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peo.
B. GOODLANDEE. Editor and Proprietor.
PRINCIPLES, not MEN.
TERMS: $2 00 Per Annum, if paid in advanco
VOL. XXXIII WHOLE NO. 1924.
CLEARFIELD, PA, WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 20, 13GG.
NEW SERIES VOL. VII. NO. 7.
iTIOWLi.MOX COXYETI0X.ibuild8 its l'lans a,ld its 1,0P08 the'mcnts of tlio Government may sco fit
' '. I future rather upon h community of to imnoso. Under thin broad nnd
R.lilrfiES tO the reoplQ 01 tlio United interest and ambition than upon dis- sweeping claim, that clause of the
States.
Having met in Convention, nt the
trust and tho weapons of force.
POLITICAL RESULV8 OF THE WAH.
Constitution which provides lhat'-no
State shall without Us consent bo de-
In the next place, wo cull tiponyoiCprivod of its equal suffrage in tho Sen-
Winn nf rfnvfiinnrti.f "ii'tri tlir iuiti' tin tiillitl'''il Tina lpi j in -f'ii'1 ili
men t of rights, becomes impossible, case. An insurgent, power, in the ex
and the conflicts of party, whic h, nn- 'oroiso of iiNurpcd mid unlawful uulliur
der constitution governments, lire tho ity in tho territory under its control,
conditions and means of "political pro-i had prohibited that ullcgiaiieo to tlie
tr of Philadelphia, in the (State of i to recognize, in their full hiixnilicancc, ' ate of tho United State's," has b
eiinsylvania, this lGthday of August,
stiO, as the representatives 01 tno
oonlcin all sections, and all the States
'ud Territories of tho Union, to con-
ult upon tho condition and the wants
if our common country, we address
0 you this declaration of our princi
,les, and of the political purposes wo
eek to promote,
THE LATE WAR.
Since the meeting of the last Na
tional Convention, in the year lbW,
i m 1 dm . 1 it-Lint, Lnvi
chun ked the character of our internal
politics and given tho United Mates a
new place among tho nations of the
carta. Our Government has pasted
through tho vicissitudes and the perils
of civil war a war which, though
mainly sectional in its character, has
nevertheless decided political differ
ences that from the very beginning of
the Government had threatened the
unity of our national existence, and
has left its impress deep and inefface
able upon all tho interests, the senti
ments, and tho destiny of the Ecpublic.
While it has inflicted upon the whole
country severe losses in life and prop
erty, and has imposed burdens which
must weigh on its resources for gen
erations to come, it has developed a
degree of national courago in tho pres
ence of natioual dangers a capacity
fur military organization and achieve
ment, and a devotion on trie par. 01
tho people to tho form of government
winch they have ordainod, and to me
principles of liberty which that Gov-
een
and to accept with all their legitimate annulled, and ten States havo been re-
consequences, the political results of , fused, and are still reused, represen
tho war just closed. In two most im-! tation altogether in both branches of
portant particulars tho victory achiev- J the Federal Congress. And tho Con
ed by tho National Government has gross in which only a part of tho States
been final and decisive. First, it has and of the people cf the Union are
been established beyond all further 'represented has asserted the right
and by tho highest of all thus to exclude tho rest from re pro-
controversy,
uuman sanctions, the absolute suprem
acy of tho National Government, as
defined and limited by tho Constitu
tion 01 the United States, and the per
manent integrity and indissolubility
of the Federal Union as a necessary
consequence ; and, second, it has put
an end finally and forever to tho ex
istence 01 slavery upon the soil or
within the jurisdiction of the United
States. Uolh these points became di
rectly involved in tho contest, and
controversy upon both was ended ab
solutely and finally by the result.
FRUITS OF VICTORY.
In tho third place, we deem it of
the utmost importance that tho real
character of the war and the victory
by which it was closed should bo ac
curately understood. Tho war was
carried on by the Government of the
United States in maintenance of its
own authority and in defence of its
own existence, both of which were
menaced by the insurrection which it
sought to suppress. Tho suppression
of that insurrection accomplished that
result. The Government of the Uni
ted States maintained by forco of arms
tho supremo authority over all the
territory, and over all the States and
ernment was designed to promote, people within its jurisdiction which
which must confirm tho confidence of the Constitution confers upon it : but
flm n'ltinn in 1.1 o nerm-tuitv of its re-1 it acquired thereby no new power, no
publican institutions, and command enlarged jurisdiction, no rights either
tho respect of tho civilized world. of territorial possession or of civil au
Liko all great contests which rouse! thority which it did not possess before
tho nassions and test the endurance of tho rebellion broko out. All tho right-
nations, this war has given new ecopo
to tho ambition of political parties,
and fresh impulse to plans of innova
tion and reform. Amidst tho chaos
of conflicting sentiments inseparable
from such an era, whilo the public
heart is keenly alive to all the pas
sions that can sway the public judg
ment and affect tho public action ;
whilo tho wounds of war are still fresh
and bleeding on either side, and fears
fur the future tuka unjust proportions
from memories and resentments of the
past, it is a ditlicult but an imperative
duty which on your behalf we, who
arc here assembled, have undertaken
to perform.
ASsEMllLAfiE IN AMITf.
For Iho first time after six long
years of alienation and of conflict, we
have como together from every State
and every section of our land, as citi
zens of a common country, under that
flii". the symbol again of a common
.glory, to consult together how best to
cement and perpetuate that Union
which is again tho object of our com
mon love, and thus secure tho bless
ings of liberty to ourselves and our
posterity.
In the first place wc invoke you to
remember, always and everywhere,
that the war is ended and the nation
is again at peace. The shock of con
lending arms no longer assails the
shuddering heart of tho Republic. The
insurrection against tho supremo au
thority of tho nation has been sup
pressed, and that authority has been
again acknowledged, by word and
act, in every State and by every citi
zen willnn us juriMiicuoii. mo iuu
no longer required or permitted to re
gard or treat each other as enemies
Not only havo tho acts of war been
discontinued, nnd the weapons of war
laid aside, but tho stato of war no
longer exists, and tho sentiments, tho
passions, tho relations of war have no
longer lawful or rightful place any
where throughout fur broad domain
We are again iicp1e of tho United
sentatiou, nnd from all share in mak
ing their own laws or choosing their
own rulers until they shall comply
with such conditions and perform such
acts as this Congress, thus composed,
mny itself prescribe.
That right has not only been as
serted, but it has been exercised, and
is practically enforced at the present
time. Nor does it find any support
in the theory that tho States thus ex
cluded arc in rebellion against the
Government, and aro therefore pre
cluded from sharing its authority.
They are not thus in rebellion. The
are one and all in an attitude of loyalty
towards tho Government,!! tul of sworn
allegiance to tho Constitution of the
United States. Innoono of them is
there tho slightest indication of re
sistance to this authority, or the
slightest protest against its just and
binding obligation. J his condition of
renewed loyalti' has been -officially
recognized b' solemn proclamation of
tho Executive department. The laws
of the United Stales havo been ex
tended by Congress all over these
States and the people thereof, red-'
eral courts havo been reopened, and
Federal taxes imposed and levied, and
in every resjiect, except that they are
denied representation in Congress and
tho Electoral College, the States once in
rebellion are recognized as holding the
same position; as owing tho same ob
ligations and subject to Iho same du
ties as the other States of our common
Union. ' "
UNRESTRICTED RKI'H MENTATION KECKS-CAUY.
It seems to us, in the exercise of the
calmest and most candid judgment we
can bring to the subject, that such a
claim, so enforced, involves as fatal
an overthrow of the authority of the
Constitution, and as complcto a des
struction of tho Government and
Union, as that which was sought to
be effected by the States and people
in armed insurrection against them
both. It cannot escape observation
that the power thus asserted to ex
clude certain Slates from representa
tion is made to rest wholly in the
ui and discretion of tho ( ongrcss
that asserts it. It is not made to de
pend upon nn Fpecitied conditions or
circumstances, nor to be subject to
any rules or regulations whatever.
The right asserted and exorcised is
absolute, w ithout qualification or re
striction, not confined to States in re
bellion, nor to States that have rebell
od ; it is the right of any Congress in
formal possession of legislative au
thority to exclude any State or States,
and any portion of tho people thereof,
nt any time, from representation in
CongresJnnd in the Electoral College,
nt its own discretion and until they
shall perforin such acts and comp.y
with such conditions as it may dictate.
Obviously, the reasons for such ex
clusion being wholly within the dis
cretion of Congress, may change us
iho Comrress itself shall change. One
O ' '
ful power it can ever poascea is that
..-i.r. i. 1 . :.
int;u ia I'uiiii'u vu unuu 11, ciwvr 111
express terms or by fair and necessary
implication, by tho Constitution of the
United States. It was that power
and that authority which the rebellion
sought to overthrow, and the victory
of tho Federal arms w as simply the
defeat of that attempt.
Tho Government of the United
States acted throughout tho war on
tho defensive. It sought only to hold
possession of what was already its
own. Neither the war, nor the vic
tory by which it was closed, changed
in any way the Constitution of the
United States. Tho war was carried
on br virtue of its provisions, and un
der tho limitations which prescribe,
and the result of tho war did not cither
cnlargo, abridge, or in any way change
oratlecttho jiowers-it confers upon
tho Federal Government, or release
that Government from the restrictions
which it has imposed.
iho Constitution of tho United
States is to day precisely as it was be
fore tho war, the "supreme law of tho
land, anything in the constitution or
laws of any Stato to Iho contrary not
withstanding : and to-day, also, pre
ciscly as before tho war, all tho powers
not conlerred oy mo constitution
upon tho General Government, nor
prohibited by it to the States, are "re
served to tho several States, or to the
people thereof."
This position is vindicated not only
bv the essential nature of our Govern
ment, nnd tho language nnd spirit of Congress may exclude a State lrom all
tho ConstitutiDn. but by all tho acts
rll I U III Uiv iun iiiii lib km v 1 iv .
son : and. that reason removed, tho
next Congress may exclude it tor
another One Stato may be excluded
I on one ground to-day, nnd another
I may be cxciuuea on mo opposite
and language ol our government, in
all its departments, nnd at all times,
from tho outbreak of tho rebellion to
its final overthrow.
SOLE OBJECT OF Till WAR.
In everv message and proclamation ground to-morrow. Northern uscend
of the Executive it was explicitly do- nncy may cxoludo Southern States
clared that the solo object and purpose from one Congress the ascendancy
ofthowarwas to maintain the nu- of Western or of Southern interests,
thorily of tho Constitution and to or of both combined, may exclude tho
preserve the integrity of tho Union ; Northern or the Eastern Slates from
(..11 (;.,. ...a ,.r An,, f.nmit.rv I nnd ( VinrrrfRs morn ih.in oneo rcitera- tho next. Improbable us such usur-
'.. v v...... , ..r - v..a- - -- -- ' 4, ,..,.
!iound by tho duties and obligations! ted thissoiemn ueciarauon, aim uuucu pauons may seem, mu iw "n-i't
. . V ... .1 . 1 1. k . 1 I 1 ...I ,,t..l .,.
the assuranco mat, wnenover wus oo- 01 me principle n" 'n n - u
iect should be attained the war should te 1 unon by Congress, will render
cense, and nil the States should retain them by no means impossible. Tho
their equal rights and dignity unim-j Congress and tho Union is made de
paired. It is only sinco tho war clos-; pendent solely and entirely upon the
ed that other rights have been asserted party and sectional exigencies or 101
on behalf of one department ot tho
General Government.
ASSERTIONS OF CONHRESg.
It has been proclaimed by Congress
that, in addition to the powers con-
red upon it by tho Constitution.
the benefits it has secured, and tho tho l ederal (rovernmcnt may now
of a common patriotism, and having
neither rights nor interests apart from
a common destiny.
PVTIKS OP l'EACE.
Tho duties that devolve npon us
now aro again tho duties of pence, and
no longer the duties of war. Wo have
assembled hero to take counsel con
cerning the interests of peaco : to de
cide how wo may most wisely and
ClicCttlrtll ill t.l til. WUu5 I.... 1.. .
has made, and perfect nnd perpctuato ferr
gross, are merged into tho contlicts ot
arms; to which they directly and inevi
tably tend.
It was against this peril so con
spicuous and fatal to all free govern
ments that our Constitution was in
tcndecTtnpecialiy to "provide:" Jfot1
only tho stability but tho very exis
tence of tho Government is made by
its provisions to depend upon the
right and tho fact of representation.
RK.IIT OF REPRESENTATION.
Tho Congress, upon which is con
ferred all tho legislative power of the
National Government, consists of two
branches, the Senate and House of
Representatives, w hose joint ooncuir
ence or assent is essential to tho va-lidit-
of aiy law. Of these the House
of Representatives, says the Constitu
tion, (article 1, section li) "shall be
composed cf members chosen every
second year by the people of the sev
eral States." Not only is the right
of representation thus recognized as
possessed by all the States and by
every Slate without restriction, quali
fication or condition of any kind,
but the duty of choosing representa
tives is imposed unon tlio people of
each and every State alike, without
distinction, or iho authority to make
distiiic'.ijns among them, for any
reason, or upon any grounds what
ever. And in the Senate, so careful
is the Constitution to secure to every
State this right ui' .representation, it
is expressly provided mar "no state
shall, without its consent, he deprived
ot its equal (suffrage in that boUy,
even by an amendment of the Consti
tution itself.
When, therefore, any State is ex
cluded from such representation, not
only is a right "f'thc State denied, but
iho Constitutional integrity of the
Senate is impaired, and the validity
of tho Government itself is brought in
question."" "Lut Coiigress'af tlio pres
ent moment thus excludes from rep
resentation, in both branches of Con
gress-, ten States of the Union, deny
ing them all share in the enactment
of laws by which the)' are to bo gov
erned, and all participation in the
election of tho rulers by which those
laws aro to bo enforced Jn other
words, a Congress in which only
twenty-six States aro represented,
asserts the right to govern, absolutely
and in it own discretion, all the thirty
six States which compose tho Union
to inako their laws nnd choose their
rulers, and to cxcludo the other ten
from ull share in their own Govern
ment until it sees fit to admit them
thereto, What is there todistingnish
tho power thus asserted and exercised
from tho most ausoiuio ana intolera
ble tyranny ?
.itiviLKui; or cuutNHiP JUToni.n.
Nor dy tho extravagant and unjust
claims on the part ol Congress to
powers and authority never conferred
upon tho Government by the Consti
tution find anv warrant in the argu
ments or excuses urged on their be
half. It is alleged :
First. That these Slates, by the act
of rebellion and by voluntarily w ith
drawing their members lrom Congress,
forfeited their right. of representation,
and that they can only receive it
again at tho hands of tho supreme
legislative authority of tho govern
ment, onits own terms and at its own
discretion. If representation in Con
gress and participation in the Govern-
ment were simple privileges conlerred
and held by favor, this statement
might havo tho merit of plausibility.
Hut representation is, under tho Con
stitution, not only expressly recog
nized us a right, but is imposed as a
duty ; and it is essential in both as
pects'to the existence of the Govern
ment and to tho maintenance ti its
authority. In free governments funda
mental and essential rights cannot be
forfeited, except against individuals,
by due process of law; nor can consti
tutional duties and obligations bo laid
aside. Tho enjoyment of rights may
be for a time suspended by Iho failure
to claim them, and duties may bo
evaded by thcrcfusal to perform them.
Tho withdrawal of their members
Constitution and laws of tho United
States which is made by that funda
mental law tho essential coudition of
representation in its government. No
man within the insurgent States was
allowed to take tho oath to support
tlio Constitution of tho United Slates,
and, as a necessary consequence, no
man could lawfully represent those
States in tho councils of the Union.
I'ut this was only an obstacle to the
enjoyment of the right and to the dis
charge of a duty ; it did not annul the
one nor abrogate tno other ; anu
it ceased to exint when the usurpation
by which it was created had been
overthrown, and tho States Lad again
resumed their allegianco to tho Con
stitution and laws of the United
States.
1 UE REBELLION AN INSURRECTION.
Second. But it is asserted, in sup
port of tho authority claimed by Con
gress now in possession of power, that
it Hows directly from the laws of warj
that it is among the rights which vic
torious war always confers upon the
conquerors, and which the conqueror
may exercise or waive in ins owuujs
crelion. To this we reply that tho
laws in question relate solely, so far
as tho rights they confer are concern
ed, to wars waged between alien and
independent nalions, and can have no
forco or effect, in this regard, in a war
waged by a Government to suppress
an insurrection of its own people, upon
as conditions of their icadniission to
representation in Congress and in the
Electoral College.
FULL CONCURRENCE OF THE STATES RE
QUISITE. It is tho unquestionable right of tho
people of tho United States to make
such changes in the Constitution us
they, upon duo deliberation, may deem
expedient. Hut wo insist that they
Shall hl- Upl'l" n -vl. llrhi.li 4l
Constitution itself points out, in con
formity with tho letter and tho spirit
of that instrument, and with the prin
ciples of self-government nnd of equal
rights which lie at tho basis of our
republican institutions. We dor.y tho
right of Congress to make these
changes in tho fundamental law, with
out the concurrence of three-fourths
of all the States, including especially
those to be most seriously affected by
them ; or to impose them upon States
or people, as conditions of representa
tion, or of admission to any of tho
rights, duties or obligations which be
long uadcr the Constitution to all tho
States alike. And with still greater
emphasis do we deny the right of any
portion of the States, excluding tho
rest of the .Slates from any share in
llipir councils, to nronoso or (sanction
! changes in tho Constitution which aro
to affect permanently their political
relations and,, control or coerce tho
legitimate action of the several mem
bers of tho common Union.
Such an exercise of power is simply
a usurpation, just as unwarrantable
when exercised by Northern States
as it would be if exercised by South-
Urn, and not to bo fortified or palliated
its own soil, against its authority. If, by anything in thepast history cither
wo had carried on successful war i ot those py whom u is aitempieu or
against any foreign nation, wc might of those upon whose rights and Ubcr
ties it is to take effect. It hnds no
warrant in the Constitution. It is at
war with the fundamental Principles
of our form of government. If toler
ated in one instance, it becomes tho
thereby have acquired possession and
jurisdiction ot their soil, with the right
to enforce our .laws upon their people,
and to impose upon them 6uch laws
and huch obligations as wc might.
choose. Eut we had before the war j precedent for future invasions ol hbcr
completo jurisdiction over the soil of ty and constitutional right dependent
the Southern Statc& limited on'y by.UJy 'p u' w'iJI i' tho yartj iu
oaf owft Couniuiron. Our laws wero possession ot" power, and thus leads,
tho only national laws in furco iipon'l'y direct and necessary sequence, to
it. Tho Government of tho United, the most fatal and intolerable of all
States was the only Government j tyrannies the tyranny of shifting,
through which thoso States and their J and irresponsible political factions. It
people had relations with foreign na-j is against this, the most formidablo
lions, and its flag was tho only flag by of all the dangers -which menace tho
which they were recognized or known (stability of free government, that tho
unv where on the face of tho earth. I Constitution of tho United States was
in all these respects, and in all oth-. intended most caret ully to provide
er respects involving natioual inter-1
csU aud rights, our
possession was
It did not need
perfect aud complete.
to bo acquired, but only to be main
tained; and victorious war against
tho rebellion could do nothing more
than maintain it. It could only vin
dicate and re-establish tho disputed
supremacy of tho Constitution. It
could neither enlarge nor diminish the
authority which that Constitution con
fers upon the Government by which
it was achieved. Such an enlarge
ment or abridgement of constitutional
powerful! be effected only byuinciid-
ment 01 tlio ooiisiuuiioii useii, anu
such amendment can bo made only in
the modes which tho t onstilutioii
itself prescribes. The claim that the
suppression of an insurrection against
the Government gives additional au
thority and power to that Govern
ment; especially that it enlarges the
juribdict ion ot Congress and gives that
body the right to exclude Slates from
representation in the national coiiii-
rils. without which tho nation itself
can havo no authority and no exist-'
fiieo, seems to us at variauco alike
with the principles of the Constitu
tion and wT-h the public safety.
WAY TO AMEND THE CONSTITUTION.
Third. Jut it is alleged that in
certain particulars the Constitution of
the United Stales fails to secure that
absolute justice and impartial equality
which tho principles id" our Govern
ment require; that it was in these re
spects tho result of compromises and
concessions, to which, however neces
sary w hen tho Constitution was form
ed, wo are no longer compelled to sub
mit and that now, having the power,
through successful war and just war
rant lor its exercise in the hostile con
duct of the insurgent section, the act
ual Government o." the United States
may impose ils ow n conditions, and
inn'ke the Constitution conform in all
We demand a strict and steadfast ad
herenco to its provisions. In this,
and in this alone, can wo find a basis
of permanent Union and peace.
LOYALTY OF TUE SOUTH UNQUESTIONED.
Fourth. But it is alleged, in justifi
cation of the usurpation which we con
demn, that the condition of the South
ern States and people is not such as
render safe their readiiiissiou to u
share in the government of the coun
try; that they uro still disloyal' in
sentiment and purpose, and that pei
thcr the honor, credit, nor the inter
ests of tli3 nation M ould be safe if they
were readmitted toa share iu its coun
cils. We might reply to this
1. That we havo no right, for such
reasons, to deny to any portion of tho
Stales or people rights expressly con.
ferred upon them by the Constitution
of the U nited States.
2. That so long as their acts aro
thoso of loyalty so long as they con
form in all their public conduct to tho
requirements of the Constitution and
laws we have no right to exact from
thorn conformity iu their sentiments
and opinions to our own.
from Congress by the States which I itsprovisions to its own ideas ol equal
...,mwi..,1 il... i .ml ( ;..e..riniii'iit was ii v nnd the riehts id mau. Congress
nm.iii.r ilw.ir .wi ti inmiri i'i i ion wasiit. its last session proposed amend
one of (ho means nnd agencies by
hlessin-s which, under a wise and bo-; claim over tho States, tho territory
nign l'rovideiico, have
sprung up in j and tho people involved in tho insur-
its fierv track. This is the work, not rection, tho right of war, the rights ol
of passion, but of calm and sober judg-j conquest and of confiscation, tho right
mi nt, not of resentment for past to abrogate all existing governments,
offences nroloncd bevond the limits institutions and laws, and to subject
which justice and reason prcscri ho, the territory conquered and its inhabi
iiut of a liberal statesmanship w hich tants tosuch laws, regulations and do
' tolerates what it cannot prevent, and privations as the legislative tlepart-
ben ranee of the hour
Wc need not stop to show that such
action not only finds no warrant in the
('(institution, but is at war with every
princ'pl" of our Government, and with
tho very existence oi iree nisiiiuiums.
It is, indeed, the identical practice
which has rendered fruitless all at-
i .. I. III. ....... (n ....I nl.litl. n.wlmnin.
i.in froc government in Mexico and I nor the duly to bo represented wus in ; isted ; and it is claimed that these
ii... . a i n..-.. ! l.init imiinii'i'il bv iho tiict ofiiihur- uiiicudmt'uts inn v bo maJo valutas
IHO Maies 01 ooutii iin'rici. imo i , , .1 .. , n. ,-. , . -,k
-.,;.:. i...,.iv,.Da0.,,.r.lrcctioii : butit may have been that1 partsot thcoriginal Constitution With
. 1.. i.:..i. iJ ,..nm. nf ilm fiiiTrrf.iinn the con- out tho concurrence ot tho Mates to
lor to t no lunuamemui imv, w iuvu ii -v - -- - --- -
ni. nid.,inr,w.UpSSob.Hlieneototheir ditions on which the enjoyment ot be mst seriously atlecled h thi m, ot
i,,o.i ...i,;ii( .l,ntli. in 1 bn I that right and the performance of that may bo imposed upon those Mates by
exercise of power, in the administra-1 duty for tNj time depended could not ihrce-ftml lhs of the remaining Stales,
which they sought to impair tho au-
authority and defeat the action of the
Government, nnd that act was annull
ed ami rendered void when the insur
rection itself was suppressed.
Neither the right of represei. tation
ment s to the Constitution, ciilargin
in homo verv imi ortaut particulars
the authority of tho General Govern
ment over that of tho several Mates,
and reducing, by iiidiieetdisfranchise-
mcnt. the representative power ol the
Slates in which shivery formerly ix-
:,. That we have no right to distrust
iho purpose or the ability of the peo
ple of the Union to protect and defend
under .all contingencies, and by what
ever means may be required, its honor
and its welfare.
These would, in our judgment, bo
full and conilusive snswers to tho plea
thus advanced for tho exclusion of
these States from the Union. Uul wo
say further, that this plea rests upon
n complete misapprehension or an uu
just perversion ot existing facts.
ITS PE VCEAV.I.V.N ESS.
Wo do not hesitate to affirm, that
there is no section ot the country
where tho Constitution and Jaws of
the United States find a more prompt
and entire obedience than in thoso
States, and among those people who
were lately in arms against ihom, or
where there is less purpose or danger
of any future attempt to overthrow
their authority. It would seem to bo
both natural and inevitable that, ii
States aud sections so recently swept
by the whirlwind of war, where all
tho ordinary modes and methvd f
organized industry havo been broken
up, and the Kinds and influences that
guarantee social order have leen de
stroyed ; whore thousands and tens of
thousands of ' turbulent spirits have,
been suddenly loosed from the disci
pliuo of war, and thrown, without re
sources or restraint, upon a uisorgan.
ized and chaotic society, ;i)d wheru
9