f' f f
mmwm
D. W. MOOEE, Editor and Proprietor.
VOL. XXXVI.- WHOLE i0,
To t!t b'f.nrt and Uouuqf Representative! : '
Again the blessing of health and abun
dant harvests claim our profoundest grat
itude to Almighty God. The condition
of our foreign atTaira is reasonably satis
factory. Mexico continues to bo the the
atre of cifil war. While our political re
lation with that country have underuoue
so change, we have at the same time
strictly , maintained peulralit, between
but., or Costa Kic. and icaraugua a
vilO i UU1 BU m V v-M u ww v tUB
l. .LUZ
to make a survey of the rive
uuu,
and ice port or ban Juan. It is a source
of much satisfaction that the difficulties
which, for a moment, excited tome politi
cal apprehensions, and caused a closing of
the inner-oceanic transit route have been
amicably adjusted, and that there is a
good prospect that the route will soon be
r-opened with an increase of capability,
and adaptation. We would not exagger
ate cither (ho commercial or the political
importance of that great .improvement.
It would be doiug injustice to an impor
tant South American Slate not to acknnwl-
cih'A the dirWtnnsfi- frnnWnm. anil nrl.
r " . I
uaibia have entered into intimate rela
tions with this Government. A cUiia oon
rentlon has been constituted to comrlete
tli unfinished work of the one which clo
led its sessious in 18t3i. Tlio nev liberal
constitution of Venezuella having gone
into ellect with the universal acquiescence
of the people, the Government under it
has been recognized and diplomatic inter
course wuti it has been opened in a cor
dial and friendly spirit. The long defer
red Avis Island claim ha3 been satisfacto
rily paid and discharged. Mutual pay-
monts havo been made of the claims a
wurded by the Joint Commission for the
lettleroeut of claims between the United
States and Peru, An earnest and cordial
frieudbhip continues to exit belweon the
two countries and such efforts as were In
my power have been used to remove mis
understanding, and avert a threatened
war between reru and .Spam. Our rela
tions are of the most friendly nature with
Chili, the Argentine Kepubl'.c, Bolivar,
Costa, ilion, i'aragun, Sau .Sulvtidor and
ilsti. Dunns the past roar no diiiercu-
ch of any kind hare arisen w ith any of
tbesa republics, and on tho otfer hand
their sy rural hies with the United States
re constantly expressed.
J ho claim aribinff from tlw seizure ot
the cargo of the b-ig Macedonian, in 13i51,
bceu paid in lull by tlie oovernment
of Ch:fi. Civil war continues in the Span
ish ceat of San Douimgo, apparently with
out prospect nt en early close.
Utncml ooirespondnce lias been open-
ti ith Liberiii, and it ive9 us a pleasing
view of social and political progress in
that Republic. It is expected to dorive
nsw vigor from Americun inilucnce, im
proved by the rapid disappsarauce of sla
very in the United States.
I solicit your authority to furnish the
Republic a gucboal at a moderate cost, to
he reimbursed to the United Stales by
installments. Such a vessel is needed for
the safety of that State against the Afri
can raco, aiid in Liberian hand. The po
tottion of the least organized naval force
should stimulate generous ambition on
the part of the Republic, and the oonfl
doncH which we should nianifest by fur
nishing it would win foibearance and fa
vor toward tho colonies from all the civi
lized nations. ...
The proposed overland te egrapn oe-
tweon America and Lurope,. by aay o
Behrine Straits, and Asiatic Russia, which
wss sanctioned by congress at iu n.v
teision, has been undertaken, under very
favorable circumstances, by an aisociation
of American citizen, with tho cordial
good will and support of this Government,
is well as those of Great Britain and Rus-
- . .'I . II. A I f V
i;s. Assurances uave oeoii rounc num
most of the American States of tueir nign
ipprecialion of tho enterprise, and their
readiness -to co-cperato in constructing
lines tributary to that world encircling
communication- I loam with much sat
isfaction, that the noble design of a tele
graphic communication between the eas
tsrn roast of America and Great Britain
has been renowe i with full expectation of
its early accomplishment. Thus, it is lip
ped that, with the return of domestic
peace, the country will be able to resume,
with energy and advantage, their former
high career of commerce and civilization.
Our very popular and estimable represen
tee in Kgypt died in April last. An
unpleasant altercation aroso between the
temporary incumbent of theoflicoand
the (Jovernment of Pusha. resulting in a
suspension of the intercourse.
the snhTof the successor ia the Consu-
Th .rmr was promnt I V correciea on
ut ... i -Julian up 1 1 ii i (Tt-r.t nt wr I
...... . I
HI I I III IDIIIil 'MO mum 1-
s tho relation with ths liatbary powers
fe entirely satisfactory. Tbo rebellion
which has so long boen fragrant with Chi
ns has r.t lat been suppressed with the
co-operatiog gootl offices of this Govern
ment aori of tbo other coruaicrcial Slates.
The Judicial. Consular establishment
boa become very difficult and onerous,
init ii rin - nnoA T.ftcislation to adopt it
to tho extontion of our commerce and to
ne more lniimaie inierwuiw
Uen instituted with the Gorernmentand
People of that vast empire. China seems
lo be accepting with hearty good will the
conventional laws which regulate coni
nerciunind sociat intercourse among the
"esters nations. ' Uwing to the peculiar
iluation of Japan and the anomalous
forru of this Government the action of
'bat empire ia performing treaty stipula
'ons is inconsistent and capricious. Not
Jftlieless good progress, has baen effected
J the Western powers, moving with en-
"Snienea concert our own peculiar ommn
B-vrueu concert uurumi ...
ve been all lowed or but iu CoiTrse of i
"UlomenUnd th bland it bu Utn
1837.
reODeneil in nnmmAi Tt.A ....
Uo. to believe that these pro.eediniM
. ....... ww 4 uuo ia reuauii
nave increased rather than diminished 92 79 for interest ofil.n 1:717! I ' , Bie8!erB. 1 ho gross pro
file friendship of Japan towards the UnU S53 C85 $ t i I P" -L'lS CeeaS BrwlD! frs!" tL? SttJ f condemned
led Stalo
'fhepprtsof Norfolk, Fernandin.and
rcneacola have been opened bv uroclaina
malion. It U hoped that foreign
mer-
aI,.i. .
w... ..ow cousiaer whether it is not
tator and mnrA t i-nflinl.U i-.i.. i
... ii "i . .. .. .
n. VV1 1 Hit IIl'irB lllUr Fit F lin I ....... I W 1 .
. I" r..r"," . "V"" sim,
than it u to per.ue through many hazards
-wi v u mriH niiu. uinnr r rtrkria
ana otner open ports.
. -
sillUll K WBBl ITOIL- M nnfl I Wit iftnilfna.'laai 'h
Jother port, which .re closed. Tf not by
! "i"1"?. ?Pat.ons, at least by a Taw-
ui auu euueuve DIOCKOde. J-'or mvself.
, -
the executive under the l.wof nitinn.' i
tl,-.;..iT;.:.':i ir ru.u,jr
exclude the enemies of the a
an asylum in the United Stalra.
ing, in .Sch lacktbo T K"
iaw, or uugm io be luriner regulated by
it, 1 recommend that provisions be made
for effectually preventing foreign slave
traders from acquiring dooiicil and facili-
wes ior meir criminal occupation in our
country. It is possible that ifitwerea
new and open question the maritime pow
ers, with the light they now enjoy, would
not concede'the pnvileces f a nnval bel
ligerent to the insurgents of the United
Statos, dostilute ns they are, and always
have been equally ofships and of ports and
harbors. Duloyal omisitrsies have been
neither less assiduous, nor more success
ful during the Jast year than they were
before tfiat tune in their effort under fa
vor of that privilege to embroil our coun
try in foreign war. Tho desire and
determination of the maritime States to
defeat tho design are bolieved to be as
sincere and cannot be more earnest than
Europe. Nevertheless unforseen diflicul
ties have arisen, especially in Brazlian and
British points and on the northern boun
dary of theUuited States as well of the
nations concerned and their governments.
Comm'usioneti have been uppoinled un
der the treaty with Great Britain on the
adjustment of tho claims of tho Hudson
Bay and Tugel's Sound Agricultural Com
panies, in Oregon, and are now proceed
ing to the execution of the trust assigned
to them, in view of tlie insecurity ot hie
Lio the region adjacent to the Canadian
1 tirtrilor list ranant oasianlta ntul rlimnml i
tiona committed by inimiclo nd desper
ate persons who are harbored there.'it
has been thought proper to give notice
ihnl nftcr vlio wxpiralion of six months,
the period conditionally stipulated iu tho
existing arrangements with Great Britain,
the United States must hold themselves
at liberty to inciease their naval arm vicnt
upor. tho lakes if they shall find that pro
ceeding necessary.
The condition of the border will ne
cessarily come into consideration in con
nection with the question of continuing
or modifying the rights of transit fiom
Canada through the United States, as well
as the regulation of imports which were
temporarily established by the reciproci
ty treaty of the 5lh of June, 1834. I de
sire, however, to b,e understood while ma
king this statement, that the colonial au
thorities are not deemed toxe intention
ally unjust or unfriendly towardi theUo
ited States', but on the contrary, ther-e is '
every reason to expect that with tho ap-(
proval of the Imperial Government they
will tuko the necessary measures to pro
vent new incursions ocross.the border.
The act passed at the last session for their
encouragement of emigration has, as far
as was possible, been put into operation.
It seems to need amendment which will
enable the officers of the government to
prevent the practice of frauds against the
emigrants wliilo on their way and on their
arrival in tlia ports," so as to secure lueni
hereafreo choice of avocations and pla
ces of settlement, a liberal disposition to
ward this great national policy, is miini
fessed by most of the European Stales,
and ought to be reoip root ted on our part
by giving tho immigrant eQ'eotive nation
al nmiAiuinn. I regard our emigrants as
I rf 1 1. a r.tintirl. runlar. iuh i n if llrHAm.
which are sppointed by Trovidenco to re
pair the ravages of internal war and its
waste of natioual strength and health. All
that Is necessary is to secure the flow of
that stream in its presont fullness, and
to that end the government must in eve
ry way make it manifest that it neither
needs nor designs to oppoe involuntary
military service upon thoso who come from
other lands to cast their lot iu our coun
try. The financial affairs or the government
have been successfully administered. Du
ring the last year the requisition of the last
session of Congress has beneficially elldd-
ed the rovenue, aitliougn suiucient nme
l.na nnt vt plumed to exnorience the full I
ellect of several of the provisions of the
aets of Congress imposing increased taxa-
Hon. l ne reueiiin uui mu j
. . ry i :,.. J.v.r.. I h nnm T rrt rv i
'..ii .n,iro. nnon t ho basis of warrants
.
signed by the Secretary of the Troasury, the nationil defence, and to keep up and
including loans, and the balance in the supply the requisite military force.
Treasury on the 1st day of July. 18C3, The report of the Secrotary of the Navy
were ?1. 394.706,007,02, and the aggregate presents a comprehensive and satisfactory
disbursement upon the same basis, were . exhibit of the ciheers of that Department
?1,2GS,053,101,09, leavinj a ballance lu i and of the naval service,
the Treasury as shown by warrants, of It U a subject of congratulate and lau
$96,739,905.73. Deduct from these a- dable pride to our countrymen that a na
mounts the amount of the principle of vy of such vsst proportions has been or
tho public debt redeemed and the amount "ganized in so brief a period, and conduct
or Issues in substitution, therefor, and i with so much efficiency and successs
the actual cash operations of the Trcasu-! The general exhibit or the navy, includ
rflnflinis. S!M4.nrti Clf 71 inir vessels under contract on the 1st of
i i. eviiii "ii nr Rrt . .i,ii. i--.
a ballance cash in the treasury of$18,842,-
sst71. Oftha receipts there were deri-'
t ed from customs, f 102, 316,152.99 ; from 1
'sods f580323 28; from ' dinct taxes, !
mf 64?'J8' from InUrntlrevecue.f 100..'
741,134 10 ; Trem miscellaneous toarseS, j
$17,511,413 El j and from loans applied to
actual expenditures, including former
balaneo 132,443.23 13- J hey were ais-
- , , .7 nnt OilU
bursed for the ' civil oe, $27,505 2J9.
i&t for ptoklooi bS inamni, ypu.w
PRINCIPLES,
CLEAR HELD, PA., WEDNESDAY, DEC. 14, 1861.
. . ...
'j ' npinA ivn am. imm. tnn o m
97 for the W 'n 11
a .... i . .. I . .
Kra; a.k,'n," ".regale of
Treuurv of Sl
- For M.a mi.. .li.i .V
for the Or.t quarter : and the estimated
uu.nvi, Iuu lliu estimated
receipts and disbursements of the throe 1
i . . . .uo ""to
-.. .
1 .-..6 .uivii w mo curreninsc.il
I 1 . . .
year una inegonoral operations of the'
'I'voaaiifti i . r , .
Treasury in detail. I rrr
i - j v uu ic
1 port of the Vecrelary of thTrea,urv "
L I.' . I. .1 . . .
meet the expenses consequent u no n the
f'f....u- i . Vv ' . V"
t'twi, utiitsju 1IUU1 I
war rlpricml Umi,..!;.: .i.....i'L i
"l,ur,ner. ,M I earnestly invite
1 v. . . . " Tl.r' , lnvu?
ZZI . "
jour attention to this subioct to the an.l
that there may be such additional l.
i;. ni, Lii .. . , . ,
tionuihaULe requ redio meet the just
ff . b " 1 .,..
i- , 1 . . . '
arv n? Tt" Ly bItS ?' b8 'SeCre-
aryot the Ireasury, amounlsd to one
m vuuiiu unui on me uru aiv ii . n
bii on seven hundred and forty thousand cur in the recommendation of the iccrc
millions, six hundred and n.nety thousand tury as to the propriety of crcatin Mhe
four hundred and e.ghly-.wne dollars and new rank of V co 1dm. ral.
tony tune cents. Probably should the
war continue foraeolheryear.that amnuut
may be increased by not fur from five hun
dred millions. Hold as it ii for the most
part by our own people, it has become a
substantial branch of national though
private proporty. For obvious reasons,
the more nearly this propeity can be dis
tributed among all the people tho better.
To favor such a distribution, greater in
ducements to become owners might per
haps, with good elloct and without injury,
bo presented to poisons of limited means.
With this view, I suggest whether it
might not be both competent and exns!-
dient for Congress to provide that a lim
ited amount ol some future issue of pub
lic securities micht bo held bv anvium
Jile purchaser exempt from taxation and
irom seizure tor debt, under such restric
tions as might be necessary to guard
against abuse of so important a, privilege.
This would enable every prudent pctsoo
to set aside a small annuity against a pos
sible day of want. 1'iivilegos like these
would render the possession of such seou-
, rities, to the amount limited, most desira-
i ble to every nowon of small menus hn
might bo able to have enough for the pur-
' nnurt
' 11. ft i .
in ocreiary reiterates ins recommen-
dations, and to them the attention of L"on
gress is invited.
The liberal provisions nindo by Congress
for paying pensiu.i to
sailors ot,ihe Republic, and lo the widow,
orphan and dependent mothers of those
who have fallen in battle, or died of dis
ease, contracted, or wounds received in
tho service of the couutry, have boon dili
gontly administered.
The great advantage of citizens being
creditors ns well as debtors with relation
to tho public dobt js obvious. Meu readi
ly perceive that they cannot bj much op
pressed by a debt which they owe to them
selves. The public debt on tho first day of July
last, although somewhat exceeding the
estimato of the Secretary of the Treasury
mado to Congress at the commencement
of the last session, f&lj short of the esti
mato of that officer made in tho preceding
December, as to its probable amount at
the beginning nf this year by a sum of ?3,
793,097 31. This fact exhibits a satisfac
tory condition and conduct of the opera
tions of the Treusury.
The National banking system is proving
to be acceptable to capitalists and to the
people, 0a the 25th day of November
58 1 National Bants had been organized,
a considerable nurabor of which were con
versions from Slate banks. Changes from
Stale systems to the National system are
rapidly taking place, and it is hoped that
very soon thoie will bo in the United
Stales no banks of issue not authorized
by congress, and no note circulation not
secured by the Government.'- That the
Goverumout and the people will derive
great benefit from this chungo io tho
banking system of the country can hardly
be queiinod. The National system will
create a permanent and reliable influence
in support of the National credit, and pro
tect the people against losses in tho use of
papor money.
Whether or not any further legislation
is advisable for the suppression of Sta'e
bank Usues, it will be for CongresJto de
termine. It seems lo be quite clear th'U
the Treasury cannot be satisfactorily con
ducted unless the Government can exer
cise a restraining power over tho bank
circulation of the country.
The report of the Secretary of War and
the accompanying documents, will detail
tho campaign of the armies in the field
since the dale of the last annual meafage,
an also the operations ot the several ad-
munstrative bureaus of the
War Depsrt-
monr 11 11 II n 'J I ll H IMsl V HMI.
il will also
M- -a
specity uie measures udemeu ueces.-ary ior
n.Mmhnr. 1SG4. shows a total exhibit ot ;
six hundred and seventy -one vessel., car-
rvinc four thousand six hundred ai.d ten ,
guns, and of 510,396 tons, beiag an actual j
increase during the year over and above
all losses byahirmentor in bitltlo or 83
vessels, 1C7 guns and 4,247 tons.
The totel number of men al this time in
the navt.1 service, including officers, i
aoouioi.wv. i nere nave oeen capiureu
by Ihe navr during the year. 324 ressscls,
and the whole number of naval captures
not MEN.
C0"ncod. is J.37U. of
I .
prize property, thu, far reporte.Llmount
A of
i ! cu 8 811,1 unt'ef aujudica
1 n i.,, r ,u! v?.?.0."! 1 110 lota
v ii-,iuiui v vmu Aiiivui iiannriinohf nr
eqery description, including the cost of
, - 'Mumuiu.jh llllll ll 1VH I M14I1
thn immitii.fi (uiim. i i
mile. imr. .!....: i.T . "A
t w " 7 ,r: r""" ""Vr.'"" ua
. iti ann I mil I in DM I r-f "V I...- 1 W I
ar S9:it (U7 sS - . ., '
-iour iavoiMe connaeratKm is invited
I to the various" recommendations of the
1 Z'TT
I '""""'J.o'l'1"")'
in recard
lu u llllvy jaru ana sunauie estat
nuv ini.il on4 uoiinKtA . .. 1. 1 :. u... .
,or construction and .epair of iron
for tho construction
!a "e machinery and armature
.i.
Ja l'". "u ' u,m a,ur.e
iu niiiuu reiercnce s made
hi my last annual messe. Yourotten-
I inyi.ed to.tne vie,s expressed
n 1U......1 1. ..1..1.. .l. 1 . .
" ",0 'i"J' "J if lanuu 111 me leuisiauon
of UonKrM 8t lwt respect To
prizes on in'an.l I
Your attention is invited to the report
of the Postmaster General for a detailed
account of theopetation and tinancial con
dition of the Pou Office Department. Tho
postal rosourcos for tho year eating June
30, lMiil, amounts to S1-,-I3S.2j3 7.S, and
the eponditures to $1 2,04 l,78ii 20. Tho
excess ot expenditures over receipts buiugpositions then occupied bv
v-'J, OO.i,
J lie views presented by the rostmas
tor General on thesubject of special grunts
by the Govorument in aid of the eslut
lishmonl of new lineaof ocean mail Hteani
ships, and the policy ho recommends for
the development of increased commer
cial intercourse with adjacent and neigh
boring countrios, should receive too care
ful consideration of Congress. Jt is of
noteworthy interest that iho (steady ex
pansion of population, improvement and
govorumenti.l institutions over tho new
and unoccuiTeil portion of our country
have scarcely been checked, much less
impeded or destroyed by our great civil
war, which, at first glttceo, would seem
to have absoibed almost the entirecner
gies of the nation. The organization aud
admission of the Stale of Nevada bus been
completed in omifonnily with law, pnd
thus our excellent system U tii-mly estab
lished in the mountains which weroonce
deemed a barren and uninhabitable waste
between the Atlantic States ami
tho.se
which have grown up on the coast of tbe
I'uo'lio comm. Tho lorritorles of iho Un
ion are generally In ncindilion ofiros
perity und rapid growth. Idaho and Mon
tana, by reat-on of their groat diiitaLce
and the interruption of communication
with them-by Indian ho.tiliiies, have been
only partially organized. But it is under
sto6d these ditticulties are about to disap
pear, which will permit their govern
ments, like those of the olhu'.-i, to go into
speeJy and full operation, as intimated
and connected with and promotive of this
material growth ot the nation.
I ask the attention of Congress to the
valuable information and important re-
commendations relalivo to I lie public
land?, Indian affairs, the Pacific railroad,
and mineral discoveries, contained in the
report of the Secretary of the . Interior,
which is herewith transmitted, and which
report also embraces the subjects of pat
ents, pensions and other topics of public
interest pertaining lo h;a Department,
1 ho qunntity ol public land uisnosud of
during the five quarters ending 30ih Do
cember last, was, 3,521,342 acres, of which
1,4JS,G14 acres were entered under tho
Homestead law. The remainder was lo
cated wiih military land warrants, Rgiicul-
tural serin, certiiie.l to Stata lor railroads
and sold lor cash. The cash received fiom
sales and localiuii fees, vas l,010,40'.'i, and
tho income from pales durinir the tisca
year ending June 30th 104, $ii78,(07 21,
auainst $130,073 75 received during the
preceding year.
The aggregate numbjr of acres survey
ed during the year, has been equal lo the
quantity disposed of, and there is open to
settlement about 1i3 0U0,0U0 acres ui sur
veyed land- Tho great enterprise of con
necting the Atlantic with the Pacific
States by railways and telegraph lines, has
been entered upon with u vigor which
give assurance of succors. Notwithstand
ing the om harassment arising from the
pre railing high prices of material and la
bor, the route of the main line of tho road
has been dclitiitely located fir one hun
dred miles westward from the inilal point
at Omaha city, Nebraska, and a prelimi
nary location ot the l'ujilic railroad of
Culiforuia has been made from Sacramento
lo the great bond of the Trace river, in
Nevada.
Numerous dipjveries of golT and silver,
and similar mines, havo been added to
tlio many already known, and the coun
try occupied by the Sierra Nevada and
Rocky Mountains, and thesuburdan rang
es, now lesm with enterprising labor,
which is richly remunerative. It is boliev
ed that tho product of the mines of prec
ious minerals in that reigion has already
retched, If not exceeded, one hundred
millions in value.
It.was recommended in my last anual
raesnge tint our I nd iait system be remod
elled. Congress, at it last session, acting
upon the rec JQimouJatiou, did provide
for a reorganization of the system in Cali
fornia, and it is believed that under the
present organization the management ot
the Indians mere will bo attended wun
considerable sucess. Much remains to I e
done to provide for the proper manage-
meut or ihe Indians in oilier parti ol
country to render it secoure for the
vancing settler, aud to provido lor
the
ad
tho weKare of the Indians.
i Ther has been 'added to the pension
rolls during tho year ending the 30th day
of JtintJnst, the names ol JO.nU
invalid
aolaiersjiod jiiildiiable-i seamen.'makiug
Ihe present cumber of army, invalid pen-
TEEMS
NEW
loners, 21,707. Of widows, nrr liurm unit .'
iiinriwra I'll lino. i,..,.i .1
tionship to revolutionary
rv..,.,. umuse oi roia-
soldiers. Dii--
ing the year ending the 30th of June, 180 1,
$1,504,016,92 have buon paid to pension
ers of all classes. , . . .
I cheerfully commend fo your contin
ued patronnge the benovolent institutions
of the District of Columbia, which have
hitherto beou fostered by Congress, and
respectfully refer for imformation concern
ing them, and in relation to the Washing
ton Aqueduct, tho Capitol and other mat
ters ol local interest, to the report of the
Secretary of tho Interior.
The Agricultural Department, under
tho f upervisions of its'resnnt energetic
and faithlul head, is rapidly commending
iltelfto the groat and vital interest it was
created to ndvanco. It is particularly tho
the department in which the people feel
niT)re directly concerned than in any oth
er. I cornmeud it to the continued atten
tion and fostering euro of Congress,
The war continuds. Since, the last an
nual message all tho important lines and
our forces,
our armies
have been maintained, and
hare steadily advanced, thus liberal i ng
Iho region left in the loir, so that Miss
ouri, Kentucky, Tennessee nnd pans of
I other htates have again produced reasona
bly fuir crops.
The most remarkable feature in the
military operations of the year is General
Sherman's attempted march of three hun
dred miles directly through tho insurgent
region. It tends to show a great increase
of our relative strength that our Ucneral
in Chief should feel able to confront and
hold in check every active force of the en
emy, and lo detail a well appointed largo
army to move on Euch an expedition. The
result not yet being known, conjecture in
regard to it is not here indulged.
Independent movements have clso oc
curred during tho year to tho effect of
mndo'.linj society for durability in the
Luion.
Although it is much in the right direc
tion that twelve thousand citizens in eat-h
i of t he States of
Arkansas and Louisiana
havo organic I L"y:it Suto Governments
with' l'roe Constitution, nnd earnestly
I struggling to tnuintain and andniininter
I them, the movoments in the came do eo
! lions, moro extensive though less definite,
I in Missouri, Kentucky and Tennessee
j ghoul r not bo overlooked.
But Maryland presents the exampla of
complete success. Maryland is s.c:tiro to
Liber'v and the Union for all the future'
The genius t;f rebellion will no more claim
Maryland. Like another foul spirit, be
ing driven ott, it may seek to teur her,
but it will woo her no more.
, At tho last tension of Congress n propos
ed ammcudmenl tithe Cotittitution, iibol
ishishing slavery throughout the United
States, passed the Senate, but fniled for
lack of the requisite two-'.hirds vote in the
House of Representatives. Although
the present is tho fame Congress
and nearly the tv.a-s numbers, and
without questioning the wisdom or patri
otism of those who stood in opposition,
I venture to recommend tho reconsidera
tion and passngs of the measure at the pres
ent session,
Ofcoui -e the nb-dract question is not
changed, but an intervening election
s!:Oivs nlmo't certainly that the next Con
gress will pnss tho mea-iuro, if tins one
(Ices not j hence it is only a question of
time when tl.e proposed amendment will
go lo tho the States for their nctiop, and
us it if to go at nil events, may ww net
agree the sooner the better? It is not
c'aimed that the election has imposed a
duty on members to chr.ngo their viows or
their votes, any fuithcr than ts an addi
tional clumout to bo considered bow far
their judgment may 1 e effected by it- It
is the voice of the psople for tho first time
heard upon the question.
In a great national crisis like cirs una
nimity of action amcm.T t hose seeking a
common end is very desirubk), almost in
dispensable,, and yet no approach to stieh
unanimity is attainable unices sumou'of-
erence shall hi paid to the will of the ma
jority, simply beranso It is tho will of the
majority In lh;i case the ci'iim m end
Ihe maintenance of the Utiton, and among
the meaus to s CJre that cud tuchvM,
through the election, is most cleurly de
clared in favor of such constitutional
amendment. The most reliublo indica
tion of public purpose in this country is
derived.
Tliro.tgh our piptil.ir election, ju d ging
by the recent canvass aod iti roiults , the
purpose of the pc-oplo within the loval
Stales to maintain the integrity of tho Un
ion was uevor moro firm, nor miro nearly
unanimoui than now.
Tin. iilmnril!narv cnlmneass and food
order wiih which the millions of voters
- J ------ - r- ,.
met ana uv.ng;ea at me ponsgaro strong
assurance of this. Not only all those
who supported Ihe Union ticket, so cal
led, tut a gieat majority of the opposing
party, also, may be lairlyclaimed lo enter
(kin and lo lirt ne.tusted bv tlio R i:n tiur.
pose. It is an unanswerable argument to 1
this effect that uo candiadate for any!
office whalever, high or low, has ventured ,
to seek votes on the avowat thai he was
giving up the Union- There have been 1
much impugni'ig of motives nod much ;
heated contorversy as to the prwer;
means and bestmolo .of advancing Pie
Union cau'e but in tho distinct issue of
Union or no'Union, the politicians have
shown their instinctive knowledge thnt
i. nn ,iiersiiv amonrf the people in
awarding iho people the lair opportunity
" . .
of showing one to anoiucr jmt to toe
--." ." "kt" piui.i-u i;n iuo purpose, juo e ection has been of vtht
army pension rolls, and 213 on the navy value to tho national cuuso
rol.s. Ihe present number of army pen- The election has exhibited another feet
ZT0f,,C,M.,Pf3'."n.,of "y "leIuaUoto be known-the L
vea Z'n' t of the that we do not approach .exhnustion in
.inA, i , ,or evolu,"onilry t on- the most important branch of the Nation
sinners was 1,430. Only twelve of thorn al resources that ofliving men Wh lo it
,n.8S,r:i0hOU18e,?U h8Ve nielaochoi, lo reflect Z Tho l lias
; 'i.hS"J" VI "l wh0 ?0T ' rMd W'y graves, and caud morning
50 Per Annum, if paid in tdvr.c.
SERIES VOL. V.-NO. '.
inuiiu. mis urmneps ana ucauim lv of
.....V1 1 1. ! - n
n .
to so many homes, t in nmA rM.of . .
know that, eomn.ra.l ii, ..,;..:...
i WJV VSMt IUIU1',
the lallen have been so few. Whole ooips,
and divisions, and bricades. and reH-
ruentg, have been
formed, and fought,
o
Jand dwindled Bnj gone out of existence.
a great majority of men who compos
ed them are till living. The tauie is
true of the naval service. The election
returns provo this. So many votes could
not else bo found. The Slates regularly
holding elections, both now and four
yoars ago, to wit : California, Connetcti
eut, Delaware, Illinois, Indiana. Iowa,
Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Missacbu
setls, Michigan. Minnesota, Missouri,
New Uamshiro, New lersey, New York,
Ohio, Oisgon", Pennsylvania Rhode- Is
land, Vermont, West Virginia and Wis
consin, cast 3,92,011 votes siow against
3,70,222 enst then, f-howingan aggregate,
now of 3,3'Jb.211. to which is to bo added
33,70i! cast now in .the new States of Kans
as ond Nevada, which State., did qotvote
i 1R00, thus swelling the aggregate, to
4,105,774, ud tho net increas.o during the
three years and a half of war, $140,751.
A table is appended, showing particulars.
To this pgnin bhould be added the num
ber of soldiers in tho field from Massa
chusetts, Rhode Island, New Jersey, Del
aware, Indiana, Illinois, end California,
who, ly tho law of thoso Stittps, could not
vole away from their homes, nnd which
number cannot be less than 90,000. Nor
yot is this all. The number in organized
tsrritories is tripple now what il was four
rears ago, while thousands white and
black join us U3 tho national armies pros,
back the insurgent's lines. So much is
shown aflirmalivclv and negatively by
the election. It is not maturiu! to inquire
how the increase has been pioJuced, or to
show that it would have been greater but
for tbo war, which is probably true. Tho
important fact remains demoiulrutod that
we huro more men now than wo hud when
tho war began ; that wo are not exhaust
ed, nor in process of exhaustion ; that wo
are gaining strength, and may, if peed be,
maintain tlio contest indefinitely, Thus
us to men itt.d material resources, they
mo now moie complete und abur.clnnt
thau uver- .The nut'onid icsources then
are exhausted and, an hrlicvo, inex
hauslibli, The public purpose to iv-slabiish and
maintain tlu nulicr.al authority is un
changed, and, as we belive, unchangeable.
The manner cf continuing the effort re
mains to chooso one, careful consideration
of all ihe evidence. It seems to me that
no attempt at negotiation with the inmr
geut leader could result in any good, lie
would accept of nothing short of tbo sev
erance, oT tho .Union. His declamations
to that effect are explicit and oft repeated;
he doc-snot attempt to deceive us. lie
affords us no excuse .to. deceive out selves.
We cannot voluntarily yield it.
Between him and ui the issue Is dis
tinct, simple, and inflexible. It is an
iss ue which enn only be tried by war and
decided by victory. If wo yield, wo are
beaten; if the Southern people fail him,
he is beaten. Either way it would bo tho
vielory and defeat following war. What
is true, however, of him nho he.ads the
insurgent eausii, is not necessarily true
of those who follow, although he cannot
re-accept the Cniou, they can. home ot
them, wo know, already disire peuco and
re-union. The number of iich may in
crease, ti.oycan at any momont have
peace simply by laving down there nrms
and submit ling to tho National authority
under the. Constitution. Alter so much,
tli a Government could not, if it would,
maintain war ngain't them. The' loyal
people would not sustain or allow it. If
questions should remain, wo would adjust
them by tho peaceful moans ot legislation,
conference, courts, and votes. Operat
ing only in constitutional and liwful
channels, some certain and possible ques
tions aro nnd would Ln leyond Ihe Ke
outive powor to adjust ; for instance, ad
mission of .members into. Congress, and
whatever might require tho appropriation
of money, the Lxeeulive power itsell
would bo greatly diminished by the cessa
tion of actual war. Pardons and remis
sions of forfeiture, however, would still be
within Kxecutive control. In what spirit
and temper this control wou'd be exer
cised can be fairly judged of the past.
A year ngo general pardon & amnesty up
on specitiod terms were offered to all cx-
Icopt certain designate ! classes, ai.d il was
at tlio same iimo made known that the
excepted classes were still within contem
platinn of special clemcey. During the
year many avsriled themselves rf tho gen
eral provision, and many more would only
that tho signs of bad faith in some specu
lation measures cs rendered (lie practical
: process less easy nnd certain
the aino linio aldO spcciiic.ai
pardons have been granted to individuals
ofexcopted classes, and no voluntary np
plicstion has been deniod. Thus, practi
cally, the door hn been open a full year
' In nil. except SUcll Who wero not IU COn-
dition to make free choice, that is, suoh
as were in custody or under constraint
It is still open to all. but the time may
come, and probably will come, when pub
lio duty shall demand that it bo closed
and that in view, more vigorous msas are,
than Lerstoforo shall be adopted,
la printing the absn lonment of arm
ed resistance to the Nations! authority.
on the part or the insurgents, as the only
indispensable condition to ending the wi
on the part or the Government, 1 rctrso
... -, .r - . 1
noilllug ncretoioro saei ns mi nery-
rej-cat thn dcolsralion male yar ago.