"-Vis
IW 111 t II
I'M
,B- GOODLANDER, J Ed-tors-
,01-. XXXtl. WIlOLK, NO ICfiB.
PRINCIPLES, not MEN.
TERMS-$1 25 per Annum, if paid in vdvpi
NKWSF.UIKS VOL. II. NO fi.
CLKAUFIKLl), l'A. NYKDNKHMY, AUGUST Sill, IBGI.
elect ocfrj!,
him; ok ri:vti;.
; OT W, L. SHoKMAKKU.
Oil, when will thou I . n i 1 1 a n t Ponce !
Smilo m our hopeless hind ai;uin ?
When will tho drum and trumpet oon.o
To call to arms each pntriot rwniu ?
When will Hio sword be laid aside?
The cannon ce ne black Heath to pour?
This bitter tours of j-riof lie dried,
Ami hopes ln ours to faint no moro ?
(b, rnme wcer pence' nnd breathe agniu
Thy blosninjr o'er our brood doinuiu !
, O'er cvory lienrt resume thy sway,
And chiiso tlio clouds of war uwuy !
The Uoniuii of Cnluiuliin sichs
To tvt the Inn! with ilniiKers rife,
, And nnnod host with Inutile crioii,
Hindi to a fratricidal strife.
Fair Freedom vails her ttarry head,
Angry to see her homo profaned,
Her fields willi blood of brethern red,
Jlcr streams with blond of bretbem etjiu'd.
D, tome, sweet Peace! dc.
Witt wonder nud with pain tlio world
Looks on the strife, and asks us why
There tire two banners now unfurled,
When oi'Iy one idiould wuto on high.
Alas ! when our forefathers built
Our tfliriuuK Union up for us,
They scarce imagined then the guilt
That would our nation sever thud.
Oh, come, sweet l'cncc! ilu.
All! md the niRlit.nnJ ud the day,
When first outburst the fires of hate,
" Ami hilse inubilioii led the way
To break the bunds of State to Ptate,
0, North, South, Kust, and West, resume
E The ties that made ye one before,
, Or Free 1 nil's Unworn no more will bloom,
No time your glory will restore 1
Oh, conic, sweet I'mcc ! d c.
Depth of Mines.
Till! WORKING Of THE ENOLISU MINTS.
An l"iiylt!lj jourrml, says the Baltimore
Sum, a ft ft- valuing the total roluct of tlio
mines of Grout Britain at JC H,-l.l,I')l! jior
annum, and computing tliat Finland's
(npnly of toul will last at least seven hun
dwil j t ars liiHger, ut resciit rates of con -gamidion,
jives tlio tollcwin uocounl oi
thctlciitk to nliifli the bo'vcU of tlio earth
bnve bi'i'ii jiioircd in Knjjlaiul:
The dpjitli to which we mine for coal
U&hvaily j:ieat. The pit, at Ouekenlielil,
in C'hfshire, ii '2,Wl feet below the stir
lace to the j oint where it intersects the
'ilhiclv Mine Co.il.' a seam ti hich is four
feet six inehos thick, and ol the ben final
ity for domestic and manufacturing pur
liohes ; from tfcis puint a further depth of
SbO teel hns been nttuined by tneutis of an
engine plane in the. bed of eoul, so that a
javai portion of the coal is now raised from
ibe enormous depth of 2,50-1 feet. At
Pond.eton, near Manchester, coal is da:y
wotked from n depth of 2,135 feet; and
tle Cannal coal of Wian is brought fro n
177o feet below tho surlaco. M.itiy of the
l)uiham colleries uro eip;ally deep, and
far inorv; extended in their subteri anean
lufeyiinths. .Suinu of those, and others in
Cuinberhind, urewoikedout far under the
bed of the tea; and on both sides of tho
island we are rapidly extending our ub
oceanie burrowing.
. . "J'he Dolcoath lin mine, in Cornwall, is
fcow work i t.g ut. l.HMJ feet frimi tho sur
hec, and is rapidly sinking deeper. Tho
depth of Tresaveun, u ci'iiper niino, is
2,ltU feet. Many oilier lin and copper
mines are approaching these depths ; and
under the Atlantic wavee, in 15olalhick,
Levant and other mines, man is pursuing
tiis labors daily til half a utile Irom bhore.
To aid the miner in these severe tasks,
gigantic steam engines, with cylinder one
hundrHl inches in diameter, are employed
in tho lumping of water from thoso vast
depths. Winding engines, which are mas
terpieees of mechanical skill, lire ever .it
work raising the minerals from each dark
abyss, and 'man engines,' of considerable
ingenuity so called because they bring
tb wearied miner to thn light of day, sa
ving hini from tho toil of climbing up per
J.endieulai' ladders are introduced in ma
ny of c-ur ino:,t crfectly conducted mines.
Our coals cost us annually one thousand
lives, and more limn double that number
of our metaliferous miners perish from
accidents in the mines, or at an unusually
early ngo, thirty-two, from diseases con
tracted by the condition of their toil. By
the industry of our mining population
there is annually added to out national
wealth considerably more than thirty mil
lions sterling. This, when elaborated by
the process of manufacture, is increased
in value ten fold. While wo lire drawing
upon that 'hoarded treasure, guarded by
dragons white and red,' which tho en
chanter Merlin is said to have concealed
In tho caves of tho ea'-th, we should not
cease to remember how much of mental
labor and muscular power is expended,
and how largo a percentage of human life
i annually sacrificed in the contest with
those hydra-headed evils which are very
truly personified by tho dragons of tho
legend."
"Knjoyixii Liie." 1 must pity that
woung man', who, with a little finery of
areas and recklckiaess of mauner, with his
coarse passions all daguerreotypod upon
bis face, goes whooping through tlio Btreet,
driving an animal much nobler in its con
duct than himsolf, or swaggers into somo
iaunt of shame, and calls it "enjoying
life!" Uo thinks hois astonishing tho
world; and la is astonishing the thinking
part of it, who are astonishod that Iw is
ot astonishnd at himseir. For looking at
thst compound of ilesh and impudence,
Md say iron all this earth there is any
thing more pitiable. Does he know any
thing of tlu true jov of life f Wo might
M well say thai tho beauty and immensity
Of Ike uni verso wore inclosed in the field
Whore the prodigal son liy ntnong the
cs)t and the swine.
No man Iim a right o do as ho pleasoa,
xcept when he please, to do right.
Why did not President Buchanan Re
inforce tho Ports at Charleston and
other Southern Cities ?
Because he had no means of doing to
Gon. Scott's letter to tho War Depart
ment, dated L".Uh ol October last, (about
a week before tho Presidents election, con
tains tho following paragraph :
"From a knowlodgo ol our Southern
population, it is my solemn conviction
that (hero is some d.ingor of un early act
of rashness preliminary to secession, viz:
tho seizure of soma or nil of tho following
posts: Fort Jackson and St. l'hilip in tho
Mississippi, below New Orleans, both with-(
out garrisons; Fort Morgan, below Mobile,
without garrison ; Fort I'ickens and Mo
lten, l'ciisacola harbor, with tin insulli
cient garrison for one ; Fort Pulaski, bu
low Savannah, without a garrison ; Forts
Moultrio and Sumter, Charleston harbor,
tho former with an insullieieiit garrison,
the latter without any ; and Fort Monroe,
Hampton ltoads, without a sullicient gat
risoii. In my opinion nil the.su works
should be immediately so garrisoned as to
make any attempt to take any one of
them by surprise or coup de main, ridicu :
Ions." !
Gen. Scott he.o enumerates nine forts
in six dillerent States, all of which Forls,
ho siivs, "should bo immediately garrison
ed ;" but he submits no plan for the pur
pose, ami designates no troops available
tot that object. In . a supplementary let
ter written on the following day, Oct. L10,
ho says, "Thvrc is one regular company at
Poslon, one hera at the Narrows, ono at ,
Portsmouth, one. at Augusta, Geo., and
one at lVilou Kongo ; in all, jicc comjmntcs
i - i i . - . i ... . e -
uiilu tratiH roich, I) uallisoii anu reniioico
tho Forts mentioned." Fivo companies,
containing less than 4011 men, to garrison
oi' reinforce nine fortifications, scattered
over six of the Southern !
Nearly all of our small army was at that
time stationed o:i the remote frontiers of
our extensive country, to protect thu in
habitants and emigrants against the lo.n
i hawk and scalping knifo of the savage,
and at the approach of winter could not
have been brought within reach, for sev
?r.il months. They wc:e employed ai
they had been for years. At tho period
when our fortifications were ercuted, it
was not contemplated that they should bo
garrisoned except in the event of a for-
ei'Mi war. and this to avoid tlio necessity
of maintaining a large standing army. No
person then dreamed ol danger Irom tlio
States. It is a remarKaoie tact mat auer
several months had olapsed.aiid the Pres
ident, at tho nistaoce ol ben. Scott, hail
scoured tho whole country for forces to
protect the inajguiatim of the President
Fleet, all tho troops that could be assem
bled at Wiishing'ou.rank and lile.amount
ed to but six hundred and thirty. This
is stated in a message of President Much
iinaii to the llouso of Kepresentatives.
To have sent 4'Kf men to Charleston af
ter the Presidential election, (Nov. ti ) to
rarrison and defend three Forls, an arsen
al, A custom bouse, navy yard and po.-t-oflice,
would have only been to provoko
cullisinu. Undoubtedly tlio public prop
... iv was safer without than ii would have
been with a force so totally inadequate ;
and it is fair to presume that such was the
Prcsident's opinion.
Besides there was a
strong expression on the part of tho South
ern Slates against any attack by South
Carolina upon the public piopcrty. For
this reason, it was not politic for them to
make mi attack. Accordingly President
Buchanan remarked :n his Message to
Cormress 3rd December last, "it is not
believed that any attempt will be made to
expel the United S'fites from this proper
ty by force." In this belief he was justi
fied by the event ; as there was no troub
le until after Major Ar.derso i retired from
Fort Moultrie to Fort Sumter, as ho had
a right to do, first having spiked his own
cannon and burned his gun carriages.
And suppnso it should appear, as we are
inclined io think it will eventually that
Col. Anderson himsell after his retire
ment to Fort Sumter, deemed a reinforce
ment unadvisable, and so expressed him
self to the government ? Would this, in
addition to the lack of troops before men
tioned, justify tho President (Buchanan)
in not sending them forward ?
We have said that Gen. Scott's loiter
was dated Oct. 2'.Hh. Congress met about
five weeks afterwards, say on tho 3rd of
December, and tho Piesident in his mes
sage at the opening of the session, called
the attention of Co'ngress to the subject
at much length. Had the light w hich he
then shod upon it been turned to practi
cal account, and his advico been heeded,
we should have avoided tho dreadful fra
tricidal war that is r.ow upon us-a war
which according to present aptearancos,
niw.tr And eilherin final separation, or in
J the subjugation of eleven States to the pow
er or tweniy-inree. our umoi cir-ts
would have been healed and our Union
preserved on its original basis, lie how
ever committed tho whole subject to Cons
gross, declaring his readiness to execute
the laws, to thf extont of the power con .
ferred upon him ; at the samo time docho.
ring the existing laws wholly inadequate
to meet the exigencies growing out of tho
secession of a State or States :
"It is therefore my duty to submit to
Congress the whole question in all its
bearings. The course ol events is so rap
ioly hastening forward.that the emergen
cy may soon arise when you may be culled
upon to decide tho momentous question
whether you possess tho power, by force
of arms, to compel a State to remain in
the Union."
But Congress did nothing. Week after
week and month after month passed away,
' but they did nothing. They refused to
j adopt any measures of conciliation wor
thy of tho name they also refused to
pass a Oeroion law. Congress continued
I in sossion until the expiration of Presi
dent Buchanan's term of service and the
; inauguration of his successor. As they
did not see fit to excruso their powers, so
neither did he seo lit to usurp them.
I Thus thewliolo matter remained in abey
ance; for the bitter feeling towards tlio
' South so persictenlly manifested by the
dominant party, in congress ana mroiiLm
tho pulpit and press, discouraged the U
nion men of the South, while it encoura
ged and exasperated the Secessionists
When that cession of Congress opened,
and for seventeen days afterwards, the I'
nion was unbroken, no State having yet
seceded. When closed, (:',d of March
hist,) seven largo States had declared
themselves out of tho Union, 'u : South
Carolina, Georgia. Florida, Alabama, Mis
sissippi, I.ouisianna, and Texas. All this
was done while Congress was in session,
and while President liuehanan was await
ing its action, whether for conciliation or
coercion. In the meantime he more than
once, if wo recollect right, pressed the
subject upon their attention, but without
Cllcct certainly w ithout any good effect.
With what justice, then, can he be held
responsible lor tho non exercise of pow
ers which ho diil not possess, and which
Congress did not bee lit to confur upon
him! Much less is ho 'respor.sib'o for
their haughty bearing toward; the South,
and their determination apparently, to
have nothing tll'ectt:al done, either by
way ol conciliation or coercion, until the
President elect should come into power, which Mr. Douglas bore tho testimony
Thus the revolution was left to drift on which you published in the Enquirer a
unobstructed for several months ; and not ; few days since, in reference to tho wil
only unobstructed, but aggravated by the lmgiitss of the South to take the Critten
neglect of Congress to do anything by i dvii Compromise ? . DEMOCRAT,
way of removing or relieving tho grievan-1 We have before JS the Vviojrenwoud
ces complained of. The rest is too fresh I Ol'ie and Aopendix for the Session of IStiO
in tho remembrance of our re iders to ru- and i0l. it our correspondent will turn
quire repetition. President Lincoln sue- to the Cuiiyrcssumal til be of March 11,
ceeded ton legacy which he might well ; l.stjl, he will find in it u debate in tho
have desired to shun, and for a few weeks
pursue ! very nearly the same course
which had been marked out by his prede
cessor. But his party would not stand it.
There came doivn from the North and
Northwest an avalar.che of public senti
ment in favor of active incisures for 'en
forc'.ng the laws,' (i. e. for making war
upon the South.) that ho was at length
constrained to yield. The first step, was,
to send ui expedition to Charleston har-
bor, for the relief, and probably for the
reinforcement of Fort Sumter. That was gress. i believe in my heart, to-day, that
the inauguration of a war policy on the it would carry an overwhelming majority
pari of tho Government, and was so un- j of tho pecple of my State ; ay, sir, nnd of
der-tood on all sides. Nobody imagined nearly every other Stato in the Union.
that South Carolina, after what had nceur- 1 li.joix the Senators J'eciu the State vf Mismsijipi
red, would allow Sumter to be reinforced, ' hjt this Chamber J heard one, of them, who, hi,ni
or even provisioned, if she could prevent ' usjunwsat least to be. l'rcsitlcid uj the Southern
it. When thoGovernilient sent tkat expo- j Conjcderacy. projwsc to accept it and to
dilion.they must have fully expected that maintain ttc L'nvm if that jiropoMtiun could re
it would precipitate an attempt to cap-, cuec the cote it t.ujht to reecieej'rom the other
ture tho Fort, on tho part of South Car- side, if this chamber, fherefore, of all your
olina. And they were not disappointed. 1 propositions, of all your amendments,
The attempt was made and suceeded. - knowing as I do, aud knowing that the
Fort Sumter wps captured, to prevent its : histoi ian will write it down at any time leforc
bein" reinforced. The American flag was ' the 1st of Janun, a la-o-thirds cole Joe the Lrit-,
lowered, and tho garrison surrendered as tenden resolution in this Chamber would hace
prisoners of war. This wus enough. The saved eccry State in the Union but South Caro
llamo ol patriotism, mingled With some Una.
other flames, was kindled throughout the' Mr. Pogh said this in tho hearing of
land. President Lincoln issued "his pine- 1 Seward, of Wade, of Fessenden, of Trum
lamation calling for 75,lilJ 'voluntooi s to Lull, ol all the Republican Senators, and
defend the capital, Ae. This alarmed the not one denied Cm truth of his assertion,
border States, and soon Virginia, North , Mr. Douglas heard it, and confirmed its
Carolina, Tennessee and Arkansas, dccla- ; truth thus. We quote from tho iilobe re
red themselves out of the Union, and uni- port of tho discussion, of March 2. Mr.
ted the. r fortunes with the Southern Con" Douglas said :
lederaev. Preparations for war rvere j 'The Senator has said, that il' the Crittenden
prosecuted with vigor on both sides; and propositi!, n could have passed early in the session,
to day two great .rmiiis confront each it icould hace s teed all th: Stales except South
other, with every prospect of a speedy and Carolina. J jinny believe it would. While
terrible conflict, which, however it may ihe C. ittend'en Proposition was not in no
result, will be but tho beginning of a cordanee with my cherished views, 1
struggl" of which no loan can iorsee the avowed my readiness to accept it, in order
end. Jonrnal (f Commerce. , to save the Union, if we could unite up.,
or. it. No man has labored harder than 1
rnoTt.-T AnuxsT tut War. The Lora have to get it passed. J can confirm the Sei,
Stale Journal (Republican) says: ator's declaration, tiiat Senior J)teis himself,
"The blows dealt by the Administration whenonthc Committee of Thirteen, was ready
to punish disloyalty are most fearful in at all times to compromise oi the Crittenden
their recoil. The loyal North west is be- proposition. I will go further and say that
irg ruined by tho measures taken to liar- Mr. Toombs was also."
rass and disturb the country of the South-' This makes the matter beyond dispute,
em Mississippi. Whether the udminis- that the South would have taken the Cnt
tration knows it or r.ot is a question some- tendon Compromise as a final setieinent of
Wheat in this all our diflicultii . We will go further,
, of a gocd merchantable quality, will
briiv twenty cents per bushel; corn
been "sold nnd delivered one hundred
s east of us lir seven cents per bushel,
s.ill down, down, is the fearful len-j
r' l m,nini,,U ,in!iiv. will
not
has
miles east of
...i ;n .1.,,
till, in. ill ii, v. v.. -
-. i ..i n.,.1 ii..
(lenoy. it aiwavs no neioeu io un umi, uio - - ' l
! better policy was to drain tho South of understand tho Senator from Kentucky
' specie and concentrate il hero. I now proposes-that the line ol .,0 ;. shall
"The loyal Northwesl and the disloyal be extended, acknowleding and protecting
'South feel alike the effects of the blow. our properly on the south side ol tho line,
I Tho Lust, stimulated to greater endeavors, ' for the sake of peace, 1 said to the Com
Wvs broad acres, ami lives while wo lan- mittec of Thirteen, and I say here with
puish. We can tell the "blood invoking' ; other satisi.icvoiy provision.-, i ou... uc
advocates of this war that the "plain men' . tept it."
of Mr Lincoln's administration are becora- These declarations forever set tle t he
in- aroused. They see ruin and dcsola- 'question, as a point of history, that the
lion staring them in the face. They seo 1 adoption ol tho Cr.ttenden Compromise
that every avenue which has hitherto br't would have saved the I nion and prcserv
them wealth choked up-more, thev seo ed the public peace. What a terrible
evidences of the animus of this war, and all mistake was its rejection !
of them Republicans as well as Democrats,
i .1. L" i.:n ' .
nm beoinniOL' to think. From everv hill-
11111 ll 1111111,1 liiiiii,, v.ia v . ui , .i.i.
ton of Iowa the cry will soon come "Peace,
take off restrictions , unlock the channels
of trade
know it
give us lile nnd peace
we stato nothing from 1
or conjecture
it is the monotone
r.rmh which will become gtronccr with
i . .... .. ' . i . i
meneen. . i.u ensi 1 1 -1 ihi mui, uu ij' - , . , ,
opened and the Northwest saved." I whoso assent nothing cat. be done. 1 he
openu .... j IK)!iiU0l 0f jr Crittenden was, as we
Ss?Tho contractors who h ive furnished I all know, rejected Ly this party. Then
blankets to the Government for our sol- j Mr. I-itheridgj, one of the most resolute
diers, says the Philadelphia Impnrer, have of the Utiou men of the South, and who
realized the handsome little profit of two is now Clerk of tho House of Represenl.i
liiNiciF.n Tiiot SANi) dollars. A correspoo-1 tives, chosen by the Republicans, drafted
dent of tho Cincinnati Commercial slates ! Sl,me resolutions of compromise, which
one of tho sons of Secretary Cameron is ' Was known as tho Border Slate Com prom -
: - -.1 Tl. M ... ... .. ...... ... l.
said to have made about $20,000 on a sin
gle horso contract.
iy.V husband or s wife cannot witAie.-s
forcr against each other, though a wife
sometimes invcs eiwnoi .'. mv; vn n.v, (
r .i i i.i : i...:.... I...- i I
. ' .: :.1 t . tnilo
OI me UUsounu in seieeii.. nui.
It is dull and hurtful pleasure to have to adjustment win woU ., nave sausueu v r
do with people who approve of all we do cima and all the Border Mates 1 his the
or 11 Jl j llcpubhcaus would uot accept. 1 hey would
From the Cincinnati Lnquiror.
WHERE THE RESPONSIBILITY
RESTS.
MW7 the Smith have Arrrjitfit llu'i'rit
trmhn (limtjiromisr An Jinjuirtitnt
of Vvlitkal History.
Indianoi'oi.is, July 30, 101.
To the Kdlhir of the Enquirer:
1 have seen a statement in the Fmjuis
rer, copied into the Sentinel, of this cit,
thai the Southern Secessionists, as repre
sented by their leaders- Jellerson Davis
and Kohert ThcuIm - were willing to take
the Crittenden Compiomise last winter,
and savo the Union, hut tho Republican
Senators refused to adopt that measure,
and hence our present troubles and disas
ter. This statement is- vehemently de
nied by my Republican friends. They
say that the cotton States headed by Da
vis nnd Toombs would not take that
compromise, and that no proof can be
given that thev would. Several of them
admit that i the; would have taken it, a ter
rible responsibility rests upon the Kepub-
licans for refusing it, and they declare
they will never support thut party hereaf
ter if it can be shown by documentary ev
idence. Can you give me any additional
particulars of the circumstances under
Senate, of March '1, upon the Corwin Res
olution to amend the Coiis.itution of the
United States. J n the course of thu de
bale, Senator George ii. Pugh said :
"The Crittenden proposition has been
endorsed by the iilmosi. unanimous vote
of the Legislature ol Kentucky. It has
been endorsed by the Legislature of the
nob'e old Con monwealth of Virginia. It
has been petitioned for by a linger num
ber of electors of tho United States, than
any proposition that was ever before Con-
however, and adduco the testimony of
however, and adduco tne testimony oi
Si nator Toombs, ol Georgia, himself. In
his speech in the United Stales Senate,
on the 17th January, ISol, he said:
"But, although 1 niMst upon the perfect
, . , ,
.,i;i,i vet w hen it was iiionosed as 1
WO are now eiiioroneu in un ejieiisne
' nnd dreauiui civil war, w.uioui "y '
... . . . ,.
I attempt being n.a o by the majority oi
Congress to settle the d.thctilty peaceably
" We and annrai ly. iuauy vioiiunin-ino nem
ieariiy I made in the last Congress, but they gener
of the ally came either from the Southern men
or from .wine i.emocra.s, uu ...
' r. ieeLCll ov ii.u in- lueui mi".
without
jsy, MliJ , i.i lu i.viii,vj wiu iveiuuui.niis
reiected. It was not satistactory to the
i - i.n .i.i;...
Cotton States, but it would have kept all
; l);)I.(ler s;
' , .
Mates in tho Union, and In
the Cotton States could not
...mil ir.oil Inn ,f nil, nf if Wr llnllfT.
lasB introduced a very excellent scheme of
not uccept tho proposition of tho Peaco
Conference Congress. No votes wero giv
en for it except Northern Democrats and
Southern Border Stato men. Mr. Bigler's
proposition, to submit the Crittenden
proposition directly to a vote of tho peo
jile, was rejected when offered by him, and
subsequently when ollercd by Mr. Critten
den. Mr. Adams, a Republican member
from Massachusetts, now Minister to ling
land, had a plan of compromise, but his
own party voted that down, liven the
constitutional amendment of Mr. Corwin,
which provided only what is now in the
Constitution, that Congress should not in
terfere w ith slaery in tho Stales, wp.s voted
against by more than half tho Republicans
in the House. Our correspondent will sop,
therefore, that no attempt was mado last
I winter tii settio things peaceally, nor has
there been any effort made since. Presi
I dent Lincoln, it is true, recommended in
'his Inaugural Address., a General Conven
' lion of the States to propose amendments
'to tlio Constitution. This scheme, wss vo-
ted for recently in the llouso of Repre
sentatives, by all the Democratic nnd Un
I ion members, with Crittenden at their
head, but thu Republican majority voted
- it down.
Thus we are in a bloody and expensive
: war, because the Republican politicians
would not allow the question in dispute
. to be settled by a fair compromise. They
have evinced wretched statesmanship,
and we fear their patriotism is but little
! letter. There is not one of the comprom
ises we have mentioned, that the people
j would not have sanctioned by an immense
'majority, for the sake of national unity
and peace. Tho people understand very
well, that in this extensive country, with
its viuyiag interests and local prejudices,
there must necessaiily bo compromises,
in order to keep every thing smooth and
in order! It is extremely unfortunate
that a party opposed to any coniprome,
opposed lo even having a conference with
the South in a General Convention to see
what can be done, is in power. Shrewd
I i .1, ;., I... i
1 111,1,,. i i ,i.i t 1 1 . i;,illl llil'iv li.u J'ei.
than by the swoid.
From tho Klk County Advocate,
Democratic Legislative Convention.
In pursuance of a lesolution passed at
the convention hel l at Ridgway, August
lKtiO, the representative Conferees ot the
counties of Clearfield, Jctlersoii, Elk and
McKe.m, met at St. Marys on Thursday,
August b, for the purpose of nominating
suitable persons to represent the district
in the legislature.
The convention was organized by select
ing Gi:oi:;e Wkis, Ksq., President, and J.
15, Oviatt and Lever Flegal, Secretaries.
Tho following poisons presented their
credent u Is and weio admittlcd as dele
gates :
Clearfield Li ver r legal, Matthew Og
den and Dr. T. J. Boyer.
Jellerson John Conrad, H. Krc-tz and
Lorenzo lla.skill.
Flk Gearge Weis, Charles Luhr and
J it 1 i vi s Jones.
McKean Seth A. Backus and J. B.
Oviatt.
On motion, the delegates from McKean
were allowed to cast three votes in the
convention.
The convention was addressed by Mes
srs. Jiiickus, lioyer nndlonrad.
On motion, the convention proceeded
to make nominations.
Mr. Conrad nominated R. ). Nicholson.
Mr. Luhr nominated Dr. C. R. liarly.
Dr. Boyer nominated Jas. II. Lnrriinor.
J he convention then proceeded to ballot
Dr. liarly had 0 votes.
Jas. II. Laii'imcr had 3 voles.
R. J. Nicholson had 3 votes.
There being no choice, on motion, Dr.
C. R. liarly n as nominated by acclamation.
the convention then procecucd lo bnl
lot for the other candidate, nud on the
12th ballot, R. J. Nicholson of Jellerson
county, having received 7 votes, was de
clared dulv humiliated.
On motion, tho nomir.atiou was made
unanimous.
Dr. liarly, bping called on, nddicssod the
meeting in a siuiited and pati lot io man
nor. He was followed Ly Mnj. Nicholson ;
both speakers pledged themselves to use
their best elloi ts to bring about an honor
able peace.
On motion of Dr. Boyer, a committee of
one from each county was appointed hy
the President to draft resolutions: Dr. T.
J. Boyer, Seth A. Backus, John Conrad
and Julius Joi es were appointed said
committee.
( In motion, it was resolved that the next
representative convention be held at the
borough of St. Marys, on the third Thurs
day o) August lNj'2.
The committee on resolutions, through
their chairman, Dr. Boyer, reported the
following, vi Inch were unanimously adop
ted: llesolced. That it is the imperative duty
of every lover of the country of Washing
ton, of every age, sex and condition, to
stand dicidedly lor peace, to stay tho fan
atieism of the hour, which must crush the
hoiies and extinguish the brightest sun in
the constellation of governments ; tocoun-
cil moderation, arbitration, compromise
showing l v unequivocal ets that the in
terests of the South shall be equally safe
in ull tli' ir extensions m the future while
wo have the supremacy of power, as ours
were in the past when they had the as
cendancy , uud in tho parting worths ol
the Father of his country, ' Frown indig
nantly upein the fust dawning of cvory
attempt to alienate one portion of the
country from the other, or to dissolve the
politic-al bonds which unite us as one peo
ple," knowing no North, no South, no
Last, no W est, bnl uniting in one comnnn
brotherhood, in the spirit of compromise,
theentiro combined interests of men.
Ilesolerd. That tho courage and patriot
ism manifested by our bravo ami loyal cit
izens in responding to tho call for 7.VSMI
men lo deifcii I tho Capitol ii worthy of
our most profound approbation and re
flects lasting credit to those brnve spi .'
But that we most solemnly, and in tl
name of humanity, justice nnd e-hristii i
ity, protest against the late acts of the i".
mitnstratioa which have for their ohjei t
the subjugation ed' the South, and tho be
trayal of our brave soldiers into acts i
lawlessness .ind opposition to the princi
ples and feel in,: which actuated them ii
their march for the defence of tho nation
al cupilol.
Jlesoved, That with all good citizons wt
dei ply deplore tho recent slaughter ol
Americans in Virginia. We pity the
Northern widow rtmt the Northern orph
an ; we pity the Southern widow and the
Southern orphan ; and we swear ugain,
that wo will stand together, and strive by
tho use of all honorable means to bring
about peace, and resloro to their friends
our young men now sickening frou the
effects of a Southern summer.
Jicsnlcul, That the thro.it of Abolition
ists pass us like thu idle wiuds, which wo
regard not. We are freemen American
citizens, and wo will protect ourselves, and
each other, in the exercise of the rights of
American citi-;eiis to tho last extremity,
and with our lives, if need be.
.tVWiW'Tliat, in the language of Sena
tor Douglas, in his late speech in the Sen
ate, we "don't understand how u man can
claim to be a friend of tho Union, and yet
bo in favor of war upon ten millions of
people in Ihe Unicn. It cannot be cover
ed up much longer under tho pretext of
love lor the Union. "Waii
is Disl.vio.v, Certain, Inevitable, Fisai,
and 1 i;i;u'.ii u:i.b."
JlesotreJ. That we are in favor of a spee
dy settlement of the present difficulty by
cuinpioiiii.-e.
iiV.'c'iv., Thai when one section of our
country shall have been sulj'if. Uei'i by tho
other, ire have already bc-como tho slaves
of a military despotism.
Ji'is-'ccJ, That wo at e ready to ilil'eii l
freedom of speech and of the pie", g oust,
those who have tried hard to suppress
these constitutional rights.
Hcxolccd, That wherein the Chief Ma
gistrate of tho nation has failed to admin
ister the government agreeable to tl " Con
stitution of the I'nited Slates be is deser
ving the rebuke of every good citien.
Jtesolced, That the small pati iot b and of
Senators and representatives in thelato
extra session of Congress, who d i red to
maintain. the nilegiily of the Constitution,
under the menaces of expulsion and im .
prisonmcnt, are entitled to the gratitude
of every Amoiican citizen; and impartial
history w ill award them rn enviable dis
tinction llfsiJinl, That the persistent determin
ation of tlio majority of the incmlers of
tho late extra session of Congress lo frown
down every lrnisuie that hail for its ob
ject the peaceful adjustment of our natf"ii-
I al difficulties, indicates a fanatical mania
that would have much better became tho
J crusaders of centuries gone by, than Him
reprrsciit ilives of a free, intelligent and
j christian people ol the nineteenth ceiilu-
' ry.
" Jl.yn'.-ed, That the candidates nomina
ted this evening, Dr. 0. R. liarly and Maj.
I R. J. Nicholson, are worthy of the support
ol every democrat, and thi-.t we pledge
them our determined support p.t the Oc
tober election.
On motion, Hesnhed, That there pro
ceeding be pullished in the Democratic
papers of the district.
The Convention then adjourned.
(iKO. WlilS, Piesident.
J. B. Oviatt,
matt, )
Fi.eual, j
Secretaries,
Lever Fi.
Oi'R Classic Battle Fields. In the his
tory of this country we have had threo
wars and one rebellion the present still
existing conflict. Many and glorious havo
been the battles, and chivalrous the deeds
that marked the wir of tho revolution,
the war oflSl2, and the conquest of Mex
ico, and it may bo curious to contrast tho
names by which the battles of these threo
epoch are known, with the names of tho
principle cjntlict." in the present war.
The euphony of ihe former contrasts
strongly ill the unpleasant sound of tho
hitler. In the revolution we had such
bailies as thosoof Lexington, Yorklown,
aud Saratoga- In 112 wo rer.d ef tho
contests at Chippewa, Qiiocnstown, New
Orleans, and Bladonsbuig. In I'm Mex
ican war the liquid Spanish tonguo fur
nished such names as Molina h 1 Roy.
i'luena Vista, Chapultopoc, I'herubiisco,
and Reseca do la Palmu, as the scenes of
great battles. But in the present war wo
cannot soar any higher in the realms of
euphonv than Bull Hun, Big Hethel, Scary
Creek, Dog Spring, Hoke Run, Bull Town
and Pig Point. Alas, for our present clas
sic battle- fields. A'. V. 1 1, -raid,
Oi t at Niuiir. Look out for your boys,
fathers Hiid mothers, w hen night comes,
There is nothing more ruinous to their mo
r;ds than running abroad atthattinio- Un
der the cover of darkness they acquire
the education ol crime ; they learn to bo
rowdyish, if not absolutely vicious ; they
catch up loose talk, they hear sinful
thougts, they oe absents things, they be
came reckless and rio ous. If on would
save them from dissipation, save them
from prison, see to it that night finds
them home.
Jessie Fremont. Private letter.- from
General Fremont, says tho Tr'Jnnr-, speak
of tho great assistance w hich his wife,
"Jes-ie," well remembered of the cam
paign of IXW, is rendering him in this
most serious r.oulc-t. She acts as bis pri
vate secretary, wriiing in. my of his most
important business letters, and taking
notes of his conversation wi.h eflicers on
tnatteis of moment.
The lays of a nightengaie may bo very
delightful to ft well fed mini, but (he 'lay
l a hen uro liked uiueli lictlea by a hun
gry mm.