THE
AIRFIELD RErtBLICAX."
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BUSKS.
itj!a qojrv- $2 to I t quires, pr.enlre,tl Te
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On St orab of abore at proportionate rates.
GEO. B. OOODLANDER,
Editor and Proprietor.
Cards.
mi.ua- t. wiLLlca. mass riiLniso.
WALLACE &. FIELDING,
' 'attorneys -at-law,
Clearfield, Ta.
Legal buiineae of all kinds attended lo
- Wi prom
r VrUliaa
iromptnroe nod Bdellty. Ulnee In residence
A. wan too- JMIZWV
holj. moccllovoii .navi a. annas.
ficCULLOUGH So KREBS,
'attorneys at law.
;'.e adjoining tha Clearleld County Dank, 2d St.,
., Clearflold, Peee'a.
JtarAH legal bneineis promptly attended to.
'.imullaiione in both Eugliib and Oertnan. nl'tll
riutia a. iiutca. J. iitita wairtna.
WALLACE &, WALTERS,
Real Eatata AgeaM and Conreyane era,
,i . CltarHel.l, rcua'a.
'.Raal Eitata bongbt and eold, lirloa azaa
aad, eonrevaneea prepared, taaaa paid, and loan.
anaae Uken. OBca in new building, nearly
.ppoait tourl Houea. janl.70
it H. W. SMITH,
ATTORNEY -AT-LAW,
rlrarfirld. Pa. 1y
"A. W. WALTERS.
ATTOBKEY AT LiW,
ClearOeld, Pa.
VajuOISoa la tha Coort Honaa. dad ly
ISRAEL TEST,
u ATTOKN KY AT LAW,
Clearfield, Pa.
aTOflaa la tha Coart Iloaaa. Jyll.W
1 JOHN H. FULFORD,
s ATTORNEY AT LAW,
Clearfield. Pa.
Mte on llarkat St., car llanialek A Irnln'l
Urn a filora.
i car-Promnl atteatioa girea to tht aaenrlng
if Roomy, Claime, Ac, and la all legal bnalaeta.
r March IB, IM7 ly.
7 WALTER BARRETT,
' ATTORNEY AT LAW.
JOloa on 8eeond St., Clearleld, Pa. norll.O
i JOHN L. CUTTLE,
ATTORNEY AT l,AW
K&4 Itetil Ktslate A ffent, C1arfield. Pa
Otn a M ttrket ttreat, iiwt 1l th Jill.
' 4FrReipttfally off fit hit MrrlcM 1 Ptlllng
hayfiif Unlt In Cltarneld n4 rijinpc
r'umtirt ; nd with an iprtenc of ovr twenty
rfri. ft u i tiirrtTor, flftitori biuMlf thai tit fmu
rnAr Mttifaetlon. tbia,'ft3-tf
WM. M. McCULLOUGH,
. ATTORN KY AT LAW,
C'learteld. Pa.
Offiraoa M arfcatareet oaa door eaat of tha Clear
aell County Bank. neyl,64
)-n J!. Orvia. C. T. Alexander.
ORVIS &. ALEXANDER,
. i AlTOItNEYS AT LA Hr.
.; Htllefonle, Pa. .rpUOJ-y
DANIEL M. DOHERTY.
- MEBER cj HALE DRESSER,
" BECOdD fiTRKET,
t,rsi C1EA1FIELD, PA. If
F.. I. KIRK, M. D.,
riiYSICIAN AND SURGEON,
. l.utberaburg Pa.
r (I-Will attend praaiptly la all profrxional
waill. angl!:lT:pd
DR. Al THORN,
PHYSICIAN k SURGEON,
TTAVIXfl located at Kylcrtown, Clearteld oa.
I j Pa., ofpre hia profe.eional acrriref to tbe
, eortheaurronnding country, (rtrpt. SV,'tt-f
DR. J. F. WOODS,
PHYSICIAN SUROIiON,
Having rrwiored l AneonrilW, Pa.,olTera hit
proi. tfinnal acrvicoa ta the people of that tiloce
an iM aurrouaiag country. AU calli promptly
ai.rn.ied lo. (t'. om pa
' - F. B. REED, M. D.,
riiYSICIAN AND SCMGEON.
i Tr-flatlnc rem o rod t Trilliamegmaa, Pa.
cT hie prfra'ainaal larvlcea to the people of
tbe eurrouudiug country. ) 1 1, '07
DR. S. J. HAYES,
SUBOEOaN i DENTIST
Oiioa oa Maia SL, Curw.n.r ill. Pa.,
f t rILl make arofeeekiaet tlalte, for thaooa
V renlanca of tha public, eommeacing In
;.'il, lf'. aa follewe. rta !
!.taerehurg Fire! Friday of arery avinth,
eoorilla Pint Mondar of erere month.
Lumber Cltr Firet Thwroday of arary month
f ; idmg two daya in either place. All erdere
lr work ehould he prtaaalad aa tha d.y af b e
ai ial at each alaaa.
r Teeth ei tract! by the epoUratioa of
J r ,1 aaienkeela eompareticely witbaal pain
eiwdf af Dental work guarantee.
. B. The nubile will nleaae notice, thai Dr.
II
. when not enraged in tha abore riaita, may
b ond In bii office, la Curweoirille, Pa.
( jrwenarllle, Feb. 4, !. t
. DENTAL PAETNEESHLP.
' p, a. M. HILLS,
-yjTDetiree te Inform hie patron., and tba
' iic goaerally.'lal ha baaaaaoaialed with him
I4 tpa araetleaef pen!;f!rr,
&. P. SHAW, D. D. S.,
""ball a graduate of Ihe Philadelphia Mental
i Here, era therefore haa the higheel elte.tu
i i of prnfeeeional skill. All work done ia
office I will bald ejyoelf personally raeponel
ile for being dona In the moat aatl.feolory maa
,r and higbeet order f the peofoeeioa.
An e.tablt.hed practice of larcnty-tw) yenrs la
tie place tnablot me le epeah la my peileele
-i'h eoaSdeneo.
Kneegcmente from a dlfteneo ehould be made
7 Uttar aXa daft before tha palleet deeigai
eoatan. JJoae f, ta'kly.
CLEARFIELD mm RE
GEO. B. G00DLANDER, Proprietor.
V0L.42WII0LKN0.21C1.
DR. J. P. BURCHFIELD,
Lato Surgeon of tbo 83J Reg'tnont. Penneylennla
Volunteers, haring returned from tbo Army,
offere nil profeaelonel aerrieel to tbe olttieai
of Clearfield county.
sxer-Pr-jfeeaional oalli tromrtly attended lo.
Offloo on Second street, formerly occupied by
Dr. Woodi. lpr, o u
DR.. T. JEFFERSON BOYER,
PHYSICIAN AND SOBQEOX,
Sooond Street, CloarBeld. Pa.
"t-n IIvlne nermaaentlr looatod. he now offers
bll profrteional eervioet to the eitisene of Clearfield
and vicinity, and the public generally. All oalli
promptly attended lo. aot2tt-y
JEFFERSON LITZ,
PHYSICIAN At SURGEON,
niVIMIl lariated at n.canJe. fa offer. Ul
professional errloee to llto peupl. -r.l...
jlaoe and surrounding eountrr.
.,, .. -M ntlw a M - n .1 t to. Offloo
and residence on Cortln at, lormorly oeonpled
by Dr. Kline.
J. H. KLINE, M. D.,
P-HYS1CIAN A SURGEON,
HAVINU located at Peunneld, Pa,, offere bit
proreuional aortlcee lo the people of that
uImm and cu-roundinc country. All cells promptly
attended to. " "
HERD & Co., -
LAND AG E NTb,
Pblllptbarfr, Centre Couuly, Ta.
JMRral Eitate of all kindl bought and mid.
leo, dcalera in all kindl of Lumbar. 23,7
AUCTIONEER.
Til E nndertigned will attend to tbo sailing and
crying of aalea anywhere within the limm of
Clearfield county, on ehort notice- Charges rea
sonable. Addrroo CHARLES U. M a,Mir,l
n24-Smpd Bmllh'a Mill., vioarneia lo., r..
CHARLES SCHAFER,
LAGER BEER RKEWKH,
ClearOeld, Pa.
NAVIXrt rented Mr. tntree" Brewery ne
hnr. kr atrial attention to bneineif and
tbe manufacture of a auperior article of BKl.lt
to receive the patronage of all tba old and many
new aaelomera. Aug. ti, tt.
THOS. S. WASHBURN,
SCALER OF LOGS,
Clea Hope, Clearfield Couuly, Peuu'a.
rTIHE euhKriber baa derotad aincb lima ana
I .Mention lo the rCAblNO Of LOOS, and
takea thle method of offering hie aerrleea ta Ihoea
who nay aeed Ihrm. Any further Information
an be had by addreeeinf aa a bora. Jelo-lf
SURVEYOR.
DVID REAMS, Luthrnburg, Clearfield Co.,
Pa., offera hi. aerrioot aa burreyor ia the
weat end of the oonnty. All calU will be atlendrd
to promptly, and the cbarget moderate. l:lt:70
SURVEYOR.
THE inJertiKDed ofrt hit i--rv.eei tl Enr
vejor, mi4 omj be (and r bit rviidene, i
Lwrii? hmothip. Lctlcrt will retvb him 41-
nt! to Clerl
4, P.
my T-tf.
JAMlia MITCHELL.
THOS. W. MOORE.
Land Surveyor and Conveyancer,
TTAVINO rfwotly loculed In the borough of
1 J l.nmbfT Cilr, irtunifd lb prMtiw of
RurvvlDC. rcfPMtlUlir ICSUm nil vrvir
ilonl ten ice to tha ownert of od ptultorf
Undt in t'lcftrtifld and wIjoIdidk counuei.
tU of MnTCTMin mtMtiy ttd.
Offio and reiideotw on door wl of Kirk k
Speneor'i ttore. prl4-pd4i.
N. M. HOOVER,
Wholeealo A Retail Dealer ia
Tobacco, Cigars and SnulT,
Two doon aait of the Poet Offire,
MARKET STREET, CLEARFIELD, TA.
VuA large aaeorlnjaat of Pipea, Cigar Ceeee, Ao.
alwaea aa band. Biylt-ly
J. K. BOTTORF'S
PHOTOGRAPH GALLERY,
. Market Street, CleirOelJ, Pa.
'VrE(lATIVK8 made in cloudy, al well at In
i clear weather, fonatantl. on hand a good
aortmenl of PltAMUS, HTKltEOMCtU'ES and
8TFKKflSCPIC VIEWS. Framea, from any
t) lo of moulding, made to order. apria-lf
REUBEN HACKMAN,
House and Sign Painter and Paper
Hanger,
ClearOeld, Pcnu'a.
a. Will eieeuteiole la hia line promptly and
la a workmanlike manner. a rl,7
THOMAS H. FORCEE,
DttLUB II
GENERAL MEKCHANDISE,
C;n AIIAMTON, Pa.
Alio, extenalve manufactnrar and dealer tn ftqoare
Timlwr and Sawed Lumber ot all kinUl.
e4r-Ordara aolieited and all balls promptly
Oiled. J.l J
aao. ALaaar aaanr iLaaar.......w. aiaiar
W. ALBERT & BROS.,
Manufaeturere A extcnai.e Dcalera ia
Sawod Lumber, Square Timber, itc,
WOUVLAKV, riM A.
VOnlm eoliclled. Hill. Sllod aa abort notice
anu rraeonawie lortne.
Addreaa Woodland P. 0 drarflrld Co.. Ta.
ly W al.lll.IIT A mtoa.
FRANCIS COUTRIET,
MERCHANT,
Vrenthvllle, llearOeld Counlv, Pa.
Keep, ounitiinlly en bund a full iwriment of
Itrr lloode. Hardware, tlrocerice, and everything
ueually kept la a retail atore, whirh atill ha aold,
for ea.h, aa cheap aa elorwherc in tba eounly.
Frcncbvlll., Jnna 17, 1007-17.
C. KRATZER &. SONS,
MERCHANTS,
naaLtna is
Dry Goods, Clothing, Hardware,
Cutlery, Quceniwere, flroeeriee, rrorlilonr and
. . bhinglee, .
tlcarBeld, Pcna'a.
A ht TX'Wftnr root, on Beoond trttt,
Boar Marrttl A HikIm-'i lUrJwtr tort. jn"
M0SHANN0N LAND 4 LUMBER CO.,
OSCEOLA FTF.AM MILLS,
kurrsrvrnts
LUMBER, LATH, ASD PICKETS
H. II. "HrLLTNOFoltn, President,
Offlce ford Place. No. 1 P. elh el., Tbil's.
JOHN LAWPIIK, Superintendent.
jcisri
Oaceol.M.llmt learbeld county, Pa.
ViwiMm-..mrM-k!y"" initiated Ihe policy we are
A uk.-h.,....b..uM. f .d,.i.ieir..,on now attempting to conlinuo. It Is
on the rsule of JOHN ItOliCII, dcomteed, lato
of IMI tawnebip, Cbmrfleld onuntT. Pons a., bar
ing teen Holy granted ro me annereignro. on per
sons tailehu-d la imid relate will pleaae make pay
ment, and tlwne having elaime or demand. Will
prreanl them properly aiitbcntioatu.1 furaotUcment
and allowance without deter.
It'. L HKNPFRrUW,
lfi.t AC HOl l'll.
Ostcnd. FeV Jj-Stpd. Administrators.
1) v teu. "rare raew thowid b'ira are,
w t-v l liRUnrn evir iiuieie o.le
THE REPUBLICAN.
CLEARFIELD, PA.
WEDNESDAY MOHNINU, MAnCII JO, t6T0.
WHO MILL CARi:
Whi will wire?
Whrn wt U.f b?nalh th daiiiei,
t'Dtleroeaih the ciiarcbvard nut J,
And the iong u'r ur f-w"
Lti its fingert damp nd eold,
When wa tlerp fruia ears and torrow,
And the ilta of earthly life
Slecj), to kuo no tad to-morrow,
W lib Ul bilteraeat of ttrift
Who will caret
Who will tare f
Who will eoraa te weep abort at.
L.Tiur, oh ! to white and ttilL
Vutk-rueatb Ui ski el tfiaiinef,.
' WLill aslt aattaaa.'s afUlM lUllll
To new lile, glad and tender,
Full of beauty, rich and tweet.
All the world it elad in aplendor
That the yean tball e'er repeat
Vbo will earc F
Wbe will care t
Who will think of white bandi lying
On a atill and aileat brceat
Nevermore to know of aijthing,
Krermort to know of reit f
Who will care f No one ean tell iia.
liut if reat and peaoe befall.
Will it natter if they miet ni.
Or tbey mitt nt nut at all t
Not at all P
REMARKS OF
HON. WILLIAM A. WALLACE,
n the Senate, March 16, 1870,
On the bill entitled "An art to farllltatc
and eecura the conatrurllon of an addi
tional railway eonneetlon between Ibe
watere of tbo aiuaqurhaniia and the
g;reat lakea, Canada and the north
wealrni Hlatea, by eiteiidlng Ibe aid
and credit af certain corporatioua lo the
Jeraey rhore. Pine Creek aud Buffalo
railway, and ether eompanioa."
Jht. Srr.AKEB: I would bo plnj to
cscupo llto rcipoiiaiuility thnt in
Ihrotvn upon me by no bill Dial ia
under consideration ; il would have
pleased nio much hod I been spared
tlio neccsbitv of meeting the iesue
that now confruntt us; but, air, as a
representative of tlio peoplo of my
nuiive htate, nny moro, nr, as the
representative ot sett ion of tho
Commonwealth which up to this hour
lies waste and undeveloped, l leel it
to bo my sworn duty to come to yon,
Senators, and ask you to survey tho
fair Held thnt you have within your
bordora for the employment of your
idlo means, and to exumine tho power
and opportunity you now have to
mako the wildcrnoes to blossom like
tho rose : and in order that you may
do what you can, under your organic
law, to givo wealth and power to the
people, and population and taxablo
values to tho Commonwealth. When
I contemplate tho muL'nittido of tho
issue before an, I hcsitato to meet tho
responsibility, but I cannot evade It,
in view of the faet that I am a repre
sentative of a people who labor under
difficulties innumerable for tho want
of that which you cun give them with
out doing violence to yourselves, and
without Inking dollar irom tho
Treasury of tho Commonwealth, as I
firmly and honestly believe.
Let us examine this bill. I shall
endeavor to discuss this question dis
passionately and calmly, and then
permit tho fcnale to determine, as to
them belongs. Tho bill before us
provides, in iho first section, that tho
six millions of bonds of the Pennsyl
vania Railroad Company, now in the
Trensury of the Commonwealth for
application to the Sinking I'uud, shall
be duliverod to the Jersey Shore, Pine
Creek and Buffalo Railway Company,
to bo used in tho construction and
completion of that railroad, when a
ctinrnntee fur the construction and
completion thereof shall be furnished
lo tbo commissioners ot tho sinking
fund, and w lion they file their bonds,
to be secured by a first mortrnge with
a like amount of intorcst, and payable
in like manner, but il postpones Ihcir
payment for tho period of four years,
in order thnt the road may bo comple
ted. When this shall have been done,
the commissioners of the sinking fund
are directed lo deliver to this railroad
company theso bonds. Tho second
section also provides that the three
millions and a half of the Allegheny
Valley Railroad bonds, also in the
sinking fund for application to the
Slate tlelit, shall bo taken and applied,
11.000,0(10 thereof to the completion
and construction of the Pillnburg,
Virginia and Charleston Railway lo
the Southern Slute line; I,40U,000
to the completion of tho Clearfield
and ButTulo Ruilway to the Northern
State lino, or very near to it; and
i.'iOOKMI to tho completion of a brant h
of iho Erie and Allegheny Railway,
in order tojmakoa wide gauge connec
tion between tho Atlantic nnd (Jrcut
Western Railway and the harbor of
Erio. 1 hese bonds aro also to bo re
placed by a second mortgngo bond
given by theso respective companies.
These Allegheny Valley Railroad
bonds oro second mortgngo bonds.
When these ctinrnntec.e, lor the com
pletion of theso roads aro all filed,
and not until then, the commissionei a
of tho sinking fund aro directed to
deliver the securities. This is, in
effect, what tho bill provides. The
securities to bo taken Irom tho sink -
ing fund, it is scarcely licecsnry for
me to repeat, come from tlio proceeds
of the snlo of the public works. The
three- millions and a half of tho Alle
gheny Valley Railroad bonds were
transferred to ns last year from tho
Philadelphia and Erio ilailway Com
pany ; we exchanged tho security in
order that wo might securo tho com
pletion of tbe Allegheny Valley Rail
way nnd so as to mnko a low grade
ruilway connection between tho cast
and the west ; they were guaranteed
and aro now in the Treasury of the
I f?iimtririnwoalh fur nnrtlir-nl inn. nml
m . ma keLabl0 B'Uritieea. Last
sought now to secure the completion
of three new line of railway in undo,
velnped section", by tho nso of the
securities of tho Commonwealth.
Icl mo glanco at the country to be
devolotved bv llioso milwnvs. In (he
first place, tbe Jersey Shore, Pine
Creek and Buffalo railway aims nl a
connection with theBuffuloand Wash-
I ifglnn railroad at the Northern flute
a-Ti l
AtfiaVA3
PRINCIPLESi
CLEARFIELD, PA, WEDNESDAY, MARCH 80, 1870.
line, and makes a connection between
Buffalo and Philttdnlphin eighty miles
shorter than the line of connection
betweon Buffalo and tho city of New
York, by the New York and Erio
railroad. It ia woll known that the
port ot BuH'iilo is the largest rocoiving
port for grain upon tho lakes. This
bill proposes lo reach for that immense
Irallie, and create a lino of railwny so
as to pour that immenso trado through
our northwestern borders and enrich
tho cities nnd commercial centres of
our Stulo. It proposes to bring to us
taxabld values in luoshapeof increased
valuo of rcul estate, of increased pop
ulation and of increased railroad ton
nage. It proposes to debouch upon
the shores of tho Delawaro the im
mense truflio thnt now gooe into the
lap of Buffalo, ondMhe bono of this
raault ia foui.doj upon tho nntural
and inevitable, law of commoreo and
trado that railroad truflio will find
tho bhortust linos and easiest trans
portation. Here are tho direct and
short lines and tho most eusy mode of
transportation. Whore is the citiaon
of Pennsylvania who ia unwilling to
aid in bringing to her wealth aud
commerce r Who is tho ocuator so
recreant lo bis duty and so false lo
bis oath as to permit the Slates north
and wont of us to uUorb this immense
trado through his neglect? So fur as
I can 1 will endeavor to nour into the
lap of the Commonwealth I love the
trade and commerce that shall mako
bor groat and populous. This is one
of tho purposes of this bill. This line
of railway connects with the Philadel
phia and Erio and the .Northern Cen
tral railway, and through them with
the Reading railroad and with the
Pennsylvania railroad at this city, by
a direct lino of communication. It
also connects with all that not work
of railroads upon which is transported
tbo coul of our anthracite coul region,
and will carry that coal westward and
northward, and givo to this line tho
immense tonnage that now finds its
way north nnd west by the New York
system of railways.
Here again we aim at securing an
immense amount of transportation
and of tonnage which justly belongs
to us, and which will swell our coffers,
and which they aro now reaping.
Ono of tbo lino named in tho second
section of this bill reaches up Hie
Mononguhcla Valley lo the State line
in Payette and Circe no counties, a
country rich in everything that makes
a people great and prosperous, and
carries its commerco to our westorn
city of Pittsburg, and thus brings in
creased values and increased tonnago
for taxation lo the Commonwealth.
Then we have a second branch of tho
Buffalo and Washington road, running
lo tho very heart of the bituminous
coul field of Pennsylvania ; it carries
thnt coal to a mm Let; as it now lies,
it ia undeveloped and will bo nntil
you allow it lo bo brought into direct
communication with its natural mar
kets. Tho market for that coal is in
tho north, at Buffalo and Lake Onta
rio. Sirs, this is a lino of railway tho
value of which can scarcely be over
estimated. 1 do not think it necessary to at
tempt to portray here to night tho
character of tho country through
which these linesnf railway penetrate,
Thero is not within tbe Common
wealth of Pennsylvania a country so
noli in minerals as is reached for by
these great arteries there is nowhere
so largo and valuublo a coul field as
thero exists ; it only seeks tho means
of transmission to a market in order to
swell your riches and vastly increase
your population in the northwest and
in the southwest. I said last year,
when a kindred subject was under
consideration, that "upon the route- 1
have described, and Itedded in the hills
which border the valleys of Bennett's
Branch and Sandy Lick, in tho coun
ties of Clearfield and Jefferson, easily
attainable and most desirable in lis
Dualities, exists the finest body of
bituminous coal within the State."
I now turn to the question of our
right to exchange these securities, for
if this bo clearly prohibited by tho
Constitution it ia for me, as it should
bo for all, an ond of tho proposition.
Tho Supremo Court in Grants vs
The Commonwealth, 5th Wright, hna
distinctly recognixed our right to
transmute those bonds nnd to change
tho securities for their protection.
If we havo tho power to do this, it
involves tho admission of our discre
tion in tho premises, and this once
granted, it necessarily follows that we
can exerciso that discretion at our
will, so far as the securities or evi
dences of the debt aro affected, always
responsible for the application of tiie
proceeds to the payment of the public
debt.
But it is said that the plain letter
of the Constitution forbids it, and that
this is a use and application different
sppl
from that provided in that section of
tho Constitution which authorizes ihe
creation of a sinking fund. I need
not reply tn Ibis argument for Judge
, Strong, in 5th Wright, tins fully settled
the question against this 'position,
Let ns turn to the Constitution and
see if the very words thereof do not
: pormit this Irnnsmutation. I assert
it to bo a settled principle, that unless
tho Constitution prohibits us from
doing this, we havo tho right.
This is a well settled rulo of con
struction nnd is distinctly and em
phatically ruled by Chief Justice
Black, in Mayer vs. ShsrplcSs, 0th
Harris, 14!l
We have all tho power that the
Constitution docs not deny us. Let
us turn to the Constitution itself, and
see how it bears upon the question
now before us:
"Tho said sinking fund may be in
creased from time to time by assigning
to il any part of the taxes or other
revenues oi mo ntnto not rctpiircu oy
tho ordinary and current expenses of
the government, and unless in aiso of
war. invasion, or insurrection, no part
of the said sinking fund shall he naed
or applied otherwise loan In tho ex
tinguishment of tho public debt."
Another part of the section provi
ded that the Legislnture nf Hi mrt
trenon should create a sinking fund;
it orders that a sinking fund shall be
crested by tbe next Legislature j
- 'n
NOT MEN.
docs not create it; it did not itsell
creato the sinking fund, but ordered
the Legislature lo create it, and thon
described a part of the securities, the
revenues from which should go into
the sinking fund.
The proceeds of the sulo of tho pub
lio works wero named as a part of
theso saciiiiiieH, tho revenues from
which we. ro to go to the pay mini of tho
publio debt. This was the ultimate
destination of tho assets, and it is our
duty to lend litem thither. Wo seek
to do nothing less.
But, uv Senntors, these proceeds:
of tho sale of the publio works were
put into the sinking fund; so, too,
wero the proceeds of bank dinners
and dividonds; thoy wore put in pre
cisely at wore tho proceeds of the
salu of tLf public works, but until the
monty it traltztd upon the securities,"
they are not in tho sinking fund, and
cannot bo uiiiilied to the nuvmeiit of
tbo debt. Tlio words sinking fund in
their very terms mean, not a security,
but a sum of money. Tho plain in
terpretation is an aggregated sum of
money ready for Application, and until
this money is in the sinking fund we
isvo control over the evidences of
debt for its protection and direction.
e cannot divert the funds from their
ultimate- purposes, but we have the
control of the securities from which
the moneys como. We dure not
destroy the security or detract from
tho amount of them ; we cannot take
them out; but we can make tho secu
rity of tho Commonwealth better.
This was dono in 13(11, and tho Su
premo Court passed upon it, and in
ihcir opinion thoy say tholundcon-
tisls of tht money realized, and not of
tlie evidences of debt tborcin.
If the sinking fund bo the money
realized from the securities, until they
are realized, I can find no prohibition
upon the legislature to exercise its
discretion for the benefit of tbe people
in tho management and control ol
these evidences of debt, provided the
proceeds be soul to pay tho indebted
ness of the Commonwealth.
Mr. Billingfelt I would like to
know who has charge of those bonds ;
aro they not lodged in the hands ol
Iho commissioners as a part of that
fund T
Mr. Wallace. Undoubtedly, but
until tho money is realized they aro
not a part of that fund within the
meaning of the law ; a security is not
money ; a fund consists of money.
Whenever tho money is realized, the
proceeds of the securities bocomo a
part of the sinking fund, and uiuet go
to Ibe payment ot tho uc ul.
Mr. itillingfelt. 1 differ in that ro
spert from the Senator.
Mr. Wallace. Any other argument
limn I make necessarily prevents us
touching the seenritics, although they
may become in danger. Although il
may bo the plainest necessity to
change them, if the argument of tho
Senator bo correct, then we cannot
touch them in caso of danger, for if
we have no discretion in ono caso we
hove nono in any. Concede the pow
er for any purposo and it is plenary
for nil. T he securities aro the mere
evidences of the indebtedness and aro
not the fund within the meaning of
the Constitution. i
But, sir, beyond all this lies a higher
question. Aro we to construe tho
mendment ol 1U7 in a narrow
and illiberal spirit? Ko, sir; in con
struing Uint enactment a broad nnd
statesmanlike policy ia to be inculca
ted. When the greatest interests ol a
great Commonwealth are at stake,
how nairow and illiberal is that view
of her organic, law which inoviulily
tends lo prevent bcr development !
Upon a (ucstion of this mognitudo it
ia to be construed broadly and in a
slatcsmaTiliko manner, and not nar
rowly sod technically. We are not
denied tbe right toexercise this power.
We mti determine between a narrow
and illiberal and a broad and compre
hensive! view of our duty as legisla
tors. Shall wo bo controlled by
our nrt aidifcs against individuals or
against corporation f I am for tbe
broadc4 and most enlnrged policy
upon lias subject that we can attain
1 luborotl earnestly last year in advo
cacy of this policy, and 1 do but re
peat mi) convictions now. I tuko this
responsibility, knowing precisely what
it is. 1 understand oil tlio narrow
1rcjuJiGes that surround this question;
mt, sir, I am willing to tako tbo re
sponsibility that mny como lo mo lor
mv sb.tro in meeting frankly a ques
tion that looks to the development of
mv native Slate, that looks to bring
ing tow ns and villnges nnd cities, and
a teeming population, and a full treas
ury ir its wake.
The mode of development indicated
in this bill is tho best and most eco
nomical that wo can adopt or ever have
nltempted to adopt. I here is no
money tnkon Irom tlio commonwealth;
the peoplo nro not taxed to make this
development ; il enriches all, vet taxes
none; it returns to tho Mate l reasnry
with hut a trifling change, all of these
securities, and by their use we secure
the development of Ihreo sections of
the Mate which uavo yet Dcen un
touched ; there is no modo that can
be devised so wise and fair as this ono,
if we possess the power, which I have
alreaily argued wo do possess. A sys
tem of publio works bv tho State in-
ovitally brings in Its train a crowd of
hungry contractors, who, like the
horse leech, cont inually cry give ! give!
In this modo we have no crowd ot cor
rupt and bishonost officials ; no nevcr-
cndiiiet claims for damages always pny
in tie-ver paid, but wo hove in their
room tho simple transmutation of our
1 s. eui iiies, mo t. ommonweatin piwc-
led, and all theso great inlcresis 01
- tl( I'eoplo subserved.
But, sir, I have no doubt it will be
argued that capital should build theso
railroads nnd bnd thero its profits.
We, sir, of tho northern tier of coun
ties are poor, isnlntcd and rut off
from communication with you. the
rich and populous. We Ituve been
struggling to make onr way ont
yon, and lo bring our mineral ana ag
ricultural wealth in communication
with yon. We find ourselves unuhlo
to cfleot it nnd come to you find ask
you to help ns. The Stnlo ia inter-
ilj estM in lhi; h b V (CTi
3
BLECA1N
tivo of promoting inter communica
tion, of increasing mining and manu
facturing, of building up unsettled nnd
remoto localities and rendering bor
land valuublo. The policy I advocate
fosters progress nnd increases vulties
and population. Let us see what tho
figures tolls us upon this subjoct, Let
us at a single docado ami ace what
railways havo dono for us and deter
mine whether it is not our duty to
oontinue lo do what tho past decade
shows we hnvo so well begun.
Your taxes on gross receipts of rail
ways in lHtiU wero nothing; in 180'J
they wero 83711,420 ; Tax on tonnage
in 1800, $31,425; in 1800, 82!).'t,901
Tax on coul, a direct result of rail
ways, in lHOO was nothing: in 1800
it was 1159,577. Commutation of
tonnago in 1800, nothing; in 1800,
8:100,0(10. Right of way in 1800, 810..
000; in 1800, 810,000. Tax on rail
way loans in 18C0, nothing; in 1800,
8100,474. Tax on ruilway corpora
tion stocks in 1800 was $77, Hod, whilst
in 1800 it was 8527,251, showing an
aggregato from theso sourcus in 1800
of 8118,785, whilst in 1SC1I it was 81,
874,023, or more than sixteen fold.
Will you say that the past ten years
do not tench us any thing? In 1800
you received from these sources of
revenue 8118,785, whilst in 1809 yon
received 8884,023 moro money than
is necessary this roar to pny the inter
est upon your State debt, and yet
your argument rofusca to make fur
thcr progress in this magnificent ca
reer, and narrow and illiberal policy
ia to be eubstttutcd in its stead, be
cause a technical construction of the
Constitution shuts you off. Look, if
yon will, at tho great Slates, of tho
West ; see an immense population set
tling in every section and bringing
riches and power in its train, whilst
our hills and valleys, our mines nnd
cxbausllcss resources which will make
the Stato populous and rich, lie unde
veloped, becauso you have not the
breadth of mind to grasp the passing
hour, and cause this tide of wealth to
settle upon every valley and moun-
tain side, to burrow beneath the earth,
and drag therefrom the wealth that
lie in matchless profusion thero.
Your State lies undeveloped, and year
by year there passes through your
borders that which would make her
populous and grand. Is this policy
to bo pursued? By tho census of 1800
our increase of population in Pennsyl
vania was but twenty-five per rent.,
while the population of Illinois in
creased ono hundred and one per coot.
Mark tho contrast between two
great States the one with a liberal
and far-sooing railroad policy and an
undeveloped country, the other with
a single artery. See the Now Eng
land States, and their policy. They
stop nt nothing. The West and Cana
da arc tributary to Boston and Port
land, because they did not hesitate to
develop the resources of which they
are owners. They aro intersected
with great lines which bring wealth
to swell their coffers. See the great
Slate that lies north of you and her
policy; contrast the development of
iter southern tier with that oi your
own northern tier, richer in agricul
tural facilities and minerals, ana then
tell mo that this policy is correct.
Sirs, this policy has been pursued too
long. The Stato of Jew York gave
to the Now York and Erie railway,
as a loan, three millions, and after. she
had lent it sho gave it. Commercial
centre are always enriched when you
develop tr.e rural districts, llicse
lines of railway reverse the system of
your bodies and are great arteries
that bring in the lile-giving nuid ; tncy
biintf to your great commercial cen
tres tbe wealth that there exists and
enlarge tho nren of commercial enter
prise, and your 1 reasury is made, ncn
bv the process.
Tbe people of tho section I have
honor lo represent, and the peoplo of
Iho Bcctiona represented by tho bena-j
tors Irom Potter nnd Greene hnvo
claims upon you. From generation
to generation theso people have paid
their taxes and como up to aid you in
defending the Commonwealth and in
making your public improvements,
and they havo received nothing from
the State.
Tbo country in which I live has
never received a dollar from the Com
monwealth. We have but a singlo
straggling line of railway, entering
ettr county on its eastern sido, yet on
thnt lino aro found collcrics in every
direction, and rapid progress is being
made. In the county ol Jt-flcrson
there is an untold capacity for devel
opment; there, too, you will have vast
quantities of material for transporta
tion. Vi hy not aid them r Live the
means of transportation, and wealth
comes to you in untold quantities.
ljet mo turn bnelly to tho ooittci-
tons ol tho Senator Irom Columbia
Mr. Buckalew He affirms that this
takes six millions from the sinking
fund contrary to tho Constitution.
You cannot take anything ont u it
was never put in. Tbo power to
transmuto these securities hns been
recognized hy the Supremo Court.
We cannot divert tho assets wnen ro
alized from tho payment of tho debt,
but our discretion ns to the evidences
of debt is amnio. Whilst it is true
that tho Pennsylvania Central is I
wealthy corporatioo, the Common
wealth has not a dollar nf lien upon
any portion of thnt road except from
Columbia to J'hiladclMiiA. i ne so
enritv is unquestionably good, bn
that which (his bill will cive u is
equally good for its amount.
it is argued that these roads are un
finished and that there is no certainty
thnt tbe ultimate security will be good
and that it is an vxchango of good e
purities for a doubtful one. The bill
ensures their completion. We have
in all tbe past bnd peoplo who doubt
ed that there wns anything good in
telegraphs, csnal and railroads or
thnt healthful progress could be made,
but 1 hnvo shown by figures that enn
not be gninsayod that in the past ten
tolyenrs
railways hate grown to be
a-nrlli In u a lar,tn anm nf mnnr-r
Any man who looks at this question I it, do so. When you are tempted to "light of other days" was gas or elee
of Stato development In the light of grumble about anything, ask Totirsclf. tncity. Also if tho girl who "Hong
1 . i . i i ., . i . i . L-.a ..... & -1 : .. . . n -. I. 1 . 1 Bl,.l
tho past must come to tho conclusion
Hint I hare come to, that theso rail-
ware, theo OwpleK'd and their
aaaaw-e
TEEMS-$2 per annum, in Advance.
NEWSERIES-V01, 10, NO. 30.
bonds filled, will be ample security for
tho debts of tho State.
Butitissaid it postpones tho in
debtedness. It docs whilst the roads
aro being built. Is this a terrible
thing to tho Commonwealth, in view
of the fact that we aro dovcloping her
territory f
But say, Senators, the Stnto now
got t 00 ,000 nnnuully, whilst by this
bill sho will get but 300,000, nnd that
thereby tho Stato is seriously injured.
If tho nrgnmcntof Senators upon the
qncstion of tho right to touch these
securities bo worth anything what
ever, this position is most inconsis
tent therewith, for the fact is patent
that tbo net of 1857, by which the
terms of buIo of tho main lino were
fixed, is almost identical in terms with
the provisions of thin bill. If we have
no power under tbe terms of tho Con
stitution to change the security given
for the purchase of the main line, how
eomcs it that now we are receiving
8400,000 instead of but tho interest
on the 80,000.000 yet unpaid at 5 per
cent., nnd 8100,000 annually. If we
hnve no power to change the time and
manner ot payment of the moneys j
arising from the sale of tho public
works, how happens it that we do not
hold these debtors by the very letter
of their bonds given under the act of
1857 and now remuining in the treas
ury. The only answer to this ques
tion is that the legislature of 18G1
changed tbe lime and manner of pay
ment by an arrangement with its
debtor, and agreed to receive the
money fnstcr than the terms of the
sale provided. If they could do that
in 1801, is it not competent for this
legislnture to remit the debtor to the
terms of bis original contract, especi
ally in view of the facts that the pro
visions of tho Constitution, of tbe act
for the sale of the main lino and of
the securities now held by us all con
cur with the modo of payment fixed
by this bill, with tbe singlo exception
of postponement of tbe annual pay
ments for liveycars r inoaeioi inoi
was the exercise of a legislative dis
cretion. The act of 18i0 is no moro.
We violate no constitutional right or
provision in remitting the parties to
their original contract. io to the
treasury and read the bonds you hold
and you will find that tho Inst one ma
tures in 1804. no also does the lust
payment under this bill.
l may oe pcrmmsa to say tnai so
far as tho lino of railwny contempla
ted through my district is concerned,
I own not an acre ol land between tho
point of junction and the New York
line, but I seek the interests of tho
people I represent, and I know I faith
fully reflect their senttment in support
ing this measure.
An implied charge ot corrupt legis
lation is made in regard to this meas
ure. I have taken my position nnd
as forcibly as I could have endeavor
ed to maintain it. I fear none of tho
implications or insinuations that may
DO or nnvo oecn ma-ie, out, upon mis
mcasuro as upon all others that have
come before us since I have had the
honor of a sent here, I havo endeav
ored to perform my duty faithfully to
my constituents, ana to me dcsi inter
ests of the commonwcaitn as it is
given to sec those intcrcets.
The implication, too, does gross in
justice to the fur seeing and sagacious
men w ho control and direct me policy
of our great corporation. I do not
hesitate to affirm tbal their peers in
ability in their vocation cannot be
found within the nation. Nny, more,
sir, their reputation and that of the
great road tbey havo made are co-
eotial and world-wnlo.and as l'ennsyi
vaninns we can with honer-t pride point
to these meti, sons of curownsoil,
as unexcelled and unequalled, for
breadth of view, for sagacious fore
sight and for skillful management of
enormous interests.
Now, Senators, I have done. W
come to ynu and beg you to remem
ber that our people have a claim upon
the State we all lovo and serve, we
beg you to remember thai the soil and
is product, and ita minerals, are the
true and only sources of wenlth, and
that with you lies the power to bring
them forth. We beg you to temem
bcr that to you and to the Common
wealth we seek to bring no lost, in
giving us what we seek yon impover-
an not yourselves out mane us ncn
ndeed.
We are weak and unable to stand
without your aid. We are isolated
ami embarrasaed ; aid as to stand erect
and from being weak we will become
strong, from being inlanlsnecdingaid,
we will become giants, and will with
tho arms of giants throw back in the
lap of our Slate riches ten fold greater
than those you now grant as loan.
Hope aud Colbaos True hope is
based on energy of character. A
strong mind always hopes, and has
always cause to hopo, because il knows
the mutability ot tinman anairs, ana
how slight a circumstance may change
tho wholo course of events. Such a
snirit. too, rests upon itself ; it is not
confined lo particular objects ; and if
at Inst all should bo lost, it has saved
itself its own integrity and worth.
Hopo awakens courago, whilo despon
dency is tho last of all evils; it is tho
abandonment of good tlio giving up
of the battle of life with dead nothing
ness. Ho who can implant courage
in tho human soul, is its best physician
To seek to govern men by thoir fears
and their wants, is an unworthy pur
pose ; tho desire to rulo by means of
cowardice. Love inspires coursgo
and hope, and this is double the giver
nnd preserverof lifo. Whatever teaches
us boldly to combat Iho manifold evils
nnd assaults nf life, enables us to win
tho crown of victory. Special care,
therefore, ought to be taken in eduea- j
lion to leucil w naa uui-vui.Kew
,i- ' i ..j j ; r..,K
woll in nooial and domestic as in pub
lie affairs and by what means it mny
bo best sustained.
Dok't Fnrr. Never fret about
what von can't help, because it won't
do anr cood. Never fret about what
vnn can help, because if Von ran he
"Can I neip tins r and u yon rani
don't fret ; but if you ran, do so, and
'fee bow rrturti .better rou feel.
eey awi we 4wf oaaa uaaun m asaaweari. -
libUiIfjal'on CiuiiLn,
TV' f" W ) Mrs p', a remnikable)
rllvcrslly lis been iiMervaMo In the
i linrsi-ler and nationality of the vast
tide of foreign immigrants thnt con
tinues lo pour in upon our shore
through tho channel of New Yoik.
II ft I r a general ion ago, the Irish con
tingent far overtopped, nny, almost
stssinped all Iho rest. Then, gradu
ally, the (ierman quota began lo in
crease, until it towered, at lust, above
the Irish. Tho English clement was
very limited, and tho Scandinavian
and oil or nationalities were represen
ted in feeble proportions. Since the
closo of our civil war, however, tho
Scandinavian influx lias become pool
lively powerful, and Ihe French and
Italians mnko a very lair numerical,
show, whilo tho English delegation
begins to rival tbe Hibernian.
In the year 1809, ns wo learn by
tho latest nnnuul report of our New
York Com missioncrs of Km ignition,
although why tho word "Eiuigruliou"
is used, ia a query, sinco they havo
nothing to do w ith thnso who emigrate
from tlio United States, tho total
number of alien passengers arriving
at this port was 258,99, or 45,SU3
moro than in the pr oeoding year, ami
75,399 above tbo average of the recent
past.
From nnrtlvais of the register, it ap
pears that, although the German) still
numbered 09,005, or moro than 33.00U
excess of tho Irish, they had slightly
fallen off, while the lutler bnd unined
fully 50 per cent. This disclose tbo
important fact that it required a
Hibernian increase of one half, to
come within two thirds of the Teutonic
immigration, even although the lutler
had declined.
But the pure English immigration
amounted to 41,090, having increased
83 per cent- in the one year. Thue,
the English and German quotas, taken
together, amount lo 8.787 more than
twice as much as the Irinsh.
Theso figures bear very forcibly
upon the politicul elements of a coun
try where universal suffrage Is the
rule, and where the rights of citizen
ship are so easily acquired, especially
when it is quite- evident that tbe
influx from Germany is certain to in
crease, owing lo impending complica
tions and threatened war upon the
European Continent. On the other
band, in Ireland, the condition of
things is greatly improving. The
country is developing ; agriculture
has advanced ; there u no lorced
military conscription ; and a son of
the soil has some chanco to mako
good living at home.
The distribution of this human tide
also present some curious lent u res.
New York, always standing foremost,
of course, with bur great port of entry
and largo interior cities, absorbs 85,.
810, although it is a question whet bor
at least half of that number do not
move on lo iho interior, after recruit
ing hoalth and pocket here, if such be
their good fortune. Illinois is tbo
next recipient, and she finds homos
for 38.213 in her beautiful towns and
fertilo fields. Pennsylvania, tho
grand old Keystone State, already
so tinctured with German and Swe
dish blood, stands third upon the list,
with 32,129. 1 hen follows W iseonsin,
:.ilun. .,.. inlun. t - ,.
wiin n,iruo; tiuu, i.,iov: juasstucnu
setts, 8.S84; Iowa, 8,210; New Jersey,
8,101; and Michigan, 7,281. Califor
nia, owing to ita difctance, gets only
8.80C. Most of tho Euroiieans who go
thither mako the direct pasapgo by
sea f rom the home-port of embarka
tion. It i plain enough that the great
flood of German immigration sets
steadily toward the West, whilo the
Irish linger chiefly in the cities and
large towns. The consequence is that
the former more readily become estab
lished owners of real ettato, and
extend their operations into largo
enterprises. This fuel will U-ll most
advantageously upon tho futuro of
their race in America. The South,
loo, begins to attract them, more and
more, and as they enter it, in the right
direction, and become better acquain
ted wiiJi tbo climato and resources of
the country, they find tho bugbear
stories that have been told them
melting away from their imaginations,
and leurn that beautiful homes and
almost endless harvests await industry
and sobriety, as well as in tho West.
In a word, the great work of set
tling and tilling our vast national
domain goes bravely on, and the sup
ply of hands and brains ready for tbo
task, augments with tbo requirement.
Woman.
Emerson eays, "We consider nan
the representative of intelloct, and
woman aa tbo representative of affec
tion ; but each share Use character
istic of the oilier, only in the man the
ono predominates, and in the woman
the other. We know woman as affec
tionate, as religious as oracular,
delighting in grace and order, pos
sessed ot tasto. In all ages woman
has been tho representative of religion.
In nil countries il is tho woman who
fill tire temples. Ia every religious
movement tlio woman ha had an ao
tive and powerful part, not only in
thoso in the most civilized, but in tbe
most uncivilized countries; not less in
the Mohammedan than the Greek and
Roman religions. Sho holds man lo
religion. 1 hero is no man o repro
bate, so careless of relogions duty, but
that he likes to have his w ire a saint.
All men feel the advantages that
aheiund of that quality in woman.
My own feeling is thnt in nil ago
woman hns held substantially the
same influence.. I think thai superior
women nre rsre, as superior men are
roro. 1 think that women feel when
they aro in the press, as men of genius
are aid to do a:nong energetic work
ers thnt they aeo through nil llioso
vlftirla with finer eyes than thoir noisy
masters. I think that all men in the
presence of tho best wnmcu fel over
looked and judged, and sometimes
sonlenced. They are edueutors in all
our society. Through their sympathy
and quitkness they aro tho proper
mediator between those who have
knowledge and thoso w ho want it."
An urchin of seven or eight yearn
went into a barber shop in Racine,
and ordered the batlwr to cut hia
hair as close as bis shear would do
it. Ho was asked if his mother
otderrd il in thnt way. "No," said
' ho, "but school commences turn, and
we vo gt.t a SK-tiool mam Unit puna
- 1 j
, . if a. j . i - l " . i -
hair, and I in bound to fix her Una
term, you mny bet."
Somebody wants to know ihe name
of the tune w hich was "plnyed upon
the feelings," and also if the cup of
sorrow
bot a saucer. J he same
it inquisitor would like 10 known lite
mT iuinmriji.,.;
, did no! gel fatigued
;of f rbeiTrre '
tbe t-xiirci)