chamber.
Sir, I have no defense to make of men
with reborn the Senator has done nio
tbe honor to couple me in funded tip
orations in the Fourth wnnl.jn the
First onntorinl election, lint, air, in
matters thai touch the inner life, in
those thing that make men rcpeoled
and honored in the communities in
which they dwell, in prirnlo character,
in persontil position, there nro rr.en
whom tba Senator holds up io public
soorn, who far excel him who de
noutioos them. Sir, let tbo Senator
cleanse the foul stains from off bis
own raiment, let him go to his home
and renovate nnd purify the atmos
pbero there from tho well grounded
charge that make him a thing to bo
scorned and hissed at, before lie deals
in groundless accusation, in fancy
sketch)-. 1 went lo tha first district
to make the isstio that I hare already
stated; bet It 1s charged that I Man
ipulated lbs machinery of tho clec
tiona, that 1 pcrpatraM-d frauds,- that
my management aided in circling Col.
Dccbcrt. 'Sir, white I was al homo
with my family on the day of that
election, and for a week prior thereto,
ftiA tCnf..n. fp-M l.,i;,ina Mllh, I,,.
. P ' " , . ' ".
chicT, was there, and, in company with
cihm, was engaged in innerriaing that
lf.i :(in
in maLing proimsea norer
fulfill!, ia lasJtjpiiig from point to
3. '.Hill? v. REP
PRINCIPLES
CLEARFIELD, PA., - WEDNESDAY, MARCH 22,
point, in awaiting in perfect confi
dence the conclusion assured when bo
issued tho writ commanding tho elec
tion. But alas for tho mutability of
an mings mundane. Whon, with a
certainly of tho result, vot readv lo
do what was to bo dono in the way of
cuuming, vno senator and in gang in
an airy parlor of tho Girard Houso, al
nine o'clock on that, lo him, over
memorable night, awuited wilh anx
ious mien and throbbincr heart the
bringing of the returns and tho fiat of
the peoplo eumo, and wilb it tha as
tounding news that counting was
played out, be rccosrnigod tho oowor
of tho verdict, "Ho homo, Harry;
thore is nospeakershin for You." Ilia
eyes closed forever upon the beatific
Tiwiow ar' the -wpeaker a chatr. His
pocaets ached lor good things vainly
spont, and with fallen plumos ajid
satchel in hand bo traveled for tbe
railway station, and through all that
dark and gloomy night ho sped bin
wny to tho mountain county of Indi
ana. ' The leadership of bit parly in
this body is tbe ambition of that Sen
ator. His biatory here shows how it
is accomplished. Last year, during
ncarlv the entiro session, tho Senator
from Indiana was not tbe choice of a
majority of Republican Senators for
tbo chuir. No fact is better known,
none moro easily proved; yet, singu
lurly enough, near tho close of the
session, some gentlemen suddenly
changed front, and from the suppor
ters of another, nddenfy became bis
enthusiastic advocates, and ho was
elected lo the place that of right be
longed to his adversary. How this
happened I do not know.
1 simply assert a fact, and can only
guess at tho potent spell that wielded
Iho influenco of which I have spoken.
He assumes to lead his party now,
and with dictatorial tone attempts to
control the legislation of his brethren.
His strength is fully pnved by bis
call for llio yeas and nays but tbe
other day, in which be found a sinlo
Senator willing to sustain bim, whilst
all others arrayed themselves against
bim. To insure the defeat of almost
any measure npon tbo floor of this
chamber, tho championship of that
Senator is the best weapon to nso.
Tbisdoutfhty champion, who aspires
to lead bis party bore and in tho com
monwealth, holds up my acts and my
record ia tbogsrc of the people, and!0"1 como frora man W,,,,H0 mind is
. ... ' . ;i;u.,nn.i I... ..:..,i:.. "..n ,
seeks to muke capital from my ndvo
cocy of this bill. Sir, a vile, disrepu
table and improper character, as the
Senator paints me, I may bo ; but. sir,
I have sought no leadership. I bare
mado no suspicious comliinations.
Yet, when 1 am in tho front, I bavo
an harmonious, united and determined
Mirljr nt my back. They know, sir,
lhat 1 do but soou 4. do m.j. duty,
whether it bo ns an bumble member
or in official position, and they recog
nize that 1 am a Democrat. When I
was called to tho front in 1SG, I was
nt my home, seeking no such promo
tion ; yet, sir, even then, when the
Republican organization was flushed
wilh its success, in tho aenith of ils
power, I accepted tbo leadership of a j
forlorn Dope, and w ith honest purpose
and determined will, I attempted the
reorganization of my party, and
sought lo bring success to ita princi
ples. In IHOti I continued my efforla,
and in prediction of the result that
now confronts us I asserted tbo deter
mination of our adversaries to enfran
chise llio negro. The Republican
majority of nearly 23,0UU in lHii
dwindled to about 17,0UU in 100, and
when in 1x07 my party hearkened to
n.v n,U-i.. anil Ar,nloA a nnli,.- D...I
I, in my humble way attempted to in
culcate, tbo inajorily of 17,000 was
wiped out, and the Stule was once
moro upon llio side of llio Democracy.
When tbo campaign of 1 808 came llio
Democracy of I'ennsylvaniu wero in
the forefront of tbe battle, unci neither
policy nor enndidato was of their
selection. They acquiesced in tho
issuos mado and candidates chosen by
thoir bretbern, and I may be permit
ted lo say that, in llio face of enor
mous expenditure of money by our
adversary, of a military candidate
wilh undoubted popularity at thai
hour, and of stnpondousjiolitical frauds
hy tho Republican organization, no
such contest ' is aipon record a they
mado al the October election of WiH
This, too, sir, in spito of the virulent
daily abuse of my humblo rtelf as their
leader, which tba Senator from Indi
ana has resurrected today in this
chamber, and tbe ntler falsity of which
is as well known lo him as it is to the
Republican Senators who mndo tbo In
vestigation, many of whom are now
here. Sir, these false and infamous
charge of personal derelictions are
reproduced to givo point nnd venom
to an unprovoked personal and politi
cal attack. It was left lo the debased
and groveling mind, to tbe venomous
fury and disappointed political ambi
tion nf a Sonnlnr who Itnnw thrir nn.
truth and should havo been first to
vindicate me, to revamp Iho lie and
stamp it with his endorsement. .Never
before within this chamber have (hose
lies boen n-prodnoed, and I shall not I company appenicu to mo Pupromr
hnaitntn in the. futtim in Hniinnnce I Court, L'cneral term, which allirmrd
them as I do now. as utter, tinmiti.'ii-1
ted nnd absoluto falsehoods. Sir, vile
and disreputable a they would have
you believe I am, in tlmt campaign
led a gallant and determined band of1
three hundred and twonly thousand '
men, who bad confidence in their offi
cial head, and wboso Micrgy and pre
paration made your organization tretn
bio for and doubt the result. The
popularity of your nominee, and luv
ish expeudilnro of your money, gave
you tho preponderance, but your ina
jorily of lMiti was reduced by nearly
ono half, and was equal to but ono
and ono half por ccnlum npon the
wholo vote.
During all of theso yenra Republi
ean tnapirilie wero decreasing, and
when lMill rime and another gentle
man took tburgoof the organization,
again your m spin lies were reduced lit says "1 never learned anything
ono half and in 170 npon Iho popular about bow lo git a living." There is
vote you are found in an absolute. bill one man that can befriend this
minority.
I am cbarired with framinrr tbi hill.
and it i alleged that it is in my Inter-
est. Sir, I do not donr lhat I have'lrum? moro nitnbla than such bislo-
.... .
raw oi me rnamoer connected mi
. ' . . . . ... . , ... . . i
ith
been consulted bvirentlemen upon thisirirsi
j NOT MEN.
tba apportionment, coinmiltoc, as thoy
bari consulted with others. Unity
of action is indispensablo on so dilli
cult a auhjoct, and the-condition of
part oa in Ibis body and with carping
vi-iica rcauy to muKe nntoundod
charges, render it doubly ditlioulL
no fur as any singlo Senator ean be
noiu rosponsiblo, 1 am justly charges.,
ttle. with tbo iniquity of this bill, if
sum, more bo, but lhat it was framed
in oy interest I uttorly and absolutely
deny. ' i Tho Honator turps. at the bill
as it affuels my section of tho Suite,
nnd upon allegod small districts there
charges that I am to bo benefited
from such an arrangemont. In the
psstl buvo boon ns cmcionlly sustain
ed from other localities as in mr own.
That i;ieai field nnd Centre, Forest
and Clarion, and Elk and , Jefferson.
orccuch slightly bolow tho ratio is not
umj.uicu, uuv it, is io tie romombered
that theso very localities have been
largely disfranchised by tbo bill of
1804; for initanco Clarion and Jeffor
son now having one member have
nearly twelve thousand population,
nnd tho others bavo had similar in
justice done them lo a smaller extent.
Io equalizo thoir representation as a
whole, soems to bavo bocn tho idea of
the committee and it is entirely justi
fiable to my mind. But bo charges
that tbe bill io mado in my interest
No Senator who has a mind free from
prejudico, could make such an rgu
meut against this bill. The votes of
every Democratic Senator here arc
necessary to the passage of the bill
and I can tell tho Senator that it is
not the practice of tbe Democracy to
cio unwise or strango things at the
behest of anv individual. Sir, look
around vou ; here opon this aide of
the chamber nro many of my peers;
nay, air, men whom I recognized as
my superiors in nlatcsmansbip and
knowledge, my equals in integrity,
and in evory thing that makes the
man. Not here alone, but in the
party wo represent, arc scores of men,
proud of ita record, dovoled to ils
principles, earnest in ita labors, who
stand a bend nnd shoulders above mo
io intellect and knowlcdgo, and shall
it bo said that these, tbo reprcscnta
tiveo of that greut party, shall sit here
and pander to such a result as tbe
Senator charges npon them f Sir, I
scout and repel tho charge; it could
diseased by prejudice, full of party
raacor, depraved by disappointed am
bition and unable lo preserve bis
eqoilibritim in witnessing the down
full of bis darling schemes. Tho per
sonal charges mado in tho stump
speech ol the ronutnr Irom Indiana,
I have replied to it in warmth and
with feeling. I am, as all men else
re, tranninvn In the hrelli nl'ealiimny,
and from llio public, positions the favor
of mr party friends lias given mo, I
hive received of it more than my just
sis rex Yet, I am even in this not
without vindication, for lhoe who
know me, my friends and neighbors,
sistain tno and support mo. Tho
I fl''drd of priyat0 t.,ulacter is best
burned from tho publio opinion of
t Iks locality in which the man dwells.
T that standard 1 cheerfully bow.
Daro the Senator from Indiana say as
much f
If any offense In s been the support
of my party and ils principles in its
pat-t struggles nnd warfare, I ahull
ngiia oHcnd, and with w hatever of
energy I possess, or of intellect has
beta bestowed upon me, you will find
in engaged in ail legitimate efforts to
8 "ucecM 10 mJ wy and
S0 "0 I'""- Cannot do
otherwise ; I was nurtured In tho bo
liel thai tho principles of lhat organ
ization are just aud vital; they have
grt wn wilh my growth ; 1 could not
shtko them oil if I would ; Iheyarein
tciwuvcn with every fibre of my na
tu'o, and como what will, unmerited
cn umny and undeserved disgrace, vilo
f-ll,f-lu an it lioB Itpna mv lot in tl,n
nasi, or come honor, vindication orlTho exercise or omission of any sue h
encouraging endorsement, I shall pur
ser) tho even tenor of my way and
live and dio a Democrat,
Damaoks fob Baooaiix Cyrus II
M.'Cormick brought a suit sgainst the
Pennsylvania Central Railroad Com
pany for Iho alleged conversion by
tlafin in ifarch, iKtii, of several trunks
and their contenta. Mr. McCormick,
a resident of Chicago at the time, ar
rived in Philadelphia on bis way
home and delivered his baggage lo
tlie company lo be cheeked through.
Tho trunks were overweight, nnd the
aeentreftiscd to cheek them, nllhough
the pnssngo tickets were shown, unless
an additional sum was paid. This
was refused, and Iho reliirn tif the
bagtrigo was demanded, but too late,
as il lad already been forwarded. Un
its ar-ival al Chicago, as there was no
one U receive it, tho trunks were
Morel in the dcot, which wad struck
by liehtning the following nighl, and
consumed
with ihe lurgor part ol tno
On the trial of the action
I ''"Pf L'O-
tho iiry awarded tbo plain till $10,-
(101. td. From this judgtimont tho
the judgment with oosts.
Atvi.r..
rich man's
KnccATio Hero is a
son, who has been ednca-
ted at great expense and pains, who i
Im graduated from college, and hns
eoiae out a gentleman. Ho ha slud
ictl, not wilh a view ol fitting lumsell
I for nny avocation in life, but w ith the
,ief of being a gentleman. He reads
not for the sake of knowing anything,
but for tbe snke of being a gentleman.
Sotti, bis father breaks down ; nnd ho,
whm be is nbout twenty-five years
old lind himself A poor man's son,
and dependent on bi own exei lions.
I An! he says to himself "What shall
I da lor a living ! lie asks In left,
ami his feet any "I do not know."
Iletisk his bunds, and they say "1
do not know," He asks hi head, and
poor wretch, and lhat ia tho sexton
Il'cal - J nnvthintr be more useless limit I
an h a person ? Could thero be any.
hirrr And vot Ihcv are ocrurine ,
.
1 evry day. i
UDJuJ
1871.
S0UTHEEN 0UTEAGES."
Report of Minority Committed- Cut and
Dried ArrangcmeuU
Vie give below the report of the
minority oi tno aclctt commilleo to
investigate the ullesred outrages in tbo
nonmorn Stales. Wo bespeak for it a
cnroful perusal, ns it is a truthful ex
posure of tho mutiner in Trhich the
Radicals, manufacture political capita!
and bow littlo trnth thero is in the
strango stories of outraged committed
hi mo oouiti ; .
Senators Blair nnd Jiuyard consti
tuting a minority of the commitlco.
round themselves unable to agree wilh
tho majority, and preacnt their views
at lenglh. Alter citing the resolution
under which tho committee w-as ap
pointed, and referring to tho report
transmitted to the President in an-
swor tojlhe Senato resolution of inquiry
in rolation to tho ulleged organization
of disloyal persons in North Carolina,
tho minority ksj-s : "Thus it will ap
pear that the resolution, under which
tho special committee was appointed,
is founded on the report transmitted.
ns alurcnaid, ty tho ''resident. In
Btanlly upon this appointment, the
committee organized and proceeded
without delay to cxamino witnesses,
who wero apparently all ready in
wailing in tho city of Wmhington, lo
wit : The son of Gov. Holdcn, Col.
Georgo W. Kirk, nnd Bergen, bis lieu
tenant colonel. Ho opportunity, aavo
that afforded by its tingle rending in
tho Somite, has been given the under
signed to inspect tho report of llie
majority, or obtain proper knowledge
of its contents. Tbo report was read
onco and instantly transmitted to the
printer, by whom it has not yet boon
returned. Wo desiro to attract the
attention of the Senate to the scope of
tho resolution under which tho com
mittoe have octed : 'To inqtiiro into
tho truth or falsehood of the crimes
and outrages of a politicul character
in tho Southern States.' Hero is an
unlimited field of general allegation,
qualified only by tho word 'political,'
and conveying nothing definite to the
communities whose domestic nmiirs
were without notice or specified
charges to have a congrcsnional drag J
net thrown over litem and be hauled
beforo tho committeo ; and the cloning
paragraph of t he resolution only ag
gravated tho dangers and difficulties
of such an inquisition by inquiring
whether there be in thoso States se
curity lor persons and properly after
saying thai no State has pissed any
laws in violation ol llio Litirtccntli
amendment, and that nn question bad
been mndo relative to the exercise of
power in the emergencies set forth in
tlie rourin suction or article three in
tho Constitution." The minority con
tinue: "The undersigned are therfore
at a lews to discover where such power
is derived as is act forth in the resolu
lion and acted npon by the committee,
and therefore they protest in the name
and under tbo limitations of the Con
slitulion of the United States agaim-t
any and all action of nn inquisitorial
character into the internaland domes
tic afTuirs of any of the States, or any
attempt by Congress or tho executive
to interfere with tho State govern
ments of citizens individually as to
matters not cognizable by tho Federal
Government. In viow of the fact that
North Carolina is in all respects under
tho Constitution and laws upon an
equal fooling with all the other States
of ihe Union, the minority assei t that
any claim of power to investigate the
internal and domestic, u flu in of
that State to invade her police
powers of control over all matters j
within her jurisdiction must be equally
valid nnd bavo equal force when ap-j
plied lo any other State, und tha ro- j
served rights of tho Consti'ulion of,
Pennsylvania, Massachusetts, Ohio
or New York are in no degreo more
secure than thoso of orlb Carolina. 1
power is, in the opinion or tho minori
ty, unwarranted by tbo Constitution,
sod utterly subversive of our federal
system ol State governments. Thcyt''eme measure of proclaiming the
say further thero can no longer be
urged tbe plea of "military necessily."
Tho flag of the nation floats in placid
security in every part of tho Union,
and thero is no pretense of opposition
in any quarter to the peaceable opera
lion of llio civil authority. After set
ting forth that the kind of investiga
tion pursued hns simply given nn op
portunily for tiny one lo como forward
and assail the State and peoplo of
North Carolina by any character of
testimony, or in any manner that
prejudico or testimony can eujto-.l,
iho minority eontinno: "Hut nil this
is mantlc-Mly the ireuK of a plan 'rut
and dried, l.y a conspiracy lornicd
of disappointed politicians who hnvc
lost tho cohfidenco of their people,
and bavo been east out of nftleo by the '
almost unanimous voico ofa betrayed
and injured constituency. At the ,
bead of this conspiracy plainly stands
William W. lloltlen, tho governor of
North Carolina, aud now undergoing
trial by process of impeachment for
high misdemeanors nnd gross abuse
of bis official power. He bus beg
garec tno treasury cm . mate an,.
plundered, outraged and betrayed, her
I., or,, I I.,,.e-. io il,., .t r,,,,,,.
...... . ...
arm ol the i cdcrai government as inei
only mean of rescuing bim and bis
followers from the jnut punishment
luo their crimes. In furtherance of
this scheme tho present meassro was
instituted and this committee raised.
The two Senators from North Caroli
na, Messrs. A Idiot I and Pool, havo cf
tleiently aided il, suggesting witnesses
and employing intermgatoriea for
their examination, and sometimes es
corting them In person In tho dooe of
the committee room; and what is the
character of these witnesses found ,
ready and in attendance for examina
tion Joseph W. Holdcn. the son and
acooanplico of Governor W. W ., Hid
den, heads the list, lie has been an
oflico bolder, fattening on the corrtip
lions of his father's administration, llie
editor of his party organ, and even
In testimony is montcnlirely beresay
in ils nature nnd ailmi-si.blr, in courts
tyoanof justice. George W. Kirh aud i
tiooreiW. llergen cume um.n the
acenA-aed lo tho undcrsurnod there ;
C . . ...
eemb' US be strange insensibility to
TEEMS $2 per annum, in Advance.
NEWSERIES-V0L.12,N0. 11
tha opinions of mankind in tho pro.
u.iviioii oi two an on atrocious oharao
tcrs in llio role of witnesses in, t l.io
easo. Neither wero citizens of North
Carolina, but they were called from
anroncl ny lloltlen ns fittinir iustro
mcnls for his dark nnd bloodr intnnt
In violation of tbo Constitution of his
State, be mado thesu two strangers to
pcopie oinecrs ol militia, and hav
ing declared two counties (Alainnnco
ana iaswell)in nstato of insurrection
ho gave tho unhappy rcsidonts over
to the tender mercies of thrso two
rufliuns. Tho testimony discdoses
their absolute denial of bnvime It.cii.
ed or maltreated their prisoners in
any way, and their perjury in thoio
auticmonta Is lully proved liy tho toa.
timony oi iucian 11, Murray, ilr,
iverr, Sir. J urncr and othcra. who
wero their prisoners. Tho testimony.
quoted at length showing various
kinds of maltreatment and lorturo lo
extort confessions, etc, nnd tbo mi
nority proceed in tho same manner to
review the testimony of Wm, Albright,
whom Ihey term a violent, unscrtipu
lous man, and of James F.. Hnyd, upon
whose solo testimony they any 1ho
majority largely rely io justify them
in their remurkablo conclusions re
specting tho condition of society in
North Carolina. This witnesn, the
minority say, ia a very young man,
and by bia own statements has little
or no personal knowledge of the mat
tcrs whereof he speaks. They review
bis evidence minutely, and character
ize il as weak, corrupt and shambling.
In tho sumo manner they impeach the
reliability of the testimony of the re
mainder of tho witnesses, not ono of
whom the minority assert testifies to
facts within bis own knowledge, tend
ing to provo North Carolina lo bo less
sale as a place of residence than any
portion of tho Union lying north of
her boundaries, llio minority then
enter upon on extensivo argninont to
show that Ihe disorders u bich havo
existed in North Carolina aro attrib
utable lo misrule of the so called car
pet bag State officers, the unwiso leg.
isiauon oi Mingress, nnu Iho machina
tions of the Loyal League inciting and
instigating: tho negroes to idleness,
disaffection nnd lawlessness. In sup
port of these propositions tbo minori
ty quote verv largely from llio tesli
mony of tbe lion. John Kerr, ex-mem-bcr
of Congress from North Carolina,
N. A. Ramsey, and others, nnd a
number of other witnosses who were
examined and cross examined before
tbo committee. Tho minority say il
will bo seen from the above statement
that there has been no resistance to
the execution of process of tho courts,
no obstructions tn Afli.u.ea let ilm ever
ciso of their functions. The report of
the majority seeks to evado tho force
of ibis fail, thus admitting Ihe fact by
asserting that tho ku klux orguniza
lion is bo banded together a to defeat
the ends of justice, by intimidating
witnesses, packing juries and procur
ing witnesses lo swear falsely in favor
of tho accused if ho belongs to Hint
order. The reply lo this is easy and
complete. Tho statute law of the
Stale gives the solicitor and the judgo
tho power to remove causes from any
locality in tho State to any other lo
cality, nt the option of the prosecu
tion. F.very judge and every solie-i-lor
in the Slalo was a Radical ; there
wero localities in tho state in which
the radicals predominated overwhelm-1
ingiy, and il ihecrimo was committed
where tho influent o of tho ku klux
prevvntod a conviction, it was only
neccssaty for the solicitor to make a
molion ai d the judgo would order the
removal of tho cause from county to
county until a satisfactory venue was
reached. It is perfectly evident from
tho evidence that the process of the
courts could be executed without mili
tary force, nnd lhat no resistance was
offered to fts execution. It is also
clear that the causes could l.ave been
removed Irom any place to some
county in which a fair trial might
havo been had. Why, then, did tho
governor prefer to resort lo tho ex
counties ol Alamance ana Caswell in
insurrection rather than use the reme
dies ready to bis bund of removing
the causes to tho counties in which
convictions might have been obtain
ed ? Why did he call on tbo President
for troops, set on foot his negro mili.
tin, led by ruffian imported into the
Slate on account of their extraordina
ry brutnlily, and proceed to aeizo, im
prison, insult nnd torture bis prison
ers T Thero ia but ono explanation.
His object was lo strike terror to the
people and drive them from the polls,
and thus carry tho district and main
lulu Iiliiiclf anj Ills inlsci eanta In
power.and thus bo enabled to continue
M plunder and tyrannize over the nn
happy people who bad been subjected
to his kway by the direct action of '.he
Congress of tbo United Smtes. This
i U'e only explanation which can be
K' ven for conduct so utterly nnneees
sary. ho ever heard before ot the
proclamation of martial law in a
country where tho process of civil
courts could be exorcised without ro
sistunce. If be had caused tbo law to
- - ... .'"""J v
Ihroush ho courts the chargo which ,
had linen airainsl him and Ins allies
- - " ., t.. ." ..i .
pinnKiug m cum-, i i,""'
away millions of dollars to the dope
rale adventurers who infested Ihe
Slsto liko vermin, Would have confin
ed, and carried tho election against
him. He therefore meditated bia covp
ci" diit, and bis grand military stroke
of policy which was to strike horror
to the hearts of the people. Ho' Call
ed the Presidentto bis assistance, and
lo whom be already looked aa his fit
t tire emperor, who did not fail bim in
bis hour of need, hut dispatched the
Ironpa of the United States to sustain
Ibis worthless miscreant and conspi
rator in power, llnving failed in bis
nefarious purpose, and apprehensive
thul be might be dealt with for his
crimes, his first effort is to pr'pitiate
thoe whom ho has wronged by con
fussing what all knew to be true, that
peace, good order and quiet aro su-
promo in thol State. The minority
l:ero quote his confession, ssying that
tn conlession is ennnrined ly Jutlci
iim ""so testimony is U'liieci.
.... , I
1,0 oberscrved that tho testi-J
ninny Contained in the reports nfiha,
I'uiicd ?tait ofliccri sent int.i North
Carolina) by tin rrief,t, upoa spa
plication of (iovcrnSr Jlohlcn, aro
unanimously In contradiction ofthti
existence of any organised body of
disloyal and evil disposed persons In
tho Mat) of North Carolina, which
havo In view or threaten resStsnee to
tho aution of tho laws of ihe United
Stales, or tho denial to the citizens of
tho United Slates of equal protection
of the cause, etc., The minority say
tho concurront testimony from tho
United States olliccrs ou"lit alona.
and of its own forte, to ba sufficient
to satisfy tbo Senate and the country-
how littlu foundation thero is for tho
chargo of organized resistance lo Iho
government or ils laws in the State of
North Carolina; and bow the Preat.
dent of the United States eould have
considered il as tending to prove the
cxibtencoof disloyalty in North Caro
lina, tho undersigned ore unable to
conceive. An examination of the
depositions taken before the commit
tee, and their comparison wilb tbe
document appended lo tho mossages
of tho President oa these suhjeois,
win oxiiidii a mere repetition ot tbe
samo fuels by the sumo witnesses.
thus uiukini; each case of outrage do
frequent service in tho way of exciting
new horrors and arousing additional
animosities. Again, it is observed
that different wiluwvos recount the
same causo of outrago, with. wuuU ,.
laiiuna a tnuir imagination may
create. A n examination of this mass
of testimony will discloso Iho fuel lhat
no outrages are proven to have occur
red in more than six or eiirht counties.
all of avhich are uumcd, and of those
counties Alamance and Caswell were
chiefly alleged lo be Ihe scenes of such
lawlessness. I hcno were the counties
selected by Holdcn as Iho peculiar
objects of bis vengeance, and
which were enmimttod to tho mer
cies -of Kirk and Bergen; aud yot
tho sufferor, whoso oas had been re
cited by every witness cailed from
that region, one Caswell Holt, a color
ed man, who had been most cruelly
Dcaten ny a band of disguised men.
and subsequently wounded severely,
was brought bolore tbe committee to
recount bis suficrim-s. I is personal
knowledge of all the cases in that
county was limited to sir, and four of
theso outrages had bocn committed by
nana oi aigaised colored men, whose
leader confessed it to Cuswi ll. Tbe
number of these outrages, detestable
and wicked as they are, is neverthe
less grossly and widely exaggerated ;
and ibis no one can doubt who will
examino the testimony, and who has
any knowlcdgo of the credulity and
inaccuracy of statcmonts characteris
tic of our well-meaning colored peo
ple. North Carolina ia Ono of the
iurgost Stutes territorially in the
Union, and is divided into eighty -seven
counties and contains nearly ono
and a half millions of peoplo. No
act of lawlessness is actually proven
to have been committed, excepting in
ono or tlie other of six, perhaps eight,
of these counties; and yet it is pro
posed to employ violent nnd stringent
measures of eewrcion and repression to
tho rcmaininz nino tenths of the statu
against which no breath of evidence
or proof of lawlessness hns ever been
adduced, but which, on the contrary.
exhibits a condition of quiet almost
suggesting the inaensibilily of despair.
What can be alleged, w hat justifica
tion lo ttio American people can be
used, for this renewed aud wanton in
vasion of a peaceful community f The
statement that anarchy tLere exists
is absurdly untrue, and testimony
now laid before the Senato over helm
ingly establishes ils untruth. Ifng
gressiro laws are to be enacted, let
all disguise bo cast off and the true
reason avowed. It w ill not ho less
violent or wrong, but it will be less
hypocritical and more ' manly. To
any fair-minded man wo confidently
commit the proofs contained in tho
testimony now presented by tho com
mittee, and over that such wrongs as
have been inflicted upon our unfortu
nate and crushed people by the rulers
r""'oa 0Tcr lhcm "ot 'ylhcirown
,,v "ul " ' inw ""
no powers by tho Congress of the
United Slates, no example of equal
submissiveness and patient endurance
can be fonnd in history a is now pre
sented by tho people of the stale of
North Carolina. This is tho truth in
nut shell, that Hnldttn and bis offi
cial supporters have failed to maintain
themselves hy any means, foul, as well
as fair, in their State. They have ap
pealed to popular elections and have
been rejected wilb something near lo
unanimity by every taxpayer in tho
Slate, and now Congress is asked lo
slep in and force North Carolina
down again under tbe feet of her Rad
ical master.", and we fear that Congress
will attempt to do this unwise and
wicked thing. Will the peoplo of the
North, freo as yet, see this thing done
and sustain its promoters f We hope
not, wo pray not. When will tho
men now in power learn the troth of
what tho great statesman of our coun
try said so wisely nnd well, when sim
ilar attempt wero mado to govern
British India? It is ihe nature of
tyranny and rapacity never to learn
moderation f rom the id suc c ess of first
oppressions; on tho contrary all men
aro thinking highly of the methods
nictated hy their nature, attribute ibe
tenul ml inn of 1 linir ittiwir-u lo til want
ol sullicienl vigor, and then they re
double the efforts of their impatient
cruelty, which are producing, as they
must produce, now disappointments ;
they grow irute against tho object of
their rapacity, aud then vagne fury
and malice implacable, hecuuse un
provoked, recruiting and reinforcing
Iheir avarieo, thrirvices are no longer
human. From cruel men they are
transformed into savage beasta, with
no other vestiges of reason left but
what serves to furnish the incentive
and refinements of ferocious sublefy
incapable, and at
.... . .... ' '
winch fiends would Mush
Signed,
Fr.ANK 1. Blaiu,
T. F. Bavabd.
"George," aked the teacher ofa
Si bool class "ithonbovo all ethers
shall yon first wish to see when yoo
c,ot to heaven? Wilh a fuen bright
ening up with llio anticipation, the
little fellow shouted, "OVruiA .'"
F.ight "colored gentlemen" young
aud ambit ions wero admitted to the
bar in Washington city a few daya
ago, and will scatter South, hoping
soon lo como back as Coiigresntneu.
Tho votes of tbe member of tbo
South Carolina I legislature, during an
excitement in regaid to a local bill,
ran tip to $i00. Usually thr-y can bo
had for $. " "
Grant is a cunning dog," ksvs a
Washington
correspondent. Ye 1
n,,t IQ imlj,
. -
lint ho made a first class laiiurc of ibe
iftrl business at Galena,
lew-F"
-a