I ?
222
r U
Ay Ay Ay
W
Ay Ay Ay
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VOL. XXXVIII WHOLE NO. 1837.
CLEARFIELD, PAn WEDNESDAY, FEB. 21, 1866.
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SPEECH
OP
ENATOR W. A. WALLACE,
CF CLEARFIELD COtXTT,
." V -. 1 ..A' ' . 1.
" J?' -wunont approving ine
action of those members, of Congress
from Pennsylvania who voted in a-J
vorof the JJistrid of Columbia Aegro
Suffrage Hill, and instructing the
Pennsylvania U. S. Senators to sup
port the tame in that body.
Mr. WALLACE said : Mr. Speaker,
I approach this Bubject seriouHly, feel
ing deeply the responsibilities that
rebt upon me as a senator upon this
ioor, and that seriousness of feeling
Is impressed upon me by the carnest
nens with which this measure is urged
by Senators. I desire to meet the
responsibility which we are asked to
meet, calmly, dispassionately and fear
lessly, as did the Senator, (Mr. Low
ry,) who proceeded me.
jj " SEEK. THE RIGHT AXD FOLLOW IT.
' The Senator from Bradford, (Mrj
sLandon,) takes the position that we
should seek the right, and fearlessly
follow it. I desire to do so. I desire
to use tho feble intellect that God
s Almighty has given me, in discerning
i the right ; and, when I discern it,
f obeying tho instincts of my nature
and of my blood obeying not these
. alone but tho experience that all his
tory points out to me obeying the
I teachings of the past, I demro to fol-
low that path fearlessly and faithfully.
f 1 do not desire, sir, to set up my fec
i ble judgment, my finite ideas, as the
I will of llim who sits abovo and rules
I ke heavens and the earth. Far be it
i from me, an erring human creature,
bUU9 KltlttbO U1J 3U11. UUIj OIL, Uj
the teachings of the past, by the ex
perience of the present, by those
things that are implanted deep in the
hearts and minds of my race, I desire
to test this question and to determine
my line of duty. Sir, I seek no new
path ; but as a practical, earnest, hon
est citizen of this republic, I desire to
be guided by all the lights that histo
ry throws around mo. I desire to be
cuided by all tho characteristics and
circumstances that unite to make up
our present glorious record.
TIIE PEOPLE THE ARBITERS.
This question of suffrage is one of
the most important that has ever been
' approached or ever can be approached
by the people of this country. It is
peculiarly a question to be decided by
the people themselves, and not by
their representatives, and I desire to
impress it npoa Senators, that when
ever and wherever in all the States of
this country it has been attempted to
decide the question of the right of suf
frage, it has invariably been referred
, by the Representative authorities to
the sourco of all power, the people.
You seek a new path and are about to
initiato the right of exercising this
groat privilege without the action of
tho people, and against their known
, will.
IS IT a mcni 1
Now, sir, is tho right of suffrage a
man? in its more extensive and nat
ural sonsof I affirm that it is not.
It has ever been treated, on the con
trary, as & conventional right. Why,
1 air, tho Englishman or th French
man, possessed of all tho education,
' the refinement and the culture that
he may have acquired in the highest
, schools of his native country, when
he comes to this continent, does not
.here at once obtain at our hands the
right to this priceless boon, this tes
timonial of sovereignty; but ho is
compelled to endure a period ot pro
bation before he is clothed with that
anght. Sir, Massachusetts, from which
Ton got your ideas, to whose statute:
Twoksyou look for examples she who
ds nowgoverningthiscountrjrthrough
tho men whom you follow she, too,
requires fitness. Her constitution 'somebody's magnificent future
places upon its pages the requirement! Tho Senator from Berks quotes
of a capacity to read and write, before' Judgo Hopkinson and Iluil Columbia,
this privilege is granted. New York,! Ho might have added that the Star
too, requires & qualification in the Spangled Banner and Hail Columbia
: ehapo of property. Now, theso in-'sing of the victories of the white man ;
stancos, it would appear to me, aro they tell us in eloquent Bongofthc
sufficient to satisfy any reasonable 1 triumphs of our race, and will ever bo
mind that this is not a natural right, 1 their grand memento ; but Dixie, with
as understood in this country, but its purling cadences and melting
that it h a conventional right. The strains, floats to tho ear the impress
men whose tetchings and leadings of its paternity, and will descend in
my frieDd from Erie, (Mr. Lowrr,) all time as the Ethiopian strain that
nd the Senator from Bradford, (Mr. 'marshalled the hosts of an unsucccss
Landon,) are following the English ful rebellion. Sirs, remember re
Abolitionists who freod the negroes member that these things, "trifles
of Jamaica, then and there placed a light as air," evince wha' wo ro and
4jua!ificatiaa upon the right of suffrage what we are to be.
they required that before the freed- j CoDcedod that tho law of the world
, man should have the rijht to vote he is tho law of progress ; conceded that'
ahoald bo possessed in his own right, God's law is the lav4tion of hnmsni.i
of five acres f had. So that the ty, oar progress is already nnexam-
teachings not only of Massachusetts
and New York, but of the men who
originated this idea that has culrnina-l
ted and broujrht upon us untold. mis-
ery, have admitted the fact that this ; nose and kinky hair, but these are
is a conventional and not a natural'.tha triumphs of the men with aquiline
right.
This conventional right is then to
be given or withheld according to its
propriety or the will of a majority or
j ruling power of the State. I shall not
V..OV.
di8cuss tho latter consideration, as
thafc h 0e fiUed fop anolbcr lorum
Lnd w; bo appr0BCiied ;n ti,e
dl8tant aturl hat J ehall con
, remarkg t0 tho propriety of g
not far
nfino my
vropriety of granting
or withholding this right of suffrage
to or irom the people to whom Con
gress proposes to give it.
The Senator from Bradford, (Mr.
Landon,) has furnished me with a
very appropriate text, a text that I
Ehall not fail to use, and in dilating
upon it, or in my discussion of the sub
ject before us, whilst I shall speak em-
1hatically, whilst my utterances shall
e my convictions, I trust I shall be
offensive to nono.
ELEVATION AND PROGRESS OF III' MAN ITT.
The Senator from Bradford affirms
that God's law is the elevation of hu
manity. Granted. He assorts that
the law of progress is the law of the
world. Admitted. Do I understand
his first proposition to be that he who
is elevated is to remain stationary
whilst he who is below is to be eleva
ted to tho higher standard. I will
not do him bo great injustice. His
first proposition is and of right ought
to be consistent with tho second, and
if it be, we agree in practice as well
as in sentiment. Tho elovation of
humanity as well as tho law of pro
gress requires that each should move
onward and upward from tho stand
point he before occupied, so that he
who before was civilized may now be
come enlightened, whilst he who be
fore was barbarous may t:ow become
civilized. Let us now take the bear
ings of these propositions upon tho
practical question beforo us.
OUR PROGRESS.
Has not the elevation of humanity
upon this continent, in the past sev
enty years, been such cs was never
before witnessed upon the earth 7 Has
not your progress been unexampled
in tho history of tho world? None
will gainsay theso propositions. The
story of your nation is the romance
of prorres9 : tho history of vsar Ik-
public, tho holiday of man's elevation.
JiOok, if j-ou please, at its triumphs.
See, if you will, its material progress.
See the forest felled; the soil tilled.
See your broad acres, stretching from
the Atlantic to the Pacific. Seo the
lightning of heaven made to do your
bidding. See every river and lake,
and mountain, and shoro coursed by
the chained elements that have been
brought from the earth, from the air,
from tho water, to obey tho will of
man, that have been harnessed by
man and arc upturning the soil, plough
ing the water, travclingoverthe moun
tain, saving labor, easing tho curse of
bod that man shall eat his bread in
the sweat of his face all theso you
have before you in your material pro
gress. 1 ou have increased irom three
millions to thirty-five millions of peo
ple. Sir, the arts and sciences flour
ish here as they do in no other Jand
in all the world. Here, you see pop
ulation and expanso of land and, not
least of all, power magnificent pow
er, as displayed in the last four years
the grasp of mind, tho vigor of in
tellect that could bring into being ar
mies such as we have put into the
field, that could provide for sustaining
and feeding armies such at have'thun-
dered across our country and at whose
numbers and prowess the world stood
aghast
Sirs, go with me to the Capitol at
Washington. There, from foundation
to turret-stone, from the ground to
tho statue that crowns tho dome, you
see in every stone and every corner,
upon every doorway the recorded ev-
lidenecs of somebody's triumph, of
somebody's capacity for progress, of j
pled, our grade of humanity largely
elevated.
Sirs, theso are the triumphs not of
the men with the clonirnted heel, flat
nose, straight hair and white- cuticle
These are the triumphs of tho race to
winch you and 1 belong ; and you ore
,lcs3 than a man it you do not glory in
'them and stop at the brink of the prcc-
hpiee over which they arc about to be
saenficod in an unknown future. . ,
Are theso evidences of triumph, arc
these evidences of capacity for pro
gress, are these recorded indications
of what is yet to come, evidences of
our triumphs or evidences ot the tri
umphs of another race? Sirs, these
aro evidences of our triumphs. Shall
wo surrender these, tho insigna of our
race f Shall we surrender these, the
trophies that we have- won in a war
witti matter? Shnll we haelv bow
our neck and submissively yield these
trophies to a weaker race? Shall
opines
these be the badges of our weakness,
the trophies of a mixed and mongrel
race? Sirs, shall we surrender the
ballot, the emblem of sovereignty,
that which makes us men f hhall
this be 3"ielded to the hand of another
race ? These are the quostions that
confront us,
SHALL WE BE FETTERED ?
I have briefly portrayed to you the
evidences of your capacity for progress.
.Nations differ as do men ; nations aro
as diverse in intellect and in capacity
for progress as are individuals in the
different qualities which they possess.
Sir, in one raco you have capacity for
progress ; in another race you have no
such capacity. He have demonstra
ted our capacity for progress. Have
tho black race demonstrated theirs ?
Sirs, what is their history ? Have
they capacity for progress? They are
incrt.stolid and lileless.and tho propo
sition that you set up by theso resolu
tions, when carried to its legitimate
conclusion.is simply the chaining of a
MAS WHO IS FCLf. Or V1TALITT AND
WnO BA8 DEMONSTRATED III CAPACITY
FOR FROORE88 TO THE CORPSE-LIKE BODY
OF THAT MAN Wno HAS SO CAPACITY
for prooress. I shall undertake to
prove this as I progress.
TIIE NEGRO HAS NO CAPACITY FOR TRO-
ORKS8.
There are races that have no history,
and known and recognized for thou
sands of years, the negro is still with
out a progressive history. Mingling
lor centuries With tno Egyptian, lliO,
canitacrcnian ana tue noman, iney
still remain the samend on do pago of
written history, either sacred or pro
fane, is it shown that they nossessed
ability in intellect or gained any of
the material advantages that belong
to a progressive race. Singular as is
this omission of their favorable men
tion in history, it may yet have been
accidental, but if in all lime past they
have demonstrated capacity for pro
gress, some evidence should exist of
the fact, tradition, ruined edifices,
marks of power lost,encrgy displayed
and battles won should somewhere
appear. Nono such exist. No such
evidence can be found.
In all other portions ofthe known
world save Central and Southern Afri
ca evidences of progress and develop
ment appear. In some, the ever effa
cing hand of time and the myriad of
causes that prove to us that nations,
like men, are mortal, havo swept
away the elements ot refinement and
of civilization, and left but rains to
tell the Btory of their existence. Asia,
with her teeming miIlions,at every turn
demonstrates her capacity for pro-
rress. China, India, rersia.tbe lands
of the Russ, the Tartar and the Turk,
bear upon their soil tho evidences of
prcsscnt civilization and of past mag
rjificenco ; and Babylon,Tdmor,Kine'
vah and Edom riso up in sombre gran
deur to testify to the capacity ofthe
hand that fashioned them.
Europe is now tho centre of refine
ment and ofthe arts, and her ruinod
temples, decayed arches and crumb
ling ruins speak eloquently ofthe ca
pacity and power of the nations that
once peopled her valleys and dictated
laws to the habitable globe.
America, North nnd South, before
the advent of the Anglo-Saxon, was
peopled by tribes of men in whom
the capacit' for progress was clearly
a fact. The impress of their hands,
the monuments of their existence
are found in the Mississippi Valley ,in
the sculptured ruins of Uxmal and
Falenque, in the elaborate masonary
and splendid structures of Mexio,and
in tho debris of tho palaces of the
Incas.
Even Africa, north of the equator,
brings her tribute of evidence to tho
fact I assert. The storied pilars and
imperishable pyramids of Egypt, and
the almost buried remnants of ancient
Carthage stand out amid the sands of
the desert and unite in tho declara
tion that their builders possessed all
the elements of human wisdom and different states of tho Union. Let us
progress, and m corroborating the Bee where tho men of the collorod race
truths of sacred and profane history. who have white blood in them, live,
The tawny Moor, with proud port whether it is in the South or in the
and flanhingeye, remembers the glo- North. You cannot deny the evidence
rious record of hisraco, and even now 1 of your own census. J refer you to
in his burning home the memories of page 83 of tho Compendium, show
Granada and ofthe Albambraare toldiing tho black and mulatto population
in Btory andin song.
All, all speak of Bcopo for develop
ment; of capacity for progress.
Let us turn to tho home ofthe negro.
Their hind Upmost fortilo, nnd feed
for man is produced with but trifling
labor. Its vegetablo productions are
almost spontaneous, tho domestic ani
mals so essential to tho comfort and
existence of man, have alwayB been
possessed by thon,in greater numbers
than in most othtr sections of tho
world. For four htndred j'ears thev and nearly three-quarters mulattoes
have been m communication with to every ono hundred blacks.
Christian nations of, western Europe In Massachusetts, the proportion is
and Irom time immenorial with the! thirty-four aud a little more than
nations of westerii Aia, upon 'three quarters mulattoes to evory one
t lie cost, ana upon me nue. nun
greater opportunities for advaiiot iiient
and progress than those possessed by
tho most favored, they are yet sunk
in the lowest depths tf barbarism:
Licentiousness, brutality and all tho
heathen rites of paganism, are tho dis
tinguishing marks of the people. Jo
evidences exist that they havo ever
been better. Implement of agricul
ture and for manufacturing purposes
are rare. In all their broad land no
hewn stone or sculptured tablet, no
manufactured brick or monumental
structure appears. No arches,bridges,
tombs or pyramids speak of power in
the present or capacity in the past;
but back through the vista or centu
ries their land nnd people present a
monotonoui and unbroken aspect of
6tupidity ard barbarism. Ihecvidences
of capacity for progress, apparon. in
all the worid besido, are here wanting.
Captain Burton, a rewjut English
traveW in Central Africa.in his work
thus erapbirally portrays thecharac-
ter ot
i the jvrpfc :
"The tnd of yeholo(ry In Eartera Afrioa
ii the toi!rf Kau'i rudiaeBtal mind. wbo.
olijoet totke it tit J of material nature, he
neither progreeeet nor retrogredei. Me wonld
appear rather a degeneracy from the eiriliied
mail than a earaee riinr to ttie tint itep, were
it not for hie aroarent incapacity for improre
nent. He hainot the ring of the troe metal; tfcrre
ia no ricb nature at in the New Zealander for
education to cultivate, lie eeemi to belong to
one of thoee child iia racei which, Barer riling
to man'i eitate, fall like worn out lifcke from the
great chain of animated nature. He unitee the
incapacity of infancy with the compliancy of
azei the futiuir uUiiiM'joud, and the credulity
of yonlh with tbe ikcpticiim of the adult and
iheembornneu and eieotrr ofthe uid.
lb a oiii, U nai
lieali-n lande and eeae. For centuriei he hai
becnin direct intercourse with the more adranced
(.eople of tho eastern eoact, and though few bare
teen a European, there are not many who hate
not cut ejei upon an Arab. Still be ba
tupped ihort at the threthold of progreae be
ehuwi no tigm of development ; no hi fiber and
more varied orderi of intellect aro called into
This is the evidenco of a traveler of
undoubted authority, ho too an Eng
lishman with anti-Blavcry proclivities
and desirous of elevating tho raco.
And, sirs, I affirm that wheuevcr and
wherever, in all time past, it has been
attempted to aruuac Huso people cs .1
people to development and progress,
the result has but served to demon
strate the truth of my position.
OCR OWN EXPERIENCE.
I cite to you your own experience
in the North. I do not desiro you to
take exceptional cases, eithor of low
grade or of high grudo, but to look at
tlieui as a rule. Deal with this ques
tion as statesmen, as men who desire
the benefit of their raco and of their
country, looking at tho whole subject,
not at exceptional cases. As a rule,
let mo askyou,aro they not dependent
upon the whito man? Aro they
not servile ? Can you ever get them
to work unless at tho dictation
and under the control of the white
man ? l'id you ever learn that a ne
gro had invented anything? Did yon
ever learn that ho had improved aqy
thing ? I never have, nordo I believe
that any man ever has. They aro idle,
improvidentand licentious. Ol couro,
thero nro exceptions to this, but the
exceptions nro raro.
TIIE MULATTO.
My friends, the Senator from Erie
and the Senator from Bradford, both
talked about the mulatto in the South,
and said many of t hem were eons of
Congressmen. The Senator from
Uradlord Mr. ljandon doalt in gen
. O
ed, by special reference to facts nnd
statistics. Tho Senator from Jr-rio
rMr. Lowrvl said that these colored
pcoj !o should have the right to voto
nnd that, if allowed to have that light,
some of them would elect from their
ownciassino eons 01 uongrcfsmcn.
Tho Senator from Bradford (I cannot
give his exact words) snid very nearly
the tame thine. Now, lot me show,
you from the pages of theCompendi-j
urawyour recorded census or lfau
tho last one lean col what is the
proportion of mulattoes, the men who
have partly white paternity, in the
eraluies. I desire to rrfiHe some of. record td cadences of the progress of
tho ceneral arguments that head vnnc- Uhis race; and wiso, liberal and sensi -
of tho United States.
In 1850, tho proportion of tmilttoes
to the wholo number of "blacks in the
Stato of South Carolina was that of
four and a half to one hundrod.
In Alabama, the proportions mvtn
and about one-fourth of mulattoes to
ovcry one hunnred fclaeks.
In Connecticut, the proportion is
thirty and one-half mulattoes to every
one hundred blacks.
In Georiria, the proportion is six
hundred blacks.
In Michigan, tho proportion of mu
lattoes, to the whole number of blacks,
is seventy-six and a little better than
one-fourth to every one hundred
blacks.
In Ohio, it is one hundred and
twenty-nine mulattoes to every one
hundred blacks.
These are the facts on tho face of
your recorded census. I do not want
to hear benators talking about mulat
toes in tho South when they have an
infinitely'greater number-aye, twenty
times the proportion of them in tho
North that is to be found in theSouth.
Even South Carolina, "that hot-bed
of secession," has but a little over
four mulattoes to every one hundred
blacks, while the State of Massachu
setts has about eight times that num-
ber.
PROPORTION OF CRIME.
I have a few moro statistics here.
I refer to tho same book, pago 1C5. I
wont to show you something about
the crimes of these people who havo
such capacity for progress (?) I want
to demonstrate to you tho fact that
wherever they have had an opportu
nity to make the progress that you
desire they should make, that wher
ever the opportunity has been given
them to fittncmsclves for the right to
vote, that there tho proportion of
crime committed by them is larger
than in any other section of this con
tinent' That is a fact that this book
demonstrates. Now, remember that
w 1 . . . I - it ; -I a
wassaciiusctis irave 1110 negro me nniii
to vote when ho was able to read and
write, and that in ew 1 ork ho has Cupy the land, s-juat here and tbero
the right to voto when he is possessed and move when it suits their conveni
of a certain amount of property. The enee. They live from hand to tnoudi,
statistics of 1850 show that in the 'on bread fruits and yams. In I80O,
State of Massachusetts there was one; Mr. Trollopo, an English anti-slavery
negro convict to every two hundred '. traveler, 6aid that one-half of tho u
and sixty-two. Tho proportion in jgnr plantations, and moro than one
New York is about the same Penn- half of the coffeo plantations thero
sylvar.ia has one black convict to ev-j had gone back to the bush. Look at
ery five hundred black men witlrU her jtho figures. From 1829 to 1S53 tho
borders. This demonstrates that un-! yearly average of its productions wts:
der our policy, which makes them not j Of sugar, tG,282 tons. Now, it is
our equals, which docs not vest them about SU,000 tons. Of rum, 55,505
with the power of sovereignty, much 'puncheons 5 now.it is 20,000 paa
loss crimo is committed than in those chcons. Of coffee, 17,645,000 IW;
sections in which they have greater now it is about 7,000,000 Hs. MTh
privileges and aro permitted to vote. 'great decay in tho material prosperity
I have more statistics. On pago of Jamaica is mndo moro striking by
160 of tho census of 1850, under the the fats, that during the period be
head of Prisons and Penitentiaries for (t ween 1852 and 1847, 605 tngarrd
1S50, wo find that out of every ten coffeo plantations, containing 56,432
thousand colored pcoplo of the State acres of land, and affording employ
of Maryland there wore seven and nicnt to 49,383 laborers were cntk-elv
about a quarter in prison. In every abandoned ; and irom 1818 to 1?53,
ten thousand colored pcoplo of the 573 other plantations,of3!ll,187acres,
State of Massachusetts thero were were totally or partially turr.jdto
forty-six and more than a quarter of , waste, and this in an island of !cs
colored pooplo in prison six times as tl, act 7,000 square .miles. These as
many colored convicts in the peniten- tounding facta aro verified Try Care-,
tiary in Massachusetts in 1850 as there , and a statement made by tho West
were in Maryland. In New York, IndiA Association of (jiWgow, and
where they huve the property qualifi- appendeut documents. Bigdow, in
cation, there were fifty-one blacks in ; L,s Notes on Jamaica, says :
prison to every ten thousand colored j "Shipping hat deierted ber pru ; fcr mr.
people; and in Pennsylvania, thero "Illoenl planlatiom tf ttigar and coffee re run.
, 1 ii,. ,1 . ' ' njng to weede; ber private dworrlnge are falling
were nineteen blacks in the pemten-, t0 lh,'eofolrU lurUb, wUok b
tiary to every ten thousand colored. , long to induttnal ptnuperity have been nt off,
These aro facts that cannot bo gain- J nB. lun.hitanie and u day
1 rni, ... r,.,r. I 1 ia at band when there will be ne one lofto rep.
snid. They aro found upon your rec- re(fn, lh, w,th indigence, and hostility
ords, and you must make tho best Of fur which the Jamaica planter wae aoe eedii
them. 1 affirm that they aro facts Unrnifhed."
that speak louder than declamation, I 1 do nt now wh) t'1'8 ; porlpt
louder than tho ideas of gentlemen gentlemen can explain it. Tho laud
hero founded upon what they conceive is becoming a waste, thopopulation is
to bo "tho will of God" aye, these
aro facts of the nast. Thev are tho
' - - j -
ble men will look at them beforo they
act upon tins great issue.
Again, tho proportion of colored'
convicts in tho prisons, jailsand alms -
houses in tho several cities given here,
as compnrod with tho total population
j 01 wiwse wuen, is mis : in mutton mere
is one to every sixteen of the colored
, population nnd one to every thirty -
fourofthe white population. In New,
York thero is ono to every twenty-
wuroi tue colored population and ono
to every forty-fivo of the white popu
lation. In Pbilidelphia thero is one
to every twenty-nine nf tbt ciWed
and ono to every seventy-eight ofthe
whito. In iutumond thero is one to
every forty-fivo of tho colored and ono
to every one hundred and twelve of
the whito.
Sufficient from the census. I think
I Lave maintained my position so far
as our country is concerned. This
race, in their own land, could have
demonstrated no capacity forprogrees
that would not have been transplant
ed here, wbcro all tho facilities ncees-
ary for self-development are given
tnetn. "
THE EXPERIENCE OF JAMAICA.
Now, Jet ms visit Jamaica, the land
that was to bo the lysium of the ne
gro. That island, in 1838, when the
members of our convention were in
serting in the Constitution of the
State tho word "wlute," was emanci
pated, and universal freedom proclaim
ed. SufErageand political rights were
there given to all colors by the gov
ernment of Great Britain, but propcr
tT qualification was uniform ; every
voter must have five acres of land.
The island of Jamaica possessed great
natural Advantages, its production
was almost spontaneous; it was the
very garden of that section of tho
world. Its total population was about
four hundred ana fifty thousand, of
which three hundred and fifty thou
sand were blacks, eighty thousand
mulattoes and fifteen thousand whites.
From 1838 to 1853 these inhabitants
were f rco, with the ria ht to make pro
gress, encouraged and upheld by the
mother coar.try, which sent them
money in immense amounts. Yet, ia
lSf3, Earl BussclL, one of the -Secretaries
of Great Britain, reports to tho
home government that thero werebut
threo thousand men thero ontitled to
vote three thousand (!) out of foir
hundred and fifty thousaud, four hun
dred and thirty odd thousand of wiwm
were colored. Why is this? Why
did they not make progress wLen
placed nponan equality with the most
favored? Why is it that that land
docs not become what gentlemen pro
claim the South will become under to
beneficent rule of the negroes? Ii is
because inherent capacity for progress
docs not exist in these people ; thai in
their natures, debased and ensuat s
they are, that qualification whcfc. U
essential for progress in all races does
not exist, and never has existed.
The productive power of that island
has been decreasing over since eman
cipation ; vagrants and squatters jwso-
, n o the
pie the whole land. Thev ore not in-
1 telligent and respectable, but tbeyce
returning to barbarism ; nnd liberty
wit" them is what it always has been
.1 . e1
'nuwuai you must nuuni 11 is now
'. "ong these poople in the South,
Libert it liecnac lice-use to be idle
license not to work; license to bo
oual 5 license to be sluggish; license
, 10 roinpw uuv ihohuuiwoi mvir an
cestorn.
PEVIXOr THE SOUTH.
The Senator from Bradford says:
"Tho South is fertile," and he wants
; to dovolop it Aye.it isa fert
ile land,
tho very cardon of the country : but
let hira be warned b tho examples of
men who desired to accomplish tins
object ns earnestly acl hnesl'v as ho
does. Let him. remember the cxnmpk
cvjircrxuTn c ttPtn.j